Settlement Patterns in Ascidians Concerning Have Been Patchily
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Ascidiacea, Phlebobranchia, Corellidae) in the Southern Hemisphere with Description of a New Species
Zootaxa 3702 (2): 135–149 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3702.2.3 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E972F88B-7981-4F38-803D-8F4F92FE6A37 The genus Corella (Ascidiacea, Phlebobranchia, Corellidae) in the Southern Hemisphere with description of a new species FRANÇOISE MONNIOT Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, 57 rue Cuvier Fr 75231 Paris cedex 05, France.E-mail : [email protected] Abstract In the Southern Hemisphere the species attributed to Corella eumyota, Traustedt, 1882 are likely more varied than previously expected. This ascidian species was described from specimens collected at Valparaiso (Chile). Until now it was considered as a widely distributed species in the southern hemisphere. New collections from Chile and the Antarctic area have allowed to separate two species and re-establish Corella antarctica Sluiter, 1905 as a valid species (Alurralde 2013).A morphological re- examination of many specimens from the MNHN collections and especially recent surveys as CEAMARC and REVOLTA confirms that Antarctic specimens from the Antarctic Peninsula and Terre Adélie obviously differ from sub-Antarctic material more varied than previously estimated. On the other hand, C. eumyota invasive in Europe (Lambert 2004) has been shown to be the same as specimens from Chile, New Zealand and other sub-Antarctic regions. The present morphological study compares Corella from different regions and describes a new species Corella brewinae n. sp that is found living mixed with C. eumyota populations. Key words: Ascidians, Corellidae, Antarctic, Sub-Antarctic, new species Introduction The genus Corella was created by Hancock (1870) for Ascidia parallelogramma Müller, 1776. -
Phlebobranchia of CTAW
PHLEBOBRANCHIA PHLEBOBRANCHIA The suborder Phlebobranchia (order Enterogona) is characterised by having unpaired gonads present only on the same side of the body as the gut. As in Stolidobranchia, the body is not divided into different sections (such as thorax, abdomen and posterior abdomen) as the gut is folded up in the parietal body wall outside the pharynx and the large branchial sac occupies the whole length of the body. Usually the branchial sac (which is flat, without folds) has internal longitudinal vessels (although only vestiges remain in Agneziidae). Epicardial sacs do not persist in adults as they do in Aplousobranchia, although excretory vesicles (nephrocytes) embedded in the body wall over the gut are known to originate from the embryonic epicardium in Ascidiidae and Corellidae. Most phlebobranchs are solitary. However, Plurellidae Kott, 1973 includes both solitary and colonial forms, and Perophoridae Giard, 1872 are all colonial. Replication in Perophoridae is from ectodermal epithelium (rather than endodermal or mesodermal tissue the mesodermal tissue of the vascular stolon (rather than the endodermal tissue as in most as in Aplousobranchia). The process of replication has not been investigated in Plurellidae. Phlebobranch taxa occurring in Australia are documented in Kott (1985). Family level taxa are characterised principally by the size and form of the branchial sac including the number of branchial vessels and form of the stigmata; the form, size and position of the gonads; and the habit (colonial or solitary) of the taxon. Berrill (1950) has discussed problems in assessing the phylogeny of Perophoridae. References Berrill, N.J. (1950). The Tunicata. Ray Soc. Publs 133: 1–354 Giard, A.M. -
Ascidiacea (Chordata: Tunicata) of Greece: an Updated Checklist
Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e9273 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.4.e9273 Taxonomic Paper Ascidiacea (Chordata: Tunicata) of Greece: an updated checklist Chryssanthi Antoniadou‡, Vasilis Gerovasileiou§§, Nicolas Bailly ‡ Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece § Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Greece Corresponding author: Chryssanthi Antoniadou ([email protected]) Academic editor: Christos Arvanitidis Received: 18 May 2016 | Accepted: 17 Jul 2016 | Published: 01 Nov 2016 Citation: Antoniadou C, Gerovasileiou V, Bailly N (2016) Ascidiacea (Chordata: Tunicata) of Greece: an updated checklist. Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e9273. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e9273 Abstract Background The checklist of the ascidian fauna (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) of Greece was compiled within the framework of the Greek Taxon Information System (GTIS), an application of the LifeWatchGreece Research Infrastructure (ESFRI) aiming to produce a complete checklist of species recorded from Greece. This checklist was constructed by updating an existing one with the inclusion of recently published records. All the reported species from Greek waters were taxonomically revised and cross-checked with the Ascidiacea World Database. New information The updated checklist of the class Ascidiacea of Greece comprises 75 species, classified in 33 genera, 12 families, and 3 orders. In total, 8 species have been added to the previous species list (4 Aplousobranchia, 2 Phlebobranchia, and 2 Stolidobranchia). Aplousobranchia was the most speciose order, followed by Stolidobranchia. Most species belonged to the families Didemnidae, Polyclinidae, Pyuridae, Ascidiidae, and Styelidae; these 4 families comprise 76% of the Greek ascidian species richness. The present effort revealed the limited taxonomic research effort devoted to the ascidian fauna of Greece, © Antoniadou C et al. -
The Non-Native Solitary Ascidian Ciona Intestinalis (L.) Depresses Species Richness ⁎ Julia C
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 342 (2007) 5–14 www.elsevier.com/locate/jembe The non-native solitary ascidian Ciona intestinalis (L.) depresses species richness ⁎ Julia C. Blum ,1, Andrew L. Chang 5, Marcela Liljesthröm 2, Michelle E. Schenk 3, Mia K. Steinberg 4, Gregory M. Ruiz Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, P.O. Box 28, Edgewater, MD 21037, United States Received 1 September 2006; received in revised form 1 October 2006; accepted 9 October 2006 Abstract Non-native ascidians are a dominant feature of many sessile marine communities throughout the world and may have negative effects on species diversity. We tested effects of the non-native Ciona intestinalis on the sessile invertebrate community in San Francisco Bay, where it occurs in dense aggregations. In particular, we compared species richness between PVC panels from which C. intestinalis were experimentally removed to panels with naturally dense C. intestinalis growth, using fouling panels of four sizes (between 49 cm2 and 1177 cm2) to measure the effect of C. intestinalis recruitment on species-area relationships. We initially deployed 120 fouling panels (30 of each size) at a site known to have dense populations of C. intestinalis, assigning these to three different treatments: (1) Experimental removal, whereby new recruits of C. intestinalis were removed on a weekly basis, pulling panels out of the water for a short time period to do so; (2) Manipulated control, whereby panels were removed from the water each week (as in the experimental removal) but without C. intestinalis removal; and (3) Unmanipulated control, which remained in the water throughout the experiment. -
Assessing the Sensitivity of Sublittoral Rock Habitats to Pressures Associated with Marine Activities
JNCC Report No: 589B Assessing the sensitivity of sublittoral rock habitats to pressures associated with marine activities Maher, E., Cramb, P., de Ros Moliner, A., Alexander, D. & Rengstorf, A. September 2016 © JNCC, Peterborough 2016 ISSN 0963-8901 For further information please contact: Joint Nature Conservation Committee Monkstone House City Road Peterborough PE1 1JY http://jncc.defra.gov.uk This report should be cited as: Maher, E., Cramb, P., de Ros Moliner, A., Alexander, D. & Rengstorf, A. 2016. Assessing the sensitivity of sublittoral rock habitats to pressures associated with marine activities. Marine Ecological Surveys Ltd – A report for the Joint Nature Conservation Committee. JNCC Report No. 589B. JNCC, Peterborough. Summary There are numerous human activities which occur in the marine environment. These activities can cause a variety of pressures on the seafloor habitats and the species they support. These pressures can occur in isolation or in combination, and their effects can be complex. To better understand the implications of anthropogenic pressures, it is crucial to be aware of how the pressures affect different species and functional ecological groups. The sensitivity of marine habitats has previously been assessed by Tillin et al (2010) and Tillin and Tyler-Walters (2014). Work by Tillin et al (2010) focused on the species, habitats and broadscale habitats recommended for designation within Marine Conservation Zones (MCZs) as part of a wider project (Tillin et al 2010). Tillin and Tyler-Walters (2014) focussed on systematic habitat level assessments of subtidal sedimentary habitats. Where possible, assessments were determined using available evidence and expert judgement. The aim of this project is to use the methods developed by Tillin and Tyler-Walters (2014) to assess the sensitivity of pre-defined ecological groups in sublittoral rock habitats in the UK to various anthropogenic pressures. -
And Description of a New Species, Ciona Interme
An integrative taxonomic framework for the study of the genus Ciona (Ascidiacea) and description of a new species, Ciona intermedia Francesco Mastrototaro, Federica Montesanto, Marika Salonna, Frédérique Viard, Giovanni Chimienti, Egidio Trainito, Carmela Gissi To cite this version: Francesco Mastrototaro, Federica Montesanto, Marika Salonna, Frédérique Viard, Giovanni Chimi- enti, et al.. An integrative taxonomic framework for the study of the genus Ciona (Ascidiacea) and description of a new species, Ciona intermedia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, Linnean Society of London, 2020, 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa042. hal-02861027 HAL Id: hal-02861027 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02861027 Submitted on 8 Jun 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Doi: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa042 An integrative taxonomy framework for the study of the genus Ciona (Ascidiacea) and the description of the new species Ciona intermedia Francesco Mastrototaro1, Federica Montesanto1*, Marika Salonna2, Frédérique Viard3, Giovanni Chimienti1, Egidio Trainito4, Carmela Gissi2,5,* 1 Department of Biology and CoNISMa LRU, University of Bari “Aldo Moro” Via Orabona, 4 - 70125 Bari, Italy 2 Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Orabona, 4 - 70125 Bari, Italy 3 Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Lab. -
Ascidians from Bocas Del Toro, Panama. I. Biodiversity
Caribbean Journal of Science, Vol. 41, No. 3, 600-612, 2005 Copyright 2005 College of Arts and Sciences University of Puerto Rico, Mayagu¨ez Ascidians from Bocas del Toro, Panama. I. Biodiversity. ROSANA M. ROCHA*, SUZANA B. FARIA AND TATIANE R. MORENO Universidade Federal do Paraná, Departamento de Zoologia, CP 19020, 81.531-980, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil Corresponding author: *[email protected] ABSTRACT.—An intensive survey of ascidian species was carried out in August 2003, in different environ- ments of the Bocas del Toro region, northwestern Panama. Most samples are from shallow waters (< 3 m) in coral reefs, among mangrove roots and in Thallasia testudines banks. Of the 58 species found, 14 are new species. Of the 26 sampling sites, the most diverse were Crawl Key Canal (9°15.050’N, 82°07.631’W), Solarte ,Island (9°17.929’N, 82°11.672’W), Wild Cane Key (9° 2040N, 82°1020W), Isla Pastores (9°14.332’N W), the bay behind the STRI Lab (9°214.3 N, 82°15’25.6 W), and the entrance of Bocatorito Bay’82°19.968 (9°13.375’N, 82°12.555’W). Ascidians have been studied and reported from 31 locations within the Caribbean, and 139 species have been reported. This count will increase with the description of the 14 new species, and Bocas del Toro may be considered a region of high ascidian diversity since > 40% of the total known Caribbean ascidian fauna occurs there. KEYWORDS.—Ascidian taxonomy, Caribbean, checklist INTRODUCTION found and discuss the relationship of this fauna with that of other Caribbean loca- tions. -
(Brachyura, Pinnotheridae) in the Canary Islands (Ne Atlantic), Its Southernmost Distribution Limit
Crustaceana 91 (11) 1397-1402 ON THE PRESENCE OF PINNOTHERES PISUM (BRACHYURA, PINNOTHERIDAE) IN THE CANARY ISLANDS (NE ATLANTIC), ITS SOUTHERNMOST DISTRIBUTION LIMIT BY RAÜL TRIAY-PORTELLA1), MARTA PEREZ-MIGUEL2), JOSÉ A. GONZÁLEZ1) and JOSE A. CUESTA2,3) 1) Applied Marine Ecology and Fisheries, i-UNAT, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira, E-35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain 2) Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (ICMAN-CSIC), Avda. República Saharaui, 2, E-11519 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain The pea crab Pinnotheres pisum was described by Linnaeus in 1767 as Cancer pisum and is the type species of the genus Pinnotheres Bosc, 1801, that at present contains 64 species (Palacios-Theil et al., 2016). This species has been so far studied due to its peculiar lifestyle as a symbiont of invertebrates (Orton, 1920; Atkins, 1958; Christiansen, 1959). Schmitt et al. (1973) provided a detailed list of hosts for P. pisum, mainly consisting of bivalves and in addition the ascidians Ascidiella aspersa (Müller, 1776) [as Ascidia aspersa Mueller, 1776], and Ascidia mentula Müller, 1776. However, after their detailed study of the pinnotherids along Europe’s coastal waters, Becker & Türkay (2017) concluded that P. pisum is, like other pinnotherids, not host-specific but still an associate only of bivalves. According to those authors, previous records in ascidians must be misidentifications of P. pisum that must have, on those occasions, been confused with Nepinnotheres pinnotheres (Linnaeus, 1758). After the review by Becker & Türkay (2017), an updated list of bivalves infested by P. pisum has been provided by Perez-Miguel et al. -
Record of a Bypass on the Oral Siphon of Ascidia Sydneiensis (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) in a Tropical Bay from South-Eastern Brazil
OCEAN AND COASTAL NOTE https://doi.org/10.1590/s2675-28242020068344 RESEARCH Record of a bypass on the oral siphon of Ascidia sydneiensis (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) in a tropical bay from south-eastern Brazil Paulo Cezar Azevedo Silva1 , Géssica Cristine Maia Oliveira1,2 , Danielle Fernandes Barboza1,2 , Luís Felipe Skinner1,2* 1 Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ/FFP) Departamento de Ciências, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (Rua Dr. Francisco Portela, 1470 - Patronato - São Gonçalo - 24435-005 - RJ - Brazil) 2 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia (PPG-OCN/UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524 - sala 4018/bloco E - Maracanã, 20550-013 - RJ - Brazil) *Corresponding author: [email protected] Ascidia sydneiensis Stimpson, 1855 is a solitary natural substrate at Ilha da Amarração, next to Ilha ascidian (Order Phlebobranchia) first described in the Grande, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil (23°10’58.0”S, China Sea and Japan. Recently, it has been recorded 44°10’47.7” W). This atypical individual had a small in subtropical and tropical regions and is abundant projection with rims and other morphological in the Caribbean (Rocha et al., 2005; Worms, 2020). features, on the tunic next to a larger oral siphon. In Brazil, it was first recorded in the São Paulo State After collection, the animal was anesthetized with (Bjornberg, 1956) and ranges from Ceará to Santa menthol and fixed in 10% formaldehyde. The Catarina (Rodrigues, 1962; Rocha and Nasser, 1998; presence of the third opening was not noticed during Rocha and Costa, 2005; Rocha and Kremmer, 2005; the removal of the animal from the substrate but was Rocha et al., 2012). -
Conservation of Peripheral Nervous System Formation Mechanisms in Divergent Ascidian Embryos
RESEARCH ARTICLE Conservation of peripheral nervous system formation mechanisms in divergent ascidian embryos Joshua F Coulcher1†, Agne` s Roure1†, Rafath Chowdhury1, Me´ ryl Robert1, Laury Lescat1‡, Aure´ lie Bouin1§, Juliana Carvajal Cadavid1, Hiroki Nishida2, Se´ bastien Darras1* 1Sorbonne Universite´, CNRS, Biologie Inte´grative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Banyuls-sur-Mer, France; 2Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan Abstract Ascidians with very similar embryos but highly divergent genomes are thought to have undergone extensive developmental system drift. We compared, in four species (Ciona and Phallusia for Phlebobranchia, Molgula and Halocynthia for Stolidobranchia), gene expression and gene regulation for a network of six transcription factors regulating peripheral nervous system *For correspondence: (PNS) formation in Ciona. All genes, but one in Molgula, were expressed in the PNS with some [email protected] differences correlating with phylogenetic distance. Cross-species transgenesis indicated strong † These authors contributed levels of conservation, except in Molgula, in gene regulation despite lack of sequence conservation equally to this work of the enhancers. Developmental system drift in ascidians is thus higher for gene regulation than Present address: ‡Department for gene expression and is impacted not only by phylogenetic distance, but also in a clade-specific of Developmental and Molecular manner and unevenly within a network. Finally, considering that Molgula is divergent in our Biology, Albert Einstein College analyses, this suggests deep conservation of developmental mechanisms in ascidians after 390 My of Medicine, New York, United of separate evolution. States; §Toulouse Biotechnology Institute, Universite´de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Toulouse, France Competing interests: The Introduction authors declare that no The formation of an animal during embryonic development is controlled by the exquisitely precise competing interests exist. -
Metabarcoding Analysis on European Coastal Samples Reveals New
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Metabarcoding analysis on European coastal samples reveals new molecular metazoan diversity Received: 8 November 2017 David López-Escardó1, Jordi Paps2, Colomban de Vargas3,4, Ramon Massana5, Accepted: 5 June 2018 Iñaki Ruiz-Trillo 1,6,7 & Javier del Campo1,5 Published: xx xx xxxx Although animals are among the best studied organisms, we still lack a full description of their diversity, especially for microscopic taxa. This is partly due to the time-consuming and costly nature of surveying animal diversity through morphological and molecular studies of individual taxa. A powerful alternative is the use of high-throughput environmental sequencing, providing molecular data from all organisms sampled. We here address the unknown diversity of animal phyla in marine environments using an extensive dataset designed to assess eukaryotic ribosomal diversity among European coastal locations. A multi-phylum assessment of marine animal diversity that includes water column and sediments, oxic and anoxic environments, and both DNA and RNA templates, revealed a high percentage of novel 18S rRNA sequences in most phyla, suggesting that marine environments have not yet been fully sampled at a molecular level. This novelty is especially high among Platyhelminthes, Acoelomorpha, and Nematoda, which are well studied from a morphological perspective and abundant in benthic environments. We also identifed, based on molecular data, a potentially novel group of widespread tunicates. Moreover, we recovered a high number of reads for Ctenophora and Cnidaria in the smaller fractions suggesting their gametes might play a greater ecological role than previously suspected. Te animal kingdom is one of the best-studied branches of the tree of life1, with more than 1.5 million species described in around 35 diferent phyla2. -
Can Man Rep Fish Aquat Sci 2746 Ciona
Biological Synopsis of the Solitary Tunicate Ciona intestinalis C.E. Carver, A.L. Mallet and B. Vercaemer Science Branch Maritimes Region Ecosystem Research Division Fisheries and Oceans Canada Bedford Institute of Oceanography PO Box 1006 Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, B2Y 4A2 2006 Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2746 i Canadian Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences No. 2746 2006 BIOLOGICAL SYNOPSIS OF THE SOLITARY TUNICATE CIONA INTESTINALIS by C.E. Carver, A.L. Mallet and B. Vercaemer Science Branch Maritimes Region Ecosystem Research Division Fisheries and Oceans Canada Bedford Institute of Oceanography PO Box 1006 Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, B2Y 4A2 ii Think Recycling! Pensez à recycler © Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada 1998 Cat. No. Fs. 97-6/2746E ISSN 0706-6457 Correct citation for this publication: Carver, C.E., A.L. Mallet and B. Vercaemer. 2006a. Biological Synopsis of the Solitary Tunicate Ciona intestinalis. Can. Man. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2746: v + 55 p. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT...................................................................................................................... iv RÉSUMÉ ........................................................................................................................... v 1.0 INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................... 1 1.1. NAME AND CLASSIFICATION................................................................................1 1.2.