Lawrence Technological University
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Lawrence Technological University ASHRAE 2015 Integrated Sustainable Building Design (ISBD) Student Design Competition Lawrence Technological University Architectural Engineering Department DANIEL FAORO MARK DRIEDGER RA – ASHRAE Associate Faculty Advisor Faculty Advisor Phone: (905) 580-4820 Phone: (248) 204-2856 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] FARAH ANONI HADIEL MOHILLDEAN ZECHARIAH VINSON Architectural Engineering Architectural Engineering Architectural Engineering Graduation: Spring 2016 Graduation: Spring 2016 Graduation: Spring 2016 Phone: (248) 773-2013 Phone: (313) 605-4440 Phone: (586) 623-1615 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Lawrence Technological University Executive Summary The main objective of this proposal is to design a new three story junior college classroom building in Doha, Qatar which showcases modern sustainable design by accounting for energy efficiency, health and safety, occupant comfort, functionality, longevity, flexibility, and serviceability. This project is introduced and sponsored by ASHRAE Annual Student Design Project Competition. Therefore, to meet the requirements of high energy performance buildings, ASHRAE standards have been used as a guideline throughout the entire design development phases of the project for example, ASHRAE 189.1-2014. The Education City in Qatar has been selected as the potential location for the project since it is considered a sustainable developing educational district that embraces international universities, K-12 schools, and research centers. The project design process started with collecting information about the general climatic conditions of Doha, Qatar using Climate Consultant 6.0 software, using Abu Dhabi as the closest proxy site. Based on charts and annual collected data, Doha, Qatar is categorized under Zone 1 based on ASHRAE criteria of hot and humid climates. The sustainable site has been developed considering, environmental challenges, traffic flow, safety, cultural background, and economy. Also, a sustainable integrated parking lot area has been developed for students, faculty members, and visitors for long term parking. Sustainable features have been integrated to the parking area such as, solar PV panels, LED lights, rain water collection system, and eco-pavement system to promote the usage of renewable energy resources on site. In addition, the design of the proposed building has been developed using bio-climatic strategies such as shading, passive cooling, passive ventilation, minimum solar heat gain, and maximum controlled daylighting which collectively helped to achieve an energy efficient design that best responds to the climatic conditions and the natural environment of Doha, Qatar. Also, materials have been selected to be prefabricated, recyclable, durable, and functional to allow for a better construction waste management, minimum maintenance, and less impact on the environment. The majority of the materials are locally supplied to support local businesses while reducing the cost associated with shipping. The building interior has been designed to meet the main function of the building to enhance students’ educational experience. The building includes classrooms, administration offices, media center, workshops and meeting areas. The spatial organization has been designed to reflect some of the valuable design strategies that have been expressed in the work of the great architect Louis Kahn to create a unique and transformative learning environment. Taking into consideration the requirements for high energy performance buildings, building systems- structural, mechanical, lighting, plumbing, and fire detection systems -have been designed carefully to increase energy efficiency, reduce heat loads and water consumption, improve indoor air quality and safety, eliminate maintenance, and use renewable energy resources. For instance, the PV solar system on the roof of the third floor accommodates 16% of the total power load required by the building with an annual saving of $25,937. In addition, the mechanical system achieves annual savings of $91,554.15. Using low flow plumbing fixtures also allowed for a 33.1% overall reduction in the total number of gallons used by the building annually. Both prescriptive and performance paths have been considered along with the mandatory provisions when designing each of the proposed building system to comply with ASHRAE standards. Calculations have been conducted using excel spread sheets, Revit Autodesk 3D software, PVWatts calculator to calculate building loads and energy savings as well as sizing systems to accommodate for the building energy demands. Moreover, cost analysis have been produced to assure that the proposed design meets the per-specified budget of $200.00/sf. The total project cost is 169.24 $/sf. Moreover, LEED standards were projected to rate the building at platinum level. Lawrence Technological University ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The proposed project required a good quality of work, research, and dedication. However, the outcomes would not have been at this level of quality if we have not had the support and guidance of many faculty members and advisors. Therefore, we would like to extend our sincere gratitude to all of them. First of all, we would like to thank our faculty advisors professor Daniel Faoro and Mark Driedger for sharing their superior knowledge and experience to accomplish this project. Also, we are thankful for the continuous support provided by professor Filza Walters, Ralph Nelson, Robert Roop, Robert Stevenson, Janice Means, and Faris Habba in the completion of this project. SUSTAINABLE AND RENEWABLE ENERGY METHODS Lawrence Technological University CONTENTS Integrated Susteinable Design Building ASHRAE – 2015 Student Design Competiton SECTION PAGE 1 Introduction……………………………………………………………………………..…(1) 2 Climate Analysis……………………………………………………………......................(2) 3 Site Analysis………………………………………………………....................................(3) 4 Site Design………………………………………………………………………………...(5) 5 Building Design Strategies…………………………………………………………….….(10) 6 Building Program & Spatial Organization………………………………………….…….(12) 7 Structural System Design…………………………………………………........................(14) 8 Envelope Design………………………………………………………………………….(15) 9 Lighting System Design……………………………………………………………….….(19) 10 Photovoltaic System Design ………………………………………………………….…..(22) 11 Plumbing and Fixtures Selection………………………………………….........................(23) 12 Mechanical System Design…………………………………………………………….....(25) 13 Energy Model Comparison ……………………………………………............................(31) 14 Fire Detection, Protection, and Supression System……………………............................(34) 15 Cost Analysis…………………………………………………………………………......(35) 16 Appendices Lawrence Technological University ASHRAE-2015 ISBD JUDGING CRITERIA NOTE: Judging criteria are provided here to indicate how the building and site designs have satisfied the requirements by ASHRAE Student Design Competition specifically for the Integrated Sustainable Building Design Competition. Page numbers have been indicated to help navigate through the report and check the pages covering the given requirements. College: Lawrence Technological University Total Points: Project Category: Integrated Sustainable Building Design (ISBD) Summary of results Max Actual Points Points Understanding of Compliance Paths 100 Sustainable Sites 225 Water Use Efficiency 175 Energy Efficiency 150 Indoor Environmental Quality 190 The Buildings Impact on the Atmosphere, Materials, and Resources 150 Construction and Plans For Operation 50 Communication of Results 200 TOTAL 1040 Understanding of Compliance Paths Max Score Page Points 0-10 Reference Team effectively demonstrates knowledge of the Standard and justifies 50 their method of achieving compliance. Overall success in achieving compliance with one of the two compliance paths: a. ALL Mandatory options + prescriptive options explained and justified. 50 b. Mandatory + Performance Option explained and justified. Calculations are required for this option. TOTAL 100 Sustainable Sites Max Score Page Points 0-10 Reference Mandatory-Site Selection: The building is situated on an allowable site 25 4 and the team has justified the selection. Mandatory-Mitigation of Heat Island Effect: Site hardscape is 25 8, 11 addressed IAW the Standard. Mandatory-Mitigation of Heat Island Effect: Above grade walls are 25 10, 11 shaded IAW the Standard Mandatory-Mitigation of Heat Island Effect: Roof systems comply with 25 17 the Standard Mandatory-Reduction of Light Pollution: Exterior lighting systems 25 8, 9 comply with the standard. PrescriptiveOpti on Path: All prescriptive items explained and justified 50 in the write-up. Performance Option Path: Calculations are provided and justified in the 50 write-up. Lawrence Technological University Water Use Efficiency Max Score Page Points 0-10 Reference Mandatory-Site Water Use Reduction: the team has addressed and 8 justified the section. 25 Mandatory-Building Water Use Reduction: the team has addressed and 8, 16 justified the section. 25 Mandatory-Water Consumption Management: the team has addressed 8 and justified the section. 25 Prescriptive Option Path: All prescriptive items explained and justified 16 in the write-up. 50 Performance Option Path: Calculations are provided and justified in the 16 write-up. 50 TOTAL 175 Energy Efficiency Max Score Page Points 0-10 Reference Mandatory-General: Building complies with Sections 5.4, 6.4, 7.4, 8.4,