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Explosive Shaped Charge Penetration Into Tuff Rock SANDIA REPORT SAND88 - 2338 • UC - 35 Unlimited Release Printed October 1988 Explosive Shaped Charge Penetration Into Tuff Rock M. G. Vigil Prepared by Sandia Natiqnal Laboratories Ai~uquerque, New Mexico 87185 and Livermore, California 94550 for the United States Departmen~ of Energy under Contract DE-AC04-76DPOO789 When printing a copy of any digitized SAND Report, you are required to update the markings to current standards. SF2900Q(S-S1) Issued by Sandia National Laboratories, operated for the United States Department of Energy by Sandia Corporation. NOTICE: This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Govern­ ment nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, nor any of their contractors, subcontractors, or their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government, any agency thereof or any of their contractors or subcontractors. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government, any agency thereof or any of their contractors or subcontractors. Printed in the United States of America Available from National Technical Information Service U.S. Department of Commerce 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA 22161 NTIS price codes Printed copy: A04 Microfiche copy: AOI SAND88~2338 UC-35 Unlimited Release Printed October 1988 EXPLOSIVE SHAPED CHARGE PENETRATION INTO TUFF ROCK Manuel G. Vigil Explosive Subsystems Division Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque, NM 87185-5800 ABSTRACT Analysis and data for the use of E~plosive Shaped Charges (ESC) to generate holes in tuff rock formation is presented. The ESCs evaluated include Conical Shaped Charges (CSC) and Explosive Formed Projectiles (EFP). The CSCs vary in size from 0.158 to 9.1 inches inside cone diameter. The EFPs were 5.0 inches in diameter. Data for projectile impact angles of 30 and 90 degrees are presented. Analytically predicted depth of penetration data generally compared favorably with experimental data. Predicted depth of penetration versus ESC standoff data and hole profile dimensions in tuff are also presented. 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The author wishes to thank those persons who contributed to this study, namely, Donnie Marchi, 2512, for fabrication of test setup hardware, obtaining all test measurements, and involvement in conducting the tests. Duane Smith, 7173, and Dave Kessel, 7173, coordinated the scheduling, setup of safety procedures and arming and firing for these tests. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction .................................................................... :.......................................... 8 II. Development ............................................................................................................. 9 Tuff Rock Formation ........... ,....... ................ ,............... :....................................... ,... 9 Conical Shaped Ch~rges ~ ........................................................................................ 9 Predicted esc Jet Penetration ............. ,.... ,...................... ...................................... 10 CSC Test Results ...................................................................................................... 10 Explosive Formed Projectile .................................................................................. 10 Predicted EFP Slug Penetration ............................................................................ 11 EFP Test Results ...................................................................................................... 12 III. ' Summary .; .................................................................................................................. 13 IV. References .................................................................................................................. 14 Tables ..................................................................................................................................... 16 Figures ..... ,....................................................................... ,.... ;................................................ 22 Distribution ......... :... ....... ,.. ;. ................................. ,. ................................................................. 83 5 TABLES I Historical Background for Conical Shaped Charges (CSC) .............................. 16 II Explosive Shaped Charge Parameters .................................................................. 16 III Shaped Charge/Tuff Penetration Tests at Tonopah .................... ;.................... .18 IV EFP Parameters ....................................................................................................... 19 V Explosive Formed Projectile Slug Parameters ................................................... .20 VI Predicted CSC Jet Penetration in Tuff ........... :.................................................... .21 FIGURES Figure 1 General Explosive Shaped Charge tuff Target Configuration.......................... 22 2 General Explosive SHaped Charge Configuration .. ~ ..................................... :.... 23 3 Hydrocode Simulation of a 42 0 Conical Shaped Charge, Initial Liner Configuration, and Jet Slug Formation at 40 and 60 j.LS ..........................................................................................................24 4 Hydrocode Simulation of Jet Formation From a Hemispherical Shaped Charge For the Point-Initiated Case at Three Times After Detonation .............................................................................. 25 5 Slug Shape for 5 Inch-Diameter EFP at 200 j.LS After Detonation .................. .26 6 Steel, Hollow Tube with High Pressure Hose Attached For Cleaning Holes in tuff Formation .................................................................. 27 7 Steel Tape Used to Measure Hole Depth ............................................................ 29 8 Solid Steel Rod Used to Measure Hole Depth ................................................... 31 9 General Conical Shaped Charge Cross-Section Parameters ............................ 33 10 Basic Conical Shaped Charge Cross-Section ....................................................... 34 11 Optimized Conical Shaped Charge Configuration ...................................... ....... 35 12 Conical Shaped Charge Configuration ................................................................. 36 13 CSC Development Test Housing Configuration ................................................ .37 14 3.86 Inch Diameter CSC Cross-Section ................................................................ 38 15 4.66 Inch Diameter CSC Cross-Section ................................................................ 39 16 M2A3 Conical Shaped Charge Coniguration ..................................................... .40 17 M3 9.125 Inch Diameter CSC Cross Section ...................................................... 41 18 Conical Shaped Charge Copper Jet ...................................................................... 42 19 Film Cassette #2 Showing Jet Tip at 201 j.LS from Detonation ........................ .43 6 Figures cont'd 20 Flash X-Ray Triple Exposure of Cassette #1.. ................................................... .44 21 0.158 Inch Diameter CSC Penetration Versus Standoff ................................... .45 22 3.86 CSC Jet Penetration Versus Standoff for a TuffTarget.. ......................... .46 23 4.66 CSC Jet Penetration Versus Standoff for a Tuff Target.. ......................... .47 24 6.986 Inch Diameter M2A3 CSC penetration Versus Standoff ....................... .48 25 9.125 Inch Diameter M3 CSC ................................................................................ 49 26 Conical Shaped Charge Jet Penetration into Welded Tuff Formations at Tonapah Test Range ............................................................ .50 27 Shaped Charge Orientations Relative to Tuff Formation Surface ................................................................................................... 51 28 3.86 Inch Diameter CSC Test Configuration ...................................................... .53 29 3.86 Inch Diameter CSC Generated Hole in Tuff.. ........................................... .55 30 4.66 Inch Diameter CSC Test Configuration ....................................................... 57 31 4.66 Inch Diameter CSC Generated Hole in Tuff.. ........................................... .59 32 7.0 Inch Diameter CSC Test Configuration ......................................................... 61 33 7.0 Inch Diameter CSC Generated Hole in Tuff.. .............................................. 63 34 9.125 Inch Diameter CSC Test Configuration ..................................................... 65 35 9.125 Inch Diameter CSC Generated Hole in Tuff ............................................ 67 36 Conical Shaped Charge Jet Entrance Hole Diameter in Tuff as a Function of CSC Cone Inside Diameter ......................................... 69 37 Conical Shaped Charge
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