How to Write and Publish a Paper
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Publication Guidelines for Quality Improvement in Health Care
Supplement Qual Saf Health Care: first published as 10.1136/qshc.2008.029066 on 3 October 2008. Downloaded from Publication guidelines for quality improvement in health care: evolution of the SQUIRE project F Davidoff,1 P Batalden,2 D Stevens,2 G Ogrinc,2 S Mooney for the SQUIRE development group 1 Institute for Healthcare ABSTRACT published original reports of quality improvement Improvement, New Hampshire, 2 In 2005, draft guidelines were published for reporting projects provided full information on the indivi- USA; Dartmouth Institute for studies of quality improvement interventions as the initial dual guideline items we had identified,1 while Health Policy and Clinical Practice, Center for Leadership step in a consensus process for development of a more individual guideline items were not addressed at and Improvement, Dartmouth definitive version. This article contains the full revised all in 4–44% of those reports (Mooney S, Ogrinc G, College, Hanover, New version of the guidelines, which the authors refer to as unpublished). Hampshire, USA SQUIRE (Standards for QUality Improvement Reporting Our initial draft guidelines were, of course, not a Correspondence to: Excellence). This paper also describes the consensus tested approach to judging the quality of the Dr F Davidoff, 143 Garden process, which included informal feedback from authors, improvement literature, since that draft was based Street, Wethersfield, CT 06109, editors and peer reviewers who used the guidelines; largely on the authors’ personal experience with USA; [email protected] formal written commentaries; input from a group of improvement work, and was intended only as an initial step towards an established standard. -
Stephen P. Lock on "Journalology"
INSTITUTE FOn SCIENTl FICl NF0F4MAT10N8 3501 MARKET ST PHILADELPHIA PA 19104 Stephen P. Lock on “Journalology” Number 3 January 15, 1990 I don’t remember exactly how long I have Lock: Editor and Scholar known Stephen P. Lock. Our first encounter was probably at a meeting of the Council of Biology Editors (CBE) some 20 years Stephen P. Lock was born in 1929 and re- ago. It is somewhat unsettling to realize that ceived his education at Queen’s College, so much time has gone by. Equally disquiet- Cambridge University, UK, and the Medical ing is the notion that Steve will soon retire College of St. Bartholomew’s Hospital. as editor of the venerable British Medical Trained as a hematologist, he served on the Journal (BMJ). But in the near future Steve staffs of various London teaching hospitals, will indeed step down, having helped train including St. Bartholomew’s and the Hos- his successor, due to be appointed in the fall pital for Sick Children, before being ap- of 1990. pointed assistant editor of BMJ in 1964. It seems odd to refer to Lock as an elder After serving as senior assistant editor and statesman of biomedical editing-however deputy editor, Lock became editor in 1975. accurate that description might be. The word I am amused that Steve opened his talk that comes to mind when I think of Steve with the traditional, mythical reminder about is youth. This youthfidness is reflected in the estimates of the number of extant jour- his writing and in his approach to problems. nals. -
On Becoming a Pragmatic Researcher: the Importance of Combining Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methodologies
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 482 462 TM 035 389 AUTHOR Onwuegbuzie, Anthony J.; Leech, Nancy L. TITLE On Becoming a Pragmatic Researcher: The Importance of Combining Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methodologies. PUB DATE 2003-11-00 NOTE 25p.; Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Mid-South Educational Research Association (Biloxi, MS, November 5-7, 2003). PUB TYPE Reports Descriptive (141) Speeches/Meeting Papers (150) EDRS PRICE EDRS Price MF01/PCO2 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Pragmatics; *Qualitative Research; *Research Methodology; *Researchers ABSTRACT The last 100 years have witnessed a fervent debate in the United States about quantitative and qualitative research paradigms. Unfortunately, this has led to a great divide between quantitative and qualitative researchers, who often view themselves in competition with each other. Clearly, this polarization has promoted purists, i.e., researchers who restrict themselves exclusively to either quantitative or qualitative research methods. Mono-method research is the biggest threat to the advancement of the social sciences. As long as researchers stay polarized in research they cannot expect stakeholders who rely on their research findings to take their work seriously. The purpose of this paper is to explore how the debate between quantitative and qualitative is divisive, and thus counterproductive for advancing the social and behavioral science field. This paper advocates that all graduate students learn to use and appreciate both quantitative and qualitative research. In so doing, students will develop into what is termed "pragmatic researchers." (Contains 41 references.) (Author/SLD) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. On Becoming a Pragmatic Researcher 1 Running head: ON BECOMING A PRAGMATIC RESEARCHER U.S. -
The New Challenges in Mining Scientific Papers
BIR 2019 Workshop on Bibliometric-enhanced Information Retrieval Beyond Metadata: the New Challenges in Mining Scientific Papers Iana Atanassova[0000−0003−3571−4006] CRIT, Universit´ede Bourgogne Franche-Comt´e,France [email protected] Abstract. Scientific articles make use of complex argumentative struc- tures whose exploitation from a computational point of view is an im- portant challenge. The exploration of scientific corpora involves methods and techniques from Natural Language Processing in order to develop applications in the field of Information Retrieval, Automatic Synthesis, citation analyses or ontological population. Among the problems that remain to be addressed in this domain is the developing fine-grained analyses of the text content of articles to identify specific semantic cat- egories such as the expression of uncertainty and controversy that are an integral part of the scientific process. The well-known IMRaD struc- ture (Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion) is often used as a standard template that governs the structure of articles in experimental sciences and provides clearly identifiable text units. We study the inter- nal structure of articles from several different perspectives and report on the processing of a large sample extracted from the PLOS corpus. On the one hand, we analyse citation contexts with respect to their positions, verbs used and similarities across the different sections, and on the other hand, we study other phenomena such as the expression of uncertainty. The production of standard datasets dedicated to such tasks is now nec- essary and would provide favourable environment for the development of new approaches, e.g. using neural networks, that require large amounts of labelled data. -
Defining Covid-19 Elimination
EDITORIALS Department of Preventive and Social BMJ: first published as 10.1136/bmj.n1794 on 15 July 2021. Downloaded from Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, Defining covid-19 elimination New Zealand Correspondence to: D C G Skegg Elimination is achievable and should not be confused with eradication [email protected] Cite this as: BMJ 2021;374:n1794 David CG Skegg, Philip C Hill http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1794 Speaking about progress towards ending the covid-19 “zero covid” for a prolonged period. Even with border Published: 15 July 2021 epidemic in the United States, Anthony Fauci said: restrictions and strict quarantine, incursions of the “We will end the epidemic phase, and we will likely virus occur from time to time, leading to clusters of get somewhere between control and elimination, infections and occasional large outbreaks. In the more likely closer to control.”1 Now authorities in Australian state of Victoria, for example, a resurgence England are abandoning most efforts to control, let of covid-19 last year peaked at over 700 cases a day, alone eliminate, the infection.2 Throughout the before being extinguished after three months.11 pandemic, the word “elimination” has been used in Despite such setbacks, Australia and New Zealand different senses. Many confuse elimination with remain healthy economies with largely normal eradication, which normally means permanent community life, apart from temporary border reduction to zero of the worldwide incidence of an restrictions. Both are developing plans for a phased infection—as was achieved for smallpox.3 This reopening of borders. confusion helps to make the idea of eliminating The likely consequences of not aiming for elimination covid-19 seem impossible and not worth pursuing. -
Open Access Policies of Leading Medical Journals: a Cross-Sectional Study
Open access Research BMJ Open: first published as 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028655 on 20 June 2019. Downloaded from Open access policies of leading medical journals: a cross-sectional study Tim S Ellison, 1 Tim Koder, 2 Laura Schmidt, 2 Amy Williams, 1 Christopher C Winchester 2 To cite: Ellison TS, Koder T, ABSTRACT Strengths and limitations of this study Schmidt L, et al. Open Objectives Academical and not-for-profit research access policies of leading funders are increasingly requiring that the research they ► This manuscript includes a cross-sectional analysis medical journals: a cross- fund must be published open access, with some insisting sectional study. BMJ Open of open access policies of medical journals with a on publishing with a Creative Commons Attribution (CC 2019;9:e028655. doi:10.1136/ high impact factor, including society-owned jour- BY) licence to allow the broadest possible use. We aimed bmjopen-2018-028655 nals, from multiple publishers. to clarify the open access variants provided by leading ► The open access policies of all journals analysed ► Prepublication history medical journals and record the availability of the CC BY were clarified, and confirmation of our findings and additional material for licence for commercially funded research. was received by email from 97% of the contacted this paper are available Methods We identified medical journals with a 2015 online. To view these files, journals. impact factor of ≥15.0 on 24 May 2017, then excluded please visit the journal online ► Open access policies of the journals and publishers from the analysis journals that only publish review articles. -
Survey Experiments
IU Workshop in Methods – 2019 Survey Experiments Testing Causality in Diverse Samples Trenton D. Mize Department of Sociology & Advanced Methodologies (AMAP) Purdue University Survey Experiments Page 1 Survey Experiments Page 2 Contents INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................................................ 8 Overview .............................................................................................................................................................................. 8 What is a survey experiment? .................................................................................................................................... 9 What is an experiment?.............................................................................................................................................. 10 Independent and dependent variables ................................................................................................................. 11 Experimental Conditions ............................................................................................................................................. 12 WHY CONDUCT A SURVEY EXPERIMENT? ........................................................................................................................... 13 Internal, external, and construct validity .......................................................................................................... -
Research Manual for Residents
RESEARCH MANUAL FOR RESIDENTS A guide to the path less traveled Joy L. Palmer, D.O. With contributions from Cynthia Norton, M.S., OMS IV Judith Viola, OMS III UNECOM 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction Acknowledgement I. Why conduct clinical research? 3 II. Types of clinical research 5 III. Nitty-gritty terminology 8 IV. Timeline 11 a. PGY-1 b. PGY-2 c. PGY-3 V. Designing your project 16 a. And the correct question is… b. How and what to measure c. Subject participation – who, where, how long? d. Data analysis VI. Institutional Review Board (IRB) 20 VII. Funding your project 22 a. Where to look b. Networking c. Grant writing VIII. Manuscript Writing and Publication 26 IX. Resources – people, places, publications 28 X. Lessons learned 32 a. Mentor selection b. Proposal review, and review, and review c. Recruiting d. Size does matter Appendix A – Annotated bibliography of recommended readings Appendix B – Table format of recommended timeline Appendix C – Poster template Appendix D - Hard Copy of Biosketch INTRODUCTION Good day, Colleagues: By no means am I an expert on designing, performing and/or publishing clinical research. In fact, before residency, I had never even participated in any research activity outside of being a subject in psychology studies as an undergrad! I have however, lived through, that’s right, I have survived the experience of designing and implementing a clinical research project as a resident at the University of New England and want to pass on the lessons I’ve learned. At times it has felt like I was in a foreign country without an interpreter, without any knowledge of how to speak the language, AND without any money to bribe or shall we say compensate someone to provide me with directions. -
The Journal Impact Factor Denominator Defining Citable (Counted) Items
COMMENTARIES The Journal Impact Factor Denominator Defining Citable (Counted) Items Marie E. McVeigh, MS The items counted in the denominator of the impact fac- tor are identifiable in the Web of Science database by hav- Stephen J. Mann ing the index field document type set as “Article,” “Re- view,” or “Proceedings Paper” (a specialized subset of the VER ITS 30-YEAR HISTORY, THE JOURNAL IMPACT article document type). These document types identify the factor has been the subject of much discussion scholarly contribution of the journal to the literature and and debate.1 From its first release in 1975, bib- are counted as “citable items” in the denominator of the im- liometricians and library scientists discussed its pact factor. A journal accepted for coverage in the Thom- Ovalue and its vagaries. In the last decade, discussion has 6 son Reuters citation database is reviewed by experts who shifted to the way in which impact factor data are used. In consider the bibliographic and bibliometric characteristics an environment eager for objective measures of productiv- of all article types published by that journal (eg, items), which ity, relevance, and research value, the impact factor has been are covered by that journal in the context of other materi- applied broadly and indiscriminately.2,3 The impact factor als in the journal, the subject, and the database as a whole. has gone from being a measure of a journal’s citation influ- This journal-specific analysis identifies the journal sec- ence in the broader literature to a surrogate that assesses tions, subsections, or both that contain materials likely to the scholarly value of work published in that journal. -
Agenda & Supporting Documents
Cochrane Scientific Committee AGENDA 28th February 2018 8pm-10pm UK GMT Cochrane Scientific Committee Agenda 28th February 2017 OPEN ACCESS 2 Philippe Ravaud (PR) Professor of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Head of the Clinical Epidemiology Centre, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France AGENDA and Director of Cochrane France. Johannes Reistma (JR) Associate Professor at the Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands and a member of both the DT – David Tovey, Editor in Chief, JC – Jackie Chandler, Methods Co-ordinator Cochrane Diagnostic Test Accuracy Working Group and the Screening and Committee members: Diagnostic Tests Methods Group. Corinna Dressler (CD) Rebecca Ryan (RR) Research Associate at the Division of Evidence-Based Medicine (dEBM) at the Research Fellow at the School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany University, Australia and Deputy Co-ordinating Editor of the Cochrane Donna Gilles (DG) Consumers and Communication Group. Senior Researcher, Clinical Performance Mental Health Network, Western Christopher Schmid (CS) Sydney, Australia and editor for both the Cochrane Developmental, Psychosocial Professor of Biostatistics, founding member and Co-Director of the Center for and Learning Problems Group and Diagnostic Test Accuracy Review Group. Evidence Synthesis in Health, Brown School of Public Health, US, Fellow of the Julian Higgins (JH) American Statistical Association (ASA) and Founding Co-Editor of Research Professor of Evidence Synthesis at the School of Social and Community Synthesis Methods. Medicine, at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK, and current Senior Scientific Nicole Skoetz (NS) Editor of the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews for Interventions. -
Instructions to Authors and Guidelines for Manuscript Submission
Instructions to Authors and Guidelines for Manuscript Submission 1 GENERAL INFORMATION 1.1 Objectives and readership 1.2 Contents 1.2.1 Original research articles 1.2.2 Reviews 1.2.3 Special reports 1.2.4 Opinion and analysis 1.2.5 Brief communications 1.2.6 Current topics 1.2.7 Letters to the editor 1.3 Language 1.4 Guidelines and research protocols 1.5 Ethics 1.6 Conflict of interests 1.7 Copyright 1.8 Peer review process 1.9 Dissemination 2 GUIDELINES FOR MANUSCRIPT SUBMISSION 2.1 General criteria for manuscript acceptance 2.2 Manuscript specifications 2.3 Formatting requirements 2.4 Title 2.5 Authorship 2.6 Abstract and keywords page 2.7 Body of the article 2.8 Tables and figures 2.9 Submitting the manuscript 2.10 Editing the manuscript 1 GENERAL INFORMATION 1.1 Objectives and readership The Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública/Pan American Journal of Public Health (RPSP/PAJPH) is a free-access, peer-reviewed, monthly journal, published as the flagship scientific and technical publication of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States of America. Its mission is to serve as an important vehicle for disseminating scientific public health information of international significance, mainly in areas related to PAHO's essential mission to strengthen national and local health systems and improve the health of the peoples of the Americas. To this end, the RPSP/PAJPH publishes materials that reflect PAHO's main strategic objectives and programmatic areas: health and human development, health promotion and protection, prevention and control of communicable and chronic diseases, maternal and child health, gender and women's health, mental health, violence, nutrition, environmental health, disaster management, development of health systems and services, social determinants of health, and health equity. -
Repko Research Process (Study Guide)
Beginning the Interdisciplinary Research Process Repko (6‐7) StudyGuide Interdisciplinary Research is • A decision‐making process – a deliberate choice • A decision‐making process – a movement, a motion • Heuristic – tool for finding out – process of searching rather than an emphasis on finding • Iterative – procedurally repetitive – messy, not linear – fluid • Reflexive – self‐conscious or aware of disciplinary or personal bias – what influences your work (auto) Integrated Model (p.141) Problem – Insights – Integration – Understanding fine the problem The Steps include: A. Drawing on disciplinary insights 1. Define the problem 2. Justify using an id approach 3. Identify relevant disciplines 4. Conduct a literature search 5. Develop adequacy in each relevant discipline 6. Analyze the problem and evaluate each insight into it B. Integrate insights to produce id understanding 7. Identify conflicts between insights and their sources 8. Create or discover common ground 9. Integrate insights 10. Produce an id understanding of the problem (and test it) Cautions and concerns (1) Fluid steps (2) Feedback loops – not a ladder Beginning the Interdisciplinary Research Process Repko (6‐7) StudyGuide (3) Don’t skip steps – be patient (4) Integrate as you go STEP ONE: Define the Problem • Researchable in an ID sense? • What is the SCOPE (parameters; disclaimers; what to include, exclude; what’s your focus – the causes, prevention, treatment, effects, etc. • Is it open‐ended • Too complex for one discipline to solve? Writing CHECK – Craft a well‐composed