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Historical Background of Constitutional ATMANIRBHAR PRELIMS 100 DAYS - POLITY MPPSC 2020 PRELIMS ATMANIRBHAR QUICK REVISION NOTES POLITY MPPSC PRELIMS 2020- MPPSCADDA ATMANIRBHAR PRELIMS (MPPSC PRELIMS TEST SERIES 2020 Enroll @2499) Call: 9953733830 WhatsApp: 7982862964 Mail: [email protected] www.mppscadda.com ATMANIRBHAR PRELIMS 100 DAYS - POLITY MPPSC PRELIMS 2020 ATMANIRBHAR PROGRAM PRELIMS QUICK REVISION NOTES POLITY DAY 1 THE STRUCTURE OF INDIAN CONSTITUTION. NATIONAL SYMBOLS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ THE STRUCTURE OF INDIAN CONSTITUTION. The structure of Indian Constitution : It consists of (i) Articles, (ii) Parts,(iii) Schedules and (iv) Appendices Articles It has numbered and further expanded its provisions as "Clause" and "Sub-Clause". Currently there are around 465 Articles but originally there were 395 Articles. Parts The individual Articles of the. Constitution are grouped together in Parts. Indian Constitution has 25 parts currently but originally it had 22 parts. Schedules Schedules are lists in the Constitution that categories and tabulate bureaucratic activity and policy of the Government. Currently there are 12 schedules but originally it had 8 schedules only. Appendices There are five appendices: a) Appendix I : The Constitution (Application to Jammu and Kashmir) Order, 1954; b) Appendix II : Restatement, with reference to the present text of the Constitution, of the exceptions and modifications subject to which the Constitution applies to the State of Jammu and Kashmir; c) Appendix. III :Extracts from the Constitution (44th Amendment) Act, 1978; d) Appendix IV : The Constitution (86th Amendment) Act, 2002 and e) Appendix V :The Constitution (88th Amendment) Act, 2003. MPPSC PRELIMS 2020- MPPSCADDA ATMANIRBHAR PRELIMS (MPPSC PRELIMS TEST SERIES 2020 Enroll @2499) Call: 9953733830 WhatsApp: 7982862964 Mail: [email protected] www.mppscadda.com ATMANIRBHAR PRELIMS 100 DAYS - POLITY NATIONAL SYMBOLS National Flag The National flag is horizontal tricolour of deep saffron (kesaria)at the top, whitein the middle and dark green at the bottom in equal proportion. The ratio of width of the flag to its length is 2 : 3. In the centre of the white band is a navy-blue wheel which represents the Chakra. It has 24 spokes. Its design in that of the wheel which appears on the abacus of the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka. The National flag (Tiranga) is based on the Swaraj flag, a flag the Indian National Congress got designed by Pingali Venkayya. The design of the National Flag was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 22 July, 1947. Usage of the flag is governed by the Flag Code of India, 2002 which took effect from 26 January, 2002. It brings together laws, conventions, practices and instructions to all. The right to manufacture the flag is held by the Khadi Development and Village industries Commission which allocates it to the regional groups. As on 2009, the Karnataka Khadi Gramodyoga Samyukta Sangha has been the sole manufacturer of the flag. National Emblem It is a replica of the Lion of Sarnath, near Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh. It was adopted on 26 January, 1950. The 4 lions (one hidden from view) symbolizing power, courage and confidence - rest on a circular abacus. The abacus rests on a lotus in full bloom, exemplifying the fountainhead of life and creative inspiration. The abacus is guarded by four animals guardians of the four directions : the lion on the north, the elephant on the east, the horse on the south and the bull on the west. The words Satyameva Jayate is from Mundaka Upanishad which means Truth Alone Triumphs. It is inscribed below the abacus of the emblem in Devanagari script and also referred to as the National Motto. National Anthem The song Jana-gana-mana, composed originally in Bengali by Rabindranath Tagore, was adopted in its Hindi version as the National Anthem of India on 24 January, 1950. It was first sung on 27th December, 1911 at the Kolkata Session of the Indian national Congress. The complete song consists of five stanzas. The duration of the national anthem is approximately 52 secs. A short version consisting of the first and last lines of the stanza (playing time approximately 20 seconds) is also played on certain occasions. Present tune for national anthem was composed by Captain Ram Singh Thakur. The lyrics were rendered into English by Rabindranath Tagore himself. Bharat Bhagya Vidhata was the title under which the song was first published in January 1912 issue of Tatvabodhini Patrika; whose editor was Tagore. The Anthem turned 100 years in 2011. m 2013 is also the 100th year of winning the Nobel Prize for literature - Gitanjali. MPPSC PRELIMS 2020- MPPSCADDA ATMANIRBHAR PRELIMS (MPPSC PRELIMS TEST SERIES 2020 Enroll @2499) Call: 9953733830 WhatsApp: 7982862964 Mail: [email protected] www.mppscadda.com ATMANIRBHAR PRELIMS 100 DAYS - POLITY Jana-gana-mana-adhinayaka, jaya he Bharata-bhagya-vidhata. Punjab-Singh-Gujarat-Maratha Dravida-Utkala-Banga Vindhya-Himachala-Yamuna-Ganga Uchchala-Jaladhi-taranga. Tava shubha name jage, Tava shubha asisa mange, Gahe tava jaya gatha, Jana-gana-mangala-dayaka jaya he Bharata-bhagya-vidhata. Jaya he, jaya he, jaya he, jaya, jaya, jaya, jaya he! National Song The song Vande Mataram, composed in sanskrit by Bankimchandra Chatterji, was a source of inspiration to the people in their struggle for freedom. It has an equal status with Jana-Gana-Mana. it was first sung at the 1896 session of the Indian National Congress. The song first appeared in his book Anandamatha, published in 1882 the song itself was actually written six years prior in 1876. Session of parliament begins with 'Jana-gana-mana' and concludes with 'Vande Mataram'. Vande Mataram! Sujalam, suphalam, malayaja Shitalam, Shasyashyamalam, Mataram! Shubhrajyotsna pulakitayamini, Phullakusumita drumadala shobhini, Suhasinim sumadhura bhashinim, Sukhadam varadam, Mataram! National Calendar The National Calendar based on the Saka Era with Chaitra as its first month and a normal year of 365 days was adopted from 22 March, 1957 along with the Gregorian calendar. Dates of the national calendar have a permanent correspondence with dates of the Gregorian calendar, 1 Chaitra falling on 22 March normally and on 21 March in leap year. MPPSC PRELIMS 2020- MPPSCADDA ATMANIRBHAR PRELIMS (MPPSC PRELIMS TEST SERIES 2020 Enroll @2499) Call: 9953733830 WhatsApp: 7982862964 Mail: [email protected] www.mppscadda.com ATMANIRBHAR PRELIMS 100 DAYS - POLITY Indian National Calendar No. Month Length Gregorian date 1. Chaitra 30/31 March 22* 2. Vaishakh 31 April 21 3. Jyaishtha 31 May 22 4. Ashadha 31. June 22 5. Shravana 31 July 23 6. Bhadrapad 31 August 23 7. Ashwin 30 September 23 8. Kartik 30 October 23 9. Agahayana 30 November 23 10. Paush 30 December 22 11. Magh 30 January 21 12. Phalgun 30 February 20 National Flower Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) is the National Flower of India. India ranks 10th in the world and 4th in Asia in plant diversity. National Animal The Tiger (Panthera Tigris) is the national animal of India. Out of the 8 races of the species known, the Indian race, the Royal Bengal Tiger is found throughout the country (except the north-western region). The Government of India, under its Project Tiger programme, started a massive effort to preserve the tiger population in 1973. So far, 50 tiger reserves have been established in the country. The Project Tiger is administered by the National Tiger Conservation Authority. The fourth cycle of the All India Tiger Estimation 2018 estimated that the country now has 2967 tigers as per the latest census. National River The Ganga is the national river of India. It is the longest river of India flowing over 2704 km of mountains, valleys and plains. It originates from Gangotri Glacier in the Himalayas as the Bhagirathi. The Ganga is revered by Hindus as the most sacred river on earth. National Tree The Banyan (Bargad) also called the Indian fig tree (Ficus bengalensis) is the National tree of India. Because of characteristic and longevity, this tree is considered immortal and is an integral part of the myths and legends of India. National Bird The Peacock (Pavo cristatus) is the national bird of India. It is a symbol of grace, joy, beauty and love. The male of the species is more colorful than the female. It is fully protected under the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. MPPSC PRELIMS 2020- MPPSCADDA ATMANIRBHAR PRELIMS (MPPSC PRELIMS TEST SERIES 2020 Enroll @2499) Call: 9953733830 WhatsApp: 7982862964 Mail: [email protected] www.mppscadda.com ATMANIRBHAR PRELIMS 100 DAYS - POLITY National Fruit The Mango (mangifera indica) is the national fruit of India. The mango is one of the most important and widely cultivated fruits of the tropical world. Its juicy fruit is a rich source of Vitamins A, C and D. National Monument India Gate, one of .the largest war memorials, situated in the heart of New Delhi, is the National Monument of India. It was erected in memory of 90,000 soldiers who lost their lives fighting in the World War I and Afghan War for the British Army. It was designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens. It was earlier called All India War Memorial. National Aquatic Animal River Dolphin (Platanista Gangetica) is an endangered species in India. Therefore, it has been put in Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. National Currency Symbol (Rs.) The symbol Rs. of Indian rupee came on 15th July, 2010. Rs. is an amalgamation of Devanagri `Ra' and the Roman `R' without the stem. It was designed by D. Uday Kumar, a post-graduate of IIT, Bombay which was finally selected by the Union Cabinet on 15th July, 2010. Indian Standard Time (IST) Indian Standard Meridian passes through 5 states: Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Orissa and Andhra Pradesh. This meridian helps in calculating the Indian .Standard Time (IST) which is 5 hours 30 minutes ahead of the Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).
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