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Classroom Materials Chesapeake & Ohio Canal National Park Service National Historical Park U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Billy Goat Trail Steward Orientation Chesapeake & Ohio Canal National Historical Park January 13, 2018 Bob King, Coordinator National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Agenda • Who’s Who at the C&O National Historical Park • Interpretation and History • The Billy Goat Trail – What’s So Special? • What is a Billy Goat Trail Steward (BGTS)? – Roles and Responsibilities • Park Rules and Common Violations • A Tour of the Billy Goat Trail, Section A • How to become a Billy Goat Trail Steward – Training and Trail Requirements – Reporting and Resources • Review and Closing National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Volunteers in Park (VIP) Mission To involve individuals and groups in the stewardship and enhancement of the Park’s resources in an atmosphere of respect and cooperation. National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Who’s Who at the C&O Canal National Historical Park National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Superintendent Safety Deputy Superintendent Resources Interpretation, Visitor & Business Facility (Natural & Education, and Resource Management Management Cultural) Volunteers Protection Boat Weed Crew Quarter- masters Warriors Admin Rovers Campground Host Bike Patrol Level Walkers Billy Goat Visitor Center Special Trail Stewards Projects Canal Stewards National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior NPS C&O Canal Personnel • Kevin Brandt, Superintendent, C&O Canal NHP • John Noel, Deputy Superintendent • John Adams, Safety Officer • Catherine Bragaw, Chief of Interpretation, Education and Volunteers • Emily Hewitt, Park-wide Volunteer Coordinator, Interpretation, Education, and Volunteers • Pete Peterson, Supervisory Ranger, Interpretation National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior NPS Canal Personnel • Joshua Nolen, Palisades VIP Team Leader • Eric Kenney, Park Ranger, Fee Booth • Mark Myers, Park Ranger, Interpretive Division (mule caretaker) • John McCarthy, Park Ranger (boat crew) • Carl Lennartson, Park Ranger (boat crew) • Geoff Suiter, Park Ranger (boat crew) • Darryl McLeod, Palisades Maintenance Supervisor, Facility Management Division National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Law Enforcement • Horse-Mounted US Park Police (PP) – Blue uniforms – Park Police jurisdiction extends to Seneca Creek Aqueduct at MM 22.7 – US PP respond to many other NPS sites in the DC area • NPS Law Enforcement (LE) – Park Service Uniforms – NPS LEs have jurisdiction in the entire NHP • Montgomery County Police, Coast Guard, Maryland DNR also have jurisdiction. Maryland SP may respond • Central determines who responds to incidents National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Partners • Canal Trust – official nonprofit partner of the C&O Canal NHP – works in partnership with NPS and local communities to raise funds to preserve the Park for future generations and to broaden support through programs that highlight the Park’s historical, natural, and cultural heritage and recreational opportunities. • Nature Conservancy – co-owner of Bear and Olmsted Islands – mission is to conserve the lands and waters on which all life depends. • Potomac Appalachian Trail Club (PATC) – responsible for trail maintenance by agreement with NPS – through volunteer efforts, education and advocacy, maintains and protects lands for the enjoyment of present and future hikers. National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Partners • Palisades Bike Patrol – trail heads – Purple Horse and Spitzbergen – maps and water • Bike Loaner Program – Provides information to hikers • Potomac Paddlers – NPS volunteers on kayak patrol – not first responders – highly experienced paddlers trained in swift water awareness and interpretation with the NPS National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Interpretation and History of the C&O National Historical Park National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Orientation vs. Information vs. Interpretation National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Orientation Where is my car? Where is a trash can? Where can I get water? Where is the bathroom? National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Information How long is the trail? What kinds of rocks are these? Which direction does the boat ride go? Can you recommend other hiking trails? Informational questions can lead into interpretation…. National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Metagraywacke National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Interpretation • Facilitates a personal connection between the meaning of the resource and the interests of the visitor. Give the visitor something of value to themselves. Help them appreciate and understand the fragile natural resources and the need for protection. • Interpretation is a communication process, designed to reveal meanings and relationships of our cultural and natural heritage, through involvement with objects, artifacts, landscapes and sites. Interpretive communications is not simply presenting information, but a specific communication strategy that is used to translate that information for people, from the technical language of the expert, to the everyday language of the visitor. National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior C&O Canal History • C&O Canal Company chartered in 1825 to build shipping canal to establish trade route • Groundbreaking at Little Falls on July 4, 1828 • Operations began in 1831, but wasn’t completed at Cumberland, MD until 1850 • 605’ elevation changed required 74 locks, 11 aqueducts across major streams, over 240 culverts to cross smaller streams, and a tunnel. • Section to connect to Ohio River in Pittsburgh with over 5000’ of elevation change never built. National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior C&O Canal History • Began to decline in 1880s due to competition from B&O RR; purchased by railroad in 1890 • Operations ceased in 1924 • Acquired by US government in 1938 and placed under NPS • Proposed as parkway modeled after Blue Ridge Parkway and Skyline Drive • In 1954, Associate Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas challenged newspaper editors to walk the length of the canal, calling public attention to conservation movement • Designated a NHP on January 8, 1971 National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior The Billy Goat Trail – Section A What’s So Special? National Park Service Bear Island: A National Treasure U.S. Department of the Interior • The Billy Goat Trail runs through Bear Island, a 96 acre nature preserve co-owned by The Nature Conservancy and National Park Service • Bear Island is one of the most biologically rich areas of the Potomac Gorge, full of rare plant communities and home to more than 60 state-listed threatened and endangered plant species • Bear Island is one of a few exposed bedrock terrace habitats in the Mid-Atlantic National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior What is a Billy Goat Trail Steward? Roles and Responsibilities National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior • Help to protect the Park from visitors • Help to protect visitors from the Park and from themselves • Serve as ambassadors (“eyes and ears”) of NPS • Welcome visitors and provide assistance • Provide visitors with information on Park’s history, resources, regulations and safety considerations • Assist NPS operations alerting NPS staff to potential problems and safety hazards • Relay visitor comments and concerns National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior • Inform and educate visitors about NPS rules, but Do Not Enforce! • Our responsibility is to inform visitors about NPS rules • We do not have authority and are not responsible for enforcement. Only police and NPS LE Rangers have enforcement authority • Provide basic first aid to the extent we are comfortable; assist visitor in exiting the Park National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Park Rules and Common Violations National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Swimming • No swimming or wading in the C&O Canal – 90 feet deep in some places – Snapping turtles and Northern water snakes – Ice skating is permitted on the canal except for Widewater • No swimming in the Potomac River in any area adjacent to Montgomery County (MP 42.1) or DC – Strong, deceptive, swift and unpredictable river – Dangerous, unseen undertows and hidden rocks – Even wading puts one at risk – Average of 7 deaths per year • Boating and rafting are permitted in canal and river National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Swimming • http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/special/local/the-perils- of-great-falls/ National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Swimming (cont’d) • Inform swimmers of the dangers and ask them to get out for their own safety. Nobody can reach them in time if they need help • If they get out, thank them. If not, leave the scene and call Central with a location and description (how many, age group, what they are wearing, etc.) • The NPS takes this matter very seriously! National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Dogs • Dogs not permitted on BGT-A and Olmsted Island (exception for service dogs) • Elsewhere, dogs must be on leash at all times • Reasons for the policy: – Dog protection: physical injury, rabies, Lyme Disease – Wildlife protection: dogs harass, injure or kill protected wildlife – Visitor protection: may frighten other visitors – Dog owner’s protection: can’t
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