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Next Generation Kettle a Realisation of an Induction Cooktop Kettle with Automatic Deactivation

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Next Generation Kettle a Realisation of an Induction Cooktop Kettle with Automatic Deactivation DEGREE PROJECT IN DESIGN AND PRODUCT REALISATION, SECOND CYCLE, 30 CREDITS STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN 2021 Next Generation Kettle A Realisation of an Induction Cooktop Kettle with Automatic Deactivation JENNIFER LI IDA ÖSTLUND KTH ROYAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT Next Generation Kettle A Realisation of an Induction Cooktop Kettle with Automatic Deactivation Jennifer Li Ida Östlund Master of Science Thesis TRITA-ITM-EX 2021-378 KTH Industrial Engineering and Management Machine Design SE-100 44 STOCKHOLM Examensarbete TRITA-ITM-EX 2021:378 Nästa generations vattenkokare Utveckling av en vattenkokare med automatisk avstängning för induktionshäll Jennifer Li Ida Östlund Godkänt Examinator Handledare 2021-06-14 Claes Tisell Claes Tisell Uppdragsgivare Kontaktperson Svensk Konstruktionstjänst AB Niklas Svahn Sammanfattning KTH alumnerna Frida Bylund and Linnea Kåwe undersökte ett alternativt sätt att koka vatten på induktionshällar. Projektet utfördes år 2018 på företaget C3 Scandinavian Lifestyles vägnar. Idén bestod i att utveckla en mekanisk vattenkokare som stänger av sig själv när vattnet kokat upp till 100°C. Produkten skulle även uppfylla Skandinavers drömmar om ett minimalistiskt kök fritt från stökiga köksbänkar. Detta Masterexamensarbete är en fortsättning på Bylund och Kåwes arbete och utfördes tillsammans med Svensk Konstruktionstjänst AB mot C3 Scandinavian Lifestyle. Målet var att evaluera och utveckla mekanismen i produkten för att hitta en förfinad robust lösning. En funktionsprototyp skulle tas fram - den skulle visa på mekanismens duglighet och repeterbara funktionalitet. Ett designförslag skulle realiseras i form av renderingar och en fysisk uteseendemodell som inkluderade mekanismen. Projektet delades in i fyra faser: Frame of reference, Development of the mechanism, Evaluation of final prototype, Industrial design Proposal. Den första fasen bestod av att testa och evaluera Bylund och Kåwes mekanismförslag, samt att utföra en litteraturstudie vilken undersökte nyckelkomponenter och material för produkten. I fas två utfördes konceptgenerering och evaluering för konceptet. Metoder som: Crazy Eight´s, Brainstorming/Braindrawing, Structural and Shape variation, Negative brainstorming och Kriterieviktsmetoden användes. Den tredje fasen bestod av att konstruera en robust funktionsprototyp som repeterbart skulle kunna koka vatten. Användartester utfördes med prototypen och viktiga insikter samlades in med hjälp av Think Aloud metoden och Semi strukturerade intervjuer. Prototypen evaluerades även mot en framtagen kravspecifikation. Slutligen konstruerades ett designförslag av den mekaniska vattenkokaren i form av renderingar och en fysisk uteseendemodell, detta utfördes i projektets fjärde fas. En väl fungerande mekanism-lösning banade vägen för en fungerande prototyp. Prototypen kokade vatten 20 gånger i rad, med testerna löpande under tre dagar, utan problem. En 0,5 liter vatten kokades på 4 minuter och 45 sekunder. Koktiden var längre än önskvärt vilket berodde på att kannan var konvex på insidan, vilket resulterade i ett oönskat avstånd till induktionshällen uppstod. Detta resulterade i en förlorad effekt. Prototypen mätte upp till ca 1000W vid användning. En orsak till att effekten var låg i prototypen var då det ferromagnetiska materialet, som förser kontakten med induktionshällen, hade delvis hade förlorat sin magnetiska förmåga i och med värme som uppstått vid tillverkandet av komponenten. Resultatet hade varit annorlunda om kannan varit planare i botten och den ferromagnetiska komponenten hade varit tillräckligt magnetisk. Från ett hållbarhetsperspektiv skulle en mekanisk vattenkokare kunna vara mer hållbar än en elektrisk vattenkokare eftersom den inte in består av några elektriska komponenter. En livscykelanalys var utförd för att jämföra designförslaget för den mekaniska vattenkokaren med en elektrisk vattenkokare. En förenklad livscykelanalys visade att en mekanisk vattenkokare hade en bättre end-of-life potential i jämförelse med en elektrisk vattenkokare, däremot visade det sig att de valda materialen för den mekaniska vattenkokaren var listade som kritiska material vilket gjorde att koldioxidavtrycket för den mekaniska vattenkokaren var högre än förväntan. Detta kan sänkas om den mekaniska vattenkokaren inte kräver rena obehandlade material för dess komponenter. Syftet och målet med projektet uppnåddes, en lösning för en fungerande mekanism hittades och evaluerades - mekanismen visade sig att vara tillräckligt robust för vidare utveckling av produkten. Områden för vidare utveckling var; undersökande av funktionen med plastkomponenter och toleranser för mekanismen. Master of Science Thesis TRITA-ITM-EX 2021:378 Next Generation Kettle A Realisation of an Induction Cooktop Kettle with Automatic Deactivation Jennifer Li Ida Östlund Approved Examiner Supervisor 2021-06-14 Claes Tisell Claes Tisell Commissioner Contact person Svensk Konstruktionstjänst AB Niklas Svahn Abstract In 2018 KTH alumni Frida Bylund and Linnea Kåwe investigated, on behalf of C3 Scandinavian lifestyle, a new way of boiling water on an induction cooktop. The idea was to develop an induction kettle that shuts itself off when the water reaches 100°C. This product would fulfil the user desire to keep their kitchen counter minimalistic and clean from clutter and home appliance products. This thesis is a continuation of Bylund and Kåwe’s work and carried out together with Svensk konstruktionstjänst AB. The mechanism of the product was to be evaluated and developed, resulting in a refined solution. A repetitive prototype was to be built to present and ensure the functionality of the mechanism. Furthermore, a design concept was to be realised as renderings and a physical model, which included the mechanism. The project was divided into four phases: Frame of reference, Development of the mechanism, Evaluation of final prototype, Industrial design Proposal. The first phase consisted of testing and evaluating Bylund and Kåwe’s mechanism. Furthermore, a literature study was conducted to examine key components and materials for the product. The second phase consisted of generating concepts for the mechanism using the methods; Crazy eight´s, Brainstorming/Braindrawing, Structural and Shape variation and Negative brainstorming. The concepts were evaluated with the Weight criteria matrix to find the most suitable solution. The third phase consisted of building a robust and repetitive prototype which could be tested with users as well as evaluated against the requirements specification. The user tests were carried out with the Think aloud method and Semi structured interviews. Finally, a design proposal for the product was designed and presented with renderings and a physical model in the fourth phase. A solution for the mechanism was found and the functional prototype was successful. It could boil water 20 times in a row over the course of three days without failure - half a liter of water boiled in 4 minutes and 45 seconds. However, the prototype was only able to manage about 1000W which resulted in a long boiling time. The power drop was partly because the jug was convex in the bottom which created an unwanted distance to the induction cooktop, hence decreasing the transferred power. The second reason was most likely that the ferrous material, which established contact with the induction cooktop, had lost some of its magnetic properties during manufacturing of the prototype. If a better jug and ferrous material for the induction cooktop could be manufactured, the prototype would perform better. An induction kettle could be more sustainable than an electric kettle since it does not consist of electrical components. An eco-analysis was conducted to compare the design suggestion of the induction kettle with an electric kettle. The simplified life-cycle assessment showed that the induction kettle had better end of life potential than an electric kettle, however the materials selected for the induction kettle proved to be on the critical materials list which made the carbon footprint of the induction kettle higher than expected. This could be lowered if the induction kettle does not require virgin materials for its components. The purpose and the goal for the project was reached, a solution for the mechanisms was found and evaluated - the mechanism proved to be robust enough to further develop the product. Areas of future work were found; The housing and other plastic components has to be investigated further and the tolerances of the mechanism has to be customised for the solution. Acknowledgement This project would not have been possible without several helpful people guiding us through the course of this project. The project team would like to take this opportunity to properly acknowledge and thank them. The project would not have been possible without Ulf Bork, CEO at Empire Sweden, thank you for accepting us two students to work with your idea for the product. Thanks to all the staff at Svensk Konstruktionstjänst AB, SVEKON, for welcoming us to your offices and making us feel a part of your team. Especially thanks to Niklas Svahn and Mårten Andrén, our industrial supervisors from SVEKON. Without you this project would not have succeeded as well as it did, thank you for all the time invested in steering us in the right direction. A great thank you to our KTH supervisor Claes Tisell for a great supervision session and guidance with our thesis, it has been invaluable for us to have you as our sounding board throughout
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