Helmut Renders

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Helmut Renders UNIVERSIDADE METODISTA DE SÃO PAULO FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA E CIÊNCIAS DA RELIGIÃO Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Religião A SOTERIOLOGIA SOCIAL DE JOHN WESLEY com consideração especial de seus aspectos comunitários, sinergéticos e públicos Por Helmut Renders São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brasil 2006 UNIVERSIDADE METODISTA DE SÃO PAULO FACULDADE DE FILOSOFIA E CIÊNCIAS DA RELIGIÃO Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Religião A SOTERIOLOGIA SOCIAL DE JOHN WESLEY com consideração especial de seus aspectos comunitários, sinergéticos e públicos Por Helmut Renders Tese apresentada em cumprimento parcial às exigências do Programa de Pós- Graduação em Ciências da Religião para obtenção do grau de doutor sob orientação do Prof. Dr. Rui de Souza Josgrilberg. São Bernardo do Campo, SP, Brasil 2006 FICHA BIBLIOGRÁFICA Renders, Helmut A soteriologia social de John Wesley com consideração de seus aspectos comunitários, sinergéticos e públicos / Helmut Renders. São Bernardo do Campo, 2006. 404f. Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências da Religião, Curso de Pós- Graduação em Ciências da Religião. Orientador : Rui de Souza Josgrilberg 1. Wesley, John, 1703-1791 – Vida e obra 2. Wesley, John, 1703- 1791 – Aspectos teológicos e sociais – Crítica e interpretação 3. Soteriologia 4. Metodismo – América Latina I. Título CDD 230.7 DEDICATÓRIA Dedico esta tese a Bispo João Alves de Oliveira Filho e Prof. Hélerson Bastos Rodrigues. AGRADECIMENTO Agradeço à Elizabete, Lucas, Isabela e Maya pelo tempo cedido para eu me dedicar a este trabalho e à companheira Elizabete pelos preciosos comentários e a ajuda na correção. Agradeço ao meu orientador Prof. Dr. Rui de Souza Josgrilberg pelo acompanhamento inspirador. Registrei, em diversos momentos, as suas contribuições para a pesquisa wesleyana em geral e, em especial, para a minha pesquisa. Agradeço aos outros integrantes da banca de qualificação, Dr. Lauri Wirth e Dr. Ely Eser César Barreto pelas contribuições feitas na ocasião. Agradeço à Faculdade de Teologia da Igreja Metodista, nas pessoas de: Dr. Rui de Souza Josgrilberg, Rev. Otoniel Luciano Ri- beiro e Dr. Paulo Garcia, pelas condições oferecidas para a realização deste estudo, seja fi- nanceira ou academicamente, possibilitando conciliá-lo com uma vida profissional. Agradeço aos e às colegas: Dr. Claudio Ribeiro, Dr. Lauri Wirth, Dr.ª Magali Riberio Cunha, o doutorando Paulo Bessa da Silva, Dr. Paulo Roberto Gárcia, bispo emmeritus e dou- torando Paulo Mattos Ayres - pelas conversas sobre um ou outro assunto dessa tese. Agradeço aos meus colegas e às minhas colegas de classe e aos meus alunos e às mi- nhas alunas na Faculdade de Teologia nos cursos da graduação, da integralização e do pro- grama Lato Sensu pelos diálogos. Agradeço a Blanches de Paula, Elizabete Cristina Costa Renders, Hélerson Bastos Ro- drigues, Juliana Pelegrinelli Barbosa Costa, Luiz Eduardo Prates da Silva e Paulo Bessa pela revisão ortográfica do texto em diversos momentos da sua conclusão. Agradeço à Bridwell Library da Perkins School of Theology, Southern Methodist U- niversity, EUA, por me ceder uma bolsa de pesquisa de 30 dias em 2004 – a qual possibilitou o acesso às fontes primárias e secundárias não disponíveis no Brasil. 6 Agradeço à Igreja Metodista no Brasil e a Evangelisch-methodistische Kirche in Deutschland pela visão compartilhada ( o trabalho pastoral, educativo e missionário merece e exige um contínuo aprofundamento acadêmico para desenvolvê-lo) e pela criação das condi- ções de realização desta pesquisa. Em conjunto, todas estas contribuições nutriram a motivação principal desta pesquisa, a esperança que os horizontes da fé possam e devam contribuir para mudanças (de vidas, gru- pos, instituições, sociedades e da história) e que uma melhor compreensão das suas dinâmicas transformadoras subjacentes representa parte essencial desta caminhada. Helmut Renders, Dezembro 2006 7 BANCA EXAMINADORA ____________________________________ Prof. Dr. Rui de Souza Josgrilberg Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, SP _______________________________________ Prof. Dr. Ely Éser Bareto César Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba, SP _______________________________________ Prof. Dr. James Reaves Farris Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, SP _______________________________________ Prof. Dr. Lauri Wirth Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, SP _______________________________________ Prof. Dr. Rudolf von Sinner Escola Superior de Teologia da IECLB, São Leopoldo, RS RENDERS, Helmut. A soteriologia social de John Wesley, com consideração especial dos seus aspectos comunitários, sinergéticos e públicos. São Bernardo do Campo, SP, 2006. 404 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências da Religião - Teologia e História) –Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, São Bernardo do Campo, 2006. RESUMO Este estudo investiga os elementos da soteriologia de John Wesley e seus aspectos dinamizan- tes. Em vez de favorecer um determinado período da vida de John Wesley, a biografia teoló- gica de John Wesley é desenvolvida a partir do conceito da sedimentação de experiência. Dessa forma, a theologia viatorum de John Wesley é desenvolvida com foco nos seus elemen- tos transversais e os crescentes desdobramentos dos mesmos segundo os seus aspectos comu- nitários, sinergéticos e públicos. Segundo esta tese, a theologia viatorum de John Wesley ga- nha em profundidade e vitalidade com a sua crescente e consciente aprendizagem e compro- misso com o povo inglês e, em especial, com os pobres da Inglaterra. Acompanhado por uma cuidadosa auto-análise, Wesley parte para a análise do efeito de diversas soteriologias dos seus dias no cotidiano, as quais são marcadas pela demorada transição entre a época medieval e a modernidade. Surge uma re-construção característica da soteriologia, designado por nós como soteriologia social. Entendemos esta soteriologia social como o eixo principal da teolo- gia de John Wesley que se manifesta numa típica antropologia, cristologia, pneumatologia, escatologia e eclesiologia soteriológica. Os aspectos comunitários, sinergéticos e públicos desta soteriologia social são vistos e desenvolvidos por Wesley a partir da auto-experiência e da convivência com o povo, suas dinâmicas, sua cultura, suas necessidades e suas competên- cias. Tais aspectos levam, passo a passo, a uma práxis que começa a contemplar o entrelaça- mento entre a reforma da igreja, da nação e a transformação de pessoas. Este movimento é co- motivado por um horizonte soteriológico utópico que prevê a continuação da theologia viato- rum até na transformação do cosmo inteiro. A soteriologia social é parecida com a um tecido que acompanha a topografia socio-econômica e religiosa da época, procurando caminhos para a superação dos seus impasses, da sua desesperança e irresponsabilidade em relação aos po- bres. Palavras chave: John Wesley – soteriologia social – koinonia - sinergia – público. RENDERS, Helmut. La soteriología social de Juan Wesley, con consideración especial de los aspectos comunitarios, sinergéticos y públicos. Sao Bernardo do Campo, SP, 2006. 404 f. Tesis. (Doctorado em Ciências de la Religión - Teología y Historia ) – Universidade Me- todista de São Paulo, 2006. RESUMEN Este estudio investiga los elementos de la soteriología de Juan Wesley y sus aspectos dinami- zantes. En vez de enfatizar un determinado periodo de la vida de Juan Wesley, su biografía teológica se desarrolla a partir del concepto de la sedimentación de experiência. De esta ma- nera, la theologia viatorum de Juan Wesley se desenvuelve enfocando sus elementos transver- sales y los crecientes desdoblamientos de estos, de acuerdo con sus aspectos comunitarios, si- nergéticos y públicos. Según esta tesis, la theologia viatorum de Juan Wesley adquiere más profundidad y vitalidad con su creciente e consciente aprendizaje, con el compromiso para con el pueblo inglés y, en especial, para con los pobres de Inglaterra. Acompañado de un mi- nucioso autoanálisis, Wesley parte para el análisis del efecto que las diversas soteriologías de sus días produjeron en el cotidiano, las cuales están marcadas por la lenta transición que hubo entre la época medieval y la modernidad. Surge, entonces, una reconstrucción característica de la soteriología, que nosotros designamos como soteriología social. Pensamos que esta sote- riología social es el eje principal de la teología de Juan Wesley y que se pone de manifiesto en una antropología, cristología, pneumatología, escatología y eclesiología típicamente soterio- lógicas. Wesley ve y desenvuelve los aspectos comunitarios, sinergéticos y públicos de esta soteriología social a partir de la autoexperiência y de la convivência con el pueblo, sus diná- micas, su cultura, sus necesidades y sus competências. Tales aspectos conducen a una praxis que comienza a contemplar el entrelazamiento entre la reforma de la iglesia, de la nación y la transformación de personas. Esta movimentación es co-motivada por un horizonte soterioló- gico utópico que prevé la continuación de la theologia viatorum hasta la transformación de todo el cosmos. La soterología social se parece a un tejido que acompaña de cerca la topogra- fía socio-económica y religiosa de la época, buscando caminos para superar sus dificultades, su desesperanza y su irresponsabilidad con relación a los pobres. Palabras cave: John Wesley – soteriología social – sinergia – koinonia – público. RENDERS, Helmut. John Wesley's social soteriology: with special consideration of its communitarian, synergetic and public aspects. Sao
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