Incarceration and Regime Change
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Human Cattle: Prison Overpopulation and the Political Economy of Mass Incarceration
Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science Volume 4 Article 3 5-10-2016 Human Cattle: Prison Overpopulation and the Political Economy of Mass Incarceration Peter Hanna San Jose State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/themis Part of the Criminology and Criminal Justice Commons Recommended Citation Hanna, Peter (2016) "Human Cattle: Prison Overpopulation and the Political Economy of Mass Incarceration," Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science: Vol. 4 , Article 3. https://doi.org/10.31979/THEMIS.2016.0403 https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/themis/vol4/iss1/3 This Peer-Reviewed Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Justice Studies at SJSU ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science by an authorized editor of SJSU ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Human Cattle: Prison Overpopulation and the Political Economy of Mass Incarceration Abstract This paper examines the costs and impacts of prison overpopulation and mass incarceration on individuals, families, communities, and society as a whole. We start with an overview of the American prison system and the costs of maintaining it today, and move on to an account of the historical background of the prison system to provide context for the discussions later in this paper. This paper proceeds to go into more detail about the financial and social costs of mass incarceration, concluding that the costs of the prison system outweigh its benefits. This paper will then discuss the stigma and stereotypes associated with prison inmates that are formed and spread through mass media. -
Prison Abolition and Grounded Justice
Georgetown University Law Center Scholarship @ GEORGETOWN LAW 2015 Prison Abolition and Grounded Justice Allegra M. McLeod Georgetown University Law Center, [email protected] This paper can be downloaded free of charge from: https://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub/1490 http://ssrn.com/abstract=2625217 62 UCLA L. Rev. 1156-1239 (2015) This open-access article is brought to you by the Georgetown Law Library. Posted with permission of the author. Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub Part of the Criminal Law Commons, Criminal Procedure Commons, Criminology Commons, and the Social Control, Law, Crime, and Deviance Commons Prison Abolition and Grounded Justice Allegra M. McLeod EVIEW R ABSTRACT This Article introduces to legal scholarship the first sustained discussion of prison LA LAW LA LAW C abolition and what I will call a “prison abolitionist ethic.” Prisons and punitive policing U produce tremendous brutality, violence, racial stratification, ideological rigidity, despair, and waste. Meanwhile, incarceration and prison-backed policing neither redress nor repair the very sorts of harms they are supposed to address—interpersonal violence, addiction, mental illness, and sexual abuse, among others. Yet despite persistent and increasing recognition of the deep problems that attend U.S. incarceration and prison- backed policing, criminal law scholarship has largely failed to consider how the goals of criminal law—principally deterrence, incapacitation, rehabilitation, and retributive justice—might be pursued by means entirely apart from criminal law enforcement. Abandoning prison-backed punishment and punitive policing remains generally unfathomable. This Article argues that the general reluctance to engage seriously an abolitionist framework represents a failure of moral, legal, and political imagination. -
Chalk and Cheese: Australian Vs. Norwegian Prisons
Chalk and Cheese Australian vs. Norwegian Prisons by Irina Dunn 1Published by Community Justice Coalition 2017 © Community Justice Coalition / Irina Dunn 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted by any person or entity, including internet such as engines or retailers, in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying (except under the statutory exceptions provisions of the Australian Copyright Act 1968), recording, scanning or by any information storage and retrieval system without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. The fact that this book is published online does not mean that any part of it can be reproduced without frst obtaining written permission: copyright laws do still apply. Inquiries should be directed to the author. First published by Community Justice Coalition in 2017 PO Box 386 Broadway Sydney NSW 2007 Australia Phone (02) 9283 0123 www.communityjusticecoalition.org National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry: Creator: Irina Dunn, author Title: Chalk & Cheese: Australian vs. Norwegian Prisons ISBN: 9780648140405 (ebook) Subjects: Criminal justice, Administrator of --Australia Criminal justice, Administration of --Great Britain Criminal justice, Administration of --Norway Criminal justice, Administration of --Netherlands Criminal justice, Administration of --Cross-Cultural-Studies Cover designed by Nick Freeman Breakout Media Communications Edited by Irina Dunn 2 Table of Contents Executive Summary ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ -
A Guide for Policy Reform in Colombia 9
Table of Contents Executive Summary / 7 Introduction / 13 The publication of this report was supported by the Washington Prison from a Gender Perspective: Incarceration’s Effects on Women Convicted of Drug Crimes / 21 Office on Latin America and Open Society Foundations. Drug Policies and Gender: An Overdue Analysis / 22 ISBN 978-958-59496-9-0 Digital edition The Profile of Women Imprisoned for Drug Crimes in Colombia / 23 Colombia’s Prison Crisis and Its Impact on Women / 29 Photography Jessamine Bartley-Matthews Adam Schaffer Public Policy Recommendations: The Need for More Human and Effective Measures / 53 Understanding the Human Side of the Drug Problem / 54 Layout and cover Alejandro Ospina Changing Criminal Sanctions / 60 Understanding and Minimizing Prison’s Differentiated Translation Morgan Stoffregen and Disproportionate Effects on Women / 70 Printed by References / 77 Ediciones Antropos Ltda. First edition Bogotá, Colombia, October 2016 This document is available at http://www.dejusticia.org Women’s Voices from Prison: When Women Are Used as “Bait” for International Trafficking / 26 Marginal Links to Criminal Organizations / 27 When Criminal Defense Works against Defendants / 31 The Accused Cannot Reduce Their Sentences / 32 Creative Commons License 2.5 What Are Living Conditions Like in Prison? / 34 Attribution – Non-commercial – Share alike The Erosion and Weakening of Family Ties / 38 Long-Distance Mother-Child Relationships / 39 Dejusticia, 2016 Carrera 24 No. 34–61, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia Life After Prison and the Possibility of Relapse 1 / 42 Telephone: (+57 1) 608 3605 Life After Prison and the Possibility of Relapse 2 / 45 www.dejusticia.org Executive Summary n recent decades, the dominant model for responding to the drug problem has been the “war on drugs,” which relies on penal law to criminalize, prohibit, and penalize conduct associated with all stages of the drug trade. -
The Case for More Incarceration
If you have issues viewing or accessing this file contact us at NCJRS.gov. U.S. Department of Justice Office of Policy and Communications Office of Policy Development The Case for More Incarceration 1992 &7 U.S. Department of Justice Office of Policy and Communications Office of Policy Development The Case for More Incarceration 1992, NCJ-J39583 139583 U.S. Department of Justice National Institute of Justice This document has been reproduced exactly as received from the Ph~rson or organization originating it. Points of view or opinions stated in t IS do.c~ment ~~e those of (he authors and do not necessarily rep'esent the official position or pOlicies of the National Institute of Justice. Permtisdsion to reproduce this II f) I8llM material has been gran~d t:1y • . • .l?UbllC Danain/Off. of Poliey Communications/Off. of POlley Develop. to the National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS). Ffutrthher repr?ductlon outside of the NCJRS system requires permission o e ........ owner. NCJRS ~AN 5 1993 ACQUISITIONS (@ffitt nf tltt Attnrntl1 <&tntral liIus1yingtnn, i.QT. 20530 October 28, 1992 In July, I released a report entitled Combating Violent Crime: 24 Recommendations to strengthen Criminal Justice, set ting forth a comprehensive strategy for making state criminal justice systems more effective in achieving their central purpose -- the protection of our citizens. As I stated then, there is no better way to reduce crime than to identify, target, and incapa citate those hardened criminals who commit staggering numbers of violent crimes whenever they are on the streets. Of course, we cannot incapacitate these criminals unless we build sufficient prison and jail space to house them. -
From Slavery to Mass Incarceration
loïc wacquant FROM SLAVERY TO MASS INCARCERATION Rethinking the ‘race question’ in the US ot one but several ‘peculiar institutions’ have success- ively operated to define, confine, and control African- NAmericans in the history of the United States. The first is chattel slavery as the pivot of the plantation economy and inceptive matrix of racial division from the colonial era to the Civil War. The second is the Jim Crow system of legally enforced discrimination and segregation from cradle to grave that anchored the predominantly agrarian society of the South from the close of Reconstruction to the Civil Rights revolution which toppled it a full century after abolition. America’s third special device for containing the descendants of slaves in the Northern industrial metropolis is the ghetto, corresponding to the conjoint urbanization and proletarianization of African-Americans from the Great Migration of 1914–30 to the 1960s, when it was ren- dered partially obsolete by the concurrent transformation of economy and state and by the mounting protest of blacks against continued caste exclusion, climaxing with the explosive urban riots chronicled in the Kerner Commission Report.1 The fourth, I contend here, is the novel institutional complex formed by the remnants of the dark ghetto and the carceral apparatus with which it has become joined by a linked relationship of structural symbiosis and functional surrogacy. This suggests that slavery and mass imprisonment are genealogically linked and that one cannot understand the latter—its new left review 13 jan feb 2002 41 timing, composition, and smooth onset as well as the quiet ignorance or acceptance of its deleterious effects on those it affects—without return- ing to the former as historic starting point and functional analogue. -
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO the Penitentiary at Richmond
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO The Penitentiary at Richmond: Slavery, State Building, and Labor in the South’s First State Prison A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in History by Hilary Louise Coulson Committee in charge: Professor Rebecca Jo Plant, Chair Professor Stephen D. Cox Professor Mark Hanna Professor Mark Hendrickson Professor Rachel Klein 2016 Copyright Hilary Louise Coulson, 2016 All Rights Reserved The Dissertation of Hilary Louise Coulson is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Chair University of California, San Diego 2016 iii DEDICATION For my parents, Richard and Laura Coulson who always believed I could, and for my husband, Frank Fernandez, who helped me prove it. iv EPIGRAPH “You know we don’t have our prisons like yours of the North, like grand palaces with flower-yards.” –Keeper of the Virginia Penitentiary, c. 1866 v TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page ............................................................................................... iii Dedication ...................................................................................................... -
Imprisonment: Where?
If you have issues viewing or accessing this file contact us at NCJRS.gov. IMPRISONMENT: WHERE? -- --- - --5 DEC "1 '\918 Imprisonment: where? Institutions (prisons and remand houses) to which persons* sentenced to tenns of imprisonment may be committed There are various types of t)(ison in the Netherlands, each type being intended for a particular category of piisoner, for instance young persons or aduits, prisoners serving short-term or long-term sentenQ~S, men or women. Selection for any of these institutions takes into account: - age; - length of sentence. Another important factor is whether or not the person concerned wa~ already in custody when sentenced (i.e. on remand in a rgrnand house). Age As far as age is concerned, a distinction is drawn between adults (persons aged 23 and over} and young p1'lrsons (the 18 -23 age-group; in some cases, persons under 18 Or ;:,VGii persons of23 and 24). length of sentence When distinguishing between persons serving short-term and long-term sentences, the actual du ration of the sentence is taken into account, that is to say, the sentence imposed less any period spent in custody awaiting trial or sentence (Le. in preliminary detention). The length of sentence is important since, as already * the only establishment to which women sentenced to imprisonment are committed Is the Rotterdam Women's Prison; the information given in this pamphlet, therefore, refers only to male prisoners. 1 stated, a number of institutions are intended for prisoners serving short-term sentences and a number of others for those serving long-term sentences. -
The Long Reach of the Carceral State: the Politics of Crime, Mass Imprisonment, and Penal Reform in the United States and Abroad
Law & Social Inquiry Volume 34, Issue 2, 439–472, Spring 2009 The Long Reach of the Carceral State: The Politics of Crime, Mass Imprisonment, and Penal Reform in the United States and Abroad Marie Gottschalk GILMORE,RUTH WILSON. 2007. Golden Gulag: Prisons, Surplus, Crisis, and Opposition in Globalizing California. Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. xxii + 388. $50.00 cloth; $19.95 paper. MANZA,JEFF, and CHRISTOPHER UGGEN. 2006. Locked Out: Felon Disenfran- chisement and American Democracy. New York: Oxford University Press. Pp. viii + 359. $29.95 cloth; $18.95 paper. SIMON,JONATHAN. 2007. Governing Through Crime: How the War on Crime Transformed American Democracy and Created a Culture of Fear. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Pp. viii + 330. $29.95 cloth. TONRY,MICHAEL, ED. 2007. Crime, Punishment, and Politics in a Comparative Perspective: Crime and Justice: A Review of Research, vol. 36. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Pp. ix + 680. $60.00 cloth; $39.00 paper. WESTERN,BRUCE. 2006. Punishment and Inequality in America. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. Pp. xiv + 247. $29.95 cloth; $17.95 paper. This essay reviews five books as they relate to the causes and political consequences of mass imprisonment in the United States and the comparative politics of penal policy: Ruth Wilson Gilmore’s Golden Gulag: Prisons, Surplus, Crisis, and Opposition in Globalizing California (2007); Jeff Manza and Christopher Uggen’s Locked Out: Felon Disenfranchisement and American Democracy (2006); Jonathan Simon’s Governing Through Crime: How the War on Crime Transformed American Democracy and Created a Culture of Fear (2007); Michael Tonry, ed., Crime, Marie Gottschalk is a professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Pennsylvania and the author of The Prison and the Gallows: The Politics of Mass Incarceration in America. -
World War Ii Internment Camp Survivors
WORLD WAR II INTERNMENT CAMP SURVIVORS: THE STORIES AND LIFE EXPERIENCES OF JAPANESE AMERICAN WOMEN Precious Vida Yamaguchi A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY August 2010 Committee: Radhika Gajjala, Ph.D., Advisor Sherlon Pack-Brown, Ph.D. Graduate Faculty Representative Lynda D. Dixon, Ph.D. Lousia Ha, Ph.D. Ellen Gorsevski, Ph.D. © 2010 Precious Vida Yamaguchi All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Radhika Gajjala, Advisor On February 19, 1942, President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Executive Order 9066 required all people of Japanese ancestry in America (one-eighth of Japanese blood or more), living on the west coast to be relocated into internment camps. Over 120,000 people were forced to leave their homes, businesses, and all their belongings except for one suitcase and were placed in barbed-wire internment camps patrolled by armed police. This study looks at narratives, stories, and experiences of Japanese American women who experienced the World War II internment camps through an anti-colonial theoretical framework and ethnographic methods. The use of ethnographic methods and interviews with the generation of Japanese American women who experienced part of their lives in the United State World War II internment camps explores how it affected their lives during and after World War II. The researcher of this study hopes to learn how Japanese American women reflect upon and describe their lives before, during, and after the internment camps, document the narratives of the Japanese American women who were imprisoned in the internment camps, and research how their experiences have been told to their children and grandchildren. -
Prison Privatization in the United States: a New Strategy for Racial Control
PRISON PRIVATIZATION IN THE UNITED STATES: A NEW STRATEGY FOR RACIAL CONTROL by Gertrudis Mercadal A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts and Sciences in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton, Florida August 2014 Copyright by Gertrudis Mercadal 2014 ii PRISON PRIVATIZATION IN THE UNITED STATES: A NEW STRATEGY FOR RACIAL CONTROL by Gertrudis Mercadal This dissertation was prepared under the direction of the candidate’s dissertation advisor, Dr. Farshad Araghi, Department of Sociology, and has been approved by the members of her supervisory committee. It was submitted to the faculty of the Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts & Letters and was accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE: ______________________________ Farshad Araghi, Ph.D. Dissertation Advisor ______________________________ Susan Love Brown, Ph.D. _____________________________ Simon Glynn, Ph.D. ___________________________________ Michael J. Horswell, Ph.D. Director, Comparative Studies Program ___________________________________ Heather Coltman, DMA Dean, Dorothy F. Schmidt College of Arts & Letters ___________________________________ __________________ Deborah L. Floyd, Ed.D. Date Interim Dean, Graduate College iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author wishes to express her sincere love and gratitude to her husband, André Sabbagh, and her mother, Lucy Cottone Palencia, for their encouragement and patience during the writing of this manuscript. The author also wishes to thank the members of her advisory committee for their valuable time and advice during the development of this work, most especially Dr. Farshad Araghi for his insightful guidance and thoughtful mentorship during the years of research and writing of this dissertation. -
Imprisonment*
IMPRISONMENT* Keith B. Jobson** "... let the punishment fit the crime" I. INTRODUCTION Bleak and foreboding, the penitentiary fortress, Dorchester, dominates the town that bears its name, much as imprisonment itself dominates sen- tencing. In the law books, page after page of print is devoted to impris- onment, a few scant lines to probation or fines. In the superior courts, judges pen volumes justifying the application of imprisonment, but little or no attempt is made to build a sentencing philosophy around probation or fines. In government administration, extravagant sums are spent building new and bigger prisons while little or no effort is made to measure their efficacy in protecting society from further crime. Imprisonment carries its own grim justification: punishment. Retribution in sentencing is not dead. The Criminal Code was con- ceived in retribution, ' and, beneath the rhetoric of deterrence and rehabilita- tion, the courts maintain retributive sentencing practices. ' While retributive goals suffered minor setbacks at the hands of penal administrators converted to utilitarian reform, the basic retributive philosophy remains intact and still runs strong throughout the legal system; indeed, in 1969. a research report by The Foundation for Legal Research in Canada, funded by the Canadian Bar Association, affirmed in clear language that without punishment, first and foremost, the raison d'etre of imprisonment falls. ' This article examines the impact of sentences of imprisonment in magis- trates' courts in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, and questions the pur- poses of imprisonment. It is suggested that in sentencing retribution be *This article was written in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Doctor of the Science of Law in the Faculty of Law, Columbia University.