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Franklin County Long-Range Transportation Plan
Prepared for: Franklin County Department of Planning 218 North Second Street Chambersburg, PA 17201
Prepared by: WSP USA
in cooperation with: Martin and Martin, Incorporated Wordsworth Communications
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Table of Contents
Introduction ...... 1
What is the Franklin County Long-Range Transportation Plan? ...... 1 What is a Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO)? ...... 2 Why develop a long-range transportation plan for Franklin County? ...... 2 How will the long-range transportation plan be implemented? ...... 2
Vision, Goals, and Performance Measures ...... 4
Franklin County Vision and Planning Process ...... 4 LRTP Goals ...... 6 Performance Measures ...... 8 Safety Performance Measures (PM 1) ...... 9 Pavement Performance Measures – Highways & Bridges (PM 2) ...... 9 System Reliability Performance Measures (PM 3) ...... 10 Air Quality Performance Measures (PM 3) ...... 11
Public Participation and Plan Development ...... 12
Public Participation ...... 12 Environmental Justice ...... 14 Tribal Consultation ...... 16
Transportation System Overview ...... 19
Highways & Bridges ...... 19 Roadways ...... 20 Functional Classification & Federal-Aid System ...... 20 Traffic Volumes ...... 26 Travel Trends ...... 30 Pavement Performance ...... 34 Congestion ...... 36 Bridges ...... 43 Transit ...... 50 Commuting & Employment ...... 54 i | Franklin County LRTP 11- 14- 201 8
Contents
Modes of Transportation ...... 54 Commuter Flows ...... 55 Employment ...... 57 Rail & Freight ...... 59 Rail Network and Crossings ...... 61 Warehouse Development and Freight Traffic Generators ...... 64 Truck Volumes ...... 67 Non-Motorized Transportation...... 69 Safety ...... 73 Crash Analysis ...... 73 Truck Crashes ...... 76 Crashes at Railroad Crossings ...... 77 Bicycle and Pedestrian Crashes ...... 80 Aviation ...... 82 Franklin County Regional Airport ...... 82 Other Regional Airports Important to Franklin County ...... 84
Environmental, Historical, & Cultural Constraints ...... 85
Protected Lands ...... 85 Environmental Constraints ...... 86 Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 ...... 86 Environmental Mtigation Strategies ...... 87
Transportation Funding ...... 91
Asset Management, Projects, and Actions ...... 93
Fiscally Constrained Projects ...... 93 Asset Management ...... 106 Illustrative Projects ...... 113 MPO Action Plan ...... 120
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Contents
List of Figures
Figure 1: Transportation Planning and Programming Process ...... 5
Figure 2: LRTP Goals ...... 6
Figure 3: FAST Act Federal Planning Factors ...... 7
Figure 4: LRTP Goals and Relation to Federal Planning Factors ...... 8
Figure 5: Franklin County Minority Population ...... 17
Figure 6: Franklin County Median Household Income ...... 18
Figure 7: Franklin County Roadway Network by Jurisdiction (2016) ...... 20
Figure 8: Franklin County Linear Roadway Miles and DVMT by Functional Classification ...... 23
Figure 9: Federal Functional Classifications of Franklin County Roadways ...... 24
Figure 10: Traffic Volume Map ...... 28
Figure 11: Volume Fluctuations along I-81 in Franklin County ...... 29
Figure 12: Change in DVMT by Jurisdiction ...... 31
Figure 13: Change in DVMT for Franklin County and Pennsylvania ...... 32
Figure 14: Pennsylvania Means of Travel, 2012-2016 ...... 33
Figure 15: International Roughness Index Ratings on NHS Highways ...... 34
Figure 16: International Roughness Index Map ...... 35
Figure 17: Congested Corridors, TTR >=1.5, Weekday Peak (6 a.m.–9 a.m. & 4 p.m. –6 p.m.) ...... 38
Figure 18: Congested Corridors, TTR >=1.5, Weekend Peak ...... 39
Figure 19: Structurally Deficient & Functionally Obsolete Bridges, by Jurisdiction ...... 46
Figure 20: Bridge Sufficiency Ratings, Lowest Rated Bridges, by Jurisdiction ...... 47
Figure 21: Locally Owned Bridges, 8-20 Feet in Length, Not in PennDOT BMS ...... 48
Figure 22: rabbittransit Pick-Ups by Time of Day, Franklin County ...... 50
Figure 23: rabbittransit Trips by Purpose, Franklin County ...... 52
Figure 24: rabbittransit Percentage of Passengers by Age, Franklin County...... 53
Figure 25: Franklin County Regional Commuter Flow Patterns, 2015 ...... 56
Figure 26: Top 10 Employers in Franklin County, 2017 ...... 58 iii | Franklin County LRTP 11- 14- 201 8
Contents
Figure 27: Freight Supply Chain ...... 60
Figure 28: Proliferation of Distribution Centers ...... 60
Figure 29: Franklin County Rail Network ...... 62
Figure 30: Franklin County Rail Crossings ...... 63
Figure 31: Franklin County Warehouses and Freight Facilities ...... 65
Figure 32: Franklin County Traffic-Generating Land Uses ...... 66
Figure 33: Franklin County Truck Volumes ...... 68
Figure 34: Franklin County Non-Motorized Assets, 2017 ...... 70
Figure 35: Franklin County Points of Interest, 2017 ...... 71
Figure 36: Franklin County Schools, 2017 ...... 72
Figure 37: DVMT Growth & Number of Crashes in Franklin County, 2012-2016 ...... 74
Figure 38: Franklin County Crash Hotspots, 2012-2016 ...... 75
Figure 39: Franklin County Heavy Truck Crash Hotspots, 2012-2016 ...... 78
Figure 40: Franklin County At-Grade Railroad Crossing Crashes, 2012-2016 ...... 79
Figure 41: Franklin County Bicycle & Pedestrian Crash Hotspots, 2012-2016...... 81
Figure 42: Franklin County Aviation Facilities ...... 83
Figure 43: Franklin County Protected Lands ...... 89
Figure 44: Franklin County Environmental Constraints ...... 90
Figure 45: Transportation Improvement Program (2019-2022) ...... 104
Figure 46: TYP and Long-Range Projects (2023-2040) ...... 105
Figure 47: Franklin County Asset Management Projects (2017-2025) ...... 112
Figure 48: Illustrative Projects...... 119
Figure 49: LRTP Goals ...... 120
Figure 50: Federal Planning Factors ...... 121
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Contents
List of Tables
Table 1: Franklin County Safety Performance Measures (PM 1) ...... 9
Table 2: Baseline and Target Values for Pavement Measures (PM 2) ...... 10
Table 3: Baseline and Target Values for Bridge Measures (PM 2) ...... 10
Table 4: Baseline and Target Values for Reliability (PM 3) ...... 11
Table 5: Baseline and Target Values for CMAQ Emission Measures (PM 3) ...... 11
Table 6: Race and Ethnic Composition ...... 15
Table 7: Franklin County Roadway Network by Functional Classification (2016) ...... 22
Table 8: Approved Changes to Federal-Aid Highway System in Franklin County (2017) ...... 25
Table 9: Franklin County Average Annual Daily Traffic, Top 20 Segments ...... 27
Table 10: Franklin County DVMT by Functional Classification ...... 30
Table 11: Travel Time Ratio Congestion Threshold, Franklin County ...... 36
Table 12: Top 10 Congested Roadway Segments, AM Weekday Peak, Franklin County ...... 40
Table 13: Top 10 Congested Roadway Segments, PM Weekday Peak, Franklin County ...... 41
Table 14: Top 10 Congested Roadway Segments, Weekend Peak, Franklin County ...... 42
Table 15: Franklin County Bridges, PennDOT BMS System, by Functional Class ...... 43
Table 16: Franklin County Bridges, PennDOT BMS, Condition by Deck Area ...... 44
Table 17: Franklin County Bridge Sufficiency Ratings, Lowest-Rated PennDOT Bridges ...... 45
Table 18: Franklin County Bridge Sufficiency Ratings, Lowest-Rated Local Bridges ...... 45
Table 19: Number of Locally Owned Bridges 8-20 feet in length, by Municipality ...... 49
Table 20: rabbittransit Top 10 Pick-Up and Drop-Off Municipalities ...... 51
Table 21: rabbittransit Pick-Up and Drop-Off Counties ...... 51
Table 22: Mode-Share in Franklin County, Workers Age 16 and Older, 2012-2016 ...... 54
Table 23: Mode-Share in Central Pennsylvania, 2016 ...... 55
Table 24: Top 10 Employers in Franklin County, 2017 ...... 57
Table 25: Franklin County Crash Statistics ...... 74
Table 26: Franklin County Heavy Truck Crash Statistics, 2012-2016 ...... 76 v | Franklin County LRTP 11- 14- 201 8
Contents
Table 27: Franklin County Crashes at Railroad Crossings, 2012-2016 ...... 77
Table 28: Franklin County Bicycle Crashes, 2012-2016 ...... 80
Table 29: Franklin County Pedestrian Crashes, 2012-2016 ...... 80
Table 30: Franklin County Protected Lands ...... 86
Table 31: Franklin County Financial Projections and Year of Expenditure ($000), 2019-2044 ...... 92
Table 32: Franklin County 2019-2022 Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) ...... 95
Table 33: Franklin County LRTP 2023-2030 TYP and 2031-2040 Long-Range Projects ...... 99
Table 34: Franklin County Asset Management Project List ...... 107
Table 35: Franklin County Illustrative Projects ...... 114
Table 36: Action Plan ...... 122
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Acronyms
AADT – Average Annual Daily Traffic
BMS – Bridge Management System
CAAA – Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990
CMAQ – Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality
COG – Council of Governments
CSX – CSX Corporation
CSX – CSX Corporation
DVMT – Daily Vehicle Miles Traveled
EJ – Environmental Justice
EPA – Environmental Protection Agency
FAA – Federal Aviation Administration
FCADC – Franklin County Area Development Corporation
FCGA – Franklin County General Authority
FCPC – Franklin County Planning Commission
FCRA – Franklin County Regional Airport
FHWA – Federal Highway Administration
FO – Functionally Obsolete
FTA – Federal Transit Administration
HHS – U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
IRI – International Roughness Index
LRTP – Long-Range Transportation Plan
MAP-21 – Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act
MDT – Harrisburg International Airport Code
MPC – Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code
MPO – Metropolitan Planning Organization
NAAQS – National Ambient Air Quality Standard
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Acronyms
NHS – National Highway System
NS – Norfolk Southern Corporation
PennDOT – Pennsylvania Department of Transportation
PPP – Public Participation Plan
PUC – Public Utility Commission
RMS – Roadway Management System
SD – Structurally Deficient
SR – State Route
SARAA – Susquehanna Area Regional Airport Authority
STIP – Statewide Transportation Improvement Program
TIP – Transportation Improvement Program
TTR – Transportation Time Ratio
TYP – Twelve-Year Program
UPWP – Unified Planning Work Program
VMT – Vehicle Miles Traveled
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Introduction
Introduction
What is the Franklin County Long-Range Transportation Plan? The long-range transportation plan (LRTP) establishes goals and potential projects to improve the transportation system in Franklin County, consistent with the county’s overall vision. The LRTP considers a 25-year planning horizon and provides a framework for making transportation decisions that will support the county’s desired future.
Specifically, the LRTP inventories and assesses current land use, transportation patterns, and operations of all transportation modes in the county, and identifies needed improvements to the multimodal transportation system—highway/bridge, rail, air, transit, bicycle, and pedestrian facilities—to facilitate a desired long-term outcome.
The LRTP is guided by the Franklin County Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) and The LRTP identifies serves several key functions, including: needed improvements • Serving as the transportation element of the to the multimodal Franklin County Comprehensive Plan; transportation system • Guiding the MPO’s decisions on project prioritization for the Transportation to facilitate a desired Improvement Program (TIP); long-term outcome.
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Introduction
• Advising the county’s 22 municipalities on local and regional planning decisions that impact transportation; • Fulfilling federal and state transportation laws and regulations; and • Reflecting the needs and priorities of Franklin County’s residents, visitors, and businesses.
What is a Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO)? An MPO is a transportation policy-making body comprising representatives of local government and transportation agencies that own, operate, and fund transportation infrastructure. Federal law requires the formation of an MPO in any urbanized area with a population greater than 50,000; Franklin County became an MPO due to population growth reflected in the 2010 U.S. Census. MPOs ensure that decisions and spending on transportation projects and programs are based on a “continuing, comprehensive, and cooperative” (3C) planning process that reflects the needs and priorities of the region. MPOs administer federal and state funding for transportation projects and programs, consistent with the region’s approved LRTP.
Why develop a long-range transportation plan for Franklin County? Developing and regularly updating an LRTP is a prerequisite to receiving federal transportation funding. Further, it helps ensure that transportation investment decisions are made strategically and considered in light of their long-term effect on the region. Transportation decisions profoundly shape the direction and growth of the county. For example, the extent of job growth in Franklin County would be unlikely without I-81. An Transportation LRTP helps determine what improvements are needed to guide the county in a cohesive, agreed- decisions profoundly upon direction for the future. Without this solid shape the direction direction, growth would occur in an unplanned and and growth of incremental manner, likely to the detriment of what the county. makes Franklin County a great place in which to live, work, or visit.
How will the long-range transportation plan be implemented? Collaborative plan development lays a foundation for coordinated plan implementation. Along with the Franklin County MPO, the county’s municipalities, transportation providers, PennDOT, and other major stakeholders all have a role in implementing this plan and helping to achieve its goals.
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Introduction
• The MPO and PennDOT will give priority consideration to projects identified in this LRTP as they develop and update the regional Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) of funded projects every two years.
• The MPO and PennDOT will refer to the goals and principles established in this plan to guide development and prioritization of additional projects as needs arise. For example, an emphasis on asset management would prioritize timely repairs to existing roads and bridges. Additionally, priority will be given to projects that assist with the LRTP performance measures.
• All implementation partners will be guided by the LRTP Action Plan as they work to achieve the plan’s goals through efforts such as identifying additional sources of funding and preserving right-of-way for future projects. Lead entities are identified and represent a range of partners who influence transportation, land use, funding, utilities, economic development, and other related areas.
• The Franklin County Planning Department should review and reference (as appropriate) the LRTP as part of its Municipalities Planning Code (MPC) responsibilities. This will help alert municipalities to the effect their decisions have on the county’s LRTP projects and goals.
• Municipalities should refer to the LRTP to ensure that near-term projects complement future plans. For example, as part of the land development and subdivision approval process, municipalities should require that setbacks, right-of-way dedication, utility placement, stormwater facilities, and driveway access points accommodate planned roadway improvements.
• PennDOT’s District 8-0 will use the LRTP as the It is recommended cornerstone of its “PennDOT Connects” meetings that that the MPO track convene state, county, and municipal representatives actions and results to discuss potential projects well in advance of through annual construction. This statewide initiative is aimed at performance reports. coordinating work (such as completing utility upgrades before repaving roadways), considering and mitigating the range of potential impacts, and optimizing projects for the community.
The LRTP is an important tool for decision-makers to guide a range of efforts toward cohesive improvements and a transportation future that supports a thriving county. To ensure steady progress toward shared goals, it is recommended that the MPO track actions and results through annual LRTP implementation performance reports. More detail on how this long-range plan should be used to guide day-to-day decision-making is provided in the Action Plan (page 120).
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Vision, Goals, and Performance Measures
Vision, Goals, and Performance Measures
Franklin County Vision and Planning Process This LRTP serves as an update of the transportation element of the June 2012 Comprehensive Plan, Franklin County, PA: Forward. The goals and actions of the MPO LRTP must support the overall vision of the county as described in the comprehensive plan and stated below:
Going forward, we need to promote balanced growth with transportation and infrastructure investments.
This LRTP has been developed to support this long-term vision.
Figure 1 illustrates the Franklin County transportation planning and project programming process and indicates how the LRTP is consistent with statewide, county, MPO, and municipal plans. It also depicts how projects listed in the LRTP are prioritized into the Franklin County Transportation Improvement Program (TIP), which becomes part of the Statewide Transportation Improvement Program (STIP).
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Figure 1: Transportation Planning and Programming Process
Note: The TIP and STIP encompass projects funded by FHWA and FTA. Projects funded by FAA (aviation) are prioritized through a different process.
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Vision, Goals, and Performance Measures
LRTP Goals The MPO planning team established five high-level transportation goals to shape the LRTP in support of the Franklin County vision. The goals, listed in Figure 2, are consistent with state, regional, county, and municipal plans, reflect public input (discussed in the Public Participation section), and support the FAST Act federal planning factors, listed in Figure 3.
Figure 2: LRTP Goals
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Vision, Goals, and Performance Measures
Federal law requires that the 10 planning factors identified in the FAST Act (Fixing America’s Surface Transportation Act) be addressed in all MPO LRTPs. These factors, listed in Figure 3, replace the planning factors identified in the previous transportation authorization bill, MAP-21 (Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act), and add new factors 9 and 10.1
Figure 3: FAST Act Federal Planning Factors
1 “Scope of the Metropolitan Transportation Planning Process,” 23 CFR 450.306
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Vision, Goals, and Performance Measures
Figure 4 shows how Franklin County’s LRTP goals align with the federal planning factors. The implementation of the planning factors is woven throughout this plan.
Figure 4: LRTP Goals and Relation to Federal Planning Factors
Performance Measures In the past, it was difficult to quantify the effectiveness of long-range transportation plans due to their broadly stated goals and a lack of The Franklin County MPO corresponding metrics. Recent federal, state, and has adopted the MPO legislation and policies have focused on measuring progress toward LRTP goals to ensure PennDOT performance that resources are producing the desired results. measures for safety, pavement condition, and The Franklin County MPO intends to continue adopting statewide performance measures system reliability. identified by PennDOT and to partner in establishing a statewide performance target for
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Vision, Goals, and Performance Measures
each measure. In addition, the MPO may adopt performance measures specific to Franklin County in order to measure initiatives important to the region. As other measures are developed, the MPO will add them to the LRTP. The use of performance measures enables the MPO to monitor plan effectiveness.
Safety Performance Measures (PM 1) PennDOT and the MPO have identified a set of safety performance measures, collectively known as PM 1, presented in Table 1. The implementation portion of this plan includes projects and actions such as roadway safety audits, safety projects, and other actions that will assist in meeting the safety performance measure.
Table 1: Franklin County Safety Performance Measures (PM 1)
Target Target Target Target Target Performance 2012 - 2014 - 2016 - 2018 - 2020 - Target 2025 - Measure 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2044
2% reduction Number of 22 22 21.36 20.93 20.5 every rolling 5- Fatalities year period
2% reduction Fatality Rate 1.524 1.504 1.474 1.444 1.415 every rolling 5- year period
2% reduction Number of Serious 53.8 61.4 60.2 59 57.8 every rolling 5- Injuries year period
2% reduction Serious Injury Rate 3.722 4.197 4.113 4.031 3.951 every rolling 5- year period
Number of Non- 2% reduction Motorized 7 6.9 6.8 6.7 6.6 every rolling 5- Fatalities & Serious year period Injuries Note: Five-year averages are used to more accurately reflect overall trends.
Pavement Performance Measures – Highways & Bridges (PM 2) The Franklin County MPO has adopted PennDOT’s statewide performance measures for pavements that are part of the National Highway System, which includes Interstates as well as certain non-Interstate routes. The measures, presented in Table 2 and Table 3, also apply to the pavement conditions of the bridges along these roadways. Franklin County PM 2 includes:
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Vision, Goals, and Performance Measures
• Percentage of pavements on the Interstate system in good condition • Percentage of pavements on the Interstate system in poor condition • Percentage of non-Interstate NHS pavements in good condition • Percentage of non-Interstate NHS pavements in poor condition • Percentage of NHS bridge deck area in good condition • Percentage of NHS bridge deck area in poor condition
Table 2: Baseline and Target Values for Pavement Measures (PM 2)
Measure 2017 Baseline 2019 Target 2021 Target
NHS Interstate Pavements
Percentage in Good Condition 67.2% N/A 60.0%
Percentage in Poor Condition 0.4% N/A 2.0%
NHS Non-Interstate Pavements
Percentage in Good Condition 36.8% 35.0% 33.0%
Percentage in Poor Condition 2.3% 4.0% 5.0%
Table 3: Baseline and Target Values for Bridge Measures (PM 2)
Measure 2017 Baseline 2019 Target 2021 Target
NHS Bridge Deck Area
Percentage in Good Condition 25.6% 25.8% 26.0%
Percentage in Poor Condition 5.5% 5.6% 6.0%
The implementation portion of this plan includes asset management projects and actions, bridge replacement and rehabilitation projects, and other actions that will assist in meeting the pavement performance measure.
System Reliability Performance Measures (PM 3) The Franklin County MPO has adopted PennDOT’s statewide performance measures for transportation system reliability (Table 4 and Table 5). This performance measure includes:
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Vision, Goals, and Performance Measures
• Percentage of person-miles traveled on the Interstate system that are reliable • Percentage of person-miles traveled on the non-Interstate NHS that are reliable • Interstate Highway System Truck Travel Time Reliability Index • On-road mobile source emissions reduction for CMAQ-funded projects (Table 5)
Table 4: Baseline and Target Values for Reliability (PM 3)
Measure 2017 Baseline 2019 Target 2021 Target
Interstate Reliability (Statewide) 89.8% 89.8% 89.8%
Non-Interstate Reliability 87.4% N/A 87.4% (Statewide)
Truck Reliability Index (Statewide) 1.34 1.34 1.34
The implementation portion of this plan includes travel trends monitoring, projects, and actions that will assist in meeting the system reliability performance measure.
Air Quality Performance Measures (PM 3)
Table 5: Baseline and Target Values for CMAQ Emission Measures (PM 3)
Emissions (kg/day)
Measure 2019 Target 2021 Target
VOC Emissions 109.460 201.730
NOx Emissions 337.700 612.820
PM25 Emissions 10.760 20.490
PM10 Emissions 9.540 17.470
CO Emissions 567.700 1,135.400
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Public Participation and Plan Development
Public Participation and Plan Development
Public Participation The Franklin County MPO, as required by federal regulation, adopted an official Public Participation Plan (PPP) in February 2013. The PPP brings consistency in outreach practices, ensures public awareness of key strategies and projects, and provides a flexible approach to addressing environmental justice principles. Public outreach efforts related to the development and adoption of the LRTP are in compliance with the adopted PPP. Documentation of the outreach activities and copies of the materials are available from the Franklin County Planning Commission. Future updates to the LRTP will similarly include public outreach as outlined in the official PPP. The MPO also adopted a 2018 Unified Planning Work Program (UPWP) in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and PennDOT. The UPWP includes a Public Involvement and Communications component, which ties in directly with the PPP to maintain consistency with efforts including public outreach, environmental justice (EJ), limited English proficiency (LEP) populations, data collection and analysis, training and education, website enhancement, and Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (DBE) participation.
The MPO’s LRTP public outreach efforts centered on public participation in the advertised MPO meetings, LRTP Steering Committee meetings, Franklin County Council of Governments (COG) meetings, and the regular activities and outreach efforts of the Franklin County Planning Commission (FCPC). These meetings were held throughout the roughly 18-month planning process at least every other month. Also, the Franklin County LRTP website
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(http://www.franklincountylrtp.com/) was used to survey Franklin County residents about transportation issues and provided the opportunity Nearly 600 LRTP to review and comment on the draft LRTP. A 2018 public survey survey update added secondary questions that responses were included demographic and geographic data. The received. MPO also used Wikimap (http://wikimapping.com/wikimap/Franklin-County- LRTP-Update.html), an interactive online mapping tool that allowed Franklin County residents to identify the location of transportation concerns or issues and offer other map-based comments. Additionally, paper copies of the survey were made available, as were LEP resources when needed. The planning team received nearly 600 survey responses along with more than 200 Wikimap postings.
Additional public awareness was achieved through the county-wide newspaper, the Public Opinion. A reporter LRTP Outreach Meetings participated in many of the quarterly MPO meetings and November 9, 2017: LRTP Steering the newspaper published several articles on the LRTP Committee Meeting effort. These articles helped advertise LRTP development, November 21, 2017: Franklin County MPO Meeting the oversight role of the FCPC and the MPO, and the March 21, 2018: LRTP Municipal means for providing input into the process. Social media Focus Group was also utilized to garner public comment, including March 21, 2018: LRTP Transit Focus promotion of the LRTP website, survey, and Wikimap, as Group well as promotion of relevant meetings. April 10, 2018: LRTP Freight Focus Group Municipal input was sought at numerous times April 18, 2018: LRTP Steering Committee Meeting throughout the planning effort, including direct e-mail May 2, 2018: LRTP Municipal Focus communications soliciting input to identify transportation Group & LRPT Transit Focus Group needs and shape goals and objectives. Municipal outreach May 16, 2018: Franklin County MPO Meeting also included presentations to the Franklin County COG, August 23, 2018: LRTP Steering which includes representatives of 19 of the county’s 22 Committee Meeting municipalities, as well as five school districts and county September 26, 2018: Agency government. By soliciting municipal input directly for the Coordination Meeting (ACM) LRTP, local elected officials were kept apprised of the LRTP October 10, 2018: LRTP Public Meeting/Workshop status and content. The municipal outreach became a November 14, 2018: Franklin cornerstone in the effort to make the public aware of the County MPO Meeting planning effort through discussions at local municipal meetings. The meetings and outreach efforts were further
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Public Participation and Plan Development
supplemented by four focus group forums convening local stakeholders with particular Four focus groups expertise in municipal, public transit, freight, and non-motorized transportation issues in discussed municipal, public Franklin County. transit, freight, and
There were two special outreach efforts that non-motorized were also addressed throughout the transportation issues. development of the LRTP: environmental justice (EJ) populations and tribal consultation. The research and outreach conducted to address potential concerns of these populations are outlined below. Further enhancements to EJ and tribal outreach efforts have been addressed through the PPP, and all updates of the LRTP will incorporate input from these groups to the maximum extent practicable.
Environmental Justice FHWA has long embraced non-discrimination policies to make sure federally-funded activities (from planning through implementation) do not disproportionately adversely impact certain populations. These include low-income populations as defined by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Poverty Guidelines, as well as minority persons and populations (Black, Hispanic, Asian-American, American Indian, and Alaskan Natives). As such, public involvement and outreach for the LRTP must adhere to Presidential Executive Order 12898, Environmental Justice. These groups are defined below.
• Black – a person having origins in any of the black racial groups of Africa.
• Hispanic – a person of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, Central or South American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race.
• Asian – a person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, or the Indian subcontinent.
• American Indian and Alaskan Native – a person having origins in any of the original people of North America and maintaining cultural identification through tribal affiliation or community recognition.
• Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander – a person having origins in any of the original peoples of Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, or other Pacific Islands.
• Low income – a person whose household income (or in the case of a community or group, whose median household income) is at or below the HHS poverty guidelines.
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Public Participation and Plan Development
Franklin County’s racial and ethnic composition is primarily white, with small populations of African-American and Hispanic residents, as shown in Table 6 and in Figure 5 on page 17. The LRTP team identified EJ populations by comparing the racial and ethnic composition of each municipality to the population composition of the county as a whole. Research undertaken by FCPC staff during the LRTP process determined that the majority of the Hispanic population in Franklin County resides in Chambersburg Borough. Therefore, FCPC staff distributed a Spanish- language flier announcing the planning process and providing contact information. Similar notifications were distributed to announce the availability of the draft LRTP.
Table 6: Race and Ethnic Composition
Percentage of Percentage of Franklin Pennsylvania Race County Population Population
Non-Hispanic White 89.0% 77.8%
Non-Hispanic Black 3.7% 10.6%
Hispanic 5.1% 6.6%
Asian 1.0% 3.1%
American Indian 0.2% 0.1%
Native Hawaiian <0.1% <0.1%
Other Race 1.0% 0.1%
Two or More Races 0.1% 1.7% Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2016
Low-income populations were also identified for Franklin County. Low-income populations are defined by FHWA for transportation planning purposes as families of four with a household income that is below the poverty guidelines set by the HHS. The 2018 HHS poverty guideline for a family of four is $25,100. In Franklin County, a few areas were identified with slightly elevated percentages of households falling into this category. Median household incomes, illustrated in
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Public Participation and Plan Development
Figure 6, are lowest in St. Thomas Township, Chambersburg, portions of Quincy Township, and Waynesboro. The 2016 American Community Survey estimates 8.6 percent of all families and 11.6 percent of all people in Franklin County are living below the poverty level. Outreach efforts in addition to the activities described above that are intended to reach this population include public notices of the draft LRTP comment period provided to the Franklin County Human Services Department, employment offices, and public libraries.
Tribal Consultation As part of the LRTP development and public outreach process, consultation with federally- recognized tribes that once resided in the Franklin County region was initiated by e-mail to each tribe. Several environmental laws require tribal consultation during project development. Although Pennsylvania does not have current tribal lands, historic properties may be located on ancestral, aboriginal, or ceded lands affected by PennDOT projects. Fourteen federally- recognized tribes have been identified by PennDOT and FHWA for consultation purposes in Pennsylvania. The following tribes have been identified as having possible historical ties to Franklin County and were notified by e-mail on October 12, 2018.
• Absentee-Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma
• Delaware Nation
• Eastern Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma
• Seneca-Cayuga Tribe of Oklahoma
• Shawnee Tribe
• St. Regis Mohawk Tribe
• Tuscarora Nation
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Public Participation and Plan Development
Figure 5: Franklin County Minority Population
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2016
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Public Participation and Plan Development
Figure 6: Franklin County Median Household Income
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2016 18 | Franklin County LRTP 11- 14- 201 8
Transportation System Overview
Transportation System Overview
The most important purpose of an LRTP is to plan for a specific and desirable future transportation system based on the needs and priorities of the county’s residents and businesses. To ensure that the right decisions are made and to be able to demonstrate that transportation decisions are leading to a desired future, it is vital that the MPO knows the starting point. This starting point is established through a thorough overview and analysis of the current transportation system. Analyzing and measuring the current system provides the basis for identifying future transportation needs, allocating limited funding, and monitoring plan implementation.
Highways & Bridges Franklin County’s transportation infrastructure is Analyzing and primarily composed of highways and bridges. measuring the county’s Accordingly, 93 percent of Franklin County residents rely on personal vehicles for their commuting current system needs.2 The framework of the county’s roadway provides the basis for network is built upon I-81 and I-76 (Pennsylvania identifying future Turnpike), US 30 and US 11, and other significant US transportation needs. and state roadways. The highway and bridge network forms the backbone of transportation
2 U.S Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2016
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Transportation System Overview infrastructure within and through Franklin County, serving freight, agriculture, public transit, national defense, and commerce.
Roadways In 2016, Franklin County’s roadway network comprised a total of 1,705 linear miles of roadway. Of that total, 62.4 percent of roadway miles are locally-owned, 35.9 percent are PennDOT- owned, and the remaining 1.7 percent are owned by other state agencies such as the Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (DCNR) and the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission. Although local municipalities maintain the greatest share of roadway mileage in Franklin County, the vast majority (76.3 percent) of vehicle miles traveled in the county occur on PennDOT-owned roadways. This increases further to 85 percent when you include DVMT on the Pennsylvania Turnpike. Figure 7 illustrates the linear mileage of each type of roadway and its associated daily vehicular miles of travel as of 2016.
Figure 7: Franklin County Roadway Network by Jurisdiction (2016)
Source: PennDOT, Pennsylvania Highway Statistics, 2016
Functional Classification & Federal-Aid System Each roadway is classified based on its function and a range of characteristics, including daily traffic volumes, intended purpose, design characteristics, and location. This functional classification determines funding eligibility as well as design standards and planning considerations such as access points, setbacks, etc. The functional classification system includes the following hierarchy of roads:
• Interstate Highways: The highest classification of roadways, these limited-access facilities are designed for long-distance, high-speed travel. Interstate highways offer a high level of mobility and link major urban areas. These highways are the first choice for
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major freight operators, and accordingly most trucks within Franklin County use I-81 or I-76 at some point in their journey.
• Other Freeways and Expressways: These roadways operate in a similar fashion to Interstate highways. They are also characterized by limited access with no abutting land uses, though occasional at-grade intersections may exist. There are no roadways in Franklin County with this classification.
• Other Principal Arterials: These roadways serve major centers of metropolitan areas and offer a high degree of mobility. Unlike Interstate highways, these roadways may serve abutting land uses directly. At-grade intersections and driveways to specific parcels are characteristic of these roadways. US 30 is an example of an Other Principal Arterial roadway.
• Minor Arterial: These roadways provide service for trips of moderate length, serve smaller geographic areas than principal arterials, and offer connectivity to principal arterials and Interstate highways from collectors and local roadways. Minor arterials in rural settings are typically spaced on intervals based on population density and help connect small rural communities to larger towns nearby. Interference to through movement is typically limited and high travel speeds are easily reached. Examples include US 11, PA 16, PA 75, PA 316, and PA 641.
• Major Collector: Major collector roadways provide intra-county travel at lower speeds than arterial roadways. Major collectors gather traffic from local roads and funnel vehicles to the arterial network. Major collectors offer direct access to large residential neighborhoods, industrial areas, and agricultural facilities. Examples include PA 416, PA 997, Norland Avenue, and Washington Township Boulevard.
• Minor Collector: Minor collectors are typically shorter than major collectors, have lower travel speeds, are spaced closer to each other, have lower annual average traffic volumes, and have fewer travel lanes. Minor collectors serve smaller neighborhoods and developments than major collectors. Examples include SR 1001 (Mount Pleasant Road), SR 2020 (New Franklin Road), SR 3007 (Leitzburg Road), and SR 4004 (Upper Strasburg Road).
• Local: Local roads provide direct access to individual properties and land uses. They are not designed for through traffic, so they are typically the slowest and narrowest roadways. Local roadways are classified by default in that any federally classified roads that have not been classified as arterials or collectors are automatically considered local roadways. These roadways are generally neighborhood streets and rural back roads. The
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term “local” in functional classification does not imply local government ownership of the The vast majority of roadway; it refers to the features and functions of the roadway only. vehicle miles traveled in Franklin County As of 2016, Franklin County had federally classified roadways in all but one classification (Other occur on PennDOT- Freeway/Expressway). As shown in Table 7, the owned roadways. majority of roadways in Franklin County are classified as local, accounting for 67.4 percent of all linear mileage. With just 2.3 percent of all linear mileage, Interstate highways account for nearly 38 percent of all daily vehicle mileage in the county, as shown in Figure 8. Table 7 illustrates that as federal classification increases, the daily vehicular miles traveled per linear mile of roadway also increases (there is more traffic on Interstates than local roadways). Although linear mileage statistics do not account for variations in the number of lanes on a roadway, the DVMT/Linear Mile metric offers insight into roadway utilization throughout the county. With fewer users to accommodate and more linear miles than all other roadway types, local roads tend to be the least utilized, while Interstate highways are the most utilized. All classifications of roadways other than local and rural minor collectors are eligible for federal highway funding and represent the county’s Federal-Aid Highway System. These roadways are shown in Figure 9.
Table 7: Franklin County Roadway Network by Functional Classification (2016)
DVMT/Linear Classification Federal Aid? Linear Mileage DVMT Mileage
Interstate Yes 40.6 1,506,757 37,112
Other Freeway/ Yes 0 0 0 Expressway
Other Principal Arterial Yes 42.9 430,976 10,046
Minor Arterial Yes 135.1 712,971 5,277
Major Collector Yes 201.3 657,067 3,264
Minor Collector Only "urban" 135.1 163,109 1,207
Local No 1,150.1 525,868 457
Total – 1,705.2 3,996,749 2,344 ** Federal aid is available for Urban Minor Collector roadways but not Rural Minor Collector roadways Source: PennDOT, Pennsylvania Highway Statistics, 2016
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Figure 8: Franklin County Linear Roadway Miles and DVMT by Functional Classification
Source: PennDOT, Pennsylvania Highway Statistics, 2016
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Figure 9: Federal Functional Classifications of Franklin County Roadways
Source: PennDOT, PASDA, 2017
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In 2017, Franklin County updated its functional classification system to reflect land use changes and current traffic volumes. The changes included a net increase of 27.6 miles to the Federal-Aid Highway System, 0.8 miles of upgrades to the existing Federal-Aid Highway System, and 19.7 miles of upgrades to non-Federal-Aid Highway System roadways. The specific additions to the Federal-Aid Highway System resulting from these changes are summarized in Table 8. These changes are not reflected in Table 7.
Table 8: Approved Changes to Federal-Aid Highway System in Franklin County (2017)
Added Roadway Municipality Change From Change to Mileage
SR 4006 Fannett Local Minor Arterial 8.38
Hamilton/St. SR 3012 Local Major Collector 4.52 Thomas
SR 0997 Lurgan Minor Collector Minor Arterial 4.19
Kriner Rd Guilford Local Major Collector 1.60
Coffey Ave Greene Local Major Collector 1.35
SR 0696 Greene Local Major Collector 1.32
Grindstone Hill Rd Antrim Local Major Collector 0.90
Norland Ave Chambersburg Local Major Collector 0.88
Washington Twp. Blvd Washington Local Major Collector 0.86
SR 2007 Washington Minor Collector Major Collector 0.80
Orchard Dr Chambersburg Local Major Collector 0.80
SR 2015 Quincy Minor Collector Major Collector 0.70
Antrim Commons Dr Antrim Local Major Collector 0.57
WCN Drive Guilford Local Major Collector 0.51
SR 0641 Lurgan Minor Collector Minor Arterial 0.14
Guilford Springs Rd Guilford Local Major Collector 0.12
SR 2028 Greene Major Collector Local -0.04
Total Mileage Added to Federal-Aid Roadway Network in County 27.60 Source: PennDOT, Franklin County, 2017
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Traffic Volumes Traffic volumes in Franklin County are heaviest on Interstate and arterial roadways. I-81 carries the Interstate 81 is the highest traffic volumes in the county, followed by I- most heavily traveled 76, US 30, and PA 16. Non-Interstate volumes are roadway in the county, concentrated around major commercial centers near followed by Chambersburg, Waynesboro, and Greencastle. Table I-76, US 30, and PA 16. 9 details the 20 segments with the highest Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT) in the county. Figure 10 displays AADT data for all roadways in the county on which traffic counts are conducted. Figure 11 depicts the varying traffic volumes along segments of I-81 in Franklin County. While I-81 and I-76 comprise the bulk of Table 9, they are not necessarily the worst-performing facilities, as roadways have variable capacities based on numerous factors. Limited-access roadways such as I-76 and I-81 are capable of handling much greater traffic volumes than two-lane highways, which contain many features that reduce throughput—frequent driveways, signalized intersections, slow-moving vehicles, lower speed limits, and significant grade changes. According to the Highway Capacity Manual,3 the theoretical maximum saturation flow rate per lane of limited-access highway is 1,900 vehicles per hour per lane. More detailed studies of I-81, US 30, PA 16, etc., will be needed to determine the current and future traffic volumes. However, it can be reasonably anticipated that many roadways in the county are experiencing peak hour congestion and that conditions will continue to worsen due to increased traffic.
3 Highway Capacity Manual, Sixth Edition: A Guide for Multimodal Mobility Analysis. Transportation Research Board, 2016.
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Table 9: Franklin County Average Annual Daily Traffic, Top 20 Segments
Count Roadway Segment Municipality Year AADT
I-81 Between Exit 16 & Exit 17 Guilford 2016 53,222
I-81 Between Exit 17 & Exit 20 Guilford & Greene 2016 49,892
I-81 Between Exit 1 & Exit 3 Antrim 2017 48,629
I-81 Between Exit 14 & Exit 16 Guilford 2017 47,464
I-81 Between Exit 5 & Exit 10 Antrim & Guilford 2016 47,394
I-81 Between Exit 20 & Exit 24 Greene & Southampton 2017 46,089
I-81 Between Exit 10 & Exit 14 Guilford 2017 43,080
I-81 Between Exit 3 & Exit 5 Antrim 2017 42,184
Between Exit 24 & Cumberland County I-81 Southampton 2015 41,343 Line
I-76 Between Int. 189 and Int. 201 Metal, Fannett & Lurgan 2016 23,719
Between Huntingdon County Line & I-76 Metal 2016 23,508 Int. 189
Between Int. 201 & Cumberland County I-76 Lurgan 2016 23,328 Line
US 30 Between I-81 & Ragged Edge Rd Guilford 2017 20,088
US 30 Between Ragged Edge Rd & W Main St Guilford 2017 19,794
Waynesboro & PA 16 Between Clayton Ave & Old Forge Rd 2017 19,435 Washington
Chambersburg & US 30 Between 6th St & I-81 2017 17,600 Guilford
Between Warm Spring Rd & US 30 Hamilton 2017 17,235 Sollenberger Rd
Norland Between Walker Rd & 5th Ave Chambersburg 2017 16,495 Ave
PA 16 Between Old Forge Rd & Old Rt 16 Washington 2016 15,909
US 30 Between W Main St & Mont Alto Rd Guilford & Greene 2017 15,665 Source: PennDOT, PASDA
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Figure 10: Traffic Volume Map
Source: PennDOT, PASDA, 2017
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Figure 11: Volume Fluctuations along I-81 in Franklin County
Source: PennDOT, PASDA, 2017
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Travel Trends While AADT data provides a snapshot of traffic Between 2012 and volumes at specific locations along roadways, the 2016, daily vehicle daily vehicle miles traveled (DVMT) metric multiplies the AADT by the roadway segment length, allowing miles traveled volumes to be summed and analyzed based on increased about 1.4%. roadway jurisdiction, geographic location, and other attributes. Analyzing DVMT allows jurisdictions to prioritize the most heavily used roadways for the greatest return on repair investments. DVMT data also play a role in determining the functional classification of roadways, federal funding allocation for roadway repairs, and the material composition required for pavement longevity.
Data from the PennDOT Highway Statistics Reports (2012 to 2016) show DVMT by functional classification and total DVMT for each year. DVMT by functional classification for the most recently available five-year period is shown in Table 10. Between 2012 and 2016, the overall DVMT in Franklin County increased about 1.4 percent, with the largest increase taking place on major collectors, followed by minor arterials and Interstates. Local roadways, minor collectors, and other principal arterials each experienced a reduction in DVMT between 2012 and 2016.
Table 10: Franklin County DVMT by Functional Classification
Non-Federal-Aid Federal-Aid DVMT DVMT
Other Other Total Record Frwy/ Principal Minor Major Minor Linear Year Interstate Expwy Arterial Arterial Collector Collector Local DVMT
2012 1,469,603 0 436,202 690,124 584,146 214,043 546,579 3,940,696
2013 1,482,081 0 420,588 724,378 547,430 230,608 526,561 3,931,646
2014 1,491,167 0 424,142 725,858 545,867 220,691 537,053 3,944,778
2015 1,530,651 0 422,240 716,410 591,742 161,122 541,501 3,963,665
2016 1,506,757 0 430,976 712,971 657,067 163,109 525,868 3,996,749 Source: PennDOT, Pennsylvania Highway Statistics, 2012-2016
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Figure 12 identifies the change in DVMT as a percentage of the 2012 values. DVMT on PennDOT roadways remained generally consistent for the five-year period while local municipal DVMT has steadily increased (unlike state-owned municipal roads, which experienced a small reduction in DVMT). “Other agency roadways,” with only 14 miles of jurisdiction in Franklin County, netted a small increase in DVMT during the five-year period, with all growth observed between 2015 and 2016.
Figure 12: Change in DVMT by Jurisdiction
Source: PennDOT, Pennsylvania Highway Statistics, 2012, 2016
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As illustrated in Figure 13, Franklin County’s DVMT increased at a similar pace to statewide DVMT between 2012 and 2016. Both the county and the state experienced slightly decreased DVMT in 2013 and then steady growth for the following three years. Franklin County’s DVMT has grown at a slightly faster rate since 2015.
Figure 13: Change in DVMT for Franklin County and Pennsylvania
Source: PennDOT, Pennsylvania Highway Statistics, 2012-2016
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Information on the means of vehicular travel is provided in Figure 14. The graph illustrates how the use of various types of vehicles has changed compared to 2012. Most vehicular usage has remained relatively constant for the five-year period, with the exception of trucks and buses. Truck and bus travel in Pennsylvania has increased 14.5 percent since 2012. This increase is especially evident in Franklin County, where the growing warehousing sector in the region, in addition to increased mid- to long-range freight movements along the I-81 and I-76 corridors, has resulted in an influx of truck traffic.
Figure 14: Pennsylvania Means of Travel, 2012-2016
Pennsylvania 2012-2016 Means of Travel
120.0%
116.0%
112.0%
108.0%
104.0%
Percent of 2012 ValuePercent of 100.0%
96.0% 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Motorcycle Passenger Cars Trucks & Buses Other 2-Axle Single Unit Vehicles
Source: PennDOT, Pennsylvania Highway Statistics, 2012-2016
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Pavement Performance Pavement performance and management falls under the LRTP goal of preserving transportation Franklin County’s assets using sound management practices. With all pavement is in transportation assets in a limited funding environment, pavement repairs must be prioritized significantly better by return on investment. PennDOT evaluates condition than the pavement condition by using the International state’s pavement as a Roughness Index (IRI), a global standard for whole. measuring pavement smoothness. IRI measures pavement roughness by the number of inches per mile that a laser (mounted in a specialized vehicle) moves vertically as it is driven down the road. The lower the IRI number, the smoother the ride and the better the pavement condition. As of 2018, more than 60 percent of all National Highway System (NHS) mileage—which includes I-76 and I-81 in Franklin County—has an IRI rating of good or excellent. Figure 15 compares the IRI ratings for NHS roadways in Franklin County with statewide ratings. Pavements in Franklin County are in significantly better condition than pavements statewide, as a whole. Figure 16 maps the IRI ratings for roadways in Franklin County.
Figure 15: InternationalSource: Roughness PennDOT, RMSIndex Data, Ratings 2018 on NHS Highways
Source: PennDOT, RMS Data, 2018
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Figure 16: International Roughness Index Map
Source: PennDOT, RMS Data, 2018
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Congestion PennDOT purchased three years (2014-2016, inclusive) of travel data from TomTom in 2016 to analyze traffic conditions throughout the state. The dataset contains average travel speeds by road segment as well as peak period speeds. The York County Planning Commission completed a congestion report for Franklin County in 2017 using that data. The report focused specifically on travel data collected along the Federal-Aid network within the county.
The primary metric for determining the severity of roadway congestion is the Travel Time Ratio (TTR). The TTR is calculated by dividing the average free-flow speed (collected at nighttime for the same segment) by the lowest recorded speed during a peak period (the worst rush-hour traffic). For example, a TTR of 1.0 means that there is no congestion, and a TTR of 1.5 means that vehicles are traveling at about 65 percent of the free-flow speeds. The York County study established a TTR target threshold for Franklin County: a TTR greater than or equal to 1.5. The resulting analysis identifies the most seriously congested roadways in the county. Table 11 illustrates the various TTR thresholds.
Table 11: Travel Time Ratio Congestion Threshold, Franklin County
Level I Level II Delay Congestion Target Threshold Congestion Travel Time 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.7 Ratio
Free-Flow Speed Travel Speed 85% Travel Speed 70% Travel Speed 65% Travel Speed 60% (mph) (mph) (mph) (mph) (mph)
35 30 25 23 21
40 34 28 27 24
45 38 32 30 27
55 47 39 37 33
60 51 42 40 36
65 55 46 43 39 Source: York County Planning Commission
The heaviest congestion in Franklin County occurs during the weekday evening peak period (4 p.m.–6 p.m.). Significant congestion also occurs during weekends, while less frequent congestion is evident during the weekday morning peak period (6 a.m.–9 a.m.). Figure 17 illustrates all segments that reach the TTR threshold of 1.5 during either the morning or evening weekday
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peak period. Figure 18 illustrates all segments that reach the threshold at any point during the weekend. The most congested corridors in Franklin County tend to be in Chambersburg, Waynesboro, Greencastle, Mercersburg and the surrounding townships where commercial land uses are concentrated. Weekday congestion is more pronounced, especially at major interchanges and along key corridors, while weekend congestion is focused primarily on commercial corridors. Table 12, Table 13, and Table 14 list the 10 most-congested roadway segments during each peak period—morning, evening, and weekend, respectively. Some of the segments in these tables exhibit free-flow speeds below the posted speed limit. These segments are typically located at signalized intersections, which significantly reduce the observed free-flow speeds due to time spent at red lights. During peak periods, the speeds drop further.
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Figure 17: Congested Corridors, TTR >=1.5, Weekday Peak (6 a.m.–9 a.m. & 4 p.m. –6 p.m.)
Source: PennDOT, TomTom, York County Planning Commission, 2017
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Figure 18: Congested Corridors, TTR >=1.5, Weekend Peak
Source: PennDOT, TomTom, York County Planning Commission, 2017
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Table 12: Top 10 Congested Roadway Segments, AM Weekday Peak, Franklin County
Free AM Speed Flow Peak Travel Limit Speed Speed Time Rank Roadway Location Municipality Direction (mph) (mph) (mph) Ratio
At Olde Pineville 1 Scotland Rd Rd/ Southampton NB 55 46.0 23.8 1.93 (PA 696) Seibert Ave
At Fort 2 Edenville Rd McCord Hamilton EB 45 49.7 26.2 1.90 Rd
Between Roadside PA 16 & 3 Waynesboro WB 25 16.2 10.2 1.59 Ave Highland Ave
Between W Main St N Grant St 4 (PA 316) Waynesboro SB 25 15.5 9.8 1.59 (PA 316) & Strine Ave
Williamsport 5 US 11 NB Greencastle NB 40 18.6 11.7 1.59 Pike (PA 163)
Sollenberger 6 At US 30 Hamilton SB 40 13.7 8.6 1.59 Rd
Between W Main St S Potomac 7 (PA 316) Waynesboro NB 25 13.0 8.3 1.58 St (PA 316) & W Gay St
Sunset Pike 8 At US 11 Greene SB 45 20.5 13.2 1.56 (PA 433)
At 9 Norland Ave Scotland Chambersburg NB 25 18.0 11.8 1.53 Ave
Between Old Forge E Main St 10 Rd & Washington WB 40 26.7 17.5 1.52 (PA 16) Midvale Rd Source: PennDOT, TomTom, York County Planning Commission, 2017
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Table 13: Top 10 Congested Roadway Segments, PM Weekday Peak, Franklin County
Free PM Speed Flow Peak Travel Limit Speed Speed Time Rank Roadway Location Municipality Direction (MPH) (MPH) (MPH) Ratio
Between 1 US 30 Eastland Dr & Hamilton WB 35 21.1 7.0 3.01 US 30
N Main St At PA 416 2 Mercersburg NB 25 22.4 7.5 3.00 (PA 16) Split
Between Cleveland W Main St 3 Ave & S Waynesboro WB 25 21.7 9.9 2.19 (PA 16) Grant St (PA 316)
Between US Sollenberger 4 30 & Sunset Hamilton SB 40 25.5 11.6 2.19 Rd Ave
Between Hamilton 5 US 30 Chambersburg WB 35 32.3 14.8 2.18 Twp Line & Monticello
At Eastland US 30 Dr (Queue Chambersburg 6 (W Loudon WB 35 27.3 13.2 2.07 from & Hamilton St) segment #1)
7 US 11 At PA 16 Greencastle NB 40 19.3 9.7 1.99
Between W Main St Cleveland 8 Waynesboro WB 25 19.9 10.0 1.99 (PA 16) Ave & Potomac St
9 Norland Ave At 5th Ave Chambersburg SB 25 26.7 13.4 1.99
At 5th Ave 10 Norland Ave (queue from Chambersburg SB 25 31.1 15.8 1.96 segment #9) Source: PennDOT, TomTom, York County Planning Commission, 2017
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Table 14: Top 10 Congested Roadway Segments, Weekend Peak, Franklin County
Free Weekend Speed Flow Peak Travel Limit Speed Speed Time Rank Roadway Location Municipality Direction (MPH) (MPH) (MPH) Ratio
Between Walker Rd/Stouffer 1 US 30 Chambersburg EB 45 24.8 12.0 2.07 Ave & Brumbaugh Ave
Between N W Main Church St 2 St (PA (PA 997) & Waynesboro EB 25 21.7 11.1 1.96 16) N Mulberry St
Spring At Path 3 Run Rd Valley Rd Fannett WB 45 14.3 7.4 1.93 (PA 641) (PA 75)
Fort Loudon 4 At Keefer Dr Mercersburg SB 40 41.0 21.6 1.90 Rd (PA 416)
Norland 5 At 5th Ave Chambersburg NB 25 29.2 15.4 1.90 Ave
6 PA 16 At Welty Rd Washington WB 35 33.5 19.1 1.76
At Hamilton & 7 US 30 Sollenberger WB 45 29.2 17.1 1.71 Chambersburg Rd
Between W Main Cleveland 8 St (PA Waynesboro WB 25 19.9 11.7 1.70 Ave & 16) Potomac St
9 US 11 At PA 16 Greencastle NB 40 19.3 11.4 1.68
at Midvale 10 PA 16 Washington WB 40 25.5 15.3 1.66 Rd Source: PennDOT, TomTom, York County Planning Commission, 2017
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Bridges The PennDOT Bridge Management System (BMS) includes state bridges at least 8 feet long and local bridges at least 20 feet long. Federal legislation (Surface Transportation Assistance Act of 1978) requires that all bridges 20 feet or longer must be inspected every two years. As of February 2018, data from the BMS indicated that Franklin County has a total of 467 bridges, including 323 state bridges greater than or equal to 8 feet in length; 114 local bridges equal to or greater than 20 feet in length, 17 Turnpike bridges equal to or greater than 8 feet in length; and 13 railroad bridges.
PennDOT calculates a sufficiency rating to quantify the physical condition of BMS bridges and help prioritize repairs. Several components are inspected, including the bridge deck, superstructure, and substructure. Structurally deficient bridges may be closed or posted with weight or speed restrictions to allow the bridge to remain open in a limited condition until it is repaired.
A bridge considered “functionally obsolete” may be in good condition but was built to design standards that no longer apply. It may not have sufficient vertical clearance, adequate lane or shoulder widths, or may be susceptible to flooding. Table 15 provides the number and percentage of structurally deficient and functionally obsolete bridges in PennDOT’s BMS system for Franklin County, by roadway functional class. Table 16 provides bridge condition by bridge deck area by owner. Bridge conditions measured as a percentage of deck area provide a more accurate representation of the extent of disrepair of the system.
Table 15: Franklin County Bridges, PennDOT BMS System, by Functional Class
Structurally Functionally Posted Roadway Total Deficient (SD) Obsolete (FO) Weight Functional Class Bridges Count % SD Count % FO Limit
Interstate 45 0 0.0% 12 26.7% 0
Other Principal Arterial 22 7 31.8% 1 4.5% 0
Minor Arterial 69 8 11.6% 8 11.6% 0
Major Collector 81 8 9.9% 9 11.1% 0
Minor Collector 55 1 1.8% 13 23.6% 2
State Owned Local 181 24 13.3% 21 11.6% 9
Rail Bridge or Other 14 0 0.0% 8 57.1% 0
Total 467 48 10.3% 72 15.4% 11 Source: PennDOT, BMS Data, 2018
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Table 16: Franklin County Bridges, PennDOT BMS, Condition by Deck Area
Structurally Functionally Structurally Functionally Total Deck Bridge Total Deficient Obsolete Deficient Obsolete Area Owner Bridges (SD) (FO) (SD) Deck (FO) Deck (Sq.Ft.) Bridges Bridges Area % Area % PennDOT 323 31 (9.5%) 41 (12.7%) 714,480.90 7.0% 13.4% PA Turnpike 17 0 10 (58.8%) 65,675.30 0.0% 49.1% Local or 127 17 (13.4%) 21 (16.5%) 188,359.60 14.1% 13.9% Other Total 467 48 72 968,515.80 7.9% 16.0% Source: PennDOT, BMS Data, 2018
According to BMS data, 48 bridges are structurally deficient while 72 are functionally obsolete. The greatest share of structurally deficient and functionally obsolete bridges—as well as the percentage of bridges with posted weight limits—is on state-owned local roadways. The overall The overall condition condition of PennDOT-owned bridges is slightly of PennDOT-owned better than the condition of local bridges. Nearly bridges is slightly half of all Pennsylvania Turnpike bridges by deck better than the area in Franklin County are functionally obsolete. Structurally deficient and functionally obsolete condition of bridges tracked in the BMS are mapped on Figure local bridges. 19. Table 17 and Table 18 list the 10 lowest- performing bridges in Franklin County based on sufficiency ratings. Table 17 ranks the worst five PennDOT-owned bridges while Table 18 lists the worst five locally-owned bridges. Three of these 10 bridges are slated for replacement or rehabilitation as per the 2019 Transportation Improvement Program. Figure 20 on page 47 maps these low-performing bridges. (Both FHWA and PennDOT are in the process of changing how bridge conditions are reported. The purpose of the change is to simplify and clarify terminology of bridge conditions. Future LRTPs and bridge condition reporting will use this updated reporting system. The new reporting will not affect how bridge conditions are interpreted and understood. Therefore, the current reporting system remainds appropriate and valid.)
While the PennDOT BMS inventories all locally owned bridges 20 feet or longer, it does not include the 109 additional municipal/county owned bridges between 8 and 20 feet long, as there is no federal requirement to inspect these bridges. PennDOT and the MPO have been proactive about locating and mapping these bridges. However, there is no requirement to
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inspect these bridges and it is left to the owner of the bridge to perform inspections and maintainance. These bridges are shown in Figure 21 on page 48 and summarized by municipality in Table 19 on page 49.
Table 17: Franklin County Bridge Sufficiency Ratings, Lowest-Rated PennDOT Bridges
Included Number in 2019- Bridge Feature Length of Year Sufficiency 2022 Rank Key Location Intersected Municipality (ft) Spans Built Rating TIP?
Social Conococheague Hamilton & 1 17554 Island 76 2 1860 16.8 Yes Creek Guilford Rd
Corner 2 17546 Licking Creek Montgomery 75 1 1961 29.6 No Rd
Washington W Main W Branch Little 3 17305 & 76 2 1926 40.1 No St Antietam Creek Waynesboro
4 17320 US 30 Back Creek St. Thomas 8 1 1938 43 Yes
5 17322 US 30 Back Creek Hamilton 8 1 1937 43 Yes Source: PennDOT, BMS Data, 2018
Table 18: Franklin County Bridge Sufficiency Ratings, Lowest-Rated Local Bridges
Included Number in 2019- Bridge Feature Length of Year Sufficiency 2022 Rank Key Location Intersected Municipality (ft) Spans Built Rating TIP?
Burnt Conodoguinet Lurgan & 1 17679 109 1 1885 16.2 No Mill Rd Creek Southampton
Anderson 2 17693 Licking Creek Montgomery 74 1 1883 24.6 No Rd
Hickory Conodoguinet Lurgan & 3 17678 57 1 1963 28.9 No Run Rd Creek Southampton
Keefer 4 45405 Trout Run Letterkenny 20 1 1930 30.2 No Rd
W Branch Anderson 5 17694 Conococheague Montgomery 83 2 1820 37.9 No Rd Creek
Source: PennDOT, BMS Data, 2018
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Figure 19: Structurally Deficient & Functionally Obsolete Bridges, by Jurisdiction
Source: PennDOT, BMS Data, 2018
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Figure 20: Bridge Sufficiency Ratings, Lowest Rated Bridges, by Jurisdiction
Source: PennDOT, BMS Data, 2018
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Figure 21: Locally Owned Bridges, 8-20 Feet in Length, Not in PennDOT BMS
Source: PennDOT, 2018
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Table 19: Number of Locally Owned Bridges 8-20 feet in length, by Municipality
Municipality Number of Bridges Owned
Antrim 20
Washington 11
Peters 10
Guilford 10
Greene 8
Montgomery 8
Quincy 7
Lurgan 7
Hamilton 6
Letterkenny 6
Fannett 4
Warren 3
Chambersburg 3
St Thomas 2
Waynesboro 2
Metal 1
Southampton 1
Source: PennDOT, 2018
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Transportation System Overview
Transit Franklin County has been served by York-based transportation provider rabbittransit since 2016. The carrier was appointed as the official shared-ride coordinator by the Franklin County Commissioners in 2016. Although rabbittransit operates 15 fixed routes, none of the routes enter Franklin County. Instead, the service provider operates a paratransit service covering the entire county. The service comprises flexible routes that are adapted to ridership demand. The primary users of rabbittransit in Franklin County are senior citizens. To increase ridership, rabbittransit is actively marketing its services to a more diverse mix of demographic groups, including students and commuters. Rabbittransit provided operations data to Franklin County for a seven-month period between April and October 2017. The data indicated that the average trip during that period was 10.8 miles long. The most popular pick-up time was 8 a.m., followed by 1 p.m. and 8:30 a.m., as illustrated in Figure 22.
Figure 22: rabbittransit Pick-Ups by Time of Day, Franklin County
Source: Franklin County, rabbittransit, 2017
Table 20 and Table 21 provide pick-up and drop-off statistics by county and municipality. More than 90 percent of all trips originate or end in Chambersburg, Waynesboro, or Greencastle, and
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Transportation System Overview more than 97 percent of trips never leave Franklin County. Figure 23 displays the purpose of all trips on rabbittransit within Franklin County. More than 75 percent of all trips are taken to/from medical or senior citizen facilities.
Figure 24 charts trips by passenger age, illustrating that more than half of all trips are taken by passengers age 65 and older.
Table 20: rabbittransit Top 10 Pick-Up and Drop-Off Municipalities
Total % of Total Location Pick-ups Total Location Drop-offs % of Total
Chambersburg 15,800 69.7% Chambersburg 15,723 69.4%
Waynesboro 3,323 14.7% Waynesboro 3,288 14.5%
Greencastle 1,385 6.1% Greencastle 1,465 6.5%
Mercersburg 581 2.6% Mercersburg 679 3.0%
Fayetteville 579 2.6% Fayetteville 564 2.5%
Shippensburg 277 1.2% Shippensburg 257 1.1%
Saint Thomas 275 1.2% Saint Thomas 253 1.1%
Orrstown 178 0.8% Orrstown 163 0.7%
Camp Hill 142 0.6% Camp Hill 145 0.6%
McConnellsburg 130 0.6% McConnellsburg 134 0.6% Source: Franklin County, rabbittransit, 2017
Table 21: rabbittransit Pick-Up and Drop-Off Counties
Pick-Up County Ride Count % of Total Drop-Off County Ride Count % of Total
Franklin 22,889 97.3% Franklin 22,857 97.1%
Cumberland 346 1.5% Cumberland 375 1.6%
Fulton 130 0.6% Fulton 131 0.6%
Dauphin 91 0.4% Dauphin 94 0.4%
Adams 40 0.2% Adams 39 0.2%
York 21 0.1% York 22 0.1%
Perry 17 0.1% Perry 16 0.1%
Allegheny 1 0.0% Allegheny 1 0.0% Source: Franklin County, rabbittransit, 2017
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Transportation System Overview
Figure 23: rabbittransit Trips by Purpose, Franklin County
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000
Medical Senior Center Dialysis Adult Day Care Work Recreation Grocery 4% Visiting Other Recreation 4% Methadone Shopping Senior Center Group Trip 7% Pharmacy Fitness/Physical Therapy Work OSI 7% Other Social Service Shopping Medical Beauty Salon 56% Volunteer Other Senior Bank 22% Library VCT Church Life Skills Same Day Medical Meals Delivery Laundry STAP Post Office Transfer
Source: Franklin County, rabbittransit, 2017
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Transportation System Overview
Figure 24: rabbittransit Percentage of Passengers by Age, Franklin County
Source: Franklin County, rabbittransit, 2017
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Transportation System Overview
Commuting & Employment Modes of Transportation Franklin County is The vast majority of Franklin County’s workforce significantly more reliant commutes to work by private automobile. on the automobile than Between 2012 and 2016, the share of workers most neighboring commuting by single-occupant private automobile has increased by 1.2 percent, with a counties, as well as the noteworthy decrease in carpooling and walking state overall. trips. While bicycling to work increased slightly during that time, it represents a very small overall mode-share compared to automobile trips. All other means of transportation to work have decreased in the five-year period, with carpooling showing the most substantial decline, as illustrated in Table 22.
Table 22: Mode-Share in Franklin County, Workers Age 16 and Older, 2012-2016
% of Total Change
2012- 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2012 2016 2016 Total 68,784 68,454 69,308 70,142 70,389 - - -
Drove Alone 56,620 56,790 57,346 57,958 58,798 82.3% 83.5% 1.22%
Carpooled 6,938 6,627 6,961 7,261 6,607 10.1% 9.4% -0.70%
Public Transit 203 168 153 199 199 0.3% 0.3% -0.01%
Walked 1,840 1,754 1,671 1,694 1,610 2.7% 2.3% -0.39%
Cycled 114 104 171 166 141 0.2% 0.2% 0.03%
Other Means 309 318 332 368 345 0.4% 0.5% 0.04%
Worked at Home 2,587 2,554 2,540 2,378 2,593 3.8% 3.7% -0.08% Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2012-2016
Regionally, Franklin County is relatively similar to neighboring counties, as shown in Table 23. The green-shaded cells indicate higher rates of a particular mode-share in a neighboring county than in Franklin County, while red-shaded cells indicate lower rates. Table 23 shows that the counties with the highest degree of urbanization experience a higher share of transit trips or residents who walk or bike to work. Franklin County is significantly more reliant on the automobile than the state overall, even when accounting for the two most urbanized counties— Philadelphia and Allegheny.
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Transportation System Overview
Table 23: Mode-Share in Central Pennsylvania, 2016
Workers Drive Worked County 16+ Alone Carpool Transit Bicycle Walk From Home Franklin 70,389 83.5% 9.4% 0.3% 0.2% 2.3% 3.7%
Adams 49,601 83.0% 8.4% 0.4% 0.3% 3.7% 3.7%
Berks 194,981 80.2% 9.7% 1.6% 0.2% 3.3% 3.7%
Cumberland 120,856 82.1% 8.2% 0.6% 0.6% 3.9% 4.0%
Dauphin 131,751 79.9% 9.4% 2.5% 0.3% 3.3% 3.6%
Fulton 6,606 78.2% 14.7% 0.2% 0.0% 2.8% 3.6%
Huntingdon 18,126 78.3% 10.7% 0.1% 0.0% 6.0% 3.7%
Juniata 11,059 77.4% 13.5% 0.2% 0.2% 2.9% 5.0%
Lancaster 257,798 79.1% 9.1% 1.2% 0.7% 3.7% 5.0%
Lebanon 64,417 80.6% 9.3% 0.7% 0.4% 4.5% 3.9%
Perry 22,733 79.0% 12.7% 0.4% 0.1% 2.1% 4.9%
York 214,133 84.8% 8.1% 0.8% 0.2% 1.9% 3.2% Regional - 80.5% 10.3% 0.7% 0.3% 3.4% 4.0% Average Green = Higher value than in Franklin County Red = Lower value than in Franklin County Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2012-2016
Commuter Flows Commuter flows were analyzed for Franklin County for the data year of 2015 using Longitudinal Employment-Household Dynamics data from the U.S. Census Bureau. The majority (61 percent) of Franklin County’s workforce also resides within the county. The remaining workforce primarily resides in the surrounding counties. The counties with the highest number of residents commuting to Franklin County are Cumberland County (6.7 percent); Washington County, Maryland (4.6 percent); and Adams County (3.0 percent). Conversely, 49.8 percent of Franklin County residents work outside the county. These workers are primarily employed in Washington County, Maryland (12.5 percent); Cumberland County (7.3 percent) and Adams County (2.5 percent). Commuter flows are illustrated in Figure 25.
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Transportation System Overview
Figure 25: Franklin County Regional Commuter Flow Patterns, 2015
Source: LEHD, 2017
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Transportation System Overview
Employment Several nationally recognized retailers maintain large distribution or fulfillment facilities within Franklin County, indicating the important role the county plays in the greater East Coast logistics network. In addition, the county contains major employment sectors in healthcare, the military, and education. The majority of the top 10 employers in the county, shown in Table 24 and Figure 26, are in close proximity to I-81, the major freight corridor within the county.
Table 24: Top 10 Employers in Franklin County, 2017
Number of Employer Employees
Summit Health 3,360
Letterkenny Army Depot 3,150
Chambersburg Area School District 1,120
Manitowoc Crane Group/Grove Crane 950
Volvo Construction Equipment 850
Procter & Gamble Northeast Mixing Center 750
Franklin County Government 670
Target Distribution Center 590
Food Lion, Inc. 520
World Kitchen, LLC 510 Source: Franklin County, FCADC, 2017
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Transportation System Overview
Figure 26: Top 10 Employers in Franklin County, 2017
Source: Franklin County, FCADC, 2017
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Transportation System Overview
Rail & Freight One of Franklin County’s greatest assets is its One of Franklin geographic proximity to numerous major freight County’s greatest nodes with regional, national, and international assets is its proximity significance. Chambersburg is within a day’s drive of two global ports—Newark/Elizabeth and Baltimore— to numerous major and is also linked to those ports by rail. The county is freight nodes. bisected by I-81—the primary north-south freight corridor within the northeast—and is served directly by major intermodal terminals operated by Norfolk Southern and CSX. Given the availability of direct rail and highway access, it is unsurprising that Franklin County has blossomed into a hub for logistics and warehousing activity.
Emerging trends in the goods movement industry have exacerbated the need for major distribution hubs like those found in Franklin County. The growth in consumer home delivery has manifested from a need to meet the timely delivery expectations of consumers shopping from home. This trend underlies fierce competition between electronic and store-front retailers, and has given rise to “omni-channel” retail, which refers to the attempt to merge in-store with online shopping. This supply chain is depicted in Figure 27. Goods produced in manufacturing facilities domestically or overseas are transported to distribution centers owned by a wholesaler, who distributes to retailers, or to a retailer’s distribution center. The wholesaler distribution center sends shipments to retail distribution centers, or directly to retail stores or consumers. The retailer’s distribution centers or fulfillment centers send shipments to retail stores or fulfill e- commerce orders shipped directly to consumers. For Franklin County, this is critical, as much of its industrial development fills the role in the center of Figure 27, providing goods (and facilitating returns) regionally—not only to retail establishments and institutions, but directly to consumers as well.
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Transportation System Overview
Figure 27: Freight Supply Chain
Source: New Jersey Statewide Freight Plan, 2017
Concurrently, the number of distribution centers utilized by US supply chains has increased substantially in the past four years, while the average size of those facilities decreased (see Figure 28), largely because warehouse automation has made it possible to reduce the physical footprint of distribution centers by two-thirds with no sacrifice in throughput.4 This implies that automated facilities can have three times the freight generation per square foot of traditional distribution centers.
Figure 28: Proliferation of Distribution Centers
Source: Tompkins International
Source: Tompkins International
4 Direct experience of a major retailer, reported in “Logistics and Supply Chain Asset Study,” Michigan Economic Development Corporation, March 2015
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Transportation System Overview
Rail Network and Crossings Franklin County’s rail assets are illustrated in Figure 29. Norfolk Southern (NS) and CSX are Class I railroads and each provides substantial links to service throughout the United States. NS owns and operates on the Lurgan Branch, a link between Harrisburg and Hagerstown, Maryland. This connection was upgraded in 2013 as part of the construction of the NS Franklin County Regional Intermodal Facility in Greencastle. This facility currently provides scheduled daily service to three destinations: Birmingham, Alabama; Rossville (Memphis), Tennessee; and Wylie (Dallas), Texas. CSX owns and operates on the Lurgan Subdivision, linking Chambersburg with Hagerstown, Maryland. This provides service nationally to points west and south as well as terminals in Mexico. CSX also owns and operates the Hanover Subdivision, which traverses a small segment (approximately 2.25 miles) of southeastern Franklin County.
Two shortline railroads currently operate within Franklin County. The Franklin County General Authority (FCGA) owns approximately 26 miles of rail predominantly in the vicinity of the Letterkenny Army Depot. Currently, the Pennsylvania and Southern Railway operates service on the FCGA-owned track that connects Letterkenny with the CSX-owned Lurgan Running Track, which provides connections north to Lurgan where it links with a NS-owned siding that connects to the Lurgan Branch. The Maryland Midland Railway is a shortline that operates primarily between CSX interchanges in Emory Grove and Highfield, Maryland. While a short (approximately 0.3 miles) segment traverses the southeastern corner of Franklin County, it does not appear that service is provided to customers within the county.
At-grade rail crossings are present throughout the county, though they are more prevalent along CSX-owned assets than the NS-owned lines. As Figure 30 illustrates, approximately half of the at-grade crossings are owned by local municipalities, while the remainder are under state jurisdiction.
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Transportation System Overview
Figure 29: Franklin County Rail Network
Source: PennDOT, PASDA, 2017
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Figure 30: Franklin County Rail Crossings
Source: PennDOT, PASDA, 2017
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Transportation System Overview
Warehouse Development and Freight Traffic Generators Franklin County’s geographic location provides the county with an advantageous position for warehousing and distribution for numerous major companies, including Target, Food Lion, and Proctor & Gamble. The facilities are generally located proximate to I-81, connecting to the regional and national highway freight networks, as well as providing intermodal terminal linkages to Class I railroads. As illustrated in Figure 31, these uses are clustered in several strategic areas. These facilities also represent many of the largest employers in the county, including seven of the top 10 employers, as shown in Table 24.
The predominant cluster is located south of downtown Chambersburg, centered near Exit 14. This cluster includes several large-scale warehouses, including Target (1.35 million square feet), Ulta Beauty (373,000 square feet), Kmart (850,000 square feet), Pearl (375,000 square feet), and the Ingram Book Company (650,000 square feet). This area also includes the CSX Intermodal terminal, located on Kriner Road, which opened in 2007 and provides a major hub for rail traffic between East Coast ports and major markets in the Midwest.
A smaller cluster of uses is present near Exit 3 in Greencastle. This cluster includes the NS Franklin County Regional Intermodal Facility, which provides a hub for north-south rail cargo. This area also includes distribution centers for Food Lion (1.3 million square feet) and World Kitchen (1 million square feet). Finally, Proctor & Gamble maintains a 1.7-million-square-foot distribution center near Exit 24 in Shippensburg.
Additional traffic generators, illustrated in Figure 32, are evident throughout the county, including the Letterkenny Army Depot, which is linked to the regional highway network via Exit 20 on I-81. Two major solid waste landfills are located in the county—Mountain View Reclamation Landfill in Montgomery Township and Blue Ridge Landfill in Greene Township. These facilities generate a significant number of trips by waste trucks, on I-81 as well as roadways not heavily traveled by traditional freight carriers. Major agricultural facilities are also present throughout the county.
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Figure 31: Franklin County Warehouses and Freight Facilities
Source: PennDOT, PASDA, 2017
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Figure 32: Franklin County Traffic-Generating Land Uses
Source: PennDOT, PASDA, 2017
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Truck Volumes Truck traffic is present throughout Franklin County, Links between and 2017 traffic data, illustrated in Figure 33, warehousing centers indicates that truck traffic (as a percentage of total volume) is highest along key corridors within the and I-81 are vital to county. Interstates 76 and 81 show the most leveraging the substantial truck percentages, which reflects the county’s geographical importance of Franklin County’s geographic location advantage. relative to major highways. High truck percentages are also present on two key connectors to/from I- 81—US Route 11 (Exit 3) in Greencastle and Bowman Road/Kriner Road in Chambersburg, which links to Exit 14. Given the proliferation of distribution and warehousing centers near targeted interchanges on I-81, links between these facilities and the Interstate are critical to allow the county to continue to leverage its geographical advantage.
Beyond these routes where truck percentages would be expected to be highest, truck percentages throughout the rest of the county are generally dispersed along US and state routes.
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Transportation System Overview
Figure 33: Franklin County Truck Volumes
Source: PennDOT, PASDA, 2017
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Transportation System Overview
Non-Motorized Transportation Franklin County continues to explore opportunities to expand its built infrastructure to provide connectivity for bicycle, pedestrian, and buggy use. The county’s urban centers, particularly in Chambersburg, Greencastle, and Waynesboro, each boast a well-developed sidewalk and crosswalk network, providing pedestrian circulation between residential areas and major destinations. Figure 34 maps the county’s network of bicycle infrastructure, including State Bicycle Route “S” as well as several trails, including the Chambersburg Rail Trail. In 2017, Chambersburg produced its first Pedestrian and Bicycle Improvements Plan, indicating the borough’s desire to become a community that fully embraces walking and bicycling as modes that can not only improve health and mobility, but also have positive community impacts with respect to the environment and economy.
Figure 35 illustrates key points of interest that may be pedestrian and bicycle traffic generators. Generators include urban centers, schools, parks, public facilities, and community centers. Providing attractive connections between these locations and densely developed residential communities is essential for the county to improve Providing connections circulation for non-motorized modes. Within the between residential county’s three densest communities, many points of communities and interest are clustered within developed areas or destinations such as along corridors. Ensuring that these facilities are connected to residents is a critical aspect of schools, parks, and encouraging bicycle ridership and pedestrian trips. shopping is critical to
Franklin County’s 2013 LRTP provided a review of encouraging bicycle pedestrian and bicycle connectivity for public and and pedestrian travel. private schools located throughout the county. While schools located in dense urbanized areas still provide opportunities for walking or cycling, the location of many schools in suburban or rural areas limits non-motorized trips. Schools are mapped in Figure 36.
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Figure 34: Franklin County Non-Motorized Assets, 2017
Source: PennDOT, Franklin County, PASDA, 2017
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Figure 35: Franklin County Points of Interest, 2017
Source: PennDOT, Franklin County, PASDA, 2017
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Figure 36: Franklin County Schools, 2017
Source: PennDOT, Franklin County, PASDA, 2017
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Safety Crash Analysis A countywide crash analysis was performed using PennDOT crash data for the five-year period between 2012 and 2016. The analysis identified crash hotspots within the county and various statistics about the nature of crashes in Franklin County. The total number of reported crashes decreased between 2012 and 2014, but increased substantially in 2015 and 2016. (A “reportable” crash is one which resulted in an injury, fatality, or vehicle damage requiring towing.) The recent increase in crashes followed a trend showing a reduction of crashes during the two previous years. Between 2012 and 2016, the total number of reported crashes increased by 5.7 percent. A small percentage of this overall increase may be due to a slight increase in DVMT, as shown in Figure 37. DVMT generally followed the same trend as crashes during the analysis period, however the rate at which DVMT increased is Crashes are substantially lower than the crash rate. The concentrated around number of crashes involving fatalities spiked in signalized intersections 2014 and 2015, but has hovered around 20 for the years following. Table 25 summarizes all crashes in in Chambersburg, Franklin County, including pedestrian fatalities, Waynesboro, and alcohol-related fatalities, and seat belt use during Greencastle. crashes, and compares county statistics with statewide numbers.
Figure 38 on page 75 is a hot-spot crash map depicting the general location and density of reported crashes. Crashes are concentrated around signalized intersections in Chambersburg, Waynesboro, and Greencastle. Three segments see a significant concentration of crashes: PA 16 east of Waynesboro, I-81 near the Maryland border, and US 30 east of Chambersburg.
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Table 25: Franklin County Crash Statistics
Pedestrian Alcohol-Related Seat Belt Used Crashes Deaths Deaths Deaths in Crashes
Franklin Franklin Franklin Franklin Franklin Year County PA County PA County PA County PA County PA
2012 1,452 124,092 19 1,310 2 168 5 404 82% 78%
2013 1,370 124,149 20 1,208 2 151 2 381 83% 78%
2014 1,441 121,317 26 1,195 2 166 3 333 84% 79%
2015 1,504 127,127 25 1,200 0 153 2 345 83% 80%
2016 1,535 129,395 20 1,188 1 172 2 297 87% 80%
Average 1,460 125,216 22 1,220 1 162 3 352 84% 79% Source: PennDOT, 2017
Figure 37: DVMT Growth & Number of Crashes in Franklin County, 2012-2016
Source: PennDOT, Pennsylvania Highway Statistics, 2012-2016
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Transportation System Overview
Figure 38: Franklin County Crash Hotspots, 2012-2016
Source: PennDOT, 2017
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Transportation System Overview
Truck Crashes Between 2012 and 2016, 475 crashes involving heavy trucks were reported in Franklin County. The majority of heavy truck crashes occurred on I-81, I-76, and US 30. Additional localized hotspots occurred near Chambersburg, the intersection of US 30 and PA 997, and along PA 16 east of Waynesboro. Figure 39 on page 78 illustrates the location of heavy truck crash hotspots in Franklin County. Table 26 indicates the severity of the heavy truck crashes during the analysis period. The number of fatalities and injuries resulting from heavy truck crashes remained relatively stable between 2012 and 2016.
Table 26: Franklin County Heavy Truck Crash Statistics, 2012-2016
Number of Crashes Year Involving Heavy Trucks Total Fatalities Total Injuries
2012 100 3 46
2013 100 6 57
2014 80 1 48
2015 92 6 52
2016 103 4 52 Source: PennDOT, PASDA, 2017
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Transportation System Overview
Crashes at Railroad Crossings A review of crash incidence at each at-grade crossing within Franklin County indicates that for the five-year analysis period (2012-2016), at least one crash has occurred at 11 at-grade crossings. A summary of crash incidence at these locations is provided in Table 27. The location of all at-grade railroad crossing crashes is illustrated in Figure 40 on page 79.
Table 27: Franklin County Crashes at Railroad Crossings, 2012-2016
Total Roadway Rail Line (Operator) Municipality Jurisdiction Crashes
Orchard Drive Lurgan Subdivision (CSX) Chambersburg State 4
Fetterhoff Chapel Road Lurgan Subdivision (CSX) Quincy State 2
Wayne Highway (PA 316) Lurgan Subdivision (CSX) Quincy State 2
Buchanan Trail (PA 316) Hanover Subdivision (CSX) Washington State 2
Charmian Road Hanover Subdivision (CSX) Washington Local 2
Church Road Lurgan Subdivision (CSX) Guilford Local 1
Lighthouse Road Lurgan Branch (NS) Guilford Local 1
3rd Street Lurgan Branch (NS) Guilford Local 1
Mason Road Lurgan Branch (NS) Greencastle Local 1
Source: PennDOT, PASDA, 2017
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Transportation System Overview
Figure 39: Franklin County Heavy Truck Crash Hotspots, 2012-2016
Source: PennDOT, 2017
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Transportation System Overview
Figure 40: Franklin County At-Grade Railroad Crossing Crashes, 2012-2016
Source: PennDOT, PASDA, 2017
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Transportation System Overview
Bicycle and Pedestrian Crashes Between 2012 and 2016, 51 bicycle crashes and 127 pedestrian crashes were reported in Franklin County. Of these, 23 bicycle crashes and 46 pedestrian crashes occurred at intersections while the remaining crashes occurred at mid-block locations. No bicyclist fatalities or major injuries were reported between 2012 and 2015, while in 2016 there were one and two, respectively. Pedestrian fatalities and major injuries haven’t followed a clear pattern. Instances of each have spiked and dropped multiple times. Bicycle and pedestrian crash statistics are provided in Table 28 and Table 29. Bicycle and pedestrian crash hotspots are mapped in Figure 41. The vast majority of bicycle and pedestrian crashes occurred in Chambersburg, Waynesboro, and Greencastle, near the central business districts of each municipality. With more conflict points and a greater presence of bicycle and pedestrian acticity, these municipalities are expected to be the most crash-prone locations in Franklin County for these subgroups. One location, the intersection of US 30 (East Queen Street) and US 11, was the site of three bicycle crashes during the the five-year analysis period.
Table 28: Franklin County Bicycle Crashes, 2012-2016
Year Bicycle Crashes Bicycle Fatalities Major Bicyclist Injuries
2012 12 0 0
2013 9 0 0
2014 14 0 0
2015 6 0 0
2016 10 1 2 Source: PennDOT, 2017
Table 29: Franklin County Pedestrian Crashes, 2012-2016
Year Pedestrian Crashes Pedestrian Fatalities Major Pedestrian Injuries
2012 35 2 6
2013 21 2 5
2014 27 2 1
2015 29 0 8
2016 15 1 1 Source: PennDOT, 2017
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Transportation System Overview
Figure 41: Franklin County Bicycle & Pedestrian Crash Hotspots, 2012-2016
Source: PennDOT, PASDA, 2017
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Transportation System Overview
Aviation Franklin County Regional Airport The Franklin County Regional Airport (FCRA) is situated on 95 acres in Greene Township, approximately three miles northeast of the Borough of Chambersburg, as mapped in Figure 42. The airport is easily accessible by US 11 and I-81. Since 2004, the airport has been owned and operated by the Susquehanna Area Regional Airport Authority (SARAA), which also oversees operations at Harrisburg International Airport (MDT), Capital City Airport in Fairview Township, and Gettysburg Regional Airport. Franklin County Regional Airport is the only public-use airport in Franklin County and is primarily used by general aviation aircraft. Accordingly, it is classified as a “limited” functional-level airport by the Pennsylvania Statewide Airport System Plan of 2007. FCRA’s operations include recreational flying, agricultural spraying, corporate and business flying, aerial inspections, and various community events. The Chambersburg Skydiving Center uses the airport as its base of operations. There is no scheduled commercial service to FCRA. Significant expansion PennDOT’s Economic Impact of Aviation in is in the pipeline for Pennsylvania study, completed in 2011, states that the airport generates more than 30 jobs that Franklin County represent more than $500,000 in annual payroll Regional Airport. taxes and approximately $1.8 million in economic activity within the state.
FCRA hosts approximately 12,000 operations (landings and take-offs) each year. Of these, 9,000 operations are performed by pilots residing no more than 20 miles from the airport, while 3,000 operations are performed by pilots residing farther from the airport. The airport’s single asphalt runway (6/24), is 3,300 feet long and 75 feet wide and is laid out in a northeast-southwest direction. A single-lane 30-foot-wide taxiway provides access from the runway to the aircraft parking ramp and hanger areas. Parking facilities at the airport consist of 14 paved aircraft tie- down spaces and approximately 12,000 square feet of storage space in two hangars. The airport also has 21 automobile parking spaces and a single-story administration building. According to the most recent FAA records, 15 aircraft are officially based at FCRA, including 14 single-engine and one multi-engine aircraft.
Significant expansion is in the pipeline for FCRA. The Capital Improvement Plan for the years of 2018–2022 indicates plans for a new full-length parallel taxiway to be constructed by 2019. In addition, a new hangar is slated to be designed and constructed between 2020 and 2021.
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Figure 42: Franklin County Aviation Facilities
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Other Regional Airports Important to Franklin County
Hagerstown Regional Airport Located just south of the state line in Washington County, Maryland, Hagerstown Regional Airport is the closest airport to the county offering scheduled passenger services as well as private aviation services. Access to the airport is from I-81 and US 11. The airport offers scheduled flight service to Pittsburgh, Baltimore/Washington International, and seasonal service to Orlando and St. Petersburg, Florida.
Harrisburg International Airport Harrisburg International Airport, owned and operated by SARAA, provides scheduled commercial flights to many destinations in the United States as well as Toronto, Canada. It is the primary regional commercial airport serving central Pennsylvania, including Franklin County.
Baltimore/Washington International Airport & Dulles International Airport Although distant from Franklin County, these two large airports located in suburban Baltimore and Northern Virginia offer extensive flights to US and worldwide locations. These airports are heavily used by residents of Central Pennsylvania.
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Environmental, Historical, & Cultural Constraints
Environmental, Historical, & Cultural Constraints
It is important for any planned transportation project to be considered in light of its impact on environmental, historical, and cultural resources. Projects should be designed to avoid or minimize impacts to important resources. Therefore, it is critical that constraining resources be identified as early in the planning process as possible. Resources may include prime agricultural land, wetlands, floodplains, geologic hazards, threatened flora and fauna, bridges, buildings and landscapes of historic value, archeological sites, or public lands such as schools, parks, game lands, and forests. Additionally, transportation projects should not unduly impact neighborhood resources such as minority populations, low-income areas, etc.
Although many of these resources and locations are identified and mapped in other elements of the Franklin County Comprehensive Plan, Figure 43 and Figure 44 depict constraints that impact transportation plans and projects. Individual project ideas can be evaluated using GIS mapping where constraints can be identified for further analysis and avoidance or mitigation.
Protected Lands Franklin County’s protected lands include preserved farmland, local and state parks, state game lands, and state forests. Together, these protected lands comprise more than 17 percent of all land area within the county, as shown in Table 30 and Figure 43. Projects that take place on these sensitive lands must undergo a stringent review process and may requre additional permits to proceed. In many cases, disturbing protected lands may not be allowed at all.
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Table 30: Franklin County Protected Lands
Protected Land Square Miles % of Total Land in County
Preserved Farmland 36.7 4.7%
Local & State Park 4.4 0.6%
State Game Land 23.8 3.1%
State Forest 69.0 8.9%
Total 133.8 17.3%
Source: PASDA, Franklin County Planning
Environmental Constraints In addition to protected lands, physical constraints dot the landscape of Franklin County. Sink holes, flood hazard zones, rivers and tributaries, wetlands, and hydric (permanently saturated) soils are all major natural obstacles to new development. Projects that intersect these constraining features require special considerations and additional permitting. These environmental constraints are mapped in Figure 44.
Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA) require Franklin County transportation planning and programming, including the LRTP, to be consistent with federal air quality goals. Franklin County is considered a non-attainment area—a geographic area that does not meet the federal air quality standards for eight-hour ozone and/or PM2.5 (particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter). “Transportation conformity” is a process that ensures federal funding from FHWA and FTA is directed to projects that are consistent with air quality standards. Air quality evaluations for an LRTP determine the total emissions projected for on-road mobile sources identified in the plan. This evaluation dictates whether transportation control measures must be implemented to meet conformity standards set by EPA.
The EPA published the 1997 eight-hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) on July 18, 1997 (62 FR 38856), with an effective date of September 16, 1997. An area was in non-attainment of the 1997 eight-hour ozone NAAQS if the three-year average of the individual fourth-highest air quality monitor readings, averaged over eight hours throughout the day, exceeded the NAAQS of .08 parts per million (ppm). On May 21, 2013, the EPA published a rule revoking the 1997 eight-hour ozone NAAQS, for the purposes of transportation conformity,
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effective one year after the effective date of the 2008 eight-hour ozone NAAQS area designations (77 FR 30160). As of July 20, 2013, Franklin County no longer needed to demonstrate conformity to the 1997 eight-hour ozone NAAQS. However, on February 16, 2018, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (known as the D.C. Circuit Court) reached a decision in South Coast Air Quality Management District v. EPA, Case No. 15- 1115. In that decision, the court vacated major portions of the final rule that established procedures for transitioning from the 1997 ozone NAAQS to the stricter 2008 ozone NAAQS. Both FHWA and EPA are working to review the impacts of this rulemaking on transportation conformity for all NAAQS. PennDOT and Franklin County have demonstrated conformity to the 1997 eight-hour ozone NAAQS standards for this LRTP and the 2019 TIP.
Environmental Mtigation Strategies Transportation projects must be developed and constructed in an environmentally sensitive manner. The Franklin County MPO recognizes the impact transportation decisions have on the environmental, historical, and cultural assets of the county. The MPO will continually strive to avoid, mitigate, and/or enhance the environment through the planning and project development process. Additionally, the 2012 Franklin County Comprehensive Plan contains specific transportation-related environmental strategies. These strategies will be implemented through the MPO LRTP. These strategies include: • Promote conservation of quality farmland and prime agricultural soils. • Support revitalization of core communities. • Support preservation of sensitive natural resources. • Encourage future development and growth to align with existing development and in areas where transportation and infrastructure are invested. • Support efforts for renewable energy products or encourage the use of renewable energy.
The Franklin County MPO is committed to implementing the above strategies through direct mitigation measures and actions. Many of the specific actions contained in the Asset Management, Projects, and Actions chapter of this plan are directly related to the above strategies. The MPO will also achieve the implemetation of these strategies through specific actions such as: • Continually update GIS environmental layers with the most recently available data. • Ensure that municipal transportation projects and maintenance activities are environmentally sound through programs such as LTAP and the Dirt, Gravel & Low Volume Road Maintenance program. • Participate and assist PennDOT, PTC, and others throughout the project planning and development process.
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• Continually coordinate with resource agencies on all plans and projects. • Encourage the maintenance of existing stormwater systems and promote best management practices. • Ensure that projects are designed and built in a manner that is sensitive to the context of the area. • Ensure that transportation emissions do not exceed EPA/DEP budgets. • Avoid or minimize the impact of transportation on agricultural and protected lands.
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Figure 43: Franklin County Protected Lands
Source: Franklin County, FEMA, PASDA
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Figure 44: Franklin County Environmental Constraints
Source: Franklin County, FEMA, PASDA
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Transportation Funding
Transportation Funding
The LRTP is the overarching document that influences the development of the annual Unified Planning Work Program (UPWP), the Transportation Improvement Program (TIP), transportation studies, and programs throughout the region. Federal regulations stipulate that all MPO LRTPs provide a list of anticipated investments for the next 25 years. As required by federal law, these project lists must be fiscally constrained—their total projected cost must not exceed current and anticipated future funding levels. Existing funding levels and projections provided by PennDOT were used for this LRTP. Highway and bridge funding projections are provided in Table 31. These amounts include the federal and state funds available to the MPO for capital projects and large-scale maintenance projects. They do not include funding allocated to Franklin County for routine maintenance of bridges and highways such as snow removal, pothole patching, line painting, and small-scale paving, drainage improvements, etc.
Maintaining Franklin County’s existing transportation system in a state of good repair will consume virtually all of the reasonably expected funding shown in Table 31, leaving limited resources to undertake capacity-adding projects.
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Table 31: Franklin County Financial Projections and Year of Expenditure ($000), 2019-2044
Rapid State Off- Highway Bridge Highway State System Freight Replace- Year(s) NHPP STP (Capital) Bridge Bridges HSIP Program CMAQ ment Spike Total
2019 $1,956 $1,836 $3,717 $1,827 $669 $1,194 $0 $979 $0 $0 $12,178
2020 $2,025 $1,870 $4,100 $1,827 $669 $1,220 $0 $1,004 $0 $0 $12,715
2021 $2,025 $1,869 $4,363 $1,826 $669 $1,220 $0 $0 $0 $0 $11,972
2022 $2,024 $1,869 $4,792 $1,826 $669 $1,220 $0 $0 $0 $0 $12,400
2023 $2,024 $1,869 $4,792 $1,825 $669 $1,220 $0 $0 $0 $12,950 $25,349
2024 $2,024 $1,869 $4,792 $1,825 $669 $1,220 $0 $0 $0 $12,950 $25,349
2025 $2,024 $1,869 $4,792 $1,825 $669 $1,220 $0 $0 $0 $0 $12,399
2026 $2,024 $1,869 $4,792 $1,825 $669 $1,220 $0 $0 $0 $0 $12,399
2027 $2,024 $1,869 $4,792 $1,825 $669 $1,220 $0 $0 $0 $0 $12,399
2028 $2,024 $1,869 $4,792 $1,825 $669 $1,220 $0 $0 $0 $0 $12,399
2029 $2,024 $1,869 $4,792 $1,825 $669 $1,220 $0 $0 $0 $0 $12,399
2030 $2,024 $1,869 $4,792 $1,825 $669 $1,220 $0 $0 $0 $0 $12,399
2031- $28,336 $26,166 $67,088 $25,550 $16,725 $17,080 $0 $0 $0 $0 $180,945 2044
Totals $52,558 $48,562 $122,396 $47,456 $24,753 $31,694 $0 $1,983 $0 $25,900 $355,302
2019-2030 funding projections provided by PennDOT
The Franklin County MPO, municipal government, and other stakeholders will need to make the case for PennDOT to allocate funds to implement needed new projects. An example is the need to construct a new Exit 12 interchange on I-81. PennDOT has identified an additional $25.4 million to construct the new interchange beginning in 2023.
In addition to traditional federal and state funding, the MPO should continually work to identify other possible federal, state, and local funding such as grants, borrowing, private contributions, etc. The MPO should maintain a prioritized list of projects that are “shovel-ready” and can be rapidly advanced when additional funding becomes available.
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Asset Management, Projects, and Actions
The preceding sections of this LRTP have identified goals and performance measures, described the public involvement process, laid the foundation for future progress through a thorough system overview, and discussed the funding available to implement the plan. This section outlines how progress will be made toward Franklin County’s long-range vision. It identifies: • A fiscally constrained set of future projects; • Asset management needs of the MPO; • Unfunded but potentially beneficial “illustrative” projects to consider; and • Actions for the MPO and its partners to undertake to facilitate plan implementation over the next 25 years.
Fiscally Constrained Projects Federal laws and regulations require MPO long-range transportation plans to be fiscally constrained—the cost of projects included in the plan must not exceed the funding that can reasonably be expected over the planning horizon. Table 32 and Table 33 present Franklin County’s fiscally constrained plan of projects to be implemented over the next 25 years. Figure 45 and Figure 46 map each project.
These projects are designated for near-term, mid-term, or longer-term implementation, and thus form the foundation for the MPO’s Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) and Twelve- Year Plan (TYP). The TIP lists projects expected to be undertaken within the next four years, and is refined and reprioritized every two years. The TYP includes projects expected to be launched within the next 12 years. Projects with a longer timeframe are presented as “2031–2040 Long- Range Projects.”
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The fiscally constrained project listing is subject to the Clean Air Act Amendment’s conformity requirement. Because Franklin County has not met Clean Air Act minimum air quality standards, LRTP projects are subject to a conformity analysis—any project that may have an impact on vehicle emissions must be examined to ensure that the project will not worsen air quality. This requirement must also be met when and if new projects are identified for inclusion on the fiscally constrained program of projects—the MPO must determine and demonstrate Clean Air Act conformity compliance.
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Table 32: Franklin County 2019-2022 Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) Phases: P = Preliminary Engineering F = Final Design U = Utility Relocation R = Right-of-Way Acquisition C = Construction
2019 2020 2021 2022
Ref # Project Type MPMS Project Name Municipality Project Total Total Cost Total Cost Total Cost Total Cost Phase Phase Phase Phase Map
Bridge Maclays Mill Rd bridge over F $75,000 19188 1 Southampton – – C $522,000 C $328,000 $975,000 Replacement Conodoguinet Creek U $50,000 Bridge US 11 (W King St) bridge over Southampton, 19304 2 F $160,000 C $300,000 C $800,000 – – $1,260,000 Replacement Norfolk Southern Railroad Shippensburg SR 4006 (Stone Bridge Rd) bridge Bridge 63174 over W Branch Conococheague 3 Metal – – – – P $200,000 – – $200,000 Replacement Creek Bridge SR 75 (Fort Loudon Rd) bridge 78690 4 Peters – – – – P $100,000 – – $100,000 Preservation over Buck Run Bridge SR 3007 (Lemar Rd) bridge over 78699 5 Peters – – – – P $100,000 – – $100,000 Preservation W Branch Conococheague Creek SR 1006 (Main St) from PA 997 to Highway 79700 6 Greene C $717,000 C $2,652,000 C $1,111,000 – – $4,480,000 PA 997 Resurfacing Bridge US 11 bridge over tributary to 87446 7 Antrim – – – – C $1,020,000 – – $1,020,000 Replacement Conococheague Creek Bridge US 11 bridge over Falling Spring 87680 8 Chambersburg C $225,000 C $915,000 – – – – $1,140,000 Replacement Run Federal and state bridge funding Bridge Reserve 87804 – Countywide – – C $330,000 C $417,000 C $1,467,000 $2,214,000 reserve Highway Federal and state highway 87805 – Countywide C $72,000 C $204,000 C $557,000 – – $833,000 Reserve funding reserve Consulting Consultant assistance in project P $400,000 P $400,000 P $400,000 P $400,000 87810 – Countywide $2,400,000 Services delivery and construction C $200,000 C $200,000 C $200,000 C $200,000
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2019 2020 2021 2022
Ref # Project Type MPMS Project Name Municipality Project Total Total Cost Total Cost Total Cost Total Cost Phase Phase Phase Phase Map
Safety Reserve 87816 Safety Reserve (HSIP) – Countywide – – C $13,000 C $820,000 C $30,000 $863,000 Ridesharing (SRTP), vanpooling Transit 88666 – Countywide P $98,000 P $99,000 P $92,000 P $93,000 $382,000 and transit coordination Bridge US 30 (Lincoln Hwy) bridge 1-A 90322 9 St. Thomas C $425,000 C $530,000 $955,000 Rehabilitation over tributary to Back Creek F $180,000 Bridge US 30 (Lincoln Hwy) bridge 2-A U $50,000 90323 10 Hamilton – – – – – – $1,404,000 Rehabilitation over tributary to Back Creek R $93,000 C $1,081,000 Bridge US 30 (Lincoln Hwy) bridge 3-A 90324 11 Hamilton C $679,000 – – – – – – $679,000 Rehabilitation over tributary to Back Creek Bridge SR 16 (Buchanan Tr) bridge over 90813 12 Antrim C $74,000 C $846,000 – – – – $920,000 Replacement Marsh Run Bridge US 30 bridge over Rocky 90839 13 Greene C $3,400,000 – – – – – – $3,400,000 Replacement Mountain Creek F $310,000 Bridge SR 997 bridge over W Branch 90856 14 Quincy P $225,000 U $15,000 – – C $1,350,000 $1,925,000 Replacement Antietam Creek R $25,000 F $350,000 Bridge SR 3012 (Social Island Rd) bridge Guilford, 90969 15 U $65,000 C $1,500,000 – – – – $1,950,000 Replacement over Conococheague Creek Hamilton R $35,000 Bridge Heisey Rd T-330 bridge over W 92543 16 Montgomery C $1,826,000 C $424,000 – – – – $2,250,000 Rehabilitation Branch Conococheague Creek New R $2,100,000 93055 I-81 new interchange (exit 12) 17 Guilford F $441,000 F $1,622,000 U $2,027,000 $10,202,000 Interchange C $4,012,000
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2019 2020 2021 2022
Ref # Project Type MPMS Project Name Municipality Project Total Total Cost Total Cost Total Cost Total Cost Phase Phase Phase Phase Map
SR 2031 (Mont Alto Rd) bridge Bridge P $119,000 93208 over tributary to Conococheage 18 Guilford – – – – – – $319,000 Rehabilitation C $200,000 Creek Bridge US 30 (Lincoln Hwy) bridge over F $210,000 100046 19 St. Thomas R $60,000 C $1,456,000 – – $1,786,000 Replacement branch of Campbell Run U $60,000 F $210,000 Bridge US 30 (Lincoln Hwy) bridge CR-A 100051 20 St. Thomas U $65,000 C $29,000 C $1,225,000 – – $1,574,000 Replacement over tributary to Back Creek R $45,000 SR 233 (Rocky Mountain Rd) Bridge 100149 bridge over Rocky Mountain 21 Greene C $694,000 C $106,000 – – – – $800,000 Rehabilitation Creek Bridge SR 3011 (Mountain Rd) bridge 100163 22 Peters – – P $150,000 – – C $700,000 $850,000 Replacement over Buck Run US 30 (Lincoln Hwy) westbound Bridge 100237 bridge over Conococheague 23 Chambersburg C $345,000 – – – – – – $345,000 Preservation Creek Bridge SR 696 (S Fayette Rd) bridge over Southampton, 101401 24 – – – – P $100,000 – – $100,000 Preservation Shirley Run Shippensburg Department Force Box Culvert Line Item 102147 – Countywide C $225,000 C $225,000 – – – – $450,000 Program Upgrade 56 signalized Chambersburg, Highway 102384 intersections in Chambersburg 25 Guilford, C $2,295,000 C $1,786,000 – – – – $4,081,000 area Hamilton Install RR warning devices on S Highway 102974 26 Guilford – – C $185,000 C $100,000 – – $285,000 3rd St at Norfolk Southern Line Item 106536 Road Safety Audit – Countywide C $30,000 – – – – – – $30,000
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2019 2020 2021 2022
Ref # Project Type MPMS Project Name Municipality Project Total Total Cost Total Cost Total Cost Total Cost Phase Phase Phase Phase Map
F $250,000 Intersection Improvements at SR Highway 106709 27 Washington P $200,000 – – U $50,000 – – $600,000 997 and SR 2015 (Tomstown Rd) R $100,000 Intersection Improvements at US F $250,000 Highway 106711 11 and SR 3012 (Social Island Rd) 28 Guilford – – U $50,000 – – C $1,190,000 $1,590,000 and Overcash Rd R $100,000 Deep pipe replacement on US 30 Highway 107589 29 St. Thomas C $600,000 – – – – – – $600,000 at tributary to Campbell's Run SR 1006 (Main St) sidewalk Pedestrian 107986 replacement from Orchard Ln to 30 Greene C $498,000 – – – – – – $498,000 Elevator St TIP TOTAL $53,560,000
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Table 33: Franklin County LRTP 2023-2030 TYP and 2031-2040 Long-Range Projects Phases: P = Preliminary Engineering F = Final Design U = Utility Relocation R = Right-of-Way Acquisition C = Construction
2023-2026 2027-2030 2031-2040
Ref # Project Project Type MPMS Project Name Municipality Total Total Total Cost Total Cost Phase Phase Phase Map Cost
Bridge Reserve 87804 Federal and state bridge funding reserve – Countywide C $3,999,000 C $2,968,000 – – $6,967,000
Highway Reserve 87805 Federal and state bridge funding reserve – Countywide C $341,001 C $17,168,000 – – $17,509,001
HSIP Line Item 87816 Safety reserve – Countywide – – C $2,500,000 – – $2,500,000
Bridge 100054 US 11 bridge over Muddy Run 1 Antrim P $50,000 C $750,000 – – $800,000
Bridge 100132 US 11 bridge over Wet Weather Stream 2 Southampton P $150,000 C $750,000 – – $900,000 Antrim, P $150,000 Highway 100308 US 11/Molly Pitcher Highway restoration 3 – – – – $1,650,000 Guilford C $1,500,000 US 11 bridge over tributary to Conococheague Bridge 87461 4 Antrim P $50,000 C $250,000 – – $300,000 Creek Bridge Safety 106711 US 11 & SR 3012 Intersection improvements 5 Guilford C $810,000 – – – – $810,000 Improvement Bridge 100012 SR 16 Bridge PM 1 6 Washington P $150,000 C $400,000 – – $550,000
Bridge 100016 Main St Bridge 2 7 Washington P $150,000 C $1,250,000 – – $1,400,000
Bridge 100023 SR 16 over Red Run 1 8 Washington P $150,000 C $750,000 – – $900,000
Bridge 100027 SR 16 over Red Run 2 9 Washington P $150,000 C $900,000 – – $1,050,000
Bridge 100028 SR 16 over Red Run 3 10 Washington P $150,000 C $600,000 – – $750,000
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2023-2026 2027-2030 2031-2040
Ref # Project Project Type MPMS Project Name Municipality Total Total Total Cost Total Cost Phase Phase Phase Map Cost
Washington, Highway 100287 Buchanan Trail West 2 11 P $50,000 – – – – $50,000 Waynesboro Highway 90205 SR 16 Retaining Wall 12 Washington P $150,000 C $1,500,000 – – $1,650,000
Bridge 90812 SR 16/ Buck Run Bridge 13 Peters P $150,000 C $400,000 – – $550,000 Mercersburg, Highway 90898 SR 16/ Resurfacing of Main Street 14 P $50,000 – – – – $50,000 Montgomery Highway 99810 SR 16/ Buchanan Trail Resurfacing 15 Washington P $150,000 – – – – $150,000
Highway 95662 I-81/ Buchanan Trail Improvements 16 Antrim P $300,000 – – – – $300,000
Bridge 100174 US 30 bridge over tributary to Campbell Run 17 St. Thomas P $150,000 C $750,000 – – $900,000
Highway 100303 US 30 (Lincoln Highway) Resurfacing 18 Greene P $50,000 – – – – $50,000
Bridge 78690 SR 75 bridge over Buck Run 19 Peters C $300,000 – – – – $300,000
Bridge 87684 Path Valley Bridge 20 Metal P $150,000 C $250,000 – – $400,000 P $100,000 Bridge 90841 SR 75/ Wet Weather Stream Bridge 21 Metal – – – – $500,000 C $400,000 Bridge 92588 Path Valley Road Bridge 22 Fannett P $150,000 C $600,000 – – $750,000
Highway 97964 Path Valley Road Resurfacing 23 Fannett P $50,000 – – – – $50,000
Highway 93055 I-81 new Interchange (Exit 12) 24 Guilford C $25,800,999 – – – – $25,800,999 P $100,000 Bridge 90845 SR 233 bridge over Little Antietam Creek 25 Quincy – – – – $500,000 C $400,000
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2023-2026 2027-2030 2031-2040
Ref # Project Project Type MPMS Project Name Municipality Total Total Total Cost Total Cost Phase Phase Phase Map Cost
Bridge 100165 SR 316 bridge over Little Antietam Creek 26 Washington P $150,000 C $950,000 – – $1,100,000 SR 316 bridge over tributary to W Branch Bridge 100169 27 Quincy P $150,000 C $850,000 – – $1,000,000 Antietam Creek Bridge 100267 SR 433 (Rowe Run Rd) over Rowe Run 28 Southampton P $150,000 C $300,000 – – $450,000
Highway 90918 Resurfacing of Little Cove Rd 29 Warren P $50,000 – – – – $50,000
Bridge 99942 Back Rd bridge over Dry Run 30 Fannett P $150,000 C $1,000,000 – – $1,150,000
Bridge 100138 Paxton Run Rd Bridge 1 31 Lurgan P $150,000 C $1,000,000 – – $1,150,000 Antrim, P $250,000 Highway 92006 I-81 Maryland State Line to MM 18 32 Guilford, – – – – $1,050,000 F $800,000 Greene Bridge 100256 SR 641 (Newburg Rd) bridge over Laughlin Run 33 Lurgan P $150,000 C $250,000 – – $400,000
Bridge 101402 SR 641 (Spring Run Rd) bridge PM 34 Fannett P $150,000 C $250,000 – – $400,000 P $100,000 Bridge 78692 SR 641 bridge over Trout Run 35 Lurgan – – – – $500,000 C $400,000 SR 696 (South Fayette Rd) bridge over Shirley Shippensburg Bridge 101401 36 C $500,000 – – – – $500,000 Run Southampton Bridge 101404 Welsh Run Rd Bridge PM 37 Montgomery P $150,000 C $300,000 – – $450,000 Letterkenny, Bridge 100039 SR 997 over Conodoguinet 3 38 P $150,000 C $850,000 – – $1,000,000 Lurgan Highway 97159 Anthony Highway Realignment 39 Washington P $300,000 C $1,500,000 – – $1,800,000
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2023-2026 2027-2030 2031-2040
Ref # Project Project Type MPMS Project Name Municipality Total Total Total Cost Total Cost Phase Phase Phase Map Cost
P $200,000 Bridge 99971 Black Gap Rd bridge PM 40 Greene – – – – $800,000 C $600,000 Safety SR 997 and SR 2015 (Tomstown Rd) intersection 106709 41 Washington C $1,864,000 – – – – $1,864,000 Improvement improvements Bridge 100249 Mount Pleasant Rd bridge 42 Greene P $150,000 C $400,000 – – $550,000 Washington, Bridge 100042 Leitersburg Rd bridge over Marsh Run 43 P $150,000 C $750,000 – – $900,000 Antrim Bridge 100225 Iron Bridge Rd bridge 44 Washington P $150,000 C $400,000 – – $550,000 P $150,000 Bridge 78714 Mentzer Gap Rd bridge PM 45 Washington – – – – $805,000 C $655,000 Highway 97147 Old Forge Rd 46 Washington P $50,000 – – – – $50,000
Highway 91184 Old Rt 16 resurfacing 47 Washington P $50,000 – – – – $50,000
Bridge 63179 SR 2016/ I-81 bridge 48 Antrim P $200,000 C $750,000 – – $950,000
Bridge 91340 Williamsport Pike bridge 49 Antrim P $150,000 C $300,000 – – $450,000 Montgomery, Bridge 99967 Bino Rd Bridge PM 50 P $150,000 C $405,000 – – $555,000 Antrim SR 3007 (Lemar Rd Bridge) over W Branch Bridge 78699 51 Peters C $525,000 – – – – $525,000 Conocoheague Creek Mercersburg, P $150,000 Bridge 100261 Oregon St bridge over Steigers Run 52 – – – – $550,000 Peters C $400,000 Bridge 78703 Church Hill Rd bridge 53 Peters P $150,000 C $300,000 – – $450,000
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2023-2026 2027-2030 2031-2040
Ref # Project Project Type MPMS Project Name Municipality Total Total Total Cost Total Cost Phase Phase Phase Map Cost
Bridge 101403 Stoney Battery Rd bridge 54 Peters P $150,000 C $300,000 – – $450,000 P $150,000 Bridge 87447 Stoney Battery Rd bridge 55 Peters – – – – $400,000 C $250,000 Bridge 91343 Jack Rd Bridge 56 Guilford P $150,000 C $350,000 – – $500,000
Bridge 100245 Mill Rd bridge over Carters Creek 57 Warren P $150,000 C $500,000 – – $650,000
Bridge 99964 Bear Valley Rd bridge over Broad Run 58 Peters P $150,000 C $500,000 – – $650,000
Highway 91187 Horse Valley Rd resurfacing 59 Letterkenny P $50,000 – – – – $50,000
Bridge 99929 Amberson Rd Bridge 2 60 Fannett P $150,000 C $300,000 – – $450,000
Bridge 99938 Amberson Rd Bridge 3 61 Fannett P $150,000 C $300,000 – – $450,000 Stone Bridge Rd Bridge over W Branch Bridge 63174 62 Metal C $1,300,000 – – – – $1,300,000 Conococheague Creek Lurgan, Bridge 100143 Paxton Run Rd Bridge 2 63 P $150,000 C $750,000 – – $900,000 Southampton Bridge 63175 Paxton Run Rd Bridge 64 Lurgan P $150,000 C $750,000 – – $900,000
Total TYP and Long-Range $94,836,000
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Figure 45: Transportation Improvement Program (2019-2022)
Source: Franklin County, PennDOT
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Figure 46: TYP and Long-Range Projects (2023-2040)
Source: Franklin County, PennDOT 105 | Franklin County LRTP 11- 14- 201 8
Asset Management, Projects, and Actions Asset Management Asset management is the practice of strategically maintaining the existing transportation system to extend its useful life in the most cost-effective manner. Just as regularly changing the oil in a car can postpone or avoid costlier engine repairs, timely maintenance of roads and bridges enables them to last longer with a lower life-cycle cost, thus delivering the most value to taxpayers. When roads and bridges deteriorate to the point where a major reconstruction or replacement is necessary, prioritizing that work keeps the overall system in a state of good repair and enables PennDOT to meet state and federal infrastructure performance requirements. Effectively maintaining the existing transportation system is one of the top priorities of federal transportation agencies, PennDOT, and the Franklin County MPO. Therefore, available funding should first be allocated to taking care of current assets such as bridges, pavements, signs, etc., before expanding the system.
Funding for asset management projects comes from various federal, state, and county/municipal sources. Larger-scale projects such as roadway reconstruction and restorations, bridge replacement, and major repairs usually are funded through the TIP and TYP and municipalities. Smaller-scale projects on state-owned roadways are generally state-funded with work done by the PennDOT workforce or contractors. These smaller-scale projects generally are not included on the TIP due to the nature of the funding and limited project scope.
Although not included in this plan, municipalities and Franklin County utilize their share of state gas tax receipts, known as Liquid Fuels funds, to maintain their highway and bridge assets.
Table 34 and Figure 47 were provided by PennDOT and outline asset management needs for state-owned infrastructure through 2025. Please note that the timing of these projects is subject to funding availability. For example, when Pennsylvania experiences a particularly severe winter and PennDOT’s snow and ice removal costs spike, less funding is typically available for the following construction season than originally expected. Also note that projects on this list may appear in the previous fiscally constrained project listing if the project funding requires TIP approval.
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Table 34: Franklin County Asset Management Project List
Owner/ Map Date of Estimated Project Road Name Description Reference Improvements Cost Type A Orchard Drive 2018 $207,910 Ultra-thin friction course (S. Main St. to Wayne Ave.)
Ultra-thin friction course (Lincoln Way East to B S. Coldbrook Ave. 2020 $109,673 McKinley St.) C Stouffer Ave. 2020/2021 $747,993 Reconstruction of entire street
D Hollywell Ave. 2018 $259,111 Reconstruct (Industrial Drive to South St.)
Mill, overlay (Hollywell Ave. to Delano Dr.), Ultra-thin E Mill Rd. 2018 $136,645 friction course (Delano Dr to Main St.)
F W. King St. 2020 $41,818 Reconstruction (Grandview Ave to Brookview Ave.) ChambersburgBorough Projects Cornertown Road, Greene Full Bridge Replacement over Conococheague Creek 1 2022 $776,250 Township (17651) Tallow Hill Road, Hamilton Non-Composite Deck Replacement over 2 2021 $51,000 Township Conococheague Creek (17669) Etter Road, Hamilton & Guilford Full Bridge Replacement over East Branch 3 2021 $507,000 Townships Conococheague Creek (17668) Full Bridge Replacement over Conococheague Creek 4 Lehman Road, Hamilton Township 2022 $1,078,000 (17667) Leafmore Road, Hamilton & St. Non-Composite Deck Replacement over Back Creek 5 2018 $60,000 Thomas Twps. (17727)
Franklin County Bridges Grapevine Road, St. Thomas Full Bridge Replacement over Tributary of Back Creek 6 2019 $662,000 Township (17718) Composite Deck Replacement over Wilson Run 7 Peckman Drive, St. Thomas Twp. 2022 $76,200 (17719)
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Owner/ Map Date of Estimated Project Road Name Description Reference Improvements Cost Type Wenger Road, St. Thomas 8 2023 $400,000 Full Bridge Replacement over Wilson Run (17725) Township
Full Bridge Replacement over West Branch 9 Store Lane, Fannett Township 2024 $192,500 Conococheague Creek (52787)
10 Dry Run Road, Fannett Township 2019 $650,000 Full Bridge Replacement over Dry Run (17636)
Full Bridge Replacement over West Branch 11 Mill Road, Fannett Township 2022 $396,000 Conococheague Creek (17697) New Bridge Road, Fannett Full Bridge Replacement over West Branch 12 2023 $374,000 Township Conococheague Creek (17640) 13 Shearer Road, Fannett Township 2024 $273,000 Full Bridge Replacement over Dry Run (17638) Muddy Run Road, Southampton 14 2018 $650,000 Full Bridge Replacement over Muddy Run (17729) Township Hickory Run Road, Lurgan Full Bridge Replacement over Conodoguinet Creek 15 2023 $467,500 Township (17678) Full Bridge Replacement over Conodoguinet Creek 16 Burnt Mill Road, Lurgan Township 2023 $735,000 Franklin County Bridges (17679) Full Bridge Replacement over Conococheague Creek 17 Kuhn Road, Antrim Township 2025 $1,012,500 (17631) Pre-stressed Deck Replacement over Buck Run 18 Dickey's Road, Peters Township 2024 $47,800 (17700) Full Bridge Replacement over West Branch 19 Creek Road, Metal Townsip 2025 $848,000 Conococheague Creek (17684) Full Bridge Replacement over West Branch 20 Hill Road, Metal Township 2018 $462,000 Conococheague Creek (17685) Shimpstown Road, Montgomery Non-composite Deck Replacement over Licking Creek 21 2024 $44,100 Township (17686)
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Owner/ Map Date of Estimated Project Road Name Description Reference Improvements Cost Type Anderson Road, Montgomery 22 2019 $438,000 Full Bridge Replacement over Licking Creek (17693) Township Punch Bowl Road, Montgomery Composite Deck Replacement over Licking Creek 23 2025 $61,000 Township (17687) Full Bridge Replacement over West Branch Cool Hollow Road, Montgomery 24 2020 $1,192,500 Conococheague Creek Twp. (17696) Full Bridge Replacement over West Branch Anderson Road, Montgomery 25 2023 $511,000 Conococheague Creek Township (17694) Franklin County Bridges West King Street, Chambersburg 26 2019 $750,000 Full Bridge Replacement over Falling Spring (17742) Borough Roads-Paved Patch-Mech Finish Pave (Segment 740, G Path Valley Road (SR 75) 2017 0.55 miles) Roads Pvd-Scr Coat Tow Pvr/Pvr Finish Surface Treat H Olde Scotland Road (SR 696) 2017 1.5" Plant Mix, shoulders-Paved Patching-Mech
(Segment 100 to 150, 2.50 miles) Roads Pvd-Scr Coat Tow Pvr/Pvr Finish Surface Treat I Orrstown Road (SR 533) 2018 1.5" Plant Mix, shoulders-Paved Patching-Mech (Segment 60 to 220, 7.10 miles) Roads Pvd-Scr Coat Tow Pvr/Pvr Finish Surface Treat J Rocky Mountain Road (SR 233) 2021 1.5" Plant Mix, shoulders-Paved Patching-Mech (Segment 110 to 190, 4.22 miles) Roads Scr Coat Tow Pvr/Pvr Finish, shoulders paved K Old Rt 16 (SR 2010) 2021 (Segment 20 to 60, 2.26 miles) PennDOT County Forces Roads Pvd-Scr Coat Tow Pvr/Pvr Finish Surface Treat Edenville-Cheesetown Road (SR L 2021 1.5" Plant Mix, shoulders-Paved Patching-Mech 4010) (Segment 120 to 220, 4.87 miles) Roads, shoulders Surf Treat Liq Bit (Segment 10 to 60, M Old Rt 16 (SR 2010) 2022 2.88 miles)
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Owner/ Map Date of Estimated Project Road Name Description Reference Improvements Cost Type New Exit 12 Interchange for I-81 at Guilford Springs N I-81 Guilford Springs Interchange 2/9/2023 $34,000,000 Road (93055) Lane Widening and Restriping, Signal Upgrade O US11 & PA997 Intersection 7/13/2017 $3,334,000 (86970) US 11 Bridge Replacement over US-11 Bridge Replacement over Tributary of 27 3/12/2020 $1,012,000 Conococheague Trib. Conococheague Creek in Antrim Township (17280) US 11 Bridge Replacement over US-11 Bridge Replacement over Falling Spring in 28 11/7/2019 $1,277,000 Falling Spring Chambersburg Borough (17289) US-11 Bridge Replacement over Norfolk Southern US 11 Bridge Replacement over 29 4/9/2020 $1,052,000 Railroad in Southampton Township/Shippensburg
Railroad Borough (17293) PA 16 Bridge Super Structure PA 16 Bridge Superstructure Replacement over 30 11/2/2017 $3,130,000 Replacement Conococheague Creek in Antrim Township (17299) PA 16 Bridge Replacement over PA 16 Bridge Replacement over Marsh Run in Antrim 31 11/7/2019 $920,000
- Line Projects Marsh Run Township (17303) US 30 Bridge Replacement over US-30 Bridge Replacement over Rocky Mountain 32 1/1/2019 $3,369,000 Rocky Mtn. Creek Creek in Greene Township (17333) US 30 Bridge Replacement over US-30 Bridge Replacement over branch of Campbell
PennDOT 3 PennDOT 33 3/11/2021 $1,456,000 Campbell Run Run in St. Thomas Township (17317) US 30 Bridge Replacement over US-30 Bridge Replacement over Tributary to Back 34 1/23/2020 $1,254,000 Back Creek Tributary Creek in St. Thomas Township (17319) US 30 Bridge Replacement over US-30 Bridge Preservation over Conococheague Creek 35 3/10/2020 $345,000 Conococheague in Chambersburg Borough (17326) US 30 Bridge 1-A Rehab over Back US-30 Bridge Rehabilitation over Tributary to Back 36 6/25/2020 $955,000 Creek Tributary Creek in Hamilton Township (17320) US 30 Bridge 2-A Rehab over Back US-30 Bridge Rehabilitation over Tributary to Back 37 1/1/2019 $1,081,000 Creek Tributary Creek in Hamilton Township (17322) US 30 Bridge 3-A Rehab over Back US-30 Bridge Rehabilitation over Tributary to Back 38 1/1/2019 $679,000 Creek Tributary Creek in Hamilton Township (17323)
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Owner/ Map Date of Estimated Project Road Name Description Reference Improvements Cost Type PA 233 Bridge Rehabilitation over PA 233 Bridge Rehabilitation over Rocky Mountain 39 1/1/2019 $800,000 Rocky Mountain Creek Creek in Greene Township (17406) PA 533 Paving from west Orrstown Boro Line to PA 533 Pavement P 3/1/2018 $434,000 Cumberland Co. Line in Southampton Twp., Orrstown Preservation/Resurface Boro, and Shippensburg Boro (90905) PA 696 Pavement Resurface from Cumberland County Q PA 696 Pavement Resurface 3/1/2018 $1,815,000 Line to Mount Rock Road in Southampton Township (91001) PA 995 Bridge Replacement over PA 995 Bridge Replacement over Licking Creek in 40 1/1/2022 $50,000 Licking Creek Montgomery Township (17447)
PA 997 Bridge Replacement over PA 997 Bridge Replacement over West Branch 41 8/11/2022 $1,344,000 W. Branch Antietam Cr. Antietam Creek in Quincy Township (17457) SR 1006 (Main Street Scotland)
Projects SR 1006 Paving R 1/1/2019 $3,942,000 Resurfacing/Reconstruction from PA Resurfacing/Reconstruction 997 to PA 997 in Greene Township (79700) - Line SR 2031 (Mont Alto Road) Bridge Rehabilitation over SR 2031 Bridge Rehab over 42 2/7/2019 $1,277,000 Tributary to Conococheague Creek in Guilford Conococheague Creek Trib. Township (17530)
PennDOT 3 PennDOT SR 3012 (Social Island Road) Bridge SR 3012 Bridge Rehab/ Replace 43 6/11/2020 $1,500,000 Rehab/Replacement over Conococheague Creek in over Conococheague Guilford and Hamilton Townships (17554) SR 3028 (Rolling Road) Bridge Replacement over SR 3028 Bridge Replacement over 44 1/1/2018 $200,000 Tributary to Back Creek in St. Thomas Township Back Creek Tributary (17564) SR 4018 (Maclays Mill Road) Bridge Replacement over SR 4018 Bridge Replacement over 45 3/10/2022 $850,000 Conodoguinet Creek in Southampton Township Conodoguinet Creek (17609) T-330 (Heisey Road) County Bridge #121 T-330 Bridge Improvements over 46 1/1/2019 $2,250,000 Improvements over Conococheague Creek in Conococheague Creek Montgomery Township (17695)
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Figure 47: Franklin County Asset Management Projects (2017-2025)
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Illustrative Projects As previously mentioned, projects in MPO long-range plans must be fiscally constrained and are subject to Clean Air Act requirements. However, federal transportation law does allow for the listing of “illustrative” projects. Such projects are identified to accommodate a long-range vision but currently lack funding to develop and construct.
The list of illustrative projects for Franklin County was derived from various sources. These sources include:
• Data collected as part of the System Overview section of the plan (SO); • Public & stakeholder involvement including advisory groups, online and paper surveys, and online mapping of transportation issues (PI); • Municipal comprehensive plans, Official Maps, and other studies conducted by local government (M); or • Combinations of these sources.
The LRTP illustrative projects are listed on Table 35 and mapped on Figure 48. Many of these illustrative projects are conceptual ideas that are not yet well defined. Further detailed studies would be needed to define the project need, scope, cost, schedule, etc. It is important to note that the projects listed in Table 35 have not yet been prioritized; the MPO may choose to prioritize these ideas over time. Advancing them would typically involve conducting feasibility/needs studies, considering environmental impacts, identifying available funding, determining implementation responsibilities, and developing a feasible schedule for construction.
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Table 35: Franklin County Illustrative Projects
Map Potentially Project Illustrative Project Project Type Reference Description Municipality Origin Timeframe Federal-Aid Cost # Eligible
Grant & 5th Install signal or Near-term Intersection Safety 1 Chambersburg PI Yes roundabout 2019-2023 Improvement Southampton Possum Hollow Road Mid-term Congestion 2 Southampton M, PN No $2,500,000 Township Connector to US 11 Connector 2024-2030 Upgrade interchange M, PN, Mid-term I-81, Exit 5 Safety 3 to improve safety and Antrim Yes PI 2024-2030 reduce congestion Widen US 30 to 5 lanes from Spring Valley Mid-term US 30 East Congestion 4 Guilford PN Yes Road to SR 1008 W. 2024-2030 Fayetteville Widen US 30 to 5 lanes Guilford/ Long-term US 30 East Congestion 5 from SR 1008 W. PN Yes Greene 2031-2045 Fayetteville to PA 997 Widen US 30 to 5 lanes from SR 4013 Mid-term US 30 West Congestion 6 Hamilton M, PN Yes Sollenberger Road to 2024-2030 PA 995 Roundabout or signal Mid-term US 30 St. Thomas Safety 7 at US 30/SR 3013 St. Saint Thomas PN, PI Yes 2024-2030 Thomas-Williamson Rd.
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Map Potentially Project Illustrative Project Project Type Reference Description Municipality Origin Timeframe Federal-Aid Cost # Eligible
Install signals at Parkwood, Walker, and Grand Point Rd. Extend 5th Ave. to N. Chambersburg provide connectivity Near-term Improvement Project – Safety 8 Greene M Yes between Parkwood and 2019-2023 Phase II Kohler. Construct roundabouts at 5th and Kohler & 5th and Parkwood. Move US 11 NB from Near-term US 11 Derbyshire Congestion 9 Garfield St. to Chambersburg M Yes 2019-2023 Derbyshire St. Convert US 30 EB from Sollenberger to Black Avenue to one way EB Near-term US 30 Loudon/Black Congestion 10 Chambersburg M Yes and widen Black 2019-2023 Avenue between US 30 EB & WB Link the Village of Conococheague Scotland and Greene Greene & Near-term Trail 11 M Yes $2,000,000 Trailway - Phase 1 Township Park with Guilford 2019-2023 Norlo Park Connect Wilson College to Siloam Road Conococheague Near-term Trail 12 by extending the Greene M Yes $750,000 Trailway - Phase 2 2019-2023 Chambersburg Rail Trail Conococheague Extend Phase 2 to Mid-term Trail 13 M Yes $700,000 Trailway - Phase 3 Northwood Park 2024-2030
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Map Potentially Project Illustrative Project Project Type Reference Description Municipality Origin Timeframe Federal-Aid Cost # Eligible
Begin in Caledonia Conococheague State Park and extend Mid-term Trail 14 Greene M Yes $500,000 Trailway - Phase 4 westward into Greene 2024-2030 Township
Complete remaining Conococheague Mid-term Trail 15 links from previous M Yes $4,500,000 Trailway - Phase 5 2024-2030 phases
Separate Appalachian PA 16 Pedestrian Grade Trail crossing on PA 16 Mid-term Safety 16 Washington PN Yes Separation with pedestrian 2024-2030 underpass or overpass Separate Appalachian US 30 Pedestrian Grade Trail crossing on US 30 Near-term Safety 17 Greene PN Yes Separation with pedestrian 2019-2023 underpass or overpass Chambersburg, Widen I-81 to six lanes PN, PI, Mid-term Interstate 81 Congestion 18 Guilford & Yes from Exit 12 to Exit 20 M 2024-2030 Greene Widen I-81 to six lanes PN, PI, Long-term Interstate 81 Congestion 19 from State Line to Exit Antrim, Guilford Yes M 2031-2045 12 Widen I-81 to 6 lanes from Exit 20 to Green & PN, PI, Long-term Interstate 81 Congestion 20 Yes Cumberland County Southampton M 2031-2045 line
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Map Potentially Project Illustrative Project Project Type Reference Description Municipality Origin Timeframe Federal-Aid Cost # Eligible
New roadway from Gehr Rd. to PA 997, including improve- Washington Township Near-term Congestion 21 ments to the PA 997 Washington M, PN No Blvd. 2019-2023 intersection and Tomstown Road intersection Washington Township New roadway from PA Mid-term Congestion 22 Washington M, PN No Blvd. 997 to PA 316 2024-2030 Construct new roadway Near-term Archer Drive Extended Congestion 23 Guilford M No $1,044,000 from PA 914 to T-820 2019-2023 Closing of Lighthouse Guilford Township Near-term Safety 24 Rd. rail at-grade Guilford M No Railroad Crossings 2019-2023 crossing New roadway from T- Near-term Third Street Extended Congestion 25 Guilford M No $1,734,000 458 to PA 914 2019-2023 Southwest New roadway from US Long-term Chambersburg Truck Congestion 26 Chambersburg M No 30 to US 11 2031-2045 Relief Route Near-term US 30 & PA 997 Signal Safety 27 Upgrade signal Greene PI Yes 2019-2023 PA 316 & Kriner Road Upgrade signal for left Near-term Congestion 28 Guilford PI Yes Signal turn phasing 2019-2023
Extend the CVRT from Near-term CVRT Trail Extension Trail 29 Shippensburg to Southampton M Yes 2019-2023 Chambersburg
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Map Potentially Project Illustrative Project Project Type Reference Description Municipality Origin Timeframe Federal-Aid Cost # Eligible
Construct roundabout PA 75 & Landis Rd for traffic calming and Mid-term Intersection Safety 30 Mercersburg PI Yes improve pedestrian 2024-2030 Improvements facilities
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Figure 48: Illustrative Projects
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MPO Action Plan Five specific transportation goals were established to shape the future of transportation in Franklin County. These goals, which are consistent with the overall statewide long-range plan, are intended to ensure that resources are directed to the types of projects and actions that will most effectively achieve Franklin County’s transportation vision. These five goals, introduced in the Vision, Goals, and Performance Measures section, are listed again in Figure 49 for reference.
Figure 49: LRTP Goals
To ensure the implementation of the overall county vision and the five transportation-specific goals, a series of action items are identified in Table 36. These actions were identified through extensive analysis of data (System Overview), municipal outreach, public involvement, stakeholder outreach, or a combination of these sources.
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These actions will move the plan forward to support county transportation goals and the federal planning factors, also presented earlier and provided again for reference in Figure 50. The Action Plan identifies the timeframe and responsible entities for each action. The MPO will report the status of action implementation and continually identify new actions as warranted.
Figure 50: Federal Planning Factors
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Table 36: Action Plan
Action Supports which goals and Responsible Entity Timeframe (reference number does not indicate priority) planning factors?
Partner with the Harrisburg, Hagerstown, and Lebanon 1 MPOs to develop a regional framework, funding plan, and PennDOT, MPO Ongoing schedule for improving safety and capacity on Interstate 81.
Ensure that any asset management activities within the I-81 PennDOT, MPO right-of-way, such as bridge replacements, anticipate and Ongoing 2 municipalities accommodate future roadway capacity-increasing projects.
Work with municipalities along the I-81 corridor to avoid conflicts (e.g., roadway noise-impacted land uses, ensure the PennDOT, MPO, availability of rights-of-way needed for future mainline and Ongoing 3 municipalities interchange expansion, accommodate stormwater
management activities, etc.
Assess the need to update municipal ordinances to include 4 access management and other transportation-related MPO, municipalities Ongoing requirements.
Assess all asset management-related projects, such as PennDOT, MPO, resurfacing and bridge replacements, for accommodation of Ongoing 5 municipalities pedestrians, bicycles, and buggies.
Encourage direct warehousing access to rail lines through MPO, municipalities, local land use ordinances and planning. This action has the Ongoing 6 Norfolk Southern, CSX potential to reduce the role of trucks to service warehouses.
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Action Supports which goals and Responsible Entity Timeframe (reference number does not indicate priority) planning factors?
Work with employers, stakeholders, and Commuter Services MPO, rabbittransit, 7 of Pennsylvania to identify and implement transportation Commuter Services of PA, Ongoing options for employees without personal vehicle access. FCADC
PennDOT, MPO, Prioritize and conduct road safety audits. Ongoing 8 municipalities
PennDOT, MPO, Evaluate at-grade rail crossings to determine if safety municipalities, CSX, Ongoing 9 upgrades are needed or if closing crossings is warranted. Norfolk Southern, PUC
Ensure Highway Occupancy Permit (HOP) and municipal driveway permit design decisions consider LRTP-identified projects. The HOP permit should facilitate and accommodate PennDOT, MPO, Ongoing 10 the scope of the identified project. This will lead to easier municipalities project implementation and potentially reduce the cost of the LRTP project.
Identify and track reconstruction/resurfacing projects several years before construction and notify local governments, PennDOT, MPO, utility owners, etc., so they can perform utility Ongoing 11 municipalities upgrades/maintenance before the LRTP project is designed
and constructed.
Provide opportunities for public access and participation in 12 MPO Ongoing the MPO planning process.
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Action Supports which goals and Responsible Entity Timeframe (reference number does not indicate priority) planning factors?
Encourage the municipal use of PennDOT’s Highway Transfer Program (turnback program) for low-volume state- PennDOT, MPO, 13 Ongoing owned roadways. This would improve their generally poor municipalities pavement conditions.
Facilitate the development and meetings of a technical advisory committee to the MPO. This permanent committee may include a dedicated MPO staff member or other 14 MPO, municipalities Ongoing resources, and should coordinate issues of concern of both the municipalities and the MPO, including the Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP).
Coordinate with surrounding MPOs and RPO to maintain the MPO Ongoing 15 overall safety and operation of the transportation network.
Promote and communicate passenger eligibility MPO, rabbittransit Ongoing 16 requirements for rabbittransit demand-response service.
Identify locations and neighborhoods that need updated or new sidewalks, bike paths, and other improvements. Safety and connectivity to schools, neighborhoods, employment, PennDOT, MPO, Ongoing 17 and commercial centers are the highest priorities. Identify municipalities best practices, funding opportunities, and the ability to implement projects through the land development process.
Monitor the progress, development, and deployment of 18 connected vehicles (CV) and automated vehicles (AV). PennDOT, MPO Ongoing Accommodate CV/AV in project design when appropriate.
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Action Supports which goals and Responsible Entity Timeframe (reference number does not indicate priority) planning factors?
Improve tracking of funding sources to allow the MPO and 19 municipalities to be better positioned for grant funding MPO, municipalities Ongoing opportunities.
Identify, develop, and implement performance measures that report on the status of LRTP implementation. The PennDOT, MPO Ongoing 20 performance measures should reflect statewide and MPO priorities.
Support the environmental strategies contained in the 2012 Franklin County Comprehensive Plan and the mitigation 21 PennDOT, MPO Ongoing strategies outlined in the Environmental, Historical, and Cultural Constraints chapter of this plan.
Examine the need to provide designated areas for truck parking and queuing in proximity to large truck traffic generators. Encourage private sector development of these MPO, municipalities, local Near-term
22 facilities and incorporate through local land use ordinances industry representative 2019–2023 the provision of truck queuing and parking options at warehouses and other truck traffic generators.
Facilitate a feasibility study of the provision of cost-effective transit services and/or methods such as “micro-transit” to PennDOT, MPO, Near-term residents who do not qualify for subsidized on-demand municipalities, local 23 2019–2023 transit service. This study must identify a transit need, employers
potential operator, cost, and areas to be served.
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Action Supports which goals and Responsible Entity Timeframe (reference number does not indicate priority) planning factors?
Examine the feasibility and need to extend the Shippensburg–Harrisburg commuter bus service into MPO, rabbittransit, Near-term
24 Franklin County and provide new commuter bus service from Washington County 2019–2023 Franklin County south into Hagerstown/Washington County.
Develop a program to systematically ensure the safety and Near-term MPO, municipalities 25 maintenance of municipal-owned 8- to 20-foot bridges. 2019–2023
Anticipate—through local ordinances and comprehensive planning—warehouse and other significant development Near-term 26 MPO, municipalities impacts to I-81 exits as well as Exit 189 (Willow Hill) and Exit 2019–2023 201 (Blue Mountain) of the Pennsylvania Turnpike.
Improve alternative routes along the I-81 corridor to Near- and PennDOT, MPO, accommodate detours during incidents along I-81 and Mid-term 27 municipalities provide alternatives for local traffic. 2019–2030
Improve access and wayfinding from the Pennsylvania PennDOT, Pennsylvania Near- and 28 Turnpike Exit 201 (Blue Mountain) to I-81, Letterkenny, Turnpike Commission, Mid-term Chambersburg, and Shippensburg. MPO, municipalities 2019–2030
Mid-term Develop a freight plan as a component of the MPO’s LRTP. MPO 29 2024–2030
Develop a non-motorized transportation plan as a Mid-term 30 MPO component of the MPO’s LRTP. 2024–2030
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Action Supports which goals and Responsible Entity Timeframe (reference number does not indicate priority) planning factors?
Examine the need for improvements from Exit 20 to the Letterkenny Army Depot, including access to the Franklin Mid-term 31 MPO, Greene Township County Airport. This study will support the concept of a new 2024–2030 access point to the depot from PA 997. Examine the need for improved access to and from the Waynesboro and Washington Township area. This includes PennDOT, MPO, Mid-term
32 access to Chambersburg, I-81, Hagerstown, and Adams municipalities 2024–2030 County/US 15.
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