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Cape Sable Seaside Sparrow Ammodramus Maritimus Mirabilis
Cape Sable Seaside Sparrow Ammodramus maritimus mirabilis ape Sable seaside sparrows (Ammodramus Federal Status: Endangered (March 11, 1967) maritimus mirabilis) are medium-sized sparrows Critical Habitat: Designated (August 11, 1977) Crestricted to the Florida peninsula. They are non- Florida Status: Endangered migratory residents of freshwater to brackish marshes. The Cape Sable seaside sparrow has the distinction of being the Recovery Plan Status: Revision (May 18, 1999) last new bird species described in the continental United Geographic Coverage: Rangewide States prior to its reclassification to subspecies status. The restricted range of the Cape Sable seaside sparrow led to its initial listing in 1969. Changes in habitat that have Figure 1. County distribution of the Cape Sable seaside sparrrow. occurred as a result of changes in the distribution, timing, and quantity of water flows in South Florida, continue to threaten the subspecies with extinction. This account represents a revision of the existing recovery plan for the Cape Sable seaside sparrow (FWS 1983). Description The Cape Sable seaside sparrow is a medium-sized sparrow, 13 to 14 cm in length (Werner 1975). Of all the seaside sparrows, it is the lightest in color (Curnutt 1996). The dorsal surface is dark olive-grey and the tail and wings are olive- brown (Werner 1975). Adult birds are light grey to white ventrally, with dark olive grey streaks on the breast and sides. The throat is white with a dark olive-grey or black whisker on each side. Above the whisker is a white line along the lower jaw. A grey ear patch outlined by a dark line sits behind each eye. -
Emergency Management Action Plan for the Endangered Cape Sable Seaside Sparrow Ammodramus Maritimus Mirabilis
Emergency Management Action Plan for the endangered Cape Sable Seaside Sparrow Ammodramus maritimus mirabilis Federal Status Endangered (March 11, 1967) Florida Status Endangered Range Endemic to Florida Everglades Population Estimate ~ 2,000 to 3,500 birds Current Population Trend Stable Habitat Marl prairie Major Threats Habitat loss and degradation, altered hydrology and fire regimes Recovery Plan Objective Down listing from ‘Endangered’ to ‘Threatened’ Develop a decision framework to help rapidly guide sparrow EMAP Goal emergency management actions Identify the situations or events that would trigger an emergency EMAP Objective management action and provide the details for each action. Gary L. Slater1,2 Rebecca L. Boulton1,3 Clinton N. Jenkins4 Julie L. Lockwood3 Stuart L. Pimm4 A report to: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service South Florida Ecological Services Office Vero Beach, FL 32960 1 Authors contributed equally to report 2 Ecostudies Institute, Mount Vernon, WA 98273; Corresponding author ([email protected]) 3 Department of Ecology, Evolution, & Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 4 Environmental Sciences & Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 Ecostudies Institute committed to ecological research and conservation AUTHORS GARY SLATER; is the founder and research director of Ecostudies Institute, a non-profit organization dedicated to conducting sound science and conservation. Gary's qualifications and experience span two important areas in conservation science: administrative/program management and independent research. Since 1993, he has conducted research on the avifauna of the south Florida pine rocklands, including the last 10 years planning, implementing, and monitoring the reintroduction of the Brown-headed Nuthatch (Sitta pusilla) and Eastern Bluebird (Sialia sialis) to Everglades National Park. -
L O U I S I a N A
L O U I S I A N A SPARROWS L O U I S I A N A SPARROWS Written by Bill Fontenot and Richard DeMay Photography by Greg Lavaty and Richard DeMay Designed and Illustrated by Diane K. Baker What is a Sparrow? Generally, sparrows are characterized as New World sparrows belong to the bird small, gray or brown-streaked, conical-billed family Emberizidae. Here in North America, birds that live on or near the ground. The sparrows are divided into 13 genera, which also cryptic blend of gray, white, black, and brown includes the towhees (genus Pipilo), longspurs hues which comprise a typical sparrow’s color (genus Calcarius), juncos (genus Junco), and pattern is the result of tens of thousands of Lark Bunting (genus Calamospiza) – all of sparrow generations living in grassland and which are technically sparrows. Emberizidae is brushland habitats. The triangular or cone- a large family, containing well over 300 species shaped bills inherent to most all sparrow species are perfectly adapted for a life of granivory – of crushing and husking seeds. “Of Louisiana’s 33 recorded sparrows, Sparrows possess well-developed claws on their toes, the evolutionary result of so much time spent on the ground, scratching for seeds only seven species breed here...” through leaf litter and other duff. Additionally, worldwide, 50 of which occur in the United most species incorporate a substantial amount States on a regular basis, and 33 of which have of insect, spider, snail, and other invertebrate been recorded for Louisiana. food items into their diets, especially during Of Louisiana’s 33 recorded sparrows, Opposite page: Bachman Sparrow the spring and summer months. -
Endangered Species
Not logged in Talk Contributions Create account Log in Article Talk Read Edit View history Endangered species From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Main page Contents For other uses, see Endangered species (disambiguation). Featured content "Endangered" redirects here. For other uses, see Endangered (disambiguation). Current events An endangered species is a species which has been categorized as likely to become Random article Conservation status extinct . Endangered (EN), as categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Donate to Wikipedia by IUCN Red List category Wikipedia store Nature (IUCN) Red List, is the second most severe conservation status for wild populations in the IUCN's schema after Critically Endangered (CR). Interaction In 2012, the IUCN Red List featured 3079 animal and 2655 plant species as endangered (EN) Help worldwide.[1] The figures for 1998 were, respectively, 1102 and 1197. About Wikipedia Community portal Many nations have laws that protect conservation-reliant species: for example, forbidding Recent changes hunting , restricting land development or creating preserves. Population numbers, trends and Contact page species' conservation status can be found in the lists of organisms by population. Tools Extinct Contents [hide] What links here Extinct (EX) (list) 1 Conservation status Related changes Extinct in the Wild (EW) (list) 2 IUCN Red List Upload file [7] Threatened Special pages 2.1 Criteria for 'Endangered (EN)' Critically Endangered (CR) (list) Permanent link 3 Endangered species in the United -
Chapter 2 Delaware's Wildlife Habitats
CHAPTER 2 DELAWARE’S WILDLIFE HABITATS 2 - 1 Delaware Wildlife Action Plan Contents Chapter 2, Part 1: DELAWARE’S ECOLOGICAL SETTING ................................................................. 8 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 9 Delaware Habitats in a Regional Context ..................................................................................... 10 U.S. Northeast Region ............................................................................................................. 10 U.S. Southeast Region .............................................................................................................. 11 Delaware Habitats in a Watershed Context ................................................................................. 12 Delaware River Watershed .......................................................................................................13 Chesapeake Bay Watershed .....................................................................................................13 Inland Bays Watershed ............................................................................................................ 14 Geology and Soils ......................................................................................................................... 17 Soils .......................................................................................................................................... 17 EPA -
Scott's Seaside Sparrow Biological Status Review Report
Scott’s Seaside Sparrow Biological Status Review Report March 31, 2011 FLORIDA FISH AND WILDLIFE CONSERVATION COMMISSION 620 South Meridian Street Tallahassee, Florida 32399-1600 Biological Status Review Report for the Scott’s Seaside Sparrow (Ammodramus maritimus peninsulae) March 31, 2011 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) directed staff to evaluate all species listed as Threatened or Species of Special Concern as of November 8, 2010 that had not undergone a status review in the past decade. Public information on the status of the Scott’s seaside sparrow was sought from September 17 to November 1, 2010. The three-member Biological Review Group (BRG) met on November 3 - 4, 2010. Group members were Michael F. Delany (FWC lead), Katy NeSmith (Florida Natural Areas Inventory), and Bill Pranty (Avian Ecologist Contractor) (Appendix 1). In accordance with rule 68A-27.0012, Florida Administrative Code (F.A.C.), the BRG was charged with evaluating the biological status of the Scott’s seaside sparrow using criteria included in definitions in 68A-27.001, F.A.C., and following the protocols in the Guidelines for Application of the IUCN Red List Criteria at Regional Levels (Version 3.0) and Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (Version 8.1). Please visit http://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/imperiled/listing-action- petitions/ to view the listing process rule and the criteria found in the definitions. In late 2010, staff developed the initial draft of this report which included BRG findings and a preliminary listing recommendation from staff. The draft was sent out for peer review and the reviewers’ input has been incorporated to create this final report. -
New Insights Into the Phylogenetics and Population Structure of the Prairie Falcon (Falco Mexicanus) Jacqueline M
Doyle et al. BMC Genomics (2018) 19:233 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-018-4615-z RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access New insights into the phylogenetics and population structure of the prairie falcon (Falco mexicanus) Jacqueline M. Doyle1,2*, Douglas A. Bell3,4, Peter H. Bloom5, Gavin Emmons6, Amy Fesnock7, Todd E. Katzner8, Larry LaPré9, Kolbe Leonard10, Phillip SanMiguel11, Rick Westerman11 and J. Andrew DeWoody2,12 Abstract Background: Management requires a robust understanding of between- and within-species genetic variability, however such data are still lacking in many species. For example, although multiple population genetics studies of the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) have been conducted, no similar studies have been done of the closely- related prairie falcon (F. mexicanus) and it is unclear how much genetic variation and population structure exists across the species’ range. Furthermore, the phylogenetic relationship of F. mexicanus relative to other falcon species is contested. We utilized a genomics approach (i.e., genome sequencing and assembly followed by single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping) to rapidly address these gaps in knowledge. Results: We sequenced the genome of a single female prairie falcon and generated a 1.17 Gb (gigabases) draft genome assembly. We generated maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees using complete mitochondrial genomes as well as nuclear protein-coding genes. This process provided evidence that F. mexicanus is an outgroup to the clade that includes the peregrine falcon and members of the subgenus Hierofalco. We annotated > 16,000 genes and almost 600,000 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the nuclear genome, providing the raw material for a SNP assay design featuring > 140 gene-associated markers and a molecular-sexing marker. -
Community Structure and Food-Web Dynamics in Northeastern U.S
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND FOOD-WEB DYNAMICS IN NORTHEASTERN U.S. TIDAL MARSHES By Laura Kay Garey B.S. Truman State University, 2010 A THESIS Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science (in Ecology and Environmental Sciences) The Graduate School The University of Maine May 2017 Advisory Committee: Brian J. Olsen, Associate Professor, School of Biology and Ecology, Co-advisor Thomas P. Hodgman, Non-game Bird Biologist, Retired, Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife, Co-advisor Hamish S. Greig, Assistant Professor, School of Biology and Ecology Adrienne I. Kovach, Assistant Professor, Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND FOOD-WEB DYNAMICS IN NORTHEASTERN U.S. TIDAL MARSHES By Laura Kay Garey Thesis Advisors: Dr. Brian J. Olsen and Thomas P. Hodgman An Abstract of the Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science (in Ecology and Environmental Sciences) May 2017 Tidal marshes represent one of the most productive natural systems on the globe, but because they are so physiologically stressful, they have low species richness. Consequently, tidal marsh communities are relatively homogenous across large spatial scales. Within saltmarshes, scale-dependent processes and patterns can be identified with the reduction of variation in community dynamics due to low species turnover. I conducted two studies in tidal marshes along the northeastern U.S. coast to explore the abiotic and biotic factors that influence food-web dynamics and community structure. I explored the effect of temporal and spatial variables on community composition of tidal-marsh invertebrates. -
Ecological and Genetic Diversity in the Seaside Sparrow
BIOLOGY OF THE EMBERIZIDAE Ecological and Genetic Diversity in the Seaside Sparrow he Seaside Sparrow (Ammodramus maritimus), a sparrow that is almost T always found in salt and brackish marshes, occurs along the Atlantic Coast of the United States from New Hampshire to central Florida (where it is now extirpated as a breeder), and along the Gulf Coast from central Florida to central Texas. As a species that can be common in maritime wetlands, the Seaside Sparrow has the potential to be a good “indicator species” of the health of salt- marshes: Where the marshes are in good condition, the birds are abundant; where the marshes are degraded, they are less common or absent. Degradation of habi- tat—walling, diking, draining, and pollution—are the principal threats to this species, having resulted in the extirpation of multiple populations, including sev- eral named taxa. Along the Atlantic coast, where the species has been closely studied (Woolfenden 1956; Norris 1968; Post 1970, 1981; Post et James D. Rising al. 1983; DeRagon 1988 in Post and Greenlaw 1994), densities, measured Department of Zoology as males per hectare, range from 0.6–1.0 in degraded habitats to 0.3–20.0 in undrained and unaltered marshes. University of Toronto First described and named by Alexander Wilson, the “Father of Ameri- Toronto ON M53 3G5 can Ornithology”, in 1811, on the basis of specimens from southern New Jersey (Great Egg Harbor), the Seaside Sparrow is a polytypic species (i.e., [email protected] a species showing geographic variation, with more than one named sub- species) with a complex taxonomic history (Austin 1983). -
Does Bird Removal Affect Grasshopper Grazing on Juncus Roemerianus (Black Needlerush) Marshes?
Does bird removal affect grasshopper grazing on Juncus roemerianus (black needlerush) marshes? Eric L. Sparks & Just Cebrian Wetlands Ecology and Management ISSN 0923-4861 Volume 23 Number 6 Wetlands Ecol Manage (2015) 23:1083-1089 DOI 10.1007/s11273-015-9438-y 1 23 Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Springer Science +Business Media Dordrecht. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be self- archived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your article, please use the accepted manuscript version for posting on your own website. You may further deposit the accepted manuscript version in any repository, provided it is only made publicly available 12 months after official publication or later and provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link is inserted to the published article on Springer's website. The link must be accompanied by the following text: "The final publication is available at link.springer.com”. 1 23 Author's personal copy Wetlands Ecol Manage (2015) 23:1083–1089 DOI 10.1007/s11273-015-9438-y SHORT COMMUNICATION Does bird removal affect grasshopper grazing on Juncus roemerianus (black needlerush) marshes? Eric L. Sparks . Just Cebrian Received: 30 September 2014 / Accepted: 15 June 2015 / Published online: 20 June 2015 Ó Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015 Abstract Grazing on J. roemerianus (black needle- (grasshoppers) is not affected by the presence of their rush), grasshopper abundance, and black needlerush dominant predator (birds) which leads to no change in plants was examined in the presence and exclusion of the health of the primary producer (black needlerush). -
Taxonkill Biolcons2009.Pdf
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier’s archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: http://www.elsevier.com/copyright Author's personal copy Biological Conservation 142 (2009) 3201–3206 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Biological Conservation journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/biocon Short communication The impact of taxonomic change on conservation: Does it kill, can it save, or is it just irrelevant? W.R. Morrison III a,1, J.L. Lohr a,1, P. Duchen a,1, R. Wilches a,1, D. Trujillo a,1, M. Mair a,1, S.S. Renner b,* a Department of Biology, University of Munich, Großhaderner Str. 2, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany b Department of Biology, University of Munich, Menzinger Str. 67, D-80638 Munich, Germany article info abstract Article history: The important question of taxonomy and its impact on conservation efforts was brought to general atten- Received 10 April 2009 tion by Robert May in 1990 with a News and Views article in Nature entitled ‘‘Taxonomy as destiny.” Received in revised form 18 July 2009 Taxonomy, however, has built-in instabilities that result in name changes, raising the question of Accepted 23 July 2009 whether name changes have a consistent impact on conservation efforts. -
Describing Species
DESCRIBING SPECIES Practical Taxonomic Procedure for Biologists Judith E. Winston COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS NEW YORK Columbia University Press Publishers Since 1893 New York Chichester, West Sussex Copyright © 1999 Columbia University Press All rights reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data © Winston, Judith E. Describing species : practical taxonomic procedure for biologists / Judith E. Winston, p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-231-06824-7 (alk. paper)—0-231-06825-5 (pbk.: alk. paper) 1. Biology—Classification. 2. Species. I. Title. QH83.W57 1999 570'.1'2—dc21 99-14019 Casebound editions of Columbia University Press books are printed on permanent and durable acid-free paper. Printed in the United States of America c 10 98765432 p 10 98765432 The Far Side by Gary Larson "I'm one of those species they describe as 'awkward on land." Gary Larson cartoon celebrates species description, an important and still unfinished aspect of taxonomy. THE FAR SIDE © 1988 FARWORKS, INC. Used by permission. All rights reserved. Universal Press Syndicate DESCRIBING SPECIES For my daughter, Eliza, who has grown up (andput up) with this book Contents List of Illustrations xiii List of Tables xvii Preface xix Part One: Introduction 1 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 3 Describing the Living World 3 Why Is Species Description Necessary? 4 How New Species Are Described 8 Scope and Organization of This Book 12 The Pleasures of Systematics 14 Sources CHAPTER 2. BIOLOGICAL NOMENCLATURE 19 Humans as Taxonomists 19 Biological Nomenclature 21 Folk Taxonomy 23 Binomial Nomenclature 25 Development of Codes of Nomenclature 26 The Current Codes of Nomenclature 50 Future of the Codes 36 Sources 39 Part Two: Recognizing Species 41 CHAPTER 3.