Windows Command Guide 2010

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Version 3.4 (May 2010 updates)

No great discovery was ever made without a bold guess. –Isaac Newton Experience is the name everyone gives to their mistakes. –Oscar Wilde Persistence and positive thinking to make things happen. Welcome to the “Windows Command Guide”. In this guide you will find all types of Windows commands. This guide includes every possible command; those are available on a Windows platform. There are many long and unusual commands, those you may not use commonly – but, these commands available in Windows platform whether you know it or not. If you have more information, then please share with me. For more information visit the website. About this Article: As every Windows user knows what a command is, so there is no need for describing it. This guide contains 440+ Run commands and 580+ additional Windows commands. This guide contains approx. 1000+ Windows commands in various categories. This is very useful for everyone using – desktop, laptop and server. The objective of this guide is to know more about Windows commands, internals features and to speed up the administrative tasks. See the version number to check the latest updates and new release. Document History: (updated: v3.4) Time Changes 2010 Version 3.xx: 75+ GUID, shell commands, latest updates and revision. 2009 Version 2.xx: major updates: 300+ Run commands; 95+ Rundll32 commands; 120+ Environment Variables; 150+ Command-line tools; 75+ Control Panel Applets Canonical names on Vista SP2, 2008 SP2, Windows 7 and Office 2010. 2008 Version 1.xx: with more added commands with Vista and Server 2008. 2004-07 Initial use, testing and first publication on 2007. About the Author: bcdalai, MCSE, MCTS. The author is an IT pro working on Desktop, Server and Networking. He works as system administrator, Tech. Support, software troubleshooter and reviewer. He is available for tech. support in different forums and community. He is ready to hear from you. Visit: http://bcdalai.blogspot.com and e-mail: [email protected]. License: The subject matters are for system administrators and everyday computer users. This article is completely free to read, distribute (through website, CD/DVD or magazines) or share without any modification and may be reproduced in printable media with a link to this article. The article must be distributed in “Microsoft XPS” or “Adobe PDF” format. Disclaimer: This document is for educational and informational purposes. THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED “AS IS”, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. It is assumed that you will use the contents of this document in proper and productive way. All names, websites, trade names and registered trademarks mentioned herein are the property of their respective owners. Copyright © 2004-2010 by bcdalai. Thanks: I‟m greatly thankful to all the readers for reading and sending feedbacks to me.

Contents Chapter – 1 Windows Run Commands Network Run Commands Run Commands in Windows Vista Run Commands in Windows Server 2008 Run Commands in Windows 7

Chapter – 2 Run Commands for Third-party Programs Control Panel Applet Commands Command-line Tools: Windows XP / 2003 Command-line Tools: Vista / Server 2008 / Windows 7 Advance Rundll32 Commands A. Windows 2000 / XP / Server 2003 B. Windows Vista / Server 2008 / Windows 7

Chapter – 3 Commands-cum-Shortcuts Unique and Special Commands Relative System Paths with Shell commands Environment Variables

Chapter – 4 Recovery Console Commands Command Descriptions

Appendix: A. ESSENTIAL NOTES B. CHANGED NAMES: In Vista, Server 2008 and Windows 7 etc. C. Axioms in this guide D. Commonly Used Command-line Tools E. Bibliography, References and Tools

Chapter – 1 Windows Run Commands [For Windows 2000 / XP / Server 2003 / Vista / Server 2008 / Windows 7. See Appendix-A6] Table-1 SL. APPLICATION COMMAND Ref 001 Accessibility Controls access.cpl 1 002 Accessibility Wizard accwiz 3 003 Add Hardware Wizard hdwwiz.cpl 1 004 Add/Remove Programs appwiz.cpl 2 005 Administrative Tools control admintools 006 Automatic Updates wuaucpl.cpl 1 007 Bluetooth Transfer Wizard fsquirt 008 Calculator calc 009 Certificate Manager certmgr.msc 010 Character Map charmap 011 Clipboard Viewer clipbrd 3 012 Command Prompt cmd 013 Component Services (DCOM/COM+ configuration) dcomcnfg 014 Computer Management compmgmt.msc 015 Control Panel control 016 Date and Time Properties control date/time 017 Date and Time Properties timedate.cpl 018 DDE Shares ddeshare 3 019 Device Manager devmgmt.msc 020 DirectX Diagnostic Tool dxdiag 021 Disk Cleanup Utility (Appendix-A1) cleanmgr 022 Disk Defragment dfrg.msc 1 023 Disk Management diskmgmt.msc 024 Disk Partition Manager diskpart 025 Display Properties control desktop 1 026 Display Properties desk.cpl 1 027 Display Properties (Appearance tab pre-selected) control color 028 Dr. Watson System Troubleshooting Utility (16-bit) drwatson 029 Dr. Watson System Troubleshooting Utility (32-bit) drwtsn32 3 030 Driver Verifier Utility verifier 031 DVD Placeholder Utility (playing DVD in WMP) dvdplay 032 Event Viewer eventvwr 033 Event Viewer eventvwr.msc 034 File Signature Verification Tool sigverif 035 Files and Setting Transfer Wizard migwiz 2 036 Folders Properties control folders 037 Fonts Folder control fonts 038 Fonts Folder fonts 039 Game Controllers joy.cpl 040 Game: Free Cell freecell 3 041 Game: Hearts Card Game mshearts 3 042 Game: Internet Backgammon bckgzm 3 043 Game: Internet Checkers chkrzm 3 044 Game: Internet Hearts hrtzzm 3 045 Game: Internet Reversi rvsezm 3 046 Game: Internet Spades shvlzm 3 047 Game: Minesweeper winmine 3 048 Game: Pinball pinball 3 049 Game: Solitaire sol 3 050 Game: Spider Solitaire spider 3 051 Group Policy Object Editor gpedit.msc 052 Help and Support Center helpctr 3 053 HyperTerminal hypertrm 3 054 Iexpress Wizard (packaging tool) iexpress 055 Indexing Service ciadv.msc

056 Infrared Monitor if installed) control infrared 057 Internet Connection Wizard icwconn1 3 058 Internet Explorer (IE) iexplore 059 Internet Explorer (InPrivate Mode) (IE8 or later) iexplore –private 060 Internet Explorer (no Add-ons) iexplore –extoff 061 Internet Properties inetcpl.cpl 062 Internet Setup Wizard inetwiz 3 063 Keyboard Properties control keyboard 064 Local Security Settings secpol.msc 065 Local Users and Groups lusrmgr.msc 066 Log Off logoff 067 Mail client (Default) mailto: 068 Mail configurations (Outlook/Microsoft Outlook) control mlcfg32.cpl 069 Microsoft Chat winchat 070 Microsoft Management Console (MMC) mmc 071 Microsoft Media Player (for audio only) mplay32 3 072 Microsoft Movie Maker moviemk 3 073 Microsoft Paint mspaint 074 Microsoft Paint pbrush 075 Microsoft Program Manager progman 3 076 Microsoft Synchronization Tool mobsync 2 077 Mouse Properties control mouse 078 Mouse Properties main.cpl 079 MS-DOS Editor (editing files in DOS mode) edit 080 Network Access Protection (NPA) Client UI napstat 081 Network Connections control netconnections 082 Network Connections ncpa.cpl 083 Network Setup Wizard netsetup.cpl 3 084 Notepad notepad 085 Novell NetWare (if installed) control netware 086 Object Packager packager 3 087 On Screen Keyboard osk 088 Outlook Express msimn 2, 1 089 Password Properties password.cpl 3 090 Performance Monitor perfmon 091 Performance Monitor perfmon.msc 092 Phone and Modem Options control telephony 093 Phone and Modem Options telephon.cpl 094 Phone Dialer dialer 095 Power Configuration powercfg.cpl 096 Printers and Faxes control printers 097 Printers Folder printers 3 098 Private Character Editor eudcedit 099 Regional and Language Options control international 100 Regional and Language Options intl.cpl 2 101 Registry Editor regedit 102 Registry Editor regedt32 103 Remote Access Phonebook rasphone 104 Remote Assistance rcimlby –launchra 2, 1 105 Remote Desktop mstsc 106 Removable Storage ntmsmgr.msc 3 107 Removable Storage Operator Requests ntmsoprq.msc 3 108 Resultant Set of Policy (RSOP) rsop.msc 109 Scanners and Cameras sticpl.cpl 3 110 Scheduled Tasks control schedtasks 111 Security Center wscui.cpl 2, 1 112 Services services.msc 113 Shared Folder Wizard (create a shared folder) shrpubw 114 Shared Folders fsmgmt.msc 115 Shutdown Windows (Appendix-A2) shutdown –s –t 00 116 Sound Recorder sndrec32 3, 1 117 Sounds and Audio mmsys.cpl 118 SQL Client Configuration cliconfg 119 System Configuration Editor sysedit

120 System Configuration Utility msconfig 121 System File Checker (Purge File Cache) sfc /purgecache 3, 1 122 System File Checker (Return to Default Setting) sfc /revert 3, 1 123 System File Checker (Scan immediately) sfc /scannow 124 System File Checker (Scan On every boot) sfc /scanboot 3, 1 125 System File Checker (Scan Once at next boot) sfc /scanonce 3, 1 126 System File Checker (Set cache size to x in MB) sfc /cachesize=x 3, 1 127 System Information msinfo32 128 System Information winmsd 3 129 System Properties sysdm.cpl 130 Task Manager taskmgr 131 Telnet Client telnet 132 Telnet Server Admin tlntadmn 1 133 User Accounts control userpasswords 134 User Accounts 2 control userpasswords2 135 User Accounts Management nusrmgr.cpl 3 136 Utility Manager utilman 137 Windows Address Book wab 2 138 Windows Address Book Import Utility wabmig 2 139 Windows Backup Utility ntbackup 2, 1 140 Windows Diagnose winmsd 3 141 Windows Explorer explorer 142 Windows Firewall firewall.cpl 2 143 Windows Installer version checking msiexec 144 Windows Magnifier magnify 145 Windows Management Infrastructure (WMI) wmimgmt.msc 146 Windows Media Player (WMP) wmplayer 147 Windows Media Player 6.4.09 (old version) mplayer2 148 Windows Messenger msmsgs 2, 3 149 Windows NetMeeting conf 3 150 Windows Picture Import Wizard (require a camera) wiaacmgr 151 Windows Product Activation (WPA) status oobe/msoobe /a 3 152 Windows System Security Tool syskey 153 Windows Update Launches (update website) wupdmgr 2, 3 154 Windows Version Information winver 155 Windows WordPad wordpad 156 Windows Write write 157 Windows XP Registration Wizard (online) regwiz /r 3 158 Windows XP Tour Wizard tourstart 3 ADDENDUMS [Opening of “System Property” with a specific tab] TAB COMMAND 159 General control sysdm.cpl,,0 160 Computer Name control sysdm.cpl,,1 161 Hardware control sysdm.cpl,,2 162 Advanced control sysdm.cpl,,3 163 System Restore control sysdm.cpl,,4 164 Automatic Updates control sysdm.cpl,,5 165 Remote control sysdm.cpl,,6 [Opening “Add or Remove Programs” with a specific tab] 166 Change or Remove Programs: control appwiz.cpl,,0 167 Add new Programs (from CD-ROM/Floppy) control appwiz.cpl,,1 168 Add/Remove Windows Components control appwiz.cpl,,2 169 Set Program Access and Defaults control appwiz.cpl,,3 [Opening “Sound and Audio Device” with a specific tab] 170 Volume control mmsys.cpl,,0 171 Sounds control mmsys.cpl,,1 172 Audio control mmsys.cpl,,2 173 Voice control mmsys.cpl,,3 174 Hardware control mmsys.cpl,,4 [Opening “Desktop Property” with a specific tab] 175 Themes control desk.cpl 176 Desktop control desk.cpl,,0 177 Screen Saver control desk.cpl,,1

178 Appearance control desk.cpl,,2 179 Settings control desk.cpl,,3 Reference Notes: 1 The command / feature are changed / modified in Vista, Server 2008 and Windows 7. Please see Table-3, 4, 5, 8 and 9 for more information. 2 This feature re-named and improved. See Table-15 of Appendix-B for the new feature names relating to this command in Vista, Server 2008 and Windows 7. 3 This Command is removed or not available in Vista, Server 2008 and Windows 7. Network Run Commands Table-2 [Note: For Windows 2000, Server 2003 and Server 2008. See table-3, table-4 and table-5 for complete info. Also work for Windows XP / Vista / Windows 7 depending on the networking features] SL. APPLICATION COMMAND 01 Active Directory Domains and Trusts domain.msc 02 Active Directory installation (Directory Service) dcpromo 03 Active Directory Sites and Services dssite.msc 04 Active Directory Users and Computers dsa.msc 05 ADSI Edit adsiedit.msc 06 Certification Authority (CA) certsrv.msc 07 Cluster Administrator cluadmin 08 Component Services dcomcnfg 09 Computer Management compmgmt.msc 10 Configure Your Server Wizard cys 11 Connection Manager Administration Kit (CMAK) cmak 12 Distributed File System (DFS) dfsgui.msc 13 Domain Name System (DNS) dnsmgmt.msc 14 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) dhcpmgmt.msc 15 Event Viewer eventvwr.msc 16 File Server Management filesvr.msc 17 Internet Authentication Service (IAS) ias.msc 18 Internet Information Services (IIS) Manager iis.msc 19 IP Config: Display all the DHCP Class ID ipconfig /showclassid 20 IP Config: Display all the Ipv6 DHCP Class ID ipconfig /showclassid6 21 IP Config: Display DNS Resolver Cache ipconfig /displaydns 22 IP Config: Display full Configuration information ipconfig /all 23 IP Config: Modifies DHCP Class ID ipconfig /setclassid 24 IP Config: Modifies the Ipv6 DHCP Class ID ipconfig /setclassid6 25 IP Config: Purges the DNS Resolver cache ipconfig /flushdns 26 IP Config: Refreshes DHCP & re-registers DNS ipconfig /registerdns 27 IP Config: Release Ipv4 address for the adapter ipconfig /release 28 IP Config: Release Ipv6 address for the adapter ipconfig /release6 29 IP Config: Renew Ipv4 address for the adapter ipconfig /renew 30 IP Config: Renew Ipv6 address for the adapter ipconfig /renew6 31 Ipv4: install (on XP & 2003) (Appendix-A3) netsh interface ipv4 install 32 Ipv4: uninstall (on XP & 2003) netsh interface ipv4 uninstall 33 Ipv6: install (on Vista, 2008 and Win7) netsh interface ipv6 install 34 Ipv6: uninstall (on Vista, 2008 and Win7) netsh interface ipv6 uninstall 35 Licensing llsmgr 36 Network Load Balancing (NLB) Manager nlbmgr 37 Network Monitor netmon/netmon 38 ODBC Data Source Administrator odbcad32 39 ODBC Data Source Administrator odbccp32.cpl 40 Performance Monitor perfmon.msc 41 POP3 Service p3server.msc 42 Remote Desktops tsmmc.msc 43 Remote Storage rsadmin.msc 44 Routing and Remote Access rrasmgmt.msc 45 Security Configuration Wizard scw 46 Services services.msc 47 Terminal Server Licensing licmgr 48 Terminal Services Configuration tscc.msc

49 Terminal Services Manager tsadmin 50 Web Interface for Remote Administration serverappliance/securelaunch.vbs 51 Windows Deployment Services (WDS) wdsmgmt.msc 52 Windows Deployment Services Legacy risetup 53 WINS winsmgmt.msc Run Commands in Windows Vista Table-3 [Note: Use Table-1+Table-2+Table-9 for complete info on all Vista commands. All these commands will also work in Windows Server 2008 and Windows 7. See Appendix-B for changed feature names.] SL. APPLICATION COMMAND 01 Add Hardware Wizard hdwwiz 02 Advanced User Accounts netplwiz 03 Authorization Manager azman.msc 04 Bitlocker Notifier fvenotify 05 Bitlocker Wizard bitlockerwizard 06 Color Management colorcpl 07 Component Services comexp.msc 08 Computer Management Launcher compmgmtlauncher 09 Connect to a Network Projector netproj 10 Credential Backup and Restore Wizard credwiz 11 Digitizer Calibration Tool tabcal 12 DPI Scaling dpiscaling 13 Ease of Access Center (Accessibility) * sethc 14 Encrypting File System (EFS) rekeywiz 15 Fax Cover Sheet Editor fxscover 16 Firewall Control Panel * firewallcontrolpanel 17 Firewall Settings * firewallsettings 18 Group Policy Management Console * gpmc.msc 19 Hibernation: Disable powercfg /h off 20 Hibernation: Enable powercfg /h on 21 IIS Manager (IIS 6.0 only) # inetmgr6 22 IIS Manager (IIS 7.0 or later) inetmgr 23 Indexing Options control srchadmin.dll 24 Language Pack Installer lpksetup 25 Microsoft iSCSI Initiator iscsicpl 26 Microsoft Support Diagnostic Tool msdt 27 Network File System (NFS) nfsmgmt.msc 28 Offline Files control cscui.dll 29 People Near Me p2phost 30 Presentation Settings (Mobile PC) presentationsettings 31 Print Management printmanagement.msc 32 Printer Migration printbrmui 33 Problem Reports and Solutions # wercon 34 Programs and Features appwiz.cpl 35 Security Configuration Management secpol.msc 36 Snipping Tool snippingtool 37 Sound Recorder soundrecorder 38 Sound Volume sndvol 39 Sticky Notes stikynot 40 Sync Center mobsync 41 Tablet PC Input Panel tabtip 42 Task Scheduler taskschd.msc 43 Trusted Platform Module (TPM) tpm.msc 44 Trusted Platform Module (TPM) tpminit 45 Windows Activation Client slui 46 Windows Backup Utility sdclt 47 Windows Calendar * wincal 48 Windows DVD Maker dvdmaker 49 Windows Easy Transfer (WET) migwiz 50 Windows Fax and Scan wfs 51 Windows Features optionalfeatures 52 Windows Journal journal

53 Windows Mail * winmail 54 Windows Mobility Center (Mobile PC) mblctr 55 Windows Remote Assistance msra 56 Windows Sidebar # sidebar 57 Windows Update Application Launcher wuapp ADDENDUMS 58 Appearance Settings control desk.cpl,appearance@appearance 59 Color Scheme control /name ubsystem.personalization /page pagecolorization 60 Desktop background control /name ubsystem.personalization /page pagewallpaper 61 Display Settings (Screen resolution) control desk.cpl,settings@settings 62 Folder Options: File extension control /name ubsystem.defaultprograms associations /page pagefileassoc 63 Folder Options: Folder searching rundll32 shell32.dll,options_rundll 2 64 Folder Options: General rundll32 shell32.dll,options_rundll 0 65 Folder Options: View rundll32 shell32.dll,options_rundll 7 66 Multi-monitor control desk.cpl,monitor,@monitor 67 Power Options: Advanced Settings control powercfg.cpl,,3 page 68 Power Options: Create a power plan control /name ubsystem.poweroptions /page pagecreatenewplan 69 Power Options: Edit current plan control /name ubsystem.poweroptions settings /page pageplansettings 70 Power Options: System settings control /name ubsystem.poweroptions /page pageglobalsettings 71 Regional and Language Options: control /name Administrative ubsystem.regionalandlanguageoptions /page /p:”administrative” 72 Regional and Language Options: control /name Keyboard ubsystem.regionalandlanguageoptions /page /p:”keyboard” 73 Regional and Language Options: control /name Location ubsystem.regionalandlanguageoptions /page /p:”location” 74 Screensaver control desk.cpl,screensaver,@screensaver 75 Themes control desk.cpl,themes,@themes [Opening of “Advanced System Property” with a specific tab] 76 TAB COMMAND 77 Advanced System Settings systempropertiesadvanced 78 Computer Performance Settings systempropertiesperformance 79 Computer Name systempropertiescomputername 80 Data Execution Prevention Settings systempropertiesdataexecutionprevention 81 Hardware Settings systempropertieshardware 82 System Protection Settings systempropertiesprotection 83 System Remote Settings systempropertiesremote Note: * command doesn’t work in Windows 7. # Command/feature is Modified in Windows 7. Run Commands in Windows Server 2008 Table-4 [Note: These are new and additional commands to the table-2 and table-3.] SL. APPLICATION COMMAND 01 Security Configuration Wizard scw 02 Security Configuration Wizard viewer scwviewer 03 Server Manager compmgmtlauncher 04 Share and Storage Management storagemgmt.msc 05 Storage Explorer storexpl.msc 06 Terminal Service Manager tsadmin.msc 07 Terminal Services Configuration tsconfig.msc 08 Windows Firewall with Advanced Security wf.msc 09 Windows Memory Diagnostic Tool mdsched 10 Windows Server Backup wbadmin.msc

Run Commands in Windows 7 Table-5 [Note: These are new and additional commands to the table-3 and table-4 with Windows 7.] SL. APPLICATION COMMAND 01 Aero Troubleshooter msdt –id aerodiagnostic 02 ClearType Text Tuner cttune 03 Desktop Gadget Gallery sidebar /showgadgets 04 Device Manager devmgmt.msc 05 Device Manager hdwwiz.cpl 06 Device Pairing Application devicepairingwizard 07 Disk Defragment User Interface dfrgui 08 Display Color Calibration dccw 09 Display Switcher displayswitch 10 Display: Desktop Icon Settings control desk.cpl,,0 11 Display: Personalization control desk.cpl,,2 12 Display: Screen Resolution desk.cpl 13 Display: Screen Resolution control desk.cpl 14 Display: Screen Resolution control desk.cpl,,3 15 Display: Screen Resolution control desk.cpl,,4 16 Display: Screen Saver Settings control desk.cpl,,1 17 Display: Windows Color and Appearance control desk.cpl,,5 18 Event Translator Config Tool evntwin 19 Hardware and Devices troubleshooter msdt –id devicediagnostic 20 Math Input Panel (for Tablet PC) mip 21 NAP Client Configuration napclcfg.msc 22 Problem Steps Recorder psr 23 Resource Monitor perfmon /res 24 Scan Management scanmanagement.msc 25 Services For Network File System nfsmgmt.msc 26 Set Program Access and Computer Defaults computerdefaults 27 System Repair Disc (create) recdisc 28 User Account Control Settings useraccountcontrolsettings 29 Windows Anytime Upgrade Results windowsanytimeupgraderesults 30 Windows Easy Transfer Report migwiz/postmig 31 Windows Media Center ehome/ehshell 32 Windows PowerShell (ISE) powershell_ise 33 Windows PowerShell powershell 34 Windows Virtual PC vmwindow 35 WMI Control wmimgmt.msc 36 XPS Viewer xpsrchvw Miscellaneous 01 3D Text Screen Saver sstext3d.scr 02 Blank Screen Saver scrnsave.scr 03 Bubbles Screen Saver bubbles.scr 04 Mystify Screen Saver mystify.scr 05 Photos Screen Saver photoscreensaver.scr 06 Ribbons Screen Saver ribbons.scr Chapter – 2 Run Commands for Third-party Programs Table-6 [Note: These commands will work, only if the particular software / applications are installed.] SL. APPLICATION COMMAND 001 7-Zip 7zfm 002 ACDSee 2009 Showroom acdseesr 003 ACDSee Device Detector v5.0 devdetect 004 ACDSee FotoSlate v4.0 fotoslate4 005 ACDSee Photo Editor 2008 v5.0 acdseephotoeditor2008 006 ACDSee Photo Editor v4.0 acdseephotoeditor4

007 ACDSee Photo Manager 2008 v10.0 acdsee10 008 ACDSee Photo Manager 2009 v11.0 acdsee11 009 ACDSee Pro v2.0 acdseepro2 010 ACDSee Pro v2.5 acdseepro25 011 ACDSee Pro v3.0 acdseepro3 012 Acrobat Distiller acrodist 013 Acrobat Reader acrord32 014 Adobe Acrobat acrobat 015 Adobe Bridge bridge 016 Adobe FlashPaper flashprinter 017 Adobe ImageReady CS (formerly ImageReady) imageready 018 Adobe LiveCycle Designer formdesigner 019 Adobe PageMaker 6.5 pm56 020 Adobe PageMaker 7.0 (now InDesign CS) pm70 021 Adobe Photoshop CS (formerly Photoshop) photoshop 022 Alcohol 120% or Alcohol 50% alcohol 023 Apple iTunes Player itunes 024 Apple QuickTime Control Panel quicktime.cpl 025 Apple QuickTime Player quicktimeplayer 026 Babylon Dictionary babylon 027 BitComet bitcomet 028 BS Player Pro bsplayer 029 Change Analysis Diagnostic (Windows XP) statechangediag 030 CodeSmith Explorer codesmith 031 CodeSmith Professional codesmithstudio 032 Copernic Desktop Search desktopsearch 033 Cyberlink Power2Go power2go 034 CyberLink PowerDVD powerdvd 035 DirectX Control Panel ubsys.cpl 036 Eudora Mail Client eudora 037 FastStone Capture fscapture 038 FastStone Image Viewer fsviewer 039 GetRight Download Manager getright 040 Intel Graphics Controller Properties igfxcfg 041 InterVideo WinDVD windvd 042 IsoBuster isobuster 043 Java Control Panel (not in Win7) javacpl.cpl 044 Macromedia Dreamweaver dreamweaver 045 Macromedia Fireworks fireworks 046 Malicious Software Removal Tool (MSRT) mrt 047 Media Player Classic mplayerc 048 Media Player Classic Home Cinema mpc-hc 049 Microsoft Access msaccess 050 Microsoft ActiveSync wcesmgr 051 Microsoft Excel excel 052 Microsoft FrontPage frontpg 053 Microsoft InfoPath infopath 054 Microsoft iSCSI Initiator iscsicpl.cpl 055 Microsoft Office Document Imaging mspview 056 Microsoft Office Groove groove 057 Microsoft Office Picture Manager ois 058 Microsoft OneNote onenote 059 Microsoft Outlook outlook 060 Microsoft PowerPoint powerpnt 061 Microsoft Publisher mspub 062 Microsoft SharePoint Workspace 2010 groove 063 Microsoft Streets and Trips streets 064 Microsoft Word winword 065 Microsoft Works Calendar wkscal 066 Microsoft Works Database wksdb 067 Microsoft Works Portfolio wkssb 068 Microsoft Works Spreadsheet wksss 069 Microsoft Works Task Launcher msworks 070 Microsoft Works Word Processor wkswp

071 Mozilla Firefox firefox 072 Mozilla Firefox (Safe Mode) firefox –safe-mode 073 Nero BackItUp backitup 074 Nero Burning ROM nero 075 Nero BurnRights neroburnrights 076 Nero Express nero /w 077 Nero Home nerohome 078 Nero ImageDrive imagedrive 079 Nero MediaHome neromediahome 080 Nero PhotoSnap Viewer photosnapviewer 081 Nero Recode recode 082 Nero Scout neroscoutoptions 083 Nero ShowTime showtime 084 Nero SoundTrax soundtrax 085 Nero Vision nerovision 086 Nero Wave Editor waveedit 087 Norton 360 mainstub 088 Norton Antivirus (Full System Scan) navw32 /a 089 Norton Antivirus 2007 uistub 090 Norton Antivirus 2010: Symantec Security History mcui32 091 Norton Ghost vproconsole 092 Nview Desktop Manager nvtuicpl.cpl 093 OpenOffice.org soffice 094 OpenOffice.org Base (Database) sbase 095 OpenOffice.org Calc (Spreadsheet) scalc 096 OpenOffice.org Draw (Drawing) sdraw 097 OpenOffice.org Impress (Presentation) simpress 098 OpenOffice.org Math (Math formula) smath 099 OpenOffice.org Writer (Word Processor) swriter 100 Opens AC3 Filter ac3filter.cpl 101 Oracle SQL Plus sqlplusw 102 RealPlayer SP (formerly RealPlayer) realplay 103 RealPlayer SP Converter realconverter 104 Speccy speccys 105 Tweak UI tweakui 106 Vmware Player vmplayer 107 Vmware Virtual Machine Console vmware –l 108 Vmware Workstation vmware 109 Winamp winamp 110 Windows Phone Book Administrator pbadmin 111 Windows PowerToy Calculator powercalc 112 WinRAR winrar 113 WinZip winzip 114 WinZip Self-Extractor wzipse32 115 XPS Viewer EP (Appendix-A4) xpsrchvw 116 X-Setup Pro xqdcxspstart Control Panel Applets commands [Control Panel item using its canonical name: in Vista, Server 2008 and Windows 7.] Table-7 [Note: See Appendix-A5] SL. APPLICATION COMMAND Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008 01 Add Hardware control /name Microsoft.AddHardware 02 Administrative Tools control /name Microsoft.AdministrativeTools 03 Advanced Network Sharing control /name Microsoft.NetworkandSharingCenter /page Settings Advanced 04 AutoPlay control /name Microsoft.AutoPlay 05 Backup and Restore Center control /name Microsoft.BackupAndRestoreCenter 06 Bitlocker Drive Encryption control /name Microsoft.BitlockerDriveEncryption 07 Color Management control /name Microsoft.ColorManagement 08 Date and Time control /name Microsoft.DateAndTime 09 Default Programs control /name Microsoft.DefaultPrograms

10 Device Manager control /name Microsoft.DeviceManager 11 Display control /name Microsoft.Display 12 Ease of Access Center control /name Microsoft.EaseOfAccessCenter 13 Folder Options control /name Microsoft.FolderOptions 14 Fonts control /name Microsoft.Fonts 15 Game Controllers control /name Microsoft.GameControllers 16 Indexing Options control /name Microsoft.IndexingOptions 17 Infrared control /name Microsoft.InfraredOptions 18 Internet Options control /name Microsoft.InternetOptions 19 iSCSI Initiator control /name Microsoft.iSCSIInitiator 20 Keyboard Settings control /name Microsoft.Keyboard 21 Mouse control /name Microsoft.Mouse 22 Network Sharing Center control /name Microsoft.NetworkandSharingCenter 23 Offline Files control /name Microsoft.OfflineFiles 24 Parental Controls control /name Microsoft.ParentalControls 25 Pen and Input Devices control /name Microsoft.PenAndInputDevices 26 People Near Me control /name Microsoft.PeopleNearMe 27 Performance Information and control /name Microsoft.PerformanceInformationAndTools Tools 28 Personalization control /name Microsoft.Personalization 29 Phone and Modems control /name Microsoft.PhoneAndModemsOptions 30 Power Options control /name Microsoft.PowerOptions 31 Printers control /name Microsoft.Printers 32 Problems Reports and control /name Microsoft.ProblemsReportsAndSolutions Solutions 33 Programs and Feature control /name Microsoft.ProgramsAndFeature 34 Regional and Language control /name Microsoft.RegionalAndLanguageOptions Options 35 Scanners and Cameras control /name Microsoft.ScannersAndCameras 36 Sound control /name Microsoft.AudioDevicesAndSoundThemes 37 Speech Recognition Options control /name Microsoft.SpeechRecognitionOptions 38 Sync Center control /name Microsoft.SyncCenter 39 System control /name Microsoft.System 40 Tablets PC Settings control /name Microsoft.TabletsPCSettings 41 Tablets PC Settings Buttons control /name Microsoft.TabletsPCSettings /page Buttons 42 Taskbars and Start Menu control /name Microsoft.TaskbarsAndStartMenu 43 Text to Speech control /name Microsoft.TextToSpeech 44 User Accounts control /name Microsoft.UserAccounts 45 Welcome Center control /name Microsoft.WelcomeCenter 46 Windows Anytime Upgrade control /name Microsoft.WindowsAnytimeUpgrade 47 Windows CardSpace control /name Microsoft.CardSpace 48 Windows Defender control /name Microsoft.WindowsDefender 49 Windows Firewall control /name Microsoft.WindowsFirewall 50 Windows Marketplace control /name Microsoft.GetProgramsOnline 51 Windows Mobility Center control /name Microsoft.MobilityCenter 52 Windows Security Center control /name Microsoft.SecurityCenter 53 Windows Sidebar Properties control /name Microsoft.WindowsSidebarProperties 54 Windows SideShow control /name Microsoft.WindowsSideshow 55 Windows Update control /name Microsoft.WindowsUpdate For Windows 7 and Later OS only 56 Action Center control /name Microsoft.ActionCenter 57 Backup and Restore control /name Microsoft.BackupAndRestore 58 Biometric Devices control /name Microsoft.BiometricDevices 59 Credential Manager control /name Microsoft.CredentialManager 60 Default Location control /name Microsoft.DefaultLocation 61 Desktop Gadgets control /name Microsoft.DesktopGadgets 62 Devices and Printer control /name Microsoft.DevicesAndPrinter 63 Get Programs control /name Microsoft.GetPrograms 64 Getting Started control /name Microsoft.GettingStarted 65 Homegroup control /name Microsoft.HomeGroup 66 Infrared control /name Microsoft.Infrared 67 Location and Other Sensors control /name Microsoft.LocationAndOtherSensors 68 Notification Area Icons control /name Microsoft.NotificationAreaIcons 69 Pen and Touch control /name Microsoft.PenAndTouch

70 Phone and Modem control /name Microsoft.PhoneAndModem 71 Recovery (Appendix-A7) control /name Microsoft.Recovery 72 Region and Language control /name Microsoft.RegionAndLanguage 73 RemoteApp and Desktop control /name Connections Microsoft.RemoteAppAndDesktopConnections 74 Sound control /name Microsoft.Sound 75 Speech Recognition control /name Microsoft.SpeechRecognition 76 Taskbar and Start Menu control /name Microsoft.TaskbarAndStartMenu 77 Troubleshooting control /name Microsoft.Troubleshooting Command-line Tools: Windows XP / Server 2003 Table-8 [Note: For Windows XP and Server 2003 (also works in Vista / Server 2008 / Windows 7 or later). 115+ command-line tools with its descriptions. For usage use /? Switch after a command.] SL. TOOL DESCRIPTION 001 append Allows programs to open data files in specified directories as if they were in the current directory. 002 arp Displays and modifies the IP-to-Physical address translation tables used by address resolution protocol (ARP). 003 at The AT command schedules commands and programs to run on a computer at a specified time and date. The Schedule service must be running to use the AT command. 004 atmadm Windows ATM Call Manager Utility. 005 attrib Attribute Utility. Displays or changes file attributes. 006 auditusr Audit User Program. Sets per user auditing policy. 007 bootcfg Boot Config Tool. Modifies the Boot.ini file for boot configuration and recovery. This command line tool can be used to configure, query, change or delete the boot entry settings in the BOOT.INI file. 008 blastcln Microsoft Blaster/Nachi removal tool. 009 cacls Control ACLs Program. Displays or modifies access control lists of files. 010 chkdsk Check Disk Utility. Checks a disk for logical file system error and displays a status report. 011 chkntfs NTFS Volume Maintenance Utility. Displays or modifies the checking of disk at boot time. 012 cipher File Encryption Utility. Displays or alters the encryption of directories [files] on NTFS partitions. 013 cmd Windows Command Processor. Performs text-based (command-line) functions. 014 comp File Compare Utility. Compares the contents of two files or sets of files. 015 compact File Compress Utility. Displays or alters the compression of files on NTFS partitions. 016 convert File System Conversion Utility. Converts FAT volumes to NTFS. 017 cscript Windows Script Host command line mode. 018 defrag Disk Defragmenter Module. 019 diantz Microsoft Cabinet Maker. 020 diskpart Disk partitioning Application. Manages partitions on hard disk volumes. The variable device is the device name for a new partition (such as \device\harddisk0\partition1). The variable size is the size, in megabytes. 021 diskperf Disk Performance Configuration Utility. 022 doskey Keyboard History Utility. Edits command lines, recalls Windows XP commands and creates macros. 023 driverquery Driver Query. Enables an administrator to enumerate and display the list of installed device drivers as well as their properties. 024 edlin Edlin. A line-oriented text editor. 025 esentutl Server Database Storage Utilities. Maintenance utilities for Microsoft Windows databases. 026 eventcreate Event Create. This command line tool enables an administrator to create a custom event ID and message in a specified event log. 027 eventtriggers Event Triggers. This command-line tool enables an administrator to display and configure “Event Triggers” on local or remote system. 028 exe2bin Converts .EXE (executable) files to binary format. 029 expand LZ Expansion Utility. Microsoft File Expansion Utility. Expands one or more compressed files. This command is used to retrieve compressed files from distribution disks. 030 fc DOS 5 File Compare Utility. Compares two files or sets of files and displays the

differences between them. 031 find Searches for a text string in a file or files. If a path is not specified, FIND searches the text typed at the prompt or piped from another command. 032 findstr Searches for strings in files. 033 finger TCPIP Finger Command. Displays information about a user on a specified system running the Finger service. Output varies based on the remote system. 034 fltmc Filter Manager Control Program. 035 forcedos Force DOS Execute Utility. 036 fsutil File system management utility. 037 ftp File Transfer Program. Uploads/downloads files on a network. This command helps you determine whether Application layer functions can work on the network. 038 getmac Get MAC Address. This command line tool enables an administrator to display the MAC address for one or more network adapters on a system. 039 gpresult Query RSOP Data. Group Policy Result tool. 040 gpupdate Microsoft Group Policy Refresh Utility. Refreshes Policy settings. 041 help Command Line Help Utility for Windows XP commands. 042 ipconfig IP Configuration Utility. Shows the IP configuration of network adapters installed in a computer. From the results of this command, you can determine whether you have incorrectly addressed the adapter or the default gateway or whether the adapter was unable to obtain an address from the DHCP server. Use the /all switch to show all IP configuration information. 043 ipsec6 Ipv6 Security Configuration Utility. 044 ipv6 Ipv6 Configuration Utility. 045 ipxroute NWLink IPX Routing and Source Routing Control Program. 046 label Disk Label Utility. Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk. 047 lodctr Updates Performance Monitor counter names and explain text for an extensible counter. 048 logman Logman manages the “Performance Logs and Alerts” service for creating and managing Event Trace, Session logs and Performance logs. 049 logoff Session Logoff Utility. 050 lpd TCP/IP Lpq Command. Displays the state of a remote lpd queue. 051 lpr TCP/IP Lpr Command. Sends a print job to a network printer. Executes a print job on a network printer. 052 makecab Microsoft Cabinet Maker. 053 mmcperf MMC Performance Tool. 054 mountvol Mount Volume Utility. Creates, deletes, or lists a volume mount point. 055 mqbkup Windows NT, Microsoft Message Queue (MSMQ) Backup/Restore Utility. 056 mrinfo Multicast Information. 057 msg Message Utility. Send a message to a user. 058 nbtstat TCP/IP NetBios Information. Displays protocol statistics and current TCP/IP connections using NBT (NetBIOS over TCP/IP). Similar to netstat, except that it resolves NetBIOS names to IP addresses. 059 net Net Command. 060 netsh Network Shell Command. 061 netstat TCP/IP Netstat Command. Displays protocol statistics and current TCP/IP network connections. Displays Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) connections and protocol statistics. 062 nlsfunc Loads country-specific information. 063 nslookup Show and configure DNS information and settings. Checks DNS entries. 064 openfiles Enables an administrator to list or disconnect files and folders that have been opened on a system. 065 pathping TCP/IP PathPing Command. 066 ping TCP/IP Ping Command. Uses an echo command to establish whether packets can be routed at the Network layer on a network. 067 ping6 Ipv6 Ping Command. 068 powercfg Power Settings Command-Line Tool. This command line tool enables an administrator to control the power settings on a system. 069 print Prints a text file. 070 proxycfg Microsoft WinHTTP Default Proxy Configuration Tool. 071 qappsrv Query Terminal Server Utility. Displays the available application terminal servers on the network. 072 qprocess Query Process Utility. Displays information about processes. 073 qwinsta Display information about Terminal Sessions. 074 rasdial Remote Access Client Side Command Line Dial UI.

075 rcp Copies files to and from computer running the RCP service. 076 recover Recover Files Utility. Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk. 077 reg Registry Console Tool. Console Registry Tool for Windows. 078 regsvr32 Microsoft Register Server. This command-line tool registers .dll files as command components in the registry. 079 regwiz Windows XP Registration Wizard. Use /r switch to register Windows. 080 relog Relog creates new performance logs from data in existing performance logs by changing the sampling rate and/or converting the file format. Supports all performance log formats, including Windows NT 4.0 compressed logs. 081 replace Replace File Utility. Replaces files. 082 reset Terminal Services Reset Utility. 083 rexec TCP/IP Remote Exec Command. Runs commands on remote hosts running the REXEC service. Rexec authenticates the user name on the remote host before executing the specified command. 084 route Manipulates network routing tables. 085 rsm Removable Storage Manager Command Line Interface. 086 runas Run As Utility. 087 rwinsta Reset Session Utility. Reset the session ubsystem hardware and software to known initial values. 088 sc A tool to aid in developing services for Windows NT. SC is a command line program used for communicating with the NT Service Controller and services. 089 schtasks Schedule Tasks. Enables an administrator to create, delete, query, change, run and end scheduled tasks on a local or remote system. Replaces at.exe. 090 secedit Windows Security Configuration Editor Command Tool. 091 setver Sets the version number that MS-DOS report to a program. 092 sfc Windows XP Windows File Checker. Scans all protected system files and replaces incorrect versions with correct Microsoft versions. 093 shadow Monitor another Terminal Services session. 094 shutdown Windows Remote Shutdown Tool. 095 sort Sort Utility. 096 subst Associates a path with a drive letter. 097 systeminfo System Information. This command line tool enables an administrator to query for basic system configuration information. 098 taskkill Kill Process. This command line tool can be used to end one or more processes. Processes can be killed by the process id or image name. 099 tasklist This command line tool displays a list of application(s) and associated task(s)/process(es) currently running on either a local or remote system. 100 telnet Microsoft Telnet Client. Establishes a character-based session with a Telnet server across a network. This command helps you determine whether Session layer functions can work on a network. 101 tftp Trivial File Transfer Protocol App. Transfers files to and from a remote computer running the TFTP service. 102 tlntadmn Telnet Administration. 103 tracerpt Event Trace Report Tool. Tracerpt processes binary Event Trace Session log files or real-time streams from instrumented Event Trace providers and creates a report or a text (CSV) file describing the events generated. 104 tracert TCP/IP Traceroute Command. Shows all the routing hops that a packet takes to reach a destination on a network. 105 tracert6 Ipv6 Traceroute Command. 106 tscon Session Connection Utility. Attaches a user session to a terminal session. 107 tsdiscon Session Disconnection Utility. Disconnects a terminal session. 108 tskill Terminal Services End Process Utility. Ends a process. 109 tsshutdn System Shutdown Utility. Shut down a server in a controlled manner. 110 typeperf Command line performance monitor. Typeperf writes performance data to the command window or to a log file. To stop Typeperf, press CTRL+C. 111 tzchange Timezone change tool. A command Line utility to make timezone changes. 112 unlodctr Unload PerfMon Counters. Removes counter names and explain text for the specified extensible counter. 113 vssadmin Command Line Interface for Microsoft Volume Shadow Copy Service. 114 w32tm Windows Time Service Diagnostic Tool. 115 winmsd System Information. Replaced by msinfo32.exe. 116 winver Windows Version Checking Tool. 117 wscript Windows Script Host GUI mode. 118 xcopy Copies files and directory trees.

Command-line Tools: Vista / Server 2008 / Windows 7 Table-9 [Note: New command-line tools those are available in Vista and Windows 7, also in Windows Server 2008. For complete info, use table-8 along with this table.] SL. TOOL DESCRIPTION 01 auditpol Configure, create, back up and restore audit policies on any computer in the organization from the command line with verbose logging. Replaces auditusr.exe. 02 bcdedit Edit the Boot Configuration Data Store. 03 bitsadmin BITS administration utility. 04 change Change terminal server settings for logons, COM port mappings and install mode. 05 chglogon Enable or disable session logons. 06 chgport List or change COM port mappings for DOS application compatibility. 07 chgusr Change install mode. 08 choice Allow users to select one item from a list of choices and return the index of the selected choice. 09 clip Redirect the output of command-line tools to the Windows Clipboard. 10 cmdkey Create, display, and delete stored user names and passwords. 11 diskraid Launch the diskraid application. 12 diskpart Expanded to support hard disks with the GUID Partition Table, and a new “shrink” command has been added which facilitates shrinking a pre-existing NTFS partition. 13 dispdiag Display diagnostics information. 14 forfiles Select a file (or files) and execute a command on that file. 15 icacls Display or modify access control lists (ACLs) of files; an updated version of cacls. 16 iscsicli The Microsoft iSCSI Initiator. 17 mklink Create, modify and delete junctions, hard links, and symbolic links. 18 muiunattend The MUI Unattended Action. 19 netcfg The WinPE Network Installer. 20 ocsetup The Windows Optional Component Setup. 21 pkgmgr The Windows Package Manager. 22 pnpunattend Used for unattended online driver installation. 23 pnputil The Microsoft Plug and Play (PnP) Utility. 24 quser Display information about users logged on to the system. 25 query Query command. Syntax {Process|Session|TermServer|User}. 26 robocopy The Robust File Copy for Windows tool. 27 rpcping Ping a server using Remote Procedure Call (RPC). 28 setx Create or modify environment variables in the user or system environment. 29 sxstrace The WinSxs tracing utility. 30 takeown Recover access to a file that was denied by reassigning file ownership. 31 timeout Accept a timeout parameter to wait for the specified time period or until any key is pressed. 32 tracerpt The TraceRpt tool. 33 waitfor Sends, or waits for, a signal on a system. When /S is not specified, the signal will be broadcasted to all the systems in a domain. If /S is specified, then the signal will be sent only to the specified system. 34 wbadmin Start the backup tool. 35 wceutil The Windows Event Collector utility. 36 wevtutil The Windows Event command-line utility. 37 where Display the location of files that match the search pattern. 38 whoami Retrieve user name and group information, along with the respective security identifiers (SIDs), privileges, logon identifier (logon ID) for the current user (access token) on the local system, i.e. the current logged on user. If no switch is specified, the tool displays the user name in NTLM format (domain\username). 39 winrm The Windows Remote Management tool. 40 winrs Windows Remote Shell (WinRS) allows establishing secure Windows Remote Management sessions to multiple remote computers from a single console. 41 winsat The Windows System Assessment tool.

Advance Rundll32 Commands [Note: These are the internal Windows commands based on the rundll32.exe file, to run the specific command to work. You can use these commands to create shortcuts. Here rundll32=rundll32.exe, Win7=Windows 7. See Appendix-A5] Table-10 SL. FEATURE with RUNDLL32 COMMAND Windows 2000 / XP / Server 2003 01 Accessibility Options Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL access.cpl 02 Add/Remove Programs: (Change or Remove Programs) RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL appwiz.cpl,,0 03 Add/Remove Programs: (Add New Programs) RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL appwiz.cpl,,1 04 Add/Remove Programs: (Add/Remove Windows Components) RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL appwiz.cpl,,2 05 Add/Remove Programs: (Set Programs Access and Defaults) RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL appwiz.cpl,,3 06 Content Advisor – IE RunDll32 msrating.dll,RatingSetupUI 07 Control Panel RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL 08 Delete All (Browsing History – IE7 / IE8) RunDll32 InetCpl.cpl,ClearMyTracksByProcess 255 09 Delete Cookies RunDll32 InetCpl.cpl,ClearMyTracksByProcess 2 10 Delete Form Data RunDll32 InetCpl.cpl,ClearMyTracksByProcess 16 11 Delete Files and Settings Stored by Add-Ons RunDll32 InetCpl.cpl,ClearMyTracksByProcess 4351 12 Delete History RunDll32 InetCpl.cpl,ClearMyTracksByProcess 1 13 Delete Passwords RunDll32 InetCpl.cpl,ClearMyTracksByProcess 32 14 Delete Temporary Internet Files RunDll32 InetCpl.cpl,ClearMyTracksByProcess 8 15 Desktop Property- Themes Tab RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL desk.cpl 16 Desktop Property- Desktop Tab RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL desk.cpl,,0 17 Desktop Property- Screen Saver Tab RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL desk.cpl,,1 18 Desktop Property- Appearance Tab RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL desk.cpl,,2 19 Desktop Property- Settings Tab RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL desk.cpl,,3 20 Device Manager Rundll32 devmgr.dll DeviceManager_Execute 21 Folder Options RunDll32 shell32.dll,Options_RunDLL 22 Forgotten Password Wizard Rundll32 keymgr.dll,PRShowSaveWizardExW 23 Game Controller Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL joy.cpl 24 Hibernate Rundll32 powrprof.dll,SetSuspendState 25 Lock Screen Rundll32 user32.dll,LockWorkStation 26 Map Network Drives Rundll32 Shell32.dll,SHHelpShortcuts_RunDLL Connect 27 Mouse Properties Dialog Box: Buttons tab Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL main.cpl @0,0 28 Mouse Properties Dialog Box: Pointers tab Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL main.cpl @0,1

29 Mouse Properties Dialog Box: Pointers Options tab Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL main.cpl @0,2 30 Mouse Properties Dialog Box: Wheel tab Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL main.cpl @0,3 31 Mouse Properties Dialog Box: Hardware tab Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL main.cpl @0,4 32 Mouse Button – Changing Left-to-Right and vice versa Rundll32 User32.dll,SwapMouseButton 33 Network Connections RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL ncpa.cpl 34 Network Setup Wizard Rundll32 hnetwiz.dll,HomeNetWizardRunDll 35 Organize Favorites Rundll32 shdocvw.dll,DoOrganizeFavDlg 36 Phone and Modem options RunDll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL telephon.cpl 37 Power Options RunDll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL powercfg.cpl 38 Printer and Faxes folder Rundll32 Shell32.dll,SHHelpShortcuts_RunDLL PrintersFolder 39 Regional and Language Options: Regional Options Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Intl.cpl,,0 40 Regional and Language Options: Languages Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Intl.cpl,,1 41 Regional and Language Options: Advanced Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Intl.cpl,,2 42 Safely Remove Hardware Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL HotPlug.dll 43 Sound and Audio Device Properties: Volume tab Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Mmsys.cpl,,0 44 Sound and Audio Device Properties: Sounds tab Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Mmsys.cpl,,1 45 Sound and Audio Device Properties: Audio tab Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Mmsys.cpl,,2 46 Sound and Audio Device Properties: Voice tab Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Mmsys.cpl,,3 47 Sound and Audio Device Properties: Hardware tab Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Mmsys.cpl,,4 48 Stored Username and Passwords Rundll32 keymgr.dll,KRShowKeyMgr 49 System Properties: General tab Rundll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl 50 System Properties: Computer Name tab Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Sysdm.cpl,,1 51 System Properties: Hardware tab Rundll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl,,2 52 System Properties: Advanced tab Rundll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl,,3 53 System Properties: System Restore tab Rundll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl,,4 54 System Properties: Automatic Updates tab Rundll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl,,5 55 System Properties: Remote Tab Rundll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl,,6 56 System Properties: Performance (Visual Effects) Rundll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl,,-1 57 Taskbar Properties Rundll32 shell32.dll,Options_RunDLL 1 58 Time and Date Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL timedate.cpl 59 User Accounts Rundll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL nusrmgr.cpl 60 Windows Firewall Rundll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL firewall.cpl 61 Windows Fonts Folder

Rundll32 Shell32.dll,SHHelpShortcuts_RunDLL FontsFolder 62 Wireless Network Setup Wizard Rundll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL NetSetup.cpl,@0,WNSW 63 Windows Security Center Rundll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL wscui.cpl 64 Windows Update Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL wuaucpl.cpl Vista / Server 2008 / Windows 7 65 Add/Remove Programs: (Programs and Features) RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL appwiz.cpl,,0 66 Add/Remove Programs: (Turn Windows Features On or Off) RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL appwiz.cpl,,2 67 Add/Remove Programs: (Set Programs Access and Computer Defaults) RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL appwiz.cpl,,3 68 Desktop Property: Desktop Icons Tab RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL desk.cpl,,0 69 Desktop Property: Screen Saver Settings Tab RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL desk.cpl,,1 70 Desktop Property: Appearance Settings (Win7: Personalization) RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL desk.cpl,,2 71 Desktop Property: Monitor Settings (Win7: Screen Resolution) RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL desk.cpl,,3 72 Folder Options: Folder searching rundll32 shell32.dll,options_rundll 2 73 Folder Options: General rundll32 shell32.dll,options_rundll 0 74 Folder Options: View rundll32 shell32.dll,options_rundll 7 75 Mouse Properties Dialog Box: Buttons tab Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL main.cpl @0,0 76 Mouse Properties Dialog Box: Pointers tab Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL main.cpl @0,1 77 Mouse Properties Dialog Box: Pointers Options tab Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL main.cpl @0,2 78 Mouse Properties Dialog Box: Wheel tab Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL main.cpl @0,3 79 Mouse Properties Dialog Box: Hardware tab Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL main.cpl @0,4 80 Printer and Faxes folder (Win7: Printers) Rundll32 Shell32.dll,SHHelpShortcuts_RunDLL PrintersFolder 81 Regional and Language Options: Format Options Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Intl.cpl,,0 82 Regional and Language Options: Location Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Intl.cpl,,1 83 Regional and Language Options: Keyboard and Language Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Intl.cpl,,2 84 Regional and Language Options: Administrative Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Intl.cpl,,2 85 Sound and Audio Device Properties: Playback tab (Win7) Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Mmsys.cpl,,0 86 Sound and Audio Device Properties: Recording tab (Win7) Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Mmsys.cpl,,1 87 Sound and Audio Device Properties: Sounds tab (Win7) Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Mmsys.cpl,,2 88 Sound and Audio Device Properties: Communications tab (Win7) Rundll32 Shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL Mmsys.cpl,,3 89 Stored Username and Passwords (Win7: Credential Manager) RunDll32 keymgr.dll,KRShowKeyMgr 90 System Properties: Computer Name Tab RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl 91 System Properties: Hardware Tab RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl,,2 92 System Properties: Advance Tab RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl,,3 93 System Properties: System Protection Tab

Rundll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl,,4 94 System Properties: Remote Tab Rundll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl,,5 95 Windows Security Center (Win7: Action Center) RunDll32 shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL wscui.cpl Chapter – 3 Command-cum-Shortcuts [Note: These commands can be used to opening / doing a specific task and to create a shortcut for frequent use. See Appendix-A5] Locking System: %WinDir%\system32\rundll32 user32.dll, LockWorkStation Hibernate System: %WinDir%\System32\rundll32 PowrProf.dll, SetSuspendState Note: Hibernate option must be enabled in the “Power Options” from Control Panel. Otherwise the system will go to standby mode. Shutdown System: Abort Shutdown: %SystemRoot%\System32\shutdown –a Log Off: %SystemRoot%\System32\shutdown –s –t 00 Restart: %SystemRoot%\System32\shutdown –r –f –t 00 Shutdown: %SystemRoot%\System32\shutdown –s –f –t 00 Note: Replace 00 preferably with any two digit number. Add or Remove Programs with specific tab: Change or Remove Programs: %SystemRoot%\system32\control appwiz.cpl,,0 Add New Programs (CD-ROM/Floppy): %SystemRoot%\system32\control appwiz.cpl,,1 Add/Remove Windows Components: %SystemRoot%\system32\control appwiz.cpl,,2 Set Program Access and Defaults: %SystemRoot%\system32\control appwiz.cpl,,3 Device Manager: %SystemRoot%\System32\mmc %SystemRoot%\system32\devmgmt.msc Computer Management: %WinDir%\system32\mmc /s %WinDir%\system32\compmgmt.msc IP Configuration: %SystemRoot%\system32\cmd /k %SystemRoot%\system32\ipconfig /all Microsoft Update: %SystemRoot%\system32\rundll32 %SystemRoot%\system32\muweb.dll,LaunchMUSite Unique and Special Commands Current User Location . Documents and Settings .. (Same as “Users” folder in Vista and Win7) My Computer … System Partition \ Selective Windows Startup options: loading win.ini win.ini Selective Windows Startup options: loading system.ini system.ini GUID Commands (through Run) [Note: Here the GUID command uses the Windows Shell to execute a task. All these commands may not work always. To create shortcut using these commands in this table see Apendix-A5 and See Table-15 for the new and changed name in Vista and Windows 7.] Table-11 SL. Control Panel Applet / Feature GUID / COMMAND CODE WINDOWS XP 01 My Computer ::{20D04FE0-3AEA-1069-A2D8-08002B30309D} 02 My Documents ::{450D8FBA-AD25-11D0-98A8-0800361B1103} 03 My Network Places ::{208D2C60-3AEA-1069-A2D7-08002B30309D} 04 Network Connections ::{7007ACC7-3202-11D1-AAD2-00805FC1270E} 05 Printers and Faxes ::{2227A280-3AEA-1069-A2DE-08002B30309D} 06 Recycle Bin ::{645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E} 07 Scheduled Tasks ::{D6277990-4C6A-11CF-8D87-00AA0060F5BF} 08 Web Browser (Default) ::{871C5380-42A0-1069-A2EA-08002B30309D} WINDOWS VISTA AND WINDOWS 7 (Special) 01 Action Center shell:::{BB64F8A7-BEE7-4E1A-AB8D-7D8273F7FDB6} 02 Add Hardware shell:::{7A979262-40CE-46FF-AEEE-7884AC3B6136}

03 Administrative Tools shell:::{D20EA4E1-3957-11D2-A40B-0C5020524153} 04 AutoPlay shell:::{9C60DE1E-E5FC-40F4-A487-460851A8D915} 05 Backup and Restore shell:::{B98A2BEA-7D42-4558-8BD1-832F41BAC6FD} 06 Biometrics Devices shell:::{0142E4D0-FB7A-11DC-BA4A-000FFE7AB428} 07 BitLocker Drive Encryption shell:::{D9EF8727-CAC2-4E60-809E-86F80A666C91} 08 Color Management shell:::{B2C761C6-29BC-4F19-9251-E6195265BAF1} 09 Computer shell:::{20D04FE0-3AEA-1069-A2D8-08002B30309D} 10 Control Panel: Category view shell:::{26EE0668-A00A-44D7-9371-BEB064C98683} 11 Control Panel: Complete list shell:::{ED7BA470-8E54-465E-825C-99712043E01C} 12 Control Panel: Icon view shell:::{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D} 13 Credential Manager shell:::{1206F5F1-0569-412C-8FEC-3204630DFB70} 14 Date and Time shell:::{E2E7934B-DCE5-43C4-9576-7FE4F75E7480} 15 Default Location shell:::{00C6D95F-329C-409A-81D7-C46C66EA7F33} 16 Default Programs shell:::{17CD9488-1228-4B2F-88CE-4298E93E0966} 17 Desktop Gadgets shell:::{37EFD44D-EF8D-41B1-940D-96973A50E9E0} 18 Device Manager shell:::{74246BFC-4C96-11D0-ABEF-0020AF6B0B7A} 19 Printers shell:::{2227A280-3AEA-1069-A2DE-08002B30309D} 20 Devices and Printers shell:::{A8A91A66-3A7D-4424-8D24-04E180695C7A} 21 Display shell:::{C555438B-3C23-4769-A71F-B6D3D9B6053A} 22 Documents shell:::{450D8FBA-AD25-11D0-98A8-0800361B1103} 23 Ease of Access Center shell:::{D555645E-D4F8-4C29-A827-D93C859C4F2A} 24 Folder Options shell:::{6DFD7C5C-2451-11D3-A299-00C04F8EF6AF} 25 Fonts shell:::{93412589-74D4-4E4E-AD0E-E0CB621440FD} 26 Game Controllers shell:::{259EF4B1-E6C9-4176-B574-481532C9BCE8} 27 Get Programs shell:::{15EAE92E-F17A-4431-9F28-805E482DAFD4} 28 Getting Started shell:::{CB1B7F8C-C50A-4176-B604-9E24DEE8D4D1} 29 HomeGroup shell:::{67CA7650-96E6-4FDD-BB43-A8E774F73A57} 30 Indexing Options shell:::{87D66A43-7B11-4A28-9811-C86EE395ACF7} 31 Infrared shell:::{A0275511-0E86-4ECA-97C2-ECD8F1221D08} 32 Internet Options shell:::{A3DD4F92-658A-410F-84FD-6FBBBEF2FFFE} 33 iSCSI Initiator shell:::{A304259D-52B8-4526-8B1A-A1D6CECC8243} 34 Keyboard shell:::{725BE8F7-668E-4C7B-8F90-46BDB0936430} 35 Location and Other Sensors shell:::{E9950154-C418-419E-A90A-20C5287AE24B} 36 Manage Wireless Networks shell:::{1FA9085F-25A2-489B-85D4-86326EEDCD87} 37 Mouse shell:::{6C8EEC18-8D75-41B2-A177-8831D59D2D50} 38 Network and Sharing Center shell:::{8E908FC9-BECC-40F6-915B-F4CA0E70D03D} 39 Network Connections shell:::{7007ACC7-3202-11D1-AAD2-00805FC1270E} 40 Network Places shell:::{208D2C60-3AEA-1069-A2D7-08002B30309D} 41 Notification Area Icons shell:::{05D7B0F4-2121-4EFF-BF6B-ED3F69B894D9} 42 Offline Files shell:::{D24F75AA-4F2B-4D07-A3C4-469B3D9030C4} 43 Parental Controls shell:::{96AE8D84-A250-4520-95A5-A47A7E3C548B} 44 Pen and Touch shell:::{F82DF8F7-8B9F-442E-A48C-818EA735FF9B} 45 People Near Me shell:::{5224F545-A443-4859-BA23-7B5A95BDC8EF} 46 Performance Information and Tools shell:::{78F3955E-3B90-4184-BD14-5397C15F1EFC} 47 Personalization shell:::{ED834ED6-4B5A-4BFE-8F11-A626DCB6A921} 48 Phone and Modem shell:::{40419485-C444-4567-851A-2DD7BFA1684D} 49 Power Options shell:::{025A5937-A6BE-4686-A844-36FE4BEC8B6D} 50 Problem Reports and Solutions shell:::{FCFEECAE-EE1B-4849-AE50-685DCF7717EC} 51 Programs and Features shell:::{7B81BE6A-CE2B-4676-A29E-EB907A5126C5} 52 Recovery shell:::{9FE63AFD-59CF-4419-9775-ABCC3849F861} 53 Recycle Bin shell:::{645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E} 54 Region and Language shell:::{62D8ED13-C9D0-4CE8-A914-47DD628FB1B0} 55 RemoteApp and Desktop Connections shell:::{241D7C96-F8BF-4F85-B01F-E2B043341A4B} 56 Scanners and Cameras shell:::{00F2886F-CD64-4FC9-8EC5-30EF6CDBE8C3} 57 Sound shell:::{F2DDFC82-8F12-4CDD-B7DC-D4FE1425AA4D} 58 Speech Recognition shell:::{58E3C745-D971-4081-9034-86E34B30836A} 59 Sync Center shell:::{9C73F5E5-7AE7-4E32-A8E8-8D23B85255BF} 60 System shell:::{BB06C0E4-D293-4F75-8A90-CB05B6477EEE} 61 Tablet PC Settings shell:::{80F3F1D5-FECA-45F3-BC32-752C152E456E} 62 Taskbar and Start Menu shell:::{0DF44EAA-FF21-4412-828E-260A8728E7F1} 63 Text to Speech shell:::{D17D1D6D-CC3F-4815-8FE3-607E7D5D10B3} 64 Troubleshooting shell:::{C58C4893-3BE0-4B45-ABB5-A63E4B8C8651} 65 User Accounts shell:::{60632754-C523-4B62-B45C-4172DA012619} 66 Web Browser (Default) shell:::{871C5380-42A0-1069-A2EA-08002B30309D}

67 Windows Anytime Upgrade shell:::{BE122A0E-4503-11DA-8BDE-F66BAD1E3F3A} 68 Windows CardSpace shell:::{78CB147A-98EA-4AA6-B0DF-C8681F69341C} 69 Windows Defender shell:::{D8559EB9-20C0-410E-BEDA-7ED416AECC2A} 70 Windows Firewall shell:::{4026492F-2F69-46B8-B9BF-5654FC07E423} 71 Windows Marketplace shell:::{3E7EFB4C-FAF1-453D-89EB-56026875EF90} 72 Windows Mobility Center shell:::{5EA4F148-308C-46D7-98A9-49041B1DD468} 73 Windows Security Center shell:::{087DA31B-0DD3-4537-8E23-64A18591F88B} 74 Windows SideShow shell:::{E95A4861-D57A-4BE1-AD0F-35267E261739} 75 Windows Update shell:::{36EEF7DB-88AD-4E81-AD49-0E313F0C35F8} Note: Another one is Control panel in Windows XP: ::{20D04FE0-3AEA-1069-A2D8-08002B30309D}\::{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D} Tricks: To create shortcuts using the above GUID in Windows 7, create a new folder and rename the folder like this: for “Control Panel: Complete list” rename a folder in Windows 7 with the following: ControlPanellists.{ED7BA470-8E54-465E-825C-99712043E01C} Relative System Paths with Shell Commands Table-12 [Note: Environment Variable and shell are complementary. These are helpful to find location of data and may be used in installer / making SFX packages on NT platforms. Few variables are changed in Vista and later OS. See Appendix-A5] System Defaults SL. Directory Location Environment Variable (Command) 01 Common Program Files %CommonProgramFiles% 02 Current System Drive %HOMEDRIVE% 03 Current System Drive %SYSTEMDRIVE% 04 Current User Location %HOMEDRIVE%\%HOMEPATH% 05 Current User Location %HOMEPATH% 06 Dllcache dllcache 07 Font Folder Fonts 08 Font Folder shell:fonts 09 INF Directory inf 10 Internet Explorer shell:internetfolder 11 Prefetch Folder Prefetch 12 Program Files %PROGRAMFILES% 13 Recycle Bin shell:recyclebinfolder 14 System32 %SYSTEMROOT%\system32 15 System32 %WINDIR%\System32 16 System32 shell:system 17 Windows %SYSTEMROOT% 18 Windows %WINDIR% 19 Windows shell:windows For All Users 20 All Users Location %ALLUSERSPROFILE% 21 Common AppData %ALLUSERSPROFILE%\Application Data 22 Common AppData shell:common appdata 23 Common Desktop %ALLUSERSPROFILE%\Desktop 24 Common Documents %ALLUSERSPROFILE%\Documents 25 Common Documents shell:common documents 26 Common Favorites %ALLUSERSPROFILE%\Favorites 27 Common Favorites shell:common favorites 28 Common Music shell:commonmusic 29 Common Pictures shell:commonpictures 30 Common Programs %ALLUSERSPROFILE%\Start Menu\Programs 31 Common Programs shell:common programs 32 Common Start Menu %ALLUSERSPROFILE%\Start Menu 33 Common Start Menu shell:common start menu 34 Common Startup %ALLUSERSPROFILE%\Start Menu\Programs\Startup 35 Common Startup shell:common startup 36 Common Templates %ALLUSERSPROFILE%\Templates 37 Common Templates shell:common templates 38 Common Videos shell:commonvideo For Current User

39 AppData %AppData% 40 AppData %USERPROFILE%\Application Data 41 AppData Application Data 42 AppData shell:appdata 43 Cache %USERPROFILE%\Local Settings\Temporary Internet Files 44 Cache shell:cache 45 CD Burning shell:cd burning 46 Cookies %USERPROFILE%\Cookies 47 Cookies Cookies 48 Cookies shell:cookies 49 Current User Location %USERPROFILE% 50 Desktop %USERPROFILE%\Desktop 51 Desktop Desktop 52 Desktop shell:desktop 53 Favorites %USERPROFILE%\Favorites 54 Favorites Favorites 55 Favorites shell:favorites 56 History %USERPROFILE%\Local Settings\History 57 Local AppData %USERPROFILE%\Local Settings\Application Data 58 Local Settings %USERPROFILE%\Local Settings 59 My Music shell:my music 60 My Pictures %USERPROFILE%\My Documents\My Pictures 61 My Pictures shell:my pictures 62 My Videos shell:my video 63 NetHood %USERPROFILE%\NetHood 64 NetHood NetHood 65 NetHood shell:nethood 66 Personal Documents %USERPROFILE%\My Documents 67 Personal Documents My Documents 68 Personal Documents shell:personal 69 PrintHood %USERPROFILE%\PrintHood 70 PrintHood PrintHood 71 PrintHood shell:printhood 72 Profile shell:profile 73 Programs %USERPROFILE%\Start Menu\Programs 74 Programs shell:programs 75 Recent %USERPROFILE%\Recent 76 Recent Recent 78 Recent shell:recent 79 Send To %USERPROFILE%\SendTo 80 Send To sendto 81 Send To shell:sendto 82 Start Menu %USERPROFILE%\Start Menu 83 Start Menu shell:start menu 84 Start Menu Start Menu 85 Startup %USERPROFILE%\Start Menu\Programs\Startup 86 Startup shell:startup 87 Temp %TEMP% 88 Temp %TMP% 89 Templates %USERPROFILE%\Templates 90 Templates shell:templates 91 Templates Templates Environment Variables Environment variables are strings that contain information such as drive, path, or file name. They control the behavior of various programs. For example, the TEMP environment variable specifies the location in which programs place temporary files. Any user can add, modify, or remove a user environment variable. However, only an administrator can add, modify, or remove a system environment variable. Using System in Control Panel, you can customize the following variables: 1. User management Environment Variables for logged_on_user_name: The user environment variables are different for each user of a particular computer. The variables include any that are set

by the user, as well as any variables defined by programs, such as the path to the location of the program files. 2. System path Environment Variables: Administrators can change or add environment variables that apply to the system, and thus to all system users. During installation, Windows Setup configures the default system variables, such as the path to the Windows files. 3. Discrete value Environment Variable: These are generally expanded to discrete values, such as the current working directory, the current date, or a random number. Some of these are true environment variable and will be expanded by all functions that handle environment variables. These variables are not case sensitive. Table-13 [Note: These commands are for admin purposes and may not launch from command prompt / Run.] User management Environment Variables Sl. Environment Variable Description 01 %ALLUSERSPROFILE% In XP: C:\Documents and Settings\All Users In Vista: C:\ProgramData 02 %APPDATA% Contains the full path to the Application Data folder of the logged-in user. In XP: C:\Documents and Settings\{username}\Application Data In Vista: C:\Users\{username}\AppData\Roaming 03 %HOMEPATH% In XP: C:\Documents and Settings\{username} In Vista: C:\Users\{username} 04 %LOGONSERVER% This variable Indicates the domain controller or the server that authenticated the client‟s logon request. 05 %TEMP% In XP: C:\Documents and Settings\{username}\Local Settings\Temp In Vista: C:\Users\{username}\AppData\Local\Temp 06 %TMP% In XP: C:\Documents and Settings\{username}\Local Settings\Temp In Vista: C:\Users\{username}\AppData\Local\Temp 06 %USERDOMAIN% The variable holds the name of the Workgroup or Windows Domain to which the current user belongs. 07 %USERNAME% {Username}. This variable is to determine the active user‟s login identification. 08 %USERPROFILE% In XP: C:\Documents and Settings\{username} In Vista: C:\Users\{username} System path Environment Variables 09 %APPDATA% Contains the full path to the Application Data folder of the logged-in user. In XP: C:\Documents and Settings\{username}\Application Data In Vista: C:\Users\{username}\AppData\Roaming 10 %CMDEXTVERSION% This variable shows the version number of the current Command Processor Extensions. In Windows NT the value is “1”. In Windows 2000 and XP the value is “2”. 11 %COMMONPROGRAMFILES% Usually: C:\Program Files\Common Files 12 %COMMONPROGRAMFILES(X86)% The default in Vista is: C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files 13 %COMPUTERNAME% {Computername} The NetBIOS name of the computer. 14 %COMSPEC% Starts a new instance of the Windows XP command interpreter. C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe 15 %HOMEDRIVE% The drive where Windows is installed. Usually it is C:\ 16 %HOMEPATH% In XP: C:\Documents and Settings\{username} In Vista: C:\Users\{username} 17 %HOMESHARE% The network path to the user‟s home directory. Shared Home Directory (for example “\\server\share”). If the home directory is a local path, it will return a null value. 18 %NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS% Quantity of CPUs installed in the system. 19 %OS% For Windows NT „family‟ it is “Windows_NT” 20 %PATH% C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System 32\Wbem;{plus program paths} 21 %PATHEXT% .COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WS H;.MSC 22 %PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE% Indicates the chip architecture of the CPU. E.g. x86 or x64. 23 %PROGRAMFILES% This variable points to Program Files directory, which

stores all the installed program of Windows and others. The default is C:\Program Files. 24 %PROGRAMFILES(X86)% In 64-bit editions of Windows (XP, 2003, Vista etc), this is C:\Program Files (x86) 25 %PROGRAMW6432% In 64-bit editions of Windows (XP, 2003, Vista etc), this is C:\Program Files 26 %PROMPT% Code for current command prompt format. Code is usually $P$G 27 %PUBLIC% Only for Vista and later OS. The default is: C:\Users\Public 28 %SYSTEMDRIVE% The drive where Windows is installed. Usually it is C:\ 29 %SYSTEMROOT% The default is: C:\Windows and in Windows NT 3.1, Windows NT 4 and Windows 2000: C:\WINNT 30 %USERDNSDOMAIN% The fully qualified DNS domain (FQDN) that the currently logged on user‟s account belongs to. 31 %USERDOMAIN% Name of the domain that contains the user‟s account. 32 %WINDIR% The default is: C:\Windows and in Windows NT 3.1, Windows NT 4 and Windows 2000: C:\WINNT Discrete value Environment Variable 33 %CD% Current directory with its full path 34 %DATE% Current date in the format determined by the Date command 35 %ERRORLEVEL% This variable points to the current error level. If there was an error in the previous command, this is what you need to check against to find out about that. Number defining exit status of a previous command or program. 36 %RANDOM% Random number between 0 and 32767. 37 %TIME% This point to the current time. Current time in the format determined by the Time command. The time is displayed according to the current user‟s time format preferences. Chapter – 4 Recovery Console Commands Table-14 [Note: Recovery Console will work on Windows 2000, XP and Server 2003. Recovery Console is not available on Vista, Server 2008, and Windows 7. See Appendix-A7] ATTRIB CHKDSK DIR EXPAND LISTSVC MORE RMDIR BATCH CLS DISABLE FIXBOOT LOGON NET SYSTEMROOT BOOTCFG COPY DISKPART FIXMBR MAP RD TYPE CD DEL ENABLE FORMAT MD REN CHDIR DELETE EXIT HELP MKDIR RENAME Running Recovery Console: 1- Insert the Windows XP startup disk into the floppy disk drive, or insert the Windows XP CD- ROM into the CD-ROM drive, and then restart the computer. 2- Press any key to start the computer from the CD-ROM drive if you are prompted. 3- When the “Welcome to Setup” screen appears, press R to start the Recovery Console. 4- If you have a dual-boot or multiple-boot computer, select the installation that you must access from the Recovery Console. 5- When you are prompted, type the Administrator password. If the administrator password is blank, just press ENTER. 6- At the command prompt, type the appropriate commands to diagnose and repair your Windows XP installation. For a list of commands that are available in Recovery Console, type recoveries console commands or help at the command prompt, and then press ENTER. For information about a specific command, type help command name at the command prompt, and then press ENTER. 7- To exit the Recovery Console and restart the computer, type exit at the command prompt, and then press ENTER. How to install the Recovery Console 1. Insert the Windows XP CD into the CD-ROM drive. Click Start, and then click Run. 2. Then type x:\i386\winnt32 /cmdcons where x is the drive letter for the CD-ROM drive.

3. A Windows Setup Dialog Box appears. The Windows Setup Dialog Box describes the Recovery Console option. To confirm the installation, click Yes. 4. Restart the computer. The next time that you start your computer, “Microsoft Windows Recovery Console” appears on the startup menu. Note: Always use Windows XP Professional Service Pack 3 CD to Install the Recovery Console and to avoid this error: “Setup cannot continue because the version of Windows on your computer is newer than the version on the CD.” Command Descriptions [Note: See table-8 for rest of the command in the above table.] Batch: executes commands that you specify in the text file, Inputfile. Outputfile holds the output of the commands. If you omit the Outputfile parameter, output appears on the screen. CD (Chdir): operates only in the system directories of the current Windows installation, removable media, the root directory of any hard disk partition, or the local installation sources. Chkdsk: The /p switch runs Chkdsk even if the drive is not flagged as dirty. The /r switch locates bad sectors and recovers readable information. This switch implies /p. Chkdsk requires Autochk. Chkdsk automatically looks for Autochk.exe in the startup folder. If Chkdsk cannot find the file in the startup folder, it looks for the Windows Setup CD-ROM. If Chkdsk cannot find the installation CD-ROM, Chkdsk prompts the user for the location of Autochk.exe. Copy: copies one file to a target location. By default, the target cannot be removable media, and you cannot use wildcard characters. Copying a compressed file from the Windows 2000 Setup CD-ROM automatically decompresses the file. Del (Delete): deletes one file. Operates within the system directories of the current Windows installation, removable media, the root directory of any hard disk partition, or the local installation sources. By default, you cannot use wildcard characters. Dir: displays a list of all files, including hidden and system files. Disable: disables a Windows system service or driver. The variable service_or_driver is the name of the service or driver that you want to disable. When you use this command to disable a service, the command displays the service‟s original startup type before it changes the type to SERVICE_DISABLED. Note the original startup type so that you can use the enable command to restart the service. Enable: enables a Windows system service or driver. The variable service_or_driver is the name of the service or driver that you want to enable, and start_type is the startup type for an enabled service. The startup type uses one of the following formats: SERVICE_BOOT_START SERVICE_SYSTEM_START SERVICE_AUTO_START SERVICE_DEMAND_START Exit: quits the Recovery Console, and then restarts the computer. Expand: expands a compressed file. The variable source is the file that you want to expand. By default, you cannot use wildcard characters. The variable destination is the directory for the new file. By default, the destination cannot be removable media and cannot be read-only. You can use the attrib command to remove the read-only attribute from the destination directory. The option /f:filespec is required if the source contains more than one file. This option permits wildcard characters. The /y switch disables the overwrite confirmation prompt. Fixboot: writes a new startup sector on the system partition. Fixmbr: repairs the startup partition‟s master boot code. The variable device is an optional name that specifies the device that requires a new Master Boot Record. Omit this variable when the target is the startup device. Format: formats a disk. The /q switch performs a quick format. The /fs switch specifies the file system. Help: If you do not use the command variable to specify a command, help lists all the commands that the Recovery Console supports. Listsvc: displays all available services and drivers on the computer. Logon: displays detected installations of Windows and requests the local Administrator password for those installations. Use this command to move to another installation or subdirectory. Map: displays currently active device mappings. Include the arc option to specify the use of Advanced RISC Computing (ARC) paths (the format for Boot.ini) instead of Windows device paths. MD (Mkdir): operates only within the system directories of the current Windows installation, removable media, the root directory of any hard disk partition, or the local installation sources. More/Type: displays the specified text file on screen. Rd (Rmdir): operates only within the system directories of the current Windows installation, removable media, the root directory of any hard disk partition, or the local installation sources. Ren (Rename): operates only within the system directories of the current Windows installation, removable media, the root directory of any hard disk partition, or the local installation sources. You cannot specify a new drive or path as the target.

Set: displays and sets the Recovery Console environment variables. Systemroot: sets the current directory to %SystemRoot%. Appendix A. ESSENTIAL NOTES 1. Running Disk Cleanup for all drives: Disk Cleanup Settings: cleanmgr /sageset:99 Automatic Cleanup: cleanmgr /sagerun:99 [Note: Always check settings before “Automatic Cleanup”.] 2. Shutdown Actions: Abort Shutdown: shutdown –a Log Off: shutdown –s –t 00 Restart: shutdown –r –f –t 00 Shutdown: shutdown –s –f –t 00 GUI Interface: shutdown –i The details of options available for shutdown are: -i: Display GUI interface, must be the first option -l: Log off (cannot be used with –m option) -s: Shutdown the computer -r: Shutdown and restart the computer -a: Abort a system shutdown -m \\computername: Remote computer to shutdown/restart/abort -t xx: Set timeout for shutdown to xx seconds -c “comment”: Shutdown comment (maximum of 127 characters) -f: Forces running applications to close without warning -d [u][p]:xx:yy : The reason code for the shutdown [Note: For these options in Windows Vista or later use / (forward slash) instead of – (dash).] 3. TCP/IP: In Windows XP / Windows Server 2003 you can Install / uninstall Ipv6 protocol, but not in Windows Vista / Windows Server 2008 / Windows 7. Unlike this you can install / uninstall Ipv4 protocol in Windows Vista / Windows Server 2008 / Windows 7, but not in Windows XP / Windows Server 2003. 4. XPS Viewer: “XPS Essentials Pack” or “XPS Viewer EP” is a standalone application from Microsoft to view and create XPS formats. Also you can view XPS documents in Internet Explorer if “.NET Framework 3.0” or higher is installed. 5. Create shortcut: You can create shortcuts by using these commands for the respective programs. If you find problem with the some commands (mentioned in this guide) in Windows Vista or later then use / (forward slash) instead of – (dash) in those command. To create a shortcut for program: right-click on the desktop click New>Shortcut. In the location type / paste the command and click Next, then type a proper title / name for that program and click finish. To create shortcut for the GUID commands add the word “shell:” before that command if that word is not present in that command and paste in the location box. 6. RUN box: Press the “Windows Logo” button and then press “R”, or go to “Start Menu” and click “Run”, to open “Run” dialog box. Then type these commands in the Run box and press Enter to open an application. 7. Recovery commands: In Vista, Server 2008 and Windows 7 Recovery Console is not available (previously with Windows 2000, XP and Server 2003). This is replaced by various recovery options. You can use commands to diagnose and troubleshoot the OS related issues through booting with a recovery disk or by a Windows DVD in recovery mode. Use the following commands: Restore System files and Settings: srtrui.exe Windows Complete PC Restore: bmrui.exe Windows DISM Capture: dwscapture.exe 8. Creating Command for Programs: You can make your own commands too. If you want to launch a program from Run or from command prompt. Follow these steps: Create a shortcut for a program. Name the shortcut anything as you wish. Don‟t name this same to windows commands, otherwise this will not work. Copy it to the “%windows%\system32” folder. Then open Run box, type in the name and press Enter.

9. %SystemRoot% is same as %WinDir% and can be use without confusion. 10. User State Migration Tool (USMT): This is to streamline and simplify user state migration intended for performing large-scale automated deployments of Windows Vista and Windows 7 operating systems. USMT captures user accounts, user files, operating system settings, and application settings, and then migrates them to a new Windows installation. The tools are as: ScanState.exe: The ScanState tool scans the source computer, collects the files and settings, and then creates a store. ScanState does not modify the source computer. By default, it compresses the files and stores them as a migration store. ScanState copies files into a temporary location and then into the migration store. LoadState.exe: The LoadState tool migrates the files and settings, one at a time, from the store to a temporary location on the destination computer. The files are decompressed, and decrypted if necessary, during this process. Next, LoadState transfers the file to the correct location, deletes the temporary copy, and begins migrating the next file. 11. For uninstalling a Service Pack: spuninst –u B. CHANGED NAMES: In Vista, Server 2008 and Windows 7 etc. Note: Including the features, technologies, components and services. The names are changed and the functionality of some items has been enhanced and moved or consolidated with other items in a new item. Table-15 NEW / CHANGED NAME FORMER NAME LATER NAME SL. WINDOWS 2000, XP, SERVER 2003 etc. WINDOWS VISTA (Client OS) 01 Accessibility Options Ease of Access Center 02 Add or Remove Programs Programs and Features 03 Address Book Windows Contacts 04 Automated System Recovery (ASR) Windows Complete PC Restore 05 Computer Browser Network Discovery Protocol (NDP) 06 Documents and Settings Users 07 Error Reporting Windows Error Reporting (WER) 08 Files and Setting Transfer Wizard Windows Easy Transfer (WET) 09 Local Security Settings Security Configuration Management 10 Microsoft Synchronization Tool Sync Center 11 My Computer Computer 12 My Documents Documents 13 My Music Music 14 My Network Places Network Places 15 My Pictures Pictures 16 My Recent Documents Recent Documents 17 My Videos Videos 18 NetMeeting Windows Meeting Space 19 NTBackup (Windows Backup Utility) Backup and Restore Center 20 Outlook Express Windows Mail 21 Performance Monitor Reliability and Performance Monitor 22 Prefetch Superfetch 23 Regional Settings Region and Language 24 Remote Assistance Windows Remote Assistance 25 Run As Run As Administrator 26 Scheduled Tasks Task Scheduler 27 Stored Use Names and Passwords Credential Manager 28 System File Checker (SFC) System Integrity Check and Repair 29 System Restore System Protection 30 Tour Windows XP Getting Started or Welcome Center 31 Windows File Protection (WFP) Windows Resource Protection (WRP) 32 Windows Messenger Windows Live Messenger 33 Windows Picture and Fax Viewer Windows Photo Gallery 34 Windows Services for Unix Subsystem for Unix-based Applications Windows Vista Windows 7 35 Backup and Restore Center Backup and Restore 36 Network Places Networks

37 Pen and Input Devices Pen and Touch 38 Printers Devices And Printers 39 Problem Reports and Solutions Action Center 40 Regional and Language Options Region and Language 41 Welcome Center Getting Started 42 Windows Marketplace Get Programs (Online) 43 Windows Photo Gallery Windows Photo Viewer 44 Windows Security Center Action Center 45 Windows Sidebar Desktop Gadgets WINDOWS SERVER 2008 (Server OS) 46 Computer Management Server Manager 47 Error Reporting Problem Reports and Solutions 48 NTBackup (Windows Backup Utility) Windows Server Backup 49 Windows Firewall Windows Firewall with Advanced Security OTHER TECHNOLOGY / FEATURE 50 Data Protection Server System Center Data Protection Manager (DPM) 51 MDAC (Microsoft Data Access Components) Windows DAC 52 Microsoft Business Solutions Microsoft Dynamics products 53 Microsoft Installer Windows Installer 54 Microsoft Internet Explorer (till IE6) Windows Internet Explorer (IE7 onwards) 55 Microsoft Office Groove Microsoft SharePoint Workspace 56 Microsoft Office Outlook Microsoft Outlook 57 Microsoft Operations Manager (MOM) System Center Operations Manager (SCOM) 58 Microsoft Shared Computer Toolkit Windows SteadyState 59 Microsoft Virtual PC Windows Virtual PC 60 Remote Installation Services (RIS) Windows Deployment Services (WDS) 61 System File Protection Windows File Protection 62 Systems Management Server (SMS) System Center Configuration Manager 63 Windows Genuine Advantage (WGA) Windows Activation Technology (WAT) 64 Windows Photo Gallery Windows Live Photo Gallery 65 Windows Scripting Host Windows Script Host C. Axioms in this Guide No commands are case sensitive. Many of these commands can be used for creating shortcuts. For command usage use /? Switch after a command. D. Commonly Used Command-line Tools Most used tools: Attrib, chkdsk, convert, dir, expand, gpupdate, ipconfig, net, netsh, nslookup, ping, reg, regedit, sfc, shutdown, telnet, tracert etc. [Note: See table-8 and table-9 for more details on command-line tools.] Few tools explained Pushd- Stores the current directory for use by the POPD command and then changes to the specified directory. Syntax: PUSHD [path | ..] Parameters path Specifies the directory to make the current directory. Note: If Command Extensions are enabled the PUSHD command accepts network paths in addition to the normal drive letter and path. If a network path is specified, PUSHD will create a temporary drive letter that points to that specified network resource and then change the current drive and directory, using the newly defined drive letter. Temporary drive letters are allocated from Z: on down, using the first unused drive letter found. Popd- Changes to the directory stored by the PUSHD command. POPD Note: If Command Extensions are enabled the POPD command will delete any temporary drive letter created by PUSHD when you POPD that drive off the pushed directory stack.

Note: To know more about each command syntax use /? switch after each syntax. In Windows 7 these syntax are not available for net command: NAME, PRINT and SEND. regsvr32- This command-line tool registers .dll files as command components in the registry. Syntax: regsvr32 [/u] [/s] [/n] [/i[:cmdline]] dllname Parameters /u Unregisters server. /s Specifies regsvr32 to run silently and to not display any message boxes. /n Specifies not to call DllRegisterServer. You must use this option with /i. /i:cmdline Calls DllInstall passing it an optional [cmdline]. When used with /u, it calls dll uninstall. dllname Specifies the name of the dll file that will be registered. Examples: To register the .dll for the Compressed Folder, type: regsvr32 zipfldr.dll E. Bibliography, References and Tools: Books/Articles: MCTS: Windows 7 Configuring (Exam 70-680), MCTS: Windows Vista Client (Exam 70-620), MCTS: Exam: 70-622 and 70-623, Microsoft Encyclopedia of Security. Microsoft Office 2003 Resource Kit, Microsoft Windows Internals, 4th Ed., Microsoft Windows Vista Administration, Understanding IPv6 2nd Ed., Windows 7 Inside Out, Windows 7 Resource Kit, Windows Registry Guide, Windows Vista Inside Out, Windows Vista Resource Kit, CCNA Study Guide (Exam 640-802), Other MCSE, MCTS, MCITP books. Websites and Forums: http://blogs.technet.com/markrussinovich/, http://en.wikipedia.org/, http://forums.microsoft.com/, http://msdn.microsoft.com/, http://technet.microsoft.com/, http://techrepublic.com.com/, http://www.sevenforums.com/, http://windows7forums.com/, http://windows8forums.com/, http://www.answerbag.com/, http://www.chip.in/forums/, http://www.cnet.com/, http://www.fixya.com/, http://www.helpwithwindows.com/, http://www.msfn.org/, http://www.neowin.net/, http://www.techspot.com/, http://www.wincert.net/, http://www.windowsbbs.com/, http://www.windowsitpro.com/, http://www.windowssecrets.com/, http://www.worldstart.com/, http://www.zdnet.com/ Programs and Tools: Camtech Tools, WinTricks, DameWare NT Utilities, EasyBCD, nLite, vLite, Sysinternals Tools, Unlocker, XP SysPad, Path, dllusage, System Explorer, Notepad2, pserv, Resource Hacker, Windows Resource Kit Tools and Admin Packs. THE END

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