17 Things to Do in Portugal's Azores Islands | AMA Travel
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Anexo Inglês.Indd
Annex 2: Additional Copy of Section B “Geological Heritage” of the Application Section B “Geological Heritage” GEOLOGICAL SUMMARY The Azores Archipelago is located in the North Atlantic, on the triple junction between the North American, Eurasian and African-Nubian plates. Volcanic and tectonic activities are well displayed in the geomorphology of the islands; the former includes 26 eruptions since the settlement, in early 15th century. The Azores Islands are formed by 16 major polygenetic volcanoes, most of them silicic and with summit subsidence calderas: nine of them are still active. Moreover, there are about 1750 monogenetic volcanoes in the archipelago, either dispersed along the flanks and inside the summit depression of the polygenetic volcanoes, either belonging to the 11 basaltic fissural volcanic systems located in different islands. These monogenetic centres include domes and coulées, tuff rings, tuff cones, maars, scoria and spatter cones, and eruptive fissures that together with other volcanic, tectonic, sedimentary, littoral and deep sea features may be considered as geosites and can embrace outstanding landscapes. B – Geological Heritage B1. Location of the proposed Geopark The Azores archipelago is located in the Atlantic Ocean, between the latitudes 36º56’ e 39º44’ North and the longitudes 24º47’ and 31º16’ West (Figure 5), and at the distance of 1815 km from the Mainland Portugal. ´ Figure 6 – General geodynamic framework of the Azores archipelago. From a geological point of view, all the Azores islands are of volcanic origin and are oceanic islands that emerged from the surrounding seafloor due to the progressively piled up of submarine volcanic products, a process that should have started about 36 million years (M.y.). -
The Azores the Nine Portuguese Islands of the Azores the Archipelago Is a True Paradise for Nature Are Situated in the Atlantic Ocean Between Lovers
Azores | Our chosen areas The Azores The nine Portuguese islands of the Azores The archipelago is a true paradise for nature are situated in the Atlantic Ocean between lovers. Vast craters nurturing glistening blue Europe and North America. They are separated lakes, sheer black cliffs falling into the ocean, into three groups: the Eastern group of São lush countryside, lofty mountain peaks and Miguel and Santa Maria; the Central group of hot mineral springs and geysers combine Terceira, Graciosa, São Jorge, Faial and Pico; to create truly spectacular scenery found and the Western group of Flores and Corvo. nowhere else in the world. W E STE RN I S L A N D S Corvo ATLANTIC • Vila Nova do Corvo OCEAN • Santa Cruz das Flores Flores Graciosa • Santa Cruz da Graciosa C E N T R A L I SLA NDS Terceira A • São Jorge Faial Velas • Z Angra do Heroísmo • • Madalena O Horta R Pico E S A São Miguel R C H I P E • L Ponta Delgada A G O E A S T ERN I S L A N D S Santa Maria UNIÃO EUROPEIA • Vila do Porto GOVERNO Fundo Europeu de DOS AÇORES Desenvolvimento Regional SUNVIL WEBSITE Within our brochure you will find a good selection of properties, suggested itineraries and regional information that Sunvil offer. However, for additional properties, photos, itineraries and general information on the Azores please visit our website ww.sunvil.co.uk/azores 48 | Sunvil 020 8758 4722 www.sunvil.co.uk Azores | Our chosen areas Eastern Islands - See pages 54-65 Western Islands - See pages 80-81 São Miguel is the largest of the nine islands Santa Maria is the oldest island of the Flores and Corvo, the westernmost islands of of the archipelago. -
Detailed Table of Contents
AMCS Bulletin 19 / SMES Boletín 7 5 CONTENTS X 11 X Symposium 2002 13 2002 Abstracts 29 2002 Papers paper abstract 13 Geology of Harrat Kishb. Saudi Arabia, in relation to the formation of lava tubes, Mahmoud A. Alshanti 13 Data base on Icelandic caves. James Begley 14 Ranking Azorean caves based on arthropod fauna, Paulo A. V. Borges 14 A data base and classification system for the Azorean volcanic caves. João Paulo Constância, João Carlos Nunes, and Teófilo Braga 15 Ranking Azorean caves based on geological, biological and conservation attributes. João Paulo Constância, Paulo Borges, Paulino Costa, João Carlos Nunes, Paulo Barcelos, Fernando Pereira, and Teófilo Braga 15 “Gruta das Torres” Project. Manuel P. Costa 35 16 Subcrustal Drainage Lava Caves; examples from Victoria, Australia. Ken Grimes 45 16 A small cave in a basalt dyke, Mt. Fyans, Victoria, Australia. Ken Grimes 19 Preliminary data on hyalocaves in Iceland: Location, formation and secondary mineralogy. Jakob Th. Guðbjartsson and Sigurður S. Jónsson 19 Proposals for future vulcanospeleological research in Iceland. Jakob Th. Guðbjartsson and Sigurður S. Jónsson 48 20 What is a lava tube? William R. Halliday 57 20 Caves of the Great Crack of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii. William R. Halliday 21 Investigation on Discharge Mechanism of Lava-Tube Cave. Tsutomu Honda 21 On lava stalactite formation in the hollow of tree molds of Mt.Fuji. Tsutomu Honda 23 Air Quality Measurements in Lava Tubes. Julia M. James 23 The mapping history of the Surtshellir/Stefánshellir cave system. Sigurður S. Jónsson 23 25 Years of Icelandic Cave Surveying - Jay R. -
Pahoehoe Spills Emited from the ‘Piquinho’ Cone That Overflowed in Different Points of the Crater, Along the East and Southeast Borders
Azores: Geology and Volcanic Activity Elaborated by: Portuguese students (Alexandra Silva, Filipa Rosa, Henrique Silva, Renato Cardoso, Samuel Goulart) Azores • The Azores, officially the Autonomous Region of the Azores, is one of the two autonomous regions of Portugal; • It is composed of nine volcanic islands situated in the North Atlantic Ocean; • They are located about 1,360 km west of continental Portugal. Azores • There are nine major Azorean islands in three main groups; • These are Flores and Corvo, to the west; Garciosa, Terceira, São Jorge, Pico e Faial in the centre; and São Miguel and Santa Maria to the east. Azores All the islands have volcanic origins, although some, such as Santa Maria, have had no recorded activity since the islands were settled. Pico Mountain, on the island of Pico, is the highest point in Portugal, at 2351 meters. Azores: Volcanic Structures • Azores landscapes are very diversified from island to island. • Sete Cidades, São Miguel Island In all of them we can observe volcanic structures. • Capelinhos, Faial Island Azores: Volcanic Structures • Caldeirão, Corvo Island • Pico Alto, Terceira Island Azores: Volcanic Structures • Central Volcanic Range, São Jorge Island • Pico Mountain, Pico Island Azores: Volcanic Structures • Iron Cascades, São Miguel Island • The Furnas Fumarole Field, São Miguel Island Azores: Geology • Due to the volcanic nature of the islands and the presence of many basaltic lava flows, the azorean archipelago displays a rich and diversified speleological heritage. • More than 250 natural caves are known in the Azores, corresponding to several tens of kilometers of underground passages. ‘Algar Do Carvão’, Terceira Island ‘Gruta Das Torres’, Pico Island ‘Furna Do Enxofre’, Graciosa Island Azores: Geology •These caves are: volcanic tubes and pits, fractures and eresonial caves, and sometimes a combination of all of this. -
Pico, the Mountain Island
Pico, the mountain island ABOUT Photo: Maurício de Abreu Pico, the mountain island With an area of 448km2, the Island of Pico is the second largest in the Azores and one that is home to Portugal’s highest mountain, also called Pico, at 2,351m above sea level. Often referred to as the Mountain Island, Pico forms one of the points of the so-called "triangle islands", being the most southerly of the central group of the archipelago, and just 6km from Faial. Pico’s hot, dry climate, together with the mineral-rich lava soil and the organisation of the land in a stunning mosaic of black stone - the "currais" (plots) – has meant a growing success in the cultivation of vines, predominantly of the Verdelho variety. Gradually, the wine and the brandy became more and more appreciated both on and outside the island, and Verdelho achieved international fame. It has long been exported to Europe and America, and at the time was even a feature on the dining table of the Russian Tsars. The extensive lava fields that dot the island’s landscape, which the local population calls "lajidos" or "cookie lands" form the Landscape of the Pico Island Vineyard Culture, declared World Heritage by UNESCO in 2004. Lajido da Criação Velha and Lajido de Santa Luzia are the best examples. On the black lava ground, the "rilheiras" - ruts left by the wheels of ox carts carrying the grapes and barrels – are worth seeing, and in the harbours and coves along the coast the "rola-pipas" - ramps excavated to make it easier to roll the barrels of wine to the boats, still remain as witnesses to the wine industry. -
Livro Candidatura INGLÊS Def Prod.Indd
CREDITS Texts: João Carlos Nunes, Eva Lima, Diana Ponte, Manuel Paulino Costa, Rita Castro Maps: Sara Medeiros Photos: Barroaçores-JCS, Diogo Caetano, Eva Almeida Lima, Ifremer/Atos/2001, João Carlos Nunes, Jorge Góis, J.Fontes/ImagDOP, Paulo Barcelos, Paulo Garcia, Sara Medeiros, SIARAM. Layout: Barro Açores Printed by: Marca_Eg Date: November, 2011 Edition: 100 ex. 2 Table of Contents APPLICATION 5 A – Identification of the Area 5 A1. Name of the proposed Geopark 5 A2. Surface area, physical and human geography characteristics of the proposed Geopark 7 A3. Organization in charge and management structure of the proposed Geopark 9 A4. Application contact person 11 B – Geological Heritage 11 B1. Location of the proposed Geopark 11 B2. General geological description of the proposed Geopark 12 B3. Listing and description of geological sites within the proposed Geopark 32 B4. Details on the interest of these sites in terms of their international, national, regional or local value 36 C - Geoconservation 36 C1. Current or potential pressure on the proposed Geopark 36 C2. Current status in terms of protection of geological sites within the proposed Geopark 40 C3. Data on the management and maintenance of these sites 40 C4. Listing and description of non-geological sites and how they are integrated into the proposed Geopark 44 D - Economic Activity & Business Plan 44 D1. Economic activity in the proposed Geopark 44 D2. Existing and planned facilities for the proposed Geopark 46 D3. Analysis of geotourism potential of the proposed Geopark 47 D4. Overview and policies for the sustainable development 47 D4.1. Overview and policies for the sustainable development of geo-tourism and economy 47 D4.2. -
Visit Azores
A PROTECTED HARBOR BETWEEN THREE CONTINENTS Azores Cruise THE AZORES ISLANDS An archipelago of nine Islands where tourists enjoy natural and unspoilt beauty. At the heart of an 11 day round trip cruise departing from Southampton, Lisbon or Tenerife, passengers will experience an incomparable destination. A few million years ago, fiery eruptions created a group of nine exotic islands now known as the Azores. They stretch out in the North Atlantic Ocean and are located about 800 miles from Lisbon and 1100 miles from North America. São Miguel, Terceira and Faial can accommodate the biggest cruise ships but Pico (very popular for shore excursions), São Jorge, Flores, Corvo, Graciosa or Santa Maria are perfect to welcome smaller expeditions cruise ships providing unforgettable experiences ashore. Out of total population of around 246.000 people, over half - 137.000 - inhabit São Miguel island while Terceira has a population around 56.000. Faial and Pico have a population of around 15.000 each. São Miguel Island, in combination with either Terceira or Faial and a selection of other ports of call en-route, can offer two very distinctive islands experiences. 3 CORVO TEMPERATURE CHART / Azores FLIGHT TIME TO AZORES FLORES AZORES Monthly average Monthly average New York 5h 00m Month air temperature ocean temperature Boston 4h 00m Celcius Fahrenheit Celcius Fahrenheit Copenhagen 4h 40m GRACIOSA Frankfurt 4h 00m TERCEIRA January 14,1 57,4 16,1 70 SÃO JORGE Helsinki 6h 15m February 13,6 55,6 15,5 59,9 FAIAL Lisbon 2h 00m March 14,3 57,7 15,4 59,7 April -
36º 55' 44'' N, 25º 01' 02'' W
36º 55’ 44’’ N, 25º 01’ 02’’ W - Azores, PORTUGAL The Azores 9 islands WESTERN Group CENTRAL Group EASTERN Group n a e c Azores O c i t n a l t A Population Total Area Coordinates Highest Point Sources: Population: SREA, Census 2011 | Highest Point: University of the Azores (UA) Coordinates:University of the Azores (UA) History th 1427 - Probable year of the discovery of the first islands of the Archipelago by Diogo de Silves. 15 1439 - Royal decree for the settlement of seven islands of the Azores. Century th 1452 - Discovery of the Western Group of islands, Flores and Corvo by Diogo de Teive. 16 Century Settlement of the Western Group of islands. - 1508 Birth of Gaspar Frutuoso, historian and chronicler of the Macaronesia. His most famous work is Saudades da Terra. - 1522 Creation of the Diocese of Angra and the islands of the Azores. - 1534 Last stand of the Portuguese resistance, then the Azores were finally submitted to Spanish rule. - 1583 17th Century 1642 - Withdrawal of the last Castilian troops from the Azores after the independence of Portugal was restored. Period of large emigration to Brazil. One of the periods when privateers and pirates were most active on the islands. 18th Century Beginning of the so-called “Orange Trade”, which brought prosperity from the export of the fruit, and lasted approximately one hundred years. - 1750 Expulsion of the Jesuits due to the reforms introduced by the Marquis of Pombal. - 1759/60 Creation of the General Captaincy, which aimed to unify the Azores under the same political-administrative institution. -
Catálogo Das Cavidades Vulcânicas Dos Açores
CATÁLOGO ALGARES VULCÂNICOS E GRUTAS LÁVICAS, DAS E DE EROSÃO MARINHA CAVIDADES VULCÂNICAS DOS AÇORES CATALOGUE VOLCANIC PITS, LAVA TUBE AND SEA-EROSION CAVES OF THE AZOREAN Fernando Pereira João C. Nunes Paulo A.V. Borges Manuel P. Costa VOLCANIC João P. Constância Paulo J. M. Barcelos Teófilo Braga Rosalina Gabriel CAVES Isabel R. Amorim Eva A. Lima Paulo Garcia Sara Medeiros CATÁLOGO ALGARES VULCÂNICOS Fernando Pereira E GRUTAS LÁVICAS, João C. Nunes DAS E DE EROSÃO MARINHA Paulo A.V. Borges Manuel P. Costa João P. Constância CAVIDADES Paulo J. M. Barcelos Teófilo Braga Rosalina Gabriel Isabel R. Amorim VULCÂNICAS Eva A. Lima Paulo Garcia Sara Medeiros DOS AÇORES Edição Associação Os Montanheiros/GESPEA CATALOGUE VOLCANIC PITS, 2015 LAVA TUBE AND SEA-EROSION CAVES OF THE AZOREAN VOLCANIC CAVES EDIÇÃO E FINANCIAMENTO (EDITION AND FUNDING) Associação Os Montanheiros/GESPEA AUTORES (AUTHORS) Fernando Pereira1,2,3 João Carlos Nunes1,2,4 Paulo Alexandre Vieira Borges1,2,3 Manuel Paulino Costa2,6 João Paulo Constância1,2 Paulo José Mendes Barcelos1,2 Teófilo Braga5 Rosalina Gabriel3 Isabel Amorim do Rosário1,3 Eva Almeida Lima4,5 Paulo Garcia5 Sara Medeiros4 1. Associação Os Montanheiros, Rua da Rocha, 8, 9700-169 Angra do Heroísmo, Açores, Portugal. 2. GESPEA – Grupo de Estudo do Património Espeleológico dos Açores. Direcção Regional do Ambiente. Rua Cônsul Dabney – Colónia Alemã, Apartado 140, 9900-014 Horta, Açores, Portugal. 3. CE3C – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores – Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, Açores, Portugal. 4. Universidade dos Açores, Departamento de Geociências, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Açores, Portugal. -
15 Borges AMCS19 Caves.Pdf
PROCEEDINGS OF THE X, XI, AND XII INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIA ON VULCANOSPELEOLOGY Collapse entrance to Dahl Um Quradi in Harrat Khaybar, Saudi Arabia. Photo by John Pint. PROCEEDINGS OF THE X, XI, AND XII INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIA ON VULCANOSPELEOLOGY Edited by Ramón Espinasa-Pereña and John Pint X Symposium September 9–15, 2002 Reykjavik, Iceland XI Symposium May 12–18, 2004 Pico Island, Azores XII Symposium July 2–7, 2006 Tepoztlán, Morelos, Mexico ASSOCIATION FOR MEXICAN CAVE STUDIES BULLETIN 19 SOCIEDED MEXICANA DE EXPLORACIONES SUBTERRÁNEAS BOLETÍN 7 2008 4 AMCS Bulletin 19 / SMES Boletín 7 Preface Held at the ex-Convent of Tepoztlán, in the state of Morelos, México, in July 2006, the XIIth Symposium of Vulcanospeleology was sponsored by the Sociedad Mexicana de Exploraciones Subterráneas (SMES), the Commission on Volcanic Caves of the International Union of Speleology (UIS), Grupo Espeleológico ZOTZ, the Association for Mexican Cave Studies, and the State of Morelos Section of the National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH). It gathered thirty-eight dedicated researchers and specialists from three continents, and over twenty-eight different papers were presented. During the symposium, the fact that no Proceedings had been published of the two previous symposia was discussed, so a request for these papers was made, with relative success. The abstracts and five papers from the 2002 symposium are therefore included, together with the abstracts and seven papers from the 2004 symposium. Together with the eighteen 2006 papers, this volume therefore includes 30 papers. Due to the success of the six field trips taken during and after the XII symposium, the guidebook is also included. -
Redalyc.Basis for the Geological Heritage Management in the Azores
Revista de Gestão Costeira Integrada - Journal of Integrated Coastal Zone Management E-ISSN: 1646-8872 [email protected] Associação Portuguesa dos Recursos Hídricos Portugal Lim, Eva Almeida; Nunes, João Carlos; Costa, Manuel Paulino; Machado, Marisa Basis for the geological heritage management in the Azores Archipelago (Portugal) Revista de Gestão Costeira Integrada - Journal of Integrated Coastal Zone Management, vol. 14, núm. 2, 2014, pp. 301-319 Associação Portuguesa dos Recursos Hídricos Lisboa, Portugal Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=388340107011 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Revista da Gestão Costeira Integrada 14(2):301-319 (2014) Journal of Integrated Coastal Zone Management 14(2):301-319 (2014) http://www.aprh.pt/rgci/pdf/rgci-484_Lima.pdf | DOI:10.5894/rgci484 Basis for the geological heritage management in the Azores Archipelago (Portugal) * Bases para a gestão do património geológico no arquipélago dos Açores (Portugal) Eva Almeida Lima @, 1, 2, 3, João Carlos Nunes 1, 2, Manuel Paulino Costa 4, 2 , Marisa Machado 2 ABSTRACT The Azores archipelago, with a peculiar geodynamic setting, presents a huge geodiversity and important geological heritage, being considered a natural laboratory of volcanic geodiversity. In the last decade, the geodiversity and geological heritage of the Azores archipelago is being inventoried, characterized, quantified, protected and promoted. Nowadays there are identified and characterized 121 geosites distributed through the nine islands and the surrounding seafloor. -
Oral Presentations
XI INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON VULCANOSPELEOLOGY AZORES - 2004 Oral Presentations SESSION I- VULCANOSPELEOLOGY OF THE AZORES ISLANDS “GRUTA DO CARVÃO” (CARVÃO CAVE) IN THE ISLAND OF S. MIGUEL (AZORES) AND ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION Teófilo BRAGA Amigos dos Açores, Ecological Association (Speleology Working Group), Avenida da Paz, 14, 9600-053 Pico da Pedra, S. Miguel, Azores. Email: [email protected] During the first International Meeting on Vulcanospeleology of the Atlantic Islands in 1992, the author presented a pioneer initiative for the Azores: a videotape about “Gruta do Carvão”.. Its main objectives were to provide teaching material in the field of volcanology (where there was a lack of such material) and also to promote environmental education. The present work is intended to provide a brief history of the “Amigos dos Açores” Association in publicizing the value of “Gruta do Carvão” as well as describing its activities since 1992. Main focus has been to demonstrate the importance of that volcanic cave for the purpose of environmental education, namely to create a knowledgeable public with necessary information, ability, mindsets and motivation to work to solve environmental problems. In addition to environmental workshops in various schools (primarily for grades 5 to 12) and intended to arouse environmental consciousness, between 1998 and 2003 the Association led 41 guided visits to Carvão Cave for 1,441 students. XI International Symposium on Vulcanospeleology, Azores – 2004 20 RAKING AZOREAN CAVES BASE ON MANAGEMENT INDECES João P. CONSTÂNCIA 1,5, Paulo A.V. BORGES 2,4, Manuel P. COSTA 3, João C. NUNES 2,5, Paulo BARCELOS 4 Fernando PEREIRA 4 Teófilo BRAGA 5 1- Museu Carlos Machado, Natural History Department, Convento de St.