How Seeds Become Trees
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Freeride Guide 04
sponsored by THE FOURTH ANNUAL FREERIDE GUIDE The emergence of bike parks, overcoming objections to freeriding and more. Plus, three new IMBA Epic Rides! Fall 2006 Out of the Shadows Richard Cunningham Editor-at-Large, Mountain Bike Action magazine Years ago, hardcore mountain bikers disappeared into the rainforests of the Pacific Northwest to build log rides and ladder bridges over the tangled forest floor. The sport of freeriding has since emerged from the shadows, and mountain biking is much richer for it. All of us, at least once, have been swept by the burst of exhilaration that follows the first successful passage of a once-impossible section of trail. Freeriding provides unprecedented opportunities for that experience. Mountain bikers have always pushed the boundaries of what can be ridden on two wheels. Who hasn’t paused at the edge of a precipice, however small, to watch a better bike handler give it a go, or mustered the courage to ride a section that we once walked. Freeriders have honed the sport’s challenging aspects into a lifestyle. The risk and intensity may exceed anything that the average rider would choose to face, but the core experience is the same. Well, almost. “Freerider” also describes a professional cyclist in jeans and a T-shirt, upside down, 30 feet above a televised crowd, gapping the space between wooden towers plastered with advertisements. It can be argued that daredevils jumping highways, or launching from obscenely huge stunts aboard 10-inch-travel monster bikes have as much in common with exploring the woods on a hardtail as the Stealth Bomber relates to a crow. -
British Canoe Union Press Release
BRITISH CANOE UNION PRESS RELEASE 2nd October, 2006 The BCU highlights the flaws in the Environment Agencies report into rivers access - Putting pilot voluntary canoe access agreements in place On the 3rd October the Environment Agency will be publishing their report Putting pilot voluntary canoe access agreements in place . The work was carried out by the University of Brighton but commissioned by the Environment Agency (EA). The British Canoe Union (BCU) has raised grave concerns over the piece of work and the manner in which it was undertaken. This announcement highlights the dire lack of public access to rivers in England and Wales, unlike Scotland where there is a right. NB Access to and along water was omitted from the Countryside and Rights of Way Act (2000) that gives public access to land areas. The BCU unsuccessfully lobbied for access to water to be included in the Act and pressed for further government action. England and Wales are unique with 41,000 miles of inland waterways with no public access; whereas in Scotland and other countries there is public access to inland waters. The purpose of the study On behalf of DEFRA the EA asked Brighton University to test and demonstrate the processes involved in negotiating voluntary agreements and to secure voluntary canoe access agreements on four rivers in England (Mersey, Teme, Waveney and Wear). These rivers had featured in an earlier feasibility study carried out by the Countryside Agency. The study concluded that additional access to rivers could be provided through voluntary arrangements, but that more advice and guidance was needed. -
1.3.001 Each Licence Holder Shall Ensure That His
UCI CYCLING REGULATIONS III Chapter EQUIPMENT (sections 1 and 2 introduced on 1.01.00). Section 1: general provisions § 1 Principles 1.3.001 Each licence holder shall ensure that his equipment (bicycle with accessories and other devices fit - ted, headgear, clothing, etc.) does not, by virtue of its quality, materials or design, constitute any danger to himself or to others. 1.3.001 Each licence holder shall ensure that the equipment he uses on the occasion of road, track or cyclo- bis cross events shall be approved by the UCI according to the specifications of the Approval Protocols in force and available on the UCI Website. (article introduced on 1.01.11). 1.3.002 The UCI shall not be liable for any consequences deriving from the choice of the equipment used by licence holders, nor for any defects it may have or its non-compliance. Equipment used must meet applicable official quality and safety standards. A licence holder is not authorised to modify, in any way, the equipment given by the manufacturer used in competition. (text modified on 1.04.07; 1.10.11). 1.3.003 In no event shall the fact that a rider has been able to take part in the competition give rise to liabili - ty on the part of the UCI; checks on equipment that may be carried out by the commissaires or by an agent or a body of the UCI being limited to compliance with purely sporting requirements. Where required, checks on equipment and material may be carried out, after the race, at the request of the president of the commissaires’ panel, or that of an agent or body of the UCI. -
The River Access Debate
Environmental Planning, Policy and Law: Report The River Access Debate The River Access Debate An Appraisal of the Government’s Policy Response to the Pressure for Recreational Access to Inland Waters, Notably Canoeing Access for Rivers in England and Wales. Contents 1 Introduction 2 2 The Current Situation 2 3 Historical Background 3 3.1 Section Summary 5 4 Government’s Response 6 5 Stakeholders Responses 7 5.1 Landowners and Anglers Responses 7 5.2 Canoeists Responses 9 5.3 Section Summary 10 6 The Case Studies 11 6.1 The River Wear 12 6.2 The Upper River Wye 13 6.3 Case Study Conclusions 15 7 Discussion and Solutions 15 8 The Final Conclusion 16 9 References 17 Student ID:17036594 1 Environmental Planning, Policy and Law: Report The River Access Debate 1. Introduction: The report aimed to critically appraise the policy response to the pressure for recreational access to inland waters, notably canoeing access for rivers in England and Wales. The report is divided into three primary sections; (1) historical background and development of the policy response (2) an evaluation of factors influencing the policy response i.e. lobbying groups, government agendas (3) an assessment of the effectiveness of the current policy response, including case studies of the River Wear and River Wye. As the report demonstrates the river access debate is a multifaceted and complex issue that is struggling to find an overarching solution. 2. The Current Situation: Navigation rights are established on tidal waters and approximately 6% of the major and minor canal and river network (Brighton 1, 2001). -
There Are Many Opportunities for Water-Based Recreation Available In
Mary W To [email protected] Morrison/R8/USDAFS cc 08/04/2011 01:52 PM bcc Subject Fw: Chattooga River Comment "Tom Dunken" <[email protected]> To <[email protected]> 08/04/2011 03:13 PM cc Subject Chattooga River Comment There are many opportunities for water-based recreation available in the northern Georgia-South Carolina-North Carolina area without making the Chattooga a playground for excitement seekers. My “vote” is to ban all boat traffic, commercial or otherwise, from the river. From my standpoint, it is disgusting to see a plastic object like a kayak violating the natural beauty of this rare stream. So, I am against any further degradation of this wild area from an expansion of the stretches where paddling is permitted. Thanks for the opportunity to have my say. Tom Dunken Food Bank of Northeast Georgia Mountain Distribution Center Manager 706.782.0780 (Wiley Office- Rabun County) [email protected] Mark Harmon To "[email protected]" <[email protected] <[email protected]> m> cc 08/04/2011 02:12 PM bcc Please respond to Mark Harmon <[email protected]> Subject comment I am writing to say I support the Forest Service's ban on kayaking on the upper section of the Chatooga River. I am fearful of the impact the increased traffic will have on the river and surrounding area. Kayakers already have many miles of access from section 2 to 4. Please leave the upper section for fishermen & hikers. Sincerely, Mark Harmon Travelers Rest, SC Brian Hill To [email protected] <[email protected]> cc 08/04/2011 07:38 PM bcc Subject Chattooga Headwaters ban on boating Hello, I am writing to support the ending of the ban on boating in the upper Chattooga. -
Adventure Tourism Plan for Mcminnville - Warren County, Tennessee Adventure Tourism Plan for Mcminnville - Warren County
Adventure Tourism Plan for McMinnville - Warren County, Tennessee Adventure Tourism Plan for McMinnville - Warren County March 13, 2018 PREPARED BY Ryan Maloney, P.E., LEED-AP Kevin Chastine, AICP PREPARED FOR McMinnville-Warren County Chamber of Commerce City of McMinnville, Tennessee Warren County, Tennessee Acknowledgments The authors of this Adventure Tourism Plan would CITY OF MCMINNVILLE like to thank the City of McMinnville, Warren County, Mayor - Jimmy Haley and the McMinnville-Warren County Chamber of Commerce for its foresight and support in the WARREN COUNTY development of this plan. Also, we would like to County Executive - Herschel Wells thank the Tennessee Department of Economic and Community Development for funding through MCMINNVILLE-WARREN COUNTY CHAMBER OF COMMERCE a2016 Tourism Enhancement Grant. Additionally, President - Mandy Eller we would like to thank the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, Tennessee State Board of Directors Parks, and the Tennessee Department of Tourism Scott McCord - Chairman Development for their contributions to tourism Autumn Turner - Chair-Elect both regionally and statewide. Finally, we would like Leann Cordell - Secretary-Treasurer to thank City and County leaders, business owners, Shannon Gulick - Immediate Past Chair entrepreneurs, and residents who provided invaluable Craig Norris information through participating in the visioning Waymon Hale session. Rita Ramsey Dayron Deaton Sheri Denning John Chisam Jan Johnson Carlene Brown Anne Vance Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 -
Futurewater ’02 Hydro Relicensing Roundup
BY BOATERS FOR BOATERS November/December 2002 FutureWater ’02 Hydro Relicensing Roundup FPO Cover Boating with Full Page Bleed Bears in Alaska $4.95 US A Trip Down the NF Blackwater with Jimmy Blakeney www.americanwhitewater.org Conservation ≈ Access ≈ Events ≈ Adventure ≈ Safety FPO Dagger (AJ is Forwarding via Mail) Full Page Bleed A VOLUNTEER PUBLICATION PROMOTING RIVER CONSERVATION, ACCESS AND SAFETY American Whitewater Journal Forum .................................................................4 Volume XLIII, No.6 Corner Charc .....................................................8 FEATURES Letters............................................................... 10 Conservation Conservation Elements of a Flow Study ............................ 31 Tribal Water Protection - Penobscot, ME ......... 31 Program Makes Access a Difference 28 Permit Please!.......................................... 12 Leave No Trace ........................................ 12 Boating with Western Rivers with Tights Permit Limits ........ 15 Bears, Alaska 57 15 Ways to Leap on a Permit ........................ 15 Events North Fork Membership rough Events ..........................6 End of an Era .......................................... 50 Blackwater 61 River Voices 2003 Permit Restoring the Bear, ID - Ricahrd Hoffman........ 30 Gauley Fest 2002 - Clay Wright..................... 48 Schedule 13 Safety Search and Rescue .................................... 17 Gauley River RiverShare™ Guidelines .............................. 52 Festival™ 45 Cover -
Estimating the Benefits and Costs to Mountain Bikers of Changes in Trail Characteristics, Access Fees, and Site Closures
Journal of Environmental Management (2002) 64, 411–422 doi:10.1006/jema.2001.0513, available online at http://www.idealibrary.com on Estimating the benefits and costs to mountain bikers of changes in trail characteristics, access fees, and site closures: choice experiments and benefits transfer Edward R. Morey*, Terry Buchanan and Donald M. Waldman Department of Economics, Campus Box 256, University of Colorado, Boulder CO 80309-0256, USA Received 25 April 2000; accepted 10 September 2001 Mountain biking is an increasingly popular leisure pursuit. Consequences are trail degradation and conflicts with hikers and other users. Resource managers often attempt to resolve these problems by closing trails to mountain biking. In order to estimate the impact of these developments, a model has been devised that predicts the effects of changes in trail characteristics and introduction of access fees, and correlates these with biker preference on trail selection. It estimates each individual’s per-ride consumer’s surplus associated with implementing different policies. The surplus varies significantly as a function of each individual’s gender, budget, and interest in mountain biking. Estimation uses stated preference data, specifically choice experiments. Hypothetical mountain bike trails were created and each surveyed biker was asked to make five pair-wise choices. A benefit-transfer simulation is used to show how the model and parameter estimates can be transferred to estimate the benefits and costs to mountain bikers in a specific area. 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd Keywords: choice experiments, mountain biking, benefits transfer, valuing trails, income effects. Introduction 1000 mountain bikers in 1983; 10 years later it was ridden by over 90 000 (IMBA, 1994). -
Outdoor Recreation and the Environment
Outdoor Recreation and the Environment Neil Ravenscroft, School of Environment & Technology, and Paul Gilchrist, Chelsea School, University of Brighton Introduction In the context of outdoor recreation and the environment, the ‘forbidden fruit’ has long been equality of access to all rural environments: landscapes have been there for the public to see (from a distance), to read about, and to be preserved, but (largely) not to be touched, far less used for anything as ephemeral as recreation and leisure. While leisure in capitalist Britain may have brought limited rewards for the ‘good citizen’ (Ravenscroft, 1993), there was never – certainly when The Devil Makes Work was written - a question of ‘unforbidding’ the fruits of rural property for the good of ordinary people (Shoard, 1989; Stephenson, 1989; Ravenscroft, 1996, 1998a; Parker and Ravenscroft, 1999, 2001). Indeed, the rhetoric of the day was largely that rural property required a level of ‘stewardship’ that made recreational access and use inappropriate in all but the most robust locations (Ravenscroft, 1995). This was widely contrasted with the position elsewhere – especially ‘Europe’ – where, it was claimed, people could exercise ‘citizen rights’ of access over private land (see, in particular, Shoard, 1989). However, as Curry (2002) noted in his work on recreational access in New Zealand, inter-country comparisons are notoriously hard to make, even when the countries share similar legal foundations. Despite the exclusive claims for stewardship, the period between 1997 (when Labour came to power) and 2000 (the enactment of the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000) witnessed the elitist superstructure of rural exclusivity seemingly being torn down in favour of a legal ‘right to roam’ on the uplands, moors, commons and downs of England and Wales. -
The 2020 PDF Version
Ohio Bicycle Events Calendar a service of the Ohio Bicycle Federation 2020 2020 OHIO BICYCLE EVENTS CALENDAR. Copyright © 2020 by the Ohio Bicycle Federation. A service of the Ohio Bicycle Federation. Compiled, edited, and designed by James Guilford. Editorial address: P.O. Box 1011; Medina, OH 44258-1011. Photographs and illustrations are the property of their individual owners and may not be reproduced without their expressed consent. The cover illustration, “Bicycles on Broadway” by Mike Hill, is available as an art print, and an imprint on several products, as are many of the artist’s other watercolor paintings. To see more of Mr. Hill’s art, visit his pages at Fine Art America: mike-hill.fineartamerica.com We are grateful for the support of our advertisers, and the generous donations from the many organizations and individuals who made this publication possible. Special appreciation: Fredericksburg Library Roll, Ashtabula Bridges and Vines, Hot Tamale Tour, Garrett Wonders Birthday Ride, Dry Run, Hancock Handlebars Bicycle Club, and the Cleveland Touring Club. Printed on recycled gloss stock using soy-based inks by Qwestcom Graphics, Inc., Independence, Ohio. Check the Web version of this Calendar at: Ohio.bike for email contacts, updates, and corrections as the season progresses! Ready to ride? Tours are noncompetitive group rides for cyclists of various ages and abilities. Tour organizers (usually bicycle clubs) normally charge a modest fee to cover services provided.Budget tours and free rides usually offer few, if any, services; after all, they’re inexpensive or free!Full-service tours, however, typically offer a map, food stops, and road (“sag”) assistance and cost a bit more to cover expenses. -
Whitewater!Park!!
! ! ! ! ! ! ! Economic!Impact!of!the!Proposed! !Run!of!River!Whitewater!Park!! !in!Skowhegan,!Maine! ! For:!The!Town!of!Skowhegan! ! September!22,!2016! ! Frank!O’Hara,!Planning!Decisions,!Inc.,!Hallowell!! Kenneth!Young,!Hallowell! With!the!help!of!Kristina!Cannon,!executive!director!of!Main!Street!Skowhegan! ! ! ! Table!of!Contents! ! I.#Executive#Summary# 1! II.#Introduction# 3! III.#National#Paddling#and#Whitewater#Experiences# 5! IV.#Survey#Responses#from#Area#Paddlers# 13! V.#Paddling#Community#and#Associated#Events# 19! VI.#Projected#Economic#Impacts# 22! VI.#Operations#Issues# 26! VII.#MarKeting#Communications# 31! Appendix#A:#List#of#ParKs#Reviewed#Online# 33! Appendix#B:#List#of#ParKs#Interviewed# 39! Appendix#C:#Base#Growth#Projections,#with#High/Low#Ranges# 43! Appendix#D:#Paddling#Events#in#New#England# 44! ! ! I.!Executive!Summary!!! ! The!Town!of!Skowhegan!is!considering!the!development!of!Run!of!River,!a!whitewater!park!in!its!downtown,! just!below!the!dam!in!the!Kennebec!River!Gorge.!This!project!involves!placing!various!permanent!structures!in! the!gorge!to!establish!a!play!park!for!canoeing,!kayaking,!tubing,!and!other!waterArelated!recreational!activities! and!events—taking!advantage!of!the!constant!flow!of!the!Kennebec,!a!unique!strength!of!the!Skowhegan! location.!In!addition,!trails!for!walking,!biking,!and!crossAcountry!skiing!would!be!further!developed!as!would! viewing!areas!along!the!banks!for!spectators,!ultimately!creating!the!Run!of!River!Whitewater!Recreation!Area.! The!park!would!be!the!host!site!for!paddling!competitions!and!events!of!local,!regional,!and!national! -
Lee Valley White Water Centre: Economic Development Study
EB605 Lee Valley White Water Centre Economic Development Study Lee Valley Legacy Board June 2011 EB605 Economic Development Study Lee Valley Legacy Board 14 June 2011 12545/MS/JR FINAL REPORT Nathaniel Lichfield & Partners 14 Regent's Wharf All Saints Street London N1 9RL nlpplanning.com EB605 © Nathaniel Lichfield & Partners Ltd 2010. Trading as Nathaniel Lichfield & Partners. All Rights Reserved. Registered Office: 14 Regent's Wharf All Saints Street London N1 9RL All plans within this document produced by NLP are based upon Ordnance Survey mapping with the permission of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. © Crown Copyright reserved. Licence number AL50684A EB605 Lee Valley White Water Centre: Economic Development Study Contents Executive Summary 1 1.0 Introduction 11 2.0 The Lee Valley White Water Centre & the Surrounding Area 15 3.0 Socio-economic Context 23 4.0 Review of Other White Water Centres 33 5.0 Development Opportunities and Constraints 45 6.0 Market Appraisal 49 7.0 Economic Impacts 67 8.0 Infrastructure Requirements 77 9.0 Spatial Development Framework 91 10.0 Strategies and Interventions 105 11.0 Overall Conclusions and Recommendations 117 1426270v5 EB605 EB605 Lee Valley White Water Centre: Economic Development Study Figures3 Figure 1.1 Study Methodology 12 Figure 2.1 The Lee Valley White Water Centre Site 15 Figure 2.2 LVWWC and surrounding wards 17 Figure 3.1 Change in Employee Jobs 2003-8 24 Figure 3.2 Proportion of Employee Jobs by Sector, 2008 25 Figure 3.3 Change in Employee Jobs by Sector, 2003-8 25 Figure 3.4 Stock