DOCSLIB.ORG

Effect of Wheat Bran and Brown Sugar on the Yield of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus Ostreatus)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Effect of Wheat Bran and Brown Sugar on the Yield of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus Ostreatus) Pure Appl. Biol., 7(4): 1186-1196, December, 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2018.700138 Research Article Effect of wheat bran and brown sugar on the yield of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) Muhammad Sajid1, Muhammad Imtiaz1, Fazal Jalal1, Badshah Islam1, Muhammad Ali Khan1, Syed Hussain1, Fazal Said1, Habib Ullah 2 1* Khan and Adil Hussain 1. Department of Agriculture, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP-Pakistan 2. Department of Statistics, University of Malakand, Dir (Lower), KP-Pakistan *Corresponding author’s email: [email protected] Citation Muhammad Sajid, Muhammad Imtiaz, Fazal Jalal, Badshah Islam, Muhammad Ali Khan, Syed Hussain, Fazal Said, Habib Ullah Khan and Adil Hussain. Effect of wheat bran and brown sugar on the yield of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). Pure and Applied Biology. Vol. 7, Issue 4, pp1186-1196. http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2018.700138 Received: 27/04/2018 Revised: 29/06/2018 Accepted: 30/06/2018 Online First: 30/08/2018 Abstract Mushrooms (toadstool) are the macroscopic, spore bearing, fleshy fruiting bodies of fungi usually produced above the surface of the substrate generally used as a food source. Among the different types of mushrooms found throughout the world, generally the name “Mushroom” is only associated with the button shaped mushrooms e.g. Agaricus bisporus. Mushroom has a huge basis of high value protein and other nutrients. Information about the medicinal value of mushrooms can be traced back to the 19th century and today it is considered as a very important food for humans because of its nutritional as well as medicinal value. In the present work, an experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of wheat brawn and brown sugar (Gur) on the yield of Oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. The data was recorded on days to half spawn running, days to spawn running completion, days to first picking, second picking, and third picking, number of pickings per treatment, and yield per picking. It was observed that high temperatures of more than 37 ℃ had a negative effect on mushroom growth and as a result the spawn running and fruiting body production was significantly delayed. Results showed that average minimum number of days to half spawn running was recorded for the control, while an average minimum number of days to picking was recorded for the wheat bran with brown sugar (gur) solution, and maximum yield was recorded for wheat bran. Therefore, wheat bran is recommended for Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation. It is further recommended to test the effects of other different doses of wheat brawn and brown sugar on Pleurotus ostreatus yield and to test other sources of starch and sugar as supplements in the substrate. Keywords: Brown sugar; Mushroom; Pleurotus ostreatus; Wheat bran Introduction generally used as a food source (though not Mushrooms are fungal fruiting bodies usually all mushroom species are edible). Among the produced above the substrate surface and different types of mushrooms found Published by Bolan Society for Pure and Applied Biology 1186 Sajid et al. throughout the world, generally the name Mushrooms as useful meal are used as “Mushroom” is only associated with the nutrient dietary supplements to enhance button shaped mushroom technically called immunity in the shape of capsules. Due to Agaricus bisporus. Besides these low starch content and occasional morphological features, there are gills at the cholesterol, they are good supplements for underside of the cap which produce diabetic and heart patients. It is estimated that microscopic spores that serve as the seed of 1/3 portion of the total iron content of the fungus. Most mushroom species belong mushroom is in available form. Mushrooms to the class Basidiomycetes of the division are also used as anticancer drugs. Even they Basidiomycota of the kingdom Mycetae [1]. have been used to fight HIV efficaciously [7]. The identification of different mushroom For the most part, immune-stimulation by species is especially difficult and requires restorative mushrooms happens by means of basic understanding of their macroscopic antigen-exhibiting cells (AEC) in the natural structure and expertise about the nutrition. By resistant framework comprising monocytes, far, many species of mushroom are highly macrophages and dendritic cells (DC). The poisonous and therefore, not edible [2]. One cell reaction is activated by the identification of the most common and easiest methods of moderated microbial determined atoms, used for identification is the spore-print named pathogen-associated molecular method. For this purpose, the mushroom cap patterns (PAMPs), by the PAMP-receptors is placed gill-side-down overnight. When the [8]. The consumable Bacidiomycota spores are released from the gills, they leave mushroom Agaricus blazei develops a powdery impression reflecting the shape of normally in a region close to São Paulo, the gills. The shape and color of the powdery Brazil, where it has been utilized as a part of print or spore print is used to classify the conventional solution against an assortment mushroom species. Spore prints can vary in of maladies, including disease and color from white to brown, purple, black, malignancy [9]. Mushrooms are a standout yellow, pink and other shades though dark amongst the most perishable items and have shades of blue, red or green are very rare [3]. a tendency to lose quality, instantly after Mushroom has a huge basis of high value collection. Mostly mushrooms contain 90 protein and other nutrients. Information percent of water and are therefore, highly about the medicinal value of mushrooms can perishable. However, their shelf life can be be traced back to the 19th century and today increased through post-harvest processing it is considered as a very important food for [10]. The short time-frame of realistic humans because of its nutritional as well as usability (1-3 days) is a disadvantage to the medicinal value [4]. Consequently, the conveyance and advertising of this useful antimicrobial action of different product [11]. Sustenance illumination shows polysaccharides from medicinal mushroom is up as a conceivable option for put away widely acknowledged and most mushroom mushrooms, by uncovering sustenance to species are evaluated in terms of their ionizing radiation, (for example, gamma or medical efficiency [5]. Mushrooms based electron bar) with a specific end goal to diet plays in important role in physiological upgrade its time span of usability and its attenuation of dietary fibers which plays an wellbeing. Especially, gamma illumination essential role in decreasing glucose level in has been shown to be a potential source for blood, fat binding, and control of cholesterol broadening the postharvest timeframe of levels provide good health [6]. realistic usability of crisp mushrooms [12]. Adjusted climate bundling modifies the 1187 Pure Appl. Biol., 7(4): 1186-1196, December, 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2018.700138 typical creation of air to give an ideal air to Lentinus edodes, citrus juice extraction waste diminishing the item breath rate, saving its for Corious versicolor, and green tea waste quality and expanding its time span of for Fomitopsis pinicola have been used [19]. usability. This can be latently accomplished The increasing tendency towards a more inside a bundle subsequently of mushroom proficient use of agro-industrial products, for breath, devouring oxygen and creating example, cassava bagasse, sugar cane chiefly carbon dioxide, and vaporous trade bagasse, sugar beet mash, coffee mash/husk, between the environments [13, 14]. The apple pulp etc. is growing fast [20]. Button reduction in oxygen focus and increment in mushroom specifically Agaricus bisporus carbon dioxide fixation must not exceed a and Agaricus bitorquis are the biggest among specific basic limit [15]. The absence of developed edible mushroom throughout the oxygen prompts anaerobic growth joined by world regardless of the different procedures off-scents because of the generation of of production and related yield potential or unstable substances, for example, ethanol and organic effectiveness. Unlike button acetaldehyde [2, 16]. Cultivation of various mushroom, clam mushroom can be mushroom species is though not a developed effectively over an extensive scientifically complex job. As described variety of areas in its common condition with above, mushrooms have a very short shelf no major requirement for control of life primarily because they are one of the temperature and other growth conditions. most fragile, palatable, and soft bodied food Shellfish mushroom, i.e., different types of products and extremely sensitive to changes Pleurotus mushroom could be developed in temperature and moisture during their effectively and beneficially on locally growth. accessible Agro-cellulosic wastes with high Various studies report the use of different return potential or natural proficiency [21]. substrates for growing mushrooms. Others Wheat straw is the primary substrate for have reported the effects of various nutrient oyster mushroom cultivation, although supplements and changes in growth sufficient production can be accomplished conditions on mushroom quality and yield. through utilization of wheat straw with the The impact of UV-C and UV-B light, use of supplements that considerably wavelength 190–290 and 290–315 nm, increment the yield per unit area and weight individually, on the transformation of ergo of wheat straw [22]. Sunflower (Helianthus sterol to vitamin D2 in
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–19 Edition) § 180.409
    § 180.409 40 CFR Ch. I (7–1–19 Edition) dimethylphenyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl) al- Commodity Parts per anine methyl ester] and its metabolites million containing the 2,6-dimethylaniline Cattle, fat ............................................................... 0.02 moiety, and N-(2-hydroxy methyl-6- Cattle, meat byproducts ........................................ 0.02 methyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)-alanine Corn, field, grain .................................................... 8.0 Corn, pop, grain ..................................................... 8.0 methylester, each expressed as Goat, fat ................................................................. 0.02 metalaxyl, in or on the following raw Goat, meat byproducts .......................................... 0.02 agricultural commodity: Grain, aspirated fractions ...................................... 20.0 Hog, fat .................................................................. 0.02 Hog, meat byproducts ........................................... 0.02 Commodity Parts per Horse, fat ............................................................... 0.02 million Horse, meat byproducts ........................................ 0.02 Poultry, fat ............................................................. 0.02 Papaya ................................................................... 0.1 Sheep, fat .............................................................. 0.02 Sheep, meat byproducts ....................................... 0.02 (d) Indirect or inadvertent tolerances. Sorghum, grain, grain
    [Show full text]
  • Torrefaction of Oat Straw to Use As Solid Biofuel, an Additive to Organic Fertilizers for Agriculture Purposes and Activated Carbon – TGA Analysis, Kinetics
    E3S Web of Conferences 154, 02004 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015402004 ICoRES 2019 Torrefaction of oat straw to use as solid biofuel, an additive to organic fertilizers for agriculture purposes and activated carbon – TGA analysis, kinetics Szymon Szufa1, Maciej Dzikuć2 ,Łukasz Adrian3, Piotr Piersa4, Zdzisława Romanowska- Duda5, Wiktoria Lewandowska 6, Marta Marcza7, Artur Błaszczuk8, Arkadiusz Piwowar9 1 Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Wolczanska 213, 90-924 Lodz,, Poland, [email protected] 2 University of Zielona Góra, Faculty of Economics and Management, ul. Licealna 9, 65-246 Zielona Góra, Poland, [email protected] 3 University of Kardynal Stefan Wyszyński, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Science, Dewajtis 5, 01-815 Warszawa, Poland, [email protected] 4 Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Wolczanska 213, 90-924 Lodz,, Poland, [email protected] 5 Laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha str. 12/16, 90-131 Łódź, Poland, [email protected] 6 University of Lodz, Chemical Faculty, Tamka 13, 91-403 Łódź, Poland, [email protected] 7 AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Energy and Fuels, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30- 059 Krakow, Poland, [email protected] 8 Czestochowa University of Technology, Institute of Advanced Energy Technologies, Dabrowskiego 73, 42-200, Czestochowa, Poland, [email protected] 9 Wroclaw University of Economics, Faculty of Engineering and Economics, Komandorska 118/120 , 53-345 Wrocław, Poland, [email protected] Abstract.
    [Show full text]
  • Storage of Wet Corn Co-Products Manual
    Storage of Wet Corn Co-Products 1st Edition • May 2008 A joint project of the Nebraska Corn Board and the University of Nebraska–Lincoln Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources Storage of Wet Corn Co-Products A joint project of the Nebraska Corn Board and the University of Nebraska–Lincoln Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources Agricultural Research Division University of Nebraska–Lincoln Extension For more information or to request additional copies of this manual, contact the Nebraska Corn Board at 1-800-632-6761 or e-mail [email protected] Brought to you by Nebraska corn producers through their corn checkoff dollars— expanding demand for Nebraska corn and value-added corn products. STORAGE OF WET CORN CO-PRODUCTS By G. Erickson, T. Klopfenstein, R. Rasby, A. Stalker, B. Plugge, D. Bauer, D. Mark, D. Adams, J. Benton, M. Greenquist, B. Nuttleman, L. Kovarik, M. Peterson, J. Waterbury and M. Wilken Opportunities For Storage Three types of distillers grains can be produced that vary in moisture content. Ethanol plants may dry some or all of their distillers grains to produce dry distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS; 90% dry matter [DM]). However, many plants that have a market for wet distillers locally (i.e., Nebraska) may choose not to dry their distillers grains due to cost advantages. Wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) is 30-35% DM. Modified wet distillers grains plus solubles (MWDGS) is 42-50% DM. It is important to note that plants may vary from one another in DM percentage, and may vary both within and across days for the moisture (i.e., DM) percentage.
    [Show full text]
  • Straw Mulching
    STRAW MULCHING What is it? The application of straw as a protective Hand Punching: cover over seeded areas to reduce erosion and aid in A spade or shovel is used to punch straw revegetation or over bare soils that will be landscaped into the slope until all areas have straw standing later to reduce erosion. perpendicularly to the slope and embedded at least 4 inches into the slope. It should be punched about 12 When is it used? inches apart. This method is used on slopes which have been seeded and have high potential for erosion. It Roller Punching: requires some type of anchoring by matting, crimping A roller equipped with straight studs not less or other methods to prevent blowing or washing than 6 inches long, from 4 - 6 inches wide and away. approximately one inch thick is rolled over the slope. Straw mulch forms a loose layer when applied over a loose soil surface. To protect the mulch from wind drifting and being moved by water, Crimper Punching: it must be covered with a netting such as plastic or Like roller punching, the crimper has punched into the soil with a spade or roller, or by serrated disk blades about 4 - 8 inches apart which spraying it with a tacking agent. The mulch should force straw mulch into the soil. Crimping should be cover the entire seed or bare area. The mulch should done in two directions with the final pass across the extend into existing vegetation or be stabilized on all slope. sides to prevent wind or water damage which may start at the edges.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of Barley Straw As an Alternative Algal Control Method in Northern California Rice Fields
    J. Aquat. Plant Manage. 45: 84-90 Evaluation of Barley Straw as an Alternative Algal Control Method in Northern California Rice Fields DAVID SPENCER1 AND CAROLE LEMBI2 ABSTRACT most troublesome during the 30-day period following the spring flooding of rice fields. California rice fields are shallow water systems with depths Copper sulfate is applied aerially to manage algal prob- usually less than 15 cm. Excessive algal growth often charac- lems in rice fields. However, growers have observed in recent terizes a significant proportion of them. Especially trouble- years that algal populations may not be as inhibited by cop- some are species of green algae and cyanobacteria that per sulfate treatments as they have been in the past.4 Barley interfere with rice growth by becoming entangled with the straw (Hordeum vulgare) has been identified as an effective seedlings and subsequently uprooting them when the algal method for reducing algal growth in a variety of aquatic sys- mats dislodge from the sediment. We sought to determine if tems within the United Kingdom (Welch et al. 1990, Everall barley straw would reduce excessive algal biomass during the and Lees 1997, Harriman et al. 1997). It has been reported crucial 30-day period of seedling establishment following ini- to be effective against species of filamentous green algae tial flooding of the field. We conducted experiments in 2005 (Caffrey and Monahan 1999, Gibson et al. 1990), cyanobac- and 2006 in northern California rice fields. Algae dry weight teria (referred to as “blue-green algae”) (Ball et al. 2001, Bar- varied considerably ranging from 0 to 286 g m-2.
    [Show full text]
  • Dietary Fibre from Whole Grains and Their Benefits on Metabolic Health
    nutrients Review Dietary Fibre from Whole Grains and Their Benefits on Metabolic Health Nirmala Prasadi V. P. * and Iris J. Joye Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 31 August 2020; Accepted: 30 September 2020; Published: 5 October 2020 Abstract: The consumption of whole grain products is often related to beneficial effects on consumer health. Dietary fibre is an important component present in whole grains and is believed to be (at least partially) responsible for these health benefits. The dietary fibre composition of whole grains is very distinct over different grains. Whole grains of cereals and pseudo-cereals are rich in both soluble and insoluble functional dietary fibre that can be largely classified as e.g., cellulose, arabinoxylan, β-glucan, xyloglucan and fructan. However, even though the health benefits associated with the consumption of dietary fibre are well known to scientists, producers and consumers, the consumption of dietary fibre and whole grains around the world is substantially lower than the recommended levels. This review will discuss the types of dietary fibre commonly found in cereals and pseudo-cereals, their nutritional significance and health benefits observed in animal and human studies. Keywords: dietary fibre; cereals; pseudo-cereals; chronic diseases 1. Introduction Consumers worldwide are interested in a healthy diet. Whole grain products, encompassing both cereals and pseudo-cereals, should constitute an important part of this healthy diet. The consumption of whole grain products is considered to have a beneficial effect on risk reduction of non-communicable diseases (NCD), including cardiovascular diseases, cancers, gastrointestinal disorders and type 2 diabetes [1–3].
    [Show full text]
  • Renewable Energy from Biomass Surplus Resource
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Renewable energy from biomass surplus resource: potential of power generation from rice straw in Vietnam Tran Thien Cuong1, Hoang Anh Le 1*, Nguyen Manh Khai1, Pham Anh Hung1, Le Thuy Linh1, Nguyen Viet Thanh1, Ngo Dang Tri2 & Nguyen Xuan Huan1 Biomass, one of the renewable resources, is expected to play an important role in the world’s energy future. In Asia, rice straw is an abundant agricultural surplus because rice is one of the leading staple food crops in the region. Often, rice straw is burned directly in the feld via uncontrolled combustion methods that emit large amounts of short-lived air pollutants, greenhouse gases, and other pollutants. In Vietnam, the energy and environment protection sectors are facing great challenges because of rapid urbanisation and industrialisation. A national strategic choice is to exploit renewable energy, including biomass-derived energy, to achieve energy security and CO2 emission reduction. This study investigates the potential of rice straw as an energy source for power plants at a local scale in Vietnam using data derived from satellite Sentinel-1 images. The results show that Vietnam can produce 2,565 MW from rice straw, for which 24 out of 63 provinces have a potential capacity higher than 30 MW, and the Kien Giang province has the highest capacity (245 MW). The study also analyses limitations and obstacles overcoming which can promote the biomass energy sector in the country. Abbreviations CHA Central Highlands areas of Vietnam ENcoms Energy consumption
    [Show full text]
  • Methane Yield Potential of Miscanthus (Miscanthus × Giganteus (Greef Et Deuter)) Established Under Maize (Zea Mays L.)
    energies Article Methane Yield Potential of Miscanthus (Miscanthus × giganteus (Greef et Deuter)) Established under Maize (Zea mays L.) Moritz von Cossel 1,* , Anja Mangold 1 , Yasir Iqbal 2 and Iris Lewandowski 1 1 Department of Biobased Products and Energy Crops (340b), Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 23, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany; [email protected] (A.M.); [email protected] (I.L.) 2 College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +49-711-459-23557 Received: 11 November 2019; Accepted: 2 December 2019; Published: 9 December 2019 Abstract: This study reports on the effects of two rhizome-based establishment procedures ‘miscanthus under maize’ (MUM) and ‘reference’ (REF) on the methane yield per hectare (MYH) of miscanthus in a field trial in southwest Germany. The dry matter yield (DMY) of aboveground biomass was determined each year in autumn over four years (2016–2019). A biogas batch experiment and a fiber analysis were conducted using plant samples from 2016–2018. Overall, MUM outperformed REF 3 1 due to a high MYH of maize in 2016 (7211 m N CH4 ha− ). The MYH of miscanthus in MUM was significantly lower compared to REF in 2016 and 2017 due to a lower DMY. Earlier maturation of miscanthus in MUM caused higher ash and lignin contents compared with REF. However, the mean substrate-specific methane yield of miscanthus was similar across the treatments (281.2 and 276.2 lN 1 1 3 1 kg− volatile solid− ). Non-significant differences in MYH 2018 (1624 and 1957 m N CH4 ha− ) and 1 in DMY 2019 (15.6 and 21.7 Mg ha− ) between MUM and REF indicate, that MUM recovered from biotic and abiotic stress during 2016.
    [Show full text]
  • Admixing Chaff with Straw Increased the Residues
    energies Article Admixing Chaff with Straw Increased the Residues Collected without Compromising Machinery Efficiencies Alessandro Suardi 1 , Sergio Saia 1,* , Walter Stefanoni 1 , Carina Gunnarsson 2, Martin Sundberg 2 and Luigi Pari 1 1 Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA)—Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing (CREA-IT), Via della Pascolare, 16 - 00015 Monterotondo Scalo (Rome) Italy; [email protected] (A.S.); [email protected] (W.S.); [email protected] (L.P.) 2 Research Institutes of Sweden (RISE), Ultunaallén 4, 756 51 Uppsala, Sweden; [email protected] (C.G.); [email protected] (M.S.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 18 February 2020; Accepted: 2 April 2020; Published: 7 April 2020 Abstract: The collection of residues from staple crop may contribute to meet EU regulations in renewable energy production without harming soil quality. At a global scale, chaff may have great potential to be used as a bioenergy source. However, chaff is not usually collected, and its loss can consist of up to one-fifth of the residual biomass harvestable. In the present work, a spreader able to manage the chaff (either spreading [SPR] on the soil aside to the straw swath or admixed [ADM] with the straw) at varying threshing conditions (with either 1 or 2 threshing rotors [1R and 2R, respectively] in the combine, which affects the mean length of the straw pieces). The fractions of the biomass available in field (grain, chaff, straw, and stubble) were measured, along with the performances of both grain harvesting and baling operations.
    [Show full text]
  • The Story of Wheat for Kids Grades 3 to 5
    The Story of Wheat for Kids Grades 3 to 5 The Nebraska Wheat Board (NWB) was formed in 1955 after the Nebraska Wheat Resources Act was passed. The mission of NWB is to increase both domestic and foreign consumption of wheat and wheat food products through marketing and research, as well as to help develop and maintain both domestic and export markets for the Nebraska wheat producer. All NWB policies are established by a seven member board of directors. The board of directors is composed of wheat producers from across Nebraska who are appointed by the Governor. Each bushel of wheat marketed in the state is assessed an excise tax of 0.4% of net value of wheat marketed in Nebraska at the point of first sale. These monies are deposited into the State Treasury and are used by NWB to advance Nebraska’s wheat industry. To ensure that funds are being spent in the best way, the board of directors oversees all expenditures. Nebraska’s Wheat Fields 1 Have you ever been on a wheat farm? Here in Nebraska about 1.6 million acres of wheat are grown each year. Nebraska produces two types of wheat: hard red winter wheat and hard white winter wheat. Most of the wheat is grown in the southern part of the panhandle through southeast Nebraska and along the Kansas-Nebraska border. How do I know so much about wheat? My name is Jenny Johnson and I live on a Nebraska wheat farm. Besides, I like to eat bread, pasta, cereal, pretzels, tortillas, and a bunch of other goodies made with wheat.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluating Rice Straw As a Substitute for Barley Straw in Inhibiting Algal Growth in Farm Ponds Jacob Maris
    University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Undergraduate Honors Theses 5-2019 Evaluating Rice Straw as a Substitute for Barley Straw in Inhibiting Algal Growth in Farm Ponds Jacob Maris Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/csesuht Part of the Environmental Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Maris, Jacob, "Evaluating Rice Straw as a Substitute for Barley Straw in Inhibiting Algal Growth in Farm Ponds" (2019). Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Undergraduate Honors Theses. 19. https://scholarworks.uark.edu/csesuht/19 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences at ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences Undergraduate Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Evaluating Rice Straw as a Substitute for Barley Straw in Inhibiting Algal Growth in Farm Ponds An Honors Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of Honors Studies in Environmental, Soil, and Water Science By Jacob Maris Spring 2019 Environmental, Soil, and Water Science Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences University of Arkansas Acknowledgements Funding was provided by the Bumpers College Undergraduate Research and Creative Project grants program and Honors College Research grant program. Thank you to Dr. Brad Austin for his help in sample analysis, to Dr. Ben Runkle and Dr. Trent Roberts for providing rice straw, and to Jody Davis, Brian Austin, Greg Cheshier, Jean Hammack, and LaJoyce Duncan for the use of their ponds.
    [Show full text]
  • Supplemental Feeds for Cattle Operations During Drought
    ANR Publication 8565 | June 2016 http://anrcatalog.ucanr.edu DROUGHT TIP Supplemental Feeds for Cattle Operations during Drought ne of the advantages of cattle production in California is the diversity of feeds available Oin times of need to supplement rangeland that is normally used for cattle. In most cases, supplementing with alfalfa or a combination JOSH S. DAVY, University of of alfalfa and small grain hay is the easiest method to meet protein, California Cooperative Extension Livestock, Range, and Natural energy, and calcium requirements when rangeland nutrients are depleted Resources Advisor, Tehama/ due to drought. When the market prices of these traditional hay Glenn/Colusa Counties; GLENN supplements become high, it becomes necessary to consider alternative A. NADER, University of feed sources. These alternative supplemental forages include high- California Cooperative Extension nutrient concentrates and fiber-based roughages, making it possible Livestock and Natural Resources Advisor Emeritus, Yuba/Sutter/ to form a complete ration to satisfy the nutrient and dry matter intake Butte Counties; JEFFERY W. requirements of cattle. STACKHOUSE, University of The prices of these feeds vary, so check the costs each time a supplemental ration is being California Cooperative Extension formulated. It is likely that the same supplemental ration will not be used two years in a row. Livestock and Natural Resources A ration balancing program such as Taurus, offered by the University of California, Davis, Advisor, Humboldt/Del Norte Department of Animal Science (see http://animalscience.ucdavis.edu/extension/Software/), is Counties a great tool for developing the lowest-cost supplement that meets the nutrient requirements of the particular class of cattle being supplemented.
    [Show full text]