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Exploring Athlete Advocacy Through Canadian Sport Policies, International Multi-Sport Events, and Athlete Experiences

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Exploring Athlete Advocacy Through Canadian Sport Policies, International Multi-Sport Events, and Athlete Experiences University of Windsor Scholarship at UWindsor Electronic Theses and Dissertations Theses, Dissertations, and Major Papers 1-1-2006 Exploring athlete advocacy through Canadian sport policies, International multi-sport events, and athlete experiences. Aaron Lowe University of Windsor Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd Recommended Citation Lowe, Aaron, "Exploring athlete advocacy through Canadian sport policies, International multi-sport events, and athlete experiences." (2006). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 7143. https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/7143 This online database contains the full-text of PhD dissertations and Masters’ theses of University of Windsor students from 1954 forward. These documents are made available for personal study and research purposes only, in accordance with the Canadian Copyright Act and the Creative Commons license—CC BY-NC-ND (Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Works). Under this license, works must always be attributed to the copyright holder (original author), cannot be used for any commercial purposes, and may not be altered. Any other use would require the permission of the copyright holder. Students may inquire about withdrawing their dissertation and/or thesis from this database. For additional inquiries, please contact the repository administrator via email ([email protected]) or by telephone at 519-253-3000ext. 3208. EXPLORING ATHLETE ADVOCACY THROUGH CANADIAN SPORT POLICIES, INTERNATIONAL MULTI-SPORT EVENTS, AND ATHLETE EXPERIENCES BY Aaron Lowe A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies through Human Kinetics in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Human Kinetics at the University of Windsor Windsor, Ontario, Canada ©2006 Aaron Lowe Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Library and Bibliotheque et 1*1 Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-42334-9 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-42334-9 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce,Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve,sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par Nntemet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet,distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans loan, distribute and sell theses le monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non­ sur support microforme, papier, electronique commercial purposes, in microform, et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. this thesis. Neither the thesis Ni la these ni des extraits substantiels de nor substantial extracts from it celle-ci ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement may be printed or otherwise reproduits sans son autorisation. reproduced without the author's permission. In compliance with the Canadian Conformement a la loi canadienne Privacy Act some supporting sur la protection de la vie privee, forms may have been removed quelques formulaires secondaires from this thesis. ont ete enleves de cette these. While these forms may be includedBien que ces formulaires in the document page count, aient inclus dans la pagination, their removal does not represent il n'y aura aucun contenu manquant. any loss of content from the thesis. i * i Canada Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT This thesis explores the ways that elite amateur athletes can have a more effective voice within the Canadian Sport System by looking at select Canadian sport policies, athlete involvement in the organization of International multi-sport events held in Canada, and athlete requirements to be an effective advocate. A document analysis of 23 federal sport policy documents from 1961-2004 explored patterns in rationale, recommended solutions, rules and resources. Interviews were conducted with six athletes and six organizers involved in three different International multi­ sport events (1988 Winter Olympics, 1994 Commonwealth Games, and the 1999 Pan-American Games) to identify the involvement athletes had in the organization of these events, as well as their advice for athletes to become better advocates in the Canadian Sport System. Sport policy documents highlighted the need for a new athlete policy clarifying the roles for athletes and organizers. Athlete involvement in multi-sport events progressed from an informal to a formal involvement, in areas including village and transportation issues. Key advocate qualities included knowledge of personal, sport, and broader societal issues impacting on sport. iii Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my family and all the elite amateur athletes out there who feel neglected or feel that their voices are not being heard in the Canadian Sport System. My hope is that this research contributes to the overall increased involvement of elite amateur athletes in the decision-making processes in Canada, at all levels. To my mom, thanks for always supporting me through the ups and downs of sport and education. Your constant reassurance that school is important has allowed me to become a better person and more prepared for life after sport. To Megan, together hopefully we have made a difference in the lives of the future generations of athletes. Our strong relationship has made writing this thesis possible, especially on those long, hard days in front of the computer ........it was all worth it! iv Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS There are many people who have had an impact in my life and have helped me to persevere through my athletic career as well as allowing me to accomplish my educational goals. Their personal and academic support throughout the past several years is greatly appreciated. I would like to thank my advisor Dr. Victoria Paraschak. Your drive to help me understand sport more analytically, your passion for teaching, and your friendship have all been meaningful, which has led to a richer educational experience. I would also like to thank the committee members: Dr. Scott Martyn, Dr. Alan Sears (proposal stage) and Dr. James Winter. Your advice and support have been significant in the completion of this thesis. I thank you for your individual contributions. Also worthy of acknowledgement are the faculty and staff within the Departments of Kinesiology and Athletics and Recreation. In particular, I would like to thank Dr. Marge Holman, Dr. Marliese Kimmerle, Dr. Robert Boucher, Dr. Alan Metcalfe, Dr. Krista Chandler, Diane Dupuis, Pat Amlin, and Gord Grace. Your encouragement and contributions to my education are held in high regard. A special thanks to all of the participants who took part in my interviews. Bill Warren, Bill France, Dave Carmichael, Bruce Wasylik, Mike Moore, Randy Anderson, Rod Garassino, Kathy Salmon, Trevino Betty, Stacey Galloway, Ian Bird, and Susane Dandenault. You have all made this research a worthwhile endeavor, Thank You. v Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. I would also like to thank Skate Canada, Sport Canada, my coaches, everyone at Radovich Chiropractic, Joanne Rothery, and Dave Stoute. They have all been invaluable supporters throughout my athletic career, and also huge contributors, helping me achieve many of my life goals. To my mom and Megan, the two biggest supporters in my life, I love you both. Sincerely, Aaron Lowe vi Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT........................................................................................ iii DEDICATION....................................................................................................................iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS................................................................................................v LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS................................................... x CHAPTER PAGE 1. INTRODUCTION I. Introduction...................................................................................................1 II. Operational definition of Athlete-Centred .................................................7 III. Assumptions ........................................................................ 8 IV. Theoretical and Practical Justification .....................................................15 2. CANADIAN SPORT POLICY ANALYSIS I. Introduction................................................................................................ 19 II. Preliminary History of the Federal Government’s Relationship with Elite Amateur Athletes ................................................................... 19 III. Methodology and Directional Proposition for Sub-Problem #1 ........... 33 IV. Delimitations and Limitations: Canadian Sport
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