Leviticus 7 Commentary PREVIOUS Click chart to enlarge NEXT Chart from recommended resource Jensen's Survey of the OT - used by permission Another Overview Chart of Leviticus - Charles Swindoll A third Overview Chart of Leviticus LEVITICUS THE BOOK OF SANCTIFICATION AND WORSHIP Adapted and modified from C. Swindoll Leviticus 1-17 Leviticus 18-27 The Way to God The Walk with God Access Lifestyle The Approach: Offerings Practical Guidelines The Representative: Priest Chronological Observances The Laws: Cleansing Severe Consequences Physically & Spiritually Verbal promises Ritual for Worship Practical for Walking Worshipping a Holy God Living a Holy Life Location: Mt Sinai for one full year Theme: How sinful humanity can approach and worship a holy God Key Verses: Lev 17:11, 19:2, 20:7-8 Christ in Leviticus: In every sacrifice, every ritual, every feast Time: about 1446BC THE LEVITICAL OFFERINGS SUMMARIZED BURNT GRAIN PEACE SIN TRESPASS OFFERING OFFERING OFFERING OFFERING OFFERING 1) Sweet aroma 1) Sweet aroma 1) Sweet aroma 1) Non-sweet aroma 1) Non-sweet aroma 2) Voluntary 2) Voluntary 2) Voluntary 2) Compulsory 2) Compulsory Heb = 'olah Heb = minchah Heb = selemim Heb = chattath Heb = asam Aka-Purification Aka - Reparation or Offering Guilt Offering Description Atoning sacrifice of Atoning sacrifice of a animals with no ram or lamb with no physical defects. The physical defects required offering varied with the situation and station of the person receiving its benefits Lv 1:3-17+ Lv 2:1-16+ Lv 3:1-17+ Lv 4:1-5:13+ Lv 5:14-6:7+ Lv 6:8-13+ Lv 6:14-18+ Lv 7:11-21+, Lv 7:28- Lv 6:24-30+ Lv 7:1-7+ Scripture Cp Nu 15:1-16+ Lv 7:12-13+ 34+ Cp Nu 15:22-31+ Cp Nu 15:17-21+ Cp Deut 12:20-28+ Purpose IN COMMUNION FOR COMMUNION Summarized WITH GOD WITH GOD 1) To propitiate for This offering Celebration of peace To atone for sins To atone for sins sin in general -Lv accompanied all & of God's covenant committed committed in 1:4+ burnt offerings. faithfulness… unknowingly, ignorance, esp where Signified homage & Generally expressed especially where no restitution was 2) To signify thanksgiving to God. peace & fellowship restitution was possible complete dedication between the offerrer possible. + Nu 15:30, Confession to men & consecration to Recognition of God's & God & thus 31: The sin offering for impurities and God hence called bountiful provision culminated in a was of no avail in deceptions the whole burnt cases of defiant Expression of community meal. offering. rebellion against Willingness of the dedication, praise & 1) Thank offering: God. repentant believer to Acceptance before thanksgiving to God express thanks for make proper God for worship & Confession to God Acknowledging God unexpected blessing restitution service for impurities and or deliverance Purpose as the source of offenses Maintenance of provision and Detailed 2) Votive Offering: to fellowship with God prosperity. Recognition of the express gratitude for effects of one's sins a blessing or Recognition of the on others in the deliverance granted sovereignty of God covenant community when a vow had accompanied the Restoration of petition. fellowship with God 3) Freewill Offering: to express gratitude to God without regard to any specific blessing or deliverance. According to Three Types: According to wealth: 1) For the high priest, 1) If the offense was wealth: 1) Fine flour mixed 1) From the herd, a a bull without against the Lord 1) Bull without with oil and male or female blemish-Lv 4:3–12+ (tithes, offerings, blemish-Lv 1:3–9+ frankincense-Lv 2:1– without blemish-Lv 2) For the etc), a ram w/o 2) Male sheep or 3+ 3:1–5+ congregation, a bull blemish was offered; goat without 2) Cakes made of 2) From the flock, a without blemish-Lv restitution was blemish-Lv 1:10– fine flour mixed with male or female 4:13–21+ reckoned according 13+); 3 Turtledoves oil and and baked an without blemish-Lv to the priest's 3) For a ruler, a male or young pigeons- oven Lv 2:4+, in a 3:6–11+ estimate of the value goat without blemish- Lv 1:14–17+ pan Lv 2:5+ or in a of the trespass + 3) From the goats-Lv Lv 4:22–26+ covered pan Lv 2:7+ 20% (Lv 5:15-16+) 3) Turtledoves or 3:12–17+ 4) For a commoner, 2) If the offense were young pigeons-Lv 3) Green heads of +: Minor a female goat or against man, a ram 1:14–17+ roasted grain mixed imperfections were lamb without w/o blemish was with oil and permitted when the blemish-Lv 4:27–35+ offered, restitution Consists of frankincense-Lv peace offering was a reckoned according 2:14, 15+ 5) In cases of freewill offering of a to the priest's poverty, two bull or a lamb-Lv estimate + 20% (Lv turtledoves or two 22:23 6:4-6+) young pigeons (one for a sin offering, the other for a burnt offering) could be substituted-Lv 5:7– 10+ 6) In cases of extreme poverty, fine flour could be substituted-Lv 5:11– 13+; cp Heb. 9:22+ Entirety burned on Memorial portion Fatty portions burned 1) Fatty Fat burned on altar the altar of burnt burned on the altar of on the altar of burnt portions to be burned of burnt offering-Lev offering-Lv 1:9+ burnt offering-Lv 2:2, offering-Lv 3:3–5+ on the altar of burnt 7:3-5+ except the skin-Lv 9, 16+ offering Lv 4:8–10+, 7:8+ Lv 4:19. 26+, Lev 4:31, 35+ 2) When the sin God's offering was for the Portion high priest or congregation, the remainder of the bull was to be burned outside the camp-Lv 4:11, 12+, Lev 4:20, 21+ Skin only-Lv 7:8+ Remainder eaten in Breast (wave Remainder eaten in court of tabernacle- offering) & right thigh holy place-Lv 7:6-7+ Priests Lv 2:3, 10+, Lev (heave offering)-Lv Portion 6:16-18+, Lv 7:14- 7:30-34+ 15+ None None Remainder to be None None eaten in the court by Offerer's the offerer & family Portion 1) Thank offering = eaten same day-Lv 7:15+ The Redemption for the Redemption for the Consecration Service Fellowship Christian sinner that he is sinner he commits He presented He served His Father He is the common He atoned for the He atoned for the Christ Himself to the and men as Son of bond of fellowship guilt of sin damage of sin. Father to do His will Man between God & man Signifies complete Signifies perfect Shadow of the peace Prefigures fact that Shadow of Christ as dedication of life to humanity of Christ: believer has through Christ's death… our Trespass offering God 1) Absence of leaven Christ-Ro 5:1-2+, 1) Was made sin for - Col 2:13+ 1) On part of Christ- ~ sinlessness of 1Cor 10:16-18+, 1 us - 2Cor 5:20-21+ Cp Lv 5:15+, Lv Mt 26:39-44, Mk Christ-He 4:15+, 1Jn Cor 11:17-34+, Col 22:14-16+ 2) He suffered 14:36+, Lk 22:42+, 3:5 1:20+ outside the gate - Cp Lv 6:2-5+, Eph Php 2:5-11+ NB: Only offering in Prophetic 2) The presence of Heb 13:11-13+ 4:25-32, Jas 5:16+ which offerer shared Significance 2) On part of oil is emblematic of Cp Lv 4:3+, 1Ti 5:20 See Isa 53:10+ believer-Ro 12:1-2+, the Holy Spirit-Lk Thank Offering: Heb 13:15+ 4:18; 1Jn 2:20+, 1Jn Cp Lv 4:27+, 1Cor 1Th 5:18+ 2:27+ 8:9-13 Heb 13:15+ Cp Lv 5:5+, 1Jn 1:9+ See Heb 9:22+ Adapted from Believer's Bible Commentary & Irving Jensen Lev 7:1 'Now this is the law of the guilt offering; it is most holy. the law: Lev 5:1-6:7 14:12,13 19:21,22 Nu 6:12 Eze 40:39 44:29 46:20 it is: Lev 6:17,25 21:22 DISPOSAL OF THE GUILT OFFERINGS Rob Morgan - The first seven chapters of Leviticus are devoted to describing the sacrifices and offerings of the ancient Israelites. These were the sacrifices to be offered on the altar just inside the gateway of the Tabernacle. If you remember from our series of studies last year on the Tabernacle, that altar just inside the gate of the Tabernacle represented the cross of Christ. Every day, opportunity was given for the Israelites to come and, with the assistance of the priests, to offering sacrifices and burnt offerings on that altar near the entrance of the Tabernacle, and those sacrifices all represented the One who would later die on the cross. There were five basic kinds of sacrifices, and they are described for us here in Leviticus 1-5. You have: The Burnt Offering in Leviticus 1 The Grain Offering in Leviticus 2 The Peace Offering in Leviticus 3 The Sin Offering in Leviticus 4 The Trespass Offering in Leviticus 5 In Leviticus 6-7, these five offerings are reviewed with some additional instructions given. That is the content of Leviticus 1-7. Do you see how important this is? Do you see how significant these offerings are? They were designed by God to teach us five different truths about the great coming One who would offer Himself on the cross for our sins.