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IF YOU HAVE PROBLEMS READING THIS DOCUMENT, PLEASE CONTACT THE USCIS HISTORY LIBRARY AT [email protected]. IMMIGRATION SERVICE.

ANNUAL REPORT

OF T)1J

SUPEIJNTENDENT OF J{J1IGRATION•

TO THE

SEJRETARY OF THE TREASURY

FOR TilE

FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30 7 1892.

WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, 18.92. TimA SURY DEPART1ENT, Dooiirneiit No. 1569, Office of Superintendent of Immigration.

ANNUAL REPORT or THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION.

TREASURY Dnp.&mmiwr, BUREAU OF IMMIGRATION, * WashiHgton, D. U., Hovember 30, 1892. Sin: I have the honor to submit herewith, for your information the following report: ThIMIGIIAIcTS ARRiVED. 0 i TABLE No. 1.—SHOWING THE NUMBER OE IMMIGRANTS INSPFCTFD AND ADMITTED INTO THE UNITED STATES AT TilE PORTS BELOW, AND THE NUMBER or THE PR0HXIIImD CLASSES DiscoVVRED AND RETURNED TO THE COUNTRIES WHENCE THEY CAME, AS WELL AS THE NurI13ER ADMITTED ON BOND, DURING TEE FiSCAL YEAR ENDING JuNE 30, 1892.

Number admitted. Number returned.

Portof entry.

..* QC fl.. e 0 0 0o o H O P.ii H Baltimore ...... 30, 877 24, 933 55, 870 ...... 30 3 ...... 22 I t 60 2 Boston ...... 17,346 15,006 32,352 3 145 3 21 ...... 89 261 108 iarnstable ...... .... 28 9 37 ...... Brunswick ...... ..... 2 ...... 2 ...... alvestou...... 16 10 26 ...... Gloucester...... 15 9 24 ...... lacksonvillo...... 3 3 6 ...... Key West ...... 3, 322 1, 238 4, 560 4 ...... 4 1 Slobile ...... 5 ...... 5 ...... New Orleans ...... 2,594 1,717 3,711 ...... 2 ...... 1 3 13 New York ...... 283,905 162,082 445,987 4 13 780 72 20 .... 832 508 2, 235 2, 011 New Bedford ...... 200 171 671 ...... Norfolk...... 1 ... 1 ...... Newport News ...... 3 ... 3 ...... I 7 ...... Philadelphia...... 18,752 11,951 30,703 ...... 28 ...... I 2 21 51 ...... Providence ...... 38 10 48 ...... Portland, Me ...... 1, 013 447 1,460 ...... 6 ...... 50 13 69 ...... Portland, Oregon ...... 312 8 320 ...... 26 ...... 20 ...... Port Townsend ...... 164 1 165 ...... Pensacola ...... II 6 17 ...... San Francisco ...... 2,922 723 3,645 ... I .. 2 '... 2 80 ...... 85 ...... San Diego ...... 18 7 25 ...... Cavannah ...... 5 2 7 ...... Wilmington ...... 11 7 18 ...... 80j20 23 80932 Total .... LI686321800576634Hl,002 iis

Non..—Th additiri to the above number returned 831 in contract laborers were returned to eda. REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION.

TABLE No, 2.-SHOWING TBE NATIVITY OF IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED AT THE SEVERA PORTS OF THE UNITED STATES, AS WELL AS THOSE BARRED ARD RETURNR DURiNG THE Fxsc. YEAH ENDING JUNE 30, 1892.

Port. es. ce.1iaand

Baltimore ...... 119 338 - 4 5 29,956 14 8,370 8,532 28 Boston ...... 11,731 7,317 25 1,713 320 13 4,107, 014 7 Barnstable ...... Brunswick ...... Galveston ...... 2 ...... Gloucester ...... 1 ...... Jacksonville ...... Roy West...... 602 ...1 31 13 ...... Mobile ...... 3 ..... New Orleans ...... 3 131 26 83 314 11 6 New York ---- .------.. 34,825 21,682 602 4,716 81, 502 4,127 59,205 28, 003 6.763 New Bedford...... 2 ..... Norfolk ...... 1...... Newport News...... 3 ..... Pl,i1ade1pbi ...... 4,533 3,500 97 613 6,872 165 4,412 3,042 63 Providence...... Portlancl,Me...... 80 302 1 13 116 1 106 43 6 Portland, Oregon ...... 6 ...... Port Townsend ...... 4 ...... Pensacola ...... 1 ...... 1 ...... San Francisco...... 112 303 89 186 27 26 2 13 SanDego ...... 2 ....1 8 ...... Savanntsb ...... 2 ...... Wilmington...... Total ...... 51, 383 34,309 729 7; 177 110, 168 4,678 76, 417 40, 536 6,886 buinberr barred and returned ...... 52 233 4 36 260 22 477 39 11

Swe. Nor. lIe!- Hol- . Portu- Den flun- ort. ta • pam. . den. way. gium. land. gal, mark. gary.

Baltimore ...... 276 55 2 89 22 ...... 271 810 Boston ...... --- ...3,813 911 18 9 27 9 545 165 30 Ba-rentable ...... Brunswick ...... Galveston ...... I...... 3 ...... Gloucester ...... Tacksonville ...... 3 ...... 1 3,796 ..2 Rev West...... 1 ...... Mdbiie ...... 17 7 43 10 2, 720 82 1 6 2 New OrleanO ...... 35, 440 12,195 3,340 5,775 58, 687 165 2,221 9,380 33, 280 New York ...... I ...8 ...... New Bedford...... Norfolk ...... Newport. News ...... 1,838 990 618 251 115 14 5 355- 1, 58 PhiladelphFc ...... 48 ...... Providence ...... 433 130 5 ...... 1 110 1 Portland,Me ...... 1 ...... Portland, Oregon ...... Port Townsend ..... L ...... 7 ... Pensacola ...... 25 33 1 6 50 10 572 19 San Francisco...... 1 ...... 1 1 ..1 .. San Diego ...... 2 ...... Savannah ...... Wilmington ...... Total ...... 41,845 14,325 4,026 6,141 61,631 4,078, 3,400 10,128 35, 624

Number barred and an- . - turned ...... 51 19 15 20 616 2 3 15 155 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION. 5

P .1ILE No. 2.-SroowiNG THE NATIVITY OF IMMIGRANTS ADMITTED AT THE SEVERAL PORTS OF TIlE 1JNJTED STATES, ETc.-Contirnlecl. I - All Aus- ]3ohe- Fin- Arme- Aus- Nor- other oat. reeco. T o a i tria. into-, laud. nm. tralia. key. 001111- trios.

Baltimore ------4,924 1,901 16 ------17 - ...... - 112 55,870 Boston ------140 22 -...... ------7 7 404 32,352 Barnstablo ...... 37 37 Brunswick ...... -- ...... -...... ------2 2 Galveston ...... 26 Gloucester ...... 19 24 lacksonville ...... 6 6 Key West ------.------...... 21 4,500 Mobile ...... ' 1 5 New Orleans ...... 12 ...... 1 15 4 219 3,711 New York ...... 26, 953 6,365 4,917 1,157 18 89 531 4,133 445,987 New Bedford ...... 600 671 Norfolk ...... 1 Newport News ...... 3 Philadelphia ...... 890 4 88 7 36 11 616 30,703 Providence ...... 48 Portland,Mo ...... 1 8 1 ...... 3 1,460 Portland, Oregon ...... 315 320 Port Townsend ...... 161 165 Pensacola ...... 8 17 San Francisco ...... 10 7 13 . ... 247 3 106 1,775 3,645 San Diego ...... 1 9 25 Savannah ...... 3 7 Wilmington ...... 18 34 Total ...... 32, 935 8,278 5,094 1,164 207 . 167 660 8,520 579,663 Number barred and returned ...... 344 15 , 24 8 2 4 164 2,801

TAISLE No. 3.-SHOWING TIlE NUMBER OF IMMIGRANTS DESTINED TO EACH STATE, TEIUUTOiIY, AND THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, DURING. THE FISCAL YEAR ENDJN JUNE 30,189

States au erritories. Number. II Stahas and Territories. I Number.

Alabama ...... 409 Now Hampshire ...... 1,215 Alask-a ...... 4 North Carolina ...... 331. Arizona ...... 225 North Dakota ...... 2,525 Arkansas...... 442 Nebraska ...... 5,768 Connecticut ...... 8, 642 Nevada...... 626 Colorado...... 2, 018 New Jersey ...... 16,665 California ...... 10,936 New Mexico ...... 340 Delaware ...... 754 Now York ...... 242, 668 - District of Columbia...... 861 Ohio...... 15,040 Florida ...... 4,829' Oregon..... T ...... 1,192 Georgia ------...... 390 Oklahoma ...... 6 Indiana...... 3,407 Pennsylvania...... 83,414 Indian Territory ...... 314 Rhode Island ...... 4,385 minois...... 46,012 South Carolina...... 241 Iowa...... 8,066 South Dakota...... 1,666 Idaho...... 343 Tennessee ...... 551 Kentucky...... 1,046 Texas...... 3,097 Kansas ...... 3,552 Utah...... 611 Louisiana ...... 4,002 Vermont ...... ------759 Maine...... 1,111 Virginia ...... 502 Maryland ...... 7,286 West Virginia ...... 985 Michigan...... 14,630 Wisconsin...... 16,066 Missouri...... 5,544 Washington ...... 1,236 Minnosotq ...... 12,740 Wyoming...... 071 p Mississippi ...... 349 Montana...... 1,244 Total... 579,663 Massachusetts...... 39,987 6 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION.

TABLE No. 4.—SuowncG TEE TRADES AND OccUPATIoNs oo' IMMIGRANTS, AS RI' PORTE)) ON ARRIVAL AT PORTS IN T1 UNITED STATES, DURING TEll FISCAL YIIA ENDING JUNE 30, 1892.

Occupation. Number. Occnation. Number.

Architects ...... 99 Maclunists ...... 2,326 Brewers...... 764 Mi]ler ...... 933 Butchers ...... ------.2,723 Miisiemns ...... 754 Barbor8...... 1,121 Painters ...... I 2,079 Bakers ...... 2,506 1'edd1er ...... 2,683 Blacksmiths...... 2,508 Plastortrs ...... 322 Bartenders ...... 392 Porters ...... 299 Bricklayers ...... 1,819 Potters ...... 225 Carpenters ...... 5,201 Printers ...... 802 Cabinetmakers ...... 1,844 1Ssiidlers ...... 733 Confectioners ...... 443 Shoemakers ...... 4,766 Cigar.makers ...... 2,65:1 Spinners ...... 629 Cooks ...... 594 'Inilors ...... I 0,274 Coopers ...... 500 Tannert ...... I 610 Farmers ...... 51,6:10 Tinplate workers ...... 3 .....2134 Titisiniths ...... 071 FloristsGarctnors ------...... 954 I Wagon-smiths ...... 524 Hattere ...... 798 \Veavers...... 2,462 Iron-molders ...... 1003 \\Taitcrs ...... 991 Laborers ...... 171, 483 All other occupations ...... 31,381 Locksn,ith ...... 1,505 No occupation, including women and Laundrymen...... 1 29 children ...... 255,832 Masons ...... 3, 70 Miners ...... 6,906 , Total ...... 579, 063 TABLE 110. 5.-mTEMJc2c'r SI-IOWINU TILE NUMBER, SEX, AND NATIONALITY OF IMMIW1AWTS A1uUv3 IN TIlE 1TNITEI) 1TAT YJIAR ENIBNo JUNE 307 n4034 1883 TO 192, INCLUSiVE. [M. is used to designate "male," F. to dcaignato "fenia1.") 1883. - 1884- - 1885. 1886. - 1887 1888 - 1889. 1819. - 1851 ..182. Countries. I M. F. M. F. M. P. 31. F. M. F......

EUROPE. I

Austria-Rungary . ,,, .

Bohemia...... 2,8>9 2, oS. 4,338 3,901 1,212 , I . . . ,, .. ,,,. 3,140 2,22)) 2,1.04 2, 424 2 12.> 2,20)) 1,918 1, 61)5 1, 4,7 2,3>1- ,151 6,297 o, 4, 48., , C Hungety 8,9;) 2 )11l'J '161 .1, 33 ,l 624 31 ) 1 31011364(1021 45511)99 3801 780 1101 16589 o,47 20881 7 8012118 11, Other Jtus),ria (except Ir .1 ol >11(1) II 8 3 Sb 720 34,, 9,804 4 7 22)) 4 7,973 3,973 , 13 3 6,707 18,018 7 866 13,416 6 71 6 21 0 7 8,555 'l J)6 8 '1 ' (1 1 1) ,.,., -e total 114 8811 24 81121901.1 6901 10 614 19'>4 3126268991) 673 "I 1)64 22 , 890 It >4 101117 16,182 !8,62j 22, 210 ,,) 814 1 5 'Belgium 1,059. 517 1,00 616 84'> 45'> 1 670 881 2 050 1 16 1 639 923 1 719 9 2, 041 916 I) Denmark ...... 6.22$ 4,091 2 1 1 5,509 3,693 3,541 2,55'J 3,875 2,350 5,448 3,076 5,64>) 3,113 9,1)31 3.398 1,7111 3,6111 6.415 4,21)-I 0,210 3,895 Fraico ------..1, 217 1,574 2,291 1,11)) 2.271, 1,124' 2,1614 1,149 3,212 1,822 4,11-1 2,lOo 3,780 2,129 3,861 2,722 4.087 2,68:1 2.871 1, 8>4 (.crin'>ny lit 77881 008 103 6L1 76,013 68 426 9)4 ..,b 01>146 7)8 37 66'> 61 0)7 45 6', 61 57 >9) .)4 11>6 41 (.6 0 323 41 e114 6) 0) I) 1(8 61 271 Gibra1t>r 2 6 3 9 > 11) 8 3 Greece ------...... 81 5. 4 8 D, ...... 58, 15 34 - 1 3 194 18 9 3051 8 - 7681 149 9 4641 60: 1 Italy ...... 28, 217) 3,567 141 1,040 6& 604- 30 12, 624 3, 849 9,828 3,771 15,327; 5,968 37, 389 10, 1431 41,857 9, 218- 17, 921 0,927; 40,717 11, 0821 58,274. 14, 430 47,399 Sar,linia andhicily ..... 5 3 14,2:12 33 4 36 7 13 7 g 4o 1341 352 107 135 69 2, 501- 850 ...... Malt'>...... 1 ...... 1 , ...... ,...... Netlie,rlaiids ...... 6>...... :1, 122' 2,127 2,569 1,629- 1,649 1,010 1,402 822 2,708 1,798 3,48-7 2,358 3,794 2.666. 2,655 1,671 Norway ...... 13, 9,599 > 3,18-F 2,022 , 1,674> 2,907 7991 9,985 6,985> 7,054 5,302 7,890 4,869 tO, 523> 5,746 11,888 6,1376 7,572. 5818: 6,6011 4,769 7.644 4,9241 Poland ...... - 1,465 546, 8, 910j 5,415 3,384 1, 152 2,139 946 2,852 1,087 4, iSO> 1,978 4,113 1,693 3,1911 1,731 7, 6131 3,460- 18 064 Portugal ...... 301 701 9, 433 26, 514> 34,1122 4 .146 411 290 292 148 173 65 40, 14 9, 'd4J 23 109 49 513 405 2,094 1,366 Rouniaui'> ...... 37 40 131 107 354 314 180 1,087 958 683 503- 44" 2601 Russia (except Poland) 257 472, 485...... 5. 476' 3, 710 81 137 3,717 10,103 6, 500 11,207 6, 102 18, 541 10,403, 20, 575 10, 20,0 11,801 Finland ...... 5491 6811 , 21, 097j 12, 050 26, 879. 15. 2661 45, 2581 51, 159 0 1741 539 297 377 178' 348 1411 1,529 293 1,850 381' 1, 3 785 3,747) Spain ...... 205 1, 666 1,534 3 9491 1,545 57 235 04 271 791 261 83 341 95 411 iisl .11( 619: 191 Swedei, 22 916 1 1151 600 215 3,063: 1,015 361; 10 4o9 11,0931 12 491 9 1)7 17 019 10 732 27 359 15,477, 34 7(2 19 936 2 019 1 406.16 5,2 1 11100 21 746 15 134 24 684 17 161 Switierlsud 8,165. 4,586 5,835 3,5521 3 61,0 2 215 2 902 1 903 3 283 1 931 u 04)) 2 69> s 52o 2 o4o 4 406 2 u87 4 275 2 536 4 8,9 2 .c.7 Turkey in Europe ...... 52,341 138 12 110 2S 132f 44 i57 161 40 ' 202 50) 173! . 35, 224 41; 1 ,2481 United Kin"dom: :(j LnglamI 38 18134 969 3') 464 22 -lIJ lliTIl 2.> 28 094 19 266 30 919 18 857 45,9821 26 8>7 50,94 31 635 44 ru 26,958 34 257 22 782 32 297 21,327 21,213 13 686 Scotl',nd 7 007 4 85' 5, 294 '1 76(i o 61 I 3 609 7 o84 4 542 12 131 6,560 1 47.> 8 082 698 Ireland 10 7,5981 6 813 5,208 7,318 o 239 1 266 2,911 ...... 41,49519,9911 31,280 32,0641 25,187 26, 608' 24,425 25,194 35, 449' 32, 921 38, 459 35, 054. 33, 223 32, 334 26, 344 Wxles 26, 680 27,9.36> 27, 770 29, 699 25,684 617 712> 449 384 2661 146 460 263 _±± 2>1 Total ...... 87,670'7422,7i546574859,566 4 942, 63, 542 . 400694775 66>973.305,91.7 Australi'> ...... I ...... All other countries ...... I 1711 90 ...... ---- ...... ' 6,262 2,258 I - EEPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION. The excess of 63,000 immigrants arriving in our country du.ia past year above thearrials for the fiscal year ending June 3p, i; is nearly equal to the Russian-Hebrew immigration that came o at a result of the unfortunate condition of the Hebrews in Bussi.. .Th p3rsecution waged against this race appears to have abated, fog' the past nine mouths the arrivals from Russia have resumed the norm4 figure. The distressed condition of labor throughontEurope tends to incease emigration to America. The number of landings would have increased enormously but for the restrictive features adopted March 3, 1891. Steamship agents report their refusal to sell tickets to 50,000 ap- plicants for emigrant passage. Of the thousands who were deterred from consulting ship agents by reason of the prohibitive features of the law it is not possible to estimate. It is evident that the law has exercised a wholesome and deterrent effect upon immigration. The character of the immigrants arriving during the past year is greatly superior, to that of many previous years. The following table exhibits the 'receipts and expenditures of the immigrant fund daring the fiscal year ending June 30, 1892, and the balances on hand at the close of the fiscal year eiiding June 36, 1892:

ExIontIr A.-STATEMENT SnowING RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES Or THE '1)5241- GRANT FUND" NOR THE FIscAL YEAR ENDNo JUNE 30, 1892, AND THE BALANCE ON HAND JULY 1, 1892.

, Balance June Xpei lIne ejuly Ports. Receipts.

$12. 10 Alaska ------$12.50 ------Astoria ------$9. 50 9.30 Apalachicola ------5.00 ------5.00 Baltimore------...... ----- 76,246.08 27, 504. 36 $13, 404. 40 90,406.04 Boston ...... 18,799.48 16,488.50 8,617.70 26,670.22 Buffalo ...... 38. 00 -...... -... -...... ------.38. 00 Belfast------2. 00 ------2. 00 Barnstable (ProvinCCtOWn) ------176,00 18.50 -...... ------194.50 Brasbacre (Teche) ...... 70.50 ...... 70.50 Brunswick ...... 9. 00 1.00 ...... 10.00 Beufort ...... 240 50 ...... 240. 50 Bridgeport (Fairficld) ...... 12.50 ...... 42.50 Cbsrloston ------...... 16.00 ...... 16.00 Chicago ...... 51. 50 ...... 51. 50 Corpus Christ.i ...... 4. 50 ...... 4 SC Cape Vincent ...... 114.50 ...... 114. SC Detroit ...... 882.00 ...... 382. 00 Delaware ...... 6. 00 ...... 6. OC Duluth ...... 338. 50 ...... 138. SC Edgart'own ...... 5. 50 ...... 5.5 c Ellswortli ...... 50 . 5C F'eruandina ...... 1. 50 ...... 1. 5C Galveston ------...... 145. 44 13.50 ...... 158. 94 Genesee...... 21. 00 ...... 21. 01 Gloucester ...... 121.50 7.00 ...... 128,51 Jacksonville ------...... 71.50 3.00 ...... 74.51 Huron ...... 62i.50 ...... 621.51 Key West ------.... 8,215.40 2,325.00 1,200.00 9,348.41 Marblehead ------...... 12. 00 ...... 12. 01 Mobilo ------...... 23. 00 2.50 ...... 25. 51 Michigan ...... 50.50 ...... 50.51 Mach,as ...... 5. 00 ...... 5. 01 New Orleans ------.... 8,108. 85 2, 029. 51) 684. 12 9,454. 21 Now York ...... 219,675. 70 276, 305. 14 154, 880. 47 341, 094. B Newborn (Pamlico) ...... 2. 00 ...... 2. 01 Now London ...... 2.50 ...... 2. 5( New Bedford ...... 2,107.50 341. 50 ...... 2, 449. 01 New Haven ...... 30. 00 ...... 30. 0( Norfolk...... - 7.50 1.00 ...... 8.51 Newport News ...... 782. 00 1.150 ...... 783. S( Onwegatchie ...... 115.50 ...... 115.51 Oswego ...... 2. 00 ...... 2. 01 Oregon ...... 11. 00 ...... 11. 0( Philadelphia...... 47,247.85 15,652.00 8,84.5.73 54,054. U Providence...... 0416. 00 24.00 ...... 30.01 Portland, M o ...... 3.89 % 1,267.00 ...... 5,157.41 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION.

ExHIBIT A.—STATItMENT SHOWING RECELPTS AND IXPIINDITURES OF TILE "IMMI- GRANT FUND" FOR THE FiscAl Ysi.it ENDING JUNE 30, 1892, ltTC.—Continued.

Ban9uiol ]j. Ports. Receipts.

'ortland, Oregon ...... $130. 00 $286.00 ... $416.00 'ensacols ...... 158.50 14.50 ... 173. 00 'ort Townsend ...... 70. 50 ...... 70. 50 4ichmond ...... 127 50 ...... 127. 50 he Francisco ...... 22,053.40 4,015.50 U, 580.89 24,519.01 n Diego ...... 5. 50 74.00 ...79. 50 it. Augustine ...... 81.00 ...... 31.00 tsvannah ...... 10. 50 5.00 ....15. 50 hiem and Beverly...... 9. 00 ...... 9. 00 luperior ...... 502. 50 ...... 502. 50 il,ieldsboro (Pearl lOves') ...... 20. 50 ...... 20. 50 Camps...... 15. 50 ...... 15.50 Wihuiiigton ...... 10.00 0.50 ....19.50 Willamette ...... 58. 50 ...... 58. 50 411, 050.11 346,459.50 189, 228. 37 568, 281.24 Less amount expended at various nses previous to June 30, 1891, in the enforcement of the alien contract-labor laws, appropriated from the immigrant fund...... 40,717.59 . .. 40,717.59

370, 332. 52 . ... 527, 563.65 Less miscellaneous acoountnot incorporated - in report of the chief of the miscellaneous division for the fiscal year ending June 30 , 1891 ...... 386.46 Less miscellaneous account from July 1, 1891, to June 30, 1892 ...... 31,634.03 Less amount paid to inspectors, transferred to hnmigrant fund Mar. 10 1892------993.12 Refund for improvements ol' Ellis Island------000. 00 Transferred from immigration fund account of improvements of Eflislsland June 30, 1892 ...... 362, 000. 00 444,013. 61 444, 013. 61 Total ...... 370, 332. 52 346,459.50 039,241.98 83,550.04

RECA.PITULATION.

Expenditures.

First Second Third Fourth quarter, quarter, quarter, . quarter, Total, 1891. 1891. 1892. 1892,

MIscellaneous account. 1891 ...... $386. 46 Baltimore, Md ...... -- $2, 066. 96 $3, 182. 38 $3, 123. 28 $5, 031. 78 13, 404. 40 Boston, Mass ...... -.... -- 1,573.41 3,213.33 2,572.35 1,258.67 8,617,75 Key West, Fla ...... 450.00 450.00 300.00 --- 1, 200. 00 New Orleans, La ...... 214, 10 344.15 125.87 . ..684. 12 New York. N. V ...... -- 27, 573. 04 30, 980. 24 43, 660. 00 52,673.19 154, 886, 47 Philadelphia, Pa ...... 2,106. 87 2,111.89 2,289. 26 2,337.71 8, 845. 73 $si, Francisco, Cal ...... 700. 89 889.00 1,589. 89 Miscellaneous account, 1802 ...... 5,246,54 6,365.52 8,681.09 11,240.88 31,634.03 [nimigration inspectors transferred Mar. 10, 1892 ...... 4,036.09 20,957.03 24,093.12 Bofund for isnprovemement of Ellis Is- land ...... ------25, 00000 ... '25, 00000 Transferred from immigration fund for iiiiprov0inent of Ellis Island ...... 362,000.00 362, 000.00 Total...... 39,330.92 46,847.51 90,488.83 456,388.26 1 633, 241.08 10 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION. The act approved March3, 1891, amendatory to the immigration and contract-labor acts, went into effect April 1, 1S91. As a result of this hiw contracts made with the Pennsylvania board of public charities, the State board of lunacy and charity of Massachusetts, the State board of immigration of Maryland, and the commissioners of immigration at Portland, 1Ie, were annulled, and the administration 'of the itninigra- tion laws was assumed directly by the Treasury J)epartrneut, through the Bureau of immigration, which was created by the act of March 3, 1891. The administration of the laws by the Treasury officials, at all the ports in the United States, has constantly grown in favor at the l)epartnient. The service has been farther systematized in charging the collectors of customs with the execution of the immigration laws at all 1)la.ces where commissioners of immigration have not been sta tioned. The imnigrant inspectors, iii such cases, in addition to their regular duties as inspectors, assist the collectors of customs in the execution of the customs laws. The inspectors at Chicago and Pittsburg are the only exceptions to this assigiinieiit. The a]ieii contract-labor law has more fully met the anticipation of its advocates than during kny previous year. Against 123 contract laborers returned to the country whence they caine during the fiscal year closing June 30, 1891, there were returned last year 1,763. Of these 831 were returned to Canada and 932 to Europe. On the organization of this Bureau, July 12, 1891, there were in the district and circuit courts of the United States 184 cases pending for the alleged violation of the alien contract-labor law. These cases had ac- cumulated on the dockets from the passage of the contract law in 1885. Mr. A. J. Lester was appointed to assist the United States district at- torneys in the trial and prosecution of these cases. There have been added cases since that time to the nuinberof 69, making a tota' number of cases of 253. These bases have been disposed of as follows: Judgment in favor of the United States ------..... 151 Judgment against the United Slates ...... 10 Continued oi compromised by order of the court ...... 6 Makin' a total iiumber of cases disposed of ...... 167 Leaving penaing and undisposed of ..... - ...... 86 It is the intention and purpose of the Department to try the remain- ing cases at the earliest possible date. The vigorous prosecution of the alleged violators of the contract-labor laws and the detection and return of the very large number of imported contract laborers during the fiscal year has served, in a large degree, to deter contractors in the United States from further efforts at evading our contract-labor laws. And it is safe to predict that another year of vigorous prosecu- tions of violators at the courts and the detection and return of the laborers at our ports will make imported labor subtantially a thing of the past. Section 3 of the act approved March 3, 1891, seeks to prevent the im- poitation of foreign laborers by means of advertisements. This section provides that- It shall be deemed a violation of said at of February 26, 1885, to assist or encour age the importation or wigration of any alien, by promise of employment, through advertisements, printed and published in any foreign country. Since the passage of this act American advertisers for laborers in foreign countries have ceased offering a promise of employment, but otherwise continue their advertisements as heretofore. If the section shall be amended by striking out the words "by promise of employ- REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION. 11 inent," so that it will read "it shall be deemed a violation, etc., to aid or encourage the importation or migration of any alien, through advertisements, printed or published in any foreign country," the evasion. will be cured and a most valuable section of the statute will be made thoroughly effective. The influx of aliens across our northern and southern borders coli- tiiiues in very large numbers. The last paragraph of section S of the act of March 3, 1891, provides- Tlia the Secretary of the Treasnry may prAcribe ru1es for inspection a1ongi borders of Canada British Columbia, and Mexico so as not to obstruct or unneces- sarily delay, impede, or annoy passengers in ordinary travel between said countries: J'roiidad, That not exceeding one inspector shall be appointed for each customs district and whose salary shall not exceed twelve hundred dollars per year. This clause restricts the Secretary of the Treasury to' narrow limits in prescribing iiistructions for immigration along time southern and noi'tliern borders, sonarrow, indeed, that it has been practically mop- erative. Immigration from Canada to the United States has become to be so considerable that it is worthy the attention of Congress. it is estimated that 60,000 Canaci inns cross our border into the New England States every spring, receiving American wages for their labor, livimig. by the most economical means while here, and returning in the all to their homes to spend in. comfort the very considerable savings from their wages. It may be advisable to èteud the 50-cent head tax to all immigrants coming over our northern and southern borders, and to provide some prohibitive features against these so-called "birds of passage," who make annual incursions into our labor field with no intention of becoming a part of us, but come for,the sole reason of a season's profitable work, wages here being, on an average, 40 per cent higher than in Canada and 100 per cent higher than in Mexico. Labor has been losing ground for thirty years in its conflict with capital in Great Britain and on the Continent, which has resulted in a steadily increasing volui.ne of emigration to this country. While the in- coming tide has fluctuated, each succeeding decade has seen it rise higher than its predecessor until the decade closing with December, 1890, marked the highest number of immigrants landed in our history. At the Present rate of increase this decade will form no exception to the record. The existing immigration law was framed to sift the incomers- to draw a dividing line betweeu the desirable and the undesirable immigrants. The law prohibits the_ landing of all paupers, and of all persons who are likely to become a public charge; all idiots and insane persons; persons suffering froth a loathsome or dangerous con- - tagiojis disease; persons who have been convicted of a felony or misda- mneanor imivolving moral turpitude; polygamists; aiyperson whose ticket or passage is paid for with the money of another, or who is assisted by others to come, unless it is affirmatively and satisfactorily shou-n on special inquirythat such person does not belong to one of the excluded classes; also all contract laborers. The classes here mentioned incinde all the undesirbie elements, as heretofore understood. If a wider signification is to be given to "undesirable immigrants" it. will be necessary to add other classes. I take it that it is not the serious in- temition of the Government to prohibit immigration, but from time to time to prOhibit the people whom experience has demonstrated fail in some important direction in entering beneficially into American citi- zenship. 12 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION. The very large per cent of the foreign-born over the native-born population, in the unfortunate classes of the States having the great immigration ports directs attention to these classes. It appears that the majority of these unfortunates came here without money and without skill as workmen, and in many in stances adversity, such as sickness or inability to secure work, turned the women into the asylums, and the men. after eking out an existence at odd jobs or as tramps, landed disappointed or diseased in the poorhouses orbefore the courts. This is one of the inevitable resultsof an enormous influx of foreigners unacquainted with our language and customs when thrown into the great congested centers of population where labor is already suth3ring from competition. In the struggle for a living the weaker *ent down and became a charge upon the community in some one of the state institutions. Immense numbers of women are landed annually on our shores, and except in the cases of young girls who are, fitted to go out for domestic service theii life here is a trying one. - It were a thousand times better for the alien who falls into misfo- tuiie in this country to have remained at his home, for his trouble here is doubly a burden on both mind and body. Our foreign admirers -need to be disabused of the idea that this country is an Eldorado where the poor live in luxury and the indolent receive enormous wages. It is important for them to learn that the great wages of this country are only secured by skilled workmen, and that the alien unacquainted with our language and habits is at a serious disadvantage evenS under the most favOrable circumstances. Sixteeu per cent of our immigrants can neither read nor write in their own language. This becomes an additional burden in the strug - gle of this class for a maintenance and becomes in many ways an added burden on the state. Ignorance is a tax. Our immigrants who are ignorant and unable to provide for themselves in the event of any mitfortime overtaking them have developed a new, undesirable class. It may be more difficult to single out this class than those now dealt with by the law; but the time has come when the benefit of any doubt in immigration matters should be given to this country. The necessity of a rudimentary education on the part of the immigrant, and that he shall be able to take care of himself for a reasonable length of time after arriving in this country, is now apparent. It appears by the statement of the Supervising Surgeon-General of the l\larine-iospital Service that Qur country is in serious danger of the importation of cholera next year by arriving immigrants. This would prove doubly calamitous on account of the World's Columbian Exposition. Peeling it is the duty of this Bureau to recognize this threatened danger, I recommend that immigration be suspended for one year from March 1, 1893. -

IMMIGRATION FROM CHINA. This Bureau has not been charged with the execution of the Chinese exclusion act. Since the passage of this act, which went into effect August 6, 1882, it is estimated that 5,000 Chinese have reached this country. From 1870 to 1880 this immigration amounted to 123,201, and from 1881 to August 6, 1882, it amounted to 154,469. REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION. 13

IMMIGRATION PROM JAPiN. Japan guards the emigration of her people with jealous care. Se- vere local exactions are placed upon all emigrants, and whenever it is understood that the entrance of a citizen of Japan into a foreign country meets with disfavor the authorities refuse to permit emigration to that country. Our restrictive legislation against China has effected Japan, and while there has been a tendency on the part of the Chinese to emigrate to America, the number of Japanese that have come to us is comparatively few. There was 1 arrival from Japan in 1861; 7 others came in 1866; 67 in 1867; 14 in 1868; 96 in 1869; and 33 in 1870, or a total of Japanese immigration of 218 in ten years. - In the following decade there were 149 arrivals. From 1881 to 1890 the nurnbr of arrivals rose to 2,270. Of this total of 2,637 . only 279 were females. During the two years ending June 30, 1892, the number of immigrants from Japan was 2,634. It will thus be seen that the total immigration from Japan for 31 years has aggregated 5,271. Duri]lg this time many of these have returned and some are deceased. It is estimated that the present number of Japanese in the United States is 3,500.

THE FLUCTUATION OF IMMIGRATION. Daring the winter months we receive an average of 300 immigrants per day, but the winter months of 1890 and 1891 recorded landings at the rate of 1 1000 per day, which indicates an usual- immigration for this decade. Immigration comes in tidal waves. It will recede for a time and then rise again. Each decade, with the exception of the war period, each returning tide reached higher than its predecessor. The ten years closing December 31, 1890, shows a marked increase. Unless Congress shall increase the prohibited classes, the ten years closing December 31, 1900, will record the largest immigration in our history. The following table shows the number of immigrants arriving, by decades:

Number From— To— arrived.

1820 1830 128,393 1830 1840 539,391 1840 1850 1,423,337 1850 1860 2,799,423 1860 1870 1,964,061 1870 1880 2,834,040 1880 1890 5,246,613

It appears that one-third of the total immigration into this country since 1820 arrived in the decade of 1880 to 1890. This estnnate does not include arrivals from Mexico and Canada. The regulations of the immigration service have not provided for the registration of arrivals from foreign continguous territory. 14 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION. The 5,246,613 arrivalol, during the decade of 1880 to 1890, has been from the respective countries mentioned and in iiumbers as follows: Cmany------1,452,970 Denmark ...... 88, 132 England ...... 657, 488 Switzerland ...... 81, 988 Ireland ...... 655, 482 China ...... 61, 711 565, 3621 Netherlands ...... 53, 701 Sweden and Norway ...... Austria-Bungai-y ...... 353, 719 France ...... 50, 464 Italy- ...... 307, 309 Belgium ..... ------20, 177 Russia and Poland ------265,088 All others------480, 153 Scotland ...... 149, 869 - The volume of immigration into the United States during the year ending Jlule 30, 1892, was larger than during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891. This increase does not appear to average among the leading nations. The immigration from Ireland in 1891 was 52,549; this year it is 51,383. From England, in 1891 it was 57,284; this year it is 34,309. From Sweden, in 180t, 36,367; this year it is 41,845. From Italy, in 1891 it was 73,896; this year it is 31,631. From Hun- gary, in 1891, 277155; this year it is 35,724. From. Austria, in 1891 it was 33,674; this year it is 32,935. From Germany, in 1891 it was 107,727; this year it is 119,168. From Russia, in 1891 it was 43,508; this year it is 76,417. From Poland, in 1891 it was 26,907; this year it is 402 536. It appears that Irelaid, Sweden, and Austria sent us in 1892 nearly their invoice of 1891, while Russia and Germany have made a considerable increase—Russia sending us 32,009 more than in .1891. There 'has been a steady increase in the past ten :iears in the number of immigrants coming from Italy, Austria, Hungary, and Russia. There has been, at the same time, a gradual decrease from Germany and Switzerland, while the inflow from England, Ireland, Scotland, Sweden, Norway, Deimark, France, and Belgium has been steady, with an aggregate average above the preceding tell years. ThUIIIGRATION BY FAMILIES. The immigration from Ireland, England, Germany, Sweden, Norway' and Scotland, indicates that their families keep together. The per cent of males and females is almost equal from these countries. Fifty- one per cent of the immigration from Ireland was of males, and 49 per cent was of females. The actual number was 334,229 males, and 321,25:3 females. The reñiainin g countries mentioned brought us 58 per cent of males and 42 per ceit of females. Hungary and Italy disclose the greatest disparity in the sexes. From Hungary there was of males 04,243, or 73.8 per cent, and 33,438 was of females, or 26.2 per cent. Italy sent us 243,923, or 79.4 per cent males, and 63,386, or 20.6 per cent females. In the following table will apiear more fully the number of per cent of immigrants of each sex, from the leading countries of Euiope, arriving from 1881 to 1889, inclusive:

- Percent Percent Country from which arrived. Males, males of Fomales. females Total. total. of total.

Germany ------836, 290 57.6 616,680 42.4 1,452, 970 Ireland ...... - 834, 229 51.0 321,253 49.0 655,482 England ...... 395, 273 61.3 249,407 88.7 644,680 Sweden and Norway ------346, 862 61.0 221, 500 39.0 568,362 Itally ...... 243, 923 79,4 63, 386 56.0 307,309 Russia, including Poland ...... 174, 481 65.8 90, 607 34.2 265,088 Austri'e...... 142, 221 62.9 83,817 37.1 226,038 Eungary ...... 94, 243 73.8 33,438 26. 2'- 127,681 Scotl'and ...... 92, 252 61.6 57,617 38.4 149,869 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION. 15

AGES OF IMMIGRANTS. The comparisons of ages and percentage of the same in the immigration from the leading countries of Europe appear in the following table:

NUIIBEE OF IMMIGRANTS UNDER 15 YEARS, BETWEEN 15 AND 40 YEARS, AND OVER 40 YEARS WITH THE PERCENTAGE or To3'. NUMBER ARRIVED FROM THE BE- LOW-NAMED' COUNTRIES DURING 10 YEARS, FROM 1881 TO 1890, INCLUSIVE.

Country from which arrived. Under 15 years. From 15 to 40 Over 40 years. Total.

Nun,-bcr. Per Ct. Number. Per Ct, Number. Per ct Number. Germa113 ...... 386, 934 26.61 904,002 62.2 162,034 18.2 1, 452, 970 [relaud ...... 92, 808 34.1 515,089 78.6 48,085 7.3 655,482 Euglaiid ...... 151,315 23. 5 420,303 65.2 73,062 11.3 644,680 4wsdon and Norway ...... 104, 254 18.3 414,609 73.0 49,499 8.7 568,362 [talv ...... 47, 063 15.3 212,475 69.2 47,771 15.5 307,309 hussia ...... 65,427 24.7 174,754 65.9 24,907 9.4 265,088 Auutria ...... 50, 020 22.1 I 149,909 66.3 26,109 11.6 226,038 Srutland ...... 36, 152 24.2 07, 830 65.2 15,858 10.6 149,869 u.tuigary ...... 18, 785 14.7 95, 635 74.9 13,261 10.4 127, 681

OCCUPATIONS REPRESENTED IN OUR IMMIGRATION. The occupation of our immigrants is a matter of primary importance. it is estimated that every immigrant arriving in this country 21 years of age, possessed of a common school education and a skilled employment, is worth onetliousand five hundred dollars to the country. His economic value to the State is regulated by his social value. TI he builds into the social fabric readily, and becomes Americanized, economic and thrifty, the estimate is a conservative one. Otherwise be sinks in the scale of value until his presence is a tax. Of the 579,663 immigrants landed this year 62,371 were skilled arti- sans. The leading occupations were: Blacksmiths, 2,508; bakers, 2,506; butchers, 2,723; architects, 99; carpenters, 5,201; cigar-makers, 2,653; tailors, 9,274; shoemakers, 4,766; painters, 2,079; musicians, .751; lllflSO135 37709. It appears that skilled occupations make up a very small prdportion of the total immigration. They, in fact, represent but 9 per cent of the whole number of immigrants. The immigrants without occupations are registered as laborers. Those placed in the list of "all other occupations) are in skilled employment of some character.

CI.ASSE/OT OCCUPATIONS ARRIVING IN THIS COUNTRY, 1881 TO 1890, INCLUSIVE.

Classes of occupations. Malc. Females. Total.

Professioa1 ...... 25, 257 1,749 27,006 Skilled ...... 514,. 552 25, 859 540,411 Miscellaneous ...... ,833,325 245,810 2,079,135 Not stated ...... 73, 327 42,830 116,157 Without occupation ...... 759, 450 1,724,454 2,488, 904 Total ...... 3,205.911 2,040,702 5,246,613

It w-ill be observed in this table that "miscellaneous occupations" constitute 39.63 per cent of the total arrivals. This class includes in the order of their number, laborers, farmers, servants, and merchants (in most instances peddlers). 16 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION. Commenting on this table, the Chief of the Bureau of Statistics says: The class, miscellaneous occupations, constitutes 39.63 per cent of the total arrivals, and this class includes in the order of their number, laborers, farmers, servants, and merchants. Much the larger class, and which represents 47.34per cent of all, is made up of. those who have no occupations. If to this are added those who do not state their occupations there is a total of 2,600,061, or 49.56 per cent of the whole. It' will be seen, however, that of this total 2,600,061, apparently without occupation, 1,767,284 were females, and 537,007 were uncIer 15 years of age. There weze 832,777 males who had no occupation, or none stated; and of those 579,715 were under 15 years of age, 253,062 representing males over 15 years of age who have no occupations, or a yearly average of 25,306, who areunskilled and untrained in any avocation, and are probably unprepared to contribute much of ihdustry, experience, or ability to the welfare of the community of which they become a part. The great proportion of immigration has come from Europe, and up to 1860 56 per cent of it came from England and Irelaid. In 1860 the great flow of pOpulation commenced from Germany arid widened in sweep over the continent, taking in Norwa and Sweden, Russia, Austria- Hungary, Italy, and Poland, and every principality on the continent. Our fbreign-born population from 1820 to 1892 is distributed among the leading nationalities as follows: Germany ...... 4,731,023 Ire] and------3 ) 595,006 Bug] and ------2, 501,973 Norway and Swedeii ------...... 1,031, 507 Austria and Hungary ------563, 976 Italy------23, 995 francc------376, 126 Russia and Poland ...... ------512, 260 Scotland------338 652 Switzerland ------184, 470 Denmark------162, 852 Every kindred tongue and tribe appears to have contributed to the population of the TTnited States. How tl:iese. diverse and antagonistic people have been so completely assinii]ated into one uatioiIal type, and unified into one understanding of the powers of the Government and the rights of the people, will probably in the future be regarded as a greater marvel than the material development of our country. In his report, prepared a year since with painstaking care, the Chief of the lureau of Statistics enumerates that- During the twenty-two years from 1869 to 1890, inclusive, Europe has furnished to this great tide of imnigration 7,627,233; Asia, 220,977 Afriôa, 769; Amrica, 296,668; islands of the Atlantic, 26,729; islands of the Pacife, 23,524; and all other countries, 2,875. Europe includes 29 nationalities and principalities, or parts of same, viz: Austria, Bohemia, Hungary, Belgium, l)enmark. France, Germany, Gibraltar, Vngland, Scotland, Ireland, Wales, other parts of Great Britain, Greece, Italy, Sicily, Sat- thnia, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Roumania, Russia,Fin]and, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and Turkey in Europe. Asia includes Arabia, Armenia, China, India, Japan, Persia, Turkey in Asia, Asia not spe9ified. America includes British North American Provinces, Mexico, British Honduras, Central American States, Argentine Republic, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guiana, Peru, Venezuela, South America, not specified, Antigua, Bahamas, Barba- dos, Cuba, Curaao, Haiti, .Jamaica, Puerto Rico, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Trinidad, and Other West Indies. Africa includes Algeria, Egypt, Liberia, and South Africa. Islands of the Atlantic include The Azores, Bermuda, Cape Verde, and others. Islands of the Pacific include Australia, Hawaiian Islands, New Zealand, and others. Of the countries of Asia, Arabia has furnished 643 immigrants; Armenia, 981; China, 213.526; India, 459; Japan, 2,530; Persia, 48; Turkey in Asia, 2,289; other parts of Asia, 501. Africa has furnished the least of all, and only 769 from the whole continent. South America has sent 3592. REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDEI1T OF IMMIGRATION. 17

The islands of the Atlantic have sent 26,729-these include the Azores, 15,179; Bermuda, 768; Cape Verde, 549; ether islands, 233; and the islands of the Pacific, 23,524-these include Australia, 16,872 Hawaiian Islands,'6,333; New Zealand, 67 others of the Pacific, 251. Greenland, [celand, and the Faroe Islands sent] ,485, an there have been born at sea 1,273. From the discovery of the country down to 1783, the close of the war of the Revolution, is our cotonization period. •We count immigration as beginning at that date (1783), and up to 1820 250,000 fOreigners came to America. The following statement shows the number of alien passengers ar - rived in the United States each year from 1820 to 1892, and the number of immigrants arrived from 1856 to 1892:

Allen Alien Ininfl- Period. passen. Period. passen- arrived, arrived.

ending September 80- Year ending Dec. 31-Continued. 1820 ...... 8, 385 1854 ------427, 833 ...... 821 ...... 9,127 8855 ...... 200,877 ...... 1822 ...... 6,911 1856 ...... 200,486 195,857 1823...... 6,854 1857 ...... 251, 306 246,949 1824 ...... 7,912 1858 ...... 123,126 119,501 1825 ...... 10,199 ...... 323,232 138,616 1826 ...... 10,837 1860 ...... 853,040 150,237 1827 ...... 18,875 1861 ...... 91,018 89,724 1828 ...... 27, 382 1862 ...... 91, 985 897 007 1829 ------.22,520 1863 ...... 176. 282 174,524 1830 ...... 23, 522 1864 ...... 193, 418 193,195 1831 ...... 22, 633 3885 ...... 248,120 247, 453 1832...... 53,179 1866 ...... 338,568 314,917 tee ending December 31- 1867 ...... 315, 722 310,965 1832 ...... 7,303 January 1 to June 30- eliding December 31- 1868 ...... 142, 023 138. 840 3833...... 58, 640 Year endthg ,Tune 30- 1834 ...... 65,365 1869 ...... 363,074 3.52,768 1835 ...... 45, 374 3870 ...... 402, 920 387,203 1824 ...... 76,242 1871 ...... I2,609 321,350 1837 ...... 70,340 1872 ...... 422,978 404,806 3838 ...... 18,914 1873 ...... 473, 141 459,803 1839 ...... 68, 069 1874 ...... 127, 949 313,339 1840 ...... 84,066 1875 ...... 244,632 227.408 1841...... 80. 280 1876 ...... 180, 091 169,986 1842...... 104,565 1877 ...... 165,019 141,857 ary ito September 30- 1878 ...... 157, 776 338,469 1843 ...... 52,496 1879 ...... 307,954 177,826 ending September 30- 1880 ...... 484, 196 457,257 1844 ...... 78,615 1881 ...... 695,163 660,431 1845 ...... 114,371 1882 ...... 816,272 788,902 1846 ...... 154,416 1880 ...... 645,232 603,322 1847 ...... 234, 968 1884 ...... 560, 563 518,552 1848 ...... 226, 527 3885 ...... 437, 758 , 195, 346 1849 ...... 297,024 1886 ...... 357, 923 334,203 1850 ...... 310, 004 1887 ...... 513, 038 490,109 tee ending December 31- 1888 ...... 567, 510 546,889 1850 ...... 59,976 3889 ...... 465,272 444,427 onding December 31- 1890 ...... 476, 425 455,302 1851 ...... 379, 466 3801 ...... ,3 1852 ...... 871,603 1802 ...... ------. 579,773 1853...... 368,645

The number of alien passengers arrived in the United States from 1820 to 1855, inclusive, was 4,212,624, and the number of immigrants arrived from 1856 to 1892, inclusive, was 12,284,47". It has been estimated that prior to 1856 about 98 per cent of the total alien arrivals w re of immigrants. Deducting 2 per cent for sojourners from the lien passengers arrived in the United States between 1820 and 1855, id adding the estimated number of immigrants who arrived prior to ;20, we have a total of immigrants arrived in the United States from, ic close of the Revolutionary war to June 30, 1892, c'f about 16,662,916.

10804 mi-2 1 .

18 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION. The distribution of popu'ation by sex and general. nativity in 1890 by States and Territories, and for the United States as a whole, under the Eleventh Census, is given as follows: Aggregate population...... 62, 622, 250 Males...... 32.007,880 Females ...... 30, 554,370 Nativehorn ...... 53, 372. 703 Foreign born ...... 9,249, 547

Sex. Native and foreign born. States and Toiriteries. Total pop Male. I Female. j Native. I Foreign. The United States ...... 62, 622, 250 32,067,850 30, 554,370 ' 53, 372, 703 1 9,249,547 North Atlantic division ...... 17, 401, 545 8,677, 798 8,721, 747 13, 513, 368 3,888,177 Maine...... 661,086 332,590 328,496 ' 5821125 78,961 New Hampshire ...... 376, 530 186,666 189,964 304,190 72,340 Vermont ...... 332, 422 169,327 163,095 288,384 44, 086 Massachusetts ...... 2, 238, 043 3,087, 709 1,151,234 i 1,581,806 657,117 Rhode Island ...... 345, 506 168, 025 177,481 . 239,201 106, 46 Connecticut ...... 746, 258 369, 578 378.720 562,657 183,601 New York ...... 5,997,853 2,976,893 3,020,960 4,428,603 1,571,050 Now Jersey ...... 1.444, 933 720,819 724,114 1,115,958 328,975 Pennsylvania ...... 6,258,014 2,666,331 2,591,683 4,412, 294 845,720 South Atlantic division ...... 8,857,920 4,418, 769 4,439,151 8,649,305 208,525 Delaware ...... 168,493 85, 571 82,920 155,432 11, 161 Maryland ...... 1042,390 515,691 526,099 1 948,094 94, 298 District of Columbia ...... 230, 492 109,584 320, 608 211,622 18,770 Virginia...... 1, 655. 980 824,278 831,702 1 1,637.606 18,374 West Virginia...... 762,794 390,285 372,509 743. 911 18,683 i4orth Carolina...... ------.1, 617, 947 799,149 818,798 1,614,245 3,702 South Carolina ...... 1,351,149 572,837 578,812 1 1,144, 879 0,270 Georgia ...... 1,837,353 9)9,925 917,428 1,825,216 32,137 FIoria...... 391,422 201,947 189,475 368,490 221 932 North Central division 22, 362, 279 11,594,910' 19, 767, 369 18, 302, 365 4,060,114 Ohio 3,672,316 1,855,736 1, 816,580 8,213.023 459,293 Indiana 2,192,404 1,118,347 1,074,057 2,046,199 346,205 Illinois...... 3,826,351 1,972,308 1, 854, 043 2,984,004 842, 347 Michigan ...... 2,093,883 1,091,780 1,002, 300 1,550,009 543,880 Wisconsin ...... 1,086,080 874,951 811,929 1,167, 681 519,199 Minnesota ...... 1,301,826 695,321 606,505 834,470 467,356 Iowa...... 1,911,096 994,453 917,443 1,587,827 324,069 Missouri ...... 2,679, 164 1,385,238 1,297,946 2,444,315 234,869 North Dakota...... 182,719 101,590 81, 129 101,258 81,461 South Dakota ...... 328,808 180,250 148,558 237,753 91,055 Icebraska ...... 1,058,9)0 572,824 486,086 856,368 202,642 Kansas...... 1,427, 096 752,112 074,984 1,279,258 147,838 South Central divieion ...... 10, 972, 893 I 5, 591 877 5,3791 016 10,651,072 323,821 Kentucky ...... 1,858, 635 i 942,758 915,877 1,799,279 59,356 Tennessee...... 1,767,518 . 891,585 875,933 1,747.489 23,020 Alabama ...... 3,513,017 757,456 755, 561 1,498, 240 14,777 Mississippi...... 1, 289, 600 649,687 639, 913 281. 648 1 7,952 Louisiana ...... 1, 118, 587 559, 350 551,257 3,068,840 49,747 Texas...... 2,235,523 1,372,553 1 1 062 970 082.567 152,956 Oklahoma ...... 61,834 34,733 27, 101 59,094 2,740 Arkansae ...... 1, 128, 179 585, 755 542,424 1,113,935 14,264 Western division...... 3,027, 613 1,782,526 1,245,087 2,256,703 770, P'8 Montana ...... 132,159 87,882 44,277 89.063 43.096 Wyoming...... 60,705 39,343 21,362 45.792 14,913 Colorado...... 412.198 245,247 1661 951 328,208 1 83. 990 Now Mexico ...... 153, 593 i 81,055 70,538 142,314 11,259 Arizona...... 59,620 t 36,871 23,049 40,825 , 18.705 Utah...... 207,905 1 310,463 97,442 154,841 53.064 Novada...... 45,761 1 29,214 16.547 31,055 14,700 Idaho...... 84,385 51,290 33,095 66; 929 17, 450 Washington ...... 349,390 217,562 131,828 259,385 90, 005 Oregon...... 313,767 181,840 131,927 250. 450 57,317 Ca1ifouia ...... 1,208,180 700,059 508,071 841,821 366,309 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION 19

R:EcAPITULATION BY GEOGRAPHICAL DIVISIONS.

Sex. I Native and foreign Total pop- born. ulation. Male. Female. Native. Foreign,

The United States...... 62,622250 82,067,880 30554,870 53872,703 9,249,547 North Atlantic division...... 17,401,545 8,677,708 8,723,747 13, 513, 368 3,888,177 South Atlantic division ...... 8,857,920 4,418,769 4,439,151 8,049,895 208,525 North Central division ...... 22, 362, 279 11,594,910 10, 767, 869 18,102,165 4,060,114 South Central division ...... 10,972, 893 5,693,877 5, 379,016 10, 651, 072 321,821 Western divieion...... 3,027,613 1,782, 620 I 1,245,087 2,506,703 770,910 - Analyzing briefly the results for the United States as a whole we find that out of a total population returned in 1890, 85.44 per cent are native and 14.56 per cent are foreign. In 1880, 86.92 per cent of the total population were returned as native and 13.08 per cent as foreign. THE QUESTION OF ILLITERACY. The advocates of more stringent immigration laws seek to 'aise the character of our immigration; and not to cut down the numbers simply. It has been proposed to add an educational test to the present laws. An educational test of an immigrant, if it is confined to the rudimentary. branches, is not un-American, for the public schOol is the most American institution we have, and an educational test ought to be the most American test. To ascertain the possible workings of the educational test, questions touching illiteracy were prepared for each of the immigrant stations, and a record has been kept accordingly, but the data obtained to this (late is not sufficient for service here, and I present for the time the table of illiteracy in Europe. ILLITEhACY IN EUROPE.

I . Per capita of oxpendi. Year.: Name of country. Ratio. tures of the entire population.

1887 Saxony ...... 0.2 per cent of the army racruits...... $2. 28 3887 wurtemberg...... 0.2 per cent of the army recruits...... 1.67 1887 Bavari ...... 0.4 per cent. of the army recruits ...... 1887 Prussia...... 0.6 per cent of the army recruits...... 1. 80 1887 Demnark ...... , ...... 1. 54 Sweden— 61 1887 • Lossthaulporcentof the army recruits...... 1887 Fth1an (province of ...... Russia). 1887 Switzerland ...... 2.5 per cent of the population above 10 years of ago 1.84 1888 England and Wales 9 per cent of the population above 10 years of ago ti. 24 1888 Scotland ...... 7 per cent of the population abovo 10 years of age 1.24 1886 The Netherlands ...... 10 per cent of the population above 10 years of ego 1.58 1886 France ...... 11 per cent of the population above 10 years of age 1.34 1886 Belgium ...... 15 per cent of the population above 10 years of age 1.60 1886 Ireland ...... 21 per cent of the population above 10 years of age 01.24 1886 Austria...... 39 per coot of the population above 10 years of age .22 1Q86 hungary ...... 43 per cent of the population above 10 years of age .42 1886 Greece ...... 45 per cent of the population above 10 years of ago .53 1860 Italy: 'upper ...... 40 per cent of the population above 0 years of age...... 77 Lower ...... 72 per cent of the population above 6 years of age...... 1686 I Spain ...... 63 per cent of the population ...... 33 . 1886 ' Ruesia. ...... 80 per cent of the population ...... 15 1886 Sorvia ...... 80 per cent of the population ...... *, 23 1886 Roumania ...... 82 per cent of the population ...... *, 41 1886 Portugal ...... 82 per cent of the population ...... *, 23 1886 ]3ulgari ...... 85 per cent of the population ...... 16 1880 Turkey ...... No data available ...... *• 08 1888 United States ...... 8 per cent (estimated) ...... 2. 12

°Stat.e only. (In 1827,53 per cent; 3831, 48 per cent; 1848,32 tin Unit.e Kingdom. per cent; 1800, 30 per cent; 1870, 19 per cent; For common schools only. 1880, 14 per cent; 1886, 11 per cent. 20 , REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OP. IMMIGRATION., The census of illiteracy is made to begin at the age of 16 in the in- uiry at the immigrant stations in order to be in accord with the pre- vailing sentiment on this question, as evidenced by the immigratioii bills introduced into Congress having an educitioua1-test clause. Itis conceded that less than 3 per cent of persons unable to read and write at the age of 16 ever after acquire this education. The alien who has never acquired the primary steps to an education is likely to acquire our language with difficulty, and will not assimilate readily with our customs 'and manners. Any large number of these people arriving in our country are disposed to congregate together, and their eliviron- ment forces them into an intimacy begotten by their isolation, out of which grows a tendency of adherence to their native language and institutions, which renders their little settlement in the city in which they live a section of their native country on our shores. This an- tagonism of race and institutions, fed by their ignorance and isolation, makes these sections plague spots in our great cities. If they continue to grow, half a century from now may discover them an element in our centers of population so antagonistic to American life, so inimiral to everything contrary to the ideas of their old lands, and so sullen in their obedience to our customs, that they will become menace to out country. It is even now a question if the life, the ideas, and all tbose things we comprehend when we say "Ameriin" are not undergoing an unappreciable change because of a foreign in- vaion, and that half a century from now the principles framed by the fathers will be materially and mischievously changed. The restoration of im]mgratlon to the class that formerly sought our shores will relieve us of the unfortunate classes that have come upon us these latter years. The legislation of Congress is moving in the direction of restricting the idle and thriftless and ignorant, and those who come in a spirit of reckless adventure, or solely because wages are higher here than at their hdmes. The indications now are that in a short time the country will be restored to that character of immigration which in former years contributed so greatly to the foundations of new States, the opening of new farms, the rearing of cities, the workmanship and genius of splendid enterprises, educational and moral advancement, the multiplication of homes, and the advancement and endearment of the principles dis- tinctively American. Without the immigrant America could not have wrought out her great achievements in the past. No immigrant ought to seek our shores who is not able and willing to see to it that the new couitry's lustrum of achievements will be continued.

PAUPERSIN ALN SrIOusEs:lNi1890. The following tables from the census bulletins on paupers in almshouses in 1890 and convicts in the penitentiaries in 1890 are presented,. in view of the apparent need of extending the prohibited classet. The tables herewith submitted show the total number of paupers in almshouses to be 73,045. The number reported in 1880 was 66,203. The population of the United States in 1880 was 50,155,783. The ratio of alinshouse paupers to the total population at that thne, therefore, was 1 to 758, or 1,320 to the million. The population is 1890 was 62,6222250. The present ratio, therefore, is 1 to 857, or 1,166 to the million. REPORT OF TIlE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION. 21

SUMMARY, ]3YGJIOUPS, OF ALMsH0UsE PAUPERS IN TI UNITED STATES IN 1890.

Wlnte.

Native. Geographical di- Col- Foreign red Total. Total. 1 I khown. I - I States ..... I 73, 04-5 66, 578 16, 656 23,519 949 3,580 10,608 27. 648 2,274 a6, 467 North Atlantic...... 81, 143 tO, 180 15, 251 0,414 483 1 2,017 8,337 14,330 599 1 5963 South Atlantic .... 8,100 5,286 4,498 3.703 64 104 627 705 83 t2.814 North Central .....1 25, 615 24. 614 13, 062 5,795 304 1,215 5,748 10,265 1,007 d981 South Central ...... 5. 049 3, 406 2, 655 1, 892 39 88 686 500 251 ci, 643 Western ...... 3,188 3,072 i290 715 59 206 210 1,848 34 f66

alncludes 36 Indiana and13 Chinese. dlncliules 14 Indians. ii Includes 10 Indians audi Chinese. elncludes I Indian. Includes 3 Indians. f Includes 8 Indians and 12 Chinese.

SUMMARY, ny GRouPs, o DISTRIBUTION OF MALE PAUPERS IN ALaISI0sEs IN 1890.

White. Negroes.

Native. - - Geographical di- Ag o- j;t;: g )oth oreign Pure. Mixed. Parcnt,J Father Mother Parental paren a nOM'U. native, native, foreign. native, 1111- known.

The United States ...... 40, 741 31-; 123 187 351 2,176 5,538 16,938 1,074 3,016 a338 Nerth Atlantic ..... 36,898 5,180 88 180 1,199 1,731 7,775 283 401 556 South Atlantic ...... 3 873 3,534 0 30 62 316 445 . 43 1,331 103 North Central ...... 14, 832 5,010 61 105 703 3, 633 6,711 600 485 c64 South Central...... 2,381 .741 4 9 24 275 351 116 708 d93 Western ...... 2, 762 658 25 27 188 18.3 1,596 32 31 e22

a Incindos 16 Indians and 12 Chinese. d Includes 1 Indian. b Includes 5 Indians and 1 Chinese. e Includes 5 Indians and Ii Chinese. clncludes5lndians.

Sul-IMARY, BY GRoups, OF DISTRIBUTION OF FEMALE PAuPlcRs is ALMSROUSES IN 1890.

White. Negroes.

Native. Geographical di' Aggre. One or Nativ- visions, gate. Foreign- Mixed both born. itv un- Pure. Perents Father ot,her Parentj parents known. native, native. native. foreign. unknown.

The Unit-ed 0 States ...... 32,304 30,396 146 265 1,404 5,070 10,710 1,200 2,737 076 North Atlantic 14, 250 4, 234 81 134 818 1,606 6,5551 316 425 b81 South Atlantic...... 4,227 2,169 5 20 42 ' 311 260 I 40 1,248 c132 North Central ...... 10, 783 2,785 49 89 512 2,715 3,494 707 361 471 South Central ...... 2, 668 1,151 8 18 14 411 149 I 135 / 698 84 Western ...... 376 57 3 4, 18 27 252 2

a Includes 20 Indians and I Chinese. 4 Includes 9 Indians. b Includes 5 Indians. e Includes 3 Indians and 1 Chinese c includes 3 Indians.

22 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION.

SUMMARY, By GRoups, oi C0MPM1IsON OF PAUI'EES iw ALTis11ousE.s IN 1890 AND 188

- 1890. 1880. Increase. Decrease. ,Geograhica] di- vsoa• Population. Ratio. Population. Ratio.

The United Stares ...... 62, 622,250 73,045 1,166 50, 855, 783 66,203 1,320 6,842 ...... 154 L4'orth Atlantic 17,401,545 81, 143 1,790 14,507,407 33, 913 2,339 ...... 2,790 549 South Atlantic...... 8,857,920 8,100 914 7,597,107 6,975 918 1,125 ...... 4 t64rth Central ...... 22,362,279 25,615 1,145 17,364,111 19,811 1,141 5,804 4 ...... South Central...... 10,972,883 5,049 460 8,919,371 3,676 412 1,373 48 ...... Western...... 3,027, 613 3,138 1,036 1,767,697 1,808 1, 023 1,330 13 ......

TABLE I.-ALMSI3OUSE PAUPERS IN TIlE UNITED STATES IN 1890, BY STATES AND TERICJTORIES.

White.

Native.

States and Tern. Ag e. . Col. tories. gate. orod. Total. Fn Total. t?pent?5 known.

The United States ...... 73, 045 66,578 36,056 21,519 049 3, 580 510, 608 27,648 2,274 cO 467 North Atlantic division ...... 31, 143 30,180 15,251 9,414 483 2'017 3, 337 14,330 1 599 d965 Maine ...... 1,161 1,156 919 770 29 38 62 221 16 5 Newliasnpshire 1,143 1,125 858 528 8 68 254 208 59 elS Vermont ...... 543 530 4119 808 20 20 71 100 11 13 Massachusetts 4,72S 4,648 2,442 1,547 88 410 397 2,141 63 /79 Rhode island 490 461 286 156 6 30 94 164 11 29 Connecticut 1,438 1,879 659 447 10 103 99 600 60 /59 New York ...... 10, 272 10,047 4,249 2,598 142 631 878 5,595 203 g225 Now Jersey ..., 2,718 2,578 1,283 660 65 306 252 1,269 26 140 Pennsylvania. - 8,653 8, 258 4,136 2,400 115 411 1,210 3,972 150 5195 South Atlantic division ...... 8, 100 5,286 4,498 3,703 64 104 627 705 - 83 42, 814 Delaware 299 223 153 119 4 10 20 64 6 76 Maryland ...... 1,599 1,232 '790 462 29 63 236 431 11 367 District of Co 221 109 60 35 5 7 13 48 1 /112 liunbh...... Virginia ...... 2,193 1,139 1,078 1,018 4 8 48 43 18 /1,054 'West 'Virginia 792 711 600 512 3 8 137 60 11 61 North Carolina 1,493 935 99 831 2 66 6 10 /558 South Carolina 578 367 328 112 4 2 10 39 211 Georgia ...... 901 511 517 408 8 4 97 10 6 368 Florida ...... 24 17 13 6 5 2 4 7

llorth CeiLral di- I vision...... 25,615 24,634 13,062 5,795 304 1,215 5,748 10,265 1,307 j981 Ohio ...... 7. 400 7,056 4,404 2,209 108 385 1,612 2,394 258 /344 Indiana...... 2 927 2,826 2,043 1,064 34 186 859 635 148 /101 Illinois ...... 5, 395 - 5,299 2,112 682 34 105 1,231 2,897 290 - NO Michigan ...... 1, 916 1,878 959 407 47 90 415 775 144 138 Wisconsin ...... 2,641 2,625 894 262 16 304 312 1,627 104 /16 Minnesota 365 361 90 44 8 18 20 268 3 Iowa ...... 1,621 1,596 814 316 25 52' 421 964 118 25 Missouri ...... 2,378 2,109 1,213 478 15 74 666 698 180 269 North Dakota 35 34 11 4 ...... 5 2 15 8 1 South Dakota 53 51 24 8 1 9 6 25 2 Nebraska 291 287 140 74 8 17 41 140 - 7 Kansas ...... 593 512 338 157 8 10 1 163 1 129 45 e81 Includes 333 paupers with a native father and foreign-born mother and 616 paupers with a native mother and foreign-born father. S All white, and all natives of the United States. e As reported by the enumerators, these figures include 5,753 pure negroes, 685 mulattoes, or negroes ofinixedblood, 13 Chinese. 'and 36 Indians. Includes 10 tndiasu and 1 Chinese. q Inoluda 6 Indians, j Includes 14 lads ans. d Includes 2 Indians. S Includes 1 Chinese, I Includes 5 India ns. Includes I Indian, - 4 Includes 3 ludians. 7 Includes 4 India us. REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF INMIGRATION. 23

TABLE I.—ALMSHOUSE PAUPERS IN TRE UNITED STATES IN 1890 r'rc.—Continued.

- White.

Native. Col. States and Tern- Aggre. bativ- tories, gate. One or Foreign ored. both Total. Parents One Pamnts born. Total. nown.

South Central division ...... 5, 049 3,406 2, 655 1,892 39 38 686 500 251 a 1, 648 Kentucky ...... 1,578 1,254 1005 794 17 15 179 204 45 324 Tennessee ...... 1, 545 1,011 844 590 10 8 216 73 94 514 Alabama, 623 322 264 199 1 84 49 9 301 Mississippi 494 205 172 317 1 54 11 22 289 Lonioiana 122 114 24 10 7 6 1 90 8 Texas ...... 464 326 225 121 4 7 93 63 38 a138 Indian Tern. tory ...... Oklahoma ...... Arkansas 223 174 121 61 1 59 10 41 49 Western division .. 3, 138 3,072 17 190 715 59 206 210 1,848 34 566 Montana...... 132 128 53 28 4 15 6 74 1 14 Wyoming...... Colorado 87 86 I 36 16 1 8 11 47 3 1 New Mexico... 1 1 1 1 ...... Arizona ...... 23 23 8 2 2 2 2 15 ...... Utah ...... 62 60 16 8 5 3 42 2 dl Nevada ...... 43 41 20 9 3 8 21 2 Idaho ...... 20 20 14 7 1 1 3 6 ...... Alaska ...... Washington .. 71 , '71 23 11 1 5 4 48 ...... Oregon ...... 99 96 953 27 1 5 20 42 1 ai California ...... 2,600 2,546 66 604 49 160 153 1,553 .27 e54

alncludes 1 Indian. dlncludos 1 Chinese. S Includes 8 Indians and 12 Chinese. e Includes 6 Indians and 10 Chinese. c Includes 1 Indian and 1 Chinese. 24. REPORT OF TEE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION.

TABLE 11.—DISTRIBUTION 08' MALE PAUPERS nc ALMSI1OUSIIS IN THE UNITED STArEs IN 1890, BY STATES AND TEsernTostIles, IN THE AGGREGATE, AND BY NATIVITY AND RACE.

W'hite. Negroes.

Native. - - States and 'J.'erri' Ag tories. ga!o. One or Forei Nativ- Parents Father Mother Parents both born ity . Pure. Mixed native, native, native, foreign. paits noon.

- known. - -

The Unit-ed States ...... 40,741 11,123 187 351 2,176 5,538 16,938 1,074 3, 016 a338

Alabama ...... 276 63 ...... 1 17 36 . 2 143 14 Arizona ...... 23 2 2 ...... 2 2 15 ...... Arkansas ...... 100 19 1 23 8 21 26 2 California ...... 2, 287 059 19 24 149 133 1,331 26 27 b19 Colorado ...... 76... 15 1 4 9 44 3 ...... Connecticut ...... 818 263 4 3 67 66 362 20 25 2 Delawaro ...... 155 53 1 1 6 12 38 3 41 ...... District of Cohun. bin ...... 121 22 1 6 0 26 37 18 Florida ...... 16 4 ...... 0 2 ...... 3 ...... 4 ...... Georgia ------.398 141 1 3 3 30 10 193 14 Idaho...... 10 7 1 3 8 5 ...... illinois ...... 3, 131 371 9 8 96 677 1,810 110 45 c5 Indiana, ...... 1,706 552 5 11 57 438 513 60 60 dO Iowa ...... 904 175 2 12 29 233 456 60 15 2 Kansas ...... 359 93 4 7 94 100 28 30 cI Kentucky ...... 778 326 4 10 79 154 24 181 30 Louisiana ...... -50 4 2 ...... 2 ...... 87 ...... 5 ...... Maine ...... 611 408 3 14 20 37 116 9 8 1 Mai'yland ...... 922 277 4 16 34 146 268 7 169 1 Massaclmsct,ts ...... '2,343 885 24 22 232 200 919 28 27 c6 Michigan ...... 1,168 209 16 16 57 250 530 68 18 ci Mtaiesot't ...... 263 11 1 4 8 15 188 3 2 1 h1isissipi ...... 215 36 ...... 20 8 8 148 15 Missouri ...... 1, 812 230 2 5 37 363 438 93 183 11 Montana ...... 118 24 3 18 6 68 2 d2 Nebraska...... 100 44 4 11 21 93 4 3 ...... Nevada ...... 3 9 ...... 3 7 18 ...... New Hampshire 555 244 2 1 36 130 106 27 5 c4 New Jersey ...... 1,385 354 15 18 191 113 616 16 55 7 New Mexico ...... 1 1...... Now York ...... 5, 496 1,457 24 60 366 451 2,933 99 94 e12 North Carolina 053 315 1 24 6 11 272 24 North Dakota ...... 24 4 ...... 3 1 8 7 1 ...... Dliio...... 4, 152 1,144 23 86 234 780 1,633 105 170 c27 Dregon ...... 86 24 1 ...... 5 16 37 1 2 ...... Pennsylvania' ...... 5, 148 1,327 13 49 258 630 2,579 70 182 120 Rhode Island ...... 258 03 8 ...... 15 49 06 2 8 ' 2 South Carolina 245 127 1 2 16 96 3 South Dakota ...... 36 7 ...... 5 5 17 2 ...... I7ennessee ...... 685 220 3 6 92 60 45 236 23 Lexas ...... 257 73 2 . 1 5 44 48 16 50 c9 tltah ...... 47 6 ...... - 4 3 81 2 gi Vermont ...... 249 149 13 14 35 58 6 2 2 Virginia...... 970 368 1 1 6 24 28 14 489 89 Washington 68 Il 1 5 4 47 ...... We-st Virginia 393 227 2 1 5 69 50 5 30 4 Wisconsin...... 1,517, 150 3 5 159' 156 975 60 8 1

nlncludas 16 Indians and 12 Chuiiese. elnclndes 3 Indians.. b Includes 4 Indians and 9 Chinese. ,f Includes 1 Chinese. c Includes 1 indian. , g Chinese. dl Indian and 1 Chinese. REPORT OF THE SUPERINTEN1)ENT OF IMMIGRATION. 25

1'AIlLE III.—DISTIIIBUTION or I'MMALE PAW'rnS IN .AJ isnousits IN THE UNITED STATES IN 1890, In STATES AND 'I'ERRITOiIIES, iN THE AGGmiGAT1, AND BY NATIVITY AND RACE.

White. Negro

Native. Stales and Tern- Aggre. tories, gate. One or For Nativ- both Un' Parents Father Mother parents bO.i it.y Pure. Mixed. native, native, native, foreign. pasen a nown. 1111- know,,.

The United States ...... 32, 304 10,396 146 265 1,404 5.070 10.710 1,200 2,737 a376 1ahain ...... 347 136 ...... 47 11 7 136 8 rkansas ...... 123 42 ...... 96 2 22 slifornia ...... 311 45 2 .4 11 20 222 1 2 b6 olorado ...... ii 3 ...... 4 2 ...... 1 ...... onnecticut, 620 184 3 36 33 208 34 ' 26 c6 elawsre ...... 144 66 1 1 4 8 26 3 35 ...... istriet of Colurn' his ...... 100 13 1 1 1 4 22 1 37 c20 1lorid'e ...... 8 2 ...... S ...... eorgia...... 503 267 4 1 67 3 151 10 dal,o ...... I ...... mote ...... 2,264 311 4 13 69 554 1,087 180 40 utliana ...... 1,221 512 4 14 21) 421 122 88 26 5 on's ...... 637 141 4 7 23 188 208 58 8 ...... sf555 ...... 234 64 2 2 3 69 29 17 44 c4 entnokv ...... 800 468 4 9 5 300 50 21 1'17 26 onioians.,; 72 6 3 2 4 1 53 ...... 3 ...... sine ...... 550 362 2 10 18 45 –105 7 1 ...... ar -Iand ...... 677 185 3 6 29 00 103 4 191 6 assachusetts...... 2,382 662 17 25 178 197 1,222 35 38 8 ichigan ...... 748 198 8 7 33 365 245 76 II e5 innesota ...... 102 13 3 10 5 70 ...... ississippi ...... 259 81 ...... 1 34 3 14 113 18 i590tini ------. 3,000 , 248 8 5 37 303 258 87 105 20 ontana...... 14 4 1 2 6 1 ...... eM-asks...... 111 30 2 2 6 20 47 3 ] ...... evads ...... 6 ...... '1 3 ...... 1 1 en- IIaenpshire 588 284 1 4 32 124 102 32 2 , 07 ow Jersey ...... 1,333 306 19 13 115 139 653 10 60 12 ow York...... 4,776 1,141 25 33 265 427 2.662 304 183 c16 ertli Carolina 840 516 I ...... 42 19 242 o20 'orth Dakota .. 11 ...... 2 1 • 7 1 ...... Mo ...... 3,248 1,155 37 32 151 832 761 153 120 27 regOn ...... 11 cnnsy1vania. 3,505 1,073 14 39 153 560 1,393 80 167 26 Ihode 1sland.,., '232 63 2 1 15 45 78 9 15 4 outli Carolina , 333 185 ..,.. 3 2 8 23 ...... 104 8 oath Dakota 17 1 1 ... 4 1 5 .... 2 ...... ennessee 860 370 1 6 2 144 13 49 247 28 lInens ...... 207 48 1 2 49 15 22 66 4 flab ...... 15 2 ...... Terniont .... 564 159 1 6 6 36 42 5 7 2 iriItia ...... 1,223 650 2 2 24 15 4 406 cOO vahtingt-on 3 2 ...... I ...... tVest Virginis 399 285 ...... 3' 08 10 6 19 8 Visconsin ...... 1,124 112 1 7 145 156 652 44 4 c3

alnoludes 20 Indians and I Cliinse. dlneludes 4 Indians. 8 Incledes 2 Indians and 1 Chinese, , e Includes 3 Inditnis. Includes 1 indian. . f Indian. Of the 36,656 native paupers, 21,519 had both parents native, 949 had one parent native and one parent foreign born, 3,580 had both pa- cnts foreign born, and in 10,608 cases the birthplace of one or both f the parents is unknown. Leaving out of view the 10,608 whose lareIltage is unknown in who]e or in part, there remain 26,048 eases in vhich the proportion of native aiid foreign b]ood can be estimated. If o the 21,519 native paupers, born of native parents, is added one-half f the number with one parent foreign born, the sum is 21,993. If to lie 3 580 native paupers, born of foreign parents, is added an equal rnoutit,1 the SILUII is 4,054. But to this latter figure must also be added. 26 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION. 27,648 foreign-born paupers, which gives as a result 31,702. In other words, the foreign population of this country contributes directly or indirectly in the persons of the foreign born, or of their immediate descendants, very nearly three-fifths of all the paupers supported in almshouses The foreign-born paupers alone outnumber all of the native paupers whose parentage is known, whether the same be native or foreign.

MONEY BROUGHT BY IMMIGRANTS.

The 152,360 immigrants above 20 years of age arrived at the port of New York during the six months eiidthg June 30, 1892, brought $3,060,908.05. Average per capita, $20.09. Five thousand eight hundred and fourteen immigrants brought more than $100 each, 146,546 brought less than $100 each. Immigrants from France brought the largest amount of money per capita. Of her 1,317 immigrants, 183 brought more than $100 and 1,134 brought less than $100, making an average per capita of $55.67. Switzerland follows next with 2,049 immigrants. Of that number 186 brought more than $100 and 1,863 brought less than $100, making an average per capita of $44.01. Wales follows close on Switzerland with 222 immigrants; 31 of that number brought more than $1C0 and 189 brought less than $100, making an average per capita of $43.06. Germany with 22,351 immigrants, of which number 2,002 brought more than $100 and 20,329 that brought less than $100, making an average pCr capita of $35.42. Hungary, Italy, and Poland brought the lowest avemage amount of 'cash of any country contributing to our population. They are within a fraction of the same average per capita. Poland, with 10,778 immi- •grants, 157 of which brought more than $100, and 10,621 less than $100, making an average of $12.31. Italy with 30,288 immigrants, 406 of which number brought more than $100, and 29,882 less than $100, making an average per capita of $11.77. Hungary with 13,149 immigrants, 150 of which brought more than $100, and 12,999 less than $100, making an average per capita of $11.42. The figures disclose an average per capita of money per immigrant from Russia of $2.10. The immigrants from Russia have the widest variations in financial condition of any people who come to our country. Of the 9,639 immigrants who arrived 333 brought more than $100 each, several of these bringing considerable sums of money, one bringing $25,000. All these were men conducting a prosperous business in Russia, and were driven from home on account of persecution, and who had converted their large estates into the cash they could secure and fled the country. The 9,306 Russians who b'rought less than $100 were nearly all destitute. Very few of them had sufficient money to pay their passage to their destination in the interior of the country. The vast majority of them came on tickets furnished by the "Baron Hirsh Fund." Three million sixty thousand nine hundred and eight dollars and five cents is a very considerable sum of money to be brought into our country by new citizens, but when distributed among 152,360 persons it becomes an inconsiderable amount. Twenty dollars and nine cents, the average amount of money per capita brought by the immigrants, can not be considered a reasonable amount of money for the average immigrant to commence life with in a new country. REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION.' 27

TABLE SHOwING THE NUMBER AND NATIONALITY OF IMMIGRANTS OVER 20 YEARS OF AGE ARRIVING AT THE PORT OF NEW YORK1 WHO BROUGHT OVER $7.00, THE NUMBER WHO BROUGHT LESS THAN $100, AS WELL AS THE AvK1s.G1i PER CAP- ITA FOR THE SIx MONTHS ENDING JUNE 30, 1892.

Wries. is:0: fl13; France

Total number of immigrants over 20 years of age ...... 14,992 5,571 , 220 1,571 22,351 1,317 9,639 10,778 2,049 Money brought by persons over 20 y ears: Numher who brought $100 or over ...... 401. 293 31 62 2,022 183 333 157 186 Number who brought less than $100 ...... 14591 5,278 189 1,509 20,329 1,134 9,300 10,621 1,863 Average per capita ...... $26.43 $ $55.67 $22.10 $12.31 $44.71 $15.64 445682877 i1.2

Portu. Den- Hun. Swe. Nor. Del- Hol- It 1 den. w*y. gium. land, a F. s Pain. g'J. mark. gary.

Total number of inunigrants over 20 years of ago ...... 13, 239 4,994 1,156 2,432 30,288 78 735 3,856 13,149 Money brought by persons over 20 y ears: Number who brought $100 or over ...... 514. 148 78 141 406 7 28 208 150 Number who brought loss than $100 ...... 12, 725 4,846 1,078 2,291 29,882 71 707 8,648 12,999 Average per capita ...... $21. 69 $18. 70 $29.06 $27.12 $11.77 $29. 80 $14. 30 $28. 03 $3 1.42

-. All Aus- Iloho. Fin. Arme. Ans- Tur- reec other T o a trio. mia. land. nia. tralia, key. coun. tries.

Total nuu1bor of immigrants over 20 years of age: 8,270 1,305 2,733 381 8 22 213 953 152,300 Money brought by persons over 20 years...... Nuniber who brought $100 or over ...... 237 78 88 27 2 15 74 .5,814 Number who brought less than $100 ...... 8,033. 3,292 2,695 354 8 20 198 879 346,546 Average per capita...... 14.95 $23.66 $13.9 $19.08 $39.00 $27.72 $27. S9 $24.56 $20.09

Total amount of money brought, $3,060,908.05. 28 'REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION.

CONVICTS IN PENITENTIARIES, 1890. The tables herewith submitted show the total number of convicts in penitentiaries to be 43,233.

PFINITJINTIARY CoNvicTs OF THE UNITED STATHS IN 1890, BY STATES AND TERRI- TORIES.

[From Census Bulletin.]

White. I Native. States and Tern. Aggre. I Col- tories, NsIiv- gate. Total. oroll. Total. CteCpsrcntJbOthboi° •

The United States ..... - - 45, 233 30,546 23,094 12,842 al 747 6,584 bl, 921 7,267 185 c14, 687 North Atlantic division ...... - - 14,477 13, 224 9, 435 3,960 791 3,993 691 31 780 9 dl, 253 Maine ------170 170 133 82 11 23 17 36 1 .... Newl[ampshire 116 ' 116 82 58 7 17 ------34 ...... Vermont ...... - --- 01 91 74 43 10 13 8 16 1 .... Massachusetts 1, 510 1,457 1,072 397 107 527 41 385 -...... - - e73 Rhode Island 122 111 87 39 11 '34 3 24 11 Connecticut.... 340 303 221 114 10 83 14 80 •2 37 New Yoi'k ...... 8,190 7,583 5,302 1,959 431 2,401 511 2,280 1 1607 New Jorsey 1,557 1,330 885 412 47 420 6 445 ...... 227 Pennsylvania. - 2,361 2,063 1,579 856 157 475 91 440 4 9298 South Atlantic L division ...... 6,466 1, 204 ", 112 , 891 47 87 87 07 5 1 55,262 Delaware ------(i) Maryland 690 298 246 139 21 59 27 48 2 394 District of Co- lumbia ...... (j) Virginia ...... 1,167167 206 195 176. 4 5 10 10 1 961 West Virginia 278 194 186 136 7 14 29 8 84 North Carolina 1,422 235 230 218 9 3 5 ... 11, 187 onth Carolina 806 55 54 51 - 1 2 I....751 Georgia ...... 1, 729 167 161 151 5 4 1 6 ... 1, 562 Florida ...... 374 51 40 20 ...... 20 9 2 325 N'orth Central division ------10,990' 9,261 71 478 41 575 594 1,570 739 1,760 23 11,729 Ohio ...... 1,652 1,332 1,148 678 70 267 133 183 1m320 Indiana ...... - 1,416 1,220 1,117 855 73 138 51 95 8 196 11linis ...... 2,057. 1,799 1,361 751 122 370 110 433 5 'n258 Michigan ...... 1, 108 1,045 785 405 83 188 109 258 2 o63 Wisconsin ....530 507 811 149 05 117 10 196 ------p23 Minnesota 412 416 258 127 24 76 31 150 2 10 Iowa ------623 577 487 289 50 . 88 60 09 1 46 Missouri...... 1,701 1,140 1,004 558 83 180 183 134 2 q56l North Dakota 65 62 39 15 4 16 4 23 3 South Dakota 97 92 66 38 8 21 1 26 -...... -- Nebraska 391 350 269 253 7 9 ...... 80 1 841 Kansas ...... 918 721 633 459 35 92 47 87 1 t197 a Includes 707 convicts with a native father and I Dolawaro has no penitentiary. foreign-born ,nother and 1,040 convicts with j There is no penitentiary in the. District of Co a sinhve mother and foreign-born father. luambia. All white, and all natives of the United States. I Includes 2 Indiana. c As reported by the enmneratoro, these figures 6 Includes 5 Chinese and 39 Indians. include 10,889 Pure negroes, 0,378 mulattoes rn Includes 13 Indians. or negroes of mixed blood, 240 Chinese, and 180 n Includes 4 Chinese and illndian. Indians. o includes 1 indian. d Includes 6 Chinese and 11 1ndian. p Includes I Chinese and 10 Indiana. e Includes 4 Indians. o Includes 3 Indian. f Includes 4 Chinese and 7 Indians. r IncludeO 4 Indians. g Inclmdes 2 ChInese. i Included 2 Indians. ii Includes 2 Indians, Includes 7 Indians. REPORT OF THE SIJPER.ENTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION. 29

PENITENTIARY ' CONVICTS OF TUE UNiTED STATES IN 1890, ETC.—COntinued.

White.

Natives. States and Tern- Agre- . Col- tories. gate. ored. Total. bor ityflu. Total. native. ?anente5 parents known.

South Con tral division ...... 9, 241 31 271 2,609 1, 97? 128 241 274 518 144 aS, 970 Kentucky ...... 1,235 515 367 293 12 30 32 .26 122 720 Tennessee ...... 1, 484 402 359 268 14 26 53 14 9 1, 082 Alabama ...... 1,086 Ii) 148 133 7 6 2 11 ...... 927 Mississippi. 429 39 38 2 3 8 1 ...... 390 Louisiana 850 129 108 48 16 82 12 21 ...... 5727 Texas ...... 3319 . 1,704 1,278 960 57 130 131 414 12 ci, 611 Indian Tani- tory ...... (d) Oklahoma (e) Arkansas 832 323 311 244 17 15 30 ii 1 f509 Western division.. 4,059 3,586 2,460 1,445 192 693 130 1,122 4 p473

Montana ...... 225 205 152 88 5 59 52 1 520 Wyoming 10 9 8 3 2 2 1 1 1 Colorado ...... 526 488 368 103 39 109 27 120 38 New Mexico 112 109 80 59 5 5 11 27 2 3 Arizona 144 117 51 30 4 14 3 66 iF! Utah ...... 180 174 99 48 8 25 18 75 j6 Nevada...... 96 75 41 20 3 12 34 ...... 121 Idaho ...... 102 94 58 30 12 3 • 7 36 JO Alaska ...... (on) Washington ... 251 224 152 81 10 55 6 72 ...... 0027 Oregon ...... 362 322 241 158 4 . 51 28 81 ...... 040 California ...... 2, 051 1,769 1,210 729 100 352 29 558 1 p282

a Includes 2 Chinese and 36 Indians. 4 Includes 4 Chinese and 17 Indians. b Includes 1 Chinese and 1 Indian. . . 5 Includes 1 Chinese and 1 Indian. Includes 1 Chinese and 3 Indians. S Includes 10 Chinese and 5 Indians. dTheo'e is no penitentiary In Indian Territory. 0 Includes 4 Chinese and 2 Indians. There is no penitentiary in Oklahoma. on There is no penitentiary in Alaska. f Includes 32 Iadian. is Includes 3 Chinese and 10 Indians. o Includes 227 Chinese and 92 Indians. o Includes 25 Chinese and 5 Indians. 5 Includes S Chinese and 10 Indians. p Includes 171 Chinese, 3 Japanese, and 42 Indians. In respect of nativity, not including the colored convicts, who may all be supposed to be natives, except the Ohinese and Japanese, of the 30,546 white convicts 23,004 are native born, 7,267 foreign born, and the place of birth of 185 is unknown. Before the present census this is all.that could have been said on this important topic. But an examination of the table will reveal the fact that the native white convicts are divided into fQur or really five subclasses, as follows: 12,842 had both parents liative; 1,747 had one parent native and one parent foreign born; 6,584 had both parents foreign born; and in 1,921 cases the birthplace of one or both parents is unknown. Of the convicts with one foreign-born parent, 707 had a foreign-born mother and 1,040 had a foreign-born father. Leaving out of view the 1,921 whose parentage is unknown in whole or in part, there remains 21,173 cases in which the proportion of native and foreign blood can be estimated. If to the 12,842 native convicts born of native parents is added one-half of the number with one parent foreign born, the sum is 13,715.5. If to the 9,584 native convicts born of foreign parents is added an equal amount, the sum is 7,457.5. But to this latter figure must also be added 7,267 foreign-born convicts, which gives as a result 14,724.5. In other words, the foreign population of this country contributes, directly or indirectly, in the persons of the foreign born or of their inlinediate de$cend- aiits considerably more material for our State prisons and penitentiaries than the entire native population, the difference being represented by O REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION.

1 7009. This makes a very different showing from that in any former -census, and it is nearer correct. It is an interesting remark, easily retained in the memory, that of 43,127 penitentiary convicts whose birthplace and parentage are known, the foreign-born element of the population furnished 14,725, the colored population 14,687, and the native white population, which probably out- numbers them both, only 13,715. In other words, each of these elements furnishes about one-third of all the inmates of our State prisons and penitentiaries. No. 6-STATEMENT SHOWING THE Nu ER OF ALIEN PASSENGERS ARRIVED IN THE UNITED STATES EACH YEAR FROM 1820 TO 1892, AND THE NUMBER or IM- MIGRANTS ARRIVED EACH YEAR FROM 1856 TO 1892. [NoTE-Tables 61 7, 8, 11 and 12 are taken as compiled by the Bureau of Statistice.J

Alien Alien I passe". Immi- Period. Period. I passengers. I gers I grants arrived. I arrived, arrived.

Year ending September 30- Year ending Dec. 31-Continued. 1820 ...... - -8, 385 1854 ...... ------427, 839 ...... 1821 ...... -9,127 3855 ------200,877 ...... - --- - 1822 ...... 6,911 1856 ------200, 436 195,857 3823 ...... 6,354 3857 ------251,306 - - 245,945 1824 ...... 7,912 1858 ------123,126 119,501 1825 ...... -10,199 1859 ...... 121, 282 118,616 1826 ...... -10,837 1860 ------153,640 1827 ...... 150,237 .18,875 1861 ------91,918 89,724 1828 ...... --- ..27,382 1862 ...... 91,985 89,007 1829 ...... 22, 520 1863 ...... 176, 282 174,524 1810...... 23,322. 1864 ------193,418 191,195 1831...... 22, 633 1805 ...... 248, 120 247,453 1832 ...... 53,179 1866 ...... 318,568 314,917 Quarter ending December 31- 1867 ...... 315, 722 310,965 1832 ...... 7,103 ,fauiary ito June 30- * Year ending December 31- 1868 ------..------.142,023 138,840 1833...... 58, 640 Year ending June 30- 3834...... 65,365 3869 ...... 363,074 352,708 1835 ...... 45 114 1 1170 ...... 4p2, 920 387,203 1836...... 76, 242 1871 ...... 342, 609 321,350 3837 ...... 79,340 1872 ...... 422,978 404,806 3838 ------38, 914 1873 ...... 473, 141 459,803 1839 ...... 68,069 1874 ...... 327, 949 313, 339 1840 ...... 84,064 1875 ...... 244, 632 227,498 1841...... 80,289 1876 ...... 189,991 169,986 1842. 104, 565 1877 ...... 165, 019 143, 857 Jan nary 1 to September 30- 1878 ...... 157, 770 138, 469 1841...... 52, 490 1879 ...... 197, 954 177,825 Year ending September 30- 1880 ...... 484, 396 457,267 1844...... 78,635 1881 ...... 695,103 669.431 3645 ...... 114,371 1882 ...... 816.272; 788,992 1846 ...... 154,416 1883 ...... 645. 232 , 603,322 1847 ...... 234, 968 1984 ...... 560, 563 518.592 1848 ...... 226, 527 1885 ...... 437, 758 184 395,346 0 ...... 297, 024 1886 ...... 357, 923 334,203 1850...... 310, 004 1887 ...... .13,5 038 490,109 Quarter ending December 31- 1888 ...... 567, 5108 546,8 9 1850 ...... 59, 976 1889 ...... 405, 272 444,427 Year ending December 31- 3890 ...... 476, 425 , 1851------455,302 379,460 1891 ...... 579,117 580,319 1852 ...... 371,603 1892 ...... 644,353 579,663 - 1853 ...... 368,645

NOTES-a Prior to the ear 1820 no official records of the arrival of alien passengers were kept. It is estimated, bowever, that the total number arrived liii the United States from the -foundation of the Government to the year 1820 was 250,000. It has been estimated that prier to the year 1856 about 98 per cent of the total aliens arrived were immigrants. - b Arrivals from the British North American Possessions and Mexico are not included since July 1, 1885. The minister of agriculture of the Dominion of Canada, in his official report for the calendar year 1891, reports the foliowin imnmigrdnt.passengeru as arrived at Canadian ports from European countries en route -for the United utat-os during the following calendar years: 1885 ...... 25,927 1886...... 53,429 1887 ...... 91. 053 1888 ------85,708 1889 ...... 84,862 3890 ...... 103. 854 1891 ...... 105,213 These immigrants through the Domnimilon of Canada are net included in the United States statistlo 'of immigrants arrived, and should be taken into consideration in matters affected by immigration.

No. 7.STA4 Y PRINCIPAL AND ALL OTHER CUSTOMS DISTRICTS, SHOWING THE Nu-.%ii3FR§ OF PASSENGERS ARRIVED IN TUE UNITED STATES ROM FOREIGN COUNTRiES, DISTINGUISHING UNITED STATES CITIZENs RETURNING, NONIrGMIGRANT ALIENS, AND IMMIGRANTS, RESPECTIVELY, DURING EACH YEAR, FROM 1857 TO 1892, INCLUSIVE. [Arrivals from the British North American Pos8esaions and MeZico are not included after July 1, 1885.] 171 New York, N. V. Portland and Falmoulh. Me. Boston and Charl'estown. Mass.j Philadelphia, Pa. Baltimore, Md. '-S 0 U. S. Non: Total U. S. Non- Total U. S. Non. Total U. S. Non- I Total U. S. Non- Total Year endm- citizens iiutni- Immi- passen- citizens immi- Immi- passen. citizens imifli- Immi. passen- citizens immi- Immi- pfsseil- citizens immi- Immi- passen- return- grant grants. gers ar- return- "rant grants. gors ar- return- grant grants. gors at- return , grant grants. gers ar. return- grant grants. gore or lug. aliens. rived. jug. a°liens. rived. ing. aliens. rived. ing. aliens. rived. iog aliens. rived.

Dee. 31-1857... 16,467 77 188. 243 204,787 606 1,183 603 2,162 1,995 2,118 13,331 17,444 346 39 5,275 5,660 126 30 8,023 9,079 1858... 15, 794 ...... 85, 848 101,642 159 385 143 687 1.960 2,301 5,086 9,347 29-7 30 2,2634 2,591 290 6 3,690 3,986 1859... 26,821 ...... 86,449 113,270 204 373 137 774 2,966 1,815 8,498 12,379 473 2 3,311 3,780 216 ...... 3,546 3,762 1860... 20,104 ..... 111,461 111,865 47 1,007 1,047 2,101 2,066 1,082 8,807 12,825 450 22 3,426 1,898 223 - ...... -- 6,709 6,032 1861-.. 17,747 ------70, 063 87, 81 121 671 1,211 2,003 1,743 1.113 4,365 7,221 273 - ...... -- 1,634 1,907 209 ...... 3,720 3,930 1862... 19,081 ------78, 395 97,470 107 370 267 744 1,013 1,707 2,356 6,036 492 3 1,434 1,929 137 4 2.2 37 2,378 02 3881... 20, 942 ..... 151, 956 172,898 120 1,674 2,792 4,585 1,666 ...... 7,217 8,853 175 - ...... -- 3,688 3,86.1 102 2 1,070 1,174 1864... 25, 256 ..... 174,434 199,690 75 215 1,082 3,372 2,154 ------6,347 8,501 222 ------4,240 4,462 49 2 2,917 2,968 1865... 35, 549 ------190, 372 225,921 129 612 3,590 4,331 2,758 ------10,007 12,765 20 ------1,56 1,580 145 1 4,457 4,603 171 June 30-1866 a. 15, 534 ----- 120, 099 135,633 123 684 3,408 4,215 934 1,062 4,534 6, 530 ------1,802 1,892 103 80 3,937 4,120 1867... 32,810 ----- 244,030 272,540 255 061 3,806 5,022 2,908 2,535 11,483 16,926 ------2,580 2,580 408 102 10,035 10,545 1868... 32, 109 ------.15,553 267,662 822 1,422 4,319 6,563 2,881 2,,IS1 12,529 17,641 180 15 826 1,021 514 29 9,740 10,283 '-I 1869... 17,777 2,442253,754 273,073 620 1,000 4,026 5,646 1,625 2,078 23,294 26,907 314 55 1,061 1,433 613 62 11,202 1L897 1870... 22,17, 2,659 256,354 881.191 078 2,698 3,435 7-111 2,034 1,642 33, 028 26,704 140 33 1,016 1,189 850 46 11,527 12,423 1871... 19,553 3,052206,205 228,810 1,305 1,253 4,219 8,-777 2,082 1,484 27, 0241 30,581 165 15 348 528 670 52 9,956 10,678 ii . 338 16 154 508 798 30 15,979 16, 807 1872. - - 24,828 3, 681 283. 226 311,735 1,183 3,089 5,385 9,657 1,946 1, 430 26,009 30,185 171 1873... 2-7, 591 2,899 307,334 337.824 1,910 4,579 4,524 11,013 1,753 1,689 31, 676 35,118 17 19 1,108 1,305 788 48 17,897 10,733 1874. - - 11,294 4, 005 194, 144 229,443 1,275 3, 178 2,477 6,930 2,342 1,468 24,225, 28,035 935 16 5,649 6,600 834 95 9,831 10,760 1875... 20,795 3,505 130,994 164,294 839 3,788 1,633 6,260 2,419 1,839 17,645 21,903 2,182 54 9,929 12,165 878 48 6,055 6,981 1876... 28,761 5,455 82, 373 116,589 1,033 2,502 1,283 4,818 2,509 1,615 9, 711! 13,835 2, i87 306 7,812 10,305 904 46 5,093 6,043 1877... 24,299 5,618 72,942 102,859 854 2,579 977 4.110 2,129 1,720 7,887 11,736 2,158 71 6,154 8,253 628 121 3,923 4,672 1878... 25,706 5, 193 '72,163 103, 062 26 219 2'7 - 272 2,196 1,438 8,756 12,390 2, 297 21 5,289 7,607 608 96 3, 612 4, 316 1879... 36,458 6, 249 99, 224 141,931 ' 16 62 42 120 2,383 092 10,364, 18,739 2, 691 637 8,266 11,594 602 151 4, 713 5,466 1880. - - 31,313 6,842263, 726 301,881 20 129 53 202 2,552 1,138 34,062 37,744 1,692 39 21,727 23,458 540 113 17, 394 18,047 1881... 31,173 8,235400,871 440,279 25 109 15 149 2,621 1.899, 41,018 45,538 1,750 13 14,865 36,628 593 218 40,0171 40,828 1803... 34,197 8,529502,171 544,897 8 1,785 2,008 3,799 2,169 1,1169 58, 180' 62,324 1,900 7 36,284 38,191 525 156 41,739, 42,420 1883... 44,295 19, 503 406,697 470,495 331 2,417 1,845 4,593 5,710 0,442 48,188 57,340 1,960 44 24,808 26,812 443 138 35,690 36,271 1884... 47,860 22,700 354,70 425,262 341 1,522 1,716 3,579 9,572 .3, 2831 35,036 47,891 1,368 44 18,581 20,307 870 121 30,5071 36,498 659 153 15,928 16, 740 1885. -. 51,514 22,974 257,223 361,711 1 1, 107 866 2,014 6,603 2,367 25,660 34,630 2,309 46 22,482 24,837 1886... 50, 412 15, 267 266, 370 332,049 6: 529 1,658 2,193 7,565 270 25,046 32,881 2,917 41 20,822 23,780 862 61 13, 500 14, 421 1887... 56,261 14,671376,005 446,937 93, 356 1,076 1,525 4,267 323 36,209 40,799 3,033 56 31,048 34,137 1,264 70 36,098 37,432 1888...' 57, 759 14, 545 415,423 491,027 21; 64 160 245 3,756 515 44,873 49,144 1,028 91 37,325 39,344 1,123 105 33,297 34,525 1889. 61,000 15,084338,784 414,8-78 54 786 481 1,321 3,630 274 35, 198 39, 102 1,280 77 28,100 29,45-7 1,006 10 29.704 30,904 1890...' 73, 7271 12.581364,086 450,394 05: 318 531 884 4,540 221 29,813 34,574 1,544 851 22,658 24,284 1,284 63 27,178 28,525 1891... 72, 6941 12.163 , 403 533,250 165. 261 379! 805 4,013 285 30, 951, 36, 149 1,806 .366 26,152 28.124 1,172 130 40, 694 41,996 448 581 17 964 1 460 2 4 32 37 1,606 146 30,703 1 2754 1 55,8701 67 , 310 1892 76 200 15 164445,9871 63 1641 463! 58611421 0711 1261 a Sta months. No. 7.-NU7iIBERS OF PASSENGERS ARRiVED, ETC., BY CUSTOMS DISTRiCTS, 1857 TO 1892-Cotiued,

Key West, Fix. New Orleans, La. San Francisco, Cal. Puget Sound, Wash. All other ports.

Year ending- U.S. Non- 'Intal U. S. Non- Total U. S. Noij- Total U.S. Non. Total U.S. Non Total 07 citizens imnii. . Immi- passen- citizens immi. Imzni' passen- citizens imnli- Immi. passen- citizens imini. Immi. passen. citizens mimi- mimi. passen- 07 return- grant grants gers ar- return- grant grants. gers ar- return- grant grants. geTs or-. return- rant grants: gers at- return- grant ga--ants. gets or- ing. aliens. rived. tug. aliens. rived. lug. aliens. rived. ing. aliens. rivdd. lug. aliens.' rived. o j 07

Dec.' 31-1857...... 109 49 145 303 21, 299 21, 299 ...... 6, 655 6,655 ...... 1 027 471 2.471 I 3,969 1858.. 203 10 302 525 2,029 44 '11,466 13,539 ...... 5,797 1, 048 595 4,895 6,538 1859.. I...... 0 • 771 6 142 919 2,717 60 8,545 11,322 1 ------253 4, 251 I ...... 808 203 3,735 4,836 1860...... 131 175 306 2,106 51 10, 663 13,080 ...... 817 5,817 ...... 664 149 2,132 2,945 186L...... 35 51 86 231 727 958 ...... 13 7,879 7,892 ...... 427 301 69 797 1862.. 1 ...... 125 126 - ...... 1, 063 3,963 ...... 744 675 230 1,649 07 1863...... 12 128 140 7, 403 7,403 ...... 512 14 271 - 797 1864.. 07 199 199 ...... 185 3,185 ...... 359 4 791 1,154 1865.. . 185 185 ...... 3,572 3,572 ...... 3,330 3,330 ...... 678 45 380 1,103 11) Juno 30-3866 a 96 96 986 ...... 1,836 2,842 ------300 1,232 1,532 ...... 452 2,040 26,640 29,032 1867.. - 187 187 1,659 53 4, 884 6,596 ...... 062 4,062 ------1, 078 426 21,900 23,404 1868.. 15 ...... 141 156 1,370 90 3,772 5,232 955 92 8,588 9,635 315 '1,015 21 1,351 949 1,055 6,700 8,704 07 1869.. • 24 6 476 506 1 1 442 30 9,424 4,896 1,901 77 13,490 15,468 ...... 1,738 23 1,761 2,440 2,815 41,819 47,074 07 3870.. ldo ...... 1, 009 1,109 788 320 4,784 5,892 .2, 025 ...... 15, 949 17,974 335 1,450 27 1,812 4,437 6,869 60,074 71,380 187L. 54 141 2 684 827 1,263 38 4,181 5,842 - 1,403 122 8,97 10,496 4, 000 ...... 4, 000 13,080 13,244 59,762 86, 086 1872.. 341 ...... 924 1, 265 1,054 132 6,005 7,191 808 615 10,359 11,779 3,305 ...... 395 14,468 9,179 55,865 79,512 i873. 07 200 77 1, 114 1, 391 1,156 72 6,304 7,532 1,144 811 20,917 22,872 4,913 ...... 913 8,111 3,144 68,929 80, 184 1874.. 358 255 1,272 1,885 1,001 137 4,915 6,053 1,726 904 15,116 17,746 4,184 ------4,184 3,781 4,552 55,710 64,043 54 1818.. 488 536 1,279 2,303 1, 166 256 2,132 3.554 2,396 442 18,280 21,124 5,444 ...... 5,444 5,291 6,666 39,545 51,502 1876.. 212 389 983 1,584 11 047 246 1,669 2,062 2,682 927 24,080 2-7,089 4,992 ...... 401 - 5,393 3,673 8,519 36,581 48,773 07 1877. 195 304 963 1,462 631 340 1,801 2,772 3,182 54 730 11,255 15,167 3,604 ...... 3,604 3,894 11,679 35,955 51,438 i-3 1878. 245 426 620 1,291 569 275 2,449 3,293 2,589 623 8,542 11,754 3,417 ...... 3,417 4,018 11,016 37,011 52,045 1879.. 405 742 820 1,967 687 189 1,834 2,710 3,573 794 9,253 13,620 3, 016 ...... 3,016 5,425 10,312 43,310 59,047 1880. 534 864 996 2,394 517 419 2,663 3,599 2,865 914 7,153 10,932 2,911 ------0 2, 941 7,295 16,489 109,483 133,267 It 1881.. 704 562 1,441 2,707 587 496 3,284 4,307 4,043 764 12,432 17,239 2,550 ...... 2, 550 4,503 13,436 135,488 153,427 1882.. 556 164 1,011 1,731 875 464 3,142 4,481 41 347 1, 024 32,668 38,039 4,306 ------1, 174 5,480 3,989 13, 182 110,611 127, 782 1881. 913 565 690 2,168 .983 674 1,707 3,364 4,841 4,048 8,191 17,081) 3,557 ...... 2,153 5,710 5,250 11,079 673,353 88,682 I-, 1861.. 1,064 797 2,029 3,890 1,216 424 4,093 5,733 10,164 5,067 1,735 16,966 9,823 ------9,823 , 6,650 8,013 64,793 79,456 1885.. 976 1,290 2,289 4,555 1,572 1,006 2,325 4,903 11,112 7,936 1,118 20,166 14,790 ...... 14, 790 7,675 5,533 37,455 50,663 1886.. 1,641 1,136 2,427 5,204- 1,447 557 1,648 3,652 cli, 654 1,704 1,428 17,786 91 517 1', 075 36 10,628 ' 359 80 di, 288 1,707 1887. 2,341 1,937 4,596 8,874 1, 073 662 2,031 3,766 c 3, 343 4,020 1,726 19,089 10,216 669 3 11,968 - 376' 167 1,117 1,858 07 1888.. - 1,421 589 4,436 6,446 1, 25 613 2,962 4, 700 /14, 851 2,775 2,935, 20,561 13, 317 898 ...... / 14,215 228 126 2,478. 2,832 1889.. 1,828 880 4,548 7,253 1,021 507 3,708 5,214 gil, 319 3,033 3,127 17, 479 ...... I 13 90 782 885 1890.. 2,563 5,730 2,482 10,775 1,051 536 3,878 5,405 3,128 1,490 3,606 8,238 5 ...... 5 ' 143 90 1,070 1,303 1891.. 083 3,859 3. 101 11,243 1,075 264- 3, 963 5,302 3, 163 1, 620 5,332 10,115 9 2 11 140 48 1,144 1, 332 1892. 4,481 2,596 4,560 II, 557 1,070 158 3, 711 4, 939 2, 988 1,505 3.615 10,918 ...... 10 10 137 419 1,193 1,749

a Six months. c Includes 7,704 Chinese returning. e Includes 11,162 Chineso returning. S Decrease caused by the act of Congress (May 6, 1882) d Decrease caused by the exclusion of statistics of / Includes 12,810 Chinese returning.. restricting Chinese immigration. immigration from Mexico and Canada. - p Includes 9,062 Chineso returning. No. 7.-Ntl11Es 01' 1%6SE7 OF1 ARRIVED, ETC., BY CUsTo1s DIsTRICTS, 1857 '10 1892-Cnntinued.

- TOTAL UNITED STATES.

Total United Tota1 -i N Year ending-- ' iigrant :°',: Year ending- . :: rived. . turning.. ' rived. 0 '-4 December 31- , June 30- 1857 ...... 20,676 3,937 246,945 271,558 ,18'15 ...... 50,898 17,134 227,498 295,530 0 1858 ...... 21,780 3,371 119,501 144,652 1870 ...... 48,000 20,005 169,986 237,991 1859 ...... 34,227 2,459 118,616 155,302 1877...... 41,484 23,162 141,857 206,503 1860...... 36, 051 3,181 150,237 179,169 1878 ...... 41,671 19,307 138,469 199,447 '-3 1861 ...... 20,782 2,098 89,724 112,604 1879 ...... 55,256 20,128 177,826 253,210 1862 ...... 475 2,819 89,007 114,301 1880 ...... 50, 269 26,939 457,257 534,465 71 1863 ...... 529 1,690 174, 524 199,743 1881...... 48, 549 25,732 669,431 743,712 1864 ...... 28,115 221 193,195 221,531 1882 ...... 52,872 27,280 788,992 860,144 GO 1805 ...... 39, 2-79 658 247,453 287,390 1883 ...... 67,283 41,910 603,322 712,515 ci Six months ending Juno 30, 1866 ...... 18, 132 4,166 163, 54 185,892 1884 ...... 88,928 41,971 518,592 649,491 '•O Fune 30- 1885 ...... 97, 251 42,412 395,316 535,009 tFJ 1867 ...... 18 4,077 298,967 342,162 . 1886 ...... 80,380 23,720 334,203 414,303 1868...... 060 5,899 282,189 328,148 1887...... 92, 347 22,929 490,109 605,385 -4 1866 ...... 26,776 10,306 352,768 389,850 1888...... 95,529 20,621 546,889 663,0° 1-3 1870 ...... 33,865 15,717 387,203 436,785 1889 ...... 81,241 20,845 444,427 546,510 1871 ...... 43,662 21,259 321,350 386,271 1890 ...... 88,017 21,123 455,302 504,442 1872...... 49, 056 18,172 404,806 72, 034 1891...... 89, 220 18,798 500,319 668,337 tv 1873...... 47, 744 13, 3..3 459,803 520, 885 1892...... 92, 307 21, 269 579,663 736,660 1874...... 47, 730 14,610 313,339 375,679 LI 4-3 0

'-4

4-4

'-3 4-4 0

34 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION.

No. 8.-STATEMENT SHOWING, ISV CUSTOMS DISTRICTS, TIlE TOTAL NUMBER OF PAS- - AND OF IMMIGRANTS ONLY FROM PASSENGERS ARRIVED. \

-I - - . . Years ending- ,5i ' S 0 4

A U

Sept. 30,1821 4,038 1,013 1,783 3,409 591 ...... 867 ...... 1822 4, 116 1,002 802 730 438 ...... - 561 ...... 1823 4,247 672 4(13 562 1,058 ...... 402 ...... g 1824 4,889 737 1,273 610 1,014 ...... 158 ...... 1825 7,662 858 1,303 1.365 429 ...... 447 ...... 13 1826 6,908 3,370 2,275 1,434 1,100 ...... 325 1827 ...... 96 12,602 1,858 3,956 1,706 1.341 ...... 341 ...... 12 1828: 19,860 1,496 3,500 1,951 1.958 ...... 1829 ..... / 14,814 1,595 1,468 1,691 3,044 ...... 231 ...... 1830 13,748 1,520 1,890 3.943 2,287 ...... 152 ...... 1831 10,737 1,417 3,808' 3,711 3.101 ...... 107 ...... 23 Dec. 31, 3832 ...85,246 3,344 4,747 9, 879 4.397 ...... 1833 231 76 39,440 3,240 4 216 4,619 4,785 ...... 234 ...... 46 1834 46.053 2,931 4,170 6,913 4,035 ...... 89 ...... 1835 16 32,715 3,168 1,703 3,866 3,552 ...... 280 ...... 27 3836 58,617 3,258 2,507 6,129 4.966 ...... 328 49 1837 ---- ...... 30 51, 676 3,673 , 4, 6,632 8.683 ...... 303 ...... 275 26 1838...... 24,935 2, 070 2, .3 51 234 7,434 ...... 477 ...... 158 ...... 1839...... 22 47, 688 3,046 3.. 49 6,081 10,306 ...... 545 62 16 1840 60, 609 5,161 4,079 7,271 11,085 ...... 2,24 38 1841..f ...... 30 55,885 8,034 3,016 4,531 10,700 ...... 204 39 25 1842 ..... 74, 034 8,022 1,369 5,310 12, 922 ...... 169 ...... 47 Sept. 30,1043b 22 38,930 9.654 2,297 2,953 0,055 ...... 38 ...... 100 13 1844 ..... 59, 762 6,355 4,886 5,000 3.899 ...... 330 58 45 1845 76,514 IQ, 281 5,767 7,031 15,537 ...... 309 83 1846 ...... 51 98, 863 18,998 7,236 9,337 22,148 ...... 408 '354 90 10 1847...... 1.45,830 20,745 14,777 12,018 34.803 ...... 304 3,873 188 66 1848...... 160, 994 22,102 9,824 7,091 19,299 ...... 316 622 79 76 1849..... 213, 733 29,490 15,511 8,072 25,209 ...... 1,068 439 Dec.' 31, 1850c 75 172 31 2.21,713 31.503 13.713 9,227 51,069 45, 615 1,617 1,306 185 728 156 1851 ...... 294,445 25,187 18,556 8,589 52,011 ...... 3,831 1.208 81 1852 ..... 344 53 303, 153 21,831 17,959 14,148 32.302 ...... 1, 517 2,600 70 299 64 1853 ...... 294,818 25,832 19.211 11,368 43,028 ...... 1,069 2,081 1854 93 209 64 327,976 27,483 15,032 13. 154 51,169 14. 487 11,133 j3, 058 242 391 82 1855 ..... 161, 490 17, 735 7,531 6,830 20,388 . 4,750 772 i 4 048 219 166 201 - 1M2)IIGRfrTS ARRIVED. Dec. 31,1056 ...... 140, 757 14, 153 0,933 0,105 18,758 5,664 382 1,562 145 66 1 1857...... 188, 243 11,331 5, 275 81 923 21,299 8,055 402 591 345 190 3 3858 85,840 '5,086 2,264 3,690 11,468 5,797 384 484 312 1859 • 62 9 86,449 8,408 3,311 3,546 8.545 4,253 350 679 .142 284 117 1860 ...... 111,461 8,807 3,426 6,709 10,663 5,817 94 1,258 175 259 6 1861 ..... 70, 063 4,365 1,634 3,725 727 7,879 ...... 51 1 1802 ..... 78, 395 2,356 1, 404 2,237 ...... 3,983 ...... -125 80 1863 ..... 151. 956 7,217 3,688 1,070 ...... 7,399 ...... 128 ...... 128 1864 ..... 174, 434 6,347 4,240 2,917 ...... 3, 185 ...... 199 ...... 427 1865 ...... 190,372 10.007 1.560 4,457 3,572 3,330 Ii 385 ...... 132 lune 30, 1866.4 120,099 4,534 1,892 3,937 1,856 1,232 15 ...... 96 ...... 1867 ..... 240, 030 11,483, 2,580 10,035 4,884 4,002 190 1,294 187 75 1868 ..... 235, 553 12,529 826 9,740 3,772 8,588 125 1,845 141 15 1869 ...... 153,754 23,294 1,061 11,202 3,424 13,490 331 709 476 76 1870 ...... 256,354 33, 028 1,016 11.827 4.784 16,949 127 1,264 1,009 ...... 70 1871 ..... 206, 205 27,024 348 9.956 4,181 8,971 29 732 684 ...... 122 1872 ..... 283, 226 26,909 154 15.979 6,005 10,359 5 763 924 ...... 186 1873 ..... 307, 314 31.676 1,108 17,097 6,304 20,917 52 1,137 1,114 ...... 360 1874...... 194, 144 24,225 5,649 9,821 4,915 15.116 ...... 572 1.272 ...... 1875...' 179 130,994 17,645 9,929 6,055 2,132 18,286 .33 335 1.279 ...... 361 1876 82,373 9,711 7,812 5,093 1,669 24.080 60 983 214 1877 72,942 7,887 6,154 3,023 - 1,801 11,255 11 53 963 ...... 402 1878 72,163 8,756 5,289 0.612 2,449 8,542 2 62.3 18.3 1879 99,224 10.364 8:266 4.713 1,814 9,253 ...... 18 820 ...... 641 1880 ..... 263, 726 84,062 21,727 17,034 2.663 7.153 4 7 996 ...... 274 1881 ..... 400. 871 41.018 34,865 40,017 3,284 12,432 2 1,278 1.441 501 1882 ..... 502. 171 58,186 36,284 41,739 3.142 32,668 5 1,351 3,033 ...... 445 1883...... 406.697 43,388 24,805 35.690 1,707 8,193 4 1,585 690 ...... 496 1084 ...... 354,702 35,036 18,98' 35.507 4,093 1,735 3 1.958,2,029 ...... 415 1885 ..... 287.223 25,600 22,482 15.928 2.325 1,118...... 964 2,289 3 •512 1086...:. 266.370 25,046 20.822 13,500 1.648 1,428 1 560 2.427 ...... 372 1887 ..... 370, 005 36,209 31,043 36, 098 2.031 1,726 7 462 4,596 1 .500 1888 ..... 418.423 44,873 37, 325 33.297 2,062 2,935 79 4,4.36 ...... 825 1889 ..... 338. 784 35,198 28, 100 29.704 '3,700 3. [27 2 4 4,545 ...... 67,3 1890 ..... 364. 086 29.813 22,658 27,178 3.878 3,606 ,. 4 22 2,482 ...... 947 1891 ...... 448,403 30.951 26,152 40.694 3,963 5,312 2 65 3,301 966. 1892 ...... -445, 987 12, 452 1 80.703 55,870 3,711 1 3,645 26 4,560 1 671 monuis 0110mg .0000niber 31, 1832. 5 Nine months on Ling September 30,1843. REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION. 35

SENGRS ARRIVJOD,IN THE UNITED STATES DUllING EACH YEAR PROM 1821 TO 1855, 1856 TO 1892, INCLUSIVE. 'PASSENGERS ARRIVED.

'• . . 0 0. 'o " •'b• bc _ 1± 62 207 ...... 358 29 ...... 188 1,039 11,644 2,517 9,127 ..... I 1 6 125 ...... 62 13 ...... 76 618 8 549 1,638 6,911 69 70 ...... 13 27 ...... 26 647 8,265 1,911 6,354 32 132 ...... 55 12 ...... 20 695 9,627 1,715 7,912 93 92 ...... 38 60 ...... 23 315 12,858 2,659 10,199 10,837 58 116 ...... 112 ' 23 ...... 17 274 13,908 3,07 19 127 ...... 27 4 ...... 184 21,777 2,902 18.875 96 ...... 974 30,184 2,802 27,382 24,513 1,993 22,620 81 . 242 ...... 53 29 ...... 1, 315 15 523 ...... 122 ...... 607 24,837 1,515 23322 33 552 ...... 18 ...... 283 23,880 1, 247 22,633 98 191 ...... 34 27 ...... 3,284 61,654 1,172 60,482 75 187 ...... 35 27 ...... 3, 041 59,925 1,285 58,640 65 200 ...... 89 64 ...... 3,323 67,948 2,583 65,365 79 33 ...... 33 6 ...... 3,552 48,716 3,342 4.5, 374 49 163 ...... 2, 027 47 ...... 2, 794 ' 80,972 4,730 76,242 42 146 ...... 89 90 ...... 9, 040 84.959 5,619 79,340 33 32 ...... 45 36 ...... 2, 524 45,159 6,20 38,914 29 11 ...... 56 30 ...... 2, 847 .-' 74,666 6,597 68,069 4.9 247 ...... 40 19 ...... 3, 155 92,207 8,141 84,066 46 25 ...... 85 41 ...... 4,594 87,805 7,916 80,289 6,415 104,565 54 8 ...... 696 56 ...... 6, 292 110,980 34 2 ...... 22 ...... 2,431 56,529 4,033 52,496 84,764 6,149 . 78,615 58 10 ...... 2,5 133 ...... 4, 197 10 ...... 122 133 ...... 4, 058 119, 890 5,525 114,371 31 ...... 123 71 ...... 5, 960 158, 649 4,233 154,416 234.968 660 ...... 1,115 55 ...... 11 5,177 239, 482 4,514 305 ...... 2, 638 67 ...... 87 5,883 229,483 2, 956 226,527 349 ...... 2, 260 71 ...... 209 3,051 299,683 2,659 297,024 17 ...... 2, 556 ' 342 ...... 371 2,986 380.904 10,924 369,980 ...... 2,424 70 ...... 510 3,539 408,828 29,362 379,466 .. j ...... 1, 142 36 ...... 397 ...... 1,825 397.343 25,740 371,603 ~ 400.982 32,337 368,645 08 11 ...... 517 80 ...... 42 2, 351 12 ...... 1, 857 61 ...... 4. 537 460. 474 32, 641 427,833 3 ...... 321 66 ...... ' 7,906 230, 476 29, 599 200, 877

IMMIGRANTS .ARIIIVED.

12 ...... 153 45 ...... 921 195,857 .' ...... 223 ...... ' 603 148 ...... 914 248,945 ...... 143 37 ...... 3,919 119,501 ...... 137 67 ...... 2,238 118,618 ...... 1,047 79 ...... 436 150.237 ...... 1,211 16 ...... 50 89,724 ...... 267 29 ...... 141 89,007 .1...... 2, 791 27 ...... 126 174,524 ...... 36 ...... 1,082 16 ...... 332 193,195 ...... 10 54 ...... 3. 590 23' ...... 15 30, 345 247,453 ...... 2 76 ...... 3, 408 ...... 26, 447 163,594 ...... 7 .... 382 .... 3,806 28 ...... 11 19,913 298,967 4 81 ..... 4,339 69 , 21 15 4,546 282,189 ...... 978 .... 4, 026 ' 13 23 4 39,901 352.168 ...... 1,575 33 3,435 8 27 ...... 10 57,045 387,203 ...... 71 534 3 41 219 ...... 5 . 34 58,213 321,350 ...... 11 664 1, 073 ....5. 385 11 ...... 14 ...... 53. 136 404.806 ...... 5 1,190 1, 877 9 4,524 133 ...... 34 64,336 459,803 ...... 2 507 547 7 2,477- 7...... 3 53,888 313,339 ...... 5 ...... 582 . .... 1,633' ...... 2 1 ..... / 38,423 227,498 ...... 0 ...... 915 13 1, 283' ...... 401. 14 7 35,348 169.986 ...... 6 ...... 1,126 13 97T ...... 29 ...... 34,315 141,857 ...... 138,469 1 ...... 1,785 9 27' ...... 6 ...... 35, 022 ...... 2 ...... 2,209 42' 1 ...... 18 ...... 40,221 177,826 ...... 457,257 9 ...... 691 53' 4 ...... 20 ...... 108, 474 ...... 3 ...... 1,427 16 15 3 ...... 4 ...... 132,254 069,431 ...... 788,992 4 ...... 7, 360 13 2,006 ' 1 1, 174 ...... 101,415 ...... 0 ...... 1,220 19 1,845 5 2,153 ...... 70, 054 603,322 ...... 3 26 3,716 2 ...... ' 1 1 62.324 018,592 ...... 6 39 866 85,921 3951146 ...... 275 314.203 ...... 0 ...... 12 13 1,058 ...... 36 15 316r 8 ...... 16 1,076 ...... 3 ...... 490,109 ...... 2 ,.,,,:l 1 3 160 ...... 34 1,532 546,880 ...... 7 ...... 4 481 ...... 1 55 444,427 ...... 6 ...... ' 9 531 1 ...... 3 80 455,302 ...... 10 379 ...... 3 123 75 560,319 ...... 1 ...... 137 1,460 48 ...... 7 320 484 579,661 ...... Fifteen months ending December 31; 1850. 0 Six months.

36 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION.

No. 9.—.STATJcMENT SNOWING TEE NUMBER AND NATIONALITIES OF IMMIGRANTS BARRED NEOM ENTERING THE UNITED STATES AND RETURNED ISURLNG THE YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1892, WITH THE TOTAL NuaIBicR SO H TURNED DURING EACH YEAR ENDING Jm\TA 30, FROM 1888 TO INCLUDE 1891.

Nationality. ber. Nationality. Number.

Austria.Hungary: Switzerland ...... 11 Bohemia...... 15 Turkey ...... 2 Hungary...... 155 Armenia ...... S Other Austria ...... 344 United Kingdom: Total...... 514 England...... 233 Belgium ...... 15 Scotland...... 36 Denmark ...... 15 Ireland ...... 232 France...... 22 Wales ...... 4 Germany...... 260 Greece...... 4 Total ...... 525 Italy...... 616 All other ...... 104 Netherlands --- ...... 20 Norway...... 19 Total returned: Poland...... 39 1802 ...... 3,732 Portugal...... 3 1891 ...... 1,026 Russia (except Poland) ...... 477 1890 ...... 535 Finland...... 24 1889 ...... 787 - Spain...... 2 1888 ...... 1,118 Sweden...... 61 I

No. 10.—STATEMENT SHOWING THE NUMBER OF IMMIGRANTS RETURNED FROM NEW Yonic AND ALL OTHER UNITED STATES PORTS, RIISI'ECTIVELY, TO I'OREIGN CouN. 'rnncs, DURING EACH YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1890, 1891, AND 1892, WITH THE REASONS FOR THEIR EXCLUSION UNDER THE U2ITED STATES IMMIGRATION LAWS.

Year ending June 30— Convicts. 1Lunatics. Idiots. Pa1mpers tr Total.

1890. From New York ...... 3 25 2 1 384 ...... 414 All other ports ...... 1 1 119 ...... 121 Total ...... 3 26 3 503 .....535 1891 From New York ...... 41 33 1 I 557 111 68 811 All other ports ...... 3 1 109 12 .... 215 Total ...... 41 36 2 756 123 68 ,026 1892. From Now York ...... 26 13 4 780 832 580 2,235 All other ports ...... 4 .... 222 o:i. 240 566

Total ...... 26 17 4 1,002 1,763 820 I 3,732 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION. 37

No. 11.-STATEMENT SHOWING, BY AGEs, TUE TOTAL NUMBER OF PASSENGERS ARRIVED IN THE UNITED STATES DURING EACH YEAR FROM 1820 TO 1867, AND OF IMMIGRANTS ONLY FROM 1868 TO 1872, INCLUSIVE; AND BY NATIONALITIES AND AGEs THE NUMBER OF IMMIGRANTS ARRIVED DURING EACH YEAR FROM 1873 TO 1890, INCLUSIVE.

BY AGES, 1820-1872.

Not stated. Total. Periods. 15 .

YearendingSept.30,1S20 ...... 1,313 6,061 1,518 1,416 10,311 3821 ...... 170 7,047 1,396 3,031 11,644 1822...... 51 5,430 856 2,112 8.549 1823...... 17 5,314 984 1,950 8,285 1824...... 94 6,550 11106 1,87-7 9,627 18 ...... 8251 9,392 1,151 490 12,858 1826 ...... 2,261 10,025 1,281 341 13.908 1827 ...... 3,905 14,089 2.148 1,635 21,777 1828 ...... 8,117 18,397 3,036 634 30,184 1829 ...... 3.686 11,603 1,764 7,460 24,513 1830 ...... 2. 878 6,347 1, 173 14,439 24,837 1831 ...... 7,040 13,598 1,863 1,379 23,880 1832 ...... 16,485 31,069 4,273 2,524 54,351 S months ending Dec. 31, 1832 ...... 1,946 3,774 425 1,158 7,303 Year ending Dec. 31, 1833 ...... 17,425 35,002 4,855 2,643 59.925 1834 ...... 15, 183 42,811 6,818 2,936 67, 948 1835 ...... 10, 035 32,412 5,431 2.38 48,716 1836 ...... 16, 665 54,738 8,141 1,428 80,972 1837...... 11,014 54, 312 8,421 6,212 84,959 1838 ...... 8,822 28,713 5,718 1,876 45.159 1839 ...... 15, 167 51.063 7,201 1,235 74,666 1840 ...... 21, 72-7 62,461 7,556 403 92,267 1841...... 19. 732 58.864 5, 590 619 17,105 1842...... 25, 516 74,499 9,709 1,256 110.980 9 months ending Sept. 30, 1843 ...... 14, 930 34,606 5, 197 1,706 111 529 Year ending Sept. 30, 1944...... 39, 913 54,745 8,655 1,451 84,764 184.5...... 26. 182 79,448 12, 059 2,207 119,896 1846 ...... 36, 818 103, 263 17, 160 1,348 158, 049 1847 ...... 57, 161 156,627 20, 800 4,894 239.482 1848 ...... 53, 213 351,148 2.3,066 2, 056 229,483 1811 1 ...... 67, 131 200,899 30,679 774 299, 083 1850...... 62, 543 181,468 26,085 45, 238 35.5, 314 3 months ending Dec. 31. 1850 ...... 13, 825 43,699 7, 621 425 65, 570 Year ending Dec. 31,1.851 ...... 241 274,359 44,072 1,156 408,828 18.52 ...... 274 246,076 43,394 17,599 397,343 1853 ...... 87, 331 267,876 44,558 3,217 400,982 3.854 ...... 100, 01,3 312,301 47,377 783 460, 474 1855 ...... 53, 045 151,440 25,355 836 230, 476 1856 ...... 42, 732 141,986 19, 905 19,873 284,496 1857 ...... 50,548 177,093 22,808 21,533 271,982 1858 ...... 25,914 102,921 15,545 526 144,906 1859 ...... 54,670 114,130 . 16, 115 614 155,509 1860 ...... 28,620 133,919 16,795 357 179,691 1881 ...... 18,878 81,535 11,221 3,088 112,702 1862...... 20, 641 80,725 12,888 209 114,463 1863 ...... 37,433 342,009 20,108 261 199,811 1864 ...... 41, 912 151,711 27,778 134 221,535 1865 ...... 46, 524 175,501 32, 190 33,184 287,399 months ending June 10, 1866 ...... 27,.. 011. 112,692 18, 034 28,155 185,892 ear ending June 30, 1867 ...... 65, 335 236,017. 40,810 ...... 342, 162 1868 ...... 57,637 188,359 36,193 ...... 282,189 1889 ...... 79, 803 232,397 40,568 ...... 352, 708 3870 ...... 89,129 250,065 47,109 ...... 387,203 1871 ...... 71,140 230, 366 39,836 ...... 321, 350 1872...... 90, 510 263,213 51,083 ...... 404, 806

ora.-The slight difTere,ices between this table and table No. 24, for the years 1856 to 1865, are due the fact that this table mel ides the number of deaths on the royage, whieh could not be separated to ages. 38 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION.

No. 11.-NUMBER OF PASSENGERS ARRIVED IN THE UNITED STATES, ETC.-COnt'd.

BYI7ATIONALITIES AND AGES, 1873-3890.

England. Scotland.- Year ending June - June 30- Under From Over T Under From Over 15 years. 15 to 40. 40 years. 15-years. 15 to 40. 40 years. T t

1873 ...... 17, 323 47,327 10,151 74,801 2,005 8, 319 2,527 13,841 1874 ...... 11,34.3 31, 846 . 7,716 50, 905 2,177 6,178 2,074 10,429 1875 ...... 8,382 25,888 5,860 4,0, 130 1,572 4,446 1,292 7,310 1876 ...... 4;422 16,164 - 8,781 24,575 823 2,930 829 4,582 1877 ...... 3,172 - 12,680 3,309 19,161 565 2,835 735 4,135 1878 ...... 3,449 11,829 3,127 '18,405 629 2,131 - 742 3,502 1879 ...... 4,586 35,908 3,688 24,183 1,027 - 3,195 803 5,225 1880...... 33,464 39,691 6,299 P69, 454 2,778 8,564 1 208 12,640 i881 ...... 16,403 41,361 7,413 65,177 3,733 94867 1,568 . 15,168 1882 ...... 20, 359 53,106 8,929 82,394 4,475 12,646 1,816 . 18,937 1883 ...... 16,345 40,404 6,301 63, 340 31 275 7,322 1,282 11,859 1884...... , 14,308 35,51.7 I 6,093 55,018 2,547 5,573 940 9,060 1885 ...... 11,638 29,953 5,721 47, 332 ' 2,281 5,952 993 9,226 1886...... 10,173 '33, 784 5,810 49,767 2,608 8,168 1,350 12,120 1887 ...... 15,747 40,247 7,861. 72, 855 4,307 12,103 1,899 18,699 1888 ...... 18,787 54, 670 9,117 82, 574 5,618 16 291 2,548 24,457 1889 ...... 16,303 44,048 8,352 68,503 4,799 13, 541 1,950 18,296 3890 ...... 1.1,472 38,173 . 7,375 57. ,020 2,659 7,856 3,526 12,041 Total ...... 217,462 621,636 116,994 ' 956,092 48,758 136,617 . 26,158 211, 533

Ireland. " Wales. - Year ending Juo 30- Under From Over Under From Over T'°'° i ' 15 years. 35t40. 40yoars. - l5yeara. 15to40. 4Oyeflrs. T t aI .

1873...... 13,586 56,596 7,162 77,344 - 262 509 69 840 1874 --- ...... 9,587 38,091 5,120 53,707. 209 375 83 665 1875 ...... 6,713 26,905 4,255 37,957 . 105 273 73 440 1876 ...... 2,881 ' 14,376 2,318 10,575 60 . 216 39 324 1877 ...... 2,041 10,562 1,966 1,4,565 83 161 37 281 1878 ...... 1,054. 11,901 2,017 35,932 69 125 49 243 187) ...... 2,683 15,265, 2,065 20,033 330 354 70 '543 1800...... 8,996 57,907 ' 4,700 ' 71,603 392 732 309 3,175 1881 ...... 9,965 57,817 4,560 72,342 263 - 663 103 - 1,027 1882 ...... 10,701 01,287 4,444 76,432 439 .1,121 96 1,656 1883 ...... 15,371 59,681 6,434 81,486 475 \ 974 148 1,597 1884 ...... 11, 549 46,065 5,730 63,344 302 530 80 , 901 1885...... 7,734 39,751 4,530 - 59,795 ' 346 - 643 138 1,127 6,419 39,369 3,831 40,619 234 694 99 1,027 1886 ------..... 7,882 55,665 4,813 68,370 350 1,311 150 3,820 18871888.. ...... 8, 570 59,882 5, 055 73,513 385 1. 168 103 1,654 [889...... 7,883 52,778 4,896 65,557 323 • 743 107 - '1,181 1090...... 6,218 42,794 4,032 • 53,024 381 405 64 650 Total ...... 140,769 747, 712 . 77,701 966,182 ' 4,552 10, 982 1,624 17,158

Great Britain, not specified. Total Great Britain and Ireland. Year ending June 30- - Under From Over Total• Under From I Over 15 years. 15 to 40.. 40 years. ' 15 years. 15to40. 40 years. - 'Total

1873 ...... ' 5 121 17 34,171 112,763 10,909 366,843 1874...... 7 12 3 22 23, 12,3 77,402 .15,003 116,728 1875...... 11 4 15 16,792 57, 581 11,488 851 861 L876...... 1 - 9 2 12 8,202 3.3, 695 0,009 48,866 1877...... 3 1 4 5,861 26,241 6,048 381 150 1878...... 6,301 -26.046 5,935 38,082 1879 ...... - 1 2 .3 8,407 34; 924 6,636 49,967 1880...... 2 - 4 6 25,572 106,888 12,406 144,876 [881 ...... 4 ...... • 4 301 362 109,712 13, 644 153, 718 L882...... 8 1 4 35.974 128. 163 35,286 179,423 083...... 4 ...... 10 35,470 108,387 14,235 158.092 884...... 48 962 1 - 71 28,754 87,696 12,844 '129, 294 885...... 11 14 3 28 21,990 .76.353- 11,165 109,508 L886...... 3 6 0 19.437 82. 02-1 11:090 112,548 887...... 4 ...... 4 . 28,195 118.830 14,723 ,361, 742, 888...... 5 ...... 5 33,366 112,014 16,823 182,203 089...... 2 7 3 12 29,118 .109.117 15. 314 158,549 8911...... 2 - 17 19 20,532 89.245 12.977 122,754 - Total . 86' 141 18 245 411, 627' 1,5171 088 222,495 1.2, 151, 210 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF -'IMMIGRATION. 39

No. 11.-Nuoiioijc OF PASSENGERS ARRIVED IN THE UNITED STATES, )ITC.-COflt'd. BY 77ATLONALITS AND AGES, 1873-1890-Continued.

.Austrii-Uungary.

Year ending June Thangnry. Other Austria. 30- - Under From Over T ti Under l'rom Over T tal 15 years. 1554 40. 40 years. ' 15 years. 1.15 to 40. 40 years.

1871 ...... - --- 378 ,' 001 173 '1,047 1,774 3,234 757 5,765 1874 ...... ------251 585 126 962 2,672 4,007 1,209 7,888 1875------208 404 704 - - 770 2,135 3,804 940 6,882 1876 ...... - -- 027 4.37 66 630 1,788 8,052 806 5640 1877 ...... ------94 238 41 879, 1,590 2,718 - 720 5,023 1878 ...... --- 174 - 405 67 • 648 1,017 2,550 637 4,504 1879 ...... - -- 172 400 (3d 632 1,588 3,012 701 5,301 1880--- ..... -...... ------1,020 2,896 447 4,363 3,807 ,473- 1, 12,904 1881 ------1,681 4,401 744 6, 826 '6,728 11,843 2,538 21,109 1882 ...... - - 1,466 6,483 980 8,020 5,693 12,049 2,479 20,221 1883 ...... - - 7,660 8,208 1,072 11,240 4,449 9,017 2,025 16,885 1884 ...... - - 2,168 ii, 060, 1,570 14, 798 5,644 13,483 2,646 21,770 1885------1,822 6,778 783 9,883 - 4,818 10,892 2,236 17,926 1886------1,679 0,483 1,258 12,420 - 3,559 , 10,847 3,854 16,260 - 2, 379 11,502 1,375 15,256 5,069 17,403 2,537 25,009 18871888 ------...... - 1,622 12,054 - 1.224 •15,800 4,308 22,956 2,747 30,011 1889------1, 609 - 8, 141 1,217 10,967 4,406 16, 088 2,683 23,207 1 3890------2,690 16,625 2,738 22,062 5,316 24, 437 '4,384 34,187 - Total -. -21,234 101, 831 14, 345 107, 410 66,771 179,754 33,456 279,991

- llelgimn. ' - - Denmark. - Year ending June, 30- ' Under From Over i Under From Over -To t aI 15 years. 15 to 40. 40 years. .°°ET t 15 years. lSto4O. 40 years.

1873 ...... - ---- 206 857 113 1,176 968 3,400 563 - 4,931 1574 ...... - ---- 170 537 110 817 744 1,031 407 3,082 1875 ...... -' / 70 474' 71 / • 615 ' 641 1,638 377 - 2,656 1876 ...... ------58 382 75 515 325 1,030 192 3,547 1877 ...... ------44 380 , 64 488 -327 1,165 203 1,695 1878 ...... ------89 206 59 354 ' 490 1,325 / 290 2,105 1879 ...... --- 103 345 64 . - 512 724 2,356 3.94 3,474 1800 ...... - --- -.312 770 ' 150 1,232 1,348 4,675 553 6,570 1881 .... - ...... ------434 1,132 200 1,766 - 2,185 6,164 768 9,117 1882 ...... - -- 401 . 858 172 3,491 , 2,458 - 8,113 12 047 11,618 1883 ...... - -- 349 ' 893 208 1,450 2,327 6,911 - 1,081 30,319 1894 ...... - -- 377 930 263 1; 576 2,167 6, 140 855 9,202 1885 ...... - -- 475 957 321 1.653 1,354 4,114 602 6,100 1886 ...... - -- 300 816 184 1.300 1,037 4,562 566 6,225 1887. ------705 1,510 118 2,553 1.415 6,455 654 8,524 --. 8,962 1808--- ...... 933 957 325 " 31 215 1,253 7,024 685 1889 ..... -...... -650 1,5:39 373 21 562 1,569 ' 5.419 711 8,699 1890...... 079 . 1.646 346 2,671 1,657 1 6,897 812 9,366 Total ...... 6,355 16,195 3,336 25,886 23,049 80,319 10,830 114,198

France. Germany. Year endIng June 30- tInder From Over Under From Over Ta I - 15 years. 15 to 40. 40 years. T°l- - '15 years. 15 to 40. 40 years. 1873 ...... 2,379 9, 591 2,828 14, 798 88,157 92,161 19,353 149,671 187-I...... 1,410 6,254 1,999 9,643 21,582 62,340 13, 369 87,291 1875...... 989 6,158 1., 174 8,321 10,985 29,934 6,850 47,769 1070...... 679 ' 6,307 3,016 8,002 61 702 20,699, 4,536 31,937 1877 ...... 647 41 380 029 ' 5,856 6,244 19,099 1,955 29,298 1878...... 588 3,042 - 529 4, 159 6,260 19,023 - 4, 007 29,313 1879...... 669 12 .' 844 4,655 . 7,236 23,209 4,157 - 34,602 1680...... 714 946 ,653 313 18,793 57,236 8,609 84,606 1881 ...... 847 3. 631 749 5,227 58,781 131, 211 20,490 210,425 18S2...... 962 4,172' 869 6,000' 70,591 153,079- 26,960 250,680 1883...... 705 3,412 704 4.821 53,621' 118,962 22,203 194,786 188-I ...... 2,625 498 3,608 49,267 109,317 21,092 179,676 1885...... 423 2, 497 573 3,493 34. 054 74,841 15,548 • 124,443 1886...... 476 2,392 450 3,318 21,012 53.186 10,205 84,403 1837...... 742 - 3.582 710 5,024 20,226 68,027 12,612 106,865 1888...... 867 4,831 '756 6,454 25,139 '74, 126 10,452 109,717 18S9 .. 1,028 4,027 063 5,918 25,232 62,731 11,575 99,538 23,011 58,522 10,894 92,427 1890...... ---- . ------919 41 491 . 1,155 0,585 Total ...... 15,549 77,460 - 17,199 110,208 502,916 1,217,703 226,870 ,1,947,489 11 40 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION.

No. 11.-Nummiz OF PASSIONGIORS AIORIVED IN THE UNITED STATES, ETC.-COnt'd.

8Y NATIONALITIES AND A GES, 1873-1 890-Continued.

Italy. Netherlands. Year ending June 30- Under From Over lot Under From Over 15 years. 15 to 40. 40 years. 15 years. 15 to 40. 40 years. F° t

1873...... 1,475 5,002 1,380 8,757 1,291 1,937 583 3,811 1874...... --- 1,052 5,400 ],.208 7,080 850 1,224 864 2,444 1875...... 579 2,527 525 3,03]. 351 712 174 1.237 1876...... 477 2,136 402 3,015 220 464 171 855 1877 ...... 569 2,195 431 8,195 120 350 112 591 1878...... 866 2,871 607 4,844 142 336 130 608 1879 ...... 1,045 3,90] • 845 5.791 223 875 155 753 1880...... 2,545 7,982 1,827 12,354 1,211 1,611 498 3,340 1881 ...... 2,676 10, 634 2,111 15.401, 3,097 4.324 1,176 81 597 1882 ...... 2,930 24,457 4,772 32,159 3,260 4,870 1,387 9,517 1883 ...... 2,528 24,441 4,823 81,792 8.750 21 752 707 51 249 1884...... 2, 846 83,448 2,216 16, 510 1,376 2:201 621 4.158 8885...... 2,744 9,254 1644 13,642 842 1.458 389 2,689 1886 ...... 3,732 14,839 2,744 21,315 069 8,301 344 21 384 1887...... 7,444 33.356 6,822 47,622 1,461 2,474 571 4.509 8888 ...... 8,398 34,247 8,913 51,558 . 1,589 3,799 457 5845 1889 ...... ---- 5,006 10237 4,064 25,307 2,400 3,175 885 0,400 1890...... 8, 759 33, 582 9, 602 52, 003 1, 275 2.455 506 4, 326 Total ...... 55, 671 245,395 54,496 156, 092 22,193 35,827 9,320 67,340

Norway. - Portugal. Year ending June 30- Under From Over Iiider From Over 15 years. 15to40. 40 years. F o a . 15 years. 15 to 40. 40 years. T.0 t -a1

1873 ...... 3,846 7,583 4,818 16,247 3 17 4 24 1874 ...... 1,749 5,444 3,191 10,384 12 :10 9 60 1875 ...... 1,216 4,232 665 6.098 11.6 548 99 763 1876...... 758 3,838 537 5,178 41 362 08 471 1877...... 838 3,321 420 4,588 119 1, 183 59 1,291 1878...... ,079 3,114 306 4,759 62 577 21. 660 1879 ...... 1,462 5,212 671 7,345 43 312 37 302 1880 ...... 3,788 34,857 3,257 19,895 40 178 ' 34. 260 1881...... 5,209 15,793 3.613 22,705 34 108 29 171 1882 ...... 6,775 19,653 2:673 29,101 3 30 9 42 1883 ...... 6,367 14,275 2,706 23,398 8 161 7 176 1884 ...... 4,361 101 899 1,914 16.974 .91 530 80 701 1885 ...... 2,836 8:258 1,262 12,356 44 331 65 440 1886 ...... 2,590 8,655 3,514 12,759 21 109 18 238 1887 ...... 2,656 12,202 1.411 16,260 10 78 22 110 1888 ...... 2,127 14, 856 1,281 18,264 3 17 3 23 1889 ...... 2,402 766 9, 1,2229 13,1 0 8 49 5 57 1890 ...... --- ..2,083 8,291 . 996 11370 12 133 13 158 Total ...... 52,065 i0, 229 28,776 251.070 673 4,782 582 6,037

Russia., including Poland. Spain. Year ending June From 30- Under From Over Under Over Total 15 years. 15 to 40. 40 years. T t i ' 15 years. j 15 to 40. 40 years.

1873 ...... 1,447 2,955 570 4,972 65 403 73 541 1874...... 1,794 3,020 1,054 5,888 75 329 81 485 ...... 3,838 3,908 1,150 8.981 72 408 121 601 1875 ------. 2,137 2,786 797 5,700 73 330 135 518 1876. ------...... 2,624 3,608 900 7132 75 439 151 665 1877 ---- . --- . ------1,156 1 1 993 448 3,595 41 314 102 457 1878 ------. --- ...... 1,912 2:891 639 4.942 54 314 89 457 3879 ...... 1,887 4.563 741 7,191 41 279 69 389 1880. ------...... 2,922 6,644 1,087 10.665 59 846 79 484 3881 ...... --- . 5,170 14,686 1,734 23,590 26 283 69 378 1882 ------. 3,180 7,674 1,066 11.920 24 190 48 262 1883 ...... 3,750 11,78.3. 3 1 694' 17,225 31 233 86 300 1884 ------...... 5,674 12,662 1,907 20,243 36 262 52 350 1885 ...... 5,404 14,370 1,965 21,739 46 245 53 .344 1886 ------. ------. 8, 929 24,577 2,888 36,894 64 314 58 436 1887...... 8:714 27186 8.413 39,313 42 430 54 526 18881889...... ------10, 071 24, 859 3,908 38,838 62 377 87 526 4.745 46,671 110 552 151 813 1890 ...... 11,613 30,813 T. Total ...... 82,202 200, 061 31, 208 313, 469 996 6,048 3,488 8,532 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION. . 41

No. 11.-NUSIBEic OF PAssicNGElcs ARaIvED IN TilE UNiTED 'I'AT38S, ETC.-C011t'd. BY IArIoNALiTrEs AND AGES, 1873-1890-Continued.

Sweden. Switzerland. Year ending June -- Ov er 30- Under From Over ot a Under From T t a1 15 years. 15 to 40. 40 'ears. years. 15 to 40. 40 years.

1873 ...... 3, 082 8,998 2,233 14.303 624 2, 142 341 3,107 874 ...... 1,421 3.543 - 748. 5,712 632 2,030 431 3,093 1875 ...... 1,260 3,526 787 5,571 344 1,232 238 1,814 1876 ...... 1, 169 3,733 . 701 5,603 231 1,110 208 1,549 1877 ...... 1, 078 275 638 4,991 310 1,169 207 1,080 1878 ...... 1,057 3,675 658 5,390 290 1,310 208 1,808 1879 ...... 1, 915 7,935 1. 151 11,001 588 2, 175 398 3.161 1880...... 6, 488 29,400 3,298 39,186 1,309 4,193 654 6,156 1881 ...... 9,702 36,092 3,968 49,760 2,635 7,564 1,094 11,293 1882...... 1,786 47,100 5,721 64,607 2,365 7,301 1,178 30,844 1883 ...... 8,757 25,553 3,987 38,277 3.179 8,137 1,455 12,751 [884 ...... 5,682 18,186 2,724 26,552 2:271 5,998 1,117 9,386 1885...... 4, 512 15,488 2,248 22,248 1 1 246 3, 914 735 5,895 ..4,389 21,213 2,348 27.751 950 3,307 548 4,805 18861887 ...... ------5,892 33. 739 . 3,205 42,836 1,004 3,027 583 5,214 1888...... 6,044 45,223 3,433 54,698 3,013 6,065 659 7,737 1889 ...... 5,769 26,599 9,047 35, 415 1,214 5,105 751 7,070 1890 ...... 4, 045 22,788 • 2,199 29,632 1, 296 979 718 6,993

Total ...... 81,428 356,036 43. 071 483,535 21,501 713381 11,523 1 104,362

All ether Europe. Total Europe. Year ending Jun. -- Under From Over .30- Under From Over T t I T° tel lsyears. 15to40. 40years. ' lsyenrs. 154440. 40yeara.

1873...... 21 50 16 87 89.882 252,184 53,714 306,380 1874...... 13 79 17 . 109 57,756 364,180 39,326 261,232 3875...... 8 48 6 62 39,634 337,229 24.772 381,635 1876...... 32 59 11 76 23,019 80,414 16,670 320,103 3877...... 14 48 8 70 20.554 69,743 14,795 105,092 1878...... 9 . 34 5 48 19,744 66, 819 14,289 100, 832 1879...... 6 41 8 55 261 147 90,044 16,879 333,070 1880...... 16 51 7 74 68,992 246,008 321 747 347, 747 1881...... 36 87 24 127 127.458 349, 668 , 50,315 527, 441 1882...... 29 208 34 271 149,889 4311 605 65,370 648, 764 1883...... 71 ' 141 24 236 124,485 339,988 56,681 521,154 1884...... 84 304 . 45 433 109,334 292,817 50,255 452,206 1885 ...... 281 712 126 1,319 83,151 228,771 39,566 351.488 3886...... 178 545 60 789 65,339 227,981 35,208 328,528 3887...... 661 1,608 306 2,577 92,854 319,284 49,315 481.453 3888...... 137 , 1,650 233, 2,198 95,755 389,335 51,434 536, 524 1889...... 348 815 1 53 1,116 90,917 295,044 46,858 482,819 1890...... 276 871 ' 110 1,257 84,902 3051 827 52,496 443,225 Total ...... 2, 382 7,345 1,177 10,904 1, 369, 612 4,887,411 710, 670 6,8671 693 j

British America.. Central America. Year ending Tune - From Over Under From Over 30- Under T ' T0 tal 15 years. 15 to 40. 40 years. ' 15 years. 15 to 40. 40 years.

1871 ...... 11,627 15,118 11,126 37,871 ' 8 26 4 38 1874 ...... 3,837 19,729 9,394 32,960 3 9 2 14 3875 ...... 2.367 19,078 2,806 24,051 15 ...... 15 1870 ...... 2,203 17,587 2,681 22,471 4 9 2 15 1877 ...... 2,010 18,099 2,007 22,116 7 7 1878 ...... 3,266 19,157 3,145 25,568 .9 34 13 50 1879 ...... 7,039 21,520 2,709 31,268 6 3 9 1880 ...... 37, 034 73,873 8,799 99,706 F 26 11 44 1881 ...... 24,557 90,718 10,136 325,391 21 8 29 3882 ...... 18, 976 69,331 9,088 98,295 5 10 5 20 1883 ...... 18, 575 40,032 11, 634 70,241 7 2 9 1884...... 13, 479 38,665 8,440 60,584 ...... 34 9 29 1885 ...... 8,737 24, 983 4,571, 38,291 1 19 4 24 1886...... (a) (a) (a) (a) 32 32 1887 ...... (a.) (a) (a) (a) 2 15 6 23 1888...... (a) (a) (a) (a) 6 50 11 67 1889...... (a) (a) (a) (a) 16 62 10 , 88 1890...... (a.) (a.) (a) (a) 20 90 - 37 - 147 Total ...... 133, 50-7 407,890 87,416 688, 813 75 452 127 654

a Immigrants from the British North American Possessions are not included in returns since July 1,3885.

42 REPORT ' OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION.

No. 11.-NUIsBER OF PASSENGERS ARRIVED IN THE UNITED STATES, JoTC.-Cont'd.

BY NATIONALITIE AND AGES, 1873-1890-Continued1 -

Mexico. West Indies. Year ending June 30- Under From Over Under From Over 15 years. 15 to 40. 40 years. ° 15 years. 15 to 40. 40 years. T0 tel

1873...... 72 447 87 006 247 )1, 100 290 1,637 1874...... 20 307 53 386 345 1,144 288 1,777 1875...... 77 478 .55 010 898 1,061 . 201 1,700 1876...... 87 ' 483 61 631 257 911 214 1,382 1877...... 47 350 48 445 273 855 262 . 1,390 1878...... 53 338 74 465 206 630 183, 1,019 1879...... 54 436 66 556 216 '696 211 1,123 1880...... 45 380 67 402 220 914 217 1,351 1881...... 41 245 . 35 . 325 294 1,117i 269 1,680 1882...... 41 , 265 60 - 366 244 827 220 1,291 1883...... 44 356 69 469 121 .624 168 903 1884...... 46 318 06 430 417 . 1,396 395 . 2,208 1885...... 29 246 48 323 564 1,483 430 2,477 1886...... (a) (a) (a) () . 493 1,820 421 2,784 1887...... (a) (a.) (a) (a) 906' 3,403 567 4,876 1888 ...... '(a) (a.) (a) (a) 830 3,457 593 4,880 1889...... () (a) , (a) (a) 849 3,506 568 4,923 1890...... (a) (a) (a) (a) 533 2,107 430 3;070 Tots) 662 4,649 793 6,104 7,413 27, 051 •6, 047 40, 511

South America. - China. Year ending Tune 30- Under From Over Under From . Over 15 years. 15 to 40. 40 years 0,5. 15 years. 15to40. 40 years.

1873...... 11 129 2) 163 2,431 16573 1,288 20,292 1874...... 11 308 2' 144 1,212 12,026 518 11,776 1875...... 38 96 112 1,538 14,486 351 16437 1876...... 22 113 21 153 1,562 20,327 , 492 22,781 ....15 . 59 13 87 600 9,600 185 10,594 1878...... 41877------. 66 18 88 854 ' 7,783 355 8,992 1879...... ..6 48 5 69 807 8,434 161 9,604 1880...... 25 - 49 14 88 447 5,034 321 5,802 14 85 11 110 756 10,691 441 11,890 1882...... 161881... ------...' 09 € 91 1,477 16,720 1,373 39,579 1881...... 17 55 5 77 256 71 559 216 8,031 1884...... 15 ' 42 8 65 17 242 20 279 1885...... 3 38 3 44 4 16 2 22 3886...... 20 193 24 ,240 0 ' 24 7 40 1887 ...... 37 286 43 366 10 10 1888...... 30 823 07 440 26 26' 18S9...... - 38 335 54 427 12 . .104 2 418 1890...... 89 319 80 438 103 1453 160 1,716 ..,360 2,413 458 3,231 12,554 151, 117 6. 318 169, 989 Total ...... 1 1

All ether Asia. ' Africa. Year ending June 30- Under From Over Under From Over 15 years. 15 to 40. 40 years. To t'l' 15 years. 15 to 40. 40 years. N

...... 14 21 7 42 6 13 3 22 1874:1873 ------...... ------6 47 9 62 32 1 13 1875...... 0 49 ' 13 68 12 14 9 35 1876...... 58 80 24 162 4 28 9 41 1877...... 26 5 46 5 10 1 ' 16 1878...... 8 . 14 22 3 6 1 12 1879...... 9 - 36 11 56 3 11 3 17 1880...... 9 • 26 2 37 1 17 3 21, 1881...... 32 70 10 ,92 7 16 2 25 1882...... 8 38 4 50 5 22 - 5 32 1883...... 7 69 6 82 12 38 6 56 1884 ...... 31 177 23 231 2 II .33 1885...... 14 153 9 . 176 '8 33 5 44 .1886...... 9 262 6 277 4 48 4 56 1887...... 28 556 21 605 4 18 4 26 1888...... 48 719 50 817 5 30 7 42 1889...... 96 1,403 308 ' ' 1,607 12 66 3 81 1890...... 178 2,371 183 '2,732 4 49 , 9 62 Total 556 6,117 4917,164 97 442 75 614

- a Inamigr'ants from Mexico are not included iii returns since July 1, 1885. REPORI' . THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION. 43

No. 11.-NurIBER OF PASSENGERS A.RRIVED IN THE UNITED TATES, ETC.-COflt'd. ' BY NATIONALITPES AND AGIt3S, 1873-1890-Continued.

All other countries. Total. - Year ending June - - 30- Under From Over Under From Over F° 1 'F0 t a1 / 15 years. 15 to 40 40 years 15 years. 15 to 4.0. 40years.

1873...... 174 2.661 . 317 2,752 104, 672 288,272 66,859 459,803 1874 ...... - 382 2,102 285 ,2, 969 63,578 199,840 '49, 921 313,339 1815...... 344 2, 121 266 2,731 44,254 154,621 28,623 227,498 1876...... 259 '1,782 203 2, 244 - 27,875 121.714 20,377 169,986 1877...... 226 1,617 221 2,064 21,754 100,366 17,737 141; 857 1878. ...... 144 '1,091 186 1,421 24,285 95,938 38,246 138, 469 1879 ...... 263 1,500 291 2,954 34,554. 122,731 20,541 17, 826 1880 ...... 374 1,335 260 1, 069 87,154 327,662 42,441 457, 257 1881 ...... 341 1,864 - 243 - 2,448 153,480 454,495 61,456 660,411 1882...... 360 1,881 263 2, 501 171,021 540,677 77,294 788,992 1883...... 348 1,678 274 2,300 143,865 390, 406 69,051 603.322 1884...... 421 1,890 242 2,553 121,562 335,572 59,458 518,592 1885...... 369 1,809 279 2,457 92,880 257,551 44,965 395,346 1886...... 305 1,758 . 227 2,290 - 66,188 232,118 35,897 334,263 1887 ...... 447 2,003 300 2,750 94,278 345,575 50,256 490,109 1888...... 613 , 8,050 430 4,051; 97,287 396, 980 52, 612 546, 889 1889...... 594 3,315 455 4, 364 92, 534 303, 835 48, 058 444,427 1800.'...... 625 2,838 - 449 3, 912 86, 404 315, 054 53,844 455,302 Total ...... 6,789 35,895 5,191 47,875 1,531,625 4,983,417 817, 56 7,332,646

No. 11.-RECAPITULATION, BY COUNTRIES, SHOWING nut Nur'rER A. PER CENT OP IMIIIG11ANTS ARRIVED IN THE UNITED STATES P11088 FOIOEIGN COUNTRIES DURING THE EIGHTEEN YEARS FROM 1873 TO 1890, INcLUSiVE.

Under 15 years. . From 15 to 40. Over 40 ytrs.

00 00 00 00 Countries. - .. .- , Total. .- I 0 eQ 0 5 O9 '5 O0 0 - 0

England and Wales 222,014 14.50 22.8 632,618 12.70 65.0 118618 14.51 12.2 973,250 Scotland ...... 48,758 3.18 23.0 336, 617 2.74 64.6 26,358 3.20 12.4 211,533 Ireland ...... - 140,769 9.19 14.6 747,712 35.00 77.4 77,701 9.50 8.0 966,182 IreatBritainnot I . - specified ...... 86 .006 35.1 141 . 57.6 18 .. 7.3 .245 Tot-al Great ]lrit- sin and Ireland 411,627 -26.88 10.1 1,517,088 30.44 70.5 222,495 27.21 10.4 2,151,210 A.uatriallungary: Hungary ...... 21,234 4 1.18 15.4 101,811 2.04 74.2 14,345 1.76 10.4 137,410 Ut-her Austria . . . 66,771 '4.36 23.9 179, 754 3.61 64.2 33,456 4.09 11.9 279,081 Belgium ...... 6. 355 .42 24.5 16,195 .8.3 62.6 3,336 .41 32.9 25,886 Denmark ...... 21, 049 1.50 20.2 , 80,319 1.61 70.3 10,830 1.32 9.5 114, 198 France ...... 15, 549 1.02 '14.1 77,460 1.55 70.3 17; 199 2.10 15.6 11,0, 208 7-ermaimy ...... 502,016 32.84 25.8 1,217,703 24.44 62.5 226,870 27.75 114 1,947,489 [ta.iv...... 55,671 3.63 15.0 245,395 4.92 69.0 54,996 6.73 15.4 356,062 Petherltmds ...... 22,193 1.45 32.8 $35, 827 .72' 53.4 9,320 1.14 13.8 07,341 Norway ...... ...... 52,065 3.40 20.7 170,229 3.42 67.9 28,776 3.52 11.4 251,070 Portugal ...... 673 .04 11.1 4,782 .10 70.3 582 .07 "9.6 6,037 Ruesiaand Poland 82, 202 5.16 26.2 200,061 4.02 63.8 31,206 3.82 10.0 313,489 Spain ...... ' 950 .07 11.7 6,048 .12 70.9 '1,488 - .18 17.4 8,513 Sweden ...... ,84,428 5.51 17.5 356,036 7.14 73.6 41,071 5.27 8.9' 483,535 Switzerland ...... 21,501 1.40 20.6 71,338 1.43 68.4 11; 523 1.41 11.0 104,362 All ether Europe 2,382 . 16' 21.8 7,345 .15 67.4 1,177 .14 10.8 10,904

Total Europe - . ..1,369,612 80.42 21.5 4,287,411 86.04 67.3 710, 670 80.92 11.2 6,167,693 British America ...... 133, 507 8.72 19.4 467,890 9.30 67.9 87,416 10.69 12.7 -688, 813 Central Ami.erica 75 .005 11.5 - 452 .01 69.1 127 01 19.4 654 Mexico ...... 662 .04 10.8 4,649 .09 76.2 793 . .10 13.0 6,104 West Indies ...... 7, 413 .48 18.3 27,051 .54 66.8 6,047 .74 14.9 40,511 Sonth America 300 .02 11. 1 2,413 .05 .74.7 458 .06 14.2 ' 8, 231 China ...... 12, 554 .82 7.4 151,117 3.03 88.9 6,318 .77 3.7 169, 989 All other Asia 556 .0 7.8 6,117 .12 85.1 - 491 .06 6.9 7,184 Africa ...... , 97 .006 15.8 442 ' .01 72.0 75 .01 12.2 614 All ether countries 6,789 .44 14,2 35,895 .72 75.0 5,191 .64 10.8 47,875 Total ...... 1, 531, 625 100 20.9 911,437 100 68.0 817, 586 100 11.1 7,332,648 ' Nova-Immigrants from the British North Anmerican Possessions and Meco not includ45 sian July 1, 1885. No. 12.—STAT]ISIENT SHOWING THE PRINCIPAL OCCUPATIONS OF THE IMMIGRANTS 01?, THE SicvEIw. NATIONALITIES ARRIVED IN THE UNITED STATES DURING EACH YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, I'ii0M 1875 to 1890, INCLUSIVE.

Principal occupations and nationalities 1875. 1876. 1877. 1878. 1879. 1880. 1881. 1882. 1881? 1884. 1885. 1886. 1887. 1888. 1889. 1890. 84 Principal profe8siancc( occupations. 0 Clergymen Bolgiani ...... 7 6 4 3 4 1 2 6 2 5 5 7 12 11 9 12 France...... 52 41 53 0 44 63 18 60 54 28 19 12 10 - 9 12 . 19 31 Germany ...... 58 133 1.02 69 50 37 45 47 54 47 59 47 41 45 48 57 England ...... 77 51 66 49 48 71 65 117 60 55 70 93 63 120 108 161 ...... 14 23 8 14 14 19 33 18 8 17 13 13 15 18 23 26 ScotlandIreland ------...... 69 79 61 65 88 70 61 60 63 381 42 40 65 58 70 78 Italy...... 9 7 8 12 10 1 13 16 4 11 6 7 4 7 2 18 84 Sweden and Norway...... 5 13 7 2 10 8 6 17 6 1 7 18 10 12 13 19 Russia and Poland ...... 3 1 6 3 6 1 5 2 5 2 8 10 6 27 5 9 British Eorth America ...... 51 30 13 19 19 25 44 47 35 17 16 (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) Other cOuntries ...... 21 31 34 30 18 16 42 36 30 r 14 21 29 49 49 48 80 84, 84 Total...... 366 417 373 310 320 269 387 418 100 I 231 250 269 274 408 318 491 Musicians Austria-B ungary ...... 27 16 12 33 11 66 24 93 . 20 68 20 19 56 47 49 67 84 Demnark ...... 4 2 1 2 2 5 2 3 6 4 7 9 10 57 France...... 9 20 41 11 5 2 9 11 7 2 7 3 0 56 16 . 14 Germany ...... 159 151 110 187 124 150 233 236 172 . 306 283 194 460 328 368 229 .84 Groat Britain and Ireland ...... 33 47 16 27 10 52 P7 34 17 41 28 44 46 51 60 84 Italy...... 120 135 100 104 134 42 93 129 64 105 43 77 73 57 58 106 Russia and Poland...... 4 1 4 '3 4 3 1 13 3 7 17 10 12 11 22 18 Spain...... 6 2 0 1 4 1 3 ...... - 1 2 2 4 4 Sweden and Norway...... 30 1 8 8 7 4 17 8 7 6 4 5 .4 10 13 5 7 Switcerlaud...... 2 4 2 5 5 13. 6 8 5 2 2' 3 8 4 4 British North America ...... 17 8 1 4 18 47 3 4 2 2 1 (a) (a) (cc) (a) Other countries...... (a) 18 15 21 18 14 13 11 7 12 - 0 - 8 13 11 17 14 28 Total...... 500 421 320 306 341 399 430 543 334 555 377 367 6S9 599 038 578 Physicians and surgeons 84 Austria. Hungary------5 14 4 8 6 7 6 3 3 5 7 6 .15 16 3 9 i-I - Denmark ...... 2 4 ...... 2 1' 5 1 ...... 5. 1 3 5 3 France...... 14 18 7 7 12 3 9 20 9 8 11 5 2 2 7 14 0 Germany ...... 43 53- 28 23 30 71 46 61 49 43 28 43 30 54 31 36 Great Britain and Ireland ...... 60 58 42 28 45 64 53 69 30 52 54 56 88 160 114 128 Italy...... 1 2 1 4 4 10 8 5 6 5 4 6 2 7 . 7 Netherlands ...... 3 1 1. 1 1 2. 1 2 8 3 1' 4 4 2 Sweden and Norway...... 2 1 3 1 5 1 7 7 8 6 6 4 17 5. 6 Switzerland...... 2 9 . 2 1 5 6 8) 7- 5 10 6 4 4 3 6 5 24 24 13 10 31 24 38 1 20 13 31 (a) (a) () >iit 5") liriti.h Noel Ii America. 31 8 4 5j 4 4 4 9 4 2 21 3 16 18 18 11 7"-, t Jirdits 14 3 21 43 Otlr,r count rica 20 25 29 19 27 15 18 85 8 12 18 19 22 327 214261 total . 160 176 165 190 Teachers: 9 5 1 7 30 12 8 20 16 16 20 20 13 11 19 Austria-Hungary . 5 8 6 Denmark . 1 4 1 3 1 2 8 5 13 11 5 6 11 0 32 21 43 6 36 46 19 23 35 - 18 28 29 38 60 France . 47 98 89 78 Germany . -08 69 61 45 44 65 117 197 216 174 153 114 138 109 '-3 86 36 40 53 53 73 108 87 101 106 118 125 158 151 224 s-rent Britain and ireland...... 85 7 16 0 3 4 17 5 7 14 16 9 12 15 7 0 Italy...... 2 4 5 Netherlands ...... 1 3 .3 6 1 6 7 5 3 2 5 1 3 2 1 5 9 15 21 11 36 13 14 20 17 Sweden and Norway ...... 20 14 21 Switzerland...... 4 11 5 7 18 6 .2 25 26 17 21 12 16 6 22 25 16 20 , 20 6 - 12 5 6 6 17 1 2 15 17 Rnsia and Poland ...... 6 (cs) 100 3 16 67 14 22 53 42 19 - 18 11 (a) (a) (a) (rr) British North America ...... 18 12 18 Other countries ...... 10 9 9 4 9 10 4 6 10 25 11 11 17 374 484 Ci Total...... 378 301 185 199 203 211 348 479 454 445 408 353 406 383

Principal skilled oecupatu 5,8. Bk era 99 - 82 149 Austria-Hungary...... 18 20 15 21 34 56 65 64 56 72 48 55 84 '-3 2 1 3 5 8 2 11 10 9' 13 15 15 13 14 Belgium...... 4 34 45 44 Denmark ...... 6 3 2. 5 8 21 30 25 24 24 11 13 25 33 31 23 39 41 52 44 44 28 40 36 47 47 :Lrrance ...... 58 93 48 866 309 230 233 211 329 734 1,464 1,576 1, 520 1, 320 902 632 693 790 867 Germany ...... 264 373 465 394 287 Great Britain and Ireland ...... 174 127 94 50 78 233 290 315 316 241 256 20 12 12 11 14 17 40 63 61 30 19 38 79 22 49 113 Italy...... 12 11 33 27 17 Netherlanils ...... 9 1 2 4 4 11 8 d6 27 15 26 6 6 9 7 8 10 44 12 20 28 40 60 77 74 81 0 Russia and Poland...... 6 101 90 35 20 87 15 48 33 102 53 116 - 92 43 25 52 97 Sweden and Norway...... 60 52 60 65 Switzerland ...... 0 9 12 11 21 46 180 131 124 110 71 42 92 31. 46 35 26 91 41 13 6 10 3 (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) British North America ...... 20 32 13 21 8 Other countries...... 5 19 22 22 48 30 1 36 37 21 32 23 1,465 1,209 1,569 1,737 1,760 1,727 Total... 730 640 507 164 636 11 377 2,264, 2,453 2,331 1,971 Blacksmiths: - 94 83 192 123 211 192 35 - 22 41 36 118 147 113 92 85 Austria-Hungary...... 40 6 16 14 13 8 '-I ------— 3 2 2 2 4 9 10 ilelgiuiu ...... 1 1 107 88 15 14 7 21 36 58 74 80 88 84 58 80 117 77 0 Denmark ------13 33 23 34 16 lfrance ...... 15 8 45 44 14 7 16 25 7 20 18 171 253 715 1,810 1,729 1,255 1,207 874 552 657 707 725 665 Germany ------204 180 235 658 461 285 177 147 243 500 556 475 501 419 367 30 683 1,087 Great Britain and Ireland...... 275 65 45 39 89 10 35 13 8 13 7 33 67 - 80 33 19 36 Italy ------...... 34 19 5 23 21 12 13 Noihcrlariils ------5 6 1 2 7 12 38 22 a Inunigrants from the British North American Possessions and Mexico not included since July 1, 1885. QrA

/ No. 12.-PRtsciPu. OccuPATioNs 017 IMMIGRANTS, BY NATIONALITIES, FIScAL YEARS 1875 TO 1890, ETC.-Coaltiflued. 41.

principal occupations and nationalities. 1875. 1870. 1877. 1878. 1879. 1880. 1081. 1882. 1j83. 1884. 1885. X886. 1887. 1888. 1889. 1800.

Principal skilled occupations-Cont'd. c' llncksmiths-Coxitinned: - Russia and Poland--- ... ------8 4 11 7 14 23 27 47 20 54 64 90 161 104 183 118 Sweden and Norway...... 70 48 10 43 103 289 356 282 -211 120 70 123 250 2.47 160 70 British North America---- ...... -- -389 202 203 165 130 374 780 1109 383 346 176 (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) 03 08 Other countries ...... -... -35 18 15 26 64 02 164 132 141 97 42 07 81 60 Total ...... ------...... 1,207 810 '787 073 911 2,311 1,080 4,099 2.804 2,508 1,019 1,420 2,280 2,577. 2,185 1,702 In ehors: Austria-Hungary ...... 43 23 - 29 40 35 84 92 80 40 80 08 73 154 132 72 320 Belgium ...... 4 1 2 3 2 4 0 4 8 8 1 8 9 23 0 10 (11 Denmark ...... ------..3 3 2 2 2 0 21 19 24 18 17 17 . .14 57 20. 33 Prance...... 20 24 35 21 26 13 33 30 31 38 27 28 30 03 49 45 (lermany ...... 240 201 212 355 306 570 1,337 1,528 1,371 1,440 832 054 842 588 772 703 Great Britain and Ireland ...... 170 157 104 84 132 273 170 273 289 217 247 183 310 359 417, 316 -4 Italy ...... ------.------.--- ... 1 2 6 7 8 47 22 22 7 9 28 42 68 12 32 Russia and Poland...... 7 5 10 0 7 12 18 36 24 . 02 81 75 101 124 07 101 Sweden and Norway------4 18 4 15 29 48 43 44 04 26 25 31 59 56 54 17 Switzerland ...... ------20 15 18 22 55 54 140 120 103 88 07 53 0-7 57 08 43 British North America ...... -.... -- 2-7 42 41 54 57 57 61 29 33 19 1 (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) '1 Other countries ------35 35 4 30 37 52 30 55 84 05 44 30 42 50 42 59 32 3ot1 521 489644710 118 1998j 2269 2502 20a0 1391 1100 168 1800 1880 142 '-3 Darpenters and joiners: Austria-Hungary------.96- 62 68 55 68 100 160 394 241 300 147 148 220 248 360 238 Belgium ...... 5 1 1 8 4 34 10 16 18 27 25 19 30 18 27 17 155 152 Denmark ...... ------28 35 24 34 59 103 132 140 1.97 108 93 151 223 103 Prance ...... ------40 301 27 21 115 84 54 00 78 40 58 33 53 70 53 00 Germany ------598 501 388 485 657 1,422 - 3,892 4,123 3,850 3,555 3,088 1,277 1,504 1,017 3,332 1,293 Great Britain and Ireland --...... -1,197 711 505 402 827 1,987 1,569 1,044 1,576 1,212 010 1,114 1,758 2,109 1,055 31 001 Italy------...... -...... ------26 29 25 42 54 43 91 171 220 00 88 134 192 93 88 179 06 57 Netherlands ...... 13 - 12 5 6 13 25 07 - 138 59 7.1 42 40 00 57 204 ItO Russia uni Poland...... 4 - 24 25 12 8 19 47 216 43 85 135 132 12-7 229 Sweden and Norway...... 140 130 143 122 191 662 701 1,018 001 132 100 361 673 772 459 204 Swit-soriacid - ...... ------21 24 35 44 89 148 308 348 370 238 116 82 68 03 00 47 (a) British North America ------1,085 865 332 522 431 3,494 4,492 4,148 1,309 1,071 003 (a) (a) (a) (a) , 110 Other countries ------.. 71 65 60 41 63 57 60 70 77 81 64 85 147 87 04 intel 338312881 1730576 233 8234 11401 U 900 8647j 7210 43923840 5295 58834373 3170

Clerks: 105 117 38 72 123 73 95 69 91 98 88 157 155 Austria-Irtungary ------38 46 29 19 20 29 11 6 13 4 10 6 5 9 12 6 20 18 U Belgium - 505 78 52 91 110 131. 112 137 lieninark . 16 U 19 it 15 44 70 112 49 72 48 77 72 ill 130 122 93 104 327 194 118 Franco - - 46 70 84 908 573 326 335 415 638 828 869 063 833 748 641 525 584 Comma 252 288 1,017 1,032 1,385 1,453 452 291 374 416 742 848 700 739 1,082 11 054 . 905 Englain 500 296 353 404 389 251 48 80 571 100 297 192 273 176 147 242 Scoblaud . 113 390 442 366 542 428 149 120 07 112 137 314 289 106 279 343 387 0 Ireland . 32 .32 37 22 34 24 45 38 Italy . 8 13 20 18 14 10 21 40 22 8 13 11 23 6 20 17 14 16 25 15 14 H Netherlands . 5 5 2 123 05 95 12 5 30 40 15 91 29 59 95 87 128 Russia and Poland . 9 11 17 37 16 11 17 16 14 15 9 4 6 6 13 11 16 0 Spain . 12 240 352 247 170 11 22 19 20 56 158 116 136 257 175 167 148 . Sweden and Norway . 73 56 (14 78 60 42 Switzerland 9 25 27 31 34 54 95 63 118 74 109 87 1313 175 203 338 370 352 . 301 189 (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) British North America . 91 14 49 78 40 40 36 34 32 33 43 28 31 20 22 47 54 West Indies . 29 30 35 29 26 37 AustraIi . 56 85 73 . 39 77 119 144 19 17 28 40 31 44 82 70 57 79 88 93 91 107 Other countries ------.------53 58 33 48 49 (LI 1,253 1,340 1,724 2,860 3,189 3,412 3,387 3,518 3,413 3,027 1 3, 314 0 Total ...... s ±

I- ssmkers: 2 10 3 2 15 52 43 19 58 A ustria- Rnngary ...... 4 . 2 2 3 7 8, 3 6 1 5 5 9 32 -H Denmark ...... 1 2 ...... 90 115 16 33 63 17 31 55 59 62 40 40 50 82 Prance ...... 55 28 207 163 38 23 30 44 871 204 209 131 36 55 109 101 Germany ...... 26 32 377 58 61 69 124 115 99 162 210 212 185 194 335 356 Great Britain and Ireland ...... 88 80 25 54 147 3 2 6 10 10 6 18 44 41 30 25 23 8 Italy ...... 20 38 70 87 05 5 7 2 1 4 18- 19 16 17 20 23 Sweden and Norway ------45 18 31 49 51 74 H ...... 25 16 38 49 116 117 75 Switzerland ...... 2 9 22 65 70 75 109 51 18 . 19 (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) British North Amoric% ...... 31 14 76 3 7 19 2 14 20 48 12 19 33 37 26 109 0 Other countries ...... 5 20 33 609 411 281 419 764 Total... 216 288 229 179 287 338 398 6385

Engineers: 24 18 16 27 10 8 7 8 17 19 25 18 7 20 Austria-Hungury ...... 6 20 9 13 9 4 2 1 4 4 10 9 11 7 24 11 Belgium ...... 5 11 20 34 21 4 5 6 4 7 10 26 27 24 13 10 11 Denmark ...... 33 29 41 15 45 27 13 35 28 50 40 27 42 20 20 29 France ...... 137 96 110 127 56 84 121 86 84 174 275 272 327 201 165 121 Germany ...... 597 586 552 297 144 100 194 502 358 435 405 397 278 329 486 England ...... 305 311 428 230 153 75 55 62 55 108 241 176 210 80 84 85 141 Scotland ...... ------69 62 4 29 27 14 29 76 42 37 31 57 29 42 71 ireland ...... 37 7 5 11 11 2 9 11 3 3 12 17 11 9 16 8 Italy ...... 8 11 19 10 11 1 4 2 1 4 3 2 5 6 11 5 Netherlands ...... 10 Ii. 7 16 20 19 11 Riiqsir and Poland.------2) 11 17 3 2 7 7 34 5 1, 1835. 11 a Immigrants from the British North American Possessions and Mexico not included since Inly No. 12.-P1Uc1PAL OCCUPATIONS OF 1MiE1UANTS, BY NATIONALITIES, FISCAL YEARS 1875 TO 1890, ETc.-Continciad

i'riicic ipaloccupations aicd nationalities: 1875. 1870. 1877. 3878. 1870. 1880. 1881. 1882. 1883. 1884. 1880. 1886. 1887. 1888. 1880. 1800. lei Priiic4pal 8kiUed OcCUpation8-COnt'd.

124 0 reers-Continued. 0 S Eiifl ...... 5 8 33 1 5 3 2 3 1 2 1 3 2 S veden and Norway ...... 6' 18 7 7 72 1 3 5 S . vitzerland ...... 72 56 54 26 22 75 182 70 53 3 7 8 15 22 20 52 52 41 B ritish North America ...... 22 41 14 38 13 13. 13 17 0 44 51 12 47 Ui 104 62 15 10 85 '6 estIndies ...... 4 4 (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) 7 2 6 5 2 3 1 3 18 14 2 0 18cr coimtries ...... 6 4 7 6 1 1 5 4 6 16 7 6 5 14 12 43 40 34 Total ...... 558 562 515 355 630 1,329 1,216 1,299 1,079 962 770 798 1,241 3,525 1,240 1,105 101 Moch sniCs, not speejfleci: In A cc 'tria.Hutigac'y ...... 5 3 1 6 7 2-7 18 60 38 24 B slgium ...... I ...... 68 14 44 23 25 1 1 1 3 7 10 12 18 D enmark ...... 2 1 8 11 14 6 4 101 11 12 3 8 42 18 32 24 38 12 25 F anco ...... 30 35 22 8 14 17 22 38 45 74 68 42 30 50 30 40 . 26 58 -E C Irmany ...... 70 34 24 52 70 351 720 602 E 210 487 444 259 192 163 193 112 122 160 98 106 270 887 1,194 .1,709 725 742 S olland ...... 17 6 708 741 3,011 1,479 1,163 966 5 15 28 124 136 179 149 99 149 200 312 Ic eland ...... 51 43 29 25 391 247 300 66 268 183 307 178 163 221 162 278 283 227 152 It. clv...... 12 37 7 5 39 10 161 250 195 N- ,thorlands ...... 7 ...... 56 45 64 196 28 29 57 2 43 37 9 4 8 9 10 lvi Ri resin and -Poland ...... 1 2 22 5 13 2 28 71 73 26 22 30 28 87 176 210 155 S' reden .tnd Nor way ...... 6 26 14 33 75 380 256 285 n-c ritzerland 200 248 158 304 266 511 293 306 ...... 6 19 11 9 12 64 151 120 113 38 Bc 'itish North America ...... 44 21 31 20 17 27 14 7 46 66 187 1,129 3,087 587 1,891 S71 - 300 (a) (a) (a) 0 01 her countries ...... 2 18 8 ' 10 8 (a) (a) cvi 13 20 32 16 17 15 25 25 24 19 40 Total ...... 471 404 268 341 786 3,309 41 109 4,825 456 E534 2,019 1,886 2,432 3,066 291 2,227 Miner A' rstrin.3.lnngary ...... 36 88 24 23 20 41 48 103 228 8€ Igium 104 70 407 595 150 100 738 ...... 1 3 8 . . ID 43 49 15 32 Pc acme ...... 30 20 43 172 286 104 85 30 1.4 26 1 48 91 38 41 28 55 152 GE rmany ...... 163 01 73 51 76 266 183 92 320 655 1.000 755 398 163 163 518 270 254 327 Er gland...... 1,056 1,005 667 651 1,165 2,446 1,626. 2,290 Sc otland ...... 1,628 1,704 1,361 1,491 2,346 2,508 2,478 1,194 344 113 64 73 465 020 1, 032 1,312 541 339 277 346 0 In clanS ...... 267 107 703 1, 365 752 194 100 96 114 348 236 308 510 436 264 173 258 251 It' Ely...... 79 27 14 32 34 270 153 40 132 354 48 200 181 343 426 347 767 374 lit asia and Poland ...... 255 102 108 80 66 253 20 44 S , 'eden and Norway...... 16 16 6 30 127 99 94 123 . 468 - 100 lIE) 388 358 1,245 793 476 265 328 404 290 Sc 'itzerlancl ...... 4 2 431 406 339 242 1 2 9 1 12 40 31 17 17 39 27 39 93 72

l-1iitt-1, Non I, Amerie. - • 282 37 333 71 82 598 378 102 89 114 36 (a) (a) . (0.) (a) (a) Other eountries . 217 174 224 140 164 140 181 142 145 82 101 190 100 97 62 151 Total . 4,055 7 1, 670 1,578 2,588 6,086 5,204 6,485 4,743 3,794 2,940 381 5,945 6,264 5,505 3,745 Shoemakers: - 182 140 137 155 232 149 233 GOD Austria-Hungary...... 115 57 44 64 57 122 215 164 125 ]3olgium ...... 2 4 19 4 6 16. - 5 10 77 5 75 •10 19 15 6 6 ,Deirnark ...... 13 17 5 5 15 28- 34 79 77 46 '28 29 50 -58 60 52 0 Prance...... 26 137 54 73 17 11 34 45 30 24 29 37 19 60 31 31 Germany ...... 436 253 250 289 313 680 2,190 2,187 1,909 1,711 955 624 8.32 997 770 660 England...... 224 96 64 74 146 152 161 204 156 135 136 98 180 280 171 138 Scotland...... 33 47 16 16 29 40 46 67 29 25 26 44 44 77 59 28 0 Ireland ...... 110 iLl 29 35 64 103 85 lfl 133 - 91 118 91 102 155 123 79 italy...... 33 80 18 26 30 39 157 296 244 237 239 246 453 162 291 468 Netherlands ...... 8 7 2 3 5 - 4 13 20 9 16 9 13 10 40 11 11 '-7 jli.&ssia and Poland...... 31 15 23 14 22 53 72 108 38 127 152 191 283 169 206 330 Sweden and Norway...... 33 35 36 62 139 151 242 337 178 131 80 ' 113 150 188 108 75 181 Switzerland ...... 16 15 17 22 36 39 178 129 155 91 50 24 :io 34 55 42 British North America ...... 158 29 40 94 189 346 486 561 63 74 144 (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) ('3 Asia and Ocean ica ...... 30 ...... 35 30 31 20 33 .18 36 25 - 4 10 59 Other countries...... 27 15 61 46 53 30 18 17 20 3 11 8 27 28 12 14 187 Total...... 1,265 ' 898 680 777 1, 119 1,849 3,967 4,366 3,203 2,931 2,150 1,681 2,397 I 2,490 2,065 2,232

Gardeners, '-7 Austria- Hungary ...... 5 4 3 11 8 6 17 8 25 12 14 7 16 33 23 49 Belgium...... 32 7 3 1 1 4 8 .5 3 11 3 2 3 2 tx Denmark...... 6 - 3 2 18 7 7 20 80 18 12 18 26 17 24 41 40 51 France...... 25 73 32 7 21 10 18 21 31 15 .21 22 20 55 33 181 Germany ...... 127 67 103 77 83 164 634 507 524 465 292 217 221 309 821 276 Great Britain and Ireland ...... 162 103 110 55 70 110 - 148 154 195 190 169 185 250 431 356 239 U10y...... 6 23 20 13 19 12 22 85 64 95 22 13 12 23 13 53 Netherlands ...... 4 2 .. 1 22 31 6 9 10 II 8 6 0 14 0 Rnsia and Poland...... 2 2 15 ...... 1 8 7 2 5 3 3 7 24 24 15 '81 Sweden and Norway...... 17 14 30 15 29 20 14 32 14 17 13 23 - 22 27 .16 Switzerland ...... 4 '19 7 6 18 27 47 41 53 46 25 20 24 30 21 16 British North America ...... 01 34 40 3 1 4 (7 .. (a) (a) (a) (a) (a)- Other countries ...... 9 13 2 9 8 6 23 11 11 8 3 15 25 14 4 Total...... 399 . 421 381 239 260 377 'b57 917 981 590 523 613 952 901 768 0 Machinists: Aust.ria.Iluiigary...... 6 2 5 1 2 4 3 3 4 2 4 8 5 3 '-7 Belgium...... 2 3 ...... 1 1 2 1 3, 5 3 5 1 0 - Denmark ...... 6 6 8 2 6 4 5 4 r17 7 1 3 2 4 6 France...... 12 8 15 4 4 1 11 4 6 30 4 1 5 3 3 Germany ...... 35 34 18 21 22 40 141 59 41 59 54 36 39 .78 30 28 Great Britain and Ireland ...... 195 ' 93 202 198 92 237 107 182 103 122 175 122 138 225 176 173 Sweden and Norway...... 15 16 9 6 13 87 64 18 14 9 9 7 15 21 32 26 a Immigrants from the British North American Possession.s and Me1cico not included sil3ce July 1, 1885. OF IMMIGRANTS, BY NATIONALITIRS, FISCAL YEARS 1875 To 1890, ETC.—ConthlnOd. No. 12.—PRINCIPAL OCCUPATIONS C

1884, 1885. 1886. 1887. 1888. 1890. hincipal occupations and nS,tionalitics. 1875 ' 1876. 1877. 1878. 1879. 1880. 1881. 1882. 1883. 1980-

Prtn.ripal 8kiUed occupatione—Cont'd. Slachinists—Continned. 1 ...... 1 2 2 1 17 4 7 . 7 3 6 3 Switzerland ...... 1 3 (a) (a) British North America ...... 180 82 87 28 62 208 176 73 10 9 96 '(a) (a) (a) 27 4 7 10 24 23 54 29 39 Other countries...... 23 14 5 16 8 8 • 27 285274 Total ...... 292 284 592 37 191 232 366 202 234 399

Mariners: 213 ..... 17 10 28 7 22 48 29 49 83 55 138 100 97 103 Anstria'Hungary ...... 23 110 84 98 25 14 20 ' 26 64 66 39 43 40 51. 67 Denmark ...... 29 17 12 30 France ...... 112 83 35 5 12 9 4 8 32 4 6 7 0 10 84 113 144 227 253 253 252 171 156 133 216 177 191 20 Germany ...... 190 98 132 244 280 England ...... 383 119 117 87 103 168 136 156 129 144 146 171 182 277 31 61 91 70 04 Scotland ...... 49 114 29 21 27 25 27 37 42 25 30 43 51 75 50 711 Ireland ...... 102 54 29 27 45 40 37 33 48 37 75 51 136 190 253- 166 85 134 94 101 111 157 Italy ...... 26 16 27 10 26 33 I- 15 14 7 15 66 19 19 Netherlands ...... 18 9 13 4 4 5 12 9 15 54 18 10 11 14 10 13 4 1 1 Portugal...... 247 32 143 4 6 30 ..12 12 8 2 6 2 U 3 3 3 7 12 22 Spain...... 421 369 627 1,456 1,221 669 599 ' 114 70 162 237 351 479 Sweden nd Norway . ----- ...... 324 113 64 (a) 658 .215 429 261 286 609 549 024 352 113 174 (a) (a) (a) (c) British North America ...... 64 219 164 130 403 101 108 209 West Indies.- ...... 109 192 147 99 34 159 66 94 11 33 120 61 198 53 12 93 197 Azores and Cape Verde Is1ads 76 . 38 96 53 54 22 8 77 - 136 122 509 Other countries...... 93 75 25 58 44 14 27 47 42 12 74 53 2532 1, 888 2,185 Total ...... 2,056 1224 1,329 871 905 1438 1589 1,931 1844 1,742 1,477 1,803H708 0

Masons: 60 .116 56 83 30 - 59 76 72 77 72 41 52 Austria-Hungary ------..63 39 38 48 10 1.3 6 1 2 1 5 5 5 5 ii 11 12 8 28 Belgium ...... 37 70 101 51 40 Denmark ...... 14 5 6 6 14 23 35 . . 65 33 35 32 15 74 8 23 50 29 15 I- France ...... 113 20 87 9 14 13 29 10 37 577 409 . 721. 411. 404 0 Germany ...... 635 133 323 163 160 431 1,334 1,603 1,204 1,062 I 396 994 984 1,524 1, 01 784 710 1,016 1,549 2,154 1,628 1,1)94 Great Britain and Ireland ...... 907 565 256 226 193 19 17 30 29 97 228 246 162 - 96 173 356 189 220 Italy ...... 114 42 21 15 2 4 1 2 5 1 4 19 29 9 10 13 5 10 Netherlands ...... 19 35 20 58 89 68 72 Rusia and Poland ...... 18 47 5 2 ' . 13 26 5 0 , 109 65 33 90. 162 291 152 131 Sweden and Norway ...... 223 . 77 78 37 47 149 217 150 9 33 100 166 72 50 32 21 10 27 62 IC Switzerland ...... 14. 5 11 19 259 369 133 292 270 (a) - (a) (a) (a) (a) British North America ...... 80 762 574 86 149 284 35 41 16 5 12 3 30 16 27 51 Other countries ...... 89 16 2 21 24 5 3,203 4279 259 2,562- 1,893 1,835 2,774 ,4,223 2,735 2,341 Total ...... 1,713 1,303 642 871 2,033

TailorS: - 509 409 338 617 Austria-Hungary 140 96 47 67 86 251 298 196 216 $54 185 315 Belgium ...... 7 5 2 3 4 5 14 1 9 9 9 10 11 12 11 10 Denmark ...... 4 6 6 5 13 , 25 29 43 42 32 28 33 61 45 60 80 44 38 88 38 35 19 31 48 42 51 France ...... 8 47 44 20 26 26 1,985 1,797 1,506 855 729 979 1,190 952 854 Germany ...... 497 295 215 231 295 695 1,374 254 216 223 202 • 201 350 300 394 287 Rngland ...... 233 128 87 98 142 262 233 36 39 53 43 41 61 85 153 154 103 Scotland ...... 28 20 14 13 23. 28 103 120 124 121 101 68 88 87 140 81 Ireland ...... 123 68 40 41 75 125 156 303 207 148 117 213 219 139 169 347 . Italy ...... 44 26 16 19 45 54 22 54 26 18 18 13 11 15 18 20 Netherlands ...... 8 12 6 4 2 7 315 131 531 419 762 1,086 770 1 240 1 260 Russia and Poland ...... 74 73 59 122 83 238 208 236 206 202 122 119 177 240 238 ' 191 141 Sweden and No2wSy ...... 79 71 36 50 82 203 103 94 99 73 34 32 37 29 47 35 Switzerland ...... 17 16 11 12 37 53 110 50 67 23 (a) (a) (a)' (a) (a) BritishNorthAmcric ...... 102 66 66 99 105 132 197 53 20 30 32 42 49 67 60 53 75 Other countries ...... 9 40 19 31, 44 30 106 7748 235 - 2228 682 - - 809 879 Total ...... 1,463 969 668 815 1,062 24

- - Tobacco manufacturers and dealers: 14 13 30 12 28 39 8 . 4 3 15 3 11 6 11 18 Belgium ...... 270 395 197 118 142 85 108 95 28 ...... 199 324 95 156 75 263 810 539 Germany 29 38 77 33 44 64 42 27 19 28 Great Britain and Ireland ...... 51 19 18 17 12 13 45 25 74 19 58 63 79 143 55 32 48 Russia and Poland ...... 22 8 6 5 5 2 715 330 292 891 1,006 857 1,711 1,971 2,070 908 Cuba ...... 234 128 163 75 345 187 3 10 4 5 9 18 19 6 20 15 Other West Indies ...... 2 1 8 12 75 57 41 62 38 11 48 110 4 45 Other countries ...... 201 102 127 56 38 38 675 1,500 1,360 1,160 2,157 2,281 2,332 1,169 ...... 713 384 425 317 478, 515 3,684 1,045 Total ======

Weavers: 49 41 24 30 45 17 42 ...... 76 37 26 29 33 60 81 65 105 Austria-Hungary 16 48 15 l 22 18 7 6 15 47 63 57 24 26 France ...... 7 16 682 631 726 497 249 157 245 210 180 153 Germany ...... 188 124 113 90 330 377 247 162 .98 107 236 690 491 404 426 • 553 400 488 683 789 760 578 England ...... 137 155 242 174 134 60 23 165 385 110 58 50 78 Scotland ...... 38 26 39 u , 71 42 30 17 28 82 81 300 96 113 122 84 93 295 92 86 Ireland...... 12 l Greece ...... 15 15 29 15 22 36 150 7 7 40 0 Italy ...... 3 5 3 1 2 15 9 4 1 15 9 13 17 14 18 59 28 Russia and Poland ...... 6 3 1 3 58 28 64 28 27 16 26 18 4 8 " Switzerland ...... 22 81 40 23 117 45. 22 18 25 20 23 20 Other countries ...... 100 35 32 15 18 31 1389)1006 289 72 1,293 Lotal 6 292 245 1499 1689 379

a Immigrants from the British North American Possessions and Mexico not included since d.uly 1, 1885. No. 12.-PRINCIPAL OccuPATIoNS or I'ZMIGRANTS, BY NATIONALITIES FISCAL YEARS 1875 TO 1890, ETC.-COfltiflfl&l.

Principal occupations and nationalities. 1875. 1876. 1877. 3878. 1879. 1880. 1881. 1882. 1883. 1884. 1885. 1886. 1887. 1888. 1889. 1890. 90 90 Principal miscellaneous occupations. III 0 Farmers: - 90 Austria-Hungary ...... 464 383 430 393 460 1,009 1,203 1,823 1,231 1,407 1,013 943 2,222 2,087 2,127 2,913 1-3 Belgium ...... 29 20 19 30 60 106 251 172 166 191 113 113 165 203 239 198 Denmark ...... 2'74 213 . 238 463 715 1,099 1,041 1,405 1,280 1,451 810 841 1,298 886 1,324 1,281 0 942 569 France ...... 305 321 374 192 279 274 613 712 458 380 372 287 612 793 It Germany ...... 5, 050 3,492 •3, 101 3,255 4,105 9,432 19,529 23,593 16,961 18,735 11,125 7,679 9,637 8,691 8,950 8,469 Englau& ...... 1, 539 1,410 1, 208 990 1,136 2,678 2,475 2,917 2,031 1,907 1, 442 1,882 2,235 2,541 2,003 2,475 '-3 Scotland ...... 423 216 221 283 305 606 659 887 425 356 344 486 646 638 475 401 90 Ireland ...... 985 514 524 586 634 2,397 1,651 3,603 1,929 1,527 1,456 1,668 1,878 2,332 2,166 1,525 90 Greece ...... 31 3 ...... 4 39 18 26 Italy ...... 224 249 244 452 505 1,552 Z 812 3,849 3,052 2,140 1,145 2,019 5,617 1,632 2,495 4,441 en Netherlands ...... 142 83 24 51 87 624 1,370 911 570 572 391 403 732 612 892 667 Ilussia and Poland ...... 1,005 614 1,063 486 738 456 490 730 269 477 874 697 1,283 1,369 1,903 2.223 Spain and Portugni ...... 9 18 11 156 10 10 5 138 164 103 48 61 69 57 49 90 Sweden and Norway ...... 971 1,650 1,223 1,296 1,959 7,012 6,574 6,500 3,339 2,807.. 1,766 2,751 3,484 5,658 3,191 2,162 90 Switzerland ...... 312 253 248 278 593 1,100 2,027 2,204 2,000 1,464 1,004 661 749 1,426 1,755 1,487 z British North America ...... 4, 162 4,940 4,066 5, 656 7,915 18, 221 18,086 14,340 4,998 8,351 5,449 (cc) (a) (a) (a) (a) Asia ...... 291 21 8 40 61 8 3 45 29 22 22 119 216 166 90 ...... 33 26 16 29 25 48 34 7 • 23 35 54 34 54 53 80 41 Westlndies 102 Azores ...... 74 13 70 78 260 88 78 43 21 2 70 73 42 122 76 tj Other countries ...... ...... 45. 1 100 100 129 121 311 117 156 94 36 29 43 141 45 . 53 101 90 Total ...... 16, 447 14,536 13,188 14,843 19,907 1 7, 204 1 8, 028 161, 888 39, 048 42,050 27,585 20,600 30, 932 29,335 28,962 29,296 4-3 Laborers: - 0 Austria-Hungary Bohemia ...... 920 955 1,576 1,220 883 818 1,002 675 1,203 Hungary ...... 84 96 55 61 50 1,376 2,673 4,650 6,874 8,769 4,362 7,371 7,639 9,154 6,145 12,891 -4 Other Austria ...... 769 676 636 630 741 1,009 3,318 2,741 2,964 4.581 3,839 4,424 6,711 11,714 7,347 13,613 Belgium ...... 61 37 68 17 69 137 231 113 128 216 218 186 369 447 486 468 3,910 2,517 1,661 2,165 -4 Denmark ...... 409 218 276 307 743 1,690 2,261 2,863 1,992 1,503 1,003 1,409 ...1,117 452 408 I 326 442 581 426 541 337 452 470 589 658 601 777 France ------18, 486 12,453 19,093 20, 416 15, 621 15, 111 90 ...... 4,881 2, 816 2,55(1 3,226 4,554 12, 202 36, 050 16, 104 25,586 25, 761 Germany 11,453 10,167 11,292 .10,360 16,754 12,802 10,668 ...... 6,974 2 819 2 705 2,484 4,258 12,936 14,054 20,649 12,482 England 1 1 2,502 1 751 1, 231 1-3 ...... 565 301 189- 243 321 1,331 2,017 2,197 1,710 1,111 1,383 1,547 2,254 -4 Scotland 16,544 24,654 24,798 22,015 18,194 Ireland ------... 9,900 4,305 3,184 3,987 5,572 25,296 26,070 27,816 26,835 19,704 16,411 0 Greece...... 1 10 2 5 12 2 60 24 7 60 • 66 195 575 59 294 -z ...... 1,354 880 884 1,374 2,172 3,911 5,809 15, 631 19,236 5,714 4,539 7, 270 19,661 32,231 9, 715 27, 180 Italy 229 585 1, 02.6 1,003 590 Netherlands ------140 92 90 65 62 215 972 1,229 - 722 444 294 163 122 154 112 791 1,715 , 103 916 2,007 1,236 1, 706 2,628 1,190 2,056 5,037 Poland ...... 200 20 64 Portugal ...... 2 4 65 131 47 42 7 ...... 208 155 68 4 Ronumania ...... 7 ------. 27 109 93 384, 341 134 75 10,605 11, 356 Russia, exeunt Poland ...... I 042 318 335 198 237 982 1, 178 5, 38 2,534 4, 113 3, 809 - 4, 613 9,419 13, 276 14 102 r4a •___d..fl.I '!9 04 62 25 28 77 33 34 41 2,133 5,707 18,900 22,217 34,291 1 17,640 11,713 9,970 14,769 23,642 28, 024 15,740 14, 629 65veden and Norway . 2,015 1,701 1 1,468 1; 485 972 1,022 Switzerland . 222 95 200 214 337 481 621 442 1,021 769 061 569 683 5 113 43 73 42 47 25 29 71 90 66 61 Other Europe . 6 1 10 3 (a) British North America ...... 892 923 1,243 2,275 1,816 16,338 .15,677 12,201 5,042 5,517 3,449 (a) (a) (a) (a) Meeico ...... 163 133 69 58 74 33 17 18 41 50 25 (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) China...... 15,281 21,902 10,281 8,286 8,984 5,510 11,466 38,701 7,801 ...... 3 3 11 68 41 38 342 170 403 1,086 Other Asi% ...... 25 36 1 5 1 Africa...... 9 2 ...... 1 8 10 16 1 14 30 11 7 33 0 17 5 3 5 6 12 74 92 105 129 57 94 Central and South America...... 1 6 ...... 3 2 11 West Indies ...... 28 27 20 26 30 40 12 21 9 32 81 57 26 72 17 724 802 648 846 381 645 811 940 1, 113 Azores ...... 651 391 455 276 453 258 570 3 Other islands of the Atlantic ...... 3 4 1 1 . 1 20 22 40 18 18 7 19 6 0 100 ...... 123 129 47 62 67 30 94 146 304 146 Australia...... 250 340 180 109 165 Hawaiian Islands...... 121 55 ...... 30 188 69 232 225 672 489 26,650 36,897 105, 012 147,816 209,605 136,071 106, 478 83,068 86,853 140,938 170,273 111,809 139,365 94 Total 46,877 38, 847 25,482 94 Merchant dealers: CI) 220 • 210 618 668 405 397 457 387 399 647 511 448 315 Austri:ufitrngary...... 218 242 178 38 Belgium...... 30 23 25 15 16 31 38 28 42 27 35 24 53 50 . 46 ci 42 I t Denmark ...... 26 17 21.23 34 61 49 54 89 69 59 54 64 85 65 184 169 258 94 Ii'ranco ...... 316 293 245 207 542 316 340 405 247 183 157 125 104 94 1,698 1,834 2,611 3,768 3, 885 3,460 2, 530 2,315 1, 956 1,952 1,913 1,894 1,414 Oermai...... 1,850 1,744 1,647 1,214 Engiam...... ------894 895 705 561 625 913 1, 020 1,217 723 643 658 821 1,080 1, 143 1, 056 210 277 304 432 449 262 161 150 260 373 151 272 254 Scotland ...... 237 202 173 229 Ireland...... 186 191 182 165 183 315 311 309 238 193 176 210 248 328 276 94 Greece...... 7 4 5 4 4 1 4 3 2 3 11 1 65 31 7 8 100 133 164 204 189 168 184 197 141 241 123 169 122 italy...... 78 84 108 129 Netherlands ...... 17 22 10 29 28 42 87 79 41 69 42 61 103 100 103 94 160 141 154 509 394 - 797 399 696 582 912 1,194 747 892 377 z Russia and Poland...... 121 ill 210 Spain and Portugal ...... 166 141 177 180 152 158 85 84 59 56 43 75 76 68 123 i-I Sweden and Norway...... 19 36 27 23 46 111 125 113 120 100 86 113 195 224 105 85 Switoorland ...... 92 115 92 99 150 184 260 213 218 130 89 92 122 125 71 98 0 Other Europe...... 10 13 3 5 1 69 19 22 10 55 112 31 81 64 70 52 318 417 897 669 852 676 569 539 (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) British North America...... 142 135. 180 (a) Mexico ...... • 45 35 37 47 37 38 22 44 44 49 35 (a) (a) (a) (a) 3 8 38 73 226 1.4 4 25 89 1,221 China...... • 3 8 2 5 123 Other Asi ...... 5 5 4 1 3 5 7 12 17 19 50 37 133 108 162 -4 39 24 18 26 21 15 11 13 41. 51 108 72 148 Central and Sooth America ...... 26 32 17 275 0 West Indies ...... 159 114 134 101 112 184 85 74 55 45 75 321 469 480 351 94 Azores andother islandsof the At- 3 2 23 10 9 6 7 7 27 7 8 36 lantic ...... 7 9 5 51. Oceanic ...... 51 48 - 40 28 52 ... 134 73 59 40 43 40 58 63 57 -4 Other countries...... 0 Total ......

almmigrants from the Britiah North American Possessions and Mexico not included since Jnly 1, 1886. No. 12.-PRINCIPAL OCcuPATIoNS OF IMMIGRANTS, BY NATIONALITIES, FISCAL YEARS 1875 TO 1890, ETC.-Cofltiflued.

1890. Principal occupation and nationality. 1875. 1876. 1877. 1878. 1870. 1880. 1881. 1882. 1883. 1884. 1885. 1886. 3887. 1888. 3889,

Servants: Austria-Hungary- 77 74 58 149 126 171 Bohemia ------(a) (a) (cz) (a) (a) (a) (a) 34 81 79 Hungary...... 5 6 3 1 17 35 95 47 101 92 172 316 214 227 520 93 136 369 112 263 393 543 375 693 Other Austria------8 47 49 22 38 43 237 0 Belgium .... -...... -12 18 4 7 10 27 19 15 20 19 19 27 23 53 64 41 -92 38 49 65 110 252 307 824 833 417 362 459 462 337 621 568 Denmark ...... -...... 471 France ...... 283 244 150 117 149 09 161 151 131 135 133 120 152 203 295 Gennany...... 928 634 414 459 470 969 2,157 2,634 3,357 2,944 2,132 2,128 3,532 3,841 3,829 3414 Eialaad...... 1,994 g( 528 565 770 1,948 1,752 2,021 2,464 2,778 2,500 2,400 1,070 3,467 3,400 3,071 Scct1and ...... 361 238 144 170 207- 671 734 903 1,001 846 709 046 1, 342 1,436 1,490 1,058 11,300 8,995 11,490 10,113 Ireland ...... 5,265 2,791 1,042 2,150 2,578 10,211 7,076 8,857 12,203 10,001 9,026 8,730 11) Italy ...... 109 93 lIt) 84 111 113 436 450 334 267 115 363 397 232 1,137 186 Netherlands ...... 34 9 2 1 4 4 25 22 29 45 30 22 52 186 179 124 Russia and Poland ...... 39 87 64 23 24 54 202 266 172 144 167 334 747 1,061 1,137 1,382 16 10 25 38 12 11 12 8 8 166 62 33 9 18 25 50 Spain and Portugal ...... 4,802 Sweden and Norway ...... 544 505 360 415 837 1,810 2,761 3,355 2,957 21 735 2,309 3,720 4,638 5,991 4,096 249 150 154 200 206 392 389 Switzerland ...... 66 44 45 44 52 82 136 252 295 Other Europe ...... 4 3 3 1 3 1 6 1 1 2 10 3 107 29 29 9

tj Princ(pal miscellaneous occupations. 1875: 1576. 1877. 1878. 1879. 1880. 1881. 1882. 1883. 1884. 1885. 1886. 1887. 1888, 3889, 1890. '-3 British North America ...... 606 661 1, 166 1,857 1,038 2, 106 2,199 I 2,562 3,506 2,807 1,755 s (5) (5) (b) (8) (5) Maxico ...... 7 8 3 5 6 1 3 1 4 1 (5) (b) (8) (5) (5) Central America ------...- ...... I 4 ... 1 ...... 1 ...... 3 ...... 5 5 3 1 3 3 2 3 1 4 8 6 Smith Americ 52 68 60 Westlndies ...... 35 78 25 27 - 27 15 18 24 23 28 14 23 24 Azores ,uid other islands of the At- lantic ...... 90 66 68 77 364 48 149 .335 412 301) 436 183 332 200 422 456 Asia ...... -7 14 1 6 .3 7 12 13 1 3 27 60 1 25 18 Otlie countries ...... 3 1 3 ...... 1 1 1 1 2 7 6 2 3 2 27, 310 30, 220 28,625 Total ...... 10, 579 . 6,493 5,158 6,157 6,804 18,580 19,342 23,010 27,988 24,249 20,213 20,198 27,510 EECAPITULATION.

Total professional: Austriafluingary 64 61 39 63 40 144 60 145 102 109 83 74 137 126 133 lOt Belgium . 22 20 . 17 11 10 9 9 27 17 . 30 26 29 36 42 51 38 Denmark ...... 16 16 26 6 16 10 33 30 27 30 31 28 37 61 47 54 France . 346 468 281 156 242 97 268 199 223 107 129 82 141 199 175 250 German 528 584 416 450 383 455 880 885 857 876 751 554 838 779 675 602 Eoglan 428 359 362 218 267 316 470 543 414 383 396 528 655 3,032 762 964 Scotland 131 101 69 39 47 59 -93 100 55 61 72 111 138 246 209 191 ireland 129 136 89 102 127 135 130 134 139 113 116 129 156 201 222 184 :ltalv . 166 170 105 145 213 148 292 324 201 223 156 205 307 136 137 259 Netiserlands. 14 11 18 16 13 8 10 14 15 15 25 29 32 24 33 40 Ilussia and Poland. 22 23 42 18 27 15 23 69 30 37 62 67 73 112 80 89 Spain and Portugal 15 48 27 13 18 43 13 18 7 8 7 12 8 9 18 30 Sweden and Norway 62 48 66 21 29 54 67 60 87 59 62 69 81 127 90 82 Switzerland ...... 16 41 28 30 51 43 141 124 94 80 64 46 68 61 53 73 13 Other Europe ...... 4 5 18 6 2 19 1 3 6 3 5 4 17. 8 13 CI) (b) (5) (b) (5) British North Amer ic ...... 349 235 113 133 85 179 240 192 140 73 78 (b) Ci Meaico ...... 16 8 9 14 7 2 5 7 4 6 (b) (5) (5) (5) (b) 45 West Indies ...... 41 21 25 28 17 9 21 18 9 9 8 89 88 104 65 P1 Central and South .inerica ...... 9 18 5 6 6 5 1 6 5 10 13 22 23 42 Asia and Oceanica 45 23 30 28 38 20 43 105 ' 8 54 17 57 56 66 44 115 Other countries, isla nds,etc ...... 3 4. 2 1 1 3 1 2 4 5 3 5 3 5 5 4

Total ...... 2,426 2,400 1,885 1,510 1,639 1,773 2,812 2,992 2,450 2,284 2,097 2,078 . 2,882 3,360 2,815 3,236 99 Total skilled: Austria4'lungary- 99 Boheiui ...... (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) 346 406 505 385 376 351 191 114 268 Hungary ...... 88 69 52 86 84 375 298 237 260 470 226 598 717 627 207 1,093 Other Anstria 918 613 438 521 553 1,060 1,401 .1,219 1,208 1,109 772 1,012 1,772 1,831 1,485 2,071 484 Begitun ...... 164 164 173 61 68 138 219 181 274 269 254 264 526 625 418 968 1,030 Denmark ...... 401 282 177 184 275 532 731 967 1,046 861 613 145 1,0318 1,111 1,100 France ...... 1,956 2,000 1,702 697 876 628 886 943 943 830 794 658 057 1, 633 1,191 German...... 6, 605 4, 351 4,261 4,177 4,065 10,877 24,030 26,527 25,190 22,125 12,990, 9,295 21, 219 12,829 10,926 10,332 11,948 15,356 13,221 10,320 .Englanc...------.8,093 4,951 3,335 3.187 4,766 10,584 9.526 11,545 9,634 9,615 8,125 8,355 4,690 2,361 Scotland ...... 1,690 11 246 1,266 690 . 1, 516 3,260 3, 382 4,659 2.343 1,885 1,904 2,186 5,394 2,818 2,524 Ireland ...... 2,593 1,662 1,326 923 1,210 3,204 2,692 4,495 5,090 4,170 2,895 3,186 2,959 3,600 3,395 27 31 40 Greece ...... 5 2 2 4 5 2 '7 26 10 6 25 7 11 11 591 2,322 3,059 Italy ...... 492 437 304 322 437 513 1,502 2,653 2, 630 1,776 1,391 2,003 2,928 276 314 Netherlands ...... 112 96 47 69 54 139 332 597 259 282 250 189 261 406 itussia and Poland. 606 429 593 299 351 800 684 1, 454 556 1,392 1,451 2,046 3,529 2,994 3,290 3,400 Spain and Portugal. 401 260 774 151 150 97 80 32 81 146 115 74 106 136 107 80 Sweden and Norwa 1,922 1,454 981 1,180 1,781 4.388 4,171 4,688 1,144 2,900 2,126 2,750 4,789 5,4.13 3,522 2,677 1,046 740 790 822 921 752 Switzerland ...... 214 287 315 355 591 1,122 2,588 2,241 2,244 1,563 5 76 21-7 119 61 71 Other Europe ...... 27 27 22 13 16 23 13 21 33 76 Thiti,h Norti Amer iea...... 6. 093 4,485 4.038 2,642 2,697 11,037 12,214 8,590 5,077 3, 270 2, 443 (5) (5) (b) (b) (5) - alncluded in "Other Austria." S Immigrants from the British North American Possessions and Mexico not included since July 1, 1885. 011 co No. 12.-PRINCIPAl. OCcvPATIoNs OF IMMIGRANTS, 13Y NATIONALITIES, FISCAL YEARS 1875 TO 1890, ETC.-Continued.

BECAPITULATION-Contthued.

Principal miscellaneous occupations. 1875. 1876. 1877. 1878. 1879. 1880. 1881. 1882. 1883. 1884. 1885. 1886. 1887. 1888. 1889. 1890. 0 Potni skilled--Continued. Mexico ...... 131 164 151 171 242 191 144 163 222 129 118 (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) Westlndies ...... 514 496 435 342 484 518 916 563 451 1,268 1,370 1,229 2,351 2,331 2,453 1,338 Central and South America ...... 30. 22 10 26 2 20 1 16 10 14 11 8 32 63 57 80 57 Asia, and Oceanico ...... 52 481 ii 1 309 462 400 560 407 334 256 238 387 342 391 427 522 Africa ...... 1 4 2 3 1 2 1 5 1 2 1 7 4 2 Islands of the Atlantic...... 235 265 193 120 74 41 64 124 83 185 111 282 134 110 278 245 otai ...... .. 33,803 24,200 21,000 16,531 21,302 49,929 66,457 72,664 62,505 55,001 39,817 36,522 52,403 59,985 50,457 44540 CD Iotal miscellaneous, Austria.Hungary: Bohemia ...... (8) (8) (8) (8) (8) (b). (b) 1,347 1,473 2,190 1,692 1,254 1,102 1,464 1,107 1,699 06 Hungary ...... 217.. 221 115 182 187 3,967 3,231 5,199 7,277 9,445 4,768 7,917 8, 503 10,006 6,789 14,429 eil Other Austria ...... 481 1,136 1,282 1,175 3,449 3,079 5,154 4,298 4,052 5,752 4,794 5,589 9,066 14,062 9,735 16,910 ilelgium ...... 152 204 174 100 181 319 564 344 374 465 400 305 036 780 850 776 Detititark ...... 819 545 626 913 1,650 3. 125 3, 751 5,200 4, 270 3,292 2,271 2,794 3,782 3,91,2 3,718 4,137 04 France...... 2,984 2,666 1,600 1,531 1,335 1,311 ' 1,913 1,932 1,245 1,200 1,264 1,105 1,76.3 2,180 2,241 2,412 Germany ...... 14,033 9,172 8,674 0,700 11,666 26,120 63,002 67,432 51,382 51,638 15,143 24,916 34, 885 15,733 30,941 29,868 England ...... , 12,194 6,951 5,754 5,102 7,395 19,106 20,474. 27.772 18,551 17,587 15,611 17,324 25,736 25, 480 20,469 18,889 Scotland ...... 1,773 1,182 919 984 1,287 1,193 4,134 4,922 3,630 2,632 2,734 3,470 4,907 5,418 4,319 3,261 04 Ireland ...... 16,692 8,116 6,073 7,196 9,306 38,560 36,386 38.867 41,505 31,746 27,452 27,613 38,356 37,200 36,436 30,436 Greece ...... 10 9 10 6 10 13 7 95 27 35 90 67 265 647 89 352 Italy ...... . 1 828 1,415 1,485 2, 055 2, 969 5,820 8,459 20,361 23,146 8,492 6, 314 9,992 26,332 34,427 13, 811 33,451 Netherlands ...... 360 224 150 181 180 908 2,478 2, 203 1, 384 1, 145 784 7:19 1,492 1, 963 2, 227 1, 559 Russia and olan4 ...... 2,047 1,738 1,988 1,024 1,338 2,852 4,045 9,073 4,565 7,934 7,453 0,136 15,770 18,228 17.040 21,642 Spain anti Portuuga ...... 271 204 388 400 379 267 251 180 245 637 453 277 213 218 280 538 Sweden and Norway ...... . 3,702 4,559 1,607' 4,006 8,689 29, 016 32, 210 44,457 24,187 17,426 14; 219 21,462 32,128 40, 139 24, 100 21,83(1 Switzerland ...... 719 ,553 674 702 1,197 1,987 3,270 .3,297 3,851 2,761 2,019 1,579 1, 831' 3,383 3,298 3,178 Other Europe ...... 29 31 24 67 16 291 75 1 58 68 170 280 210 736 1 501 394 250 British North America ...... 7, 290 0,003 10,230 12,779 12,986 45, 438 42,004 31,934 14,827 17,571 11,817 (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) Mexico ...... 277 222 150 151 181 118 66 108 120 123 92 (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) West Ii1ies ...... 423 312 301 305 217 326 217 243 203 280 295 488 707 737 573 487 Central and South America ...... .. 50 58 14 04 31 53 45 16 32 29 35 144 159 ' 265 252 296 Asia anti Oceanica ...... 16, 142 22,550 10,641 8,676 9,293 5,812 11,916 30,319 8, 116 661 300 504 868 1,540 2,182 3,526 Africa ...... 11. 11 5 1 2 7 9 15 24 , 1 20 40 25 35 52 40 Isle Is of the Atlantic...... 946 524 650 430 1,103 417 825 1,149 1,255 994 1,381 620 1,027 1,266 1,490 1,767 ...... 84,546 7275 55,650 57,806 73,053 188,109 244,492310,401 2049 118j, 195 14702 137,451250,751 ii%64T 182,394 211,456 Yo or cupt1on not stated I tii(t WOmen) I 'try: I4ohem' b) (b) (11) (8) (8) (8) (6) 4,902 3,561 5,429 4,262 2,674 2,913 2,468 1,854 2,530 Hun 449 1W 200 173 348 1,978 1 286 3,480 .3 687 4,869 4,371 3,892 5,949 1.19 I I 8131 6 .,l0 Other Sustria ...... 4,441 3,1136 3,270 2,750 3,302 8,664 14,505 7,977 5,599 6,674 5,056 5,314 9,495 9,897 8,832 10,528 Belgium ...... 257 127 124 182 253 766 974 879 785 812 973 642. 1.355. 1,768 1,245 1,373 04 l)enmark : 1,420 '7o4 866 1,002 1 oa'l 2,900 4 602 5,421 4,976 019 3,185 2 658 .3 667 1 878 3131,6 4,145 France ...... 3,035 2,868 2,271 1,795 2,202 2 773 2,166 2,930 2,108 1,471 1,508 1,413 • 2, 173 2,442 2,311 2,823 ./ ermany 26 603 17,430 Ia 947 14,980 ii 888 47,186 122,573 124 786 ii. 457 105,037 75 5.10 49 ('38 9 921 (10 16 56,996 .11 608 England ...... 19, 880 12, 348 9, 005 10,141 12,301 30,624 35,738 44,194 36, 148 29,305 24, 355 24,596 30,340 4 1,365 35,244 27, 516 Scotland ...... 3,716 2,053 1,681 1,789 2,175 6,128 7,559 9,256 5,831 4,482 4,426 5,341 8,260 10,975 9,078 5,828 Ireland 18,543 9,661 7,081 7,711 9,370 29,707 33 134 32,946 34,692 27 315 21 712 19 709 126,699 32,512 25,504 19,980 ci (3reeco ...... 9 8 5 1 6 6 - 5 4 33. 10 . 51 30 ' 17 101 35 129 '-8 It aly...... 1081 888 1,159 1,600 2,140 5,846 5,348 8,821 5,815 6,019 5,781 9,115 1 18,035 15,434 8,035 15,234 Neter1ands ...... III 524 376 342 500 2,285 5,777 6,649 3,591 2,756 1,030 1,357 2,721 3,452 3,924 2,413 '-8 'mn,l 6 oland 0. 3(111 1109 4,509 2,254 3,226 3.524 5,903 10,394 6 769 7 862 11 277 10,490 17,522 17 9811 18 428 01 'j40 Spain and Portugal ...... 637 417 767 463 302 242 311 190 105 210 215 -219 219 186 . 178 323 1-8 Swe(Ie,p and lorayw ...... 5, 890 4,115 4,835 4,942 1,647 25,643 36,011 44,503. 33,257 22,141 18, 197 16.229 22,107 27,283 21,003 16, 467 Switzerland ...... 8115 668 669 771 1, 322 3,004 5, 294 5, 182 6, 522 4,982 ' 2, 7611 2,440 2,523 3,471 2, 7318 2,090 732 19 100 35 162 32 143 79 90 123 444 595 440 1,420 732 607 415 Other Europe ...... I 02 British North America ...... 10, 318 8.748 7,735 10,014 16,500 45,052 7 933 57,589 50,197 39,670 23,953 (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) Mexico ...... 186 237 135 129 126 181 110 115 120 374 107 (a) (a) (a) (a) (aJ West Indies ...... 812 553 629 344 338 498 527 467 240 651 804 948 1,730 . 1,708 1,852 1,201 Central and South America ...... §7 73 45 42 39 54 66 65 14 45 25 • 92 159 163 159 190 AsiO and Oceanica ...... 1. 1231 1,193 468 676 705 561 652 1188, 402 43.9 215 508 620 1,207 1,208 1,452 ,Afric't ...... 21 23 . 10 8 7 11 16 14 - 28 6 17 12 5 28 22 16 Islands of the Atlantic ...... 226 215 283 177 59 101 208 214 1 104 130 305 143 118 263 340 669 Bornaf,sea ...... 55 23 21 13 31 60 c99 99, 74 86J 67 55 63 57 55 50 lot'il I523 71111 63316 62622 8172 217 446 3o 670 402 83a 322 318 7702'l1 730 T175727(224, 071 243900 08761 1950 Totals: Professional ...... 2, 426 2,400 1, 885 1,510 1, 639 1, 773 2,812 992 ' 2,450 2,284 2, 097 2,078 2,882 3; 360 21 815 3,236 Skilled ...... 33.80.3 24,200 21, 006 16,531 21,302 49,929 66,457 664 02,505 55,001 39,817 30,522 52,403 59,985 50,457 1 44,540 Miscellaneous ...... 84, 546 72,275 55, 650 57, 806 73, 0532 188, 109 244,4 92 501 216,049 184, 195 141,702 1137,651 210,751 239, 044 182,394 211,756 No occupation and occupation not stated ...... 100,. 723 71, 111 03,316 62, 622 81, 772 217,446 1355, 670 835 322,318 277,052 211,730 1157, 952 4224,063 243, 000 208, 761 195, 770 Total ...... 227, 408 169,986 141,857 138, 469 177, 826 457,257 609, 431 992 603, 322 518,592 395,346 334, 203 1490,109 '546,889 444,427 ( 455,302 I 4 a Immigrants from the 'British North American i'ossessiOns and Mexico not included since July 1, 1885. b Included in "Other Austria." c Of these, 13 picked up at sea. 0-3 58 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATrON.

IMMIGRATION LAWS. The restrictive legislation of the Government with respect to imm, gration, prior to the act of May 6, 1882, suspending the immigration t (1hinese laborers, was confined to the prohibition of the cooly trad involuntary immigration, and the exclusion of certain defective and 6, 7 linquent classes. Following are the immigration laws, not includillg the acts restrictin Chineseimmigration: REou1ATloN OF IMIIIGItATI0N. AN ACT to regulate immigration. Be it enacted by the Senate and IIoue of Represen.tatines of the Unitd States of America in Congress asse,nb led, That there shall be levied, collected, and paid a duty of fifty cents for each and every passenger not it citizen of the United States who shall come by steam or sail vessel from a foreign port to any port within the United States. The said duty shall be paid to the collector of customs of the port to which such passenger shall come, or if there be no collector at such port, then to the collector of customs nearest thereto, by the master, owner, agent, or consignee of every such vessel, within twenty-four hours after the entry thereof into such port. The money thus collected shall be paid into the United states Treasury, and shall eostitute a fund to be called the immigrant fund, and shall be used, under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury, to defray the expense of regulating immigration under this act, and for the care of' iininigrantsarriving in the United States, for the relief of such as are in distress, and for the general purposes and expenses of carrying this act into effect. The duty imposed by this section shall be a lien upon the vessels which shall bring such passengers into the United States, and shall be a debt in favor of the United States against the owner or owners of such vessels; and the pay- ment of such duty may be enforced by any legal or equitable remedy. Provided, That no greater sun, shall be expended for the ptiiposes hereinbefore mentioned, at any port, than shall have been collected at such p'oit. Sxc. 2. That the Secretary of the Treasury is hereby charged with the duty of executing the provisions of this act and with supervision over the business of jinmi- gration to the United States, and for that purpose he shad] have power to enter into contracts with such State commission, board, or officers as may be designated for that purpose by the governor of any State to take charge of .the local affairs of immigration in th ports within sai(l State, and to provide for the support and relief of such immigrants therein landing as may fall into distress or need public aid, tinder the rules and regulations to be prescribed by said Secretary; and it shall be the dnty of such State, commission, board, or officers so designated to examine into the condition ofpassengers arriving at the ports within such State in any ship or vessel, and for that purpose all or any of such commissioners or officers, or such other person or persons as thy shall appoint, shall be anthotizeil to go on board of and through anTsilch ship or vessel; and if on such examination there shall be found ainoiIg such passengers any convict, lunatic, idiot, or any person unable to take care of hitnselfor herself without becoming a public charge, they shall report the same in writing to the collector of such port, and such persons shall not be 11cr- mitted to land. Sic. 3. That the Secretary of the Treasary shall establish such regulations and rules and issue froiti time to time such insfruetioies not inconsistent with law as he shall deem best calculated to Protect the United States and immigrants into the United States from fraud ind loas, an 1 for carrying out the proeisious of this act and the immigration laws of the United States; and.hu shall prescribe all forms of bonds, entries, and other papers to be used under and in the enforcement of the various provisions of this act. Sc. 4. That all foreigii convicts except those convicted of political offenses; upon arrival, shall besent,back to the nations to which they belong and from whence they came. The Secretary of the Treasury may designete the State board of charities of any State in which such board shall exist by law, or any commission in any State, or any person or persons in aiy State whose duty it shall be to execute the provisions of this section without compensation. The Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe regulations for the return of the aforesaid persons to the countries from whence they came, and shall furnish instructions to the board, commission, or persons charged with the exeention of the provisions of this section as to the mode of procedure in respect thereto, and may change suchuinstrnctiolls from time to time. The expense of such return of the aforesaid persons not permitted to land shall be borne by the owners of the vessels in which they came. Sxc. 5. That this act shall take effect immediately. Approved, August 3, 1882. REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION. 59

PJtornnrrLcG 'rilE 1N1?0IITATION or FoluiIGx LABoRERS UNDER CONTRACT.

ORIGINAL ACT.

AN ACT to prohibit the importation aiid immigration Of' foreigilers and 5110118 iimler contract or agreement to perlbrm labor in the United States, its Territories, and the l)itrie.t of Columbia.

Be it eaacted by the Senate nd Hoeso of Represeatativos of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That from and after the passage of this act it shall be unlaw- fiil for any person, company, partnership, or corporation,'in any manner whatsoever, to prepay the transportation, or in any ivay assist or encourage the importation or migration of any alien or aliens, any foreigner or foreigners, into the United States, its Territories, or the District of Columbia, under contract or agreement, parol or special, express or implied, made previous to the importation or migration of such alien or aliens, foreigner or foreigners, to perform labor or service of any kind in the United Slates, its Territories, or the District, of Columbia. Sxc. 2. That all contracts or agreements, express or implied, parol or special, which may hereafter be made by and 1)etween any person, company, prtnerhip or corporation, and any foreigner or foreigners, alien or aliens, to perform labor or service or having reference to the performance of labor or service by any person in the United States, its Territories, or the District of Columbia previous to the migration or unportation of the person or persons whose labor or service is contracted for into the United States, shall be uterly void and of no effect. Ssc. 3. 'I'hat for every violation of any of the provisions of section one of this act the person, partnership, company, or corporation violating the same, by knowingly assisting, encouraging or soliciting the 'migration 01', importation of an alien or aliens, foreigner or foreigners, into the United Sta.tes, its Territories, or the l)istrict. of Columbia, to perform labor or service of any kind under contract or agreement, expres or implied, parol or special, with such alien oi' aliens, foreigner or foreigners, previous to becoming residents or citizens of the United States, shall forlèit and pay for every such offense the sum of one thousand dollars, which may be sued for and recovered by the United States or by any person who shall first bring his action therefor, including any such alien or foreigner who may l)e,. party to any such contract or agreement, as debts of like amount are now recovered in the circuit courts, of the United States; the proceeds to be paid into the Treasiry of the United States; and separate suits may be brought for eachalien or foreigner being a party to such contract or agreement aforesaid. And it shall be the duty of the district attorney of the proper district to prosecute, every such suit at the expense of the United States. Siic. 4.,T hat the master of any vessel who shall knowingly bring within the United States on any such vessel, and land, or perini I to be landed, from any foreign port or place, any alien laborer, mechanic, or artisan who, previous to embarkatioii on such vessel, had entered into contract or agreement, parol or special, express or implied, to perform ]abpr or service in the United States, shall be deemed guilty of a misde- Ineanor, and on convidtion thereof, shall be punished by a fine of not more than five' hundred dollars for each and every such alien laborer, mechanic or artisan so brought as aforesaid, and may also be imprisoned for a term'not exceeding. six months. Suc. 5. That nothing in this' dot shall be so construed as to prevent any citizen or subject of any foreign country temporarily residing in the United States, either in private or official capacity from engaging, nuder contract or otherwise, persons not residents or citizens of the United States to act as private secretaries, servants, or domestics for such foreigner temporarily residing in the United States as aforesaid; nor shall this act be so constrneil as to prevent auy person, or persons, partnerships, or corporations from engaging, undcr contract or agreement, skilled workmen in foreign countries to perform labor in the United States in or upon any new industry not at present established in the United States: Provided, That skilled labor for that purpose cannot otherwise be obtained ,"nor shall the provisions of this act apply to. professional actors, artists; lectarers, or singers, nor to persons employed strictly as. personal or domestic servants: Provided, That nothing in this act shall be construed as prohibitin any individual from assisting ay member of his fhinily or any rela- tire or personal friend, to migrate from any foreign country to the United States, for the purpose of settlement here. SEc. 6. That all laws or parts of laws conflicting herewith be, and the same are hereby, repealed. Approved, February 26, 1885 (23 Stat., 332). 60 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENI)ENT OF IMMIGRATION.

AMENDATORY ACT.

AN A CT to PI-ollibit the importation and immigration of-foreii,crs and aliens nuder con-tract or agreement to perforru labor in the United States, the Tcrritor,e, and the District of Columbia. Be it enacted by the Sen ate and Ho,ise of Representatives of the United States of America fat Congress a8senlb led, That an act to prohibit the importation and immigration of foreigners and aliens under èontract or agreement to perform labor in the United States, its Territories, and the l)istrict of Columbia, approved February twenty- sixth, eighteen hundred and eighty-five, and to provide for the enforcement thereof, be amended by adding the following: "Sxc. 6. That the Secretary of the Treasury is hereby charged with the duty of executing the provisions of this act, and for that purpose he shall have power to enter into contracts with such State commission, board, or officers as may be designated for that purpose by the governor of any State to take charge of the local iffairs of immigration in the ports within said State, under the rules and regulations to beprescribed by said Secretary; and it shall be the duty of such State commission, board, or officers so designated to examinh into the condition of passengers arriving ht the ports within such State in any ship or vessel, and for that purpose all or any of such cominissiaers or officers; or such other person or persons as they shall appoint, shall be authorized to go on board of and through any such ship or vessel; and if in such examinatioii there shall be found among such passengers any person included in the prohibition in this act, they shall report the same in c';iting to the collector of such port and such pea-son shall not be permitted to land. "SEc.?. That the ecretary of the Treasury shall establish such regulations and rules, and issue from time to time such instructions, not inconsistent with law, as he shall deem best calculated for carrying out the provisions of this act; and he shall prescribe all forms of bonds, entries, and other papers to be used under and in the enforce,nent of the various provisions of this act. "Sue. 8. That all persons included in the prohibition in this act, upon arrival, shall be sent back to the nations to which they belong and fromwheuce they came. The Secrei ary of the Treasury may designate the State board of charities of any State in which such board shall exist by. law, or any co1nmission iii any State, or any person or persons inauy State, whose duty it shall be to execute the provisions f this section, and shall be entitled to reasonable compensation therefor, to be fixed by regulation presciil)ed by the Secretary of the Treasury. The Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe regulatidns for the return of the aforesaid persons to the -countries from whence they caine, and shall furnish instructions to the board, commission, or persons charged with the execution of the provisions of this section as to the time of procedure in respect thereto, and may change such instructions from time to time. The expense of such return of the aforesaid persons not permitted to • land shall be borne by the owners of the vessels in which they caine. And any vessel refuing to pay such expenses shall not thereafter be permitted to land at or -clear from any port of the United States. And such expensesshall be a lien on said vessel.' That the necessary expense in the execution of this act for the present fiscal year shall be paid out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise a-ppropri- sited. "SEC. 9. That all acts and parts of acts inconsistent with this act-are hereby repealed. - - "SEC. 10. That this act shall take effect at the expiration of thirty days after its - passage." Approved, February 23, 1887 (24 Stat., 414).

A!ENDMENT TO TI-tlt ALIEN CONTRACT-LABOR LAW CONTAINED IN THE DEFI- CIENCY BILL, APPROVED OCTOBER 19, 1888 (25 STAT., 566).

That the act approved February twenty-third, eighteen hundred and eighty-seven, entitled "Au act to amend an act to prohibit the importation and immigration of foreigners and aliens nuder contract or agreement to perform labor in the United States, its Territories, and the District of Columbia," be, and the same is hereby, so amended as to authorize the Secretary of the Treasury, in case that he shall be satis- fled that an immigrant has been allowed to land coutrary to the prohibition of that law, to cause such immigrant within the period of one year after landing or entry, to be taken into custody and returned to the country from whence he came, at the -expense of the owner of the importing vessel; -or, if he entered from an adjoining ountry, at the expense of the person previously contracting for the services. 'REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION. 61.

AMENDMENT TO IMMIGRATION AD ALIEN CONTRACT-LABOR LAWS.

AN ACT in amendment to the various ncts relative to immigration and the importation of aliens under contract or agreement to perform labor. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Bqpresentative8 of the United States of Amer- ica in Conqi'e68 assembled, That the following classes of aliens $hall be excluded from admission into the United States, in accordance with the existing acts regulating im-, migration, other than those concerning Chinese laborers: All idiots, insane persons, paupers, or persons likely to become a public charge, persons suffering from a loathsome or a dangerous contagious disease, persons who have been convicted of a felony or other infamous crime or misdemeanor involving moral turpitude, polygamists, and also any person Whose ticket or passage is pa.id for with the money of another or who is assisted by others to come, unless it is affirmatively and satisfactorily shown on special inquiry that such person does not belong to onem of the foregoing excluded classes, or to the class of contract laborers excluded by the act of February twenty-six, eighteen hundred and eighty-five, but this section shall not be held to exclude persons living in the United States from sending for a relative or friend who Is not of the excluded classes under such regulations as the Secretary of the Treas- ury may prescribe: Provided, That nothing in this act shall be construed to apply to or exclude persons convicted of a political offense, notwithstanding said political offense may be designated as a "felony, crime, infamous crime, or misdemeanor, involving moral turpitude" by the laws of the land whence he came or by the court convictin. SEC. 2. I'hat no'suit or proceeding for violations of said act of February twenty- sixth, eighteen hundred and eighty-five, prohibiting the importation and migration of foreigners under contract or agreement to perform labor, shall be settled, compromised, or discontinued without the consent of thb court entered of record with reasons therefor. SEc. 3. That it shall be deemed a violation of said act of February twenty-sixth, eighteen hundred and eighty-five, to assist or encourage the importation or migration of any alien by promise of employment through advertisements printed and published in any foreign country; and any alien coming to this country in conse- queuce of such an advertisement shall betreated as coining under a contract as con- teuiplated by such act; and the penalties by said act imposed shall be applicablç in such a case: Provided, This section shall not apply to States and immigration bureaus of States advertising the inducements they offer for immigration to such States. Sl;c. 4. That' no steamship or transportation company' or owners of vessels shall directly, or through agents, either by writing, printing, or oral represimtations, solicit, invite, or encourage the immigration of any alien into the United States except by ordinary commercial letters, circulate, advertisements, or oral representa- tions, stating the sailing of their vessels and the terms and facilities of transportation therein; aimcl for a violation of this provision any such steamship or transportation company, and any such owners of vessels, and the agents by them employed, shall be subjected to the penalties imposed by the third section of said act of February twenty-sixth, eighteen hundred and eightyflve, for violations of the provisions of the first section of said act. Sic. 5. That section five of said act of February twenty-sixth, eighteen hundred and eighty-live, shall be, and hereby is, amended by adding to the second proviso in said section the words "nor to ministers of any religious denomination, nor per-. sons belonging to any recognized profession, nor professors for colleges and semi- naries," and by excluding from the second proviso of said section the words "or any relative or personal friend." Sc. 6. That any person who shall bring into or land in the United States by vessel or otherwise, or who shall aid to bring into or land in the United States by vessel or otherwise, any alien not lawfully entitled to enter the United States shall be. deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall, on conviction, be punished by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars, or by imprisonmen5 for a term not exceeding one year, or by both such fine and imprisonment. SEC.?. That the office of superintendent of immigration is : hereby cinated and established, and the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, is authorized and directed to appoint such officer, whose salary small be four thousand dollars per annum payable monthly. The superintendent of immigration shall be an officer In the Treasury Department, mder thecontrol and supervision of the Secretary of the Treasury, to whom he shall make annual reports in writing of the. transactions of his office, together with such special reports, in writing, as the Secre- tary of the Treasury shall Tequire. The Secretary shall provide the superintendent with a suitably furnished office in the city of Washington, and with such books of record and facilities for the discharge of the duties of his office as may be necessary. 2 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION.

He shall have a chief clerk, at a salary of two thousand dollars per annum, and two ñrst-class clerks. Sic. 8. That upon the arrival by water at any place within the United States of .an alien immigrants it shall be he duty of the commanding officel- and the agents of the steam or sailing vessel by which they came to report the name, nationality, iast residence, and destination of every such alien, before an y of them are landed, -to tile proper inspection officers, who shall thereupon go or scud competent assist- .ants on board such vessel and there inspect all such aliens, or the inspection officers thay order a temporary removal of such aliens for examination at a designated time and place, andy then and there detain them until a thorough inspection is made. But such aemoval shall not be considered a landing during the pendency of such examination. Time medical examination shall be made by surgeons of the Marine-Hos- pital Service. In cases where the services of a Marine-Hospital surgeon can not be obtained without causing unreasonable delay the inspector may cause an alien to be examined by a civil surgeon, and the Secretary of the Treasury shall fix the conipemi- sation for such examination. The inspection officers and their asistants shall have power to administer oaths, and to take and consider testimony touching the right of any such aiiens to enter the United States, all of which shall be entered of ,record. During such inspection aftei temporary removal the superintendent shall banse such .aliento be properly housed, fed, and cared for, and also, in his discretion, such t are delayed in proceeding to their destination after inspection. All decisions made by the inspection officers or their assistants touching the right of any alieii to land, when adverse to such right, shall be linal unless appeal be taken to the snprintend- -cut of imurmigration, whose action shall be subject to review by te Secretary of the Treasury. it shall be the duty of the aforesaid officers and agents of such vessel to adopt due precautions to prevent the landing of ally alien immigrant at any place -or time other than that designated by the inspection officers, and any such officer or agent or person in charge of such vessel who shall either knowingly ornegligently land or pci-mit to land any alien imninigramit at any place or time other than that designated by the inspection officers, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and punished by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars, or by imprisonment for a term not exceeding one yeari or by both such fine and iinpm-isouuunent. That the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe rules for imisection along the borders of Canada, British Columbia, and Mexico so as not to obstruct or uuneces- sa'ly delay, impede, or annoy passengers in ordinary travel between said countries: Provided, That not exceeding one inspector shall he appointed for each customs district, and whose salary shall not exceed twelve hundred doliars per year. All duties imposed and powers conferred by the second section of the act of Au- gust third, eighteen hundred and eightytwo, upon State commissioners, boards, or officers acting under contract with the Secretary of the Treasury shaLl be performed and exercised, as occasion may arise, -by the inspection officers of the United States. SEC. 9. That for the preservation of the peace and in order that arrests may be made for Crimes under the laws of the States where the various United States immigrant stations are located, the officials in charge of such stations as occasion may require shall admit therein the proper State and municipal officers charged with the -enforcement of such laws, and for the purposes of this section the jurisdiction of such officers and of the local courts shall etend over such stations. Sxc. 10. That all aliens who may unlawfully come into the United States shall, if practicable, be immediately sent back on the yessel by which they were brought in. The cost of their maintenance while on laud, as well as the expense of the return of such aliens, shall be borne by the owner or owners of the vessel on which such aliens came; and if any master, agent, consignee, or owner of such vessel shall refuse to- receive back oum board the vessel such aliens, or shall neglect to detaip. them thereon, or shall refuse or neglect to return them to the port from which they e?ime, or to pay the cost of their maintenance while on land, such master, agent, •consgnee,. or owner shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall be punished •by nline not less than three hundred dollars for each and every offense; and any such vessel shall not have clearance from any port of the United States while any such fine is unpaid. SEC. 11. That any alieuiwho shall come into the United States in violation of law may be returned as by law provided, at any time within one year thereafter, at the expense of the person or persons, vessel, transportation company or corporation briuging such alien into the United States, and if that can not be fone, then at the expense of the United States; vend any alien who becomes a public charge within one year after his arrival in the United States from causes existing prior to his landing therein shall be deemed to have come in violation of law and shall be returned as aforesaid. Suc. 12. That nothing contained in this act shall be construed to affect any prosecution or other proceeding, criminal or civil, begun under any existing act or any act hereby amended, but such prosecution or other proceedings, criminal or civil, shall proceed as if this act had not been passed. REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT oF,IMMrnRATI0N. 63

Sic. 13. That the circuit and district courts of the United States are hereby in- vested with full and concurrent jurisdiction of all causes, civil and criminal, arising under any of the provisions of this act; and this act shall go into effect onthe first day of April, eighteen hundred and ninety-one. Approved, March 3, 1891.

THE CAIiRJAUE OF EMIGRANT PASSENGERS BY SEA JP0N STEAM AND OTHER VES- SELS.

AN ACT to regulate the carriage of passengers by sea.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of Amer- ica in Congress assembled, That it shall not be lawful for the master of a steamship or other vessdl whereon emigrant passengers, or passengers other than cabin passengers, hayc been taken at any port or place in a foreign country or dominion (ports and places in foreign territory contiguous to the United States excepted) to bring such vessel and passengers to any port or l)laco in the United States unless the corn- partuhents, spaces, and accommodations hereinafter mentioned have been provided, allotted, maintained, and used for arid by such passengers during the entire voyage; that is to say, in a ateamsiip, the compartments or spaces, unobstructed by cargo, stores, orgoods, shall be of sufficient dimensions to alIo for each and every passen- er carried or brought therein one hundred cubic feet, if the compartment or space is located on the main deck or on the first deck next below the main deck of the yes- e1, and one hundred and twenty cubic feet for each passenger carried or brought therein if the compartment or space is located on the second deck below the main deck of the vessel; and it,shall not be lawful to carry or bring passengers onany deck other than the decks above mentioned. And in sailing-vessels such passengers shall be carried or brought only on the deck (not being an orlop deck) that is next below the main deck of thevessel, or in a 1)001) or deck-house constructed on the main deck; and the comparhnent or space, unobstructed by cargo,-stores, or goods 1 shall be of sufficient dimensions to aioni one huntired and ten cubic feet to each and every passenger brought therein. And such passengers shall not be carried or brought in any between-decks, nor in any compartment, space, poop, or deck-house the height of which from deck to deck is less than six feet. In computing the nuniber of such passeligers carried or brought in any vessel, children under one year of age shall not be included, and two children between one and eight years of ae shall be counted as one passenger- and any person brought in such vessel who shal have been, daring the voyage, talcen from any other vessel wrecked or in distress on the high seas, or have been picked up at sea from any boat, raft, or otherwise, shall not be included in such computation. The master of a vessel coming to a port or place in the United States in violation of either of the provisions of this section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor; and if the number of passengers other than cabin passengers carried or brought in the vessel, or in any compartment, space, poop, or deck-house thereof, is greater than the number allowed to be carried or brought therein, respectively, as hereinbefore prescribed, the said master shall be fined fifty dollars for each and every passenger in excess of the proper number, and may also be imprisoned not exceeding six months. SEc. 2. That in every such steamship or other vessel there shall be a sufficient number of berths for the proper accommodation, as hereinafter provided, of all such passengers. There shall not be on any deck nor in any compartment or space occupied by such passengers more than two tiers of berths. The berths shall be properly constructed, and be separated from each other by partitions, as berths ordinarily are separated, and each berth shall be at least two feet in width and six feet in length; and the interval between the floor or lowest part of the lower tier of berths andthe deck beneath them shall not be less than six inches, nor the interval between each tier of berths, and the interval between the uppermost tier and the deck above it, less than two feet six inches; and each berth shall be occupied by not more than one passenger over eight years of age; but double berths of twice the above-mentioned width may be provided, each double berth to be occupied by no more and by iione other than two women, or by one woman and two children under the age of eight years, or by husband and wife, or by a man and two of his own childfen under the age of eight years, or by two men personally aquainted with each other. All the male passengers upwards of fourteen years of age who do not occupy berths with their wives shall be berthed in the fore part of the vessel, in a compartment divided front the space or spaces appropriated to the other passengers by a substantial id well-secured bulkhead; andUnmarried female passengers shall be berthed in a tnipartment separated from the spaces occupied by other passengers by a snbstan- 64 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMlIGRATION.

tial and well-constructed bulkhead, the opening or communication from which to an adjoining passenger space shall be so constructed that it can be closed and secured. Familiet, however, shall not be separated except with their consent.. Each berth shall be numbered serially, on the outside berth-board, according to the number of 'passengers that may lawfully occupy the berth; and the berths occupied by such passengers shall not be removed or taken clown until the expiration of twelve hours from the time of entry, unless previously inspectc(l within a shorter period. For any violation of either of the provisions of this section the master of time vessel shall be liablç to a fine of five dollars for each passenger carried or broughiton the vessel. Sxc. 3. That every such steamship or other vessel shall have adequate provialon for affording light and air to the passenger-decks and to the compartments ,sad spaces occupied by such passengers, and with adequate means and appliances for ventilating the said compartments and spaces. To compartments having sufficient space for fifty or more of such passengers at least two ventilators, each not less than twelve inches in diameter, shall be provided, one of which ventilators shall be inserted in the for- ward part of the compartment, and the other in the after part thereof, andshall be so constructed as to ventilate the compartment; and additional ventilators shall he provided for each compartment in the proportion of two veutilators for each additional fifty of such passengers carried or brought in the compartment. All ventilators shall be carried at least six feet above the uppermost deck of the vessel, and shall be of th_ most approved form and construction. In any steamship the ventilating apparatus providcd,'or a.nyrnethod of ventilation adopted thereon, which has been approved by the proper emigration officers at the port or place from which such vessel was cleared, shall be deemed a compliance with the foregoing provisions; and in all vessels carrying or bringing such passengers there shall be properly-constructed hatchways over the compartments or spaces occupied by such passengers, which hatch- way shall be property covered with houses or booby hatches, and the combings or sills of which shall risc at least six inches above the deck; and there shall be proper companion-ways or ladders from cachhatchway leading to the compartments or spaces occupied by such passengers; and the said companion-ways or ladders shall be se- curely constructed1 and be provided with hand-rails or strong rope, and, when the weather will perant, such passengers shall have the use of each hatohway situated over the compartments or spaces appropriated to their use; and every vssol carrying or bringing such passengers shall have a properly locatedand constructed caboose and cooking range, or other cooking apparatus, the dimensions and capacity of which shall be sufficient, to provide for pioperly cooking and eparing the food of all such assengers. In every vessel carrying or bringing such 'passengers there shall be at Feast two wa,tcr-cloiets or privies, and an additional water-closet or privy for every one hundred male passengers on board, for the exclusive use of such male passengers, and an additional water-closet or privy for every fifty female pasengers on board, for the exclusive use of the female passengers and young children on board. The aforesaid water-closets and privies shall be properly ijiclosed and located on each side of the vessel, and shall be separated from passengers' paces by substantial and properly- constru cted parti tiws or bulkheads; an U the water-closets and pci vies shall be kept and maintained in a serviceable and cleanly condition throughout the voyage. For any violation of either of the provisions of this section, or for any neglect to conform to the requirements thereof, the master of the vessel shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding tn o hundred and fifty dollars. Sicc. 4. An allowance of good, wholesome., and proper food, with a reasonable quantity of fresh provisions, which food shall be equal in value to one and a half navy rations of the United States, and of fresh water not less than four quarts per day, shall be furnished each of such passengers. Three meals shall be served daily, at regular and stated hours, of which hours sufficient notice shall be given. If any such passengers shall at any time during the voyage be put on short allowance for food and water, the master of the vessel shall pay to each passenger three dollars for each and every day the passenger may have been put on short allowance, eccept in case of accidents, where the captain'is obliged toput the passengers on short allowance. Mothers with infants and young children shall be furnished the necessary antity of wholesome milk or condensed milk for the sustenance of the latter. Rbles and seatS shall be provided for the use of passengers at regular meals. And for every wilful violation of any of the provisions of this section the master of the vessel shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be fined not more than five hundred dollars, and be imprisoned for a term not exceeding six months. The en- forceinent of this penalty, however, shall not affect the civil responsibility of the master and owners of the vessel to such passengers as may have suffered from any negligence, breach of contract, or default on the part of such master and owners. SEC. 5. That in every such steamship or other vessel there shall be properly built and secured, or divided off from other spaces, two compartments or spaces to he used exclusively as hospitals for suoh passengers, one for men and the other for women. The hospitals shall be located in a space not below the deck nett below the main deck REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF D1MIRATION. 65

of the vessel. The hospital spaces shall in no case be less than in the proportion of eighteen clear superficial feet for every fifty such passengers who are carried or brought on the vessel, and such hospitals shall be. supplied with proper beds, bedding, and utensils, and be kept so supplied throughout the voyage. And every steamship or other vessel carrying or bringing emigrant passengers, orpasseners other than ca;bin passengers,, exceeding fifty in number, shall carry a duly-qualified and competent surgeon or medical practitioner, who shall be rated as inch in the ship's articles, and who shall be provided with surgical instruments, medical comforts, and medicines proper and necessary for diseases.and achidents incident to sea voyages, and for the proper medical treatment of such passengers during the voyage, and with such articles of food and nourishment as may be proper and necessary for preserving the health of Pfants and young children; and the services of such surgeon or medical practitioner, shall be promptly given, in any case of sickness or disease, to any of the passengers, or 'to any infant or young child of any such passengers, who may need his services. For a violation of either of the provisions of this section the master of the vessel shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding two hundred and fifty dollars. Sxc. 6. That the master of every such steamship or other vessel is authorized to maintain good dIscipline and such habits of cleanliness among such passengers as will tend to the preservation and promotion of health, and to that end he will cause uch regulations as he may adopt for such purpose to be posted up on board the vessel, in a place or places accessible to such passengers, and shall keel) the same so posted up during the voyage. The said master shall cause the compartments and spaces provided for, or occupied by, such passengers to be kept at all times in a cleati and healthy condition, and to be, as often as may be necessary, disinfected with chloride of lime, or by some other equally efficient disinfectant. Whenever the state of the weather will permit, such passengers and their bedding shall he mustered on deck, and a clear and sufficient space on the main or any upper deck of the vessel shall be set apart, and so kept, for the use and exercise of such passengers during the voyage. For each neglect or violation of any of the provisions of this section the master of the vessel shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding two hundred and fifty dollars. / SEc. 7. That neither the officers, seamen, n9r other persons employed on any such steamship or dther vessel shall visit or frequent any part of the vessel provided or, assigned to the use of such passemigel's, except by the direction and permission of the master of such vessel first made or given for such purpose; and every officer, seaman, or other person employed on board of such vessel who shall violate the provisions of this section shall be decmed guilty of a ]nis(lemeaiior, and may be fined. not exceeding one hundred dollars, ted be imprisohed not exceeding twenty days, for each violation; and the master of such vessel who directs or permits any officer,, seaman, or other person employed on board the vessel to visit or frequent any part. df the vessel provided for or assigned to the use of such passengers, or the compartments 01-spaces occupied by such passengers, except for the purpose of doing or per- forming some neecssabry act or duty as an officer, seaman, or other person employed. on board of the vessel, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and may be fined no, more than one hundred doflars for each time lie directs or permits the provisions of this section to be violated. A. cOpy of this section, written or printed in the languag& or principal languages of the passengers on board, shall, by or under the dirtiou. of the master of the vessel, be posted in a conspicuous place on the forecastle and in the sevefal parts of the vessel provided mid assigned for the use of such passengers and in each compartnidnt or space occupied by such passengers, and the same shall be kept so posted during the voyage; and if the said master neglects so to do, be shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall be fined not more than one hun- dre' dollars • ., ç. 8. Th t shailnot be lawfulto take, carry, or have on board of any such steamship or other v i sel any nitroglycerine, dynamite, or any other explosive article or com- pound, nor any vitriol or like acids, nor gunpowder, except for the ship's use, nor any article or number of articles, whether as a cargo or ballast, which, by reason of the nature or quantity or mode of storage thereof, shall, either singly or collectively, be likely to endanger the health or lives of the passengers or the safety of the vessel, and horses, cattle; or other animals takexi on board of or brought in any such vessel shall not be carried on any deck below the deck on which passengers are berthed, nor in any compariment in which passengers are berthed, nor in any adjoining compartment except in a vessel built of iron, and of which the compartments are divided off by water.tiht bulkheads extending to the upper deck. For every violation of any of the provisions of this section the master of the vessel shall be deemed guilty of amis- demeanor, and shall be fined not exceeding one thousard dollars and be imprisoned for a period not exceeding one year. \ '' c. 9. That it shall not be lawful for the master of any such steamship or other vessm ml, not in distress, 4fter the arrival of the vessel within any collection district of 10804 IM_7L5 66 REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION.

the United States, to allow any person or persons, except a pilot, officer of the ens- tome, or health officer, agents of the vessel, and consuls, to come on board of the vessel or to leave the vessel until the vessel has been taken ii charge by an officer of the customs, nor, after charge so taken, without leave of such officer, until all the passengers, with their baggage, have been duly landed from the vessel; and on the arrival of any such steamship or other vessel within any collection district of the United States the master thereof shall deliver to the officer of customs who first comes on board the vessel and makes demand therefor a correct list, signed by the master, of all the pa'ssengers taken on board the vessel at any foreign port or place, specifying separately the names of the cabin passengers, their age, sex, calling, and the country of whieh'they are citizens, and the number of pieces of baggage belonging to each passenger, and also the name, age, sex, calling, and native country of each emigrant passenger or passengers other than cabin passengers, and their in- tended destination or location, and the number of pieces of baggage belonging to each passenger, and also the location of the compartment or space occupied by each of such passrgers during the voyage; and if any of such passengers died on the voyage, the said lYst shall siecify the name, age, and cause of death of each deceased passenger; and a duplicate of the aforesaid list of passengers, verifled by the oath of the master, shall, with the manifest of the cargo, be delivered by the master to the collector of custons on the entry of the veisel. For a violation of either of the provisions of this section, or for permitting or neglecting to prevent a violatio thereof, the master of the vessel shall be liable to a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars. SEC. 10. That in case there shall have occurred on board any suchsteamship or other vessel any death among such passengers during the voyage, the master or consignees of the vessel shall, within forty-eight hours after the arrival of the vessel within a collection district of the United State,s, or within twenty-four hours after the entry of the vessel, pay to the collector of customs of such district the sum of ten dollars for each and every such passenger over the age of eight years who shall have died on the voyage by natural disease; and the master or consignees of any vessel who neglect or refuse to pay such collector, within the times hereinbefore prescribed, the sums of money aforesaid, shall be liable to a penalty of fifty dollars in addition to the sum required to be paid as aforesaid for eacl passenger whose death occurred on the voyage. All sums of money paid to any collector under the provisions of this section shall be by him paid into the Treasury of the United States, in such manner and under such regulations as shall be 'prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury. Sxc. 11. That the collector of customs of the collection district within which, or the surveyor of the port at which, any such steamship or other vessel arrives, shall direct an inspector or other officer of the customs to make an exa,mivation of the vessel, and to admeasure the compartments or spaces occupied by the emigrant passengers, or passengers other than cabin passengers, (luring the voyage; and such meas- urement shall be made in the manner provided by law for admeasuring vessels fov tonnage; and to compare the number of such passengers found on board with the list of such passengers furnished by the master to the customs officer; and the said inspector or other officer shall make a report to the aforesaid collector or surveyor, stating the port of departure, the time of sailing, the length of the voyage, the ventilation, the number of such passengers on board the vessel, and their native country, respectively; the cubic quantity of each compartment or space, and the number of berths and passengers in each space; the kind and quality of the food furnished such passengers on the voyage; the number of deaths, and the age and sex of those who died during the voyage, and of' what disease; and in case there was any unusual sickness or mortality during the voyage, to report whether the same was caused by any neglect or violation of the provisions of this act, or by the want of proper care against disease by the master or owners of the vessel; and the said report.:iall be forwarded to the Secretary of the Treasury at such times and in sucl anner shall direct. SEc. 12. That the provisions of this act shall apply to every steamship or other vessel whereon emigrant passengers, or passengers other than cabin passengers, are taken on board at a port or place in the United States for conveyance to any port or place in a foreign country except foreign territory contiguous to the United States, and shall umlso apply to any veasel whereon such passengers are taken on board a any port or plcc of the United States on the Atlantic Ocean or its tributaries fo conveyance to a port or place on the Pacific Ocean or its tributaries, or vice versa and whether the voyage of said essel is to be continuous from port to port, or sue passeners are to be conveyed from port to port in part by the way of any overlan route tuirough Mexico or Central America; and the said collector of customs ma' rect an examination of the vessel to be made by an inspector or other officer oi customs, who shall make the examination and report whether the provisicrns of a

act have been complied with in respect to such vessel, and the said collector •" - thorized to withhold the clearance of such vessel until the coining in of such rd REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF IMMIGRATION. 67 and if ihe said report ahall show that any of the provisions-of this act have not been complied with, the sollector is authorized and directed to withhold the clearance of such vessel until the said provisions are complied with and if any such vessel leaves the aforesaid port or place without having been duly cleared by the collector of customs, the master shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and may be fined not exceeding one thousand dollars and be imprisone& not exceeding one year, and the vessel shall be liable to seizure and forfeiture. Snc. 13. That the amount of the several fines and penalties imposed by any section of this act upon the master of any steamship or other vessel carrying or bringing emigrant passengers, or passengers other than cabin passengers, for any violation of the provisions of this act shall be liens upon such vessel, and such vessel may be libeled therefor in any circuit or district court of the United States where such vessel shall arrive or depart. SEC. 14. That this act shall come into operation and take effect ninety days after the passage of this act; and seciious forty-two hundred and fifty-two to forty- two hundred and seventy-seven inclusive, of the Revised Statutes of the United States are, from and after said ciiite, repealed, and this act may be cited for all pur poses as "The passenger act, eighteen-hundred and eighty-two." - Approved, August 2, 1882. W. D. OWEN, thperintendent. Hon. CHARLES FOSTER Secretaryof the lreasury.