This is a list of material related to the Gates of the Arctic National Park resident zoned communities which are not found in the University of Alaska system. This list was compiled in 2008 by park service employees.
BOOKS: Douglas, Leonard and Vera Douglas. 2000. Kobuk Human-Land Relationships: Life Histories Volume I. Ambler, Kobuk, Shungnak
Woods, Wesley and Josephine Woods. 2000. Kobuk Human-Land Relationships: Life Histories Volume 2. Ambler, Kobuk, Shungnak
Kunz, Michael L. 1984. Archeology and History in the Upper Kobuk River Drainage: A Report of Phase I of a Cultural Resources Survey and Inventory. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve. Kobuk, Ambler, Shungnak
Aigner, Jean S. 1981. Cultural resources at Betty, Etivluk, Galbraith-Mosquito, Itkillik, Kinyksukvik, Swayback, and Tukuto Lakes in the Northern foothills of the Brooks Range, Alaska (incomplete citation, possibly incorrect date). Anaktuvuk Pass
Aigner, Jean. 1977. A report on the potential archaeological impact of proposed expansion of the Anaktuvuk Pass airstrip facility by the North Slope Borough. Anaktuvuk Pass
Alaska Department of Highways, Planning and Research Division. 1973. City of Huslia, Alaska; population 159. Allakaket, Alaska; population 174. Prepared by the State of Alaska, Department of Highways, Planning and Research Division in cooperation with U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. Allakaket
Alexander, Herbert L., Jr. 1968. Archaeology in the Atigun Valley. Expedition 2(1): 35-37. Anaktuvuk Pass
Alexander, Herbert L., Jr. 1967. Alaskan survey. Expedition 9(1): 20-29. Anaktuvuk Pass
Amsden, Charles W. 1977. Hard times: a case study from northern Alaska, and implications for Arctic prehistory. Paper presented to the symposium “Thule Culture: an Archaeological Retrospective” at the 10th Annual Meeting of the Canadian Archaeological Association May 6-7, 1977. Anaktuvuk Pass
Amsden, Charles W. 1972. But what happened in between: Nunamiut settlement and exploitive patterns 1900-1970. Paper presented at the symposium on the late prehistoric/historic Eskimos of Interior Alaska. 37th annual meeting of the society for American Archaeology, Miami, May 5, 1972. Anaktuvuk Pass
Amsden, Charles W. 1971. An analysis of recent Nunamiut Eskimo settlement patterns. Paper presented to the 70th annual meeting of the American Anthropological Association, New York, November, 1971. Anaktuvuk Pass
Arctic Environmental Information and Data Center. 1976. Community studies of the NANA Region: Ambler, Buckland, Deering, Kiana, Kivalina, Kobuk, Kotzebue, Noatak, Noorvik, Selawik, Shungnak. Anchorage: University of Alaska, Arctic Environmental Information and Data Center for the Alaska Department of Community and Regional Affairs. Ambler, Kobuk, Shungnak
Binford, Lewis R. 1976. Forty seven trips. In Contributions to Anthropology: The Interior Peoples of Northern Alaska. Edwin S. Hall Jr., ed. National Museum of Man Mercury Series, Archaeological Survey of Canada, Paper No. 49, Ottawa. Anaktuvuk Pass
Binford, Lewis R., and W. Chasko. 1976. Nunamiut demographic history: a provocative case. In Demographic Anthropology. E.B.W. Zubrow, ed. Pp. 63-143. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. Anaktuvuk Pass
Chrisler, Lois. 1958. Arctic Wild. New York: Secker and Warburg. Anaktuvuk Pass
Christensen, Neal A., and Alan E. Watson. 2002. Gates of the Arctic Kobuk River sport hunter study. Aldo Leopold Wilderness Research Institute, Missoula, Montana. Kobuk, Shungnak
Clark, Donald W. 1969. Archaeological survey on the Koyukuk River, Alaska. (Manuscript on file with Archaeological Survey of Canada, National Museum of Man, Ottawa.) Allakaket, Bettles/Evansville, Hughes
Clark, Donald W 1970. Archaeological surveys on the Koyukuk and Anderson Rivers: a narrative of fieldwork undertaken in 1970. MS 773. Archaeological Survey of Canada, National Museum of Man, Ottawa (archival collection). Allakaket, Bettles/Evansville, Hughes
N.D. Cultural sites in the proposed highway related development district. North Slope Borough. 25 pp
Corbin, James E. 1971. Aniganigurak (S-67): a contact period Nunamiut Eskimo village in the Brooks Range. In Final Report of the Archeological Survey and Excavation Along the Alyeska Pipeline Service Company Pipeline Route. Pp. 272-296 Anaktuvuk Pass
Corbin, James E 1976. Early historic Nunamiut house types: an ethnographic description with archaeological identification, comparison and validation. In Contributions to Anthropology: The Interior Peoples of Northern Alaska. National Museum of Man. Mercury Series. Archaeological Survey of Canada Paper No. 49. E.S. Hall, Jr., ed. Pp. 135-176. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada. Anaktuvuk Pass
Ellana, L. J., E. S. Burch, R. K. Nelson, G. & S. Gmelch, and G. K. Sherrod. 1989. Final research design: ethnographic study of the Northwest areas of the National Park Service in Alaska. (Report for the National Park Service). Alatna, Ambler, Kobuk, Shungnak
Englehard, Michael, Linda J. Ellana, and George K. Sherrod. 1993. Ethnohistoric insights into indigenous contact and land use on the Upper Kobuk and Koyukuk Rivers. (Report for the National Park Service). Alatna, Ambler, Kobuk, Shungnak, Allakaket, Bettles/Evansville, Hughes
Hickok, David M. 1974. Nunamiut experience and current approaches to subsistence harvest problems by the people of Anaktuvuk. Paper presented before the Federal-State Land Use Planning Commission for Alaska Conference on taking fish and game resources to meet subsistence needs. 15pp. Juneau, Alaska. Anaktuvuk Pass
Kaplan, Susan A. and Kristin J. Barsness. 1986. Raven’s journey: the world of Alaska’s Native people. Philadelphia: The University Museum, University of Pennsylvania. All communities
Kunz, Michael L. 1976b. Athabaskan/Eskimo interfaces in the Central Brooks Range Alaska. Paper presented at the Conference on Prehistory of the North American Subarctic: the Athabaskan question. Calgary. Anaktuvuk Pass, Bettles, Allakaket, Hughes, Wiseman
Larsen, Helge E. 1958. The material culture of the Nunamiut and its relation to other forms of Eskimo culture in Northern Alaska. Pp. 574-582 in Proceedings of the 32d International Congress of Americanists. Copenhagen, 1956. Anaktuvuk Pass
Libbey, David P. 1979. A proposed historic and cultural preservation district. North Slope Borough. 32pp. Anaktuvuk Pass and Nuiqsut
Pospisil, Leopold. 1964. Law and societal structure among the Nunamiut Eskimo. Pp. 395-431 in Explorations in Cultural Anthropology: Essays in Honor of George Peter Murdock. Ward H. Goodenough, ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. Anaktuvuk Pass
Wiggens, Ira L. 1953. North of Anaktuvuk. Pacific Discovery 6(3): 8-15. Anaktuvuk Pass
Arundale, Wendy H., ed. 19??. Johnson and Bertha Moses - Allakaket: two biographies. Unpublished manuscript on file with the Yukon-Koyukuk School District, Nenana, Alaska. Allakaket
Arundale, Wendy H., and Eliza Jones. 1984. Preliminary report Doyon Historic Sites Project – Koyukuk Area. [Unpublished report on file with Doyon, Ltd. 125p.] Allakaket, Bettles/Evansville, Hughes
Clark, Annette McFadyen. 1961-1972. Fieldnotes and records. MS. Archives of the Canadian Ethnology Service, National Museum of Man, Ottawa. Allakaket, Alatna, Bettles/Evansville, Hughes
Derry, David E. 1972. Later Athapaskan prehistory: a view from the North Slope, Alaska. Unpublished paper presented at the International Conference on the Prehistory and Paleoecology of the Western Arctic and Subarctic, Calgary. Wiseman
Goddard, Pliny E. 1906. Assimilations to environment as illustrated by Athapaskan peoples. In Proceedings of the International Congress of Americanists, 15th Session. Pp. 337-359. Allakaket, Bettles/Evansville, Hughes, Wiseman
Stuck, Hudson. 1906. Account of the founding of mission at Allakaket. (Manuscript in St. John’s-in-the-Wilderness Mission Record Book, Allakaket, Alaska.) Allakaket
Episcopal Church Collection. 1961. General church records from Allakaket. 1961-1969. Series 10, Box 2. Allakaket
Noatak Day School. 1969. Noatak, Past and Present. (Notes: Written and illustrated by 7th and 8th graders at Noatak Day School. Privately published.) Keywords: Noatak, history
Rouse, Irving, Robert C. Dunnell, and Edwin S. Hall. 1978. Archaeological essays in honor of Irving B. Rouse. The Hague, New York: Mouton. (Notes: Contents: Chang, K. C. Some theoretical issues in the archaeological study of historical reality.--Spaulding, A. C. Artifact classes, association and seriation.--Dunnell, R. C. Archaeological potential of anthropological and scientific models of function.--Coe, M. D. The churches on the Green.--Krause, R. A. Toward a formal account of Bantu ceramic manufacture.--Lipe, W. D. Contracts, bureaucrats and research.--Schwartz, D. W. A conceptual framework for the sociology of archaeology.--Campbell, J. M. Aboriginal human overkill of game populations.--Hall, E. S. Technological change in northern Alaska.--Quimby, G. I. Trade beads and sunken ships.--Byrne, W. J. An archaeological demonstration of migration on the northern Great Plains.--Trigger, B. G. The strategy of Iroquoian prehistory.--Brain, J. P. The archaeological phase.--Wagner, E. Recent research in Venezuelan prehistory.--Cruxent, J. M. and Vaz, J. E. Provenience studies of majolica pottery) Keywords: Arctic, archaeology, Inupiat, Nunamiut
Burch, Ernest S. 1980. Traditional Eskimo societies in Northwest Alaska. Suita, Osaka: National Museum of Ethnology. Proceedings Title: Alaska native culture and history: papers presented at the Second International Symposium, Osaka (National Museum of Ethnology). Keywords: Inupiat, Kotzebue Sound, Alaska
Cantwell, John C. 1889. A narrative account of the exploration of the Kowak River, Alaska (and) ethnological notes in Report of the Revenue Marine Steamer Corwin in the Arctic Ocean in the Year 1884. Washington: Government Printing Office. (Notes: Kowak River = Kobuk River) Keywords: Kobuk River, Arctic, Alaska, Inupiat, exploration, ethnology
Reed, Irving. 1931. Report on the placer deposits of the upper Kobuk goldfields, 1931. Alaska: Alaska Territorial Department of Mines. (Notes: Alaska "Territorial Department of Mines reports" or "TDM reports" are a collection of reports, notes and maps written by Dept. employees working out of several field offices throughout the territory. Series titles and numbers within the collection were retrospectively assigned with the exception of the few written after statehood (1959). Report contains information on the Northwestern Alaska Mining Region: Shungnak Quadrangle. Photocopy. Fairbanks, Alaska : Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, 1995. Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys; 794 University Ave., Ste. 200, Fairbanks, AK 99709-3645; USA; 907-451-5010) Keywords: Kobuk River, Alaska, mining
Smith, Philip Sidney and Henry Miner Eakin. 1911. Shungnak Region, Kobuk Valley and the Squirrel River placers, Alaska. Washington: Government Printing Office. Keywords: Mining, geology, exploration, Kobuk River Valley, Squirrel River, Alaska
Spearman, Grant. 1990. Killik River Archeological Survey, 1990. (Notes: Document Type: Draft Report to the National Park Service, Gates of the Arctic National Park. "The goals of the effort were to locate and assess the status of river side prehistoric sites, reportedly endangered by the possibility of indiscriminate collecting by river travelers, and to ground truth the locations, and document the remains, of a number of Nunamiut habitation sites previously recorded in ethnographic interviews...The report consists of several sections covering a description of the survey area, a history of previous archaeological research, the origin and history of the current project, a description of the project methodology, a narrative report of day to day activities, individual site reports, and accompanying appendices. These appendices include, among other things, an annotated place name and resource area map as well as an annotated description of the traditional summer and winter trail system mapped out by Nunamiut elders, for the portion of the Killik valley covered during this reconnaissance.")
Wooley, Chris and Bill Hess. 1999. Anaktuvuk Pass: Images of Inupiat Mountain Life. Produced for the National Park Service, the North Slope Borough, and the residents of Anaktuvuk Pass
ARTICLES: Anderson, D.D. 1970. Athapaskans in the Kobuk Arctic woodlands, Alaska. Canadian Archaeological Association Bulletin 2:3-12. Allakaket, Bettles/Evansville, Hughes
Anonymous. 1982. Cemetary, historical sites are revisited. Doyon, Ltd. Newsletter 10 (March): 3. Allakaket, Bettles/Evansville, Hughes, Wiseman
Arundale, Wendy H?1989. Historic land use processes in Alaska’s Koyukuk River area. Arctic 42(2):148-162. Allakaket, Bettles/Evansville, Hughes
Bader, Harry R. 1994. Identification and Analysis of Wiseman Community Area Subsistence Use Patterns. Report for the Cooperative Park Studies Unit. Seattle, Washington.
Thompson, Linda Kay. 1972. Wiseman: A Historical Study of the Wiseman Historic District. Prepared under contract for: Fairbanks District, Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Department of the Interior.
Will, Susan M. and P. K. Hotch. (no date). The Wiseman Historical District: A Report on Cultural Resources. Prepared for: Fairbanks District, Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Department of the Interior.
Scott, Carol P. 1998. Invitation to Dialogue: Land and Renewable Resource Use Over Time in Wiseman, Alaska. Technical Report NPS/CCSOUW/NRTR-98-03, NPS D-31. University of Washington and National Park Service.
Bang, Gisele. 1972. Dental caries and diet in an Alaskan Eskimo population. Skandinavian Journal of Dental Research 80: 440-444. Anaktuvuk Pass
Bang, Gisele. 1964. A comparison between the incidence of dental caries in typical coastal populations and inland populations with particular regard to the possible effect of a high intake of salt water fish. Sartryck ur Odontologisk Tiskrift 72(1). Anaktuvuk Pass
Bang, Gisele. 1961. Developmental microstructure and fluorine content of Alaskan Eskimo tooth samples. Journal of the American Dental Association 63: 67-75. Anaktuvuk Pass
Bang, Gisele. 1960. Fluoride contents of Alaskan Eskimo tooth samples. Technical report 59-7. Arctic Aeromedical Laboratory. Ladd Air Force Base. Anaktuvuk Pass
Bang, Gisele and Asbjorn Hasund. 1972. Morphologic characteristics of the Alaskan Eskimo dentition: 11 carabellis cusp. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 37(1): 35-40. Anaktuvuk Pass
Bang, Gisele and Asbjorn Hasund. 1971. Morphologic characteristics of the Alaskan Eskimo dentition 1: shovel shape of incisors. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 35(1): 43-48. Anaktuvuk Pass
Binford, Lewis R. 1980. Willow smoke and dog tails: hunter gatherer settlement systems and archaeological site formation. American Antiquity 45(1). Anaktuvuk Pass
Binford, Lewis R. 1978b. Dimensional analysis of behavior and site structure: learning hunting from an Eskimo stand. American Antiquity. Anaktuvuk Pass
Burch, Earnest 1971. The nonempirical environment of the Arctic Alaskan Eskimos. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 27(2): 148-165. Anaktuvuk Pass, Alatna, Ambler, Kobuk, Shungnak, Nuiqsut
Burch, Ernest S., Jr. 1972. The caribou/wild reindeer as a human resource. American Antiquity 37(3):339-368. Alatna, Ambler, Kobuk, Shungnak
Burch, Ernest S., Jr 1976b. The “Nunamiut” concept and the standardization of error. In Contributions to Anthropology: The Interior Peoples of Northern Alaska. National Museum of Man. Mercury Series. Archaeological Survey of Canada Paper No. 49. Edwin S. Hall, Jr., ed. Pp.52-97. Ottawa: National Museum of Man. Anaktuvuk Pass
Campbell, John M. 1959. The Kayuk Complex of Arctic Alaska. American Antiquity 25(1): 94-105. Anaktuvuk Pass
Campbell, John M 1961. The Kogruk Complex of Anaktuvuk Pass. Anthropologica 3(1): 1-13. Anaktuvuk Pass
Campbell, John M 1962b. Cultural succession at Anaktuvuk Pass, Arctic Alaska. Arctic Institute of North America Technical Paper No. 11, p. 39-54. Anaktuvuk Pass
Campbell, John M 1964. Ancient man in a cold climate: Eskimo origins. Science 145:13-23. Anaktuvuk Pass
Campbell, John M 1967. The upland plover in Arctic Alaska. The Murrelet 48(2): 28- 33. Anaktuvuk Pass
Campbell, John M 1968c. Birds of Chandler Lake, Brooks Range, Alaska. The Murrelet 49(2): 15-24. Anaktuvuk Pass
Campbell, John M 1968d. Subspecific status of Branta candensis in the Central Brooks Range Alaska. The Condor 71(1): 80-81. Anaktuvuk Pass
Campbell, John M 1969a. The owls of the Central Brooks Range, Alaska. The Auk 86(3): 565-568. Anaktuvuk Pass
Campbell, John M 1969b. The canvasback, common golden eye and bufflehead in Arctic Alaska. The Condor 71(1): 80-81. Anaktuvuk Pass
Campbell, John M. 1973. Archaeological studies along the proposed Trans-Alaska oil pipeline route. Arctic Institute of North America Technical Paper 26. Montreal. Wiseman
Clark, Annette McFadyen 1970a. Koyukon Athabascan ceremonialism. Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 2(1):80-83. Allakaket, Bettles/Evansville, Hughes
Clark, Annette McFadyen 1970b. The Athapaskan-Eskimo interface. Canadian Archaeological Association Bulletin 2:13-23. Allakaket, Alatna, Bettles/Evansville, Hughes, Ambler, Kobuk, Shungnak
Clark, Annette McFadyen 1974. Koyukon Athapaskan houses as seen through oral tradition and through archaeology. Arctic Anthropology 11(suppl.): 29-38. Allakaket, Bettles/Evansville, Hughes
Clark, Annette McFadyen 1976. Koyukuk Indian-Kobuk Eskimo interaction. Pp. 193- 220 in Contributions to Anthropology: The Interior Peoples of Northern Alaska. Edwin S. Hall, Jr., ed. Canada. National Museum of Man, Mercury Series, Archaeological Survey Paper 49. Ottawa. Allakaket, Alatna, Bettles/Evansville, Hughes, Ambler, Kobuk, Shungnak
Clark, Annette McFadyen 1981a. Historic sites on the Koyukuk River. Unpublished manuscript on file at the Ethnology Division, Canadian Museum of Civilization, Ottawa. Allakaket, Alatna, Bettles/Evansville, Hughes
Clark, Annette McFadyen 1981b. Koyukon. In handbook of North American Indians, Volume 6, Subarctic. June Helm, ed. Pp. 582-601. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution. Allakaket, Bettles/Evansville, Hughes
Clark, Annette McFadyen, and Donald W. Clark. n.d. Protohistoric and historic sites and traditional localities along the middle Koyukuk and its tributaries. (Draft manuscript, referenced in Andrews, E., 1977, Report of Cultural Resources of the Doyon Region, Central Alaska.) Allakaket, Alatna, Bettles/Evansville, Hughes
Cline, Michael S. 1969. Anaktuvuk Masks. Alaska Sportsman 35(4): 32-34. Anaktuvuk Pass
Darnell, Regna, ed. 1970. Special issue: Athapaskan studies. Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 2(1). Allakaket, Bettles/Evansville, Hughes, Wiseman
Foote, Don C 1966b. Eskimo stories and songs of the Upper Kobuk River. Unpublished manuscript, as cited in Burch, Arctic Anthropology 16(2), 1979. Ambler, Kobuk, Shungnak
Garber, Clark M. 1934. Some mortuary customs of the Western Alaska Eskimo. Scientific Monthly 39: 203-220. Ambler, Kobuk, Shungnak
Giddings, James L., Jr. 1941. Ethnographic notes, Kobuk River Region. Kiva 6/7: 25- 28. Ambler, Kobuk, Shungnak
Giddings, James L., Jr. 1961b. Cultural continuities of Eskimos. American Antiquity 27(2): 155-173. Ambler, Kobuk, Shungnak
Gormly, Mary. 1977. Early culture contact on the Northwest Coast, 1774-1795: analysis of Spanish source material. Northwest Anthropological Research Notes 11(1):1-80. Moscow, Idaho. Ambler, Kobuk, Shungnak (NOT SURE IF THIS APPLIES TO ALASKA)
Henry, David, and Kay Henry. 1965. Koyukon classificatory verbs. Anthropological Linguistics 7(4):110-116. Allakaket, Bettles/Evansville, Hughes
Henry, David, and Kay Henry 1969. Kinaak`a our language: Koyukon, Athapaskan Indian. Fairbanks: Summer Institute of Linguistics. Allakaket, Bettles/Evansville, Hughes
Henry, David, and Kay Henry 1969a. Koyukon locationals. Anthropological Linguistics 11(4): 136-142. Allakaket, Bettles/Evansville, Hughes
Irving, Lawrence. 1953. The naming of birds by Nunamiut Eskimo. Arctic 6(1):35-43. Anaktuvuk Pass
Irving, William N. 1951. Archaeology in the Brooks Range of Alaska. American Antiquity 17(1): 52. Anaktuvuk Pass
Johnson, William F., Conner Sorenson, and R. Greg Dixon. 1979. Alatna Cultural Resources Survey. Alatna
Kristoffersen, Tore and Gisle Bang. 1973. Periodontal disease and oral hygiene in an Alaskan Eskimo population. Journal of Dental Research 52(4): 791-796. Anaktuvuk Pass
Kroul, Mary V. 1974. Definitional domains of the Koyukon Athapaskan potlatch. Arctic Anthropology 11 (suppl.):39-47. Allakaket, Bettles/Evansville, Hughes
Pospisil, Leopold, and William S. Laughlin. 1963. Kinship terminology and kindred among the Nunamiut Eskimo. Ethnology 2(2):180-189. Anaktuvuk Pass
Raboff and Farrell. 1820. K’iil’it and Di’haii Gwich’in Distribution: 1820-1847. Map. http://www.ankn.uaf.edu/ANCR/Athabascan/AdelinePeterRaboff/PrelimStudyWesternG wichin/prelimfig6.html. Alaska Native Knowledge Network.
Ray, Dorothy Jean. 1965. Birch bark baskets of the Kobuk Eskimos. Alaska Sportsman 31(3):15-17. Ambler, Kobuk, Shungnak
Solecki, Ralph S. 1951b. Notes on two archaeological discoveries in northern Alaska 1950. American Antiquity 17(1): 55-57. Anaktuvuk Pass and Nuiqsut
Solecki, Ralph S. 1951c. Additional data on the Denbigh Flint Complex in Northern Alaska. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 41(3): 85-88. Anaktuvuk Pass and Nuiqsut
Spearman, Grant, Sverre Pedersen, and William Brown. 1979. Anaktuvuk Pass synopsis in Native livelihood and dependence: a study of land use values through time. National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska. In cooperation with the North Slope Borough. U.S. Department of the Interior. Anchorage, Alaska. Anaktuvuk Pass
Wooley, Chris and Bill Hess. 1999. Anaktuvuk Pass: Images of Inupiat Mountain Life. Produced for the National Park Service, the North Slope Borough, and the residents of Anaktuvuk Pass
Pulu, Tupou L. 1975. Aadi eent’aa? Allakaket Reader. Anchorage: Bilingual Programs, Alaska State-Operated Schools.
Giddings, J. L. 1957. Round houses in the Western Arctic. American Antiquity 23(2): 121-135. Keywords: Alaska, Choris, Denbigh, ASTt
Anderson, D.D. 1972. An archaeological survey of Noatak Drainage, Alaska. Arctic Anthropology 9(1): 66-117. (Notes: Upper Noatak = headwaters to Anisak R....surveyd by DA during "the latter part of June, 1964 (1 week survey)...flew to unnamed lake btw Kavacharak Tunukuchiak Creeks...Upper Noatak as hunting area during fall and winter for Kobuk Eskimos...middle river Kobukers travel to the Noatak via the Redstone across Ivishak Pass to the Cutler valley, or some travel the Ambler across Nakmaktuak Pass to Nushralutuk Creek and from there through Midas Creek...Located only one site, a rock shelter on the eastern side of Nashralutak Crk, ~ 3 miles below Nakmaktuak Pass..."site was apparently recent"...3 hearths, caribou bones and cut antler (apparently no testing)...lack of sites said to be explained by recent glaciation.) Keywords: Paleoarctic, blade cores, Alaska, Denbigh, ASTt, Northern Archaic
ETHNOGRAPHIC MATERIAL: Paneak, Simon. 1971. Indian and Kobuk disputes: hunting trips University of New Mexico, General Library Doris Duke Foundation Oral History Archive 314 Series includes a transcript of tape 842 Keywords: Kobuk, hunting, warfare, Inupiat, Athapaskan
VIDEO MATERIAL: Hall, Edwin S., Jr. 1995. Late Prehistoric villages in the Colville and Noatak River drainages. Highline Community College Video recording Keywords: Archeology, Noatak River, Inupiat
AUDIO MATERIAL: Spearman, Grant. Kunagrak (Greist) family travels into Killik River (1934) to Kobuk River (1937). Simon Paneak Memorial Museum (Spearman), IHLC (Barrow), UAF Oral History Dept. (Unverified) Audio recording (Notes: Grant Spearman conducted interviews with the above Greist family members in two different sessions. Levi was interviewed in Barrow prior to 1991 by Spearman. C1990-1991 Stephan and Nelson were recorded by Grant while they were visiting Anaktuvuk Pass. The Greist family arrived at Chandler Lake by boat in 1934 and then wallked to the Killik River where they met up with the Morrys and Paneaks (Nunamiut families). The Greist family's father (Kunagrak) died out in the Killik and his grave site is near Akmalik (?) Creek. After their father died in 1937, the family moved to the upper Kobuk River. See also Spearman's draft 1990 report entitled "Killik River Archeological Survey,1990" which contains narrative information on specific sites, some of which are associated with the travels of the Greists, Morrys, Paneaks, Hugos and others.) Alatna, Ambler, Anaktuvuk Pass, Hughes, Huslia, Kobuk, Shungnak, Nuiqsut, Wiseman