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Drug Addiction Portrayed in Hubert Selby Jr's Requiem

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Drug Addiction Portrayed in Hubert Selby Jr's Requiem DRUG ADDICTION PORTRAYED IN HUBERT SELBY JR’S REQUIEM FOR A DREAM AND IRVINE WELSH’S TRAINSPOTTING: A COMPARATIVE LITERATURE ANALYSIS A THESIS BY CINDY DWI ANDARY REG. NO. 160705030 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2021 Universitas Sumatera Utara i Universitas Sumatera Utara ii Universitas Sumatera Utara iii Universitas Sumatera Utara iv Universitas Sumatera Utara v Universitas Sumatera Utara vi Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRACT This thesis is entitled “Drug Addiction Portrayed in Hubert Selby Jr’s Requiem for a Dream and Irvine Welsh’s Trainspotting: A Comparative Literature Analysis.” This thesis contains a study of comparative literature which involves two literary works from two different nations with similar motifs, which is drug addiction. The aims of this study are (i) to find out how drug addiction is portrayed in the two literary works, (ii) to find out what are the causes and the impacts of drug addiction, and (iii) to find the similarities and differences of drug addiction portrayed in both literary works. The writer uses comparative literature theory as well as looking at the intrinsic elements of literature in analyzing both literary works. In completing the analysis, the writer uses descriptive qualitative method which represents all the data in forms of words and sentences. The data sources of this study are Hubert Selby Jr’s Requiem for a Dream and Irvine Welsh’s Trainspotting. Based on the results of the analysis it can be concluded that the two literary works show similarities and differences regarding drug addiction that happen to the characters in both literary works Keywords: Drug addiction, Comparative Literature, Requiem for a Dream, Trainspotting, Hubert Selby Jr, Irvine Welsh vii Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRAK Skripsi ini berjudul “Drug Addiction Portrayed in Hubert Selby Jr’s Requiem for a Dream and Irvine Welsh’s Trainspotting: A Comparative Literature Analysis.” Skripsi ini berisi analisis sastra bandingan yang melibatkan dua karya sastra dari dua negara berbeda dengan motif yg sama, yaitu kecanduan narkoba. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (i) untuk mengetahui bagaimana kecanduan narkoba digambarkan dalam kedua karya sastra tersebut, (Ii) untuk mengetahui penyebab dan dampak dari kecanduan narkoba, dan (iii) untuk menemukan persamaan dan perbedaan kecanduan narkoba di kedua karya sastra tersebut. Penulis menggunakan teori sastra bandingan dan melihat elemen intrinsik karya sastra dalam menganalisis penelitian ini. Dalam menyelesaikan analisis ini, penulis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif karena semua data disampaikan dalam bentuk kata-kata dan kalimat. Sumber data dari oenelitian ini adalah kedua novel Requiem for a Dream oleh Hubert Selby Jr dan Trainspoting oleh Irvine Welsh. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa kedua karya sastra menunjukkan persamaan dan perbedaan mengenai kecanduan narkoba yg dialami karakter-karakter di kedua karya sastra. Kata Kunci: Kecanduan Narkoba, Sastra Bandingan, Hubert Selby Jr, Irvine Welsh viii Universitas Sumatera Utara TABLE OF CONTENTS AUTHOR’S DECLARATION .............................................................................. iii COPYRIGHT DECLARATION .............................. Error! Bookmark not defined. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ vii ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................. viii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background of the Study ............................................................................ 1 1.2 Problems of the Study ................................................................................ 5 1.3 Objective of the Study ................................................................................ 6 1.4 Scope of the Study ...................................................................................... 6 1.5 Significance of the Study ........................................................................... 7 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE ................................................................................. 8 2.1 Theory of Literature ................................................................................... 8 2.2 Sociology and Literature .......................................................................... 11 2.3 Psychology and Literature ........................................................................ 13 2.4 Comparative Literature ............................................................................ 13 2.5 Drug Addiction ......................................................................................... 15 2.5.1 Symptoms of Drug Addiction ............................................................... 15 2.5.2 Causes of Drug Addiction .................................................................... 16 2.5.3 Impacts of Drug Addiction ................................................................... 18 2.6 Reviews of Related Studies ...................................................................... 21 CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH .................................................................................. 22 3.1 Research Design ....................................................................................... 22 ix Universitas Sumatera Utara 3.2 Data and Data Source ............................................................................... 23 3.3 Data Collecting Procedure........................................................................ 24 3.4 Data Analyzing Procedure........................................................................ 24 CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS ............................................................................... 25 4. 1. Elements of Literature in Hubert Selby Jr’s Requiem for a Dream and Irvine Welsh’s Trainspotting .............................................................................. 25 4. 1.1 Setting ............................................................................................... 25 4. 1.2 Plot .................................................................................................... 28 4. 1.3 Characters ......................................................................................... 29 4. 1.4 Conflict ............................................................................................. 33 4. 2. Drug Addiction in Hubert Selby Jr’s Requiem for a Dream and Irvine Welsh’s Trainspotting ......................................................................................... 37 4. 2.1 Drug Addiction in Hubert Selby Jr’s Requiem for a Dream ............ 37 4. 2.2 Drug Addiction in Irvine Welsh’s Trainspotting .............................. 41 4. 3. The Cause(s) of Drug Addiction in Hubert Selby Jr’s Requiem for a Dream and Irvine Welsh’s Trainspotting ............................................................ 43 4. 3.1 The Cause(s) of Drug Addiction in Hubert Selby Jr’s Requiem for a Dream 43 4. 3.2 The Cause(s) of Drug Addiction in Irvine Welsh’s Trainspotting ... 45 4. 4. The Impact(s) of Drug Addiction in Hubert Selby Jr’s Requiem for a Dream and Irvine Welsh’s Trainspotting ............................................................ 47 4. 4.1 The Impact(s) of Drug Addiction in Hubert Selby Jr’s Requiem for a Dream 47 4. 4.2 The Impact(s) of Drug Addiction in Irvine Welsh’s Trainspotting .. 49 4. 5. The Similarities and Differences of Drug Addiction Portrayed in Both Literary Works Including the Elements, the Cause(s), and the Impact(s) .......... 51 4. 5.1 The Similarities and Differences of Drug Addiction Based on the Elements of Both Literary Works .................................................................... 52 4. 5.2 The Similarities and Differences of Drug Addiction Portrayed in Both x Universitas Sumatera Utara Literary Works ................................................................................................. 53 4. 5.3 The Similarities and Differences of the Cause(s) of Drug Addiction in Both Literary Works ........................................................................................ 57 4. 5.4 The Similarities and Differences of the Impact(s) of Drug Addiction in Both Literary Works .................................................................................... 58 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ................................................................. 60 5.1 Conclusion ..................................................................................................... 60 5.2 Suggestion ..................................................................................................... 61 REFERENCES ....................................................................................................... 62 APPENDIX ............................................................................................................. 64 xi Universitas Sumatera Utara CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study Technology has been changing human’s life in many ways throughout history. 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