Chapter 2: Introduction to ICD-10-PCS

STRUCTURE AND COMPONENTS  OBJECTIVES This chapter will provide an overview of the structure of ICD-10-PCS and how In this chapter you will learn: its components make up each code. In addition, the PCS coding conventions contained in the official ICD-10-PCS Coding Guidelines will be discussed. The • The basic structure of each ICD-10-PCS code complete set of official guidelines may be found in appendix A at the end of this • The general definition of each of book. the seven PCS characters • About the three components of The ICD-10-PCS system is a completely different type of coding system than PCS (Index, Tables, List of Codes) many coding professionals may be familiar with. Instead of looking up codes in • The structure of the PCS tables the index and verifying a fixed code in the tabular list that most likely matches from which codes are constructed the documentation in medical record, PCS codes are constructed from • How to use the alphabetic index component parts found in tables. Every PCS code is made up of seven to initiate code construction characters, and each character represents a distinct value. An alphabetic index is used to direct the coder to a specific PCS table, where the remaining code values are selected. By utilizing a table format, exponentially more codes may be constructed in PCS than were available in ICD-9-CM volume 3. Compared to the current “look-up” process for ICD-9-CM, coding in ICD-10-PCS requires a process of combining semi-independent values from among a selection of values, according to the rules governing the construction of codes. Characters Each character in PCS can contain up to 34 character value options. Each value CODING AXIOM represents a specific option for the general character definitions. The alphabetic characters A–H, J–N, and P–Z, along with numbers 0–9 are used as character Official Guideline A1: ICD-10-PCS codes are composed of seven values in any character position. In order to avoid confusion with numbers 0 characters. Each character is an axis and 1, the letters I and O are not utilized. The vast majority of PCS codes follow of classification that specifies the format below, with a few exceptions related to slightly different character information about the procedure definitions for some of the ancillary-related types of services. performed. Within a defined code range, a character specifies the Character Character Character Character Character Character Character same type of information in that 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 axis of classification. Section Body Root Body Part Approach Device Qualifier System Operation

A code is constructed by choosing a specific value for each of the seven characters. Based on details about the procedure performed, values for each character specifying the section, body system, root operation, body part, approach, device, and qualifier are assigned. Because the definition of each DEFINITIONS character is also a function of its physical position in the code, the same letter or In ICD-10-PCS the term procedure number placed in a different position in the code has a different meaning. Codes refers to the complete specification are constructed using tables that are defined by their first three character values. of the seven characters that form a The tables will be discussed later in this chapter. valid code.

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Character 1: Section Ø Character Character Character Character Character Character Character 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Section Body Root Body Part Approach Device Qualifier System Operation

The procedures are divided into 16 sections that identify the general type of procedural service (e.g., Medical and Surgical, Obstetrics, Radiation Oncology). The first character of the procedure always represents the section and the majority of PCS codes are found in the Medical and Surgical section, with the character value of 0 (zero). The second through seventh character values typically have the same meaning within each section, but may mean different things in other sections. In all of the sections, the third character (Root Operation) specifies the general type of procedure performed (e.g., Excision, Inspection, Transfer), and the other characters provide additional information related to things such as the specific body part, approach used, and the type of device (if any) inserted. The 16 sections in ICD-10-PCS are listed in the table below:

0 Medical and Surgical 1Obstetrics 2Placement 3Administration 4 Measurement and Monitoring 5 Extracorporeal Assistance and Performance 6 Extracorporeal Therapies 7Osteopathic 8 Other Procedures 9Chiropractic BImaging CNuclear Medicine DRadiation Oncology F Physical Rehabilitation and Diagnostic Audiology G Mental Health H Substance Abuse Treatment

Sections 1–9 are designated as the Medical and Surgical-related sections; the remaining sections (B–H) are considered Ancillary sections. These sections will be discussed in detail in chapters 5–7. Character 2: Body System Ø Character Character Character Character Character Character Character 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Section Body Root Body Part Approach Device Qualifier System Operation

The second character, Body System, provides information related to the general physiological system or anatomical region on which the procedure was performed. The categorization of procedures into these broad groupings

68 © 2011 OptumInsight Chapter 2: Introduction to ICD-10-PCS provides quick information about the type of procedure, and makes the tables easier to navigate. All procedures with the same second character are performed CODING AXIOM on the same anatomical system or region. In the Medical and Surgical section there are 31 valid Body System values, such as Central Nervous System, Official Guideline B2.1b: Body Systems designated as upper or Respiratory System, and Tendons. In addition, there are three Body Systems in lower contain body parts located the Medical and Surgical section entitled Anatomical Regions, which are above or below the diaphragm assigned in certain circumstances, such as when a procedure is performed only respectively. on an anatomical region, rather than on a specific body part. The number of valid Body System values varies significantly depending upon the Character 1 value, Section. In the Obstetrics section, there is only one Body System, Pregnancy. The specific Body System guidelines will be discussed in further detail in chapters 5–7. Character 3: Root Operation Ø Character Character Character Character Character Character Character 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Section Body Root Body Part Approach Device Qualifier System Operation

The Root Operation is specified in the third character and can be considered one of the most important characters in the PCS code. The Root Operation identifies the objective of the procedure and it is typically the Root Operation CODING AXIOM that is found in the alphabetic index; its assignment determines which table is Official Guideline B3.1a: In order to referenced for code character completion. Coding professionals will recognize determine the appropriate root some of the Root Operations that are currently indexed in ICD-9-CM, such as operation, the full definition of the “Excision,” “Bypass,” and “Transplantation,” but others are completely different root operation as contained in the in PCS. It is absolutely essential that coders learn the specific definition of each PCS Tables must be applied. Root Operation in PCS. In the Medical and Surgical section, there are 31 different Root Operations, each with a specific definition. Each Root Operation is discussed in detail in chapter 5, where they appear in groups sharing similar attributes. Character 4: Body Part Ø Character Character Character Character Character Character Character 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Section Body Root Body Part Approach Device Qualifier System Operation CODING AXIOM The Body Part value specifies on which specific body site the procedure was Official Guideline B4.1a: If a performed. The Body Part character works together with the character 2 value procedure is performed on a for the Body System to precisely define the site of the procedure. Since there are portion of a body part that does not obviously more body parts in the human anatomy than there are available have a separate body part value, code the body part value character values, coders must understand to which general categories different corresponding to the whole body body parts belong. For example, a procedure performed on a sweat gland would, part. Example: A procedure for PCS coding purposes, be coded to a body site of “Skin.” Similarly, a performed on the alveolar process procedure performed on the mastoid process would be coded to the body part of the mandible is coded to the “Temporal Bone” in PCS. It is clear that a thorough understanding of anatomy mandible body part. and physiology is essential for accurate coding in PCS. To assist coders in locating the most appropriate Body Part character value, an official Body Part Key is available that translates specific anatomical locations to the corresponding

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PCS value that can be found in the tables. Refer to appendix D to review the most recently released Body Part Key. Character 5: Approach Ø Character Character Character Character Character Character Character 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Section Body Root Body Part Approach Device Qualifier System Operation CODING AXIOM Character 5 in PCS codes indicates the approach, or the method or technique Official Guideline B5.3a: Procedures used to reach the site of the procedure. In the Medical and Surgical section of performed within an orifice on PCS there are seven different approach character values, each describing the structures that are visible without access location, method, and the type of instrumentation used. Coding the aid of any instrumentation are guidelines help define which approach value is selected when a combination of coded to the approach External. Example: Resection of tonsils is approaches is utilized. For instance, if a procedure is performed using a coded to the approach External. “laparoscopic-assisted open” approach, the procedure is coded to the approach value for “Open.” Character 6: Device Ø Character Character Character Character Character Character Character 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Section Body Root Body Part Approach Device Qualifier System Operation

The device is specified in character 6 and is only assigned for those devices that CODING AXIOM remain in the patient’s body at the conclusion of the procedure. There are four different types of devices used in the PCS system, which will be discussed in Official Guideline B6.1c: Procedures greater detail in chapter 3. It is important to thoroughly understand appropriate performed on a device only and not on a body part are specified in the device coding, because some Root Operations (character 3) may only be Root Operations Change, Irrigation, assigned for procedures involving devices. Examples include Root Operations Removal and Revision, and are Insertion, Replacement, and Removal. Materials that are incidental to a coded to the procedure performed. procedure, such as sutures, clips, ligatures, and temporary postoperative wound Example: Irrigation of a drains are not specified in the device character. Because new technologies often percutaneous nephrostomy tube is coded to the Root Operation involve new devices, there is a character 6 value for Other Device, which can be Irrigation of indwelling device in the assigned until a more specific value is developed and released. To assist the coder Administration section. in appropriate Device character value assignment, an official Device Key has been released that provides the specific manufacturer name for each device, along with its corresponding PCS Device character definition. Refer to appendix E to review the most recently released Device Key. Character 7: Qualifier Ø Character Character Character Character Character Character Character ✓ QUICK TIP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Section Body Root Body Part Approach Device Qualifier At this point in time, most of the System Operation PCS Tables have only one value in the Qualifier character: Z, No Qualifier. As a result, most valid PCS The seventh character in a PCS code represents a Qualifier, which provides codes end in the character Z. various types of additional information about the procedure. It may indicate the

70 © 2011 OptumInsight Chapter 2: Introduction to ICD-10-PCS destination of a bypass procedure or very specific information, such as whether a joint replacement device was cemented or uncemented. When the Qualifier value is Diagnostic for Root Operations Extraction, Excision or Drainage, it indicates that a biopsy procedure was performed.

TABLES The tables make up the largest section of the PCS system. The structure of the tables is always the same: the information related to the first three character values of a section of codes is found within the top section. For a majority of codes, the first character value is the Section (e.g., Medical and Surgical), the second character is the Body System (e.g., Hepatobiliary System and Pancreas), and the third character is the Root Operation (e.g., Excision). The remainder of the table contains four columns that represent the remaining four character values for valid codes (Body Part, Approach, Device, and Qualifier). When constructing codes, the values must be selected across a row. If one character value does not appear on the same row in the table, those character values may not be combined to form a valid code. For example, review Table 0FB below:

0 Medical and Surgical F Hepatobiliary System and Pancreas B Excision Cutting out or off, without replacement, a portion of a body part Body Part Approach Device Qualifier Character 4 Character 5 Character 6 Character 7 0 Liver 0 Open Z No Device X Diagnostic 1 Liver, Right Lobe 3 Percutaneous Z No Qualifier 2 Liver, Left Lobe 4 Percutaneous 4 Gallbladder Endoscopic G Pancreas 5 Hepatic Duct, Right 0 Open Z No Device X Diagnostic 6 Hepatic Duct, Left 3 Percutaneous Z No Qualifier 8 Cystic Duct 4 Percutaneous 9 Common Bile Duct Endoscopic C Ampulla of Vater 7 Via Natural or D Pancreatic Duct Artificial Opening F Pancreatic Duct, 8 Via Natural or Accessory Artificial Opening Endoscopic

Note that the first three character values are listed at the top of the table, along with the definition of the Root Operation (Excision). There are only two rows in this particular table, but valid codes may only be constructed moving across one row. For example, 0FB04ZX is a valid code from this table that represents a laparoscopic excisional liver biopsy.

Section Body Root Body Part Approach Device Qualifier System Operation 0 F B 0 4 Z X Medical & Hepato- Excision Liver Percutaneous No Device Diagnostic Surgical biliary Endoscopic System and Pancreas

Refer back to Table 0FB, above. Code 0FB07ZX is not a valid code because the approach value 7 (Via Natural or Artificial Opening) is not in the same row with the Body Part 0 (Liver), meaning that it is an invalid combination of values. Typically, it is not anatomically possible to access the liver through a natural or artificial opening in the body. From this example it is easy to see that the coder must review the tables carefully and ensure that the values selected are all contained within the same row. Be aware that some of the PCS tables are very

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lengthy; if using an ICD-10-PCS book, be sure to review rows that may be found on subsequent pages in the book.

It cannot be emphasized enough that coders must ensure that the character values are only selected from ONE row in any given PCS table. Many of the rows in a table can appear to be very similar, or nearly identical; it is the coder’s responsibility to determine what the differences are when assigning characters to construct a PCS code. The table below contains rows that are very similar.

0 Medical and Surgical B Respiratory System ☛ KEY POINT 9Drainage Taking or letting out fluids and/or gases from a body part Body Part Approach Device Qualifier Official Guideline A9: Within a PCS Character 4 Character 5 Character 6 Character 7 table, valid codes include all 1 Trachea 0 Open 0 Drainage Device Z No Qualifier combinations of choices in 2 Carina 3 Percutaneous characters 4 through 7 contained in 3 Main Bronchus, Right 4 Percutaneous the same row of the table. 4 Upper Lobe Endoscopic Bronchus, Right 7 Via Natural or 5 Middle Lobe Artificial Opening Bronchus, Right 8 Via Natural or 6 Lower Lobe Artificial Opening Bronchus, Right Endoscopic 7 Main Bronchus, Left 8 Upper Lobe Bronchus, Left 9 Lingula Bronchus B Lower Lobe Bronchus, Left C Upper Lung Lobe, Right D Middle Lung Lobe, Right F Lower Lung Lobe, Right G Upper Lung Lobe, Left H Lung Lingula J Lower Lung Lobe, Left K Lung, Right L Lung, Left M Lungs, Bilateral 1 Trachea 0 Open Z No Device X Diagnostic 2 Carina 3 Percutaneous Z No Qualifier 3 Main Bronchus, Right 4 Percutaneous 4 Upper Lobe Endoscopic Bronchus, Right 7 Via Natural or 5 Middle Lobe Artificial Opening Bronchus, Right 8 Via Natural or 6 Lower Lobe Artificial Opening Bronchus, Right Endoscopic 7 Main Bronchus, Left 8 Upper Lobe Bronchus, Left 9 Lingula Bronchus B Lower Lobe Bronchus, Left C Upper Lung Lobe, Right D Middle Lung Lobe, Right F Lower Lung Lobe, Right G Upper Lung Lobe, Left H Lung Lingula J Lower Lung Lobe, Left K Lung, Right L Lung, Left M Lungs, Bilateral

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The first two rows of Table 0B9 appear very similar; the character values for Body Part (Character 4) and Approach (Character 5) are identical. But note that the values in Characters 6 and 7 differ. Qualifier (Character 7) value Z, No Qualifier appears in both rows, but in the second row, Qualifier value X, Diagnostic, also appears. In the row with the X, Diagnostic value, only one value appears in the Device column (Character 6), which is Z, No Device. This means that if a diagnostic biopsy procedure is performed, it cannot be coded together with a procedure reflecting a drainage device. The use of these character value combinations in the rows allows the system to restrict valid code construction only to those procedures that are clinically legitimate.

The tables are organized in a series, beginning with section numbers 0–9 in numerical order, followed by the letters B–D and F–H. The order of values for the second character is the same: first the numbers 0–9, and then the letters B–D, F–H, progressing alphabetically to body system Y, making it easy to locate any given table.

INDEX An alphabetic index is provided with the PCS tables to assist the coder in ✓ QUICK TIP finding the most appropriate table from which to build PCS codes. The main Official Guideline A7: It is not term entries for procedural services are indexed in two ways: required to consult the index first before proceeding to the tables to • By Root Operation (e.g., Excision, Transplantation, Dilation) complete the code. A valid code may be chosen directly from the • By common procedural terms tables. Using our example above for a laparoscopic excisional liver biopsy, if we look under the main term “Excision” in the index, the following appears:

Excision Liver 0FB0 Left Lobe 0FB2 Right Lobe 0FB1

The index provides the first three or four character values so that the coder can then turn to the correct table and complete the code construction. In the example above, regardless of which lobe of the liver is excised, Table 0FB should be reviewed.

There are many terms that are cross-referenced in the PCS index. Many of these entries represent common procedural terms that are not designated as Root Operations in PCS. For example, if the term “Biopsy” is located in the index, the following appears:

Biopsy see Drainage, Diagnostic see Excision, Diagnostic

In our example for a laparoscopic excisional liver biopsy, the Root Operation character value B for “Excision” is selected and the “Diagnostic” portion of the procedure is in the 7th character value position (X), reflecting the diagnostic biopsy procedure.

If the appropriate Root Operation is known, that term should be searched in the index in order to locate the corresponding PCS table most easily. Until the coder becomes familiar with the Root Operation terms found in PCS, it may be necessary to follow the instructional notes in the index for the other commonly

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performed procedural services, for terms such as “Appendectomy,” “Colostomy,” or “PTCA.” In many cases the indexed entry will provide the first three or four character values, routing the coder to the appropriate table. It is recommended that all coding staff become familiar with using the alphabetic index, but it is not required that they use the index to be routed to the appropriate table. If the first several character values are known, codes may be constructed directly from the tables. Unlike ICD-9-CM, there is no information in the PCS index that is necessary but not found in the tables.

LIST OF CODES The ICD-10-PCS List of Codes is a resource that provides each and every valid GENERAL INFO PCS code, along with its full text description. The codes are presented in alphanumeric order and use rules that result in complete, standardized code The method of code construction descriptions. Returning to our previous example for Table 0FB, the codes in the using the PCS tables allows for the following table represent all valid combinations of the character values found in potential assignment of thousands the table. There are currently 100 valid combinations of values for Table 0FB. more unique PCS codes than were available in ICD-9-CM volume 3. For ICD-10-PCS Description 2012, there are 71,918 unique ICD-10-PCS codes. Code 0FB00ZX Excision of Liver, Open Approach, Diagnostic 0FB00ZZ Excision of Liver, Open Approach 0FB03ZX Excision of Liver, Percutaneous Approach, Diagnostic 0FB03ZZ Excision of Liver, Percutaneous Approach 0FB04ZX Excision of Liver, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach, Diagnostic 0FB04ZZ Excision of Liver, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach 0FB10ZX Excision of Right Lobe Liver, Open Approach, Diagnostic 0FB10ZZ Excision of Right Lobe Liver, Open Approach 0FB13ZX Excision of Right Lobe Liver, Percutaneous Approach, Diagnostic 0FB13ZZ Excision of Right Lobe Liver, Percutaneous Approach 0FB14ZX Excision of Right Lobe Liver, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach, Diagnostic 0FB14ZZ Excision of Right Lobe Liver, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach 0FB20ZX Excision of Left Lobe Liver, Open Approach, Diagnostic 0FB20ZZ Excision of Left Lobe Liver, Open Approach 0FB23ZX Excision of Left Lobe Liver, Percutaneous Approach, Diagnostic 0FB23ZZ Excision of Left Lobe Liver, Percutaneous Approach 0FB24ZX Excision of Left Lobe Liver, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach, Diagnostic 0FB24ZZ Excision of Left Lobe Liver, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach 0FB40ZX Excision of Gallbladder, Open Approach, Diagnostic 0FB40ZZ Excision of Gallbladder, Open Approach 0FB43ZX Excision of Gallbladder, Percutaneous Approach, Diagnostic 0FB43ZZ Excision of Gallbladder, Percutaneous Approach 0FB44ZX Excision of Gallbladder, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach, Diagnostic 0FB44ZZ Excision of Gallbladder, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach

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ICD-10-PCS Description Code 0FB50ZX Excision of Right Hepatic Duct, Open Approach, Diagnostic 0FB50ZZ Excision of Right Hepatic Duct, Open Approach 0FB53ZX Excision of Right Hepatic Duct, Percutaneous Approach, Diagnostic 0FB53ZZ Excision of Right Hepatic Duct, Percutaneous Approach 0FB54ZX Excision of Right Hepatic Duct, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach, Diagnostic 0FB54ZZ Excision of Right Hepatic Duct, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach 0FB57ZX Excision of Right Hepatic Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening, Diagnostic 0FB57ZZ Excision of Right Hepatic Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening 0FB58ZX Excision of Right Hepatic Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening Endoscopic, Diagnostic 0FB58ZZ Excision of Right Hepatic Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening Endoscopic 0FB60ZX Excision of Left Hepatic Duct, Open Approach, Diagnostic 0FB60ZZ Excision of Left Hepatic Duct, Open Approach 0FB63ZX Excision of Left Hepatic Duct, Percutaneous Approach, Diagnostic 0FB63ZZ Excision of Left Hepatic Duct, Percutaneous Approach 0FB64ZX Excision of Left Hepatic Duct, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach, Diagnostic 0FB64ZZ Excision of Left Hepatic Duct, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach 0FB67ZX Excision of Left Hepatic Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening, Diagnostic 0FB67ZZ Excision of Left Hepatic Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening 0FB68ZX Excision of Left Hepatic Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening Endoscopic, Diagnostic 0FB68ZZ Excision of Left Hepatic Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening Endoscopic 0FB80ZX Excision of Cystic Duct, Open Approach, Diagnostic 0FB80ZZ Excision of Cystic Duct, Open Approach 0FB83ZX Excision of Cystic Duct, Percutaneous Approach, Diagnostic 0FB83ZZ Excision of Cystic Duct, Percutaneous Approach 0FB84ZX Excision of Cystic Duct, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach, Diagnostic 0FB84ZZ Excision of Cystic Duct, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach 0FB87ZX Excision of Cystic Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening, Diagnostic 0FB87ZZ Excision of Cystic Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening 0FB88ZX Excision of Cystic Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening Endoscopic, Diagnostic 0FB88ZZ Excision of Cystic Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening Endoscopic 0FB90ZX Excision of Common Bile Duct, Open Approach, Diagnostic 0FB90ZZ Excision of Common Bile Duct, Open Approach 0FB93ZX Excision of Common Bile Duct, Percutaneous Approach, Diagnostic

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ICD-10-PCS Description Code 0FB93ZZ Excision of Common Bile Duct, Percutaneous Approach 0FB94ZX Excision of Common Bile Duct, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach, Diagnostic 0FB94ZZ Excision of Common Bile Duct, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach 0FB97ZX Excision of Common Bile Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening, Diagnostic 0FB97ZZ Excision of Common Bile Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening 0FB98ZX Excision of Common Bile Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening Endoscopic, Diagnostic 0FB98ZZ Excision of Common Bile Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening Endoscopic 0FBC0ZX Excision of Ampulla of Vater, Open Approach, Diagnostic 0FBC0ZZ Excision of Ampulla of Vater, Open Approach 0FBC3ZX Excision of Ampulla of Vater, Percutaneous Approach, Diagnostic 0FBC3ZZ Excision of Ampulla of Vater, Percutaneous Approach 0FBC4ZX Excision of Ampulla of Vater, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach, Diagnostic 0FBC4ZZ Excision of Ampulla of Vater, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach 0FBC7ZX Excision of Ampulla of Vater, Via Natural or Artificial Opening, Diagnostic 0FBC7ZZ Excision of Ampulla of Vater, Via Natural or Artificial Opening 0FBC8ZX Excision of Ampulla of Vater, Via Natural or Artificial Opening Endoscopic, Diagnostic 0FBC8ZZ Excision of Ampulla of Vater, Via Natural or Artificial Opening Endoscopic 0FBD0ZX Excision of Pancreatic Duct, Open Approach, Diagnostic 0FBD0ZZ Excision of Pancreatic Duct, Open Approach 0FBD3ZX Excision of Pancreatic Duct, Percutaneous Approach, Diagnostic 0FBD3ZZ Excision of Pancreatic Duct, Percutaneous Approach 0FBD4ZX Excision of Pancreatic Duct, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach, Diagnostic 0FBD4ZZ Excision of Pancreatic Duct, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach 0FBD7ZX Excision of Pancreatic Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening, Diagnostic 0FBD7ZZ Excision of Pancreatic Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening 0FBD8ZX Excision of Pancreatic Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening Endoscopic, Diagnostic 0FBD8ZZ Excision of Pancreatic Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening Endoscopic 0FBF0ZX Excision of Accessory Pancreatic Duct, Open Approach, Diagnostic 0FBF0ZZ Excision of Accessory Pancreatic Duct, Open Approach 0FBF3ZX Excision of Accessory Pancreatic Duct, Percutaneous Approach, Diagnostic 0FBF3ZZ Excision of Accessory Pancreatic Duct, Percutaneous Approach

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ICD-10-PCS Description Code 0FBF4ZX Excision of Accessory Pancreatic Duct, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach, Diagnostic 0FBF4ZZ Excision of Accessory Pancreatic Duct, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach 0FBF7ZX Excision of Accessory Pancreatic Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening, Diagnostic 0FBF7ZZ Excision of Accessory Pancreatic Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening 0FBF8ZX Excision of Accessory Pancreatic Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening Endoscopic, Diagnostic 0FBF8ZZ Excision of Accessory Pancreatic Duct, Via Natural or Artificial Opening Endoscopic 0FBG0ZX Excision of Pancreas, Open Approach, Diagnostic 0FBG0ZZ Excision of Pancreas, Open Approach 0FBG3ZX Excision of Pancreas, Percutaneous Approach, Diagnostic 0FBG3ZZ Excision of Pancreas, Percutaneous Approach 0FBG4ZX Excision of Pancreas, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach, Diagnostic 0FBG4ZZ Excision of Pancreas, Percutaneous Endoscopic Approach

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Appendix

MEDICAL & SURGICAL SECTION ROOT OPERATION GROUPS

Root operations that take out some or all of a body part

Root operation Objective of procedure Site of procedure Example

Excision (B) Cutting out/off without replacement Some of a body part Breast lumpectomy Resection (T) Cutting out/off without replacement All of a body part Total mastectomy Detachment (G) Cutting out/off without replacement Extremity only, any level Amputation above elbow Destruction (5) Eradicating without replacement Some/all of a body part Fulguration of endometrium Extraction (D) Pulling out or off without replacement Some/all of a body part Suction D&C

Root operations that take out solids/fluids/gases from a body part

Root operation Objective of procedure Site of procedure Example

Drainage (9) Taking/letting out fluids/gases Within a body part Incision and drainage Extirpation (C) Taking/cutting out solid matter Within a body part Thrombectomy Fragmentation (F) Breaking solid matter into pieces Within a body part Lithotripsy Root operations involving cutting or separation only

Root operation Objective of procedure Site of procedure Example

Division (8) Cutting into/separating a body part Within a body part Neurotomy Release (N) Freeing a body part from constraint Around a body part Adhesiolysis

Root operations that put in/put back or move some/all of a body part

Root operation Objective of procedure Site of procedure Example

Transplantation (Y) Putting in a living body part from a Some/all of a body part Kidney transplant person/animal Reattachment (M) Putting back a detached body part Some/all of a body part Reattach finger Transfer (X) Moving a body part to function for a similar Some/all of a body part Skin transfer flap body part Reposition (S) Moving a body part to normal or other suitable Some/all of a body part Move undescended testicle location

Root operations involving examination only

Root operation Objective of procedure Site of procedure Example

Inspection (J) Visual/manual exploration Some/all of a body part Diagnostic cystoscopy Map (K) Location electrical impulses/functional Brain/cardiac conduction mechanism Cardiac electrophysiological study areas

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Root operations that alter the diameter/route of a tubular body part

Root operation Objective of procedure Site of procedure Example

Restriction (V) Partially closing orifice/lumen Tubular body part Gastroesophageal fundoplication Occlusion (L) Completely closing orifice/lumen Tubular body part Fallopian tube ligation Dilation (7) Expanding orifice/lumen Tubular body part Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) Bypass (I) Altering route of passage Tubular body part Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)

Root operations that always involve a device

Root operation Objective of procedure Site of procedure Example

Insertion (H)DVC Putting in nonbiological device In/on a body part Central line insertion Replacement (R)DVC Putting in device that replaces a body Some/all of a body part Total hip replacement part Supplement (U)DVC Putting in device that reinforces or In/on a body part Abdominal wall herniorrhaphy using augments a body part mesh Change (2)DVC Exchanging device w/out In/on a body part Drainage tube change cutting/puncturing Removal (P)DVC Taking out device In/on a body part Central line removal Revision (W)DVC Correcting a malfunctioning/displaced In/on a body part Revision of pacemaker insertion device DVC = Device involved in root operation

Root operations that define other repairs

Root operation Objective of procedure Site of procedure Example

Control (3) Stopping/attempting to stop Anatomical region Postprostatectomy bleeding control postprocedural bleed Repair (Q) Restoring body part to its normal Some/all of a body part Suture laceration structure

Root operations that define other objectives

Root operation Objective of procedure Site of procedure Example

Fusion (G) Rendering joint immobile Joint Spinal fusion Alteration (0) Modifying body part for cosmetic Some/all of a body part Face lift purposes without affecting function Creation (4) Making new structure for sex change Perineum Artificial vagina/penis operation

80 © 2011 OptumInsight Appendix: Root Operation Conversion Table

ROOT OPERATION CONVERSION TABLE Documented Procedure PCS Root Operation Key Objective of Procedure/Comment Common Suffixes -centesis Drainage 9 -desis Fusion G -ectomy Excision B Cutting out or off, without replacement, a portion Resection T Cutting out or off, without replacement, all of a body part -exeresis Extraction D -lysis Release N -oscopy Inspection J -otomy Division 8 Cutting into body part w/o taking out fluids and/or gases to separate or transect a body part Drainage 9 Taking out fluids and/or gases -pexy Repair Q Restoring to normal anatomy or function—Used only when no other root operation is applicable Reposition S Move body part to a new location (e.g., free flaps) -plasty Repair Q Restoring to normal anatomy or function—Used only when no other root operation is applicable ReplacementDVC R Putting in/on biological/synthetic material to take the place and/or function of a body part SupplementDVC U Putting in/on biologic/synthetic material to reinforce and/or augment the function of a body part. -plication Restriction V -rraphy Repair Q -stasis Control 3 -tripsy Fragmentation F Common Procedures Adenoidectomy partial Excision B Coded separately from concomitant tonsillectomy total Resection T Coded separately from concomitant tonsillectomy Adhesiolysis Release N Advancement (flap) Reposition S Move body part to a new location (e.g., free flaps) Transfer X Move body part to another location to take over the function, still connected to its vascular and nervous supply Amniocentesis Drainage 9 See table 1Ø9 Amputation (extremity) Detachment 6 Anastomosis Bypass 1 Aneurysm clipping Restriction V Angiocardiography (e.g., with cardiac Plain Radiography Ø See table B2Ø cath) Angioplasty Dilation 7 Expanding orifice or lumen (e.g., PTCA) Repair Q Restoring to normal anatomy or function—Used only when no other root operation is applicable ReplacementDVC R Putting in/on biological/synthetic material to take the place and/or function of a body part SupplementDVC U Putting in/on biologic/synthetic material to reinforce and/or augment the function of a body part Annuloplasty with ring Supplement DVC U Antrostomy Drainage 9 Arthrocentesis Drainage 9 Arthroplasty Repair Q Restoring to normal anatomy or function—Used only when no other root operation is applicable ReplacementDVC R Putting in/on biological/synthetic material to take the place and/or function of a body part SupplementDVC U Putting in/on biologic/synthetic material to reinforce and/or augment the function of a body part Arthroscopy Inspection J Aspiration Drainage 9 Banding Restriction V

© 2011 OptumInsight 81 OptumInsight Learning: Detailed Instruction for Appropriate ICD-10-PCS Coding

DEFINITIONS

Approach Definitions

Access Visualization/ Access Method Approach Definition Example Location Instrumentation Skin or mucous Cutting through None Open Cutting through the skin or mucous Abdominal membrane body layers (0) membrane and any other body layers hysterectomy necessary to expose the site of the procedure Open CABG Open endarterectomy With visualization Open Cutting through the skin or mucous Laparoscopic-assisted (0) membrane and any other body layers sigmoidectomy necessary to expose the site of the procedure, and entry, by puncture or minor incision, of instrumentation through the skin or mucous membrane and any other body layers necessary to aid in the performance of the procedure Puncture or small None Percutaneous Entry, by puncture or minor incision, of Needle biopsy of liver incision (3) instrumentation through the skin or mucous Liposuction membrane and/or any other body layers necessary to reach the site of the procedure With visualization Percutaneous Entry, by puncture or minor incision, of Arthroscopy Endoscopic instrumentation through the skin or mucous Laparoscopic (4) membrane and/or any other body layers cholecystectomy necessary to reach and visualize the site of Endoscopic drainage of the procedure sinuses None None External Procedures performed directly on the skin Closed fracture (X) or mucous membrane and procedures reduction performed indirectly by the application of Resection of tonsils external force through the skin or mucous Excision of lesion membrane Cautery of nose bleed Puncture or small With visualization Via Natural or Artificial Entry of instrumentation through a natural or Endoscopicaly assisted incision. With Opening with artificial external opening to reach and PEG tube placement instrumentation Percutaneous visualize the site of the procedure, and Laparoscopic-assisted assistance Endoscopic Assistance entry, by puncture or minor incision, of vaginal hysterectomy (F) instrumentation through the skin or (LAVH) mucous membrane and any other body layers necessary to aid in the performance of the procedure Orifice Natural or artificial None Via Natural or Artificial Entry of instrumentation through a natural or Foley catheter external opening Opening artificial external opening to reach the site of placement (7) the procedure Digital rectal exam Endotracheal intubation With visualization Via Natural or Artificial Entry of instrumentation through a natural or Sigmoidoscopy Opening Endoscopic artificial external opening to reach and EGD (8) visualize the site of the procedure Colonscopy

DEVICE DEFINITIONS Note: Do not assign a device value unless the device remains in the patient at the conclusion of the procedure.

Grafts and Prostheses Biological or synthetic material that takes the place • Autologous tissue substitute • Nonautologous tissue of all or a portion of a body part. • Joint prostheses substitute • Zooplastic tissue Implants Therapeutic material that is not absorbed by, • Orthopedic pins • Radioactive element implant eliminated by, or incorporated into a body part. Therapeutic materials that are considered devices can be removed. Simple or Mechanical Biological or synthetic material that assists or •Drainage device • Intraluminal device Appliances prevents a physiological function. • Extraluminal device • Tracheostomy device • Endobrachial device •IUD Electronic Appliances Electronic appliances used to assist, monitor, take • Cardiac leads • Hearing device the place of, or prevent a physiological function. • Diaphragmatic pacemaker • Monitoring device • External heart assist system •Neurostimulator

82 © 2011 OptumInsight Appendix: Body Parts Near Joints

BODY PARTS NEAR JOINTS Note: The following body part value is coded when a specific body part value does not exist and the procedure involves the area surrounding the joint; including skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle and tendon

Anatomical Part PCS Body Part Shoulder Upper Arm Elbow Lower Arm Wrist Lower Arm Hip Upper Leg Knee Lower Leg Ankle Foot

PCS CHARACTER DEFINITIONS All codes in ICD-10-PCS are seven characters long. Each character in the seven-character code represents an aspect of the procedure, as shown in the following diagram of characters from the main section of ICD-10-PCS, called MEDICAL AND SURGICAL.

Section Root operation Approach Qualifier

1345672

Body system Body part Device

© 2011 OptumInsight 83 OptumInsight Learning: Detailed Instruction for Appropriate ICD-10-PCS Coding

BODY PART KEY Anatomical Term PCS Description Anatomical Term PCS Description Anatomical snuffbox Lower Arm and Wrist Tendon, Right Abdominal aortic plexus Abdominal Sympathetic Nerve Lower Arm and Wrist Tendon, Left Abdominal esophagus Esophagus, Lower Angular artery Face Artery Abductor hallucis muscle Foot Muscle, Right Angular vein Face Vein, Left Foot Muscle, Left Face Vein, Right Abductor hallucis tendon Foot Tendon, Right Annular ligament Elbow Bursa and Ligament, Right Foot Tendon, Left Elbow Bursa and Ligament, Left Accessory cephalic vein Cephalic Vein, Right Anorectal junction Rectum Cephalic Vein, Left Ansa cervicalis Cervical Plexus Accessory obturator nerve Lumbar Plexus Antebrachial fascia Subcutaneous Tissue and Fascia, Right Accessory phrenic nerve Phrenic nerve Lower Arm Accessory spleen Spleen Subcutaneous Tissue and Fascia, Left Lower Arm Acetabulofemoral joint Hip Joint, Left Anterior (pectoral) lymph Lymphatic, Left Axillary Hip Joint, Right node Lymphatic, Right Axillary Achilles tendon Lower Leg Tendon, Right Anterior cerebral artery Intracranial Artery Lower Leg Tendon, Left Anterior cerebral vein Intracranial Vein Acromioclavicular ligament Shoulder Bursa and Ligament, Right Anterior choroidal artery Intracranial Artery Shoulder Bursa and Ligament, Left Anterior circumflex humeral Axillary Artery, Right Acromion (process) Scapula, Left artery Axillary Artery, Left Scapula, Right Anterior communicating Intracranial Artery Acute margin Ventricle, Right artery Adductor brevis muscle Upper Leg Muscle, Right Anterior crural nerve Femoral Nerve Upper Leg Muscle, Left Anterior cruciate ligament Knee Bursa and Ligament, Right (ACL) Adductor brevis tendon Upper Leg Tendon, Right Knee Bursa and Ligament, Left Upper Leg Tendon, Left Anterior facial vein Face Vein, Left Adductor hallucis muscle Foot Muscle, Right Face Vein, Right Foot Muscle, Left Anterior intercostal artery Internal Mammary Artery, Right Adductor hallucis tendon Foot Tendon, Right Internal Mammary Artery, Left Foot Tendon, Left Anterior interosseous nerve Median Nerve Adductor longus muscle Upper Leg Muscle, Right Anterior lateral malleolar Anterior Tibial Artery, Right artery Upper Leg Muscle, Left Anterior Tibial Artery, Left Adductor longus tendon Upper Leg Tendon, Right Anterior lingual gland Minor Salivary Gland Upper Leg Tendon, Left Anterior medial malleolar Anterior Tibial Artery, Right artery Adductor magnus muscle Upper Leg Muscle, Right Anterior Tibial Artery, Left Upper Leg Muscle, Left Anterior spinal artery Vertebral Artery, Right Adductor magnus tendon Upper Leg Tendon, Right Vertebral Artery, Left Upper Leg Tendon, Left Anterior tibial recurrent Anterior Tibial Artery, Right artery Adenohypophysis Pituitary Gland Anterior Tibial Artery, Left Alar ligament of axis Head and Neck Bursa and Ligament Anterior ulnar recurrent Ulnar Artery, Right artery Alveolar process of mandible Mandible, Left Ulnar Artery, Left Mandible, Right Anterior vagal trunk Vagus Nerve Alveolar process of maxilla Maxilla, Left Anterior vertebral tendon Head and Neck Tendon Maxilla, Right Anterior vertebral muscle Neck Muscle, Right Anal orifice (syn) Anus Neck Muscle, Left

84 © 2011 OptumInsight Appendix: Body Part Key

Anatomical Term PCS Description Anatomical Term PCS Description

Antihelix External Ear, Right Axillary fascia Subcutaneous Tissue and Fascia, Right Upper Arm External Ear, Left Subcutaneous Tissue and Fascia, Left External Ear, Bilateral Upper Arm Antitragus External Ear, Right Axillary nerve Brachial Plexus External Ear, Left Bartholin's (greater Vestibular Gland vestibular) gland External Ear, Bilateral Basal (internal) cerebral vein Antrum of Highmore Maxillary Sinus, Right Intracranial Vein Basal nuclei Maxillary Sinus, Left Basal Ganglia Basilar artery Intracranial Artery Aortic annulus Aortic Valve Basis pontis Aortic arch (syn) Thoracic Aorta Pons Biceps brachii muscle Aortic intercostal artery Thoracic Aorta Upper Arm Muscle, Right Upper Arm Muscle, Left Apical (subclavicular) lymph Lymphatic, Left Axillary node Biceps brachii tendon Lymphatic, Right Axillary Upper Arm Tendon, Right Apneustic center Pons Upper Arm Tendon, Left Biceps femoris muscle Upper Leg Muscle, Right Aqueduct of Sylvius Cerebral Ventricle Aqueous humour Anterior Chamber, Right Upper Leg Muscle, Left Biceps femoris tendon Anterior Chamber, Left Upper Leg Tendon, Right Upper Leg Tendon, Left Arachnoid mater Cerebral Meninges Bicipital aponeurosis Subcutaneous Tissue and Fascia, Right Spinal Meninges Lower Arm Arcuate artery Foot Artery, Right Subcutaneous Tissue and Fascia, Left Foot Artery, Right Lower Arm Areola Nipple, Left Bicuspid valve Mitral Valve Nipple, Right Body of femur Femoral Shaft, Right Aryepiglottic fold Larynx Femoral Shaft, Left Arytenoid cartilage Larynx Body of fibula Fibula, Left Arytenoid muscle Neck Muscle, Right Fibula, Right Neck Muscle, Left Bony labyrinth Inner Ear, Left Arytenoid tendon Head and Neck Tendon Inner Ear, Right Ascending aorta Thoracic Aorta Bony orbit Orbit, Left Ascending palatine artery Face Artery Orbit, Right Ascending pharyngeal artery External Carotid Artery, Right Bony vestibule Inner Ear, Left External Carotid Artery, Left Inner Ear, Right Atlantoaxial joint Cervical Vertebral Joint Brachial (lateral) lymph node Lymphatic, Left Axillary Atrioventricular node Conduction Mechanism Lymphatic, Right Axillary Atrium dextrum cordis Atrium, Right Brachialis muscle Upper Arm Muscle, Right Atrium pulmonale Atrium, Left Upper Arm Muscle, Left Auditory tube Eustachian Tube, Right Brachialis tendon Upper Arm Tendon, Right Eustachian Tube, Left Upper Arm Tendon, Left Auerbach's (myenteric) Abdominal Sympathetic Nerve Brachiocephalic trunk or Innominate Artery plexus artery Innominate Artery Auricle External Ear, Right Brachiocephalic vein (syn) Innominate Vein, Right External Ear, Left Innominate Vein, Left External Ear, Bilateral Brachioradialis tendon Lower Arm and Wrist Tendon, Right Auricularis tendon Head and Neck Tendon Lower Arm and Wrist Tendon, Left Auricularis muscle Head Muscle

© 2011 OptumInsight 85 OptumInsight Learning: Detailed Instruction for Appropriate ICD-10-PCS Coding

Anatomical Term PCS Description Anatomical Term PCS Description

Brachioradialis muscle Lower Arm and Wrist Muscle, Right Cerebral aqueduct (Sylvius) Cerebral Ventricle Lower Arm and Wrist Muscle, Left Cerebrum (syn) Brain Broad ligament Uterine Supporting Structure Cervical esophagus Esophagus, Upper Bronchial artery Thoracic Aorta Cervical facet joint Cervical Vertebral Joints, 2 or more Buccal gland Buccal Mucosa Cervical Vertebral Joint Buccinator lymph node Lymphatic, Head Cervical ganglion Head and Neck Sympathetic Nerve Buccinator muscle Facial Muscle Cervical intertransverse Head and Neck Bursa and Ligament ligament Bulbospongiosus muscle Perineum Muscle Cervical interspinous Head and Neck Bursa and Ligament Bulbospongiosus tendon Perineum Tendon ligament Bulbourethral (Cowper's) Urethra Cervical ligamentum flavum Head and Neck Bursa and Ligament gland Cervical lymph node Lymphatic, Left Neck Bundle of His Conduction Mechanism Lymphatic, Right Neck Bundle of Kent Conduction Mechanism Cervicothoracic facet joint Cervicothoracic Vertebral Joint Calcaneocuboid ligament Foot Bursa and Ligament, Right Choana Nasopharynx Foot Bursa and Ligament, Left Chondroglossus muscle Tongue, Palate, Pharynx Muscle Calcaneocuboid joint Tarsal Joint, Right Chorda tympani Facial Nerve Tarsal Joint, Left Choroid plexus Cerebral Ventricle Calcaneofibular ligament Ankle Bursa and Ligament, Right Ciliary body Eye, Left Ankle Bursa and Ligament, Left Eye, Right Calcaneus Tarsal, Left Ciliary ganglion Head and Neck Sympathetic Nerve Tarsal, Right Circle of Willis Intracranial Artery Capitate bone Carpal, Left Circumflex iIliac artery Femoral Artery, Right Carpal, Right Femoral Artery, Left Cardia Esophagogastric Junction Claustrum Basal Ganglia Cardiac plexus Thoracic Sympathetic Nerve Coccygeal body Coccygeal Glomus Cardioesophageal junction Esophagogastric Junction Coccygeus muscle Trunk Muscle, Left Caroticotympanic artery Internal Carotid Artery, Right Coccygeus tendon Trunk Tendon, Left Internal Carotid Artery, Left Cochlea Inner Ear, Left Carotid glomus Carotid Bodies, Bilateral Inner Ear, Right Carotid Body, Right Cochlear nerve Acoustic Nerve Carotid Body, Left Columella Nose Carotid sinus nerve Glossopharyngeal Nerve Common digital vein Foot Vein, Left Carotid sinus Internal Carotid Artery, Right Foot Vein, Right Internal Carotid Artery, Left Common facial vein Face Vein, Left Carpometacarpal ligament Hand Bursa and Ligament, Right Face Vein, Right Hand Bursa and Ligament, Left Common fibular nerve Peroneal Nerve Carpometacarpal (CMC) joint Metacarpocarpal Joint, Right Common hepatic artery Hepatic Artery Metacarpocarpal Joint, Left Common iliac (subaortic) Lymphatic, Pelvis Cauda equina Lumbar Spinal Cord lymph node Cavernous plexus Head and Neck Sympathetic Nerve Common interosseous artery Ulnar Artery, Right Celiac (solar) plexus Abdominal Sympathetic Nerve Ulnar Artery, Left Celiac ganglion Abdominal Sympathetic Nerve Common peroneal nerve Peroneal Nerve (syn) Celiac lymph node Lymphatic, Aortic Celiac trunk Celiac Artery Central axillary lymph node Lymphatic, Left Axillary Lymphatic, Right Axillary

86 © 2011 OptumInsight