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Descriptions and Notes on the Genus Paradossenus in the Neotropical Region (Araneae, Trechaleidae)

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Descriptions and Notes on the Genus Paradossenus in the Neotropical Region (Araneae, Trechaleidae) 2000. The Journal of Arachnology 28:7±15 DESCRIPTIONS AND NOTES ON THE GENUS PARADOSSENUS IN THE NEOTROPICAL REGION (ARANEAE, TRECHALEIDAE) Antonio D. Brescovit1; Josue Raizer2 and Maria EugeÃnia C. Amaral2: 1Lab. ArtroÂpodes PecËonhentos, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil, 1500, CEP 05503-900, SaÄo Paulo, SP, Brazil; and 2Depto de Biologia, Centro de CieÃncias BioloÂgicas e de SauÂde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil, C. Postal 549, CEP 79070-900. ABSTRACT. Three Brazilian species of the genus Paradossenus F.O. Pickard-Cambridge 1903 are included in this paper: Paradossenus minimus (Mello-LeitaÄo 1940), whose holotype was located and is here redescribed; Paradossenus corumba new species is described from Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil and preliminary data on its biology are presented. Morphological data and new records of P. longipes (Tac- zanowski 1874) are included. Keywords: Paradossenus, Trachaleidae, Araneae, Neotropical region The genus Paradossenus F.O. Pickard- new species is common in the study area, en- Cambridge 1903 was revised by Sierwald abling preliminary observations on its biolo- (1993) and includes three neotropical species: gy. P. longipes (Taczanowski), P. pulcher Sier- METHODS wald 1993 and P. caricoi Sierwald 1993. In the same paper, she synonymized the mono- The material examined belongs to the fol- typic genus Xingusiella (type species X. min- lowing collections: IBSP, Instituto Butantan, ima), described by Mello-LeitaÄo (1940) based SaÄo Paulo (A.D. Brescovit); MCN, Museu de on the illustration of the epigynum and char- CieÃncias Naturais, FundacËaÄo ZoobotaÃnica do acters presented in Mello-LeitaÄo's description. Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre (E.H. Buck- up); MCTP, Museu de CieÃncia e Tecnologia, The author also suggested that ``P. minimus PontifõÂcia Universidade CatoÂlica do Rio might be a fourth valid species in the genus Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre (A.A. Lise); Paradossenus'' (Sierwald 1993). MNRJ, Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro, Recently the holotype of Xingusiella mini- Rio de Janeiro (A. Kury); ZUFMS, ColecËaÄo ma was found in the MNRJ collection, mixed ZooloÂgica de RefereÃncia da UFMS, Univer- with other material of the family Pisauridae. sidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo The examination of this specimen con®rms Grande (L.O.I. Souza). Sierwald's supposition that the specimen be- The description format follows Brescovit & longs to this genus, and the species is here HoÈfer (1994) and the terminology used for the redescribed. While examining other Brazilian internal structures of the genitalia follows collections more P. longipes material was Sierwald (1993, 1996). All measurements are found, and its geographical distribution is here in millimeters. The epigyna were cleared in extended to include southern Brazil and north- clove oil to study internal structures. Data on ern Argentina specimens. A new species, P. aquatic plant association, web type and prey corumba, much smaller than P. minimus, was capture strategies of Paradossenus corumba collected by the second author (JR) in the pro- were obtained through ®eld observations of ject ``Biodiversidade da Fauna Associada a 61 individuals, where 35 were studied by an Macro®tas AquaÂticas'', which was being de- animal focal method (sensu Lehner 1979; total veloped in southern Pantanal ¯oodplain, Co- of 175 minutes of observations divided in 35 rumbaÂ, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil and was sessions of ®ve minutes each). These data organized by the third author (MEA). This were collected in temporary ponds in the 7 8 THE JOURNAL OF ARACHNOLOGY southern Pantanal ¯oodplain (between lateral lobes and middle ®eld with a median 198229±198339S and 578029±578039W) from depression (Figs. 3, 14). July 1994±April 1997. Description.ÐMale: (holotype). Colora- tion: carapace orange with grayish border and Paradossenus F.O. Pickard-Cambridge with brown median dorsal band. Chelicerae Paradossenus F.O. Pickard-Cambridge 1903: 155, yellow. Endites, labium and sternum yellow (type species by original designation, Parados- to white. Legs orange with brown longitudinal senus nigricans F.O. Pickard-Cambridge [5 Do- lomedes longipes Taczanowski 1874]). Sierwald bands in all articles. Abdomen orange-brown, 1993: 55. dorsally with grayish transversal bands and Xingusiella Mello-LeitaÄo 1940: 23, (type species by three pairs of longitudinal white spots. Ven- original designation, X. minima Mello-LeitaÄo. trally shiny white. Total length 2.65. Carapace First synonymized by Sierwald 1993: 55. Carico 1.30 long, 1.20 wide. Clypeus 0.10. Eye di- 1993: 231. ameters and interdistances: AME 0.10, ALE Diagnosis.ÐParadossenus can be distin- 0.08, PME 0.11, PLE 0.12; AME-AME 0.05, guished from other trechaleids by at least four AME-ALE contiguous, PME-PME 0.08, characters, three of which are presumably syn- PME-PLE 0.13, ALE-PLE 0.18. MOQ length apomorphies: male chelicerae with distinct 0.22, anterior width 0.21, posterior width elongated groove leading to the base of fang 0.31. Chelicerae with elongated groove, deep, on the anterior surface of paturon (Figs. 6, 19; next to base of fang on the anterior surface Sierwald 1993, ®g. 11), leg I extremely long, (Figs. 6, 11) and 3 promarginal teeth being the and presence of a distal tegular projection, not median largest and 3 retromarginal denticles pierced by the duct, in the male palp (Figs. 1, (Fig. 12). Labium 0.20 long, 0.17 wide. Ster- 17, 19; Sierwald 1990, ®g. 35; 1993, ®g. 12). num 0.75 long, 0.67 wide. Abdomen 1.40 An additional character would be the presence long. Leg measurements: I -femur 2.40; pa- of slightly to moderately-recurved posterior tella 0.70; tibia 2.40; metatarsus 2.40; tarsus eye row (Sierwald 1990, ®gs. 29, 30). The 1.00; total 8.90. II -2.00; 0.60; 1.90; 1.90; presence of four cheliceral teeth on the retro- 0.80; 7.30. III -1.30; 0.40; 0.90; 1.00; 0.35; margin, a character used as diagnostic by Sier- 3.95. IV -2.10; 0.50; 1.65; 2.10; 0.70; 7.05. wald (1990), was inconsistent. The species in- Leg spination: tibia I-II v2-2-0; III-IV v2-2-2. cluded in this work had a retromargin with Legs with plumose setae (Fig. 15). Bothrium three teeth (Fig. 12). of trichobothria with semicircular rim pre- senting longitudinal and slender striations Paradossenus corumba Brescovit & Raizer (Fig. 13). Palp: retrolateral tibial apophysis new species subtriangular, very slender at tip; retrolateral Figs. 1±6; 11±17; 23 ventral projection accentuated and globose Types.ÐMale holotype from CorumbaÂ, (Figs. 1, 16); cymbium with retrolateral basal Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, 1994, J. Raizer projection (Figs. 2, 16); tegulum with sperm col., deposited in IBSP 6901; 1? &1/ par- ducts forming two loops; conductor incon- atypes with same data of holotype, deposited spicuous; median apophysis with two branch- in IBSP 6902 and 6903; 1/ & 4 immatures es, one median rounded and the other distal from Passo do Lontra, Abobral Pantanal sub- bi®d (Figs. 1, 17). region, CorumbaÂ, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, Female: (IBSP 6904). Coloration as in male 27 November 1994, J. Raizer col., deposited except legs with more accentuated bands on in IBSP 6904. the articles and dorsum of abdomen darker. Etymology.ÐThe speci®c name is a noun Total length 2.30. Carapace 1.20 long, 1.10 in apposition taken from the type locality. wide. Clypeus 0.07 high. Eye diameters and Diagnosis.ÐThe male of Paradossenus interdistances: AME 0.10, ALE 0.05, PME corumba is distinguished from P. longipes 0.12, PLE 0.11; AME-AME 0.03, AME-ALE (Fig. 13; Sierwald 1990, ®gs. 34±36) by pres- 0.02, PME-PME 0.06, PME-PLE 0.12, ALE- ence of a retrolateral projection on the base of PLE 0.21. MOQ length 0.23, front width 0.18, the cymbium (Figs. 2, 16) and a median back width 0.26. Chelicerae not modi®ed, apophysis with a bi®d distal branch (Figs. 1, with 3 promarginal teeth, the second basal be- 17); the female of P. corumba differs from P. ing larger than others and 3 large retromar- minimus by the sclerotized internal border of ginal teeth. Labium 0.15 long, 0.20 wide. BRESCOVIT ET AL.ÐNEOTROPICAL PARADOSSENUS 9 Figures 1-6.ÐParadossenus corumba new species, male. 1, Left palp, ventral view; 2, Left palp, retrolateral view; 3, Epigynum in ventral view; 4, Epigynum in dorsal view; 5, Epigynum in dorsal view (variation from Porto Cercado, Mato Grosso do Sul); 6, Male chelicera, anterior surface. Abbreviations: cp, basal projection of cymbium; dtp, distal tegular projection; e, embolus; ll, lateral lobes; ma, median apophysis; mf, middle ®eld; st, subtegulum; t, tegulum. Scale bars 5 0.25 mm. Sternum 0.65 long, 0.60 wide. Abdomen 1.30 2.70; carapace 1.20±1.30; femur I 2.00±2.40. long. Leg measurements: I -femur 1.50; pa- Six females: total length 2.30±3.50; carapace tella 0.50; tibia 1.40; metatarsus 1.40; tarsus 1.20±1.50; femur I 1.50±2.10. The females 0.55; total 5.35. II -1.40; 0.50; 1.25; 1.20; from Porto Cercado are darker, and the head 0.50; 4.85. III -1.05; 0.30; 0.70; 0.80; 0.30; of true spermathecae can be very slender (Fig. 3.15. IV -1.50; 0.45; 1.05; 1.55; 0.50; 5.15. 5). Leg spination as in male. Epigynum: epigynal Natural history.ÐParadossenus corumba folds very narrow; middle ®eld short, not cov- was observed associated with nine aquatic ering the epigastric furrow, with an anterior plants: Eichhornia azurea (Sw.) Kunth and E. median depression; lateral lobes with narrow crassipes (Mart.) Solms-Laub.
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