AMSTATNEWS MY STORY the Membership Magazine of the American Statistical Association •

December 2020 • Issue #522 AMSTATNEWS MY STORY The Membership Magazine of the American Statistical Association • http://magazine.amstat.org

® STORY ALSO: NC Chapter Offers Tips for Holding a Virtual Career Fair IMSI: A New NSF-Funded Institute Seattle

Statistics, Data, and the Stories They Tell Be on the Program!

Key Dates for Participants Key Dates for Attendees January 15, 2021 May 3, 2021 Computer Technology Workshop Registration and Housing Open Proposal Deadline (11:00 a.m. ET) February 22 – April 1, 2021 June 1, 2021 Meeting and Event Request Submission Early Registration Deadline March 16 – April 14, 2021 June 30, 2021 General Abstract Submission Regular Registration Deadline February 3 – April 15, 2021 July 1, 2021 Late-Breaking Session Proposal Submission Housing Deadline July 1, 2021 Draft Manuscript Deadline August 7–12, 2021 Washington State Convention Center ww2.amstat.org/meetings/ jsm/2021 AMSTATNEWS DECEMBER 2020 • ISSUE #522 Executive Director Ron Wasserstein: [email protected]

Associate Executive Director and Director of Operations Stephen Porzio: [email protected] features Senior Advisor for Statistics Communication and Media Innovation 3 What a Year It Has Been! Regina Nuzzo: [email protected] 5 ASA/AAAS Mass Media Fellowship Applications Open Director of Science Policy Steve Pierson: [email protected] 5 Nominate a Colleague for ASA Director of Strategic Initiatives and Outreach Leadership Position Donna LaLonde: [email protected] 6 CHANCE Highlights: Special Issue Director of Education Illustrates Importance of Data Privacy Rebecca Nichols: [email protected] 7 Giving Day 2020 Raises Nearly $69,000 Managing Editor Megan Murphy: [email protected] 7 Nominations Sought for JABES Editor

Editor and Content Strategist 8 An Interview with Margaret Gamalo, Val Nirala: [email protected] Editor of JBS

Production Coordinators/Graphic Designers 14 IMSI: A New NSF-Funded Institute Olivia Brown: [email protected] Megan Ruyle: [email protected] 16 My ASA Story Advertising Manager 20 UNC Biostatistics Program Offers Undergraduate Claudine Donovan: [email protected] Students Opportunity Contributing Staff Members 22 A Conversation with DataKind’s Executive Director, Kim Gilliam • Naomi Friedman • Amanda Malloy Jake Porway Amstat News welcomes news items and letters from readers on matters of interest to the association and the profession. Address correspondence to 23 ASA Journal Gets New Name, Mission Managing Editor, Amstat News, American Statistical Association, 732 North Washington Street, Alexandria VA 22314-1943 USA, or email amstat@ 24 NC Chapter Offers Tips for Holding a Virtual Career Fair amstat.org. Items must be received by the first day of the preceding month to ensure appearance in the next issue (for example, June 1 for the July issue). 25 Virtual StatFest Welcomes International Students Material can be sent as a Microsoft Word document, PDF, or within an email. Articles will be edited for space. Accompanying artwork will be accepted in graphics file formats only (.jpg, etc.), minimum 300 dpi. No material in WordPerfect will be accepted. Amstat News (ISSN 0163-9617) is published monthly by the American Statistical Association, 732 North Washington Street, Alexandria VA 22314- columns 1943 USA. Periodicals postage paid at Alexandria, Virginia, and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Amstat News, 732 North Washington Street, Alexandria VA 22314-1943 USA. Send Canadian address changes to APC, PO Box 503, RPO West Beaver Creek, Rich Hill, 26 STATS4GOOD ON L4B 4R6. Annual subscriptions are $50 per year for nonmembers. Amstat A Look at How Statistical Science Is Making News is the member publication of the ASA. For annual membership rates, an Impact on Poverty see www.amstat.org/join or contact ASA Member Services at (888) 231-3473. American Statistical Association This column is written for those interested in learning about the world of Data 732 North Washington Street for Good, where statistical analysis is dedicated to good causes that benefit our Alexandria, VA 22314–1943 USA lives, our communities, and our world. If you would like to know more or have (703) 684–1221 ideas for articles, contact David Corliss at [email protected]. ASA GENERAL: [email protected] ADDRESS CHANGES: [email protected] 28 MASTER’S NOTEBOOK AMSTAT EDITORIAL: [email protected] To Get a PhD or Not to Get a PhD? Part 3 ADVERTISING: [email protected] WEBSITE: http://magazine.amstat.org This column is written for statisticians with master’s degrees and highlights areas Printed in USA © 2020 of employment that will benefit statisticians at the master’s level. Comments American Statistical Association and suggestions should be sent to Megan Murphy, Amstat News managing editor, at [email protected]. 29 STATtr@k Students Share Virtual Experiences, Tips for Handling Pandemic ® STATtr@k is a column in Amstat News and a website geared toward people The American Statistical Association is the world’s largest who are in a statistics program, recently graduated from a statistics program, community of statisticians. The ASA supports excellence in or recently entered the job world. To read more articles like this one, visit the the development, application, and dissemination of statistical website at http://stattrak.amstat.org. If you have suggestions for future articles, science through meetings, publications, membership services, or would like to submit an article, please email Megan Murphy, Amstat News education, accreditation, and advocacy. Our members serve in managing editor, at [email protected]. industry, government, and academia in more than 90 countries, advancing research and promoting sound statistical practice to inform public policy and improve human welfare. Happy Holidays departments

All of us at the ASA join in wishing you a wonderful 30 meetings holiday season and prosperous, healthy New Year! Virtual WSDS Maintains Connection Among Participants JSM 2021: Opportunities for Involvement Abound INSIDE Look for your 2021 calendar in the center of this issue. MY STORY

34 education 2021 Internships

® KEY 2021 DATES 021 CALENDARNOTABLE EVENTS 2 JUNE ASA OFFICE CLOSURES February 1 K–12 Project Competition submission deadline MARCH Black History Month 020, SAN DIEGO, January 1 New Year’s Day JANUARY 1 ASA Fellows nomination deadline Links Lecture Award deadline Martin Luther King Jr. Day March JSM 2021 topic-contributed, roundtable, and January 18 6 Edward C. Bryant Scholarship Trust Fund 2–5 SDSS 2021, St. Louis, Missouri Women’s History Month invited poster abstract submission opens application deadline February 15 Presidents’ Day ICES VI, New Orleans, Louisiana April 14 SDSS 2021 early registration and housing open Excellence in Statistical Reporting Award 14–17 May 31 Memorial Day nomination deadline JSM 2021 computer technology workshop Mathematics and Statistics 15 15 BIOP 2021 early registration and housing open July 5 Independence Day (Observed) proposal deadline Mentoring Award nomination deadline Awareness Month (US) CSP 2022 concurrent oral abstract Labor Day Gottfried E. Noether awards nomination Outstanding Statistical Application Award September 6 September 15 – October 15 submission deadline Thanksgiving deadline nomination deadline November 25 Hispanic Heritage Awareness Month COPSS Leadership Academy Award deadline Statistical Partnerships among Academe, Fall Holiday Industry, and Government (SPAIG) Award November 26 November 27 BIOP 2021 poster and roundtable abstract JULY Christmas Day (Observed) 21 nomination deadline ASA founded on this date in 1839 submission opens CSP 2022 poster abstract submission opens December 24 8 New Year’s Day (Observed) 10 SDSS 2021 lightning abstract submission December 31 ® deadline AUGUST 2020, PHILADELPHIA, FEBRUARY 15 ASA Founders Award nomination deadline SDSS 2021 lightning abstract submission opens 7–12 JSM 2021, Seattle, Washington 1 Biopharmaceutical Section Scholarship Award Data for Good Karl E. Peace Award for Outstanding Statistical application deadline 14 WSDS 2021 regular registration opens Contributions for the Betterment of Society MEETINGS JSM 2021 contributed abstract submission opensMYCSP 2022 poster abstract submission deadline STORY nomination deadline 16 19 DAVID CORLISS Causality in Statistics Education Award BIOP: ASA Biopharmaceutical Section JSM 2021 topic-contributed, roundtable, and 2 nomination deadline Regulatory-Industry Statistics Workshop invited poster abstract submission deadline SEPTEMBER BIOP 2021 roundtable abstract submission Health Policy Statistics Section Achievement MY ICES VI early registration and housing open 30 15 CSP: Conference on Statistical Practice My ASA story has been filled 10 deadline Awards nomination deadline WSDS 2021 concurrent, panel, and poster Everyone loves a good story, which is why we’re thrilled to launch a 11 ICES VI: International Conference on Establishment Statisticswith collaborations with so abstract submission opens 21–23 Biopharm Workshop 2021, APRIL series featuringBethesda, Maryland ASA members who share theirs.JSM: Be Joint inspired Statistical by Meetings their 15 W. J. Dixon Award for Excellence in Statistical many wonderful, talented, and Consulting nomination deadline 1 K–12 Poster Competition submission deadline Symposium on Data Science & Statistics diverse30 JSMexperiences, 2022 continuing education meaningful course proposal connections, SDSS:and the personal and Harry V. Roberts Statistical Advocate of the Government Statistics Section Wray Jackson submission closes giving people dedicated to Year Award nomination deadline Smith Scholarship deadline professional rewards derived from their engagementWSDS: Women with thein Statistics ASA. and Data Science Conference CSP 2022 early registration and housing open Samuel S. Wilks Memorial Award JSM 2021 meeting and event request using our shared talents to do nomination deadline submission deadline Our mission is to collect authentic and meaningfulFor information accounts aboutof most of these events, visit Waller awards nomination deadline WSDS 2021 concurrent, panel, and poster OCTOBER www.amstat.org . STORY ASA: the most good Get involved in JSM 2021! abstract submission deadline W. J. Youden Award in Interlaboratory Testing member7–9 WSDS experiences. 2021, Pittsburgh, If Pennsylvania you have a story you would like to share, nomination deadline CSP 2022 short course and tutorial proposal ASA Meetings: www.amstat.org/asa/meetings submission opens email the ASA’s marketing and communications coordinator, Kim 15 Lester R. Curtin Award nomination deadline ASA Awards: www.amstat.org/ASA/Your-Career/Awards-and-Recognition 17–19 CSP 2021 Virtual Conference 8 SDSS 2021 regular registration opens Gilliam, Lingzi Lu Memorial at [email protected]. Award nomination deadline ASA Education: www.amstat.org/asa/education 20 Statistics in Physical Engineering202 Sciences 14 JSM 2021 contributed abstract submission Deming Lecture Award nomination deadline Award nomination deadline deadline Find out how on Page 32. 22 JSM 2021 meeting and event request BIOP 2021 poster abstract submission deadline DECEMBER Educator submission opens BIOP 2021 invited abstract submission opens 16 Student paper competition/travel award—to Gertrude M. Cox Scholarship 15 23 attend JSM—deadline SHARON HESSNEY application deadline DISCLAIMER MAY Dean The ASA is closely monitoring the spread of COVID-19 and its implications for our 3 JSM 2021 registration and housing open SASTRY PANTULA conferences, meetings, and workshops. Please continue to [email protected] to deadlines and check. 6 CSP 2022 short course and tutorial proposal Being a member of the ASA submission deadline My advice to eventyoung websites often for updates. Questions may be sent to 7 ICES VI regular registration opens makes me feel like more 13 CSP 2022 concurrent oral abstract submission opens statisticians is to engage than “just a high- 20 BIOP 2021 invited abstract submission deadline 27 WSDS 2021 early registration and housing open with the ASA early school math teacher.” and often.

Retired Member KATHERINE MONTI LIZ STUART Professor & Associate Dean What’s been most rewarding I felt like I was being about my involvement? member news welcomed into the world So many stories! So of statistics. little space! 41 Awards and Deadlines 43 PeopleMY News 44 SectionSTORY • Chapter • Committee News 45 Professional Opportunities

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2 amstat news december 2020 president's corner What a Year It Has Been!

he original plan for my last president’s col- we were able to have this conversation in the midst umn was to provide a recap of my presiden- of the virtual learning required by the pandemic. You tial year, assuming it would be business as can listen to the podcast at https://bit.ly/36NxI42. Tusual for an ASA president. Needless to say, this has not been a typical year for any of us. While there Number 7: Opportunity to Serve have been plenty of challenges, I am grateful for the on the ASA COVID-19 Task Force opportunity to be your president and end this year Although my colleagues on the ASA Board with renewed appreciation of our community. In deserve the credit for their substantive contribu- the spirit of “end of the year” lists, and in no par- tions, it was a privilege to serve with them. The ticular order, I want to share my top 10 with you. board supported the creation of the COVID-19 And you should know it was a challenge to keep the community and many of you shared your research list to 10 because there were so many highlights. and resources on the community, as well as during webinars and workshops. Number 10: Opportunity to Be the Keynote Speaker at CSP 2020 Number 6: Opportunity to Collaborate with Colleagues on the Presidential The Conference on Statistical Practice is one I really Wendy Martinez enjoy attending every year. I had the opportunity Initiatives to talk about data ethics, which is one of the criti- Not only have I learned a lot while working on cal topics for our community (IMHO). This was the initiatives, I now have a deeper respect for the also the topic of my May Amstat News column (see energy, talent, and spirit of my colleagues. I am https://bit.ly/3pC9GBR). looking forward to working with my LGBTQ+ and K–6 friends in the coming year, especially as Number 9: Opportunity to Connect we work together on 2021 President Rob Santos’ with the International Community initiatives to build community. of Statisticians, Biostatisticians, and Data Scientists Number 5: Opportunity to Although travel was restricted in 2020, I did have Learn About the Amazing Work the opportunity to spread my wings in the begin- Accomplished by the Committees ning of the year. I was honored to attend the 2nd That Make Up the Various Councils International Conference on Applied Statistics, Associations like ours depend on volunteers just which was held at the University of Dhaka Institute like you, and I thank all of you for serving. Most of Statistical Research and Training in Bangladesh, of the ASA committees are organized under four where I gave a keynote talk. This was followed by a councils: Awards, Education, Membership, and visit to City University of Hong Kong and Tokyo, Professional Issues and Visibility. Not only was I Japan. There, I met with the director-general of the able to appoint members to committees during my Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Hiroe Tsubaki, year as president-elect, but I participated in several and the president of the Japan Statistical Society, of their events in 2020. Two of my favorites were Shigeru Kawasaki. I will continue to make interna- the Meeting Within a Meeting for teachers and tional outreach an important part of my service to StatFest, where I participated in a panel on oppor- the community in the coming years. tunities in statistics and data science. Number 8: Opportunity to Interact Number 4: Opportunity to Work with Kids with the ASA Staff Contributing to education in statistics and data sci- My year as president has confirmed what I already ence is an essential responsibility of our profession. knew—our association is well served by the profes- Education has been a strategic goal of the ASA for a sional staff. All staff are appreciated, as they have long time, and our focus in 2020 was on statistical worked hard this year dealing with the many chal- and data science education in the early years (5–11 lenges we faced. However, I especially want to thank years of age). One of my fondest memories of this our executive director, Ron Wasserstein, who has year was the opportunity I had to chat with two been keeping the ASA ship on course. And I cannot middle-schoolers in a Stats + Stories podcast. It is a thank Donna LaLonde enough. She is not only a testament to our strong community relationships that colleague, but also a close friend.

december 2020 amstat news 3 A Global JSM 2020 Thank you to the audience members around the world who provided their location during the talk! This map shows the locations of the 266 who responded to the request. See https://bit.ly/38Z1qps for the map and more.

Number 3: Opportunity to Choose the profession! It was a challenge for our ASA meet- JSM Theme ings staff, presenters, exhibitors, and attendees to One of the first tasks I had as the 2020 ASA presi- change from an in-person conference to a virtual dent was to choose the JSM 2020 theme. JSM is one. Everyone stepped up and made it happen, one of the premier events for our profession, and however. It was particularly exciting to be able to the JSM theme is important because it can have an meet virtually with statisticians and data scientists impact on the content of the meetings. I had a lot of from around the world. The map included here fun coming up with a theme with the help of JSM shows the locations of viewers of my president’s Program Chair David Banks and the ASA Meetings talk. Although I was nervous, I enjoyed sharing Department staff. my thoughts with you! In case you missed it, you My very next JSM-related task was to select the can view the recorded plenary sessions at https:// President’s Invited Speaker. Erica Groshen gave a bit.ly/32SZaMC. wonderful talk highlighting the essential role of federal statistics. This led to a World Statistics Day cele- Number 1: Opportunity to Serve bration that took place on October 20 (https://world- During a Challenging Time statisticsday.org). We had several wonderful panelists I have benefitted substantially from the ASA and discussants from around the world who con- community. I am grateful to have had opportu- tinued the conversation Erica started at JSM. The nities to give back in small ways. I know all of Harvard Data Science Review (https://bit.ly/3lJr9pM) you are also supporting our profession, our com- is planning a special publication with papers written munities, and our families … so thank you. I by the panelists. In case you missed it, you can view truly am looking forward to the next part of my the celebration at https://youtu.be/3rAZS3I3Vh8. ASA journey. It has been an honor to serve as the president of the ASA. Number 2: Opportunity to Come Together with My Colleagues at the Virtual JSM It is definitely a highlight of my year to learn more about the great work we are doing in our

4 amstat news december 2020 Nominate a Colleague for ASA Leadership Position

ominations are being sought for ASA/AAAS Mass ASA president-elect and vice president candidates for the 2022 elec- Ntion. While the 2021 elections have yet to Media Fellowship be held, the Committee on Nominations needs time to evaluate recommendations to propose the best possible slate of candidates Applications Open for these critical positions. As a member of the ASA, you recognize pplications for the ASA/ the importance of leadership in our diverse, AAAS Mass Media Past ASA/AAAS Mass complex, and multidisciplinary field. You and Fellowship will be accept- Media Fellows all fellow ASA members deserve visionary Aed until January 1, 2021. leaders who can ensure our discipline has a 2020: Jess Craig, NPR, Successful candidates will spend https://bit.ly/2UfuzV7 voice at the table when appropriate, whether 10 weeks next summer working it be in academe; research firms; federal, state, with journalists at a TV, radio, 2019: Diana Cai, STAT or local government; or nonprofit organiza- magazine, or newspaper outlet News, https://bit. tions. This is why we need your input. putting their statistics skills to use. ly/32CvPWS For this election cycle, the president-elect “One of 2018: Irineo Cabreros, will be selected from industry and the vice the most valu- MORE ONLINE president will be selected from government. Read about Slate, https://bit. able aspects of Think about your colleagues and associates the ASA ly/2UkW2oq this work was sponsorship of who are members of the ASA and would that, in writing this fellowship 2017: Nick Thieme, Slate, make good candidates for these positions. about statistics, at https://bit. https://bit.ly/2JUcGJj Think about members who have helped run I became intro- ly/3pmMPdx. a conference or are active in your section or spective about chapter. Then, nominate your choices for my own academic research,” scientific topics in clear and engag- the 2023 president-elect and vice president wrote Irineo Cabreros, a 2018 ing ways, better understand how by emailing [email protected]. mass media fellow. “My experi- the media covers science, and build Supply as much information about your ence this summer hooked me. I a professional network of scientists nominee as possible to assist the committee left Slate flush with inspiration and journalists. In its 45-year his- in researching each candidate thoroughly for future projects and hungry to tory, the program has supported and discretely. keep going. I began the summer more than 700 fellows. The deadline for nominations is February as a dabbler in science communi- Learn more about being a 1, 2021. cation. Now, I don’t think I can AAAS Mass Media Fellow at imagine a future without journal- https://bit.ly/3eUaCMU. ism being part of it.” To apply, visit https://bit. Statistics Communication and Embedded in media outlets, ly/35mTWdM. Questions may Media Innovation Regina Nuzzo fellows learn how to communicate be sent to ASA Senior Advisor for at [email protected]. n

december 2020 amstat news 5 CHANCE HIGHLIGHTS Special Issue Illustrates Importance of Data Privacy

Amanda Peterson-Plunkett, CHANCE Executive Editor

n 2006, Netflix hosted a data competition aimed at improving their movie recommenda- tionI system. The winners were awarded $1 million in 2009 for a model that offered more than 10 percent improvement over the company’s own recommendation model. Netflix planned to host a follow-up competition but reversed the deci- Amanda sion in 2010 after a class-action law- Peterson-Plunkett suit (Doe v. Netflix) was filed against them alleging privacy law violations MORE ONLINE concerning the data set publicized Read the article by Arvind Narayanan for the original competition. and Vitaly Shmatikov Two years earlier in 2008, research- about Netflix’s ers at The University of Texas at privacy issues at Austin, Arvind Narayanan and Vitaly State University, associate editor of the Annals https://bit.ly/3pnkBiu. Shmatikov, showed that it was possible to identi- of Applied Statistics and Journal of Privacy and fy specific customers in the competition data set Confidentiality, and co-editor of CHANCE’s O (suggesting even political and religious affiliations Privacy, Where Art Thou? column. could be determined), even though Netflix had In columns, we turn to teaching and sports. performed a form of cursory anonymization. In the Teaching Statistics in the Health Sciences The Netflix example illustrates the importance column, Erin Blankenship and Ella Burnham of preserving confidentiality when sharing data share their online teaching experiences, a sets. In the most recent issue of CHANCE, a spe- topic many teachers can relate to during the cial issue, authors focus on statistical data privacy COVID-19 pandemic. In Taking a Chance in and confidentiality. The issue also features three the Classroom, Evangeline Reynolds explains guest editors: how to create engaging assignments using flip- Saki Kinney, senior research statistician at RTI books, demonstrating the method using the R International flipbookr package. Finally, in Beyond the Box Fang Liu, professor and director of graduate Score, Christopher Bilder discusses the flagstick studies in applied and computational mathemat- dilemma in golf: whether to leave the flag in or ics and statistics at the University of Notre Dame, out of the hole. senior editorial board member for BMC Medical As an ASA member, you can view the online Research Methodology, and co-editor of CHANCE’s version of CHANCE for free by logging into O Privacy, Where Art Thou? column your ASA account at www.amstat.org and looking Aleksandra Slavkovic, professor of statistics under My Publications. with appointments in the departments of statis- Would you like to write an article for tics and public health sciences and the Institute CHANCE? Submission instructions and writing for Computational and Data Sciences at Penn tips can be found at https://bit.ly/3plYBob. n

6 amstat news december 2020 Nominations Sought for Giving Day 2020 JABES Editor Raises Nearly $69,000 Amanda Malloy, ASA Director of Development he International Biometric The ASA is a strong community of Society and American caring individuals. This was evident Statistical Association on October 2—ASA Giving Day— Tinvite nominations for editor of when members posted messages of the Journal of Agricultural, hope and encouragement, signed Biological, and Environmental up to volunteer, and donated Statistics (JABES). nearly $69,000 in support JABES publishes articles of of ASA programs. immediate and practical value to applied researchers and sta- ASA Giving Day tistical consultants in the agri- Chapter Challenge cultural sciences, biological Winners sciences (including biotechnol- Region 1 – Washington ogy), and environmental scienc- Statistical Society es (including those dealing with natural resources). Region 2 – Chicago Chapter JABES is published quarterly Region 3 – San Francisco Bay ASA will continue to provide teachers by Springer in March, June, Area Chapter innovative resources to engage their September, and December. students, help the public better under- The editor reviews new submis- ASA Giving Day University stand the data that surrounds them, sions and sends selected papers Challenge Winner advocate for sound policymaking, and to associate editors, who also cultivate future leaders in statistics and review the papers and either Kansas State University data science. send a response to the editor Thanks to the generosity and volun- To learn more about what donations or the paper to referees for in- teer service of so many members, the can do, visit www.amstat.org/giving. depth reviews. Springer’s editorial tracking system is used for online submissions and the peer review process. Funds are provided for editorial staff support organizing the JABES Showcase encouraged to apply and will be and office supplies. session at the IBC and JSM, and given equal consideration irre- The editor also works with reporting to the IBS Executive spective of race, gender identity Springer’s production editor to Board on impact factors and or expression, age, or nationality. create each issue and ensure time- other issues of importance. Nominations should be sent ly production and publication. The next editor will serve to [email protected] JABES receives approximately a three-year term, from 2022 no later than January 15, 2021. 220 submissions a year. through 2025, with the transition Once received, nominations will Additional duties of the edi- beginning in 2021. be presented to the chair of the tor include writing a quarterly JABES is committed to build- JABES Management Committee report for the IBS Biometric ing diversity in leadership posi- for further consideration. Bulletin, overseeing the selec- tions in our discipline and, as Interested individuals are encour- tion of best papers in JABES, such, all qualified applicants are aged to nominate themselves. n

december 2020 amstat news 7 An Interview with Margaret Gamalo, Editor of JBS

extrapolation needs to be a default strategy in pediatric drug development. Gamalo is also an active member of the European Forum for Good Clinical Practice – Children’s Medicine Working Party, working to establish decision criteria for the inclusion of ado- lescents in adult research. In the statistics profession, Gamalo is a member of the executive committee of the Biopharmaceutical Section and has served in multiple administrative and scientific capacities within the section since 2014. She enjoys writing and mentors a group of statisticians in research activities on topics related to Bayesian methods, evidence synthesis, causal estimation for RWD/RWE, and policy-oriented work on pediatric drug development. BIOP Report: Congratulations on your recent appointment as the editor-in-chief of the Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics (JBS). What is your vision on its mission, history, and current status? MG: The Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics (JBS) has been around for about three decades. It started back in the early 1990s and, since that time, you can Margaret Gamalo was recently appointed as the editor in chief of the Journal see how the industry has evolved over the years told of Biopharmaceutical Statistics (JBS). through the collective perspective of statisticians. It is fascinating to study the progression of scientific Yodit Seifu, Victoria Chang, and Junjing Lin, research published in the journal reflecting both the ASA Biopharmaceutical Section scientific and evolving landscape of drug development. For example, the first two decades exhibited argaret (Meg) Gamalo is senior director statistical issues ranging from proper use of one-sid- – biostatistics, global product developed vs. two-sided tests in hypothesis testing, appropri- ment – inflammation and immunology ate analysis for stability and expiry, bioequivalence, atM Pfizer Innovative Health. She combines expertise noninferiority and superiority, subgroups and mul- in biostatistics, regulatory, and adult and pediatric ticenter trials, interim analysis and adaptive designs, drug development. Previously, she was a research multiplicity, linear models analysis of endpoints, adviser of global statistical sciences at Eli Lilly, meta-analysis, among others for which the journal where she helped secure the approval of baricitinib has provided the stage for consensus and application. as the first modern treatment for atopic dermatitis Since then, the journal has seen a transformation and position baricitinib as a first-in-indication in scientific topics influenced by shifts in research treatment for alopecia areata. Gamalo also helped and development and the growing number of stake- in the clinical trials for baricitinib as a treatment for holders. For example, a big trend has been the move COVID-19. to a more patient-centric health care model, closely Prior to working at Lilly, Gamalo was a math- followed by the impact that technology has on all ematical statistician for the Center for Drug areas of the life sciences and the changing business Evaluation and Research at the US Food and models. Most recently, many of the published manu- Drug Administration supporting regulatory scripts revolve on topics such as efficient trial designs, reviews of drugs in the infectious diseases and including the use of external data, estimation and ophthalmology therapeutic areas. She is an expert uncertainty for go-no-go decisions, finding optimal in pediatric extrapolation and leads the Pediatric individualized treatment rules or biomarker-guided Innovation Task Force at the Biotechnology treatments, treatment heterogeneity, and consider- Innovation Organization. On this task force, ations for regional and payer evaluation of multi- she heads a cross-functional think tank on why regional clinical trials, among others. Some proposed

8 amstat news december 2020 An Interview with Margaret Gamalo, Editor of JBS solutions apply an agile, iterative test-and-learn worth the humble reasoning of a single individual,” approach, rather than running long and expensive we all know science is also strengthened through con- development processes to concoct the perfect solu- stant validation—the reproducibility of results, the tion. Other solutions often require modern tech- conduct of peer-reviewed, open literature research. nological innovation such as artificial intelligence Hence, the existence of other journals is also essential (AI) and machine learning (ML), which provide for quality scientific and statistical research. significant opportunities to enhance drug discovery, Furthermore, science and statistics moves and clinical development, and commercialization. grows with collaboration. There is more and more to When I wrote my editorial in December 2019 in know in the world, and one can only have so much time for the first issue under my editorship, I pon- in our heads. In fact, the share of stuff we know dered the role of scientific publishing in an evolv- as individuals is declining in any field. Inevitably, ing industry. I realized that while our problems and we need to collaborate as most research problems insights today are much different from when the require multiple kinds of expertise. journal was first envisioned, not much has changed in Collaboration in science and statistics is good for terms of its vision and mission. The journal remains making bold advances (i.e., innovation). Interaction committed to the principle that better education of with people with different perspectives or approach- statisticians enables informed debate and decision- es prevents us from getting tunnel vision. Hence, making about the valid application of new meth- one objective in scientific publishing should be to odologies and aids in addressing misuse of statistical collectively grow the biopharmaceutical statistics concepts (e.g., p-values) for scientific discoveries. field together through a feedback loop of continu- The journal will continue to strive to achieve ous scientific and statistical innovation. excellence by publishing articles that present impor- Of note, innovation is key because it is multi- tant new advances in an everchanging field of sta- plicative, meaning that the same input generates tistics within the pharmaceutical industry. JBS will greater output far beyond the biopharmaceutical MORE ONLINE always be a platform for education and dissemina- statistics field. The real problem, then, in scien- To read the entire tion of statistical research and innovation, a reposi- tific publication is sustaining statistical innovation, fall issue of the tory for statistical solutions and choices, and a forum which I believe is anchored on drivers of innovation Biopharm Report, for scientific opinion on issues impacting methodol- (i.e., problems, constraints, and opportunities). visit https://bit. ly/35p44my. ogy and applications in the pharmaceutical industry. While the biopharmaceutical industry may be a mature field with established and highly regulated BIOP Report: There are several statistical journals scientific and statistical problems, our problems can with a focus on statistics issues in drug develop- be unique given the interface of different stakehold- ment and many more with a broad focus on medi- ers (e.g., payor, regulator, patients, physicians, phar- cal statistics and biostatistics. In your mind, what maceutical companies). Capitalizing on this unique- are the competing journals for JBS? What is your ness to formulate innovative scientific and statistical view on the relationship between JBS and these solutions could have far-reaching implications on competing journals? What kind of journal would other fields. you like to see JBS become in the next few years? With this paradigm in mind, the journal will MG: There are two ways of thinking about the exis- strive to promote multidisciplinary collabora- tence of other journals (i.e., whether to look at them tive research as a logical response to the expanse as competitors or whether their existence comple- and pace of scientific revolution and transforma- ments the journal and enlarges the collective influ- tion of the field. Not one discipline will be able ence of statistics in the biopharmaceutical industry to integrate all aspects of any problem or issue of by broadening readership and impact of scientific interest alone with proper applicability and suf- publication). I prefer the latter, embracing the per- ficient viability or competitiveness across a multi- spective of abundance (i.e., there is an abundance of stake holder industry. Increased focus on statisti- scientific thought and research material for every- cal research that has good cross-functional appeal one). This, I think, is the better long-term strategy apart from just pure statistical interest is impor- for scientific publication and consistent with how tant. The journal believes that effective science is science has evolved throughout history. achieved not just by one discipline, but by the col- While Galileo Galilei may have stated, “In ques- laborative and multidisciplinary effort within the tions of science, the authority of a thousand is not entire biopharmaceutical field.

december 2020 amstat news 9 Another initiative we are accessing currently is to Science and statistics will not meet harness the power of the crowd by highlighting key innovations or discussions in social media. I think its potential until the research culture as a leader in scientific publication, we need to be more proactive in disseminating information than enables and supports contributors from merely passive repositories of scientific thinking brought to use through a Google search. It is esti- mated that ~68% of Americans get their news from all backgrounds and circumstances and social media (see https://pewrsr.ch/3pitBpb). The ease of use of social media platforms for contributions of all kinds based on the communicating and disseminating information also makes them attractive to scientists. Furthermore, I believe social media gives us the opportunity to interests, skills, and resources available. engage directly with a wide range of audiences and helps us understand our readers. Within the next five years, we have several other initiatives planned, as well (e.g., partnering with a BIOP Report: What are the new measures you are statistics professional organization on proceedings or taking to continue improving the quality and vis- narrowing the proceedings on hot topics or break- ibility of the journal and make it truly impactful? throughs). There will be a few more changes along the way as we try to think about what the role of scientific MG: One of the initiatives I instituted when I publishing in a personalized information age means. assumed the role of editor-in-chief was to ensure How can we adapt to that environment and perhaps diversity in the editorial board. We have increased influence it as well, particularly in biopharmaceutical the number of women associate editors (AEs), and statistics? I am open to suggestions, and anyone is free currently there is a diverse pool of AEs representing to reach out with ideas on how we can improve. pharmaceutical companies, academia, and regulatory agencies from various geographies. I realized BIOP Report: JBS has successfully published that a journal relies on multiple and varied voices several special issues in the past and attracted having a wide range of experiences. In fact, a diverse much attention. Do you plan to publish more and inclusive editorial board brings the different special issues in the coming years, and what are perspectives a journal needs to ensure quality and the topics of these special issues? unleash value-driving insights, methods, and prac- MG: We recently launched a call for papers for tices. Another consequence of a diverse pool of AEs special issues on real-world data/evidence (RWD/ is having a network to a broader pool of peer review- RWE) and in the implementation of estimands in ers who are much more engaged. clinical research. RWD/RWE is a growing area that We screen papers for appropriateness to be pub- still requires thought and consensus on how it can lished in the journal (i.e., papers that fit the aims be applied, given the range of possibilities. In the and goal of the journal). We identify novel meth- future, there will be a blurring of how evidence of ods and applications and aspire to ensure relevance effectiveness of investigational new drugs will be of topics while maintaining scientific integrity. We established. Moreover, this field will continue to also plan special issues to address questions or bring grow in the next decade, finding interconnections up more discussion about new and hot topics and with clinical trials, clinical practice through elec- weave manuscripts coherently through different tronic health records, and digital health. viewpoints or perspectives. Estimands, on the other hand, is a complex Finally, we rely on our reviewers to provide qual- issue that is quite difficult to explore upfront and ity scientific and statistical reviews. implement in the planning stage of a clinical trial. Diversity and inclusion must happen, even in However, currently, it is changing the way we scientific publishing. Science and statistics will not design trials, write the objectives, collect the data, meet its potential until the research culture enables conduct the trial, and perform analysis because and supports contributors from all backgrounds the framework requires us to be more unambigu- and circumstances and contributions of all kinds ous about the questions we would like to answer. based on the interests, skills, and resources avail- The complexity is also due to the presence of mul- able. Failure to achieve diversity and inclusion of tiple scientific questions of interest about relevant all stakeholders in science and statistics will slow treatment effects, interpretation of study results, progress in discovery and translation of knowledge and added value of drugs to different stakeholders to solving humanity’s most pressing problems. (i.e., regulatory, prescribers, patients, and payers).

10 amstat news december 2020 Our guest editors are busy connecting with key scientific leaders in this field, as well as disseminat- Biopharmaceutical Report Focuses on ing the effort through different social media ven- Statistical Issues in COVID-19 Trials ues. What we believe to be important is to have a balanced and informative issue that will serve as a The Biopharmaceutical Report editorial team invited definitive reference for these topics to many scien- authors from government, industry, and academia to tists and statisticians in our field. write articles about their perspectives on the impact For these special issues, the reviews will be of COVID-19 on clinical trials, particularly the statistical rolling (i.e., once the reviews are completed, the issues involved in designing new COVID-19 trials. The accepted manuscript will be posted on the webpage 2020 fall issue includes these articles. right away for access). Once a sufficient number of manuscripts is collected and reviewed, we will close Steve Wolf of Duke University, Peter Mesenbrink of the issue and publish it in print. I urge those who Novartis, Herbert Pang of Genentech, and Xiaofei are interested to reach out to Junjing Lin (Takeda), Wang of Duke University report a survey of COVID-19– Helen Qi (Bristol Myers Squibb), Yodit Seifu related clinical trials based on the data extracted from (Merck), or Bill Wang (Merck). Clinicaltrials.gov as of early October 2020. The article sets We will also launch another special issue on the stage for discussion about the status of and possible pediatrics very soon. Of note, the majority of the future design and statistical analysis issues in developing investigational drugs being studied in adults will a safe and effective vaccine and treatments for COVID-19. [be studied in] pediatric patients, as well—either through a requirement or in pursuit of an incen- Zachary McCaw of Google, Lu Tian of Stanford, and Lee- tive. The challenges of running trials in children are Jen Wei of Harvard summarize recent work about how to accelerating efforts in innovative trial design and quantify treatment effect and competing risk in COVID-19 analysis. We hope this special issue will provide a clinical trials. simple but comprehensive guide for statisticians/ clinical research scientists to determine the extent of Peter Mesenbrink of Novartis shares his experience development in a pediatric trial in accordance with designing several COVID-19 trials. the principles of extrapolation and how these tri- Mitchell Thomann, Michael Durante, and Paul Berg of Eli als can be streamlined to be as lean as possible to Lilly write about simulation studies they conducted to ensure they provide the maximum information with gain insight into choosing optimal study endpoints in a the minimum number of pediatric patients exposed proof-of-concept trial. to research risk. We are trying to have this special issue coincide Sheng Feng, Amanda Shield, and Andy Wilson of Parexel with a global virtual workshop on extrapolation in contribute a short article about the challenges and pediatric drug development. This workshop and possible solutions of conducting real-world evidence subsequent special is still in the planning stages, but studies on COVID-19 treatment. will focus on statisticians’ and clinicians’ experiences in pediatric drug development. An article by Yongming Qu and Ilya Lipkovich of Eli Lilly provides a comprehensive review of estimands and BIOP Report: As far as we know, many statistical estimation of treatment effect of clinical trials during journals are facing challenges in finding highly COVID-19 in the context of ICH E9. qualified reviewers to complete reviews in a short timeframe—say one and a half months. What In this issue, there is also an interview with do you think JBS can do to address issues such as Margaret Gamalo, the new editor for the Journal of delayed manuscript review? Biopharmaceutical Statistics, and a summary report from MG: Indeed, this is a big problem in scientific Statistical Methods in Oncology Scientific Working Group publishing. Our managing editor, Victoria Chang on type I error considerations in master protocols. (BeiGene), has been excellent in reminding AEs View the latest issue of the Biopharmaceutical Report at when the reviews are needed. We have been able to https://bit.ly/35p44my. manage asking the reviewers to actively turn in their reviews. Of course, there are some review slips here and there as this is all voluntary work. For special issues, we ask the guest editors to have their own have plans to expand our editorial board with folks system of ensuring expedient reviews by having a from the European Union and Asia. In fact, if you standby review committee. have an interest in serving as an AE and you have As I have mentioned earlier, having a diverse set the passion to provide service to biopharmaceutical of associate editors has been very helpful. We still statistics and the society, please reach out to us.

december 2020 amstat news 11 We also encourage young scientists to take part Brilliant statisticians may sometimes be dis- in this endeavor actively. It does not require that one suaded by writing not because they do not know must be well experienced to serve as a reviewer. I how to write but by not trying. We are our own think the major criteria to be a good reviewer are limit. We need to believe that something different curiosity, critical thinking, and the ability to ask can happen in order to break old patterns, and we good questions. can choose that new outlook at any time. Part of I am aware that many of us will say we are eye- being an effective statistician is not only to develop balls deep with work. On the other hand, I argue or apply sophisticated numerical calculations, but that we need to take care of ourselves, as well. One also being an effective communicator in writing way of doing that is ensuring we retain our scientific and in speaking. and statistical thinking and keeping up to date on innovation and new statistical techniques. I always BIOP Report: As we know, you had extensive working am reminded that we may need to keep learning if experience in government and the pharmaceutical we want to be relevant and as we live longer. Perhaps industry. What is the impact of this unique experi- Mahatma Gandhi was right in saying that we need ence on your perspectives on the role of statistics to “learn as if you were to live forever.” and statisticians in clinical trials research? MG: I learned the principles of drug development BIOP Report: Do you have any advice for the statisti- at the FDA, and I learned how to apply them while cians who would like to submit manuscripts to JBS? understanding the challenges of drug development MG: My general advice to all statisticians, and not in industry. I realized many of the regulations in just to those who would like to submit manuscripts, clinical trials are common sense and centered on is be curious and tell a good story. Most breakthrough ensuring the safety of patients. Having reviewed discoveries started with curiosity—the impulse to seek hundreds of investigational new drugs (INDs) and new information and experiences and explore novel new drug applications (NDAs), what is the right possibilities. Curiosity is beneficial for all because it thing to do is sometimes very easy to spot because cultivates many levels, whether it is one’s organization it is rational. I can also see the difficulty with imple- or, more broadly, the society. In fact, curiosity helps menting mitigations from the industry side for society make better decisions. When we are curious, some of the concerns raised by regulatory agencies. we think deeply and rationally about decisions and I learned to assess what is ideal and what is appli- come up with more creative solutions. cable. In the case of the latter, there is no perfect Curiosity does not necessarily have to result in a solution most of the time, but the quality of the monumental breakthrough, and certainly publish- medicinal product and patient safety are para- ing in a scientific journal does not necessarily mean mount. Hence, when I think about my job respon- only novel solutions are entertained. Science moves sibilities and the role of a statistician in the biophar- by increments, not by leaps and bounds. Sometimes, maceutical industry, it may just be encapsulated by the insight to the problem is enough. the provisions of Title 21 of the Code of Federal What I also see as a problem is that there are Regulations, which is consistent with ensuring good times when statisticians hold back on their ideas, clinical practice. Of note, good clinical practice rec- fearing that they may be too obvious. I think great ognizes that protecting data integrity is part and ideas may sometimes seem obvious because the parcel of ensuring safety of patients. solution has all the parts of the question lining up More broadly, I think statisticians need to be and shedding light on a solution. Therefore, ‘obvi- involved as key decision-makers. When we can ous’ answers are not visible to most people, partly understand and interpret data correctly, our ability because most people are not thinking about the to identify crucial areas requiring attention in drug question. Ideas only come to those who recognize development are enhanced and our proposals for a problem and look for innovative solutions. I posit mitigating these key areas are likely to respond to that even Einstein could possibly not find a solution the needs of our organization or the industry. In an if he had the wrong question. age where data is essential for making big decisions, Inside every scientific discovery, there is a good whether in business or government, statisticians story. I think it is important to share that story, as I need to be at the table so we can assist and encour- am sure there are a lot of insights that went through age informed decision-making. (e.g., how the problem came about, why it is an However, this also entails that we need to important problem to pursue, how the solution was be able to communicate in the language that is discovered, why other solutions failed). These expe- understandable by nonstatisticians. Statisticians riences are actually very informative and could help may need to be comfortable communicating many researchers out there know or understand about the problem not just in terms of numbers. what works and what does not. We need to understand the whole problem and

12 amstat news december 2020 not just numerical ramifications (e.g., scientific, clinical, regulatory, payor, etc.) Having a holistic My general advice to all statisticians, view is what we need, so we can provide more valuable and insightful feedback. and not just to those who would like My experience on both sides of the industry (regulatory and pharma) has also shaped my col- to submit manuscripts, is be curious laboration with many statisticians in the industry. I have been more discerning on what topics are most impactful, and so I think statisticians need to influ- and tell a good story. ence scientific thinking and progress in the biopharmaceutical industry. Particularly, I learned how to think big, start small, and learn fast—our role in the industry is to have a broad vision while being mind- Consistent with the spirit of collaboration I ful of how we act on it. mentioned previously, I decided not to go with For more than five years, I have been using a another special issue on COVID-19 in JBS great deal of Bayesian methodology. However, I because it would then be in competition with realized that most sample sizes are driven by the the SBR effort. Instead, any COVID-19–related number of exposures needed to have sufficient data research identified as helpful to the scientific com- to establish safety. Hence the value of Bayesian munity or related research activities will be given methodology in terms of efficiency in late phases of priority and expedited review. This allows us to development may not be apparent to encourage a publish any research and findings with greater strong push for change. However, in areas of unmet speed and agility. need and in pediatrics, the use of Bayesian method- The main issue with developing drugs for ology is clear because of feasibility and because of COVID-19 is speed of innovation. However, many ethical principles of not having duplicative infor- of the tools for acceleration have been discussed mation to warrant translating conclusions from extensively in literature (e.g., adaptive design, data one population to another. That situation gave me sharing, etc.) What is lacking, from a statistical per- a better perspective to focus on what innovative spective, is on knowledge of appropriate endpoints advances can bring meaningful change in policy. in relation to patient population. Hence, COVID- In fact, most of these innovative methods have 19 disease progression models are needed to learn been expanded to applications of propensity scor- about how to conduct COVID-19 treatment clini- ing methods to augment clinical trials, particularly cal trials. Ensuring clinical trials have a common set in pediatrics, orphan diseases, and unmet medical of data that can help inform other development is need indications. So even in scientific research and also important. However, there is little data avail- policy, the words of Justice Ruth Bader-Ginsburg able to assess how this can impact speed of develop- reverberate: “Real change, enduring change, hap- ment. The best would be when data is already out pens one step at a time.” there, what can we learn from it so we can be better BIOP Report: The COVID-19 pandemic is having a prepared should there be another catastrophic event significant and long-lasting impact on how clini- of similar nature in the future? cal trials are conducted. Meanwhile, government, I do encourage statisticians to contribute to universities, and many pharmaceutical companies the scientific efforts for developing treatments for are working together to find vaccines and new COVID-19. I think it is a worthwhile endeavor treatments for this disease. Do you have a plan to and reminds us how interconnected we are. If we use the journal as a venue to promote the discus- do not collaborate, we will be in this situation for sion on challenging issues arising in clinical trial a long time. designs and analyses? I believe this is the best time for science and statistics. In fact, as I have mentioned previ- MG: Statistics in Biopharmaceutical Research ously, with uncertainty comes great innovation. (SBR) is already having a series of special issues on Problems and constraints are backdrops for oppor- the impact of COVID-19 on clinical trials and in tunity. As a cheery reminder, Sir Isaac Newton COVID-19–related research. Some of my friends produced an unbelievable number of exceptional and colleagues are already working hard on that results, including seminal experiments on the law area and I am amazed at the speed of coordina- of universal gravitation, while quarantined during tion and implementation. Two of the manuscripts the London plague of 1665–1666 (see https://bit. I have been involved in writing will be published ly/2IjhnMB), though I believe he must have been in that endeavor. curious and persistent even before that. n

december 2020 amstat news 13 IMSI: A New NSF-Funded Institute

he Institute for Mathematical and Statistical Innovation (IMSI) is a new Upcoming IMSI Workshops mathematical sciences research institute Tfunded by the National Science Foundation Mathematical and Computational (NSF). This institute is located at The University Materials Science (February 15–19), of Chicago and managed in partnership with https://bit.ly/3eRZOii Northwestern University, the University of Confronting Climate Change (March Illinois at Chicago, and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. It is the newest member 1–5), https://bit.ly/3kxtGly Kevin Corlette is a professor in the of the portfolio of institutes funded by the The Multifaceted Complexity of department of Division of Mathematical Sciences, joining the Machine Learning (April 12–16), mathematics at The American Institute of Mathematics (AIM), https://bit.ly/3nh4j9c University of Chicago School of Mathematics at the Institute for and the director of IMSI. Advanced Study (IAS), Institute for Topological Data Analysis (April 26–30), Douglas Simpson Computational and Experimental Research in https://bit.ly/2IyZitP is a professor in the Mathematics (ICERM), Institute for Pure and Verification, Validation, and department of statistics Applied Mathematics (IPAM), Mathematical Uncertainty Quantification Across and the Beckman Sciences Research Institute (MSRI), and Institute for Advanced Disciplines (May 10–14), Statistical and Applied Mathematical Sciences Science and Technology https://bit.ly/3eVshDP at the University of Institute (SAMSI). Illinois at Urbana- The mission of IMSI is to apply rigorous math- Decision Making in Health and Medical Champaign and is ematics and statistics to urgent, complex scientific Care: Modeling and Optimization (May associate director of IMSI. and societal problems and to spur transforma- 17–21), https://bit.ly/2IlZGvT Panagiotis Souganidis tional change in the mathematical sciences and is a professor in mathematical sciences community. Quantum Information for Mathematics, the department A distinctive feature of the new institute is the Economics, and Statistics (May 24–28), of mathematics organization of programs around longer-term sci- https://bit.ly/3eVaDjM and a member of entific themes in key areas of application, with the the Committee on Eliciting Structure in Genomics Data application areas driving new mathematics and Computational and (August 30 – September 3), Applied Mathematics statistics. The aim is to enable sustained, ongoing at The University of advances in both the substantive area and math- https://bit.ly/3kyQSjn Chicago. He is the ematical sciences. scientific adviser at IMSI. The ASA community is acutely aware that interactions with other disciplines have enriched and strengthened the core mathematical science the mathematical sciences are to thrive, they must disciplines. Furthermore, many are involved in do so as part of that wider enterprise. application areas that pose novel challenges to the While mathematical tools and insights have mathematical sciences. IMSI intends to accelerate always been crucial to research in other disci- progress on these problems by bringing together plines, their usefulness has been broadening and powerful teams of cross-disciplinary researchers intensifying. The National Academies’ report The for focused efforts to advance both the applica- Mathematical Sciences in 2025 noted the math- tion and our field. Participation of ASA members ematical sciences are becoming “an increasingly in IMSI programs will be crucial to success in integral and essential component of a growing these endeavors. array of areas of investigation” and went on to The focus on applications is driven by an argue that “the mathematical sciences have an understanding that the mathematical sciences are exciting opportunity to solidify their role as a woven inextricably into the fabric of the wider linchpin of twenty-first century research and tech- enterprise of research, science, and technology. If nology” through a transformation into a discipline

14 amstat news december 2020 with “much broader reach and greater potential While mathematical tools and impact.” IMSI aims to be a catalyst for this kind of transformation of the mathematical sciences. An important dimension of the potential insights have always been crucial impact of the mathematical sciences is its capacity to bring insight to challenges that arise, often to research in other disciplines, with urgency, for society. Examples include the problem of modeling the spread of COVID-19 their usefulness has been and its interactions with social distancing poli- cies, the economy, and various forms of infrastructure; the problem of modeling climate and broadening and intensifying. the effects of climate change on the conditions that make life on earth possible; and the power of ideas and techniques from artificial intelligence and machine learning to transform human society, both for good and ill. Scientific activity at IMSI will take a variety These are challenges in which the mathemati- of forms, including the following: cal sciences can make a difference and which, • Long programs, typically three months in in many cases, demand all hands on deck. length, which bring a large interdisciplin- Responding to these challenges is an essential ary group of researchers together for a part of realizing the full potential impact of the period of sustained focus on an area that mathematical sciences. It is also crucial to the seems ripe for progress health and diversity of the mathematical sciences MORE ONLINE community: We are less likely to attract new tal- • Workshops, either standalone or attached Visit the IMSI ent to the field if the field remains on the side- to a long program, of up to a week in website at www.imsi. length institute for more lines in the face of urgent challenges. information about This last point highlights another element • Interdisciplinary research clusters in the workshops, of the mission: the transformation of the math- which small interdisciplinary teams col- special events, ematical sciences community. The Mathematical laborate on promising projects and institute. Sciences in 2025 pointed to benefits that would accrue to the mathematical sciences if more of its • Research collaboration workshops in practitioners had an understanding of the general which teams of senior and junior researchers work on problems over several landscape of the mathematical sciences beyond months, with the work brought to com- their areas of expertise, the ability to communi- pletion in a concluding workshop cate and collaborate across disciplinary boundar- ies, a better understanding of the role of the math- These activities are expected to fall within the ematical sciences in other disciplines, and more scope of IMSI’s scientific themes, except for pos- experience with computation. IMSI aims to offer sibly standalone workshops, which can be used researchers opportunities to develop these quali- to explore a wider range of territory. ties more fully and thereby catalyze the develop- This year is a ramp-up year for IMSI, and the ment of a new breed of interdisciplinary mathe- research activity will primarily take the form of matical scientist through boot camps, internships, workshops. We expect to host (either virtually or research programs of various lengths, and training in person) eight workshops. in communication across disciplines. We plan to follow what we expect will be The long-term scientific themes will evolve a more typical schedule in 2021–2022 with over time, but only on relatively long timescales long programs—Distributed Solutions to of a decade or more. There are six initial themes Complex Societal Problems in the fall and for IMSI: climate science, data and information, Decision Making and Uncertainty in the spring. health and medical care, materials science, quan- Applications for participation in these programs, tum computing and information, and uncertain- as well as for associated tutorial programs in the ty quantification. summer of 2021, are open. n

december 2020 amstat news 15 MY STORY MY ASA STORY

® STORY

16 amstat news december 2020 veryone loves a good story, which is why we’re thrilled to launch a series featuring ASA members who share theirs. Be inspired by their Ediverse experiences, meaningful connections, and the personal and professional rewards derived from their engagement with the ASA. Our mission is to collect authentic and meaningful accounts of member experiences. If you have a story you would like to share, email the ASA’s marketing and communications coordinator, Kim Gilliam, at [email protected].

ELIZABETH MANNSHARDT Statistician

“The ASA has provided many opportunities within my own career, including the chance Development’s JSM 2019 to develop skills beyond the guided networking session, role of traditional statistician.” it was fun to talk with newer ASA members about building professional connections. Elizabeth Mannshardt It has been a rewarding is an associate director of the experience to work with the ASA Information I became involved with the ASA as a grad- on developing initiatives that have Access and uate student and have found that, as my proven key in current times. Analytic Services career path has developed, I have been able to Of great importance to me is providing opportuni- Division of the ties for students and young professionals. Working US Environmental shift my focus within the ASA and at events such as Protection JSM. My current position, associate director of the with the ASA’s North Carolina Chapter, we gener- Agency. Information Access and Analytic Services Division ally approached the organizational process asking, of the US Environmental Protection Agency, is “What did I wish I knew when I was starting out?” more on the IT side of data science than my previ- NC ASA’s Mentoring and Early Career Development ous roles as a traditional statistician. The ASA has Workshop (see https://bit.ly/2UnZY7S) featured top- a broad array of offerings across different paths in ics such as how to be more successful, presenting statistics and data science, which have served me best practices, leadership, and building a career. It well in my own journey. was exciting to hear participants express how the I appreciate that the breadth of the JSM program workshop helped them begin thinking about their goes beyond methodology and theory sessions. The goals in a new way and covered concepts that matter women in statistics panels at JSM 2019 and 2020 throughout one’s career. I learned quite a bit myself! featured amazing statisticians with so many interest- It is also important to me to illustrate to those ing insights, including Suzanne Thornton’s STRR starting out that there are many paths to suc- for advocacy—speak, trust, recognize, read—and cess. A question posed during an NC ASA speed Wendy Martinez’s perspective on women in leader- mentoring event revealed that each professional’s ship guiding others. I also enjoyed the discussions career has had unexpected twists along the way. “Communication in Statistical Science” and “The The look of surprised relief among participants Juggling Collaborator: Which Balls to Drop,” as learning that successful professionals aren’t always well as Regina Nuzzo’s session, “Communicating offered jobs and sometimes have their papers to the Masses.” At the Committee on Career rejected will always stay with me.

december 2020 amstat news 17 Elizabeth Mannshardt says she was glad the ASA North Carolina Chapter’s 2018 speed mentoring event revealed that each professional’s career has unexpected twists along the way and there are many paths to success.

As I joined the executive board of the ASA on developing initiatives that have proven key Government Statistics Section (GSS), an impor- in current times. tant initiative was to create more opportunities The ASA has provided many opportunities for young professionals and others who might within my own career, including the chance to not have resources to travel to events like JSM. In develop skills beyond the role of traditional stat- 2019, GSS held a mentoring roundtable at JSM istician. Experiences gained running an executive and recently launched a larger mentoring program board provided key points in my recent interview (see https://bit.ly/3lDcUTh). The importance of for my management position. But the most impor- these connections was expressed by mentee Nancy tant and rewarding aspect has been the people I Murray: “They were all personable and shared their have had the opportunity to meet and the amaz- more human aspects of their stories.” Additionally, ing colleagues with whom I have been so fortunate GSS, the Social Statistics Section, and the ASA to work. Emily Griffith, Jenny Thompson, and Professional Development program launched a vir- Donna LaLonde are just a few of those who have tual workshop series (see https://bit.ly/3kkb2xi). It served to make the ASA an incredible community. has been a rewarding experience to work with the I look forward to meeting so many more!

CLAIRE MCKAY BOWEN Data Scientist

“I want to ‘pay it forward’ At the beginning to the ASA community that of September, I provided so much for me. ” was asked to tell a story about why I Claire McKay joined the ASA and chose to Bowen is the lead become more active. I was also data scientist of privacy and data asked to share a specific story about security at the an association experience I found most interesting. Urban Institute. For weeks, I struggled to figure out what specific I instead talk about how I met Joanne Wendelberger story I wanted to tell. at my first statistics conference and she later became Do I describe how I met Jeri Mulrow during my postdoc adviser? Or do I reminisce about all the a mentoring event at a Joint Statistical Meetings fun moments during ASA events such as catching up (JSM) conference and how we now text each other with my friends at conferences or watching Xiao-Li pictures of mountains and food we want to eat? Do Meng go down the slide during a brewery tour?

18 amstat news december 2020 Bowen (far right) and other participants at the 2019 New Researcher Conference go on the New Belgium Brewing Company tour. Bowen says she enjoys being an ASA member and making fun memories like this one.

me today. Also, through our mutual love of food, we go out to restaurants around Washington, DC, and JSM conference locations. Research: Joanne and I happened to pair up during the speed mentoring session at the first Women in Statistics and Data Science Conference. This encounter sparked my first graduate internship and postdoc at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Through these research experiences, Joanne taught me the importance of applied and collaborative research. “We should be doing data- informed decision-making instead of data-driven. We still need that human element.” Friendship: Joanne told me that one of the CLAIRE MCKAY BOWEN Data Scientist Bowen (left) and Jeri Mulrow met at JSM 2015 and are best parts of going to conferences is catching up seen here at JSM 2018. Bowen says Mulrow has been a with your buddies. My friends Alicia Lamere and valuable mentor and friend. Evercita Eugenio and I graduated within a year of each other at Notre Dame, but catch up at each As I contemplated what story to share, I realized JSM and other ASA conferences. these many relationships and memories are all pieces Fun Memories: In 2019, I attended the New of a much larger story of why I am part of the ASA. Research Conference and opted for the brewery Each of these pieces tells my ASA story and moti- tour as the “fun event.” At some point during the vates me to become more active in my community. tour, I was the one who ended up carrying the extra Mentoring, Research, Friendship, Fun 12-pack of beer. I carried that box the entire night as Memories, and ‘The Why’ we all went out for dinner and bar hopped. Surprised Mentoring: I met Jeri at JSM 2015, where she I carried the 12-pack, Xiao-Li asked that I bring the took a chance on me to present at NSF about beer to his IMS presidential speech so he could toast differential privacy, a mathematical definition to the New Researcher Conference attendees. that quantifies privacy-loss. Since then, we catch The Why: As for why I continue to be active with- up at each JSM and she has provided me with in the ASA, I want to “pay it forward” to the ASA invaluable career advice that continues to guide community that provided so much for me. n

december 2020 amstat news 19 UNC Biostatistics Program Offers Undergraduate Students Opportunity

Jane Monaco, Program Director and UNC Biostatistics Faculty Member

n the early 1970s, the faculty in the department level; statistical programming coursework; and a of biostatistics at The University of North public health component. Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH) considered Students usually apply for the major in their theI following questions: Why should biostatistics sophomore year and matriculate into the program graduate students have all the fun? Why not offer a as a junior. Prerequisite coursework before enter- biostatistics degree to undergraduates? ing the major includes three semesters of calculus, Biostatistics was a growing, rewarding field at introductory computer science, and one biology the time, but largely limited to students in gradu- course. The average GPA for recently admitted Jane Monaco has ate training. Opening the field to undergraduate students is 3.8/4.0. A BSPH graduate in biostatis- directed the BSPH in students was considered a radical idea. A pool of tics has mastered topics in applied and theoretical biostatistics program at The University undergraduates at UNC-CH were the ideal pio- biostatistics, study design, survey sampling, statisti- of North Carolina neers for training in biostatistics at the undergradu- cal programming, calculus, linear algebra, discrete at Chapel Hill since ate level. Thus, the BSPH in biostatistics at UNC- math, and advanced mathematics, as well as public 2006. She is a clinical CH was born. health foundations, systems, and solutions. associate professor Currently, the UNC-CH Biostatistics Housed in the Gillings School of Global with interests in Department has more than 60 undergraduates Public Health, the degree requires coursework in statistics education and survival analysis. (primarily juniors and seniors) pursuing the BSPH public health and epidemiology, which differen- degree. It has trained more than 370 undergraduate tiates the curriculum from a traditional statistics students under two directors: Craig Turnbull from undergraduate degree. inception until 2006 and Jane Monaco, who continues to serve in this capacity. Previous Graduates Jenna Tan, a May 2020 BSPH graduate who is The first BSPH degree in biostatistics was award- entering the MS program at UNC-CH shared, “I ed in 1978 to Maura Stokes, who proceeded to am glad I majored in biostatistics because it is the earn her MSPH and DrPH in the department. intersection of many of my interests, such as math, Among her many roles in the statistical commu- health, and programming and, most importantly, nity, she served as the senior R&D director at it is an important field in promoting public health SAS Institute and co-authored Categorical Data and improving the welfare of our society! I have Analysis Using the SAS System. Stokes is also a fel- truly been challenged to think critically, improve my low of the ASA and has been recognized by the problem-solving skills, and learn how to collaborate ASA with the Founders Award for distinguished with people both in my discipline and outside of it.” service to the organization. The program is the largest undergraduate degree A more recent graduate of the BSPH in bio- in biostatistics in the country, graduating 20 or statistics is Daniel Malawsky, who graduated in more students per class in recent years. Almost half 2020 with a double major in biostatistics and of the students in the US who graduated with a math. Malawsky is also a concert-level cellist. A degree in biostatistics (from 2003–2018) were Morehead-Cain scholar at UNC, Malawsky was UNC-CH biostatistics graduates. recently awarded the Churchill Scholarship to complete a master’s degree focusing on medical genetic Curriculum and Admission research at Cambridge. He will then continue his While the curriculum has been periodically revised education at the Wellcome Sanger Institute, pursu- and updated, several characteristics have remained ing his PhD under a Gates-Cambridge Scholarship constant: a rigorous mathematics component; bio- and studying the impact of genetic variation on statistics courses primarily taught at the master’s health in underserved populations.

20 amstat news december 2020 BSPH biostatistics majors gather at the home of Jane Monaco, director of undergraduate studies, in May 2019.

Common Paths and First Destinations The degree prepares students for a variety of first destinations: graduate work in biostatistics or statistics; medical school; and employment in other fields. Approximately half the students complete a second major, with the most common discipline being math. In 2019, half the graduates (14 out of 28) were inducted into Phi Beta Kappa. About two-thirds of the last two graduating classes were female, which may partially reflect the gender distribution at UNC-CH. Students who choose to immediately enter the job market have found success. Workplaces such as Matt Gilleskie is a data analyst at the UNC Center for Aids Research Clinical IQVIA, Rho, PPD, RTI, FHI 360, and SAS are Core and a BSPH in biostatistics 2019 graduate. among the local employers who seek out these students. Typical job titles may include programmer of Michigan, Emory, Columbia, and North Carolina analyst, statistical programmer, statistician, data State University. The most recent survey of gradu- scientist, or data analyst. ates reveals that more than 60 percent of the BSPH For example, Emma Crenshaw, a BSPH biosta- students have pursued graduate education. The most tistics graduate in 2019, was hired as a statistician common graduate degree fields are biostatistics, statis- in the Biostatistics and Epidemiology Group at tics, analytics, data science, and epidemiology. Research Triangle Institute. She shared, “I am so glad that I decided to major in biostatistics. Not Conclusion only did I truly enjoy what I learned, I was intro- The field of biostatistics has never been more duced to a community of researchers, professors, popular. Undergraduate training in biostatistics is and instructors who took a personal interest in increasing at a fast pace as the demand for skilled, what I was doing and what my goals are.” data-savvy workers explodes. Increasing undergrad- Recent graduates who have immediately gone on uate educational opportunities in biostatistics can to graduate school have matriculated to graduate pro- help meet the growing demand for biostatisticians grams at institutions including UNC-CH, University and educate the general population about using of Washington, Johns Hopkins, Harvard, University data to make informed decisions. n

december 2020 amstat news 21 A Conversation with DataKind’s Executive Director, Jake Porway David Corliss

ake Porway is one of the addressing health care delivery most outstanding figures in around the globe, and since the J Data for Good. Early in his COVID-19 outbreak, we’ve career, he worked in machine leveraged data science solutions learning for image recognition for relief efforts. and as a data scientist for The Our Economic Resilience New York Times while also lead- Impact Practice is focusing on ing volunteer projects. In 2011, financial inclusion, keeping he founded DataKind and serves people above the poverty line as its executive director. and helping them sustain economic shocks like COVID-19. What do you think the state of There is plenty of opportunity the art is? A lot is happening in for our data. America right now, and I’d like to get your thoughts on what Jake Porway It’s interesting that you had the situation on the ground is already flagged that as an area and how data can help. singular interventions ver- you want to focus on and then, It’s really been interesting to sus saying we have built some when the COVID crisis came up, see what has changed and what kind of data-driven solution it was made a lot worse—like hasn’t the last 10 years. We that overall advances our social a toxic environment resulting have a space of statisticians and sector. I think one of the chal- from people who don’t have machine learning folks looking lenges is you don’t have enough good insurance, or commercial for good—ready-made improve- people who can articulate where operations living on the edge. ment. I think the case has been those field-level problems are Almost as if COVID-19 is creating made, though, for data science and where data science can be the final result for something and machine learning to be most helpful. At DataKind, we many years in the making. applied to social impact. There’s launched what we call “impact This is where I think there’s a obviously a ton of questions practices” to address large-scale, sobering commentary on how about how to do that capably sector-wide issues. much data science and technolo- and ethically, but I think we’ve gy have a role to play. One of the done a good job of helping folks There’s a lot of intersectional- big conversations in our space on a local scale. ity—interactions between right now is the ethics of data Our goal isn’t to do the most different issues. We’re look- use, your model, and, of course, volunteer projects in the world, ing at both COVID-19 and the the ethics of AI predictive models but rather have the greatest election year, a lot of protests that are used. Our craft has large- impact. The thing I want to see around police violence, and ly been used to make stuff faster is a world in which our oceans, just generally violence toward and cheaper. However, we have water, and air are clear—where persons of color. to think about these core issues there’s less violence and ineq- Yes, this year we’ve seen a lot of social justice and addressing uity. So, I think there’s a gap of pressing issues in which our inequitable systems, all of right now in the Data for Good Data for Good can make a dif- which comes down to human movement between helping, ference. DataKind’s Frontline issues, human compassion, and say, five NGOs working on Health Impact Practice is thoughtful consideration.

22 amstat news december 2020 COVID-19, this isn’t just a medi- ASA Journal Gets New Name, Mission cal problem. How do we fix the system that’s driving higher rates Jeff Witmer, Journal of Statistics and Data Science Education Editor-in-Chief before the next one happens? he Journal of Statistics Having a data solution isn’t just Education (JSE) is evolving about having an analytic or pre- and taking on a new name. dictive model. We can look at TStarting in 2021, the journal will be homelessness and its drivers, or called the Journal of Statistics and Data we can look at economic resil- Science Education (JSDSE). ience. I can come up with a pre- JSE has been publishing papers dictive model like FIFO or some- about the teaching of statistics since thing, but what do we do with 1993. Until recently, only a modest that? We need to have a call for percentage of those papers dealt with allows the name of the journal to align change and drive that change. We data science topics. with the recently renamed section and need to look at the big picture However, the visibility of data sci- signals that it welcomes papers about and the underlying root factors. ence has grown tremendously in the the teaching of data science. It’s a long journey to get there. past decade, and many colleges and A special issue of the journal with There’s a dearth of people who universities have created courses on the theme “Computing in the Statistics are able to manage analytic proj- data science. In response to this, JSE and Data Science Curriculum” is ects. If I could take on one thing, took on a new section on data science forthcoming. It comes a decade it wouldn’t be a better model; it in 2019, handled by Nicholas Horton after Nolan and Temple Lang’s would be a better training proof Amherst College. paper, “Computing in the Statistics gram for project leaders. Around the same time, the ASA Curriculum,” which was published Section on Statistics Education was in The American Statistician, and will Allen Downey at Olin College considering a name change to the include papers on teaching introduc- of Engineering said there are ASA Section on Statistics and Data tory data science, web scraping, and three phases of the design pro- Science Education, which it recently version control with Git. cess: finding the right model of adopted. Changing from the Journal To submit papers about teaching sta- decision; building the model of Statistics Education to the Journal of tistics and data science education, visit prototypes; and managing that Statistics and Data Science Education https://bitly/38zS9Ek. process. And in school, we all focus there. Now, a lot of data scientists are asking what to do with questions like, “I’d love to hack into COVID-19 data. How prevailing problems. Wouldn’t ethics, but rather reflects the can I help?” or “What can we that be great? But we’ve got to be motivations and biases of the do with data for racial justice?” sober about where data science people and entities employing Instead of focusing on the mid- can actually help. A lot of the it. We have an opportunity to dle, though, we need to focus on issues we’re facing in the world develop digital solutions ethi- defining the beginning—what is today are because of systemic cally that make meaningful the right problem to solve? inequity. And that is something impacts on our most pressing that’s deeply human, stemming issues. And there are oppor- What kind of opportunities do from greed and selfishness. tunities for companies to get you see today? The silver lining is that data involved here. Every dollar Where there’s enough common- science and AI just supercharge counts and can translate into ality between different Data the complex of the system that saving lives. Engaging the pri- for Good projects, we would exists, but they aren’t necessar- vate sector can help change out- love a tool—something close ily the root cause. Data science comes on a global and sector- to off-the-shelf that could solve doesn’t inherently have its own wide scale. n

december 2020 amstat news 23 write-up about each organization and links to each breakout session. An additional step NC ASA took to ensure the career information fair ran smoothly was to hold a practice session on Zoom with representatives of participating companies. This allowed everyone to become comfortable with the virtual format and discuss tips for managing the breakout sessions. Most organizations preferred a free-flowing format, with attendees joining and leaving the breakout sessions on their own schedule. Four organizations requested scheduled meetings with 1–5 participants in 15-minute blocks. The NC ASA used SignUpGenius to set up these appointments ahead of time.

Chapter organizers present a reimagined career information fair. Feedback The career information fair was designed to be different from a traditional jobs fair. While some NC Chapter Offers Tips for organizations had open positions to advertise, the primary purpose Holding a Virtual Career Fair of the fair was to provide attendees an opportunity to learn Kristen Foley, ASA North Carolina Chapter Secretary about the variety of careers and opportunities available to statis- n 2019, the North Carolina to introduce their companies to ticians and data scientists in gov- Chapter organized a local everyone at once. ernment, academia, and industry career information fair for After the introductions, in the Research Triangle area. ASAI members. Due to COVID- attendees had up to two hours Participant feedback, gathered 19, the 2020 fair was initially to call into separate virtual meet- through an anonymous survey postponed and then reimagined ings hosted by each of the par- sent after the event, was positive: in an all-virtual format. What ticipating organizations. These follows is information for chap- breakout sessions were designed I got exactly what I was looking for! A chance to see what types MORE ONLINE ters and sections interested in to allow participants to meet View the 2020 organizing a similar event. briefly with representatives from of organizations are out there. I introductory session each organization for a ques- appreciate the Virtual Career Fair and summary Structure tion and answer session, similar being held. document at NC ASA maintained the speed to moving from table to table https://bit. I found [the] Career Information ly/3eVXVRG. format from the in-person career at a physical career fair. NC information fair, so the event ASA board members visited the Fair to be really helpful. I haven’t began with a large Zoom meet- rooms to help ensure everything been getting much career ing in which someone from each ran smoothly, and all participat- mentoring at all, so being able participating organization gave ing companies had phone num- to chat with folks in the breakout a short speech about their com- bers to contact board members sessions was very informative. pany and the kind of work they for assistance if necessary. This fair provides an excel- do. This allowed all participants NC ASA provided attendees lent opportunity to talk with to hear the same information with a summary document prior recruiters and learn about the and all company representatives to the fair that included a brief

24 amstat news december 2020 participating organizations and Virtual StatFest Welcomes their job requirements. I really enjoyed this experience. International Students I think it was a great way to conduct a virtual job fair. I think Therri Usher, Committee on Minorities in Statistics having a limited amount of companies and attendees was n September 18 and 19, Day 2 of StatFest began with key. Having too many would the ASA’s Committee the keynote address, given by have been overwhelming. on Minorities in Loni Tabb of Drexel University, OStatistics held the 20th annual — followed by a presentation Recruitment and first virtual—StatFest confer- about preparing for graduate ence. StatFest is traditionally a school, given by Justine Herrera Despite the online format, NC one-day event aimed at encourag- of Columbia University. This ASA was able to expand the 14 ing undergraduate students from year’s parallel sessions consisted participating companies at last historically under-represented of a student-only and profes- year’s event to 22 organizations groups to consider graduate stud- sional-oriented session. The this year. Eight out of the origi- ies and careers in statistics and student-only session, titled “The nal 14 organizations agreed to data science. It takes place at dif- Graduate Student Experience,” participate for a second year. In ferent locations throughout the consisted of panelists enrolled in addition, when NC ASA mem- US; however, it was held virtually master’s and doctoral programs bers sent out email recruitment and split over two half-days due in statistics and data science. letters to new companies, they to the COVID-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, the professional- were able to highlight the success Despite the transition to a vir- oriented session focused on of the first event. tual conference halfway through dismantling inherent biases to To recruit attendees, NC ASA the planning cycle, approximately promote the recruitment, reten- sent emails to the ASA listserv 80 participants attended each day tion, and support of students and advertised on the chapter’s of StatFest. For the first time and and professionals from under- website and via social media. due to the virtual setting, StatFest represented populations. There were 253 individuals reg- was able to welcome internation- To promote discussion and istered for the event, and more al participants, with attendees networking among attendees, than 130 signed on during the chiming in from South Africa StatFest ended with virtual round- day of the fair. and Malaysia. table sessions defined by topics The NC ASA posted the The program started with a such as “Summer Opportunities Zoom video of the introduc- welcome and opening remarks in Statistics and Data Science,” tory session and summary doc- from Dionne Price, one of the “Interview Prep,” and “Networking ument to its website for those vice presidents of the American in the Virtual Setting.” who wished to attend but were Statistical Association. In cel- Despite the transition to the not able to. ebration of the 20th StatFest, its virtual setting, organizers received Reflections and founder, Nagambal Shah, shared positive feedback from attendees Takeaways some of the history of StatFest, as during and after the event. A well as motivating words for stu- bright spot for several attendees There are obvious advantages to dent attendees. was being able to attend StatFest having an in-person career infor- Day 1 consisted of two panels without having to find travel mation fair; however, the virtual focused on statistics and data sci- funding. They expressed the format made it easier for organiza- ence careers in the academic, gov- desire to see StatFest develop a tions and attendees from across the ernment, industry, and nonprofit hybrid in-person/virtual model state to participate. When asked sectors. Panelists gave five-minute in the future. about the online format, 13 out of talks on their background and StatFest 2021 is scheduled to 17 participants who filled out the current work before answering be held at Eli Lilly and Company post-fair survey said they would questions from the moderator and in Indianapolis, Indiana, and prefer an online event or hybrid audience. The day ended with an StatFest 2022 is scheduled to be format (in-person and online com- expo, where participants had the held at Columbia University in ponents) to an in-person event. opportunity to connect with 18 New York. For details about organizing a academic departments, programs, Read more about StatFest career fair, email Kristen Foley at and professional institutions. 2020 at https://bit.ly/3pwjOMz. n [email protected]. n

december 2020 amstat news 25 columns

STATS4GOOD A Look at How Statistical Science Is Making an Impact on Poverty s we wind up our 2020 series on technol- resulting in longitudinal drift from the original ogy and Data for Good, we’re looking at concept and metrics used to develop it. While poverty and how statistical science is mak- many changes in buying habits, household spend- Aing an impact through data, improved under- ing, availability of and use of different goods, and standing, and analysis. especially portion of a household budget and the Awareness of poverty in the United States as a prices of different components in the original matter to be addressed in some way at a nation- calculation have occurred over the years, the US al level goes back to America’s earliest days. The poverty line and a multitude of programs pegged preamble of the US Constitution mentions the to it continue to be based on a household food need to “promote the general Welfare” among expenditure survey taken in 1955. David Corliss leads a the reasons for its creation. In the 20th century, A number of methods have been suggest- data science team at Fiat coordinated action to collect data and analyze ed to address these concerns. The US Census Chrysler. He serves on and understand it to act on poverty began with Bureau has developed a Supplemental Poverty the steering committee the War on Poverty program in 1964. A national Measure (SPM) to address a number of them. for the Conference standard for poverty was developed: The Poverty The Institute for Research on Poverty (IRP) at on Statistical Practice Line, sometimes known as the Orshansky Poverty the University of Wisconsin-Madison gives an and is the founder of Peace-Work, a Threshold. The concept implemented at this time excellent description of the SPM (see https://bit. volunteer cooperative was a hunger threshold, with food insecurity as ly/2GZRPmO), with a point-by-point compari- of statisticians and data the benchmark for poverty. A set of dollar figures son to the official Poverty Threshold. The IRP scientists providing was set for households of different sizes and num- has a number of other helpful resources avail- analytic support for bers of children at three times the level needed for able on its website (www.irp.wisc.edu). Data for charitable groups and spending on food. applying statistical Good researchers interested in poverty research methods in issue-driven While this is a helpful concept, methodologi- will definitely want to check it out. advocacy. cal issues immediately arose. The threshold doesn’t The IRP has contracted with HHS to create take into account variations in the cost of living the National Poverty Research Center, which from one place to another, a classic example of informs and supports policy, conducts training, what some have called the “flaw of averages.” This and performs research on poverty in the United results in considerable regional variations in the States. The work of the IRP and the resources buying power of the poverty threshold. they have made available foster better under- As one example, Peace-Work used the relative standing of the many dimensions of poverty. purchasing power from the Bureau of Economic This empowers the development of the materi- Analysis, found the percent difference between als, technology, and analysis needed to identify states, and multiplied by the poverty threshold for and implement data-driven poverty solutions. a family of four to translate it to a dollar amount. An important goal of the center is the training For those on a fixed income, that income goes a and development of a diverse group of research- lot further in some places. However, the working ers to move this important work forward. poor in lower-income states face a gap due to the The IRP has produced a number of webi- difference between local wages and price of com- nars, which are posted on their YouTube channel modities that don’t vary much by location. This (https://bit.ly/38IjFzn). Areas of interest include gap can be substantial—as much as $379 a month both basic research on poverty and important cur- for a family of four in one state (Arkansas). rent topics. For example, responding to COVID- Each year, the poverty threshold is adjusted 19, they hosted a panel discussion, recorded and for inflation using the Consumer Price Index. posted as a webinar, about housing and evictions However, this is the only adjustment made, during the pandemic.

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Using data from the Social Security Administration and Bureau of Economic Analysis, David Corliss created this map showing the poverty threshold differential by state for a family of four.

While poverty is defined nationally, it is experienced locally. Prices, housing, access to health care, community services, and other factors dif- A community-based approach to fer dramatically from place to place, within states, and even within counties. A community-based understanding poverty informs policy approach to understanding poverty informs policy and programs, resulting in better outcomes and more efficient use of limited resources. The and programs, resulting in better need for solutions that work at a local level means many Data for Good researchers are needed. The outcomes and more efficient use opportunities are endless and constantly changing to respond to new needs and circumstances. of limited resources. Developing and implementing poverty tech is one of the most important ways D4G is making a difference in the lives of people in communities across the country. The John M. Chambers Statistical Software Getting Involved Award recognizes software written by a student or In D4G opportunities this month, we are high- in which a student was a collaborator. Both under- lighting the student award programs from the graduate and graduate students can apply. Section on Statistical Computing and Section on There is also a student paper competition Statistical Graphics, which are awarded at JSM. for papers in statistical computing and statisti- These competitions are not specific to Data for cal graphics. The deadline for submissions is Good, but certainly offer a great opportunity to December 15. You can get all the details on both showcase your work. at http://asa.stat.uconn.edu. n

december 2020 amstat news 27 columns

MASTER’S NOTEBOOK To Get a PhD or Not to Get a PhD? Part 3 The ASA Committee on Applied Statisticians gives you the experiences of four statisticians who took different paths after their master’s degrees. In previous issues, we featured Kathryn Irvine—who earned a PhD—and Mark Otto—who took a different path and earned his master’s. This month, Allison Florance explains why she found a master’s degree to be right for her.

came to statistics through biology. My undergraduate degree is in biology, and I worked in molecular biology labs for five years before Allison Florance is goingI to Iowa State University to earn a master’s in global biostatistics statistics. On-the-job learning—rather than development unit head of oncology solid school—was my thing, so I moved to North tumors at Novartis Carolina and worked with the public health science and past chair of the group at Wake Forest University after graduation to Committee on Applied support various NIH grants. The MS-level biostat- Statisticians. She has isticians worked under the PhD professors, who an MS in statistics. held the grants. I truly loved the work environment, and I was always learning from those around me. But after four years, I had to get out from under the masters-level glass ceiling that exists in much of academia. I did not leave to pursue a PhD, however. I wanted to work for one of the top innovative pharmaceutical companies, but I couldn’t seem to break into one with my MS and existing experience. I needed more clinical trial experience, which I was able to get at a contract research organization (CRO). I became familiar with the logis- tics of clinical trials and, after a year and a half, I took a job at GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), where I stayed for 14 years. I was able to work on HIV and oncology in all aspects of drug development. Again, I continued to learn from those around me. When I left GSK, I managed a staff of around 15 PhDs working on early development clinical trials in oncology. For the last five years, I’ve led a large group of biostatisticians at Novartis. I enjoy supporting and Allison Florance works remotely during the COVID-19 pan- developing my staff while still doing a mix of sci- demic with her two helpers, Dudley and Bullwinkle. ence and statistics with oversight to strategic drug development. Every applied statistician has a scien- education, and sometimes trial by fire. More school tific domain to work in, where they have to learn just wasn’t for me. Now when hiring for our depart- the technical language and working culture. I have ment, a PhD is required for US positions unless found my perfect blend of statistics, science, and we find an MS with extensive relevant experience. development of people in my newest role as global Master’s-level statisticians can still excel and lead in biostatistics development unit head of oncology pharma, but it is likely a more difficult road to go solid tumors. down in many of the large pharmaceutical compa- Looking back, every organization I worked for nies than it was for me years ago. Would I change my would have supported me going back for a PhD. I mind if I were to do it again now? Nope! I chose the preferred learning on the job, through continuing right path for me. n

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STATtr@k Students Share Virtual Experiences and Tips for Handling Pandemic Meg Ruyle, ASA Graphic Designer/Production Coordinator

ollege students in fully virtual classes are Starting the day by going to the gym, Dunham finding new ways to structure their days, said, helps add structure and gives him another way stay motivated, and connect with their peers. to manage his stress. He only started the habit last CPurdue University senior Jessica Gilbert selected summer, spurred by the pandemic and all the time on-campus, in-person learning, but was disappoint- spent at his computer. “I’m just sitting around all ed to learn only one of her classes would actually be day long,” he said. “I need to do something.” on campus. Gilbert, who is studying applied statis- When Gilbert finds herself losing focus, she takes Matthew Dunham tics and data science, said classes with more than a break and does something else—takes a walk, 150 students were automatically moved online and chats with her roommate, or checks the mail. “I others were converted to virtual if the university think just being in tune with my own needs is the couldn’t find a large enough space for students to highest form of self-care,” she said. socially distance in the classroom. Vasquez said effective time management has “Of course, being in person is ideal. You get to been the most important skill he has learned dur- have that interactive element with your professors, ing the pandemic. His classes are advanced and where you get to ask questions in the middle of the time-intensive. He said not procrastinating and lecture or maybe stay after class to ask a few ques- completing assignments as soon as they’re assigned tions,” Gilbert said. “But considering circumstances, has been helpful. I can’t really complain about things being switched Gilbert added that she’s come to rely heavily on Nicholas Vasquez online. I think it’s the safest option for everybody.” checklists, which help her relieve stress and moti- California State University Monterey Bay didn’t vate her to keep working. She also said emailing her offer the option for in-person classes, so statistics professors and letting them know when she’s in the majors Nicholas Vasquez and Matthew Dunham knew middle of a really busy phase is important. She hopes from the start they would be taking virtual classes in all professors are as understanding as hers have been. the fall, and both said they thought CSUMB did a “Being really flexible with students is important good job of making and communicating the decision. because we want to learn everything and we want “And they’ve already called the next semester to to get everything done,” Gilbert said. be online, as well,” said Dunham. “They’re pretty Vasquez said his professors and CSUMB have all on top of everything going on.” been extremely helpful, as well, and good about alert- However, it’s not an ideal situation, Dunham said, ing students to resources, including mental health Jessica Gilbert and the lack of routine has been difficult. Students services. “They genuinely care and they’re interested are feeling really unmotivated, he said, and profes- to see if anyone is struggling and how they can help,” sors seem to be struggling too. “I think a lot of stu- Vasquez said. “They’ve just been very, very support- TELL US dents got burned out. It’s definitely a difficult time.” ive to all the students during these times.” College students: What “I miss my instructors, obviously, because all of While Gilbert thinks her professors have done a are some tools you use my statistics instructors and my math instructors, good job adapting to an online platform, she said to manage stress? Tag the way they teach, it’s just fun. They always make us being social is harder. She keeps in touch with friends @AmstatNews laugh,” said Vasquez, who will graduate in the spring. and family virtually and will sometimes see friends on Twitter! Dunham’s love of statistics has made it easier to outside, since she lives in a house and not a dorm. stay motivated. He recently switched his major from It helps that she’s in her senior year, she said. “I psychology to statistics. “I feel like finding that pas- already know a lot of people in my major, so I’m sion has made this time online really manageable. able to connect with them.” Statistics is actually a great major for this online Gilbert thinks it is harder for underclassmen. “I environment. Because it’s a lot of just data analysis.” can’t imagine for freshmen, and even sophomores, Gilbert agreed staying motivated can be chal- how tough this is to go from high-school classes lenging. “You don’t have a library to go study in, straight to college work online, where you don’t then go home and do your socializing,” she said. necessarily get to … build your group of people “There’s no separation anymore. You’re just in the who can help support you through your academic same building or the same room all day long.” career,” she said. n

december 2020 amstat news 29 meetings

Felicity Enders of the Mayo Clinic discusses reducing barriers to statistics and data science education at WSDS 2020. Virtual WSDS Maintains CONNECTION Among Participants

Donna LaLonde, ASA Director of Strategic Initiatives and Outreach

ore than 350 people attended the virtual WSDS, which began September 30 WSDS Organizing Committee with two short courses. Conference pre- Stephanie Hicks Jessica sentationsM began October 1 and included two plenary talks and a plenary panel. Lucy McGowan Kohlschmidt During the first plenary, which took place Wendy Lou Dalene Stangl Thursday morning, Michelle Dunn invited listeners into her garden to provide Nicole Lazar Christina Link context for her talk about her data science leadership journey. She introduced attendees to two of recipients of the F.N. David Award. Nusrat Jahan Leslie McClure her mentors, who added to of James Madison University and Dalene Stangl of @StatGirlLAM Dunn’s wisdom and advice Carnegie Mellon University served as moderators. with their perspectives. Thursday also included a virtual networking event Great session about confronting Thursday’s formal pre- that allowed friends and colleagues to talk, a tradi- privilege and reducing barriers sentations ended with tion for many who attend WSDS. to #statistics and #datascience a plenary panel featur- The final day of the conference, Friday, began education featuring ing Lynne Billard of the with a plenary presentation by Catherine D’Ignazio @FelicityEnders @EKTBenn University of Georgia, Susan of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Lauren @minebocek at #WSDS2020! Ellenberg of the University of F. Klein of Emory University, authors of the book Pennsylvania Perelman School Data Feminism. D’Ignazio and Klein challenged of Medicine, and Nancy Reid of attendees to consider a new way of thinking about the University of Toronto—all past data science informed by intersectional feminism.

30 amstat news december 2020 meetings

In recognition of the International Year of Women in Statistics and Data Science and the 200th anniversary of the birth of Florence Nightingale, organizers for the WSDS 2020 Data Challenge invited teams and individuals to create a visualization to help the public better understand an important current issue. This image was created by Serifat Folorunso from the University of Ibadan Laboratory for Interdisciplinary Statistical Analysis in Nigeria.

They asked the audience to consider questions from the conference homepage: https://bit.ly/32NmifD. such as “Data science by whom?” “Data science for whom?” and “Data science with whose interests This year’s conference Emily H. Griffith in mind?” Members of the audience shared their took place during both @EmilyHGriffith1 thoughts, making for a spirited virtual discussion. the International Year of The conference themes are Share Knowledge, Women in Statistics and WSDS is my favorite Build Community, and Grow Influence, which Data Science and the 200th conference, and it held up well are represented in the many concurrent sessions anniversary of the birth of Florence Nightingale. In virtually!! I’ll still look forward and poster presentations. For example, the 2020 to safely meeting in person conference had panel discussions about data recognition of these events, governance in the era of big data, organized by organizers for the WSDS again, but I’m inspired as Katherine S. Panageas; promoting mentor-mentee 2020 Data Challenge invited always. #WSDS2020 relationships, chaired by Emma Benn; and skills teams and individuals to create a and strategies for successful negotiation, organized visualization to help the public bet- by Jessica Lavery. Topics of concurrent session pre- ter understand an important current sentations ranged from how to get published by issue. The image accompanying this article Andee Nichols to generalization to higher-order was created by Serifat Folorunso from the University function smoothness in bandit optimization of of Ibadan Laboratory for Interdisciplinary Statistical non-convex functions by Yusha Liu. Additionally, Analysis in Nigeria. there was time devoted to viewing posters and hav- Plans for WSDS 2021 are already underway. ing conversation with poster presenters. Suggestions for the conference can be sent to ASA The platform will be available to all registered Director of Strategic Initiatives and Outreach Donna attendees until August 31, 2021, and can be accessed LaLonde at [email protected]. n

december 2020 amstat news 31 meetings JSM 2021: Opportunities for Involvement Abound

• E-posters can include software demonstrations, analysis animations, videos, and interactive statistical graphics or dashboards. Take advantage of the versatility of the medium. Don’t think Nicole Lazar, JSM 2021 Program Chair in terms of a static poster. Be modern and daring. n 2021, one of the largest sta- JSM 2021—particularly those Note that you don’t need to tistical events in the world— for the contributed portion—are pay for poster printing, nor do the Joint Statistical Meetings later than they typically are. This you have the hassle of transport- (JSM)—willI be held in Seattle, will give everyone time to figure ing a poster in the overhead com- Washington, August 7–12. The out their plans for the confer- partment of an airplane, when you theme for the meeting is ence and secure funding for participate in an e-poster session. “Statistics, Data, and the Stories attendance, in addition to the They Tell,” emphasizing the role clarity that time should bring. Poster Sessions statistics plays in helping society Despite the later deadlines, it’s In many fields, the main way understand the world. As ever- not too soon to be thinking to present research is through a more complex data becomes a about getting involved. poster. Presenting a poster at JSM hallmark of modern science and Speed Sessions allows face-to-face extended dis- policymaking, statisticians have a cussion with individuals or small growing societal importance, The speed session is an increas- groups interested in the topic, pro- which is reflected in the 2021 ingly popular JSM format. It viding researchers with more direct JSM theme. allows for an electronic poster feedback than is typically possible The invited program, nearly (e-poster) presentation, which with a contributed paper talk. complete, includes 209 sessions enables video and other special telling a wide range of stories— effects. Speed session presenters Contributed Sessions both theoretical and applied. The give a four-minute oral adver- Contributed paper sessions pandemic is the focus of a num- tisement for a later poster pre- consist of seven papers with 15 ber of those stories, but there are sentation. These oral presenta- minutes of presentation time for many others, as well, including tions are collected in sets of 20, each, including the introduction sports, wearable technologies, with a five-minute break in the of the speaker and questions. and genomics. A variety of meth- middle. This is followed later by Although this is still the preferred odological approaches—includ- the e-poster phase, which lasts 45 way to present research for many ing for longitudinal and spatial minutes. The program commit- JSM participants (nearly half of data and multimodal data—are tee tries to cluster speed session JSM sessions are contributed ses- also represented. posters by topic to attract a large sions), the short duration of the The process leading to the and focused audience. talks, relative difficulty interact- selection of the invited sessions Here are some tips, based on ing with the audience, and large was, as always, competitive. experience with previous speed number of parallel sessions might Many strong proposals were not sessions: lead researchers to consider trying selected, but there are still ways • The oral component should a speed or poster session. to get involved in the 2021 JSM lure people. Don’t try to be program. Due to the continuing too detailed, but rather give Topic-Contributed uncertainty surrounding the com- the big picture view. A little Sessions ing year, some of the deadlines for humor helps. For the previous modes of presentation, a participant simply submits

32 amstat news december 2020 meetings a title and abstract by the deadline sessions, submit an abstract and informed about the session in (see below) and several presenta- title online from March 16 to advance, introduce speakers, and tions are put together into cohesive April 14, 2021. Registration is manage time for each speaker. sessions by the JSM 2021 Program required when submitting contrib- Chairing a session is a way to get Committee. But if you can put uted paper and poster abstracts. As involved with JSM and network together five speakers on a com- part of the submission process, you with other professionals in your mon theme—either five papers or must also specify the choice of the field. Especially encouraged are four papers with one discussant— ASA section or JSM partner soci- people who are new to the pro- you can submit a proposal for a ety most closely associated with fession. Simply volunteer to the topic-contributed session. the topic of your presentation. program committee members of Topic-contributed sessions are Session Chairs your section or society. allocated on a competitive basis, Contact JSM 2021 Program however, and each ASA section, All JSM sessions require a chair Chair Nicole Lazar at nfl5182@ committee, interest group, or part- to ensure speakers are well psu.edu with any questions. n ner society has a limited number of them. So, before submitting a proposal to a section or society, get in touch with the relevant JSM 13th Annual Clinical Trials Conference 2021 Program Committee mem- VIRTUAL bers to let them know of your interest (see https://bit.ly/3320nBJ). SAVE THE DATE! Because of the selection pro- Monday, April 12, 2021 (8:30 A.M. to 4:30 PM) cess, topic-contributed sessions are often more cohesive than 13th Annual University of Pennsylvania contributed paper sessions and Conference on Statistical Issues in Clinical Trials: feature high-quality papers. The Cluster Randomized Clinical Trials: Challenges and Opportunities advantage is that each speaker has Registration opens January 2021 20 minutes of presentation time, instead of 15 minutes. Organizers SPEAKERS AND TOPICS must select a theme, invite five DAVID MURRAY Overview: Innovations in the Design and Analysis of Group - speakers, and ensure speakers’ NIH or Cluster-Randomized Trials commitments prior to the submis- VICTOR DeGRUTTOLA Using Network-level (and Individual-level) Information in sion deadline of December 10, Harvard Design and Analysis 2020. Session participants must LUKE J. KEELE Complexities Caused by Noncompliance in Cluster follow the rules for JSM participa- University of Pennsylvania Randomized Trials tion (see https://bit.ly/3npUFBf). JAMES P. HUGHES Current Issues in the Design and Analysis of Finally, only online session propos- University of Washington Stepped Wedge Trials al submissions will be considered LAWRENCE H. MOULTON Randomization: Beyond the Closurization Principle for the topic-contributed program. Johns Hopkins University Abstract Submission NATALIE E. DEAN The Ring Trial Design for the Estimation of Vaccine Efficacy Topic-contributed abstract sub- University of Florida and Effectiveness During Infectious Disease Outbreaks mission for those sessions selected DEBORAH J. DONNELL Challenges in Implementing CRTs: from Hawthorne Effect by the program committee will University of Washington to Measurement Bias be open January 6 to February WEILI HE Practical Considerations in Utilizing Cluster Randomization 2, 2021. Advanced registration AbbVie Trials in Medical Research is not required this year when PANELISTS submitting a topic-contributed Andrew Copas University College London abstract. Abstract editing for Karla Hemming University of Birmingham invited and topic-contributed ses- David Murray NIH sions will be open from March 16 Mike Proschan NIH to April 14, 2021, at which point you should also register for JSM. Jeffrey Roberts FDA CBER Alisa J. Stephens-Shields University of Pennsylvania To contribute to the JSM 2021 program in any of the above ven- Up to date information at: ues except for topic-contributed https://www.cceb.med.upenn.edu/events/13th-university-pennsylvania-conference-statistical-issues-clinical-trials

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2021 INTERNSHIPS

he following companies are looking for interns in 2021. If you are interested in improving your programming techniques, making connections, or honing your data analysis skills, apply for one of these opportunities. TIf your organization would like to include an internship opportunity on our website, complete the form at http://bit.ly/2CBAzyH. Interested students will send a letter of inquiry and résumé directly to the contact and location you list.

AbbVie, Inc. Contact: Meijing Wu, meijing. with a senior-level statistician North Chicago, Illinois [email protected], (847) 937-6266 or data scientist on topics related to the design and analysis of Positions: Multiple clinical trials and/or nonclinical Type of Student: PhD candi- Amgen research. At the conclusion of Thousand Oaks, California MORE ONLINE dates in statistics or biostatistics the internship, the intern will Find full descriptions Deadline: February 15, 2021 Positions: 2 give a presentation summariz- for these internships Type of Student: Graduate, PhD ing the work completed during on STATtr@k at In this 10–12-week summer the program. https://stattrak. program (beginning May/ Deadline: January 31, 2021 amstat.org. Apply: https://bit.ly/2IydQJM June), the interns will work on Amgen’s 10–12-week internship statistical research topics related program offers meaningful proj- Contact: Anthony Dominguez, to the pharmaceutical indus- ects that affect patient’s lives. [email protected], (805) try. Potential statistical topics The internship provides com- 313-1494 include deep learning, historical petitive compensation and the data borrowing, missing data opportunity for interns to partic- Astellas imputation, and survival analysis, ipate in executive and social net- etc. Interns will present project/ working events and community Pharmaceuticals assignment results and learnings volunteer projects. Relocation Northbrook, Illinois to department management and in the form of a transportation Positions: 2+ the broader team at the conclu- allowance will be provided for sion of the internship. Type of Student: PhD candi- eligible candidates. dates in statistics or related Apply: https://bit.ly/3f1AHKc The intern for this position disciplines (search 2021 experiential intern- within the Center for Design Deadline: January 29, 2021 ship for data statistical sciences) and Analysis will work closely

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Full-time internships are avail- to be exposed to the drug Ridgefield, CT 06877; (203) 798- able in the summer for 10–12 development process. 5028 or (203) 798-4739 weeks. Successful candidates will The research work will be pre- work closely with a senior-level sented at the departmental statistician on topics related to seminar, and/or the company Bristol-Myers Squibb the design and analysis of clinical poster session and may lead Company trials and statistical research. to an internal study report or a Princeton, New Jersey; Berkeley The project will be a hands-on peer-reviewed publication. Heights, New Jersey; San Diego, California; Seattle, Washington learning experience involving Apply: Send a CV to James Xiao, both statistical and related data [email protected]; 225 Positions: Multiple review and data analysis pro- Binney Street, Cambridge, MA Type of Student: Master’s or gramming tasks. The program- 02142; (617) 679-3197 doctoral students in statistics, ming tasks will involve use of biostatistics, or data science SAS, R, and/or other statistical software on the UNIX platform Boehringer Ingelheim Deadline: March 1, 2021 or PC. Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Full-time internships are avail- Apply: Send a CV and/or a Ridgefield, Connecticut able in the summer and will last letter of recommendation to 10–12 weeks. Part-time intern- Positions: Up to 5 [email protected]. ships are available during the Type of Student: Current MS school year and may continue or PhD students in biosta- for longer periods. Starting and Battelle Memorial tistics, statistics, or a related ending dates are flexible. Institute degree program Successful candidates will Columbus, Ohio Deadline: January 31, 2021 work closely with a senior- Positions: 3 Boehringer Ingelheim will level statistician on statistical have multiple full-time sum- methodology and/or appli- Type of Student: cation topics related to the Undergraduate, master’s, PhD mer biostatistics internship openings for approximately 12 design and analysis of clini- Deadline: November 1 weeks (May/June to August/ cal trials and/or nonclinical Data Science Intern (SU21), September; dates flexible). As research in a variety of thera- Software Engineering Co-op a biostatistics intern, you will peutic areas. (SP21), Software Engineering work with a senior-level statis- Apply: Send unofficial gradu- Intern (SU21) tician on a statistical research ate transcripts, a résumé, and Contact: Juli Garn, project related to the pharma- a cover letter to Margaret [email protected] ceutical industry and clinical Brossman at margaret. trials. Potential topics include [email protected]. survival analysis, Bayesian Biogen methods, dose-finding, etc., Cambridge, Massachusetts with applications to oncol- Cincinnati Children’s Positions: Multiple ogy, immunology, cardiology, Hospital Medical Center respiratory, or central nervous Cincinnati, Ohio Type of Student: PhD students system disorders. Interns Positions: Multiple in biostatistics, statistics, or are expected to present the related field results of their research at the Type of Student: Graduate, PhD Deadline: January 31, 2021, end of the program and may Deadline: November 1, 2021 with rolling offers have the opportunity to sum- Biostatistics and epidemiol- marize their work in a peer- The biostatistics depart- ogy are fundamental scientific reviewed publication. ment at Biogen will have four components in biomedical, internship positions available Apply: https://bit.ly/32FC8ZB psychosocial/behavioral, and for approximately 12 weeks Contact: Songqiao Huang public health research. The in the summer of 2021. The (songqiao.huang@boehringer- Division of Biostatistics and interns will work with one or ingelheim.com) or Sheng Epidemiology (DBE) offers an multiple senior-level statisti- Qiu (sheng.qiu@boehringer- advanced internship program cians on research projects ingelheim.com), Boehringer designed to offer aspiring stu- closely related to clinical trials Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, dents training opportunities in or nonclinical research. They Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, biostatistics and epidemiology. will also have the opportunity The hands-on experience will

december 2020 amstat news 35 education

complement and enhance the more information, a link to this with epidemiologists, project student’s classroom education. year’s project descriptions, and coordinators, and biomedical Contact: Bin Huang (Bin. an application. investigators and will contrib- [email protected]), c/o Tyra Contact: Nathan Tintle, ute to the design and analysis Valenzuela-Ray, Cincinnati [email protected], (712) of clinical research projects. Children’s Hospital Medical 722-6264 The internship posting will Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., MLC be live for applications on 5041, Cincinnati, OH 45229; the Emmes Career Center in (513) 803-4447 Eli Lilly and Company January 2021. Indianapolis, Indiana Contact: Kate Salava, ksalava@ The D. E. Shaw Group Positions: Multiple emmes.com, (301)251-1161 New York, New York Type of Student: Candidates are enrolled in a graduate-level Positions: 14 Genentech, Inc. curriculum leading to a PhD or South San Francisco, California Type of Student: All degree master’s degree in statistics or levels biostatistics. PhD students are Positions: Multiple Deadline: Rolling applications required to have completed at Type of Student: PhD least three years of graduate Deadline: January 15, 2021; Are you a math ace who wants work by May 2021. to test Bayesian priors on com- applications submitted by plex data sets, a finance whiz Deadline: January 15, 2021 December 18, 2020, will who can help us analyze global The Statistics, Data, and receive priority review securities markets, or a humani- Analytics Division of Eli Lilly The biostatistics summer interns ties student eager to tackle and Company anticipates hav- will work for 10–12 weeks under complex, multidisciplinary ing several internship posi- the supervision of experienced problems? Then you may be tions available for the summer biostatisticians on theoretical the right match for our intern- of 2021. The internships start or applied problems with direct ship program. in either May or June and last relevance to ongoing clinical or Apply: www.deshaw.com/ 12 weeks. nonclinical drug development careers/internships We will provide you with practi- in diverse therapeutic areas cal experience and give you such as oncology, immunology, the opportunity to build your infectious disease, ophthalmol- Dordt University understanding of the pharma- ogy, and neuroscience. The spe- Sioux Center, Iowa ceutical industry and Eli Lilly cific topics may cover research problems from translational Positions: 5–6 and Company. Successful candidates will be assigned specific research to late-stage clinical Type of Student: trials and post-marketing evalu- Undergraduate projects to work on under the guidance of a Lilly statistician or ations. At the end of the intern- Deadline: January 31, 2021 statistical analyst (mentor). ship, each student will give a department-wide presentation Undergraduate students Apply: PhD students: https:// on the intern project(s). It is with an interest in statistical bit.ly/3ko29CN; master’s stu- not uncommon for an intern to genetics and biostatistics are dents: https://bit.ly/36twGKt summarize their work in a peer- encouraged to apply to partici- reviewed publication. pate in the 16th consecutive Contact: Alexandria Pernell, year of our nationally recog- [email protected] Apply: https://go.gene.com/ nized undergraduate research biostatsummerintern2021 program in statistical genetics. The Emmes Company Contact: gnebiostatsummer Successful applicants will work Rockville, Maryland [email protected] with a team of undergraduate students on cutting-edge Positions: 3 problems in statistical genet- Type of Student: MS or PhD in GlaxoSmithKline ics leading to publication in statistics or biostatistics Upper Providence, peer-reviewed journals and The biostatistics intern will Pennsylvania presentations at regional and work closely with biostatisti- national conferences. Visit the cians on biomedical research Positions: 2 statistical genetics website projects across a variety of Type of Student: PhD at www.dordt.edu/statgen for disease areas. Interns meet Deadline: February 12, 2021

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Research statistics—the pre- Janssen R&D, a Division Deadline: Rolling; early appli- clinical biostatistics division of cations encouraged for imme- GSK—is seeking innovative, of Johnson & Johnson diate consideration Spring House, Pennsylvania; flexible, and pragmatic people In the 10–12-week data sci- who enjoy solving challenging Titusville, New Jersey; Raritan, New Jersey; La Jolla, California; Remote ence graduate-level intern- problems for a 10–12-week ship, you’ll build robust mod- full-time summer internship Positions: 8 els and use statistical software position. The selected candi- Type of Student: PhD candidate such as R, Python, and SAS to dates will have the opportu- Deadline: February 15, 2021 solve critical business prob- nity with other statisticians lems in product management, and GSK scientists to address Summer internships are avail- claims, distribution, market- drug discovery questions with able for students working ing, HR, legal, finance, and statistical methods. Potential toward a PhD in statistics, other business functions. statistical topics include experi- biostatistics, or a related dis- mental design, mixed models, cipline. Students will have At the conclusion of your repeated measures, analysis the opportunity to work with summer internship, you’ll of high-dimensional data, practicing statisticians and deliver a presentation of your machine learning algorithms, learn about statistical appli- work and skills to your col- and Bayesian methods. cations specific to clinical or leagues and the data science management team. Contact: Andrew Gehman, nonclinical pharmaceutical [email protected] industry settings. They will Apply: lmi.co/graduate (job be involved in activities such keyword 114868) as supporting research and Contact: Google development in areas that GradCampusRecruiting@ Bay Area, California; New York, range from drug discovery LibertyMutual.com New York; Seattle, Washington through phase 2 and 3 clini- Positions: Multiple cal studies and, concurrently, pharmaceutical manufactur- Los Alamos National Type of Student: PhD in a ing, including data prepara- quantitative discipline tion, graphical exploration of Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico Deadline: January 22, data, statistical model build- 2021 ing and analyses, report writ- Positions: 8–15 Google’s statisticians and data ing, and writing of computer Type of Student: High school, scientists/quantitative ana- programs or applications undergraduate, graduate associated with the statisti- lysts work within our software Deadline: Priority given to cal analyses. Other activities engineering organization, applications received by may include designing experi- including life sciences, geo, February 1, 2021 machine learning, techni- ments, conducting simula- The Statistical Sciences cal infrastructure, search, tions to evaluate optimal Group at Los Alamos National YouTube, and advertising. We designs, and participating in Laboratory is looking for analyze huge sets of data and methodological development. interns interested in exploring continually run live experi- Visit STATtr@k at https:// a career in research, develop- ments to help drive critical stattrak.amstat.org for the ment, and collaborative appli- decisions at Google. We sup- direct link to the posting and cation of statistical methods. port the development of application form. Students will have the oppor- innovative, highly scalable, Contact: [email protected] tunity to develop and use next-generation technologies methods from areas such as through deep research and spatial statistics, time series, advanced analysis. Liberty Mutual machine learning, reliability, Apply online from January Insurance design of experiments, com- 4–22, 2021. Boston, Massachusetts puter experiments, Bayesian Contact: Google.com/students Positions: 20–25 methods, functional data analysis, stochastic processes, Type of Student: MS or PhD hierarchical models, industrial students enrolled in program statistics, uncertainty quanti- during summer 2021 fication, data fusion, graphical models, advanced regression

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techniques, and statistical The Biostatistics and Research Novartis computing. Decision Sciences (BARDS) Remote; East Hanover, Internships are typically 10–12 Department has approximately New Jersey; Cambridge, weeks during the summer. The 15 internships in preclinical Massachusetts; Fort Worth, exact timing and length can biostatistics and clinical bio- Texas; Princeton, New Jersey statistics for full-time graduate be arranged to accommodate Positions: Multiple student and mentor schedules. students pursuing an MS or Student salaries are competi- PhD in statistics or biostatistics. Type of Student: Graduate, PhD tive and depend on the years Interns will work closely with Deadline: January 31, 2021 of education completed. an experienced pharmaceuti- The department of analytics Apply: Send a cover letter cal industry statistician to per- at Novartis will have multiple email with a résumé to Carrie form statistical analysis of data internship positions available for Ryan at [email protected] using from and/or statistical research approximately 12 weeks in 2021 the subject line “Summer 2021 related to basic drug research, (May to August; dates flexible). Internship.” clinical pharmacology, drug and vaccine development, Interns will work on statistics, biomarker development, or pharmacometrics, or data sci- pharmacogenomics. ence projects to design and The Lubrizol analyze clinical trials and/or Corporation Apply: www.merck.com/careers perform relevant quantitative Wickliffe, Ohio (search for 2021 Biostatistics research under the guidance Graduate Intern) Positions: 4–5 of experienced quantitative scientists. Various real-world Type of Student: problems will give interns Undergraduate, graduate, PhD Netflix (Data Science hands-on exposure to the Deadline: February 5, 2020 and Engineering) early and late phases of drug The statistics and data analyt- Remote (Los Gatos/Los Angeles, development across different ics team is charged with creat- California, if in-person options therapeutic areas, includ- become available) ing systems that enable highly ing oncology, cardiology, effective product development Positions: 6–8 immunology, neurology, ophthalmology, and respiratory via virtual experimentation, Type of Student: Undergrad, care. Potential topics include optimization, and knowledge master’s, PhD (grad preferred) discovery. In addition, the machine learning (e.g., deep team provides data science Deadline: Interviews will learning), survival analyses, consulting services to the begin in early January 2021 causal inference, Bayesian Lubrizol technical community (possibly sooner) statistics, disease progression throughout the world. The We offer a personalized expe- modeling, and/or PK/PD mod- project work depends on the rience for interns and one eling. Interns will also attend skills/interests of the intern that mimics what it’s like to seminars and other activities and the current needs of the actually work here. We match to enhance their understand- department. qualified interns with projects ing of the drug development process. There will be oppor- Apply: lubrizol.com/careers and groups based on interests and skill sets and fully embed tunities for interns to present Contact: Allison Rajakumar, interns within those groups for their project results to quanti- [email protected]; the summer. We have projects tative scientists and other key 29400 Lakeland Blvd., Wickliffe, that span machine learning, stakeholders. OH 44092; (440) 347-4679 experimentation and causal Apply: Send a CV to internships. inference, analytics, and data [email protected] engineering (learn more at Merck Research research.netflix.com). Laboratories Internships will be a minimum Novartis Gene Suburban Philadelphia, of 12 weeks, with timing flexible Pennsylvania; Rahway, New Therapies to candidate needs. More detail San Diego, California Jersey; Kenilworth, New Jersey is available at jobs.netflix.com. Positions: 1 Positions: 15 Contact: dse-interns-info@ Type of Student: PhD Type of Student: Graduate netflix.com Methods development for novel Deadline: Rolling clinical trial designs in gene

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therapy. Reimbursement for Work will develop and enrich Contact: Lori A. Christman, travel to San Diego and housing knowledge of the CRO industry [email protected]; 759 will be provided. Remote work and programming. Wessel Drive, Fairfield, OH is also possible depending on Contact and Apply: 45014; (513) 858-2989, Ext. 317 the COVID situation. [email protected]; (919) Apply: https://bit.ly/2Um9RCP 786-8200 Takeda Pharmaceuticals Pfizer Inc. StataCorp LLC Cambridge, Massachusetts Remote; La Jolla, California; College Station, Texas Positions: Multiple Boulder, Colorado; Groton, Positions: 1–3 Connecticut; Collegeville, Type of Student: PhD candi- Pennsylvania; Cambridge, Type of Student: PhD student dates in biostatistics, statistics, Massachusetts; New York, in statistics, biostatistics, or related disciplines New York econometrics, or a closely Deadline: March 15, 2021 related field Positions: 15 Interns will work closely with Type of Student: Graduate stu- Deadline: January 20, 2021 experienced industry statisti- dent in statistics, biostatistics, or Job duties may include learn- cians/data scientists on topics related field ing how to use and program related to design and analysis Deadline: January 31, 2021 in Stata, collaborating on proj- of clinical trials and/or pre- ects suitable for publication in clinical research (e.g., Bayesian The internship will consist of the Stata Journal, and assist- methods, innovative trial up to 480 hours of work coming in adding new features to designs, RWD/RWE, artificial mencing as early as April and Stata, along with testing and intelligence/machine learning, ending as late as December. documenting those features. and data science). The intern’s project will be biomedically oriented, with Apply: stata.com/internships At the end of the internship one-on-one supervision by a Contact: [email protected]; program, interns will give a senior staff statistician. The (979) 696-4600 presentation summarizing their work will be a hands-on learn- work and may have the oppor- ing experience focusing on tunity to summarize their work current project needs and will STATKING Clinical in a peer-reviewed publication. likely involve use of SAS, R, Services Apply: Email your résumé and or other statistical software. Fairfield, Ohio cover letter to biostatistics. As part of the internship pro- Positions: 1 [email protected]. gram, the intern will prepare Type of Student: Graduate Contact: Jianchang Lin, bio- a written report and brief [email protected]; presentation summarizing the Deadline: March 1, 2021 300 Massachusetts Ave., work and forming a perma- This internship will include Cambridge, MA 02139; (617) nent record of their efforts. composition of statistical 444-1200 Apply: Submit your applica- documents for clinical trials, tion via Handshake (Job ID: as well as writing SAS code to #4123533 Pfizer Statistics compute sample sizes and per- Thomas Jefferson Internships) at https://bit. form data analyses. University ly/3kszxIw. This is an onsite position, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Contact: Xun Lin, Xun.Lin@ lasting 10–12 weeks during Positions: 3 pfizer.com summer 2021. Start and end Type of Student: dates are flexible, provided the Undergraduate (junior, senior), selected candidate is available graduate (MS or PhD) PRA Health Sciences for a minimum of 10 weeks. A Deerfield, Illinois; Blue Bell, monthly stipend of $3,000 will Deadline: February 15, 2021 Pennsylvania be provided. A separate hous- Jefferson’s division of biosta- Positions: 2 ing allowance is included. tistics in the department of Type of Student: Graduate, PhD Apply: Send cover letter and pharmacology and experimental therapeutics will Deadline: TBD CV to [email protected].

december 2020 amstat news 39 education

sponsor up to three students ways we solve business prob- Apply: Send a CV/résumé, as summer interns. Interns lems using cutting-edge statis- transcript, cover letter with will do the following: tical and analytical techniques. your relevant experience and • Research statistical topics rel- You will assist in design and interest in the position, and evant to biomedical research develop and program meth- confidential letters of reference ods, processes, and systems (three for graduate fellows, two • Apply statistical thinking to to consolidate and analyze for undergraduate interns) to biomedical research problems unstructured and structured [email protected]. diverse data sources to gener- Contact: Gizem Korkmaz, • Analyze real-world biomedical ate actionable insights and data and interpret the results [email protected]; solutions for client services University of Virginia, 1100 • Develop statistical program- and product enhancement. Wilson Blvd., Suite #2910, ming skills in SAS, R, and Apply: https://travl.rs/2IrnCxr Arlington VA 22209 other languages Contact: Kathy Ziff, kziff@ • Develop and practice com- travelers.com USFDA, Office munication of statistical methods and results of Biostatistics, CDER through written reports and University of Virginia Silver Spring, Maryland oral presentations Biocomplexity Institute Positions: Multiple • Receive guidance and and the School of Data Type of Student: Graduate stu- mentoring regarding their Science dents with strong background future studies and career Arlington, Virginia; Charlottesville, coursework in biostatistics trajectory Virginia or statistics; completion of doctoral prequalifying exams The internship will run for Positions: 8+ undergraduate preferred 8–10 weeks from June to and 4+ graduate Deadline: March 15, 2021, August. Depending on the Type of Student: with rolling offers COVID-19 situation, it will Undergraduate students take place either in person or (including recent graduates) We anticipate having multiple remotely. Interns will be paid a in any discipline and gradu- internship positions available stipend, which will be depen- ate students (MS or PhD) with for advanced PhD gradu- dent on academic level, expe- quantitative/analytical skills ate students in statistics or rience, and work schedule. enrolled at any US university biostatistics from May 24 to September 3, 2021, to engage Apply: https://bit.ly/35sBvEN Deadline: January 31, 2021 in research projects on topics Contact: Constantine The program will run for 11 relevant to OB scientific needs. Daskalakis, constantine.daska- weeks (May 24 to August 6) Interns will gain hands-on [email protected] for graduate fellows and 10 experience with regulatory weeks (June 1 to August 6) research projects under the for undergraduate interns. guidance of an expert OB Travelers Fellows and interns will work Hartford, Connecticut; St. Paul, mentor using real or simulated Minnesota in teams collaborating with data to address real problems postdoctoral associates, in a stimulating, collaborative, Positions: 35 research faculty, and project and supportive environment. Type of Student: Graduate stakeholders. The research teams will combine disci- Apply: Send CV and cover Deadline: February 28, 2021 plines—including statistics, letter to CDER-OTS-OB- As a DSLDP intern at Travelers, data science, and the social [email protected] with you will be exposed to a chal- and behavioral sciences—to APPLICATION ORISE 2021 in lenging professional work address complex problems the subject line. If you have experience in data science proposed by local, state, and a question, use QUESTION with planned activities giving federal agencies. ORISE 2021 as the subject. n you insight into the Travelers community and the many

40 amstat news december 2020 awards & deadlines

Jeanne E. Griffith Mentoring

Nominations for the 2021 Jeanne E. Griffith Mentoring Award Recent Jeanne E. Griffith will be accepted until March 19, Mentoring Award Recipients 2021. The award recipient—a 2020: Rajeshwari supervisor, technical director, team coordinator, or other statisti- Sundaram cal staff member—will be selected 2019: Sharon Boivin for his or her efforts to support 2018: Howard Hogan the work and develop the careers of junior staff in the statistical 2018: Carol Gotway community in federal, state, or Crawford local government. Preference will be given to individuals with a 2017: Cynthia Ogden track record of mentoring gov- 2016: Diane K. Willimack ernment statisticians. Examples Jeanne E. Griffith of typical mentoring activities 2015: Aldo “Skip” Vecchia MORE ONLINE include the following: 2014: J. Gregory Robinson The ASA has an extensive awards who died in August 2001 after • Advising junior staff to help 2014: Kenneth C. program. Visit Amstat working for more than 25 years them create career oppor- Schoendorf News online for tunities, networking skills, in the federal statistical system. nomination deadlines: and contacts for growth and Throughout her career, and 2013: Brian Harris-Kojetin https://bit.ly/3pxuNoZ. development especially in her latter senior management positions at the 2012: William P. Mockovak • Counseling junior staff and National Center for Education 2011: Jenise L. Swall providing resources to help Statistics and National Science develop their technical writ- Foundation, one of Griffith’s ing, analysis, presentation, highest priorities was to men- and organizational skills tor and encourage younger staff the chair of the award committee, and knowledge at all levels to learn and grow, Raji Sundaram, at sundaramr2@ • Encouraging the growth and as well as recognize and seize mail.nih.gov. career development of junior career opportunities as they staff through attendance and came along. Award Sponsors oral presentations at meetings The nomination form and • American Educational with higher-level officials, guidelines are available from Research Association staff of other agencies, profes- the Government Statistics sional associations, training • American Institutes for Section website at https://bit. Research courses, and conferences ly/36GlXMQ. The award com- • Motivating junior staff and mittee will determine the award • Council of Professional building self-confidence by winner in April. The award will Associations on Federal providing feedback, being a consist of a $1,000 honorarium, Statistics listener when needed, and citation, and plaque, which • Government Statistics creating a caring and sup- will be presented at a ceremony Section, ASA portive environment arranged by the cosponsors. The nomination package must • Interagency Council on • Serving as a role model for be emailed to ASA Professional Statistical Policy junior staff through pro- Development and Sections fessional expertise; infor- • Research Triangle Institute and Chapters Manager Rick mation and insight; the Peterson at [email protected] or • Social Statistics Section, ASA balance of collegial and personal roles; and the inclu- mailed to the Jeanne E. Griffith • Washington Statistical sion of everyone regardless Mentoring Award Committee Society, ASA of rank, race, ethnicity, gen- c/o The American Statistical • Westat der identity, or seniority Association, 732 N. Washington St., Alexandria, VA 22314-1943. Contact Bill Mockovak at The award was established Questions about the award [email protected] to co- to honor Jeanne E. Griffith, can be addressed to Peterson or sponsor the award. n

december 2020 amstat news 41 awards & deadlines

Gertrude M. Cox Award O’Brien, WSS President-elect Mark Otto, Daryl Creel of RTI, The Gertrude M. Cox Award Phil Kott of RTI, and Marcus Committee is seeking nomina- Berzofsky (co-chair) of RTI. tions for the 2021 Gertrude M. Recent recipients are Sharon Cox Award. Lohr, Alan Zaslavsky, Tom Belin, The award was established Vance Berger, Francesca Domenici, in 2003 through a joint agree- Thomas Lumley, Jean Opsomer, ment between the Washington Michael Elliott, Nilanjan Statistical Society (WSS) and Chatterjee, Amy Herring. n RTI International. It annually recognizes an early to mid-career Waksberg Award statistician (fewer than 15 years The journal Survey Methodology after terminal degree in statistics established an annual invited or related field) who has made paper series to honor the late significant contributions to one Joseph Waksberg and recognize or more of the areas in which his outstanding contributions Gertrude Cox worked: sur- to survey statistics and method- vey methodology, experimental ology. Each year, a prominent design, biostatistics, and statisti- survey statistician is chosen to cal computing. write a paper that reviews the The award—which includes development and current state of a $1,000 honorarium, travel an important topic in the survey expenses to attend the WSS Gertrude M. Cox statistics and methodology field. Annual Dinner, and a commemo- The paper reflects the mixture of rative WSS plaque—is presented theory and practice that charac- at the WSS Annual Dinner, usu- 1949, became the first woman terized Joseph Waksberg’s work. ally held in June, with the recipi- elected into the International The recipient of the Waksberg ent delivering a talk on a topic of Statistical Institute. She served as Award will receive an honorari- general interest to the WSS mem- president of both the American um and give the 2022 Waksberg bership before the dinner. Statistical Association (1956) Invited Address at the Statistics In 1945, Cox became direc- and IBS (1968–1969). In 1975, Canada Symposium, expected tor of the Institute of Statistics she was elected to the National to be held in the autumn of of the Consolidated University Academy of Sciences. 2022. The paper will be pub- of North Carolina. In the Email nominations to Marcus lished in an upcoming issue of 1950s, as head of the depart- Berzofsky at [email protected] by Survey Methodology (targeted for ment of experimental statistics February, 28, 2021. The applica- December 2022). at North Carolina State College, tion should consist of the candi- The author of the 2022 she played a key role in estab- date’s CV (or a link to it) and a Waksberg paper will be selected lishing mathematical statistics supporting statement from the by a four-person committee and biostatistics departments nominator. Additional support- appointed by Survey Methodology at The University of North ing statements can be submitted and the American Statistical Carolina. Upon her retirement to strengthen the application. Association. Nominations of from North Carolina State If you previously nominated individuals to be considered as University in 1960, Cox became a candidate and wish that nomi- authors or suggestions for topics the first head of the Statistical nation to be reconsidered, you should be sent before February Research Division at the newly must resubmit the nomination. 28, 2021, to the chair of the founded RTI. She was a found- The award committee consists committee, Jean Opsomer, at ing member of the International of WSS President Jill Dever (co- [email protected]. n Biometric Society (IBS) and, in chair), WSS Past President Eileen

42 amstat news december 2020 people news

A Statistical Star from the East Shines in the West Barry D. Nussbaum

n the summer of 2020, the University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC) wonI a $900,000 Maryland E-Nnovation Initiative Fund grant, which will match $900,000 privately raised to establish an endowed chair of statistics that honors Bimal Sinha at UMBC. The privately donated funds are the first endowed chair gift at UMBC. The new chair will be called the “Sinha Ennovation Chair.” Sinha won the UMBC Presidential Research Professor Bimal Sinha of the University of Maryland Baltimore County was recently honored with an Award in 2008 and the endowed chair of statistics named after him. The Sinha E-Nnovation Chair comes after the University System of Maryland university won a $900,000 grant. Board of Regents Excellence in Research Award in 2012. He is a This is proven by the number way he grew the UMBC statistics fellow of the American Statistical of undergraduate majors in sta- group from three faculty mem- Association and Institute of tistics nearly doubling in the last bers in 1985 into a statistics pow- Mathematical Statistics and five years, from 34 in fall 2014 to erhouse both domestically and an elected member of the 62 in fall 2019. It has also grown internationally. The program now International Statistical Institute. immensely in international has 10 faculty members, four of His research activities span stature with the creation of the whom are fellows of the ASA. topics in theoretical and applied Annual International Conference With these funds, the Sinha statistics, including multivariate on Statistics in Africa. The pro- Ennovative Chair will be estab- analysis, linear models, ranked gram has teamed up with a half lished to help UMBC meet the set sampling, environmental sta- dozen African universities to pro- growing demand of educating, tistics, statistical meta-analysis, duce a top-quality conference in training, and mentoring statis- and data analysis under confi- several African nations and led tics undergraduate and graduate dentiality protection. Sinha has to African students being able to students. In particular, this pro- served on the editorial board of study in the US. fessorship will increase the depth a number of national and inter- The true measure of Sinha’s and variety of the UMBC statis- national statistics journals. He accomplishments, however, is the tics graduate program. n has coedited several volumes and coauthored four books. In addition to research, he has proven to be a skilled analyst for practi- Ruth Etzioni cal problems, having consulted Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research screening and early detection, particu- with the US Environmental Center biostatistician and ASA Fellow larly in breast and prostate cancers. Protection Agency and US Ruth Etzioni was named the inaugural Etzioni has been with Fred Hutchinson Census Bureau. He is also a ded- recipient of the Rosalie and Harold Rea for 30 years, and this leadership gift will icated professor, having guided Brown Endowed Chair. allow her to continue her work, “but more than 30 students through The new endowed chair will help with a little more breathing room,” noted PhD degrees. advance Etzioni’s population science Diane Mapes of Fred Hutchinson. The statistics program at research, which focuses on cancer Read more at https://bit.ly/2KbV5wM. UMBC has seen rapid growth.

december 2020 amstat news 43 people news sectionnews Q&P Outlines Focus Areas for 2021 Richard L. Warr, Q&P Section Chair-Elect The Quality and Productivity (Q&P) Section executive committee met on October 28 to discuss areas of focus for 2021. Among the items discussed were areas going well for the section, possible areas of growth and outreach, and a few areas needing attention. The following areas were identified as areas needing attention: • Update the section operating manual. This manual is roughly 19 years old and needs an update to account for the changes in the community and to facilitate efficient operation of the section. Emery N. Brown gives the keynote address, “Uncovering the Mechanisms Specifically, some position descriptions in of General Anesthesia: Where Neuroscience Meets Statistics,” during the the section should be created, updated, Symposium on Data Science and Statistics in May 2018. or eliminated. The goal of this effort is to streamline the operations of the section. The Society for Neuroscience recently awarded the • Redefine the meeting venues for the Swartz Prize for Theoretical and Computational annual strategic and tactical planning Neuroscience to Emery N. Brown, Edward meetings. With the rapid spread and acceptance of teleconferencing in 2020, Hood Taplin Professor of Medical Engineer- we have the opportunity to be more ing and Computational Neuroscience at MIT. inclusive, take less time, and save signifi- Brown, a member of The Picower Institute for cant expenses when conducting annual Learning and Memory and the Institute for Medical meetings. The current manual directs Engineering and Science, as well as the Warren M. the strategic planning meeting should Zapol Professor at Harvard Medical School, is a occur at QPRC each year. We agreed that neuroscientist, statistician, and practicing anes- holding this meeting within a few weeks thesiologist at Massachusetts General Hospital. of QPRC would be beneficial; however, His research has produced principled and efficient we should no longer require attendance new methods for decoding patterns of neural and be tied to QPRC attendance (although brain network activity and advanced neuroscientific QPRC attendance is still encouraged). understanding of how anesthetics affect the brain, The same decision was made for the tacti- which can improve patient care. cal planning meeting that has historically “Dr. Brown’s seminal scientific contributions to been held in conjunction with JSM. neural signal processing and the theory of anesthetic The duties of the treasurer position are the mechanisms, together with his service as an educa- most complex in the section. The current trea- tor and a physician, make him highly deserving of surer (Sharad Prabhu) has served many years and the 2020 Swartz Prize,” Society for Neuroscience performed admirably. He knows the position President Barry Everitt said in a press release well; however, as the complexity of the position announcing the award. “Dr. Brown has demon- is likely to increase, it is prudent to create an strated an unusually broad knowledge of neuro- assistant treasurer position to assist and possibly science, a deep understanding of theoretical and grow into the treasurer position. We will explore computational tools, and an uncanny ability to find the possibility of creating this position. explanatory simplicity lurking beneath complicated To better facilitate communication, we will observational phenomena.” attempt to create a regularly scheduled time for The prize, which includes $30,000, was award- section executive committee meetings, held every ed during the Society for Neuroscience’s Awards two months. Additionally, we will explore the Announcement Week, October 26–29. possibility of creating position email accounts to Read the full announcement at https://bit. facilitate continuity as transitions occur. n ly/36HA3O0. n

44 amstat news december 2020 professional opportunities

Tenure-Track Faculty Position Professional Opportunity listings may not exceed 65 words, plus equal opportunity information. The deadline for their receipt is the 20th of the month two months prior Cornell University to when the ad is to be published (e.g., May 20 for the July issue). Ads will be pub- Ithaca campus lished in the next available issue following receipt. Cornell University’s School of Operations Re- Listings are shown alphabetically by state, followed by international listings. Vacancy search and Information Engineering (ORIE) seeks to fill a tenure-track faculty position for listings may include the institutional name and address or be identified by number, its Ithaca campus. Although priority will be as desired. given to junior candidates, candidates at all levels will be considered. We welcome strong Professional Opportunities vacancies also will be published on the ASA’s website applicants at the interface of operations re- (www.amstat.org). Vacancy listings will appear on the website for the entire calendar search and data science, especially those with a focus on supply chain, revenue management, month. Ads may not be placed for publication in the magazine only; all ads will be and pricing. published both electronically and in print. Requisite is a strong interest in the broad These listings and additional information about the 65-word ads can be found at mission of the School, exceptional potential ww2.amstat.org/ads. for leadership in research and education, an ability and willingness to teach at all levels Employers are expected to acknowledge all responses resulting from publication of of the program, and a Ph.D. in operations research, mathematics, statistics, or a related their ads. Personnel advertising is accepted with the understanding that the adver- field by the start of the appointment. Salary tiser does not discriminate among applicants on the basis of race, sex, religion, age, will be appropriate to qualifications and engineering school norms. color, national origin, handicap, or sexual orientation. Also, look for job ads on the ASA website at https://jobs.amstat.org/jobseekers. Cornell ORIE is a diverse group of high-quality researchers and educators interested in probability, optimization, statistics, machine learning, simulation, game theory, and a wide array of applications such as health care, California origin, sex, pregnancy, sexual orienta- e-commerce, supply chains, scheduling, man- ufacturing, transportation systems, financial ■ The Department of Statistics in the tion, gender identity, gender expres- engineering, service systems and network Donald Bren School of Information sion, parental status, marital status, science. We value mathematical and techni- age, disability, citizenship status, cal depth and innovation, and experience with and Computer Sciences at the applications and practice. Ideal candidates University of California, Irvine invites veteran status, genetic information, or will have correspondingly broad training and applications for a tenure-track faculty any other protected class. Individuals interests. position at the assistant rank level from all diverse backgrounds are A complete application should include a cover beginning July 1, 2021. The review of encouraged to apply. Hiring is con- letter, CV, statements of teaching and research applications will begin November 16, tingent upon eligibility to work in the interests, statement of diversity, equity, and United States. For more information, inclusion, sample publications, at least three 2020 but applications will be accepted reference letters, and, for junior applicants, until December 11, 2020. Please visit please see the University’s Policy on a Doctoral transcript. Applications for the https://recruit.ap.uci.edu/JPF06327 for Discrimination and Harassment at position should be submitted on AJO at https:// https://bit.ly/38DY8rT. academicjobsonline.org/ajo/jobs/17076. more information and to apply. EOE. Applications completed by November 13, 2020 will receive full consideration, although Massachusetts we urge candidates to submit the required Illinois ■ material as soon as possible. Applications will ■ The Department of Statistics at Assistant Professor, Department of be accepted until the position is filled. Northwestern University invites Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health. All outstanding ORIE and the College of Engineering at applications for a non-tenure track Cornell embrace diversity and seek candidates assistant professor of instruction applicants committed to excellence in who can contribute to a welcoming climate in statistics position beginning fall scholarship and teaching are encour- for students of all races and genders. Cornell aged to apply, especially candidates with University seeks to meet the needs of dual 2021. This is a full-time benefits career couples, has a Dual Career program, eligible position. Applicants should expertise in big data analytics or related and is a member of the Upstate New York disciplines. Possibility of a second- Higher Education Recruitment Consortium to have an earned doctorate in statistics assist with dual career searches. Visit www. or a related field. Apply at https:// ary appointment with the Faculty of unyherc.org/home to see positions available bit.ly/2Ip6WH1 and include a cover Computing and Data Sciences. Boston in higher education in the upstate New York area. letter, curriculum vitae, teaching/ University is committed to fostering a research statement, and three ref- diverse and inclusive community. Apply erence letters. Questions to Kisa at https://bit.ly/2UlaL2k. EOE. Kowal at: k-kowal@northwestern. New Mexico Diversity and Inclusion are a part of Cor- edu. Northwestern University is an nell University’s heritage. We are a recog- ■ The University of New Mexico nized employer and educator valuing AA/ equal opportunity, affirmative action EEO, Protected Veterans and Individu- employer and does not discriminate Clinical and Translational Science als with Disabilities. We also recognize a against qualified individuals on the Center (CTSC) invites applications lawful preference in employment practices for Native Americans living on or near basis of race, color, religion, national for a non-clinical, PhD-level staff Indian reservations.

december 2020 amstat news 45 biostatistician to support clinical and translational research. The primary role of the biostatistician will be to provide bio- statistical support to researchers and ongoing research programs. Find out more and apply: https://bit.ly/3klxqGz. EOE. New York ■ The Statistics Group in the Department of Technology, Operations and Statistics at the Stern School of Business, New York University invites applications for a tenure-track position at the assistant professor level starting September 2021 (no extension beyond this date). Candidates should have a PhD, or must have successfully defended their doctoral dissertation prior to appointment. More information can be found at apply.interfolio.com/80670. EOE Virginia ■ The GMU Department of Statistics invites applications for multiple tenure- track/tenured positions beginning Fall 2021. Senior candidates with outstanding

The Department of Statistics at Texas A&M University Accepting Applications for TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY Multiple Faculty Positions Statistics The Department of Statistics at Texas A&M University anticipates multiple tenure-track Assistant Professor positions (outstanding starting Associate Professors could also be considered) to begin August 15, 2021 - August 15, 2022.All positions will be full-time, 9-month appointments. Completion of all requirements for a PhD/DSc degree in Statistics or a related field prior to beginning employment is required. The department encourages persons from all areas of research to apply, and is particularly interested in expertise in the broad area of data science. Evidence of interdisciplinary research and focus on computational aspects is a plus. In addition to outstanding research, the successful candidate will be expected to teach undergraduate and graduate courses and supervise graduate students. Excellent computing facilities are available and highly competitive startup funding is anticipated.

The Department of Statistics has a tradition of outstanding methodological, theoretic, computational, and interdisciplinary research. Current faculty members actively collaborate with colleagues throughout the whole university. Texas A&M University has a partner placement program and is responsive to the particular needs of dual career couples. To apply, please visit https://apply.interfolio.com/79480. The hiring committee will start to review applications in mid-October. Applications will continue to be accepted until the positions are filled. Please direct all inquiries to Dr. Suhasini Subba Rao, Search Committee Chair at [email protected].

The Texas A&M System is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action/Veterans/Disability Employer committed to diversity. Texas A&M University, the College of Science and the Department of Statistics are dedicated to the goal of building an inclusive and culturally diverse faculty and staff who are committed to teaching and working in an environment of academic freedom and equality of opportunity.

46 amstat news december 2020 research, demonstrated funding, and excellent teaching will be eligible for tenured associate or full professor positions. See https://jobs.gmu.edu/postings/48839 for Possibilities and the complete position description. Apply with position number F582AZ at http:// Probabilities jobs.gmu.edu. The review of applications will continue until the positions are filled. George Mason University is an EOE. If working in an environment that values individuality and diversity and allows you to CANADA innovate, engage in problem solving, and achieve Ontario ■ The Department of Statistics and your professional goals appeals to you, then the Actuarial Science at the University of U.S. Census Bureau is the place for you. Waterloo invites applications for 3 tenure-track or tenured positions in Statistics, Biostatistics or Data Science. A PhD in Statistics, Biostatistics or related areas is required. Apply through www. Your Work as a Mathematical Statistician mathjobs.org/jobs. Include cover letter, CV, research/teaching statements, up to at the Census Bureau three reprints/preprints and three reference letters. Full advertisement https://bit. • Design sample surveys and analyze the data collected. ly/3pf1IP3. EOE. ■

• Design and analyze experiments to improve survey questionnaires and interview procedures.

• Improve statistical methods for modeling and∑ adjustment of seasonal time series. AMSTATNEWS ADVERTISING DIRECTORY • Perform research on statistical methodology that will improve the quality and value of the data collected. Listed below are our display advertisements only. If you are looking for job-placement ads, please see the professional opportunities sec- • Publish research papers and technical documentation tion. For more job listings or more information of your work. about advertising, please visit www.amstat.org.

Requirements professional opportunities Cornell University...... p. 45, cover 3 • U.S. citizenship Texas A&M University...... p. 46 • Bachelor’s, Master’s, or Ph.D with at least 24 semester US Census Bureau...... p. 47 hours in math and statistics (see Web site for more Westat...... p. 46 specifics on required coursework)

software Apply at www.census.gov, click on Census Careers, JMP software from SAS...... cover 4 Type of Position, Professional/Scientific/Technical, Math Statistician miscellaneous/other The U.S. Census Bureau is an Equal Opportunity Employer. opportunities University of Pennsylvania...... p. 33

december 2020 amstat news 47 SOCIAL CHATTER If you wrote a mystery novel about statistics, what would the title be?

FOLLOW US Jessica Lavery • @jessicalavs Kristin Rahn A Series of Unfortunately Insignificant p-values Bayesians Probably community. Know the Ending amstat.org Caleb King • @ckingstats A guest lies slain at an upscale dinner party. Kyle Null www.facebook. Wealthy socialite and part-time sleuth Marilyn Lord’s Paradox com/AmstatNews vos Savant must determine who among the three remaining guests is innocent…and who’s Akbar Ali @AmstatNews out for blood. From Steve Selvin comes an all Through a Jungle new thriller: The Three Prisoners of Monty Hall! www.instagram Simon Nguyen .com/AmstatNews Michael Nute • @michaelnute “A Mysterious Exercise “The Case of the Scientific Community’s Left for the Reader” Obsession with p-values.” Cristine Remy Next month, we’ll Dave Rockoff • @DaveRockoff Data on Relaxing ask, “What do With 95% Confidence The Postman without Stress you miss most on Average Rings Between 1.7-2.3 Times about in-person conferences?” JimBoston • @JimBoston2014 Tag @AmstatNews A Tell Tail Chart in your response. Niall O’Neill • @n1all The Hidden Bias

Roosevelt Economics • @RUEcon One, Two, Buckle My Mu, by Agatha ChristieTest

48 amstat news december 2020

Chair and Professor of the Department of Statistics and Data Science 9-month, tenure-track, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York

Cornell University invites nominations and applications for the position of Professor and Chair of the Department of Statistics and Data Science (stat.cornell.edu). The department has a strong tradition of theoretical and interdisciplinary research and teaching that takes advantage of Cornell University’s extensive and diverse academic community. The Department itself is an interdisciplinary partnership that includes the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences (CALS), the Faculty of Computing and Information Science (CIS), and the School of Industrial and Labor Relations (ILR). Specializations in the department include Statistical Science, Social Statistics, and Biometry and Statistics, with focal points ranging from mathematical statistics, computational statistics and machine learning to the development of statistical methods for astrophysics, ecology, economics, epidemiology, financial modeling, genomics, high dimensional data, neurobiology, legal studies, medicine, public health and risk management. The tenure-track position will be hired at the rank of Full Professor, with the faculty line hosted in CALS. At Cornell University, all professorial faculty must stand for a formal tenure review, which may begin prior to arrival. In addition, the initial administrative term as chair is expected to be 5 years. Applicants should have an internationally recognized research program in one or more of the following areas: statistical methodology, statistical theory or data science. Candidates should be able to demonstrate a commitment to undergraduate and graduate education, leadership experience, a creative vision for future directions of statistics and data science as an academic discipline and a commitment to diversity and collaboration. The chair reports to the lead Dean (CIS) who consults as needed with the CALS and ILR deans and is responsible for the department’s administrative, budgetary, and personnel matters. Successful candidates must demonstrate a vision for supporting, directing, and enhancing the goals of the Department. The successful candidate will also have a record of leadership, active participation in academic affairs, commitment to diversity and inclusion and evidence of excellence in research, teaching, and outreach. A Ph.D. in statistics, biostatistics or related field is required. Statistics and Data Science has 18 tenured and tenure-track professors, 4 lecturers, 36 Ph.D. graduate students, 58 MPS graduate students and over 180 undergraduates. Additional junior faculty hiring is expected. The department is integral to several of Cornell University’s Radical Collaborative Initiatives including Data Science, Sustainability and Social Sciences. Opportunities exist for a strategic leader to integrate departmental activities with broader university programs and the profession by substantially growing the department’s visibility and stature. The College of Agriculture and Life Sciences is a pioneer of purpose-driven science and home to Cornell University’s second largest population of students, faculty and staff. We work across disciplines to tackle the challenges of our time through world-renowned research, education and outreach. The questions we probe and the answers we seek focus on three overlapping concerns: natural and human systems; food, energy and environmental resources; and social, physical and economic well-being. Computing and Information Science (CIS) is a college-level unit founded in recognition that computing is an essential tool in almost every scientific and scholarly discipline. It is a community of people committed to tackling some of the world’s biggest challenges by working together across multiple colleges and two Cornell campuses. CIS is home to the three academic departments that power the information economy: Computer Science, Information Science and Statistics and Data Science. It is known for bold new ideas expressed in high-impact research and scholarship, inspiring educational contributions, and entrepreneurial and commercial engagement. The synergies among faculty, researchers and students make CIS more than the sum of its parts. Cornell University is located in Ithaca, New York, a city of about 35,000 people in the heart of the Finger Lakes region. Both Cornell University and the City of Ithaca offer a wide range of cultural and outdoor activities, with the pleasures of both city and country close at hand. Ithaca is Gorges! Confidential review of applications will begin immediately and continue until the position is filled. For consideration, a curriculum vitae, letter of interest, statement of career goals and research interest, and leadership goals, and a statement of diversity, equity, and inclusion should be submitted. Evaluation of applicants will begin November 30, 2020 and continue until the position is filled. Contact information for references is requested, but will only be used, with permission, from finalists. Nominations, inquiries, and expressions of interest should be submitted confidentially to the search committee chairs, James Booth jim.booth@ cornell.edu or Patrick Sullivan [email protected]. Interested applicants should apply at https://academicjobsonline.org/ajo/jobs/16158. Cornell University is a place where intercultural skills are developed and used everywhere: throughout our diverse campus groups, with our community partners, within our classrooms and in our workplaces. At Cornell, we recognize people with diverse backgrounds and experiences bring great value to education, discovery, creativity, and engagement which is reflected in our long history of diversity and inclusion. Cornell understands the needs of dual career couples, which it attempts to meet through a Dual Career program and membership in the Upstate New York Higher Education Recruitment Consortium, which assists dual career searches. Visit HERC - Higher Education Recruitment Consortium https:// www.hercjobs.org/ to see positions available in higher education in the upstate New York area. Cornell and Ithaca are family-friendly communities: Cornell offers a rich array of services, programs and benefits to help employees advance in their career and enhance the quality of personal life, including employee wellness, workshops, childcare and adoption assistance, parental leave and flexible work options. For more details, visit:Family Life Resources for Faculty at: https://hr.cornell.edu/sites/default/files/documents/family_resources_faculty.pdf. Employment Assistance: If you require an accommodation for a disability in order to complete an employment application or to participate in the recruiting process, you are encouraged to contact Cornell University’s Department of Inclusion and Workforce Diversity at voice (607) 255-3976, fax (607) 255-7481, or email at [email protected]. For general questions about the position or the application process, please contact the Recruiter listed in the job posting. Applicants that do not have internet access are encouraged to visit your local library, or local Department of Labor. You may also visit the office of Workforce Recruitment and Retention Monday - Friday between the hours of 8:30 a.m. – 4:30 p.m. to use a dedicated workstation to complete an online application. Notice to Applicants: Please read the required Notice to Applicants statement by visiting https://hr.cornell.edu/ important-notice-applicants. This notice contains important information about applying for a position at Cornell as well as some of your rights and responsibilities as an applicant.

Diversity and Inclusion are a part of Cornell University’s heritage. We are a recognized employer and educator valuing AA/EEO, Protected Veterans and Individuals with Disabilities. We also recognize a lawful preference in employment practices for Native Americans living on or near Indian reservations. Cornell University is an innovative Ivy League university and a great place to work. Our inclusive community of scholars, students, and staff impart an uncommon sense of larger purpose, and contribute creative ideas to further the university’s mission of teaching, discovery, and engagement. Ed Hutchins, Cree Product Engineering Manager

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