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Report 6 the State of Deconstruction in New Zealand

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Report 6 the State of Deconstruction in New Zealand REPORT 6 THE STATE OF DECONSTRUCTION IN NEW ZEALAND Authors: John B Storey, Morten Gjerde, Andrew Charleson, Maibritt Pedersen (Centre of Building Performance Research, Victoria University, Wellington, New Zealand) ABSTRACT: This paper discusses the state of deconstruction in New Zealand. It outlines specific circumstances in New Zealand which affect deconstruction and materials reuse. The paper details techniques, strategies and examples of deconstruction in New Zealand, and provides an overview of legislation, guidelines, governmental bodies and industry organisations that are associated with construction and demolition as well as waste minimisation in New Zealand. The key document relating to the potential for wide spread implementation of deconstruction and other materials reuse strategies in New Zealand is the recently published a strategy document ‘The New Zealand Waste Strategy – Towards Zero Waste and a Sustainable New Zealand 20021, which sets the nation a target of reducing construction and demolition waste going to landfills by 50% of the 2005 figure by 2008. Half of the Territorial Authorities in New Zealand have set themselves the even more ambitious target of zero waste by 2015. KEYWORDS: Deconstruction; New Zealand; Demolition; Recycling; Design; Waste minimisation. CONTENTS: CONTENTS:...........................................................................................................................................2 LIST OF TABLES..................................................................................................................................5 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................................6 Overview..............................................................................................................................................6 1.1 Waste Impact of the Construction Industry in NZ..........................................................................7 1.2 Waste Statistics in NZ ....................................................................................................................7 Reasons for Deconstruction with Respect to Sustainability.................................................................8 The Waste Management Hierarchy .....................................................................................................9 NZ Specific Benefits of Deconstruction Social / Cultural....................................................................9 Waste Minimisation Case Studies in NZ............................................................................................10 REBRI Case Studies .....................................................................................................................10 Christchurch City Council Case Studies.......................................................................................11 CHAPTER 2: DEMOLITION AND DECONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES, MACHINERY AND TOOLS ..................................................................................................................................................12 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................12 2.1 Planning Issues for Demolition and Deconstruction...................................................................13 2.2 Demolition Techniques, Methods and Machinery .......................................................................15 2.4 Worker Training and Safety.........................................................................................................19 CHAPTER 3: WHOLE BUILDING AND COMPONENT REUSE..............................................22 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................22 3.1 Adaptive Reuse of Buildings ........................................................................................................22 3.2 Moving Buildings to a New Site for Reuse...................................................................................22 Issues of Component Reuse: Overview..............................................................................................26 3.3 Benefits of Component Reuse ......................................................................................................26 3.4 Damage During Extraction .........................................................................................................27 3.5 Component Recertification Requirements ...................................................................................27 Component Reuse in NZ, Case Studies:.............................................................................................28 CHAPTER 4: ENHANCING MATERIALS RECYCLABILITY:..................................................31 4.1 General Issues of Materials Recycling in NZ ..............................................................................31 4.2 Recycling Issues for Specific Materials Concrete: ......................................................................32 Brick: ............................................................................................................................................33 Timber: .........................................................................................................................................33 Plastics: .........................................................................................................................................36 Glass: ............................................................................................................................................37 Plasterboard: .................................................................................................................................38 Metals: ..........................................................................................................................................38 4.3 Deconstruction as a Method for Increasing Materials Recyclability ..........................................39 CHAPTER 5: ENVIRONMENT HEALTH AND SAFTEY ...........................................................41 2 5.1 Structural Evaluation, Work at Height, Job Hazard Analysis and Other Safety Issues...............41 Hazardous Materials .........................................................................................................................41 5.2 Asbestos .......................................................................................................................................43 5.3 Lead Based Paint.........................................................................................................................44 Others Toxic Fumes and Substances:................................................................................................45 Synthetic Mineral Fibres:..............................................................................................................45 Polychlorinated biphenyls(PCB’s)................................................................................................45 Treated timber and Pentachlorophenol(PCP)................................................................................46 Dust:..............................................................................................................................................46 Toxic Moulds and biological hazards: ..........................................................................................46 CFCs / HCFCs: .............................................................................................................................47 CHAPTER 6: ECONOMICS OF DECONSTRUCTION AND MARKETING OF USED MATERIALS........................................................................................................................................48 6.1 Assessing the Economics of Deconstruction................................................................................48 Building Salvaged Materials Markets...........................................................................................48 Waste Management Framework ...................................................................................................48 The Recycling Industry.................................................................................................................49 Wider Context...............................................................................................................................49 6.2 Assessment Models / 6.3 Deconstruction Assessment Tools........................................................50 6.4 Life-cycle Costing of Deconstruction...........................................................................................50 WISARD:......................................................................................................................................50 BRANZ:........................................................................................................................................51 Forest Research Institute (FRI) :...................................................................................................51 NZIA Life Cycle Impact Charts....................................................................................................51 6.5 Materials Reuse Businesses, The Role of Demolition Contractors..............................................52
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