DECC

ANALYSIS OF OPTIONS FOR TIDAL POWER DEVELOPMENT IN THE SEVERN ESTUARY -

INTERIM OPTIONS ANALYSIS REPORT

VOLUME 2 - APPENDICES B & C

December 2008

Prepared by Prepared for Parsons Brinckerhoff Ltd DECC in association with 1 Victoria Street Black & Veatch Ltd London Queen Victoria House SW1 0ET Redland Hill Redland Bristol BS6 6US CONTENTS

APPENDIX B

ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK

SUMMARY SHEET

INITIAL SCREENING

QUANTITATIVE WORKSHEET

ENVIRONMENTAL WORKSHEET

ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND REGIONAL WORKSHEET

APPENDIX C

DRAWINGS

Figure B1 – Minehead to Aberthaw Barrage – Bondi

Figure B2 – Hinkley Point to Lavernock Point Barrage

Figure B3 – Brean Down to Lavernock Point Barrage

Figure B4 – Inner Barrage

Figure B5 – Beachley Barrage

Figure F1a – Tidal Fence Proposal. Brean Down to Lavernock Point

Figure F1b – Tidal Fence Proposal. Minehead to Aberthaw

Figure L2 – Russell Lagoon – Fleming Energy

Figure L3a – Land Connected Tidal Lagoon – English Grounds

Figure L3b – Land Connected Tidal Lagoon – Welsh Grounds

Figure L3c – Land Connected Tidal Lagoon – Peterstone Flats Figure L3d – Land Connected Tidal Lagoon – Bridgwater Bay

Figure L3e – Offshore Tidal Lagoons – Bridgwater Bay

Figure R1 – Tidal Reef Proposal. Minehead to Aberthaw

Figure U1 – Severn Lakes Scheme APPENDIX B

ASSESSMENT SCREENING WORKSHEETS

SUMMARY SHEET

INITIAL SCREENING

QUANTITATIVE WORKSHEET

ENVIRONMENTAL WORKSHEET

ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND REGIONAL WORKSHEET Severn Tidal Power Development Assessment of Options - Screening of Long-List Options

Severn Estuary Tidal Energy Feasibility Study

Assessment of Options - Screening of Long-List of Options (to be read in conjunction with Interim Options Analysis Report)

SUMMARY

SUMMARY Option Option Name Installed Capacity Energy Cost Energy Cost Qualitative Assessment (Technical) Qualitative Assessment (Environment) Economic / Social / Regional Qualitative Assessment Ref. (excluding habitat (inclusive of habitat compensation) compensation - 3:1 ratio) Units: MW p/kWh @ 8% p/kWh @ 8% Specify Key Effects Specify Key Effects Specify Key Effects B1 Minehead to Aberthaw Barrage - 14800 13.94 16.24 Application of existing technology on an unprecedented large Bondi scale. Core operating mode would be ebb only. Flood pumping could increase energy output. Ebb and flood operating mode could be utilised. Could incorporate a second basin. Significant grid reinforcement isses. Capable of contributing to CO2 reduction by 2024. Contribution to low carbon energy generation. Effects Benefits for flood protection may be partly offset by B2 Hinckley Point to Lavernock 9000 13.96 16.67 on water levels and estuary geomorphology lead to risks adverse effects on morphology and drainage. Disruption Point Barrage to internationally designated conservation sites, to fish passage adversely effects recreational and displacement of designated bird species and to fish commercial fishing. Risk of disruption to port industry including designated species. Physical presence risks during and after construction. Adverse effects on Application of existing technology on a scale requiring significant effects on success of fish on passage. Other effects existing regional markets and supply chains. Benefits to financial expenditure. Core operating mode would be ebb only. that may be important but are currently uncertain include the local economy duration construction phase. Effects Flood pumping could increase energy output. Ebb and flood water quality, land/seascape and the historic on other marine uses, tourism/ leisure uncertain but may B3 Brean Down to Lavernock Point 8640 12.94 15.29 operating mode could be utilised. Could incorporate a second environment. be important. Barrage basin. Significant grid reinforcement isses. B2 is capable of contributing to CO2 reduction by 2022 and B3 by 2021.

B4 Shoots Barrage 1050 10.40 13.68 Benefits for upstream flood protection may be partly offset by adverse effects on morphology and Contribution to low carbon energy generation. Effects drainage.Disruption to fish passage adversely effects on water levels and estuary geomorphology lead to risks Application of existing technology. Core operating mode would be recreational and commercial fishing. Limited risk of to internationally designated conservation sites, ebb only. Could incorporate a second basin. Compatible with disruption to upstream ports during and after displacement of designated bird species and to fish lagoons or a tidal fence. Operation could be affected by construction. Sedimentation and dredging an issue. including designated species. Physical presence risks sedimentation issues. B4 would require significant grid B5 Beachley Barrage 625 12.58 16.48 effects on success of fish on passage. Other effects Disruption to fish passage adversely effects recreational reinforcement whilst B5 does not. B4 is capable of contributing to that may be important but are currently uncertain include and commercial fishing but only on Severn upstream of CO2 reduction by 2019 and B5 by 2018. water quality, land/seascape and the historic Wye confluence. Sedimentation and dredging an issue. environment. Limited risk of disruption to upstream ports during and after construction. Water quality effects unknown.

F1a Tidal Fence - Brean Down to 256 69.40 75 Lavernock Point Application of new technology unproven in a tidal range power Contribution to low carbon energy generation. Effects context. Core operating mode would be ebb and flood. on water levels and estuary geomorphology lead to risks Compatible with a smaller barrage or upstream lagoon. Operation to internationally designated conservation sites, could be affected by durability issues with ducted turbines. F1a displacement of designated bird species and to fish Effects on flood risk uncertain. Disruption to fish shows the energy output is limited by ability to accomodate 5MW including designated species. Effect on passage of fish passage, if occurs, adversely effects recreational and F1b Tidal Fence - Minehead to 1280 22.72 24.2 turbines - maximum 1MW used in assessment. Capable of including designated species will be negative compared commercial fishing. Risk of disruption to port industry Aberthaw contributing to CO2 reduction by 2019. Low energy output relative with present day. Significant effect on tidal currents in during and after construction. to other options. F1b is a large scale application of new the tidal fence vicinity. Other effects that may be technology. Would require grid reinforcement. Capable of important but are currently uncertain include water contributing to CO2 reduction by 2019. quality, land/seascape and the historic environment.

Page 1 of 2 Severn Tidal Power Development Assessment of Options - Screening of Long-List Options

SUMMARY Option Option Name Installed Capacity Energy Cost Energy Cost Qualitative Assessment (Technical) Qualitative Assessment (Environment) Economic / Social / Regional Qualitative Assessment Ref. (excluding habitat (inclusive of habitat compensation) compensation - 3:1 ratio) L2 Russell Lagoon - Fleming 1360 15.46 20.43 Application of existing technology but not proven in a tidal power Energy context. Core operating mode would be ebb only. Could incorporate a second basin. Compatible with other lagoons, an upstream barrage or a tidal fence. Operation could be affected by sedimentation issues and durability of wall components. Significant grid reinforcement isses. Capable of contributing to CO2 reduction by 2019.

L3a Land Connected Tidal Lagoon 760 19.72 22.22 (English Grounds) Contribution to low carbon energy generation. Effects on water levels and estuary geomorphology lead to risks Effects on flood risk uncertain but may increase risk. to internationally designated conservation sites and L3b Land Connected Tidal Lagoon 1360 17.84 23.01 Disruption to fish passage, if it occurs, may adversely displacement of designated bird species. Effect on (Welsh Grounds) Application of existing technology. Requires innovative lower cost effects recreational and commercial fishing. Some risk passage of fish including designated species uncertain. embankment/wall construction not proven in a tidal power context of disruption to port industry during and after Other effects that may be important but are currently L3c Land Connected Tidal Lagoon 1120 15.93 18.06 for economic viability. Core operating mode would be ebb only. construction. Sedimentation and dredging an issue. uncertain include water quality, land/seascape and the (Peterstone Flats) Flood pumping could increase energy output. Ebb and flood historic environment. operating mode could be utilised. Could incorporate a second L3d Land Connected Tidal Lagoon 1360 13.02 16.85 basin. Compatible with other lagoons, an upstream barrage or a (Bridgwater Bay) tidal fence. Operation could be affected by sedimentation issues and durability of innovative wall/embankment. Significant grid L3e(i) Offshore Tidal Lagoon (90km2) 1360 25.90 25.9 reinforcement isses. Capable of contributing to CO2 reduction by 2019.

L3e(ii) Offshore Tidal Lagoon (50km2) 760 29.64 29.64

R1 Tidal Reef - Minehead to 5000 Unquantified due to Unquantified Application of new technology unproven in a tidal range power Contribution to low carbon energy generation. Effects Effects on flood risk uncertain. Disruption to fish Aberthaw lack of design data context. Core operating mode would be ebb and flood. Possibly on water levels and estuary geomorphology lead to risks passage, if occurs, adversely affects recreational and compatible with a smaller barrage or upstream lagoon. Operation to internationally designated conservation sites, commercial fishing. Risk of disruption to port industry could be affected by durability issues with floating displacement of designated bird species and to fish during and after construction. caissons/turbines. Significant grid reinforcement issues. including designated species. Effect on passage of fish Insufficent data to determine energy yield, construction cost or including designated species uncertain. Other effects construction period. that may be important but are currently uncertain include water quality, land/seascape and the historic environment. U1 Severn Lakes 8000 Unquantified due to Unquantified Application of existing technology on a scale requiring significant Contribution to low carbon energy generation. Effects Benefits for flood protection may be partly balanced by lack of design data financial expenditure. Core operating mode would be ebb only. on water levels and estuary geomorphology lead to risks adverse effects on morphology and drainage. Disruption Flood pumping could increase energy output. Ebb and flood to internationally designated conservation sites, to fish passage adversely effects recreational and operating mode could be utilised. issues relating to turbine location displacement of designated bird species and to fish commercial fishing. Risk of disruption to port industry and associated hydraulics with 1km wide causeway. Significant including designated species. Physical presence risks during and after construction. Adverse effects on grid reinforcement isses. Insufficent data to determine energy effects on success of fish on passage. Other effects existing regional markets and supply chains. Benefits to yield, construction cost or construction period. As the concept is that may be important but are currently uncertain include the local economy duration construction phase. Effects dependent upon revenues other than those from tidal range water quality, land/seascape and the historic on other marine uses, tourism/ leisure uncertain but may energy, energy potential for this option is considered through environment. be important. Option B3 alignment.

Page 2 of 2 Severn Tidal Power Development Assessment of Options - Screening of Long-List Options

Assessment of Options - Screening of Long-List of Options (to be read in conjunction with Interim Options Analysis Report)

Initial Screening

INITIAL SCREENING Option Option Name Information Source Technology Risk Financing Risk Estimated First Year of Installed Capacity Ref. Operation Units: Specify Higher / Medium / Lower Higher / Medium / Lower MW B1 Minehead to Aberthaw Barrage -Strategic Lower Higher 2022 14800 Bondi B2 Hinckley Point to Lavernock Information provided by Lower Higher 2021 9000 Point Barrage Shawater B3 Brean Down to Lavernock Point Strategic - EP57 Lower Medium 2020 8640 Barrage B4 Shoots Barrage Strategic - SDC Lower Lower 2019 1050

B5 Beachley Barrage Strategic Lower Lower 2018 625

F1a Tidal Fence - Brean Down to Data provided by Pulse Higher Higher 2018* 256 Lavernock Point Tidal F1b Tidal Fence - Minehead to Data provided by Pulse Higher Higher 2017* 1280 Aberthaw Tidal L2 Russell Lagoon - Fleming Data provided by Medium Medium 2019 1360 Energy Fleming Energy L3a Land Connected Tidal Lagoon Strategic - EP46 Medium Medium 2018 760 (English Grounds) L3b Land Connected Tidal Lagoon Strategic - EP46 Medium Medium 2019 1360 (Welsh Grounds) L3c Land Connected Tidal Lagoon Strategic - EP46 Medium Medium 2019 1120 (Peterstone Flats) L3d Land Connected Tidal Lagoon Strategic - EP46 Medium Medium 2019 1360 (Bridgwater Bay) L3e(i) Offshore Tidal Lagoon (90km2) based on TEL data Medium Medium 2020 1360

L3e(ii) Offshore Tidal Lagoon (50km2) based on TEL data Medium Medium 2019 760

R1 Tidal Reef - Minehead to Data provided by Higher Higher 2018* 5000 Aberthaw Evans Engineering

U1 Severn Lakes SDC Medium Higher Unquantified - possibly 8000 2021 to 2024

FOOTNOTES: Higher: New or unproven Higher: New or unproven *Tidal Fence and Tidal Reef technology / concept that technology and/or assumes that the project requires small scale prototyping unprecedented project scale proceeds at full scale without prior to large scale (>£25bn) smaller scale prototyping implementation

Medium: Established Medium: New application of technology / concept but not existing technology and/or previously used in tidal significant capital expenditure applications (>£5bn) Lower: Established Lower: Established technology / concept that has technology and application AND been used in tidal capital expenditure <£5bn) applications

Page 1 of 1 Severn Tidal Power Development Assessment of Options - Screening of Long-List Options

Assessment of Options - Screening of Long-List of Options (to be read in conjunction with Interim Options Analysis Report) Quantitative (Cost, Energy, Time, Outputs)

QUANTITATIVE (COST, ENERGY, TIME, OUTPUTS) Option Option Name Output Capital Cost * Capital Cost * Construction Estimated First Year of Design Life Operational Risks Loss of Inter-tidal areas Annual GHG emissions Lifetime GHG savings Cost per kWH with no Cost per kWh with 3:1 Impact on National Grid Scope for Optimisation or Ref. Period Operation savings habitat compensation* habitat compenasation* Combination

Units: TWh £bn £bn Years Year Years Specify ha mtCO2 mtCO2 p/kWh p/kWh High / Medium / Low Specify B1 Minehead to Aberthaw Barrage - 25.3 29.0 35.0 10 2022 120 - 28,000 10.88 1,272.84 13.94 16.24 High P, E&F Bondi B2 Hinckley Point to Lavernock 19.3 21.9 27.0 8 2021 120 - 26,000 8.30 970.98 13.96 16.67 High P, E&F, C + F1b Point Barrage B3 Brean Down to Lavernock Point 16.8 18.3 22.0 7 2020 120 - 20,000 7.22 845.21 12.94 15.29 High P, E&F, C + F1b, C + L3d, C + L3e Barrage B4 Shoots Barrage 2.77 2.6 3.5 5 2019 120 Sedimentation 5,000 1.19 139.36 10.40 13.68 Medium C+F1, C+L2, C+L3

B5 Beachley Barrage 1.59 1.8 2.5 4 2018 120 Sedimentation 3,500 0.68 79.99 12.58 16.48 Low C+F1, C+L2, C+L3

F1a Tidal Fence - Brean Down to 0.7 4.4 4.8 5 2018** 120 Ducted turbine durability 2,024 0.30 35.22 69.40 75.00 Medium C+B4, C+B5, C+L2, C+L3 Lavernock Point F1b Tidal Fence - Minehead to 3.3 6.3 6.9 10 2017** 120 Ducted turbine durability 2,795 1.42 166.02 22.72 24.20 Medium C+B2, C+B3, C+B4, C+B5, C+L2, Aberthaw C+L3 L2 Russell Lagoon - Fleming 2.31 3.1 4.4 5 2019 120 Sedimentation, durability of 6,500 0.99 116.22 15.46 20.43 Medium P, C+B4, C+B5, C+F1, C+L3 Energy wall components, scour L3a Land Connected Tidal Lagoon 1.41 2.6 3.0 4 2018 120 Sedimentation, embankment 2,000 0.61 70.94 19.72 22.22 Medium P, E&F, C+B4, C+B5, C+F1, C+L2, (English Grounds) durability C+L3 L3b Land Connected Tidal Lagoon 2.31 3.7 4.9 5 2019 120 Sedimentation, embankment 6,500 0.99 116.22 17.84 23.01 Medium P, C+B4, C+B5, C+F1,C+L3 (Welsh Grounds) durability L3c Land Connected Tidal Lagoon 2.33 3.3 3.8 5 2019 120 Sedimentation, embankment 2,700 1.00 117.22 15.93 18.06 Medium P, E&F, C+B4, C+B5, C+F1, C+L2, (Peterstone Flats) durability C+L3 L3d Land Connected Tidal Lagoon 2.64 3.0 4.1 5 2019 120 Sedimentation, embankment 5,500 1.14 132.82 13.02 16.85 Medium P, E&F, C+B3, C+B4, C+B5, C+F1, (Bridgwater Bay) durability C+L2, C+L3 L3e(i) Offshore Tidal Lagoon (90km2) 2.6 5.8 5.8 6 2020 120 Sedimentation, embankment 0 (assumed) 1.12 130.81 25.90 25.90 Medium P, E&F, C+B3, C+B4, C+B5, C+F1, durability C+L2, C+L3 L3e(ii) Offshore Tidal Lagoon (50km2) 1.32 3.5 3.5 5 2019 120 Sedimentation, embankment 0 (assumed) 0.57 66.41 29.64 29.64 Medium P, E&F, C+B3, C+B4, C+B5, C+F1, durability C+L2, C+L3 R1 Tidal Reef - Minehead to 13.0** 18.1 19.8 10 2018** 120* Technology 8600* 5.59 654.03 20.30 21.67 High E&F Aberthaw U1 Severn Lakes 15.0* Insufficient data Insufficient data Unquantified - Unquantified - possibly 120 Reliant on other funding Unquantified 7.22 insufficient data Unquantified Unquantified High P, E&F possibly 7 to 10 2021 to 2024 streams years FOOTNOTES: * Assumed tidal * Costs quoted * Costs quoted ** Assumes that the project Design life quoted for For example - sedimentation, Conservative estimate based on Admiralty Assumptions 0.43t CO2 = Annual CO2 savings x * Based on 8% discount rate * Based on 8% discount rate High - very significant grid P = Pump Assisted range power output exclude optimism exclude optimism proceeds at full scale without principal civil vulnerability to storm damage etc Chart data 1MWh (Energy generated over connection / reinforcment / same as B3 based bias; Costs based bias; Costs based on smaller scale prototyping engineering Operating Life less 3 Years balancing issues on Ebb only on no habitat 3:1 habitat structures with to account for construction, generation compensation ratio compensation ratio appropriate minor operation, refurbishment and and major decommissioning) maintenance. Mechanical and Electrical components will have lower design lives.

** Independent *assumed life time *assumed loss of inter-tidal areas Medium - significant grid E&F = Ebb and Flood Generation assessment based period reinforcement required or on 2 m head issues with grid connection difference over tidal cycle.

Low - No impact on grid C + Option Ref = Can be operated in Combination with other specified options

Page 1 of 1 Severn Tidal Power Development Assessment of Options - Screening of Long-List Options

Severn Estuary Tidal Energy Feasibility Study

Assessment of Options - Baseline Screening of Long-List of Options (to be read in conjunction with Interim Options Analysis Report) ENVIRONMENT

ENVIRONMENT CLIMATIC FACTORS Hydrodynamics HABITATS, BIODIVERSITY, FAUNA & FLORA Surface and Soils Historic Environment Land and Seascape Resource Option Option Name Embedded Carbon Changes to Sources Changes to Sinks (e.g. (including tides) & Effects on Wider Effects to Birds Fish Other (e.g. Ground Water Efficiency and Ref. (e.g. carbon emitted (e.g. low carbon sedimentation) Geomorphology Designated Sites Habitats and mammals and Quality Waste during construction) generation) Biodiversity molluscs)

Units: qualitative qualitative qualitative qualitative qualitative qualitative qualitative qualitative qualitative qualitative qualitative qualitative qualitative qualitative B1 Minehead to Aberthaw Barrage - Bondi

B2 Hinckley Point to Lavernock Point Barrage - + + ? ------? ? ? - - - - + +

B3 Brean Down to Lavernock Point Barrage

B4 Shoots Barrage ++

B5 Beachley Barrage - + ? ------? ? ? - / - - - / - - +

F1a Tidal Fence - Brean Down to Lavernock Point

F1b Tidal Fence - Minehead to - + ? - - - - - ? ? ? - / - - - - + Aberthaw

L2 Russell Lagoon - Fleming Energy

L3a Land Connected Tidal Lagoon (English Grounds)

L3b Land Connected Tidal Lagoon (Welsh Grounds)

L3c Land Connected Tidal Lagoon (Peterstone Flats)

L3d Land Connected Tidal Lagoon - + ? - - - - - ? ? ? -- - - + (Bridgwater Bay)

L3e(i) Offshore Tidal Lagoon (90km2)

L3e(ii) Offshore Tidal Lagoon (50km2)

L3e(iii) Offshore Tidal Lagoon (10km2)

R1 Tidal Reef - Minehead to Aberthaw - + + ? - / - - - / - - - / - - - / - - - / - - ? ? ? - / - - ? +

U1 Severn Lakes -- + + ? ------? ? ? - / - - - - +

Page 1 of 2 Severn Tidal Power Development Assessment of Options - Screening of Long-List Options

EXPLANATORY COMMENTS SUPPORTING QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENT (include comments relating to impacts during construction as well as operation)

ENVIRONMENT CLIMATIC FACTORS Hydrodynamics HABITATS, BIODIVERSITY, FAUNA & FLORA Surface and Soils Historic Environment Land and Seascape Resource Option Option Name Embedded Carbon Changes to Sources Changes to Sinks (including tides) & Effects on Wider Effects to Birds Fish Other (e.g. Ground Water Efficiency and Ref. (e.g. carbon emitted Geomorphology Designated Sites Habitats and mammals and Quality Waste during construction) Biodiversity molluscs) B1 Minehead to Aberthaw Barrage Potentially negative - varied Negative - significant Negative - impacts on effects but larger loss of - Bondi hydrodynamic change is upstream cSAC/SPA/ Negative - significant saltmarsh/ intertidal may Negative - intertidal Negative - will impede Positive and Positive - use of likely. Geomorphological Ramsar designations, Negative - will displace potential for direct and reduce estuary's CO2 habitat losses (salt fish passage and negative impacts Assumed Negative - sustainable energy B2 Hinckley Point to Lavernock changes are uncertain also effects on birds (although B1 & B2 indirect (via impoundment) Approximately equivalent to Positive - contributes to low sequestration potential marsh and mudflat) due turbines will cause Requires further anticipated - Requires further significant landscape resource outweighs Point Barrage although also likely to be component SSSIs. also include from impacts on historic assets. one year's generation carbon energy generation overall - requires further to reduced tidal range mortality. B3 will still research requires further research changes with an unknown natural resources negative. Sedimentation Effects may also Bridgwater Bay whilst Much depends on presence research will require significant allow migration up the research (including public acceptability required to exploit risks are thought to be low extend downstream B3 does not) of currently unknown B3 Brean Down to Lavernock Point habitat compensation River Parrett. WFD compliance) energy potential Barrage (depending on navigation owing to effects on archaeology. needs) water levels.

B4 Shoots Barrage Negative - intertidal Assumed Negative - Potentially negative - loss of Negative - significant Negative - impacts on Negative - significant habitat losses (reedbed Negative - B4 will Positive and significant landscape Positive - use of intertidal habitats less than geomorphological change upstream cSAC/SPA/ potential for direct and and mudflat) due to impede fish passage to negative impacts changes with an unknown sustainable energy for B1-B3 therefore is likely. Less Ramsar designations, Negative - will displace indirect (via impoundment) Approximately equivalent to Positive - contributes to low reduced tidal range will Severn and Wye whilst Requires further anticipated - Requires further public acceptability. resource outweighs estuaries CO2 sequestering hydrodynamic change also effects on birds but less so than impacts on historic assets. one year's generation carbon energy generation require habitat B3 to Severn and research requires further research Location and scale of natural resources B5 Beachley Barrage potential less adversely than B1 -B3 predicted component SSSIs. for B1-B3 Much depends on presence compensation (area turbines will cause research (including structures may reduce required to exploit affected - requires further however significant risk of Smaller area affected of currently unknown required considerably mortality WFD compliance) impact relative to other energy potential research sedimentation than for B1-B3. archaeology. less than for B1-B3) schemes.

F1a Tidal Fence - Brean Down to Negative - intertidal Negative - impacts on Negative - significant Lavernock Point Potentially negative - loss of habitat losses (saltmarsh Positive - use of upstream cSAC/SPA/ Negative compared potential for direct and intertidal habitats less than Negative - and mudflat) due to Assumed Negative - sustainable energy Ramsar designations, Negative - will displace with present day as indirect (via impoundment) Approximately equivalent to Positive - contributes to low for B1-B3 therefore geomorphological and or reduced tidal range will Requires further Requires further Requires further significant landscape resource outweighs also effects on birds but less so than impacts of fish mortality impacts on historic assets. one year's generation carbon energy generation estuaries CO2 sequestering hydrodynamic change is require habitat research research research changes with an unknown natural resources F1b Tidal Fence - Minehead to component SSSIs. for B1-B3 and passage are Much depends on presence potential less adversely likely compensation (area public acceptability required to exploit Aberthaw Smaller area affected possible of currently unknown affected required considerably energy potential than for B1-B3. archaeology. less than for B1-B3) L2 Russell Lagoon - Fleming Energy Potentially negative - loss of intertidal habitats less than for L3 therefore estuaries CO2 sequestering potential less adversely affected - requires further research

L3a Land Connected Tidal Lagoon (English Grounds) Negative - significant Negative - intertidal Negative - significant Negative - impacts on geomorphological change habitat losses (saltmarsh potential for direct and Positive - use of L3b Land Connected Tidal Lagoon upstream cSAC/SPA/ is likely. Lesser and mudflat) due to Negative turbines will Less significant indirect (via impoundment Assumed Negative - sustainable energy Ramsar designations, Negative - will displace (Welsh Grounds) Approximately equivalent to Positive - contributes to low hydrodynamic change reduced tidal range will cause mortality. No Requires further effects than barrage Requires further and foundation construction) significant landscape resource outweighs also effects on birds but less so than one year's generation carbon energy generation Potentially negative - varied predicted than barrage require habitat direct impediment to research options but requires research impacts on historic assets. changes with an unknown natural resources component SSSIs. for B1-B3 L3c Land Connected Tidal Lagoon effects but larger loss of options however compensation (area fish passage. further research Much depends on presence public acceptability required to exploit Smaller area affected (Peterstone Flats) saltmarsh/ intertidal than for significant risk of required considerably of currently unknown energy potential than for B1-B3. individual lagoons may sedimentation less than for B1-B3) archaeology. L3d Land Connected Tidal Lagoon reduce estuary's CO2 (Bridgwater Bay) sequestration potential overall - requires further L3e(i) Offshore Tidal Lagoon (90km2) research

L3e(ii) Offshore Tidal Lagoon (50km2)

R1 Tidal Reef - Minehead to Approximately equivalent to Positive - contributes to low Potentially negative - varied Negative - significant Negative - impacts on Negative - intertidal Negative - will displace Negative compared Requires further Requires further Requires further Negative - significant Extent of impacts on Positive - use of Aberthaw one year's generation carbon energy generation effects but larger loss of geomorphological and or upstream cSAC/SPA/ habitat losses (saltmarsh birds. Effects relative with present day as research research research potential for direct and landscape depend on sustainable energy saltmarsh/ intertidal may hydrodynamic change is Ramsar designations, and mudflat) due to to B1-B3 uncertain. impacts of fish mortality indirect (via impoundment) design e.g. proportion of resource outweighs reduce estuary's CO2 likely also effects on reduced tidal range will are probable and may impacts on historic assets. structure above water etc natural resources sequestration potential component SSSIs. require habitat be significant. Much depends on presence required to exploit overall - requires further Area affected relative compensation (area of currently unknown energy potential research to B1-B3 uncertain. relative to B1-B3 archaeology. uncertain)

U1 Severn Lakes Embedded carbon within Positive - contributes to low Potentially negative - varied Negative - significant Negative - impacts on Negative - intertidal Negative - will displace Negative - will impede Requires further Positive and Requires further Negative - significant Assumed Negative - Positive - use of the energy generating carbon energy generation effects but larger loss of hydrodynamic change is upstream cSAC/SPA/ habitat losses (saltmarsh birds fish passage (although research negative impacts research potential for direct and significant landscape sustainable energy components of the scheme saltmarsh/ intertidal may likely. Geomorphological Ramsar designations, and mudflat) due to migration up the River anticipated - indirect (via impoundment) changes with an unknown resource outweighs would be approximately reduce estuary's CO2 changes are uncertain also effects on reduced tidal range will Parrett will be requires further impacts on historic assets. public acceptability natural resources equivalent to one year's sequestration potential although also likely to be component SSSIs. require significant habitat maintained) and research (including Much depends on presence required to exploit generation but contains overall - requires further negative. Sedimentation Effects may also compensation turbines will cause WFD compliance) of currently unknown energy potential additional embedded research risks are thought to be low extend downstream mortality archaeology. carbon in marine residential (depending on navigation owing to effects on development components needs) water levels.

Page 2 of 2 Severn Tidal Power Development Assessment of Options - Screening of Long-List Options

Severn Estuary Tidal Energy Feasibility Study

Assessment of Options - Screening of Long-List of Options (to be read in conjunction with Interim Options Analysis Report) ECONOMIC / SOCIAL / REGIONAL

ECONOMIC / SOCIAL / REGIONAL MATERIAL ASSETS POPULATION AND HEALTH Option Option Name Flooding and Land Fisheries Ports and Commercial Construction (e.g. Supply Other (e.g. dredging and Tourism and Construction Other (e.g. ancillary Ref. Drainage Shipping Chain pressures, sourcing marine aggregates) Leisure Impacts benefits, global of materials etc) benefits of reduced GHG emissions etc)

Units: qualitative qualitative qualitative qualitative qualitative qualitative qualitative qualitative B1 Minehead to Aberthaw Barrage - Bondi B2 Hinckley Point to Lavernock Point Barrage + + - - - - + + ? ? ? + + B3 Brean Down to Lavernock Point Barrage B4 Shoots Barrage

B5 Beachley Barrage + - - - + + ? ? ? + +

F1a Tidal Fence - Brean Down to Lavernock Point F1b Tidal Fence - Minehead to - - - + + ? ? ? + + Aberthaw L2 Russell Lagoon - Fleming Energy L3a Land Connected Tidal Lagoon (English Grounds) L3b Land Connected Tidal Lagoon - (Welsh Grounds) L3c Land Connected Tidal Lagoon (Peterstone Flats) - - + + ? ? ? + + L3d Land Connected Tidal Lagoon (Bridgwater Bay) ? L3e(i) Offshore Tidal Lagoon (90km2)

L3e(ii) Offshore Tidal Lagoon (50km2) -

R1 Tidal Reef - Minehead to Aberthaw - - / - - - - + + ? ? ? + + U1 Severn Lakes + + - - - - + + ? ? ? + +

Page 1 of 3 Severn Tidal Power Development Assessment of Options - Screening of Long-List Options

EXPLANATORY COMMENTS SUPPORTING QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENT

ECONOMIC / SOCIAL / REGIONAL MATERIAL ASSETS POPULATION AND HEALTH Option Option Name Flooding and Land Fisheries Ports and Commercial Construction (e.g. Supply Other (e.g. dredging and Tourism and Construction Other (e.g. ancillary Ref. Drainage Shipping Chain pressures, sourcing marine aggregates) Leisure Impacts benefits, global of materials etc) benefits of reduced GHG emissions etc) B1 Minehead to Aberthaw Barrage - Needs further research. Bondi Positive and negative Positive in terms of Depending on location and Positive (protection against Positive and Negative - and requires further Positive - contribution to employment and materials design, all options may sea level rise and surge tide requires further research. Positive reduction of GHG, Negative - impact on purchased; potentially +ve affect other uses such as levels including low lying research. Potential effects will relate to enhanced employment operation of existing ports, impact of construction aggregate dredging areas; B2 Hinckley Point to Lavernock areas of Somerset). changes to water local economic effects during construction and Negative if fisheries are additional locks and facilities left behind; +ve marine discharges and Point Barrage Negative effects (impeded sports upstream of from construction during operation, threatened by lack of associated transition times. impact of spend by dredge material disposal upstream land drainage and barrage but activities. Negative potential health benefits adequate fish passage Impact on dredging regimes. construction workers sites; changing geomorphology) detractions may effects include due to displacement of Effects all major ports in the temporarily in the region(s); existing infrastructure e.g. are mitigated to maintain include effects on bird congestion (road, rail fossil fuel fired power B3 Brean Down to Lavernock Point Severn. and +ve impact of multiplier for navigation and cables. existing level of service watching and and ports) and stations which emit effects of all of the above Additional dredging would Barrage seascapes. associated impacts on pollutants spend have positive effect on tourism for example. employment and economy.

B4 Shoots Barrage Negative - impact on Positive in terms of Needs further research. Positive and Negative - Positive and negative operation of existing ports employment and materials Depending on location and requires further and requires further upstream of barrage, purchased; potentially +ve design, all options may research. Potential research. Positive Positive - contribution to Some protection against additional locks and impact of construction affect other uses such as changes to water effects will relate to reduction of GHG, surge tides and sea level associated transition times. facilities left behind; +ve aggregate dredging areas; sports upstream of local economic effects enhanced employment rise. Negative impact of Impact on dredging regimes. impact of spend by marine discharges and barrage but from construction during construction and impeded upstream land Negative if fisheries are Upstream Ports only affected construction workers dredge material disposal detractions may activities. Negative during operation, drainage mitigated by threatened by lack of temporarily in the region(s); sites; include effects on bird effects include potential health benefits B5 Beachley Barrage pumping. Changing adequate fish passage and +ve impact of multiplier existing infrastructure e.g. watching and congestion (road, rail due to displacement of geomorphology may require effects of all of the above for navigation and cables. seascapes. and ports) and fossil fuel fired power some additional mitigation) spend Additional dredging would associated impacts on stations which emit have positive effect on tourism for example. pollutants employment and economy.

F1a Tidal Fence - Brean Down to Positive in terms of Needs further research. Lavernock Point employment and materials Positive and negative Depending on location and purchased (although for Positive and Negative - and requires further Positive - contribution to design, all options may option F1b this is dependent requires further research. Positive reduction of GHG, Negative - impact on affect other uses such as upon sourcing and nature of research. Potential effects will relate to enhanced employment operation of existing ports, aggregate dredging areas; Negative: Increased Negative compared with foundation construction); changes to water local economic effects during construction and additional locks and marine discharges and velocities on foreshore may present day as impacts of potentially +ve impact of sports upstream of from construction during operation, associated transition times. dredge material disposal impact existing flood fish mortality and passage construction facilities left barrage but activities. Negative potential health benefits F1b Tidal Fence - Minehead to Impact on dredging regimes. sites; defences. are possible behind; +ve impact of spend detractions may effects include due to displacement of Aberthaw Effects all major ports on the existing infrastructure e.g. by construction workers include effects on bird congestion (road, rail fossil fuel fired power Severn for navigation and cables. temporarily in the region(s); watching and and ports) and stations which emit Additional dredging would and +ve impact of multiplier seascapes. associated impacts on pollutants have positive effect on effects of all of the above tourism for example. employment and economy. spend

Page 2 of 3 Severn Tidal Power Development Assessment of Options - Screening of Long-List Options

ECONOMIC / SOCIAL / REGIONAL

MATERIAL ASSETS POPULATION AND HEALTH Option Option Name Flooding and Land Fisheries Ports and Commercial Construction (e.g. Supply Other (e.g. dredging and Tourism and Construction Other (e.g. ancillary Ref. Drainage Shipping Chain pressures, sourcing marine aggregates) Leisure Impacts benefits, global of materials etc) benefits of reduced L2 Russell Lagoon - Fleming Energy

L3a Land Connected Tidal Lagoon Needs further research. Positive and negative (English Grounds) Negative - impeded land Positive in terms of Depending on location and Positive and Negative - and requires further Positive - contribution to drainage (for lagoons employment and materials design, all options may requires further research. Positive reduction of GHG, L3b Land Connected Tidal Lagoon connected to land). On the assumption of any purchased; potentially +ve affect other uses such as research. Potential effects will relate to enhanced employment (Welsh Grounds) Protection provided against Negative as fisheries are adverse change to dredging impact of construction aggregate dredging areas; changes to water local economic effects during construction and surge tide levels not threatened by turbine and maintenance regimes facilities left behind; +ve marine discharges and sports upstream of from construction during operation, L3c Land Connected Tidal Lagoon significant (with the possible mortality but less impact on were satisfactorily mitigated, it impact of spend by dredge material disposal barrage but activities. Negative potential health benefits (Peterstone Flats) exception of a land fish passage than barrage is considered that tidal construction workers sites; detractions may effects include due to displacement of connected lagoon across options lagoons will have a largely temporarily in the region(s); existing infrastructure e.g. include effects on bird congestion (road, rail fossil fuel fired power L3d Land Connected Tidal Lagoon Bridgwater Bay). Risk that netural impact on shipping. and +ve impact of multiplier for navigation and cables. watching and and ports) and stations which emit (Bridgwater Bay) water levels may increase effects of all of the above Additional dredging would seascapes. associated impacts on pollutants upstream. spend have positive effect on tourism for example. L3e(i) Offshore Tidal Lagoon (90km2) employment and economy.

L3e(ii) Offshore Tidal Lagoon (50km2)

R1 Tidal Reef - Minehead to Aberthaw Needs further research. Positive and negative Positive in terms of Depending on location and Positive and Negative - and requires further Positive - contribution to employment and materials design, all options may requires further research. Positive reduction of GHG, Negative - impact on purchased; potentially +ve affect other uses such as research. Potential effects will relate to enhanced employment Negative (impeded operation of existing ports, impact of construction aggregate dredging areas; Negative compared with changes to water local economic effects during construction and upstream land drainage and additional locks and facilities left behind; +ve marine discharges and present day as impacts of sports upstream of from construction during operation, changing geomorphology). associated transition times. impact of spend by dredge material disposal fish mortality are probable barrage but activities. Negative potential health benefits Protection against surge Impact on dredging regimes. construction workers sites; and may be significant. detractions may effects include due to displacement of tide levels not significant. Effects all major ports on the temporarily in the region(s); existing infrastructure e.g. include effects on bird congestion (road, rail fossil fuel fired power Severn and +ve impact of multiplier for navigation and cables. watching and and ports) and stations which emit effects of all of the above Additional dredging would seascapes. associated impacts on pollutants spend have positive effect on tourism for example. employment and economy.

U1 Severn Lakes

Needs further research. Positive and negative Positive in terms of Depending on location and Positive and Negative - and requires further Positive - contribution to employment and materials design, all options may requires further research. Positive reduction of GHG, Negative - impact on purchased; potentially +ve affect other uses such as Positive (protection against research. Potential effects will relate to enhanced employment operation of existing ports, impact of construction aggregate dredging areas; surge tide levels) and changes to water local economic effects during construction and Negative if fisheries are additional locks and facilities left behind; +ve marine discharges and Negative (impeded sports upstream of from construction during operation, threatened by lack of associated transition times. impact of spend by dredge material disposal upstream land drainage and barrage but activities. Negative potential health benefits adequate fish passage Impact on dredging regimes. construction workers sites; changing geomorphology) detractions may effects include due to displacement of Effects all major ports on the temporarily in the region(s); existing infrastructure e.g. include effects on bird congestion (road, rail fossil fuel fired power Severn and +ve impact of multiplier for navigation and cables. watching and and ports) and stations which emit effects of all of the above Additional dredging would seascapes. associated impacts on pollutants spend have positive effect on tourism for example. employment and economy.

Page 3 of 3 APPENDIX C

DRAWINGS Barry

Williton

Llantwit Major Minehead

Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey map with the permission of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. © Crown Copyright. Licence Number 100037028 KEY CLIENT/PROJECT EMBANKMENT COASTLINE SLUICE CAISSON +10m - 0m TURBINE CAISSON 0m - 10m SEVERN ESTUARY TIDAL STUDY OTHER CAISSON 10m - 20m TITLE LOCK 20m - 30m B1 MINEHEAD TO ABERTHAW 30m - 40m BARRAGE - BONDI (CHART DATUM) URBAN AREA/SETTLEMENT DEPTH IN METRES DATE SCALE MOTORWAY 12.11.08 1:100,000 at A3 MAJOR ROAD FIGURE NUMBER RAILWAY FIGURE B1 BARRY

WESTON-SUPER-MARE

BURNHAM-ON-SEA

Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey map with the permission of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. © Crown Copyright. Licence Number 100037028 KEY CLIENT/PROJECT EMBANKMENT COASTLINE SLUICE CAISSON +10m - 0m TURBINE CAISSON 0m - 10m SEVERN ESTUARY TIDAL STUDY OTHER CAISSON 10m - 20m TITLE ROAD/RAIL BRIDGE 20m - 30m B2 HINKLEY POINT TO 30m - 40m LAVERNOCK POINT BARRAGE (CHART DATUM) URBAN AREA/SETTLEMENT DEPTH IN METRES DATE SCALE MOTORWAY 12.11.08 1:100,000 at A3 MAJOR ROAD FIGURE NUMBER RAILWAY FIGURE B2 BARRY

FLAT HOLM

WESTON-SUPER-MARE

STEEP HOLM

Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey map with the permission of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. © Crown Copyright. Licence Number 100037028 KEY CLIENT/PROJECT EMBANKMENT COASTLINE SLUICE CAISSON +10m - 0m TURBINE CAISSON 0m - 10m SEVERN ESTUARY TIDAL STUDY OTHER CAISSON 10m - 20m TITLE 20m - 30m B3 BREAN DOWN TO URBAN AREA/SETTLEMENT 30m - 40m LAVERNOCK POINT BARRAGE (CHART DATUM) MOTORWAY DEPTH IN METRES DATE SCALE MAJOR ROAD 12.11.08 1:50,000 at A3 RAILWAY FIGURE NUMBER FIGURE B3 CALDICOT

SEVERN BEACH

Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey map with the permission of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. © Crown Copyright. Licence Number 100037028 KEY CLIENT/PROJECT EMBANKMENT COASTLINE SLUICE CAISSON +10m - 0m TURBINE CAISSON 0m - 10m SEVERN ESTUARY TIDAL STUDY OTHER CAISSON 10m - 20m TITLE LOCK 20m - 30m B4 30m - 40m INNER BARRAGE (CHART DATUM) URBAN AREA/SETTLEMENT DEPTH IN METRES DATE SCALE MOTORWAY 12.11.08 1:25,000 at A3 MAJOR ROAD FIGURE NUMBER RAILWAY FIGURE B4 BEACHLEY

Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey map with the permission of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. © Crown Copyright. Licence Number 100037028 KEY CLIENT/PROJECT EMBANKMENT COASTLINE SLUICE CAISSON +10m - 0m TURBINE CAISSON 0m - 10m SEVERN ESTUARY TIDAL STUDY OTHER CAISSON 10m - 20m TITLE LOCK 20m - 30m B5 BEACHLEY BARRAGE 30m - 40m (CHART DATUM) URBAN AREA/SETTLEMENT DEPTH IN METRES DATE SCALE MOTORWAY 12.11.08 1:10,000 at A3 MAJOR ROAD FIGURE NUMBER RAILWAY FIGURE B5 LAVERNOCK POINT

BARRY

FLAT HOLM

WESTON-SUPER-MARE

STEEP HOLM

BREAN

Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey map with the permission of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. © Crown Copyright. Licence Number 100037028 KEY CLIENT/PROJECT TURBINE CAISSON COASTLINE OTHER CAISSON +10m - 0m 0m - 10m SEVERN ESTUARY TIDAL STUDY URBAN AREA/SETTLEMENT 10m - 20m TITLE MOTORWAY 20m - 30m F1A TIDAL FENCE PROPOSAL MAJOR ROAD 30m - 40m BREAN DOWN TO LAVERNOCK POINT (CHART DATUM) RAILWAY DEPTH IN METRES DATE SCALE 12.11.08 1:50,000 at A3

FIGURE NUMBER FIGURE F1A BARRY ABERTHAW

MINEHEAD

Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey map with the permission of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. © Crown Copyright. Licence Number 100037028 KEY CLIENT/PROJECT TURBINE CAISSON COASTLINE OTHER CAISSON +10m - 0m 0m - 10m SEVERN ESTUARY TIDAL STUDY URBAN AREA/SETTLEMENT 10m - 20m TITLE MOTORWAY 20m - 30m TIDAL FENCE PROPOSAL MAJOR ROAD 30m - 40m F1B - MINEHEAD TO ABERTHAW (CHART DATUM) RAILWAY DEPTH IN METRES DATE SCALE 12.11.08 1:100,000 at A3

FIGURE NUMBER FIGURE F1B CALDICOT

NEWPORT

CARDIFF

BRISTOL

PORTISHEAD

CLEVEDON

Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey map with the permission of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. © Crown Copyright. Licence Number 100037028 KEY CLIENT/PROJECT TURBINE/SLUICE CAISSON SLUICE CAISSON LAGOON WALL SEVERN ESTUARY TIDAL STUDY TITLE URBAN AREA/SETTLEMENT L2 RUSSELL LAGOON MOTORWAY FLEMING ENERGY MAJOR ROAD DATE SCALE RAILWAY 12.11.08 1:100,000 at A3 FIGURE NUMBER FIGURE L2 AVONMOUTH

CARDIFF

PORTISHEAD

PENARTH NAILSEA

CLEVEDON

WESTON-SUPER-MARE

Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey map with the permission of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. © Crown Copyright. Licence Number 100037028 KEY CLIENT/PROJECT TURBINE/SLUICE CAISSON COASTLINE LAGOON WALL OR +10m - 0m EMBANKMENT 0m - 10m SEVERN ESTUARY TIDAL STUDY 10m - 20m TITLE URBAN AREA/SETTLEMENT 20m - 30m L3A LAND CONNECTED TIDAL MOTORWAY 30m - 40m LAGOON - ENGLISH GROUNDS (CHART DATUM) MAJOR ROAD DEPTH IN METRES DATE SCALE RAILWAY 12.11.08 1:100,000 at A3 FIGURE NUMBER FIGURE L3A AVONMOUTH

CARDIFF

PORTISHEAD

PENARTH NAILSEA

CLEVEDON

Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey map with the permission of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. © Crown Copyright. Licence Number 100037028 KEY CLIENT/PROJECT TURBINE/SLUICE CAISSON COASTLINE LAGOON WALL OR +10m - 0m EMBANKMENT 0m - 10m SEVERN ESTUARY TIDAL STUDY 10m - 20m TITLE URBAN AREA/SETTLEMENT 20m - 30m L3B LAND CONNECTED TIDAL MOTORWAY 30m - 40m LAGOON - WELSH GROUNDS (CHART DATUM) MAJOR ROAD DEPTH IN METRES DATE SCALE RAILWAY 12.11.08 1:100,000 at A3 FIGURE NUMBER FIGURE L3B NEWPORT

CARDIFF

PORTISHEAD

PENARTH NAILSEA

CLEVEDON

Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey map with the permission of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. © Crown Copyright. Licence Number 100037028 KEY CLIENT/PROJECT TURBINE/SLUICE CAISSON COASTLINE LAGOON WALL OR +10m - 0m EMBANKMENT 0m - 10m SEVERN ESTUARY TIDAL STUDY 10m - 20m TITLE URBAN AREA/SETTLEMENT 20m - 30m L3C LAND CONNECTED TIDAL MOTORWAY 30m - 40m LAGOON - PETERSTONE FLATS (CHART DATUM) MAJOR ROAD DEPTH IN METRES DATE SCALE RAILWAY 12.11.08 1:100,000 at A3 FIGURE NUMBER FIGURE L3C WESTON-SUPER-MARE

BURNHAM-ON-SEA

Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey map with the permission of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. © Crown Copyright. Licence Number 100037028 KEY CLIENT/PROJECT TURBINE/SLUICE CAISSON COASTLINE LAGOON WALL OR +10m - 0m EMBANKMENT 0m - 10m SEVERN ESTUARY TIDAL STUDY 10m - 20m TITLE URBAN AREA/SETTLEMENT 20m - 30m L3D LAND CONNECTED TIDAL MOTORWAY 30m - 40m LAGOON - BRIDGWATER BAY (CHART DATUM) MAJOR ROAD DEPTH IN METRES DATE SCALE RAILWAY 12.11.08 1:100,000 at A3 FIGURE NUMBER FIGURE L3D PENARTH

BARRY

WESTON-SUPER-MARE

OFFSHORE TIDAL LAGOON OFFSHORE TIDAL L3e(ii) LAGOON L3e(i)

BURNHAM-ON-SEA

MINEHEAD

WATCHET

Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey map with the permission of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. © Crown Copyright. Licence Number 100037028 KEY CLIENT/PROJECT TURBINE/SLUICE CAISSON COASTLINE LAGOON WALL OR +10m - 0m EMBANKMENT 0m - 10m SEVERN ESTUARY TIDAL STUDY 10m - 20m TITLE URBAN AREA/SETTLEMENT 20m - 30m L3E OFFSHORE TIDAL LAGOONS MOTORWAY 30m - 40m BRIDGWATER BAY (CHART DATUM) MAJOR ROAD DEPTH IN METRES DATE SCALE RAILWAY 12.11.08 1:125,000 at A3 FIGURE NUMBER FIGURE L3E BARRY ABERTHAW

MINEHEAD

Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey map with the permission of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. © Crown Copyright. Licence Number 100037028 KEY CLIENT/PROJECT REEF TURBINES COASTLINE +10m - 0m URBAN AREA/SETTLEMENT 0m - 10m SEVERN ESTUARY TIDAL STUDY MOTORWAY 10m - 20m TITLE MAJOR ROAD 20m - 30m R1 TIDAL REEF RAILWAY 30m - 40m MINEHEAD TO ABERTHAW (CHART DATUM) DEPTH IN METRES DATE SCALE 12.11.08 1:100,000 at A3

FIGURE NUMBER FIGURE R1 Reproduced from the Ordnance Survey map with the permission of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office. © Crown Copyright. Licence Number 100037028 KEY CLIENT/PROJECT URBAN AREA/SETTLEMENT COASTLINE MOTORWAY +10m - 0m MAJOR ROAD 0m - 10m SEVERN ESTUARY TIDAL STUDY RAILWAY 10m - 20m TITLE 20m - 30m U1 30m - 40m SEVERN LAKES SCHEME (CHART DATUM) DEPTH IN METRES DATE SCALE 12.11.08 1:100,000 at A3

FIGURE NUMBER FIGURE U1