!! ! ! ! :! ! ! ! The!Pantanal! and!Amazon!

June!9!–!23,!2015! Guided!by!Andrew!Spencer! all#photos#by#the#guide# By!any!metric,!Brazil!is!a!huge!country.!!Huge!size,!huge!!list,!huge!habitat!variety,! hugely!fun,!this!country!doesn’t!do!things!in!half!measures!!!And!birding!in!Brazil!is!shaped! by!this!–!you!need!multiple!trips!to!cover!the!many!different!locations,!avifaunas,!and! endemics!on!tap.!!The! Pantanal!and!Amazon! areas!of!Brazil!are!two! major!parts!of!that! puzzle,!and!trips!there! offer!both!the!huge!lists! typical!of!a!trip!to!the! country,!as!well!as! some!of!the!best!bird! and!wildlife!viewing!in! the!hemisphere.! ! This!trip!was!a!custom! tour!mirroring!our!setC departure,!and!like!our! setCdeparture!offered! an!unmatched!mix!of! the!midCboggling! variety!of!the!Amazon! to!the!stunning!scenery! of!the!Chapada!to!the! AfricaCesque!wildlife!spectacle!of!the!Pantanal.!!Combine!that!with!a!good!variety!of! mammals!that!included!two!beautiful!cat!species,!and!you!have!a!trip!unlike!any!other!in! South!America.! ! The!Chapada! ! Early!is!the!name!of!the!game!in!this!part!of!Brazil!–!with!midday!temperatures!renowned! for!their!heights,!it!pays!to!get!out!early.!!And!luckily,!early!mornings!are!gorgeous,!with! very!pleasant!conditions!and!lots!and!lots!of!!!!Our!first!day!was!no!exception!to!all!of! the!above.!!We!left!exceptionally!early,!with!the!goal!of!making!to!the!Chapada!right!after! dawn.!!Getting!through!Cuiaba!was!nice!and!painless,!and!we!found!ourselves!on!a!road! through!drier!Cerrado!habitat!right!on!queue.!!! ! The!birds!proceeded!to!come!quickly!and!furiously.!!ShrikeClike!WhiteFbanded!Tanagers! fought!to!hold!our!attention!while!noisy!WhiteFrumped!Tanagers!and!gaudy!BurnishedF buff!Tanagers!moved!around!nearby.!!A!charismatic!trio!of!WhiteFeared!Puffbirds!were! wonderfully!cooperative!along!the!road,!and!good!flowering!conditions!meant!decent! numbers!of!hummers!(including!lots!of!WhiteFvented!Violetears,!a!few!WhiteFtailed! Goldenthroats,!a!single!BlueFtufted!Starthroat!among!others).!!In!the!skulky!category,!we! managed!to!tease!out!a!pair!of!RustyFbacked!Antwrens,!a!single!RufousFwinged! Antshrike,!and!a!PaleFbreasted!Spinetail.! ! Moving!along!the!road,!we!soon!found!another!flock!that!gave!us!two!of!the!most!sought! after!Chapada!specialties!–!the!stunning!CoalFcrested!Finch,!and!the!anything!but!stunning! (but!very!local)!Chapada!Flycatcher.!!A!very!close!calling!SmallFbilled!Tinamou!played! hide!and!seek!with!us!until!I!positioned!everyone!at!a!likely!looking!spot,!and!walked! around!the!songster! to!chase!it!towards! them.!!I’m!not!sure! anyone!was!really! expecting!this!to! work!(me! included!),!but!I’m! quite!happy!to!say! that!it!gave! everyone!a!slamC dunk!view!of!this! rarely!seen!species.! ! After!an!early!lunch,! we!headed!out! again,!this!time!to! an!overview!known! for!having!a!few! rare!species.!! Unfortunately!it!had! heated!up!by!now,! and!our!morning’s!luck!didn’t!hold.!!Undaunted,!we!continued!on!to!another!road!nearby,! and!here!lady!luck!found!us!again.!!At!our!parking!spot!we!encountered!some!excellent! activity,!which!included!a!very!rare!RufousFtailed!Attila!among!more!common!specialties! such!as!Crested!Becard!and!PaleFheaded!Woodpecker.! ! Moving!down!the!road,!we!enjoyed!relatively!good!activity,!including!views!of!the!superC shy!Southern!Antpipit,!the!superCcolorful!BandFtailed!Manakin,!and!the!just!plain!super! FieryFcapped!Manakin.!!A!nice!pair!of!LargeFbilled!Antwrens!and!a!SepiaFcapped! Flycatcher!founded!out!the!haul.! ! The!last!birding!location!of!the!day!was!at!yet!another!road,!this!time!through!taller!gallery! .!!The!overall!activity!level!wasn’t!high,!but!we!managed!a!smattering!of!new!species,! including!White!Woodpecker,!a!couple!of!SootyFfronted!Spinetails,!and!some! Flavescent!Warblers.! ! The!next!morning!we!didn’t!have!a!whole!lot!of!time!to!bird!before!our!flight!to!Alta! Floresta,!but!we!did!manage!to!return!to!the!same!road!from!the!evening!before.!!Arriving! right!after!dawn!we!found!much!better!activity,!and!soon!wracked!up!Moustached!Wren,!a! handsome!GreenFbarred!Woodpecker,!rare!BlueFwinged!Parrotlet,!and!some! exceptionally!nice!views!of!Pectoral!Sparrow,!among!others.! ! Cristalino! ! At!the!southern!edge!of!the!Amazon,!Cristalino!Jungle!Lodge!is!among!the!premier!birding! locations!on!the!continent!of!South!America.!!To!take!advantage!of!its!lofty!position!we!had! scheduled!four!full!days!in!this!birding!Mecca.! ! The!birding!on!our!first!day!there!was!mostly!limited!to!the!ride!in!along!the!river,!which! (as!with!any!ride!along!the!river!here)!was!wonderfully!birdy.!!The!best!sighting!was!a! cooperative!Sungrebe,!but!we!also!enjoyed!some!RedFthroated!PipingFGuans,!the! corroded!bronzeCcolored!Green!Ibis,!oodles!of!more!common!species!such!as!Ringed!and! Amazon!Kingfishers,! WhiteFbanded!Swallow,! and!even!a!couple!of! Sunbitterns.! ! Our!first!morning!at!the! lodge!was!spent!at!tower!2,! one!of!the!two!towers! Cristalino!has!on!tap.!! Gretting!the!dawn!on!an! Amazonian!canopy!tower!is! truly!a!sublime!experience,! and!this!day!was!no! exception.!!Before!we!had! even!climbed!up!we!scored! some!excellent!views!of!a! male!Pavonine!Quetzal! right!by!the!tower!base.!!Up! on!top,!we!were!soon! immersed!in!activity,! including!everything!from! three!macaw!species,!the! dapper!Gould’s!Toucanet,! gaudy!CurlFcrested! Aracari,!painfully!blue! Spangled!Cotinga,!and! wineCcolored!Pompadour! Cotinga,!and!a!host!of! glittering!tanagers!that! included!Paradise!and! OpalFrumped.! ! As!it!heated!up!above!the! canopy,!we!decided!to! return!to!the!cooler!forest! floor,!where!a!whole!new! suite!of!birds!awaited.!!It!didn’t!take!long!to!run!into!some!truly!excellent!flocks!with!some! very!rare!species!(as!well!as!a!whole!host!of!more!common!ones!)!!The!rarer!ones!included! such!goodies!as!Cinnamon!Neopipo,!Whiskered!Flycatcher,!and!SpotFthroated! Woodcreeper,!while!the!more!common!had!such!exotic!birds!as!WhiteFwinged!ShrikeF Tanager,!LongFwinged!Antwren,!Saturnine!Antshrike,!and!ChestnutFwinged!Hookbill,! among!many!others.!!A!singing!WhiteFcrested!Spadebill,!while!not!part!of!the!flock!itself,! still!occupied!some!of!our!time!as!we!sought!it!out!and!then!enjoyed!some!stellar!views.! ! For!the!afternoon!we!switched!gears,!and!headed!back!down!the!Cristalino!to!the!larger! Teles!Pires!River.!!Here!our!goal!was!three!different!river!islands,!of!differing!successional! stages.!!The!first,!a!young!island!with!very!short!vegetation,!soon!gave!up!its!target! Amazonian! Tyrannulet!and! LadderFtailed! Nightjar,!while! some!BlackF collared! Swallows!played! around!the!rapids! nearby.!!! ! The!next!island,!a! much!larger!place! with!an!old!ranch! house!and!some! taller!,!had!a! different!group!of! birds!that!included! Glossy!and! ChestnutFbacked! Antshrikes,! Spotted!TodyF Flycatcher,!Drab! WaterFTyrant!(next!page),!and!RedFcapped!Cardinal.!!Our!final!location!of!the!day!was!a! much!older!island!just!upstream,!where!tall!forests!are!the!haunt!of!one!of!those!iconic! birds!of!the!Amazon,!Amazonian!Umbrellabird.!!Evening!is!the!best!time!to!see!this! charismatic!species,!and!we!arrived!right!on!queue.!!It!didn’t!take!long!until!we!had!some! nice!views,!and!called!the!day!a!success.! ! Our!next!morning’s!outing!brought!us!well!upstream,!to!a!trail!through!beautiful!Terra( Firme!forest!with!some!nice!bamboo!stands.!!Birding!here!consists!of!a!mix!of!looking!for! flocks!and!listening!for!vocalizing!species!to!seek!out.!!The!flock!part!of!the!morning!was!a! clear!winner,!and!we!found!several!good!mixedCspecies!flocks.!!The!first!of!these!had!such! goodies!as!CurveFbilled!(Tapajos)!Scythebill,!WhiteFeyed!Antwren,!the!indicator!species! Cinereous!Antshrike,!and!a!number!of!others.!!Another!flock!was!especially!good!for! furnariids,!and!had!Amazonian!Barred!Woodcreeper,!Layard’s!Woodcreeper,!and! RufousFtailed!FoliageFgleaner.!!And!finally,!a!canopy!flock!or!two!gave!us!neckCbreaking! species!like!Pygmy!Antwren!and!Fasciated!Antshrike.! ! Among!the!seekC themCout!singing! species!in!the! understory!we!also! managed!a!nice!haul,! starting!with!the! often!hard! Cinereous! Mourner.!!Other! specialties!included! the!bambooCloving! DuskyFcheeked! FoliageFgleaner,! local!Manu!,! not!so!local!Striated! Antbird,!recently! split!Xingu!ScaleF bcaked!Antbird,! and!LargeFheaded! Flatbill.!!Manakins! were!quite!vocal!throughout!the!walk,!but!unfortunately!BlueCbacked!Manakin!remained!a! heardConly.!!We!had!better!luck!with!SnowFcapped!Manakin,!which!was!good!considering! how!much!harder!that!species!is!to!find!away!from!Cristalino.! ! We!rounded!out!our!time!in!the!forest!with!the!stunning!RoseFbreasted!Chat,!weird!SlateF colored!Grosbeak,!and!a!nice!YellowFthroated!Woodpecker.!!Before!heading!back!to!the! lodge!for!lunch!we!made!one!last!stop!in!some!viney,!riverside!forest!were!we!soon!found! the!target!FlameFcrowned!Manakin,!as!well!as!a!couple!of!Bronzy!Jacamars.! ! For!the!afternoon!we!went!slightly!downstream,!and!birded!a!trail!through!Varzea! (seasonally!flooded)!forest.!!Being!the!afternoon,!the!activity!was!a!bit!lower,!but!quality! was!high!!!A!calling!RufousFtailed!Flatbill!played!hard!to!get,!with!brief!views!only,!but!a! nice!canopy!flock!was!a!bit!better,!and!even!produced!the!rare!Guianan!(Para)! Gnatcatcher.!!A!vocalizing!Amazonian!Antshrike!came!in!beautifully,!as!did!a!pair!of!the! beautifully!patterned!Amazonian!StreakedFAntwrens.!Beautifully!patterned!is!something! no!one!would!ever!accuse!a!Zimmer’s!TodyFTyrant!of!being,!but!we!also!managed!some! good!looks!at!this!often!difficult!species!as!well.! ! With!the!evening!fast!approaching,!it!was!time!to!start!heading!back.!!The!bird!activity! continued!as!we!worked!our!way!out,!and!we!scored!a!lastCminute!WhiteFcrowned! Manakin!and!a!couple!of!BlueFcheeked!Jacamars!before!we!had!to!tear!ourselves!away.! ! Perhaps!the!most!unique!habitat!at!Cristalino!is!the!fairly!short,!dry!woodland!on!top!of! some!of!the!hills!just!off!the!river.!!One!of!these!was!our!location!for!the!next!morning,!and! our!typical!early!breakfast!and!departure!had!us!walking!through!the!forest!before!it!was! even!too!light!to!see!the!birds.!!Breaking!out!into!the!more!open!forest!right!as!the!light!got! good,!we!soon!scored!the!diminutive!ShortFtailed!PygmyFTyrant.!!Reasonable!flower! volume!had!quite!a!few!hummingbirds,!including!quite!a!few!BlackFthroated!Mangos!but! not!the!hoped!for!awlbill.!!Arriving!at!a!view!point,!we!spent!some!time!at!a!natural!canopy! tower,!waiting!for!birds!to!come!to!us.! ! And!come!to!us!they!did!!!Small!groups!of!tanagers!moved!through!at!varying!times,!and! included!Turquoise,!BlueFnecked,!and!BayFheaded!Tanagers.!!The!viewpoint!also! proved!good!for!flycatchers,!and!we!found!a!Rufous!Casiornis,!several!LongFtailed! Tyrants,!and!a!couple!of!YellowFbreasted!“OchreFlored”!Flycatchers.!!A!wonderful! variety!of!puffbirds!also!put!in!an!appearance,!and!included!Striolated,!WhiteFnecked,!and! Pied!Puffbirds,!and!WhiteFfronted!Nunbird.! ! Leaving!the!viewpoint!we!traversed!the!open!hilltop,!picking!up!a!smattering!of!new! species.!!Included!among!these!was!a!pair!of!Sibilant!Sirystes,!the!skulking!Southern! WhiteFfringed!Antwren,!a!beautiful!Paradise!Jacamar,!and!the!local!Natterer’s!SlatyF Antshrike,!before!we!circled!around!and!descended!again!into!the!taller!forest.! ! Back!in!the!humid!woodland!we!checked!out!a!stakeout!of!mine!for!WhiteFbrowed!and! Blackish!,! both!of!which! eventually! responded.!! Switching!back!to! flock!birding!mode,! we!teased!out!a!few! species!we!still! needed,!including! BroadFbilled! Motmot,!ChestnutF crowned!Becard,! Ornate!Antwren,! and!Helmeted! PygmyFTyrant! before!calling!it!a! morning.! ! Immediately!after! lunch!we!headed! out!again!(unusual!for!birding!Cristalino,!when!that!time!is!best!spent!resting),!on!a!tip!of!a! day!roosting!LongFtailed!Potoo!(see!the!cover!photo).!!And!man!did!it!pay!off!!!Not!only! was!it!roosting!in!full!view,!it!was!roosting!uncharacteristically!low,!and!gave!us!some!of! the!best!views!of!the!species!I’ve!ever!had.! For!the!afternoon!we!decided!to!walk!a!trail!that!started!at!the!lodge!grounds,!and! traversed!an!area!of!good!Terra(Firme!forest.!!Typically!for!an!afternoon,!the!activity!wasn’t! high!and!we!adopted!a!more!targeted!approach.!!This!paid!off!with!one!of!the!most! cooperative!WhiteFchinned!Woodcreepers!I’ve!ever!had!the!pleasure!of!encountering,!as! well!as!a!less!cooperative!GreenFbacked!Trogon!that!finally!gave!everyone!a!look.!!A!small! antswarm!didn’t!have!a!whole!lot!of!birds!at!it,!but!did!have!a!cooperative!Amazonian! Barred!Woodcreeper,!a!far!less!cooperative!RedFbilled!(Uniform)!Woodcreeper,!and!a! couple!of!coy!BlackFspotted!BareFeyes.!

For!our!last!full!day!at!Cristalino!we!decided!to!head!to!another!of!the!Serra!hilltops,!known! as!“Serra!Nova”.!!The!walk!to!the!top!passes!through!some!excellent!forest,!and!we!spent! the!first!part!of!the!morning!on!some!flock!searching.!!With!not!too!much!left!to!look!for!it! was!down!to!finding!some!of!the!harder!specialties!and!a!few!things!we!had!missed.!!This! paid!off!in!the!form!of!RedFnecked!Woodpecker,!RufousFtailed!FoliageFgleaner!for! those!who!had!missed!it!previously,!and!Sclater’s!Antwren.!!!

Once!on!the!hilltop!we!switched!modes,!and!started!scanning!treetops!and!forest!edges.!!A! flowering!bush!produced!some!quick!but!diagnostic!views!of!FieryFtailed!Awlbill!as!well! as!a!couple!of!Versicolored!Emeralds,!while!some!shy!Blackish!Nightjars!(see!previous! page)!along!the!edge!eventually!allowed!some!beautiful!looks.!!Further!along,!we!finally! had!some!good!luck!with!another!of!Cristalino’s!specialties,!BrownFbanded!Puffbird,! when!a!pair!responded!beautifully!and!allowed!us!prolonged!views.!

Back!down!on!the! forest!floor!the!walk! back!was!fairly! uneventful,!but!some! persistent!calling!just! off!the!trail!alerted!us! to!the!presence!of!a! WhiteFbeared! Hermit!lek,!a!new! species!for!the!trip.!! One!last!flock!had!a! couple!of!SpotF winged!Antshrikes! and!WhiteFeyed! Antwrens,!but!not! much!new.!

Our!afternoon’s! outing!brought!us! back!to!some!of!the! same!trails!as!the!day!before,!hoping!to!refind!the!antswarm!and!maybe!some!of!the! specialties!associated!with!it.!!Unfortunately,!while!we!found!ants,!it!was!only!a!small! column!and!the!hoped!for!birds!weren’t!there.!!However,!our!luck!changed!as!we!were! circling!back!to!the!lodge!and!Frank!managed!the!most!amazing!spot!of!the!trip!when!he! found!another!LongFtailed!Potoo!perched!high!in!a!tall!tree!!!Seeing!one!of!this!rare!bird! on!a!trip!is!a!highlight,!seeing!two!is!practically!unprecedented!!

With!a!little!bit!of!daylight!left!we!ascended!to!the!middle!level!of!Tower!1,!where!a!fruiting! tree!close!to!the!tower!was!a!bit!of!a!draw!to!fruitCeating!species.!!There!wasn’t!a!whole!lot! of!activity!late!in!the!day,!but!what!activity!there!was!came!in!practically!close!enough!to! touch!!!The!highlight!was!clearly!a!small!flock!of!WhiteFbellied!!(see!previous! page)!that!spent!a!prolonged!period!feeding!away.!!Other!birds!present!included!Green! Honeycreeper,!BlackFfaced!Dacnis,!and!Guianan!Tyrannulet.!

With!a!midCmorning!departure!from!Cristalino!we!had!enough!time!to!return!to!Tower!1! for!a!few!hours!before!heading!out.!!Quickly!climbing!to!the!top,!we!spent!the!first!bit!of! time!scanning!the!distant!(and!not!so!distant)!trees.!!Our!reward!for!this!included!a! handsome!Ringed!Woodpecker,!a!distant!SlatyFcapped!ShrikeFVireo,!a!few!BareF necked!Fruitcrows!and! Kawall’s!Amazons,!as! well!as!some!flyover! Amazonian!Swifts.!

Descending!back!to!the! middle!level,!where!the! same!fruiting!tree! awaited!us,!we!again! found!the!WhiteF bellied!Parrots,!as!well! as!OpalFcrowned! Tanager,!BlackFfaced! and!Blue!Dacnises,! Purple!Honeycreeper,! Guianan!Tyrannulet,! and!Grayish!Mourner.!

The!time!had!finally! come,!and!we!had!to! leave!Cristalino.!!Our!respectable!haul!there!was!supplemented!by!one!last!stop!along!the! road!out,!where!a!small!palm!swamp!produced!a!cooperative!pair!of!PointFtailed! Palmcreepers!and!many!Neotropical!PalmFSwifts!zooming!overhead.!!Our!flight!back!to! Cuiaba!was!quick!and!easy,!and!our!intrepid!drive!Joceli!was!awaiting!right!on!time,!and!it! was!off!to!the!Pantanal.!

The!Pantanal!

There!are!few!places!in!the!New!World!that!offer!the!overwhelming!wildlife!spectacled!that! the!Pantanal!gives!you.!!This!is!especially!true!right!at!dawn,!and!the!first!morning!walking! in!the!Pantanal!is!a!magical!experience!not!soon!forgotten.! And!our!first!morning!here!was!no!exception.!!We!started!our!Pantanal!sojourn!at!the!very! northern!of!the!Transpantaneira,!at!Pousada!Piuval.!!Starting!out!on!foot!right!as!it!was! getting!light,!we!were!soon!assaulted!by!birdlife!everywhere!!!Coming!fast!and!furious!were! Whistling!Heron,!flyby!flocks!of!the!ginourmous!and!amazing!Hyacinth!Macaw,!a!few! smaller!YellowFcollared!Macaws,!herds!of!ostrichClike!Greater!Rheas,!oodles!of!ibis! including!Plumbeous,!BuffFnecked,!BareFfaced,!and!Green,!ridiculous!numbers!of!Snail! Kites!in!addition!to!the!lowerCdensity!BlackFcollared!and!Savanna!Hawks,!and!lots!more.!

And!that!was!just!in!the! more!open,!wetland!area! outside!the!forest!!!As!we! started!into!the!tall! gallery!woodland!we! found!an!entirely!new! cornucopia.!!Small!flocks! included!the!bizarre! RedFbilled!Scythebill,! many!YellowFolive! Flycatchers,!a! smattering!of!LargeF billed!Antwrens,!and! AshyFheaded!Greenlet.!! Away!from!flocks,!we! found!numerous!WhiteF lored!Spinetails,!a!few! Mato!Grosso!Antbirds,! RustyFfaced!TodyF Flycatcher,!and!best!of! all,!a!pair!of!BlackF bellied!Antwrens.!

Finally!arriving!at!the!edge!of!a!large!lake,!we!checked!out!the!marshy!edge!and!scored!our! first!BlackFcapped!Donacobius,!some!Greater!Thornbirds!by!their!impressive!stick! nests,!and!at!the!woodland!edge!nearby,!a!couple!of!WhiteFwedged!Piculets.!

The!final!habitat!we!checked!that!morning!was!the!open!pastures,!and!even!though!they! looked!to!be!the!most!disturbed!and!least!productive!of!all!the!areas!around!Piuval,!they! still!gave!us!some!new!birds.!!Perhaps!the!most!popular!of!these!was!a!couple!of!RedF legged!Seriemas,!a!really!cool!bird!most!closely!related!to!extinct!terror!birds.!!Numerous! Greater!Rheas!shared!the!fields!with!smaller!numbers!of!ChestnutFbellied!Guans!and! BareFfaced!Curassows,!and!the!margins!of!the!fields!had!a!few!things!like!NarrowFbilled! Woodcreeper.!

Following!our!typical!pattern,!we!enjoyed!a!bit!of!an!afterClunch!break!before!heading!out! with!a!smaller!list!of!target!species!to!look!for!in!the!afternoon.!!The!first!stop!was!back! along!the!main!road,!where!a!small!papyrus!swamp!had!a!few!ScarletFheaded!Blackbirds,! always!a!popular!species,!as!well!as!a!couple!of!RustyFcollared!Seedeaters.!

Back!along!the!entrance!road,!we!soon!found!a!couple!of!Grassland!Sparrows,!a!single! WedgeFtailed!Grassfinch,!and!some!WhiteFrumped!Monjitas.!!As!the!evening!wore!on,! hordes!of!parrots!began!flying!over!towards!their!roosts.!!Most!of!these!were!TurquioseF fronted!Amazons,!along!with!PeachFfronted!Parakeet,!YellowFchevroned!Parakeet,! respectable!numbers!of!Hyacinth!Macaw,!and!a!few!Monk!Parakeets.!!!

We!had!done!so!well!the!day!before!that!we!didn’t!have!very!many!target!birds!for!our! second!morning!at!Piuval.!!We!set!out!to!find!what!new!we!could,!and!soon!found!our!first! Crane!Hawk.!!A!search!for!the!formerly!reliable!WhiteCfronted!Woodpeckers!turned!up! empty,!but!we! struck!gold!in!the! form!of!a!TawnyF bellied!Seedeater! near!the!lake!edge.!! A!couple!of!GrayF crested!Cacholotes! gave!us!better!views! than!the!day!before,! and!we!had!many! other!good!views!of! species!we!had!seen! the!previous!day.!! Our!last!bit!of! birding!at!Piuval! was!around!the! cabins,!where!we! enjoyed!good!looks! at!many!of!the! common!Pantanal! species,!as!well!as! an!amazing!number!of!Nacunda!Nighthawks!out!over!the!wet!pastures.!

After!our!lunch!we!packed!up!and!began!the!drive!south!to!the!next!port!of!call.!!Along!the! way!we!stopped!wherever!the!birding!looked!good,!and!in!this!way!enjoyed!the!sight!of!a! truly!startling!number!of!Limpkin!(several!hundred),!our!only!Pearl!Kite!of!the!tour,!a! couple!of!BlackFbacked!WaterFTyrant!and!others.!

Arriving!at!the!Pixaim!River!in!the!midCafternoon,!we!checked!in!and!got!ready!for!a!late! afternoon!boat!ride!on!the!river.!!The!most!hoped!for!species!here!was!Agami!Heron,! though!due!to!high!water!we!struck!out!on!this.!!Even!so,!the!birding!was!productive,!and! we!scored!RustyFbacked!Spinetail,!only!WhiteFtailed!Hawk!of!the!trip,!the!first!BlueF throated!PipingFGuans!we!were!to!see,!and!a!couple!of!OrangeFbacked!Troupials.! Early!the!next!morning!we!returned!to!the!river!for!a!couple!of!hours,!hoping!again!for!an! Agami.!!Unfortunately!we!again!struck!out,!but!did!see!a!few!BandFtailed!Nighthawks! right!at!first!light,!as!well!as!a!large!BareFfaced!Ibis!roost.!!As!it!got!lighter!the!more! normal!daytime!species!started!to!wake!up,!and!included!another!Sungrebe!among!the! more!expected!species.!

Returning!to!the!hotel!and!a!quick!breakfast,!we!then!set!out!into!the!adjacent!gallery! forest,!with!a!small!list!of!targets!to!search!for.!!We!quickly!found!PaleFlegged!Hornero! and!Helemeted!Manakin,!along!with!the!regular!flock!species!like!AshyFheaded!Greenlet,! RustyFbacked!Spinetail,!Olivaceous!Woodcreeper,!and!Flavescent!Warbler.!!Circling! around!on!another!trail,!we!exited!onto!a!side!road!through!more!open!habitat.!!Here!we! lucked!into!a!young! male!WhiteFnaped! Xenopsaris,!a!difficult! species!that!we!were! quite!happy!to!find!!!As! we!made!our!way!back! to!the!hotel!for!lunch! we!walked!along!an!old! runway,!and!lucked! into!our!second!rare! species!of!the!day,!a! very!unexpected! WhiteFbellied! Tyrannulet,!the!first! I’ve!seen!in!the! Pantanal.!

For!the!afternoon!we! returned!to!the!side! road!we!had!birded! earlier.!!The!heat!made! the!activity!low!to!start,! but!it!soon!picked!up.!!We!picked!up!some!of!the!species!we!still!needed,!including!BuffF bellied!Hermit,!and!exceptionally!skulky!CinereousFbreasted!Spinetail,!and!a!BranF colored!Flycatcher!that!remained!unfortunately!heard!only!for!most.!!Nearby!a!AshF throated!Crake!was!even!less!obliging,!and!while!we!all!got!to!hear!its!distinctive!song! quite!well,!nary!a!glimpse!was!had.!

The!day!was!beginning!to!draw!to!a!close,!so!we!began!the!trek!back.!!One!of!the!day’s! highlights!came!right!at!the!end,!when!a!group!of!Southern!Caracaras!(actually!a!very! common!species!here;!see!photo!on!the!next!page)!started!dustCbathing!in!the!road.!! Watching!their!antics!as!they!tried!to!reach!every!feather!was!a!unique!and!amusing! experience!to!say!the!least!! Since!the!side!road!had!been!productive!the!day!before,!our!final!morning!in!the!Pixaim! River!was!spent!there!as!well.!!The!birds!were!mostly!the!same!as!the!day!before,!though! beautiful!views!of!American!PygmyFKingfisher!were!much!appreciated,!and!a!few! gripped!back!on!BuffFbellied!Hermit.!!Then!Frank!pulled!out!another!amazing!spot!when! he!calmly!announced! that!there!was!an! Ocelot!walking!down! the!road!!!!And!then! even!better,!it! continued!to!walk! towards!us!for!well! over!a!minute,!an! exceptionally!long!view! of!this!usually!shy! feline.!

Wrapping!up!at!Pixaim,! we!began!our!final! drive!south!towards!the! end!of!the!road.!!A!bit!of! birding!here!and!there! saw!a!small!trickle!of! species!we!still!needed,! with!Maguari!Stork!and!a!pair!of!Great!Horned!Owls!standing!out.!!More!ScarletFheaded! Blackbirds,!a!couple!of!BlackFbacked!WaterFTyrants,!and!a!Chotoy!Spinetail!rounded! out!the!morning.!

We!arrived!at!Porto!Jofre!just! in!time!for!lunch!and!a!short! break!before!venturing!onto! the!extensive!river!system!in! search!of!the!ultimate! mammalian!highlight!of!the! Pantanal.!!Time!spent!around! Porto!Jofre!is!different!than! most!birding!we!do!on!our! tours!in!that!we!spend!most!of! our!time!on!boats!zooming!up! and!down!the!river,!and! stopping!whenever!something! interesting!appeared.!

BirdCwise,!that!something! interesting!came!in!the!form!of! various!waterbirds!we!hadn’t!yet!seen!(or!had!good!looks!at),!including!LargeFbilled!and! YellowFbilled!Terns,!a!couple!of!Collared!Plovers,!and!some!of!the!stunningly!patterned! Pied!Lapwing.!!But!the!real!fun!came!after!a!crackly!call!on!the!radio,!a!highCspeed!chase! over!the!water,!and!then!a!lump!of!orange!and!black!spots!on!the!bank.!!I!am,!of!course,! talking!about!Jaguars!!!The!Porto!Jofre!area!is!the!best!place!on!earth!to!see!this!huge!and! gorgeous!cat,!and!at!the!right!time!of!year!sightings!of!them!are!nearly!guaranteed.!!Still,!it! was!a!relief!to!find!one!early!on,!and!gave!us!a!degree!of!freedom!on!our!subsequent!plans.!

More!searching!of!the!rivers,!hoping!for!more!jaguars,!turned!up!empty.!!We!did!see!quite!a! few!more!Southern!Screamers,!more!caimans!than!you!could!shake!a!stick!at,!and!a! couple!of!Giant!Otters,!before!the!light!started!to!fade!and!we!returned!to!the!hotel.!!The! last!spectacle!of!the!day!was!just!shy!of!the!dock,!where!more!Snail!Kites!than!I’ve!ever! seen!before!streamed!overhead!on!their!way!to!a!roost!somewhere.!!By!the!time!I!was!done! counting!we! had!seen!nearly! 1000!Snail!Kits,! a!truly! spectacular! sight.!

Hoping!for! more!views!of! the!spotted! kitties,!we! headed!out! onto!the!river! again!the!next! morning.!! Zooming!up! and!down!the! rivers,!we! enjoyed!more! views!of!many! of!the!same!birds,!as!well!as!a!couple!of!Giant!Otters.!!Then!we!got!the!call!and!we!were!off! again!!!Arriving!at!the!spot,!there!was!no!cat!visible.!!Since!this!is!not!uncommon,!we!sat! and!waited!a!bit,!and!then!all!of!a!sudden!there!it!was!!!We!were!fairly!close!to!sure,!and!the! Jaguar!was!walking!right!towards!us,!for!one!of!the!best!views!I’ve!had!of!the!species!!!!

With!everyone!satisfied!with!our!Jaguar!experiences,!we!returned!to!terra!firme!and!spent! the!rest!of!our!time!birding!from!land.!!We!had!done!so!well!previously!that!we!had!a!bare! handful!of!species!to!still!look!for.!!That!didn’t!stop!us!from!enjoying!more!and!better!views! of!some!species!we!had!already!seen,!though,!and!even!found!a!new!species!in!the!form!of! FawnFbreasted!Wren.!!Other!species!found!include!BuffFbreasted!Hermit,!a!nice!flock! that!had!goodies!such!as!Hooded!Tanager,!ChestnutFvented!Conebill,!AshFheaded! TodyFTyrant,!and!a!GoldenFgreen!Woodpecker,!among!many!others.!

The!area!around!the!hotel!also!proved!to!be!quite!birdy.!!Perhaps!most!popular!were!the! many!Hyacinth!Macaws,!which!are!especially!tame!here!and!offer!probably!the!best!views! possible!of!this!species,!anywhere.!!A!couple!of!fairly!tame!Jabirus!and!Southern! Screamers!were!also!fun!to!look!at,!and!a!nesting!Cattle!Tyrant!right!along!the!small! boardwalk!behind!the!hotel!was!fun!to!see.!

For!our!last!morning!of!birding!on! the!tour,!we!again!decided!to!keep! our!feet!dry!and!not!head!back!out! onto!the!boat.!!So!we!walked!a!side! road!through!decent!secondary! forest,!and!spent!some!times! scouring!the!forest!for!the!last!few! possible!new!species.!!These!didn’t! cooperate,!but!we!did!enjoy!some! more!good!views!of!things!like! ChestnutFvented!Conebill!and! FawnFbreasted!Wren!among! other!flock!species.!!Frank!yet! again!pulled!out!an!amazing!spot! when!he!found!a!DarkFbilled! Cuckoo,!and!made!the!morning!a! success!in!terms!of!adding!to!the! list!!

With!a!long!drive!back!to!Cuiaba,! we!headed!out!immediately!after! lunch!and!began!the!trek.!!There! wasn’t!much!time!top!stop!on!the! way,!but!we!did!make!time!to!stop! at!one!particular!bridge.!!We!had! already!birded!there!before,!but!we! stopped!again!for!a!last!ditch! attempt!at!our!most!ridiculously! overdue!bird!for!the!list!–!WhiteF headed!MarshFTyrant.!!And! thankfully!this!time!they! cooperated!in!style!!!Not!only!did!we!see!them,!we!saw!them!close,!well,!and!singing.!!A! couple!of!rare!WhiteFrumped!Swallows!and!some!stellar!views!of!Chotoy!Spinetail! rounded!out!the!drive!back.!

Species!List!

Bird((follows(Clements,(J.(F.,(T.(S.(Schulenberg,(M.(J.(Iliff,(B.L.(Sullivan,(C.(L.(Wood,(and( D.(Roberson.(2012.(The(eBird/Clements(checklist(of(birds(of(the(world:(Version(6.9((2014).(

A!total!of!498!species!were!encountered,!of!which!18!were!heard!only!(marked!with!an!H),! and!3!were!guide!only!(marked!with!a!G).! ! RHEAS! RHEIDAE## ! Greater!Rhea! Rhea(americana( ! TINAMOUS! TINAMIDAE## !h! Cinereous!Tinamou! Crypturellus(cinereus( h! Undulated!Tinamou! Crypturellus(undulatus( h! Variegated!Tinamou! Crypturellus(variegatus( SmallCbilled!Tinamou! Crypturellus(parvirostris( ! SCREAMERS! ANHIMIDAE## ! Southern!Screamer! Chauna(torquata( ! DUCKS,!GEESE,!AND!WATERFOWL! ANATIDAE## ! WhiteCfaced!WhistlingCDuck! Dendrocygna(viduata( ! BlackCbellied!WhistlingCDuck! Dendrocygna(autumnalis( ! Muscovy!Duck! Cairina(moschata( ! Brazilian!Teal! Amazonetta(brasiliensis( ! GUANS,!CHACHALACAS,!CURASSOWS! CRACIDAE## ! Chaco!Chachalaca! Ortalis(canicollis( ! Spix's!Guan! Penelope(jacquacu( ! ChestnutCbellied!Guan! Penelope(ochrogaster( ! BlueCthroated!PipingCGuan! Pipile(cumanensis( ! RedCthroated!PipingCGuan! Pipile(cujubi( ! BareCfaced!Curassow! Crax(fasciolata( ! STORKS! CICONIIDAE## ! Maguari!Stork! Ciconia(maguari( ! Jabiru! Jabiru(mycteria( ! Wood!Stork! Mycteria(americana( ! CORMORANTS!AND!SHAGS! PHALACROCORACIDAE## ! Neotropic!Cormorant! Phalacrocorax(brasilianus( ! ANHINGAS! ANHINGIDAE## ! Anhinga! Anhinga(anhinga( ! HERONS,!EGRETS,!AND!BITTERNS! ARDEIDAE## ! Rufescent!TigerCHeron! Tigrisoma(lineatum( ! Cocoi!Heron! Ardea(cocoi( ! Great!Egret! Ardea(alba( ! Snowy!Egret! Egretta(thula( ! Little!Blue!Heron! Egretta(caerulea( ! Cattle!Egret! Bubulcus(ibis( ! Striated!Heron! Butorides(striata( ! Whistling!Heron! Syrigma(sibilatrix( ! Capped!Heron! Pilherodius(pileatus( ! BlackCcrowned!NightCHeron! Nycticorax(nycticorax( ! IBISES!AND!SPOONBILLS! THRESKIORNITHIDAE## ! WhiteCfaced!Ibis! Plegadis(chihi( ! Green!Ibis! Mesembrinibis(cayennensis( ! BareCfaced!Ibis! Phimosus(infuscatus( ! Plumbeous!Ibis! Theristicus(caerulescens( ! BuffCnecked!Ibis! Theristicus(caudatus( ! Roseate!Spoonbill! Platalea(ajaja( ! NEW!WORLD!VULTURES! CATHARTIDAE## ! Black!Vulture! Coragyps(atratus( ! Turkey!Vulture! Cathartes(aura( ! Lesser!YellowCheaded!Vulture! Cathartes(burrovianus( ! Greater!YellowCheaded!Vulture! Cathartes(melambrotus( ! King!Vulture! Sarcoramphus(papa( ! HAWKS,!EAGLES,!AND!KITES! ACCIPITRIDAE## ! Pearl!Kite! Gampsonyx(swainsonii( ! SwallowCtailed!Kite! Elanoides(forficatus( ! BlackCcollared!Hawk! Busarellus(nigricollis( ! Snail!Kite! Rostrhamus(sociabilis( ! Crane!Hawk! Geranospiza(caerulescens( ! Savanna!Hawk! Buteogallus(meridionalis( ! Great!Black!Hawk! Buteogallus(urubitinga( ! Roadside!Hawk! Rupornis(magnirostris( ! WhiteCtailed!Hawk! Geranoaetus(albicaudatus( ! White!Hawk! Pseudastur(albicollis( ! GrayClined!(Gray)!Hawk! Buteo(nitidus( ! ShortCtailed!Hawk! Buteo(brachyurus( ! SUNBITTERN! EURYPYGIDAE## ! Sunbittern! Eurypyga(helias( ! RAILS,!GALLINULES,!AND!COOTS! RALLIDAE## !g! RufousCsided!Crake! Laterallus(melanophaius( GrayCnecked!WoodCRail! Aramides(cajaneus( !h! AshCthroated!Crake! Porzana(albicollis( FINFOOTS! HELIORNITHIDAE## ! Sungrebe! Heliornis(fulica( ! LIMPKIN! ARAMIDAE## ! Limpkin! Aramus(guarauna( ! TRUMPETERS! PSOPHIIDAE## ! DarkCwinged!Trumpeter! Psophia(viridis( ! STILTS!AND!AVOCETS! RECURVIROSTRIDAE## ! BlackCnecked!(WhiteCbacked)!Stilt! Himantopus(mexicanus(melanurus( ! PLOVERS!AND!LAPWINGS! CHARADRIIDAE## ! Pied!Lapwing! Vanellus(cayanus( ! Southern!Lapwing! Vanellus(chilensis( ! Collared!Plover! Charadrius(collaris( ! JACANAS! JACANIDAE## ! Wattled!Jacana! Jacana(jacana( ! SANDPIPERS!AND!ALLIES! SCOLOPACIDAE## ! South!American!Snipe! Gallinago(paraguaiae( ! GULLS,!TERNS,!AND!SKIMMERS! LARIDAE## ! YellowCbilled!Tern! Sternula(superciliaris( ! LargeCbilled!Tern! Phaetusa(simplex( ! Black!Skimmer! Rynchops(niger( ! PIGEONS!AND!DOVES! ## ! Rock!Pigeon! (livia( ! PaleCvented!Pigeon! (cayennensis( ! Scaled!Pigeon! Patagioenas(speciosa( ! Picazuro!Pigeon! Patagioenas(picazuro( ! Plumbeous!Pigeon! Patagioenas(plumbea( ! Ruddy!Pigeon! Patagioenas(subvinacea( ! Eared!Dove! Zenaida(auriculata( ! Ruddy!GroundCDove! Columbina(talpacoti( ! Scaled!Dove! Columbina(squammata( ! Picui!GroundCDove! Columbina(picui( ! Blue!GroundCDove! Claravis(pretiosa( ! LongCtailed!GroundCDove! Uropelia(campestris( ! Ruddy!QuailCDove! Geotrygon(montana( ! WhiteCtipped!Dove! Leptotila(verreauxi( ! GrayCfronted!Dove! Leptotila(rufaxilla( ! CUCKOOS! CUCULIDAE## ! Little!Cuckoo! Coccycua(minuta( ! Squirrel!Cuckoo! Piaya(cayana( ! BlackCbellied!Cuckoo! Piaya(melanogaster( ! DarkCbilled!Cuckoo! Coccyzus(melacoryphus( ! Guira!Cuckoo! Guira(guira( !h! Striped!Cuckoo! Tapera(naevia( h! Greater!Ani! Crotophaga(major( SmoothCbilled!Ani! Crotophaga(ani( ! OWLS! STRIGIDAE## ! Great!Horned!Owl! Bubo(virginianus( ! Ferruginous!PygmyCOwl! Glaucidium(brasilianum( ! Burrowing!Owl! Athene(cunicularia( ! NIGHTJARS!AND!ALLIES! CAPRIMULGIDAE## ! Nacunda!Nighthawk! Chordeiles(nacunda( ! BandCtailed!Nighthawk! Nyctiprogne(leucopyga( ! Blackish!Nightjar! Nyctipolus(nigrescens( ! Common!Pauraque! Nyctidromus(albicollis( ! SpotCtailed!Nightjar! Hydropsalis(maculicaudus( !g! Ocellated!Poorwill! Nyctiphrynus(ocellatus( POTOOS! NYCTIBIIDAE## ! LongCtailed!Potoo! Nyctibius(aethereus( ! Common!Potoo! Nyctibius(griseus( ! SWIFTS! APODIDAE## ! Amazonian!Swift! Chaetura(viridipennis( ! ShortCtailed!Swift! Chaetura(brachyura( ! GrayCrumped!Swift! Chaetura(cinereiventris( ! PaleCrumped!Swift! Chaetura(egregia( ! ForkCtailed!PalmCSwift! Tachornis(squamata( ! HUMMINGBIRDS! TROCHILIDAE## ! WhiteCnecked!Jacobin! Florisuga(mellivora( ! WhiteCbearded!Hermit! Phaethornis(hispidus( ! GreatCbilled!Hermit! Phaethornis(malaris( ! BuffCbellied!Hermit! Phaethornis(subochraceus( ! Planalto!Hermit! Phaethornis(pretrei( ! WhiteCvented!Violetear! Colibri(serrirostris( ! BlackCeared!Fairy! Heliothryx(auritus( ! WhiteCtailed!Goldenthroat! Polytmus(guainumbi( ! FieryCtailed!Awlbill! Avocettula(recurvirostris( ! BlackCthroated!Mango! Anthracothorax(nigricollis( !g! BlackCbellied!Thorntail! Discosura(langsdorffi( BlueCtufted!Starthroat! Heliomaster(furcifer( ! GlitteringCbellied!Emerald! Chlorostilbon(lucidus( ! SwallowCtailed!Hummingbird! Eupetomena(macroura( ! ForkCtailed!Woodnymph! Thalurania(furcata( ! Versicolored!Emerald! Amazilia(versicolor( ! GlitteringCthroated!Emerald! Amazilia(fimbriata( ! Gilded!Hummingbird!(Sapphire)! Hylocharis(chrysura( ! TROGONS! TROGONIDAE## ! Pavonine!Quetzal! Pharomachrus(pavoninus( ! BlackCtailed!Trogon! Trogon(melanurus(eumorphus( ! GreenCbacked!(WhiteCtailed)!Trogon! Trogon(viridis(viridis( ! Amazonian!(Violaceous)!Trogon! Trogon(ramonianus( ! BlueCcrowned!Trogon! Trogon(curucui( !h! BlackCthroated!Trogon! Trogon(rufus( Collared!Trogon! Trogon(collaris( ! MOTMOTS! MOMOTIDAE## ! Amazonian!(BlueCcrowned)!Motmot! Momotus(momota(simplex( ! BroadCbilled!Motmot! Electron(platyrhynchum( ! KINGFISHERS! ALCEDINIDAE## ! Ringed!Kingfisher! Megaceryle(torquata( ! Amazon!Kingfisher! Chloroceryle(amazona( ! Green!Kingfisher! Chloroceryle(americana( ! GreenCandCrufous!Kingfisher! Chloroceryle(inda( ! American!Pygmy!Kingfisher! Chloroceryle(aenea( ! PUFFBIRDS! BUCCONIDAE## ! WhiteCnecked!Puffbird! Notharchus(hyperrhynchus( ! BrownCbanded!Puffbird! Notharchus(ordii( ! Pied!Puffbird! Notharchus(tectus( ! Striolated!Puffbird! Nystalus(striolatus(torridus( ! WhiteCeared!Puffbird! Nystalus(chacuru( ! BlackCfronted!Nunbird! Monasa(nigrifrons( ! WhiteCfronted!Nunbird! Monasa(morphoeus( ! SwallowCwinged!Puffbird!(SwallowC wing)! Chelidoptera(tenebrosa( ! JACAMARS! GALBULIDAE## ! BlueCcheeked!Jacamar! Galbula(cyanicollis( ! RufousCtailed!Jacamar! Galbula(ruficauda( ! Bronzy!Jacamar! Galbula(leucogastra( ! Paradise!Jacamar! Galbula(dea( ! NEW!WORLD!BARBETS! CAPITONIDAE## ! BlackCgirdled!Barbet! Capito(dayi( ! TOUCANS! RAMPHASTIDAE## ! Lettered!Aracari! Pteroglossus(inscriptus( ! ChestnutCeared!Aracari! Pteroglossus(castanotis( ! CurlCcrested!Aracari! Pteroglossus(beauharnaesii( ! RedCnecked!Aracari! Pteroglossus(bitorquatus( ! Gould's!Toucanet! Selenidera(gouldii( ! Toco!Toucan! Ramphastos(toco( ! WhiteCthroated!(Cuvier's)!Toucan! Ramphastos(tucanus(cuvieri( ! ChannelCbilled!Toucan! Ramphastos(vitellinus(culminatus( ! WOODPECKERS! PICIDAE## ! WhiteCwedged!Piculet! Picumnus(albosquamatus( ! White!Woodpecker! Melanerpes(candidus( ! YellowCtufted!Woodpecker! Melanerpes(cruentatus( ! Little!Woodpecker! Veniliornis(passerinus( ! RedCstained!Woodpecker! Veniliornis(affinis( ! YellowCthroated!Woodpecker! Piculus(flavigula(magnus( ! GoldenCgreen!Woodpecker! Piculus(chrysochloros( ! GreenCbarred!Woodpecker! Colaptes(melanochloros( ! Campo!Flicker! Colaptes(campestris( ! ScaleCbreasted!Woodpecker! Celeus(grammicus( ! PaleCcrested!Woodpecker! Celeus(lugubris( ! CreamCcolored!Woodpecker! Celeus(flavus( ! Ringed!Woodpecker! Celeus(torquatus( ! Lineated!Woodpecker! Dryocopus(lineatus( ! RedCnecked!Woodpecker! Campephilus(rubricollis( ! CrimsonCcrested!Woodpecker! Campephilus(melanoleucos( ! SERIEMAS! CARIAMIDAE## ! RedClegged!Seriema! Cariama(cristata( ! FALCONS!AND!CARACARAS! FALCONIDAE## ! Black!Caracara! Daptrius(ater( ! RedCthroated!Caracara! Ibycter(americanus( ! Southern!Caracara! Caracara(plancus( ! YellowCheaded!Caracara! Milvago(chimachima( !h! Laughing!Falcon! Herpetotheres(cachinnans( American!Kestrel! Falco(sparverius( ! Aplomado!Falcon! Falco(femoralis( ! Bat!Falcon! Falco(rufigularis( ! OrangeCbreasted!Falcon! Falco(deiroleucus( ! PARROTS! ## ! ScarletCshouldered!Parrotlet! Touit(huetii( ! Monk!Parakeet! Myiopsitta(monachus( ! YellowCchevroned!Parakeet! Brotogeris(chiriri( ! GoldenCwinged!Parakeet! Brotogeris(chrysoptera( ! ScalyCheaded!! Pionus(maximiliani( ! BlueCheaded!Parrot! Pionus(menstruus( ! TurquoiseCfronted!(BlueCfronted)!Parrot! Amazona(aestiva( ! Kawall's!Parrot! Amazona(kawalli( ! OrangeCwinged!Parrot! Amazona(amazonica( ! BlueCwinged!Parrotlet! Forpus(xanthopterygius( ! DuskyCbilled!Parrotlet! Forpus(modestus( ! WhiteCbellied!Parrot! Pionites(leucogaster( ! RedCfan!Parrot! Deroptyus(accipitrinus( ! CrimsonCbellied!Parakeet! (perlata( ! Santarem!Parakeet! Pyrrhura(amazonum(lucida( ! Hyacinth!Macaw! Anodorhynchus(hyacinthinus( ! PeachCfronted!Parakeet! Eupsittula(aurea( ! WhiteCeyed!Parakeet! Psittacara(leucophthalmus( ! BlueCwinged!Macaw! Primolius(maracana( ! YellowCcollared!(GoldenCcollared)!Macaw! Primolius(auricollis( ! ChestnutCfronted!Macaw! Ara(severus( ! RedCandCgreen!Macaw! Ara(chloropterus( ! Scarlet!Macaw! Ara(macao( ! BlueCandCyellow!Macaw! Ara(ararauna( ! BlueCcrowned!Parakeet! Thectocercus(acuticaudatus( ! RedCshouldered!Macaw! Diopsittaca(nobilis( ! TYPICAL!ANTBIRDS! THAMNOPHILIDAE## ! Fasciated!Antshrike! Cymbilaimus(lineatus( ! Great!Antshrike! Taraba(major( ! Glossy!Antshrike! Sakesphorus(luctuosus( ! Barred!Antshrike! (doliatus( ! RufousCwinged!Antshrike! Thamnophilus(torquatus( ! ChestnutCbacked!Antshrike! Thamnophilus(palliatus( ! PlainCwinged!Antshrike! Thamnophilus(schistaceus( ! Natterer's!SlatyCAntshrike! Thamnophilus(stictocephalus( ! Amazonian!Antshrike! Thamnophilus(amazonicus( ! Plain!Antvireo! Dysithamnus(mentalis( ! Saturnine!Antshrike! Thamnomanes(saturninus( ! Cinereous!Antshrike! Thamnomanes(caesius( ! PlainCthroated!Antwren! Isleria(hauxwelli( ! SpotCwinged!Antshrike! Pygiptila(stellaris( ! WhiteCeyed!Antwren! Epinecrophylla(leucophthalma( ! Ornate!Antwren! Epinecrophylla(ornata( ! Pygmy!Antwren! Myrmotherula(brachyura( ! Sclater's!Antwren! Myrmotherula(sclateri( ! Amazonian!StreakedCAntwren! Myrmotherula(multostriata( ! WhiteCflanked!Antwren! Myrmotherula(axillaris(axillaris( ! LongCwinged!Antwren! Myrmotherula(longipennis( ! Gray!Antwren! Myrmotherula(menetriesii( ! LargeCbilled!Antwren! Herpsilochmus(longirostris( ! RufousCwinged!Antwren! Herpsilochmus(rufimarginatus( ! DotCwinged!Antwren! Microrhopias(quixensis(emiliae( ! WhiteCfringed!Antwren! Formicivora(grisea( ! RustyCbacked!Antwren! Formicivora(rufa( ! BlackCbellied!Antwren! Formicivora(melanogaster( ! Striated!Antbird! Drymophila(devillei(subochracea( ! Gray!Antbird! Cercomacra(cinerascens( ! Blackish!Antbird! Cercomacra(nigrescens( ! Mato!Grosso!Antbird! Cercomacra(melanaria( ! Manu!Antbird! Cercomacra(manu( ! WhiteCbrowed!Antbird! Myrmoborus(leucophrys( ! BlackCfaced!Antbird! Myrmoborus(myotherinus( ! BandCtailed!Antbird! Hypocnemoides(maculicauda( ! Silvered!Antbird! Sclateria(naevia( ! DotCbacked!Antbird! Hylophylax(punctulatus( ! Xingu!ScaleCbacked!Antbird! Willisornis(vidua( ! BlackCspotted!BareCeye! Phlegopsis(nigromaculata( ! ANTPITTAS! GRALLARIIDAE## !h! ThrushClike!Antpitta! Myrmothera(campanisona( OVENBIRDS! FURNARIIDAE:#FURNARIINAE# ! SpotCthroated!Woodcreeper! Certhiasomus(stictolaemus( ! Olivaceous!Woodcreeper! Sittasomus(griseicapillus(transitivus( ! LongCtailed!Woodcreeper! Deconychura(longicauda( ! WhiteCchinned!Woodcreeper! Dendrocincla(merula( ! WedgeCbilled!Woodcreeper! Glyphorynchus(spirurus( ! CinnamonCthroated!Woodcreeper! Dendrexetastes(rufigula( ! LongCbilled!Woodcreeper! Nasica(longirostris( ! Amazonian!BarredCWoodcreeper! Dendrocolaptes(certhia(concolor( ! RedCbilled!(Uniform)!Woodcreeper! Hylexetastes(perrotii(uniformis( ! StrongCbilled!Woodcreeper! Xiphocolaptes(promeropirhynchus( ! Spix's!Woodcreeper! Xiphorhynchus(spixii( ! BuffCthroated!(Lafresnaye's)! Woodcreeper! Xiphorhynchus(guttatus(dorbignyanus( ! BuffCthroated!(DuskyCbilled)! Woodcreeper! Xiphorhynchus(guttatus(eytoni( ! StraightCbilled!Woodcreeper! Dendroplex(picus( ! RedCbilled!Scythebill! Campylorhamphus(trochilirostris( ! CurveCbilled!(Tapajos)!Scythebill! Campylorhamphus(procurvoides(cardosoi( ! NarrowCbilled!Woodcreeper! Lepidocolaptes(angustirostris( ! Lineated!(Layard's)!Woodcreeper! Lepidocolaptes(albolineatus(layardi( ! SlenderCbilled!Xenops! Xenops(tenuirostris( ! Plain!Xenops! Xenops(minutus( ! PointCtailed!Palmcreeper! Berlepschia(rikeri( ! PaleClegged!Hornero! Furnarius(leucopus( ! Rufous!Hornero! Furnarius(rufus( ! DuskyCcheeked!(Crested)!FoliageCgleaner! Anabazenops(dorsalis( ! RufousCrumped!FoliageCgleaner! Philydor(erythrocercum( ! ChestnutCwinged!FoliageCgleaner! Philydor(erythropterum( ! RufousCtailed!FoliageCgleaner! Anabacerthia(ruficaudata( ! ChestnutCwinged!Hookbill! Ancistrops(strigilatus( ! RufousCfronted!(Common)!Thornbird! Phacellodomus(rufifrons( ! Greater!Thornbird! Phacellodomus(ruber( ! RustyCbacked!Spinetail! Cranioleuca(vulpina( !h! Speckled!Spinetail! Cranioleuca(gutturata( Rufous!(GrayCcrested)!Cacholote! Pseudoseisura(unirufa( ! Chotoy!Spinetail! Schoeniophylax(phryganophilus( ! YellowCchinned!Spinetail! Certhiaxis(cinnamomeus( ! SootyCfronted!Spinetail! Synallaxis(frontalis( ! PaleCbreasted!Spinetail! Synallaxis(albescens( ! CinereousCbreasted!Spinetail! Synallaxis(hypospodia( ! WhiteClored!Spinetail! Synallaxis(albilora( ! TYRANT!FLYCATCHERS! TYRANNIDAE## ! WhiteClored!Tyrannulet! Ornithion(inerme( ! Southern!BeardlessCTyrannulet! Camptostoma(obsoletum( ! Chapada!Flycatcher! Suiriri(islerorum( ! YellowCcrowned!Tyrannulet! Tyrannulus(elatus( ! Forest!Elaenia! Myiopagis(gaimardii( ! Gray!Elaenia! Myiopagis(caniceps( ! Greenish!Elaenia! Myiopagis(viridicata( ! SmallCbilled!Elaenia! Elaenia(parvirostris( ! PlainCcrested!Elaenia! Elaenia(cristata( ! WhiteCbellied!Tyrannulet! Serpophaga(munda( ! OchreCbellied!Flycatcher! Mionectes(oleagineus( ! SepiaCcapped!Flycatcher! Leptopogon(amaurocephalus( ! Planalto!Tyrannulet! Phyllomyias(fasciatus( ! Guianan!Tyrannulet! Zimmerius(acer( ! Amazonian!ScrubCFlycatcher! Sublegatus(obscurior( ! Plain!Tyrannulet! Inezia(inornata( ! Amazonian!Tyrannulet! Inezia(subflava( ! Southern!Antpipit! Corythopis(delalandi( ! TawnyCcrowned!PygmyCTyrant! Euscarthmus(meloryphus( ! ShortCtailed!PygmyCTyrant! Myiornis(ecaudatus( ! Helmeted!PygmyCTyrant! Lophotriccus(galeatus( ! WhiteCbellied!TodyCTyrant! Hemitriccus(griseipectus( ! StripeCnecked!TodyCTyrant! Hemitriccus(striaticollis( ! PearlyCvented!TodyCTyrant! Hemitriccus(margaritaceiventer( ! Zimmer's!TodyCTyrant! Hemitriccus(minimus( ! RustyCfronted!TodyCFlycatcher! Poecilotriccus(latirostris( ! Spotted!TodyCFlycatcher! Todirostrum(maculatum( ! Common!TodyCFlycatcher! Todirostrum(cinereum( ! YellowCbrowed!TodyCFlycatcher! Todirostrum(chrysocrotaphum( ! YellowColive!Flycatcher! Tolmomyias(sulphurescens(pallescens( ! YellowCmargined!Flycatcher! Tolmomyias(assimilis(assimilis( ! GrayCcrowned!Flycatcher! Tolmomyias(poliocephalus( ! YellowCbreasted!(OchreClored)!Flycatcher! Tolmomyias(flaviventris(subsimilis( ! WhiteCcrested!Spadebill! Platyrinchus(platyrhynchos( ! RuddyCtailed!Flycatcher! Terenotriccus(erythrurus( ! Cinnamon!ManakinCTyrant! Neopipo(cinnamomea( ! Whiskered!Flycatcher! Myiobius(barbatus(insignis( ! BranCcolored!Flycatcher! Myiophobus(fasciatus( !h! Euler's!Flycatcher! Lathrotriccus(euleri( Fuscous!Flycatcher! Cnemotriccus(fuscatus( ! Vermilion!Flycatcher! Pyrocephalus(rubinus( ! Drab!Water!Tyrant! Ochthornis(littoralis( ! WhiteCrumped!Monjita! Xolmis(velatus( ! BlackCbacked!WaterCTyrant! Fluvicola(albiventer( ! WhiteCheaded!Marsh!Tyrant! Arundinicola(leucocephala( ! LongCtailed!Tyrant! Colonia(colonus( ! Cattle!Tyrant! Machetornis(rixosa( ! LargeCheaded!Flatbill! Ramphotrigon(megacephalum( ! RufousCtailed!Flatbill! Ramphotrigon(ruficauda( ! DullCcapped!(WhiteCeyed)!Attila! Attila(bolivianus( !h! BrightCrumped!Attila! Attila(spadiceus( RufousCtailed!Attila! Attila(phoenicurus( ! Sibilant!(Eastern)!Sirystes! Sirystes(albocinereus( ! Rufous!Casiornis! Casiornis(rufus( ! Grayish!Mourner! Rhytipterna(simplex( ! DuskyCcapped!Flycatcher! Myiarchus(tuberculifer( ! Swainson's!Flycatcher! Myiarchus(swainsoni( ! ShortCcrested!Flycatcher! Myiarchus(ferox( ! BrownCcrested!Flycatcher! Myiarchus(tyrannulus( ! Lesser!Kiskadee! Pitangus(lictor( ! Great!Kiskadee! Pitangus(sulphuratus( ! BoatCbilled!Flycatcher! Megarynchus(pitangua( ! RustyCmargined!Flycatcher! Myiozetetes(cayanensis( ! Social!Flycatcher! Myiozetetes(similis( ! Piratic!Flycatcher! Legatus(leucophaius( ! Variegated!Flycatcher! Empidonomus(varius( ! Crowned!Slaty!Flycatcher! Empidonomus(aurantioatrocristatus( ! Tropical!Kingbird! Tyrannus(melancholicus( ! COTINGAS! COTINGIDAE## ! Amazonian!Umbrellabird! Cephalopterus(ornatus( ! Spangled!Cotinga! Cotinga(cayana( ! Screaming!Piha! Lipaugus(vociferans( ! Pompadour!Cotinga! Xipholena(punicea( ! BareCnecked!Fruitcrow! Gymnoderus(foetidus( ! MANAKINS! PIPRIDAE## ! Dwarf!TyrantCManakin! Tyranneutes(stolzmanni( ! Helmeted!Manakin! Antilophia(galeata( !h! BlueCbacked!Manakin! Chiroxiphia(pareola( FieryCcapped!Manakin! Machaeropterus(pyrocephalus( ! WhiteCcrowned!Manakin! Dixiphia(pipra( ! RedCheaded!Manakin! Ceratopipra(rubrocapilla( ! FlameCcrowned!(FlameCcrested)!Manakin! Heterocercus(linteatus( ! BandCtailed!Manakin! Pipra(fasciicauda( ! SnowCcapped!Manakin! Lepidothrix(nattereri( ! WingCbarred!Piprites! Piprites(chloris( ! TITYRAS!AND!ALLIES! TITYRIDAE## ! BlackCtailed!Tityra! Tityra(cayana( ! BlackCcrowned!Tityra! Tityra(inquisitor( ! Masked!Tityra! Tityra(semifasciata( ! BrownCwinged!(ThrushClike)!Schiffornis! Schiffornis(turdina( ! Cinereous!Mourner! Laniocera(hypopyrra( ! WhiteCbrowed!Purpletuft! Iodopleura(isabellae( ! WhiteCnaped!Xenopsaris! Xenopsaris(albinucha( ! ChestnutCcrowned!Becard! Pachyramphus(castaneus( ! WhiteCwinged!Becard! Pachyramphus(polychopterus( ! BlackCcapped!Becard! Pachyramphus(marginatus( ! Crested!Becard! Pachyramphus(validus( ! VIREOS! VIREONIDAE## ! GrayCchested!Greenlet! Hylophilus(semicinereus( ! AshyCheaded!Greenlet! Hylophilus(pectoralis( ! DuskyCcapped!Greenlet! Hylophilus(hypoxanthus( !h! TawnyCcrowned!Greenlet! Hylophilus(ochraceiceps( SlatyCcapped!ShrikeCVireo! Vireolanius(leucotis( ! RufousCbrowed!Peppershrike! Cyclarhis(gujanensis( ! CROWS,!JAYS,!AND!MAGPIES! CORVIDAE## ! Purplish!Jay! Cyanocorax(cyanomelas( ! CurlCcrested!Jay! Cyanocorax(cristatellus( ! SWALLOWS! HIRUNDINIDAE## ! BlackCcollared!Swallow! Pygochelidon(melanoleuca( ! WhiteCbanded!Swallow! Atticora(fasciata( ! Southern!RoughCwinged!Swallow! Stelgidopteryx(ruficollis( ! GrayCbreasted!Martin! Progne(chalybea( ! Southern!Martin! Progne(elegans( ! WhiteCwinged!Swallow! Tachycineta(albiventer( ! WhiteCrumped!Swallow! Tachycineta(leucorrhoa( ! WRENS! TROGLODYTIDAE## ! ThrushClike!Wren! Campylorhynchus(turdinus( ! ToothCbilled!Wren! Odontorchilus(cinereus( ! Moustached!Wren! Pheugopedius(genibarbis( ! BuffCbreasted!Wren! Cantorchilus(leucotis( ! FawnCbreasted!Wren! Cantorchilus(guarayanus( ! House!Wren! Troglodytes(aedon( ! GNATCATCHERS! POLIOPTILIDAE## ! LongCbilled!Gnatwren! Ramphocaenus(melanurus( ! Guianan!(Para)!Gnatcatcher! Polioptila(guianensis(paraensis( ! Masked!Gnatcatcher! Polioptila(dumicola( ! DONACOBIUS! DONACOBIIDAE## ! BlackCcapped!Donacobius! Donacobius(atricapilla( ! THRUSHES!AND!ALLIES! TURDIDAE## ! PaleCbreasted!Thrush! Turdus(leucomelas( ! Hauxwell's!Thrush! Turdus(hauxwelli( ! RufousCbellied!Thrush! Turdus(rufiventris( ! CreamyCbellied!Thrush! Turdus(amaurochalinus( ! MOCKINGBIRDS!AND!THRASHERS! MIMIDAE## ! ChalkCbrowed!Mockingbird! Mimus(saturninus( ! WAGTAILS!AND!PIPITS! MOTACILLIDAE## ! Yellowish!Pipit! Anthus(lutescens( ! NEW!WORLD!WARBLERS! PARULIDAE## ! Masked!Yellowthroat! Geothlypis(aequinoctialis(velata( ! GoldenCcrowned!(WhiteCbellied)!Warbler! Basileuterus(culicivorus(hypoleucus( ! Flavescent!Warbler! Myiothlypis(flaveola( ! TANAGERS!AND!ALLIES! THRAUPIDAE## ! RedCcrested!Cardinal! Paroaria(coronata( ! RedCcapped!Cardinal! Paroaria(gularis( ! YellowCbilled!Cardinal! Paroaria(capitata( ! BlackCfaced!Tanager! Schistochlamys(melanopis( ! WhiteCbanded!Tanager! Neothraupis(fasciata( ! RedCbilled!Pied!Tanager! Lamprospiza(melanoleuca( ! Hooded!Tanager! Nemosia(pileata( ! WhiteCrumped!Tanager! Cypsnagra(hirundinacea( ! GrayCheaded!Tanager! Eucometis(penicillata( ! FlameCcrested!Tanager! Tachyphonus(cristatus( ! WhiteCshouldered!Tanager! Tachyphonus(luctuosus( ! WhiteClined!Tanager! Tachyphonus(rufus( ! WhiteCwinged!ShrikeCTanager! Lanio(versicolor( ! SilverCbeaked!Tanager! Ramphocelus(carbo( ! BlueCgray!Tanager! Thraupis(episcopus( ! Sayaca!Tanager! Thraupis(sayaca( ! Palm!Tanager! Thraupis(palmarum( ! BurnishedCbuff!Tanager! Tangara(cayana( ! BlueCnecked!Tanager! Tangara(cyanicollis( ! Turquoise!Tanager! Tangara(mexicana(boliviana( ! Paradise!Tanager! Tangara(chilensis( ! OpalCrumped!Tanager! Tangara(velia( ! BayCheaded!Tanager! Tangara(gyrola( ! GreenCandCgold!Tanager! Tangara(schrankii( ! Swallow!Tanager! Tersina(viridis( ! BlackCfaced!Dacnis! Dacnis(lineata( ! YellowCbellied!Dacnis! Dacnis(flaviventer( ! Blue!Dacnis! Dacnis(cayana( ! ShortCbilled!Honeycreeper! Cyanerpes(nitidus( ! Purple!Honeycreeper! Cyanerpes(caeruleus( ! Green!Honeycreeper! Chlorophanes(spiza( ! YellowCbacked!Tanager! Hemithraupis(flavicollis( ! ChestnutCvented!Conebill! Conirostrum(speciosum( ! Saffron!Finch! Sicalis(flaveola( ! WedgeCtailed!GrassCFinch! Emberizoides(herbicola( ! BlueCblack!Grassquit! Volatinia(jacarina( ! Plumbeous!Seedeater! Sporophila(plumbea( ! RustyCcollared!Seedeater! Sporophila(collaris( ! DoubleCcollared!Seedeater! Sporophila(caerulescens( ! WhiteCbellied!Seedeater! Sporophila(leucoptera( ! TawnyCbellied!Seedeater! Sporophila(hypoxantha( ! ChestnutCbellied!SeedCFinch! Sporophila(angolensis( ! CoalCcrested!Finch! Charitospiza(eucosma( ! RedCcrested!Finch! Coryphospingus(cucullatus( ! Bananaquit! Coereba(flaveola( ! Grayish!Saltator! Saltator(coerulescens( ! BlackCthroated!Saltator! Saltator(atricollis( ! SlateCcolored!Grosbeak! Saltator(grossus( ! SPARROWS! EMBERIZIDAE## ! Pectoral!Sparrow! Arremon(taciturnus( ! SaffronCbilled!Sparrow! Arremon(flavirostris( ! Grassland!Sparrow! Ammodramus(humeralis( ! RufousCcollared!Sparrow! Zonotrichia(capensis( ! CARDINALS!AND!ALLIES! CARDINALIDAE## ! RedCcrowned!AntCTanager! Habia(rubica( ! RoseCbreasted!Chat! Granatellus(pelzelni( ! BlueCblack!Grosbeak! Cyanocompsa(cyanoides( ! TROUPIALS!AND!ALLIES! ICTERIDAE## ! WhiteCbrowed!Blackbird! Sturnella(superciliaris( ! Chopi!Blackbird! Gnorimopsar(chopi( ! ScarletCheaded!Blackbird! Amblyramphus(holosericeus( ! Unicolored!Blackbird! Agelasticus(cyanopus( ! BayCwinged!Cowbird! Agelaioides(badius(badius( ! Shiny!Cowbird! Molothrus(bonariensis( ! Giant!Cowbird! Molothrus(oryzivorus( ! Epaulet!Oriole! Icterus(cayanensis(cayanensis( ! Variable!Oriole! Icterus(pyrrhopterus(periporphyrus( ! OrangeCbacked!Troupial! Icterus(croconotus( ! Solitary!Black!Cacique!(Solitary!Cacique)! Cacicus(solitarius( ! YellowCrumped!Cacique! Cacicus(cela( ! Crested!Oropendola! Psarocolius(decumanus( ! Olive!(Amazonian)!Oropendola! Psarocolius(bifasciatus( ! SISKINS,!CROSSBILLS,!AND!ALLIES! FRINGILLIDAE## ! PurpleCthroated!Euphonia! Euphonia(chlorotica( ! ThickCbilled!Euphonia! Euphonia(laniirostris( ! GoldenCbellied!(WhiteClored)!Euphonia! Euphonia(chrysopasta( ! WhiteCvented!Euphonia! Euphonia(minuta( ! OrangeCbellied!Euphonia! Euphonia(xanthogaster( ! RufousCbellied!Euphonia! Euphonia(rufiventris( ! OLD!WORLD!SPARROWS! PASSERIDAE## ! House!Sparrow! Passer(domesticus( ! ! Mammals! ! Southern!Tamandua! Tamandua(tetradactyla( Tufted!Capuchin!(Brown!Capuchin)!! Cebus(apella( BlackCstriped!Capuchin!! Cebus(libidinosus( WhiteCnosed!Saki! Chiropotes(albinasus( RedChanded!Howler!! Alouatta(belzebul( Black!Howler!! Alouatta(caraya( WhiteCcheeked!Spider!Monkey! Ateles(marginatus( CrabCeating!Fox! Cerdocyon(thous( Ocelot! Leopardus(pardalis( Jaguar! Panthera(onca( Neotropical!River!Otter!! Lontra(longicaudis( Giant!Otter! Pteronura(brasiliensis( South!American!Coati! Nasua(nasua( Marsh!Deer! Blastocerus(dichotomus( Red!Brocket! Mazama(americana( Gray!Brocket! Mazama(gouazoubira( Capybara! Hydrochaeris(hydrochaeris( Azara's!Agouti! Dasyprocta(azarae( Wild!guinea!pig!sp.!(cavy)! Cavia(sp.(or(Galea(sp.( Brazilian!Rabbit! Sylvilagus(brasiliensis( !