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S/2003/223 Security Council
United Nations S/2003/223 Security Council Distr.: General 25 March 2003 Original: English Letter dated 25 March 2003 from the Chairman of the Security Council Committee established pursuant to resolution 751 (1992) concerning Somalia addressed to the President of the Security Council On behalf of the Security Council Committee established pursuant to resolution 751 (1992) concerning Somalia, and in accordance with paragraph 11 of Security Council resolution 1425 (2002), I have the honour to transmit herewith the report of the Panel of Experts mandated to collect independent information on violations of the arms embargo on Somalia and to provide recommendations on possible practical steps and measures for implementing it. In this connection, the Committee would appreciate it if this letter together with its enclosure were brought to the attention of the members of the Security Council and issued as a document of the Council. (Signed) Stefan Tafrov Chairman Security Council Committee established pursuant to resolution 751 (1992) concerning Somalia 03-25925 (E) 210303 *0325925* S/2003/223 Letter dated 24 February 2003 from the Panel of Experts to the Chairman of the Security Council Committee established pursuant to resolution 751 (1992) concerning Somalia We have the honour to enclose the report of the Panel of Experts on Somalia, in accordance with paragraph 11 of Security Council resolution 1425 (2002). (Signed) Ernst Jan Hogendoorn (Signed) Mohamed Abdoulaye M’Backe (Signed) Brynjulf Mugaas 2 S/2003/223 Report of the Panel of Experts on Somalia pursuant to Security Council resolution 1425 (2002) Contents Paragraphs Page Abbreviations ................................................................. 5 Summary ..................................................................... 6 Introduction ......................................................... 1–13 11 Background to the current instability in Somalia .......................... -
Libya Contact Group Doha, 13 April 2011 Chair's Statement
Libya Contact Group Doha, 13 April 2011 Chair's statement Statement by Foreign Secretary William Hague following the Libya Contact Group meeting in Doha: 1. Following the London Conference on 29 March 2011, the first meeting of the Contact Group on Libya was held in Doha on 13 April, and was co-chaired by the State of Qatar and the United Kingdom, with the participation of 21 countries and representatives from the United Nations, the Arab League, NATO, the European Union, the Organisation of Islamic Conference and the Cooperation Council for the Arab Gulf States to discuss the situation in Libya. The African Union attended as an invitee. Participants recalled that the Contact Group on Libya would support and be a focal point of contact with the Libyan people, coordinate international policy and be a forum for discussion of humanitarian and post- conflict support. The meeting was held under the patronage of His Highness Sheikh Tamim Bin Hamad Al Thani, Crown Prince of Qatar, where he delivered a speech in which he expressed the State of Qatar’s welcome to participants at this important meeting, and its confidence that this meeting would achieve positive results contributing to the protection of Libyan civilians and relieving their suffering. 2. Participants welcomed the progress made since the London Conference to support the Libyan people and ensure their protection. Participants remained united and firm in their resolve. Qadhafi and his regime had lost all legitimacy and he must leave power allowing the Libyan people to determine their own future. International progress in implementing UNSCRs 1970 and 1973 (2011), and demand for a halt to attacks on civilians. -
Never Again: International Intervention in Bosnia and Herzegovina1
Never again: 1 International intervention in Bosnia and Herzegovina July 2017 David Harland2 1 This study is one of a series commissioned as part of an ongoing UK Government Stabilisation Unit project relating to elite bargains and political deals. The project is exploring how national and international interventions have and have not been effective in fostering and sustaining political deals and elite bargains; and whether or not these political deals and elite bargains have helped reduce violence, increased local, regional and national stability and contributed to the strengthening of the relevant political settlement. This is a 'working paper' and the views contained within do not necessarily represent those of HMG. 2 Dr David Harland is Executive Director of the Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue. He served as a witness for the Prosecution at the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia in the cases of The Prosecutor versus Slobodan Milošević, The Prosecutor versus Radovan Karadžić, The Prosecutor versus Ratko Mladić, and others. Executive summary The war in Bosnia and Herzegovina was the most violent of the conflicts which accompanied the break- up of Yugoslavia, and this paper explores international engagement with that war, including the process that led to the signing of the Dayton Peace Agreement. Sarajevo and Srebrenica remain iconic symbols of international failure to prevent and end violent conflict, even in a small country in Europe. They are seen as monuments to the "humiliation" of Europe and the UN and the -
Fighting Terrorism for Humanity a Conference on the Roots of Evil
G OVERNMENT OF NORWAY International Peace Academy Fighting Terrorism for Humanity A Conference on the Roots of Evil 22 SEPTEMBER 2003 ■ NEW YORK Acknowledgements We wish to gratefully acknowledge the significant contributions of all those whose support was essential to the success of the conference. Our sincere thanks to: UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan; the Office of the Spokesman for the UN Secretary-General; the United States Secret Service; the New York City Police and Fire Departments; the staff of the Intercontinental Hotel; and the firm of Hoffman & Hoffman. IPA gratefully acknowledges support for this conference and for the Terrorism Program from the Government of Norway. We would also like to thank the Government of the Netherlands for its support for the Terrorism Program, and IPA’s core donors—the Governments of Denmark, Norway, Sweden, the Ford Foundation, the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation and the Rockefeller Foundation—whose support enables programs such as this one. FIGHTING TERRORISM FOR HUMANITY Contents Conference Report, by William G. O’Neill Introduction . 1 Executive Summary. 1 Keynote Addresses. 2 Voices of the Victims . 3 An American Perspective: Senator Richard Lugar on Fighting Catastrophic Terrorism . 3 Round Table of World Leaders . 4 The Voices of Islam: Two Shiite Leaders . 6 Underlying Factors in Global Terrorism . 6 Closing Remarks and Follow-Up. 8 Appendix I: Keynote Addresses UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan . 9 Prime Minister Kjell Magne Bondevik . 10 Nobel Peace Prize Laureate Professor Elie Wiesel: “Why Terror Must be Unmasked and Defeated” . 12 General Pervez Musharraf, President of Pakistan . 14 Appendix II: Conference Agenda . -
General Assembly Distr.: General 4 March 2002
United Nations A/AC.252/2002/INF/1 General Assembly Distr.: General 4 March 2002 English only Ad Hoc Committee established by General Assembly resolution 51/210 of 17 December 1996 Sixth session 28 January-1 February 2002 List of participants Chairman Mr. Rohan Perera (Sri Lanka) Vice-Chairmen Sr. Carlos Fernando Díaz (Costa Rica) Mr. Richard Rowe (Australia) Mr. Albert Hoffmann (South Africa) Rapporteur Mr. Volodymyr G. Krokhmal (Ukraine) 02-27078 (E) 050302 *0227078* A/AC.252/2002/INF/1 Country Representative Alternates Advisers Pays Représentant Suppléants Conseillers País Representante Suplentes Consejeros Algeria Mr. Ali Hafrad Armenia Mr. Movses Abelian Mr. Armen Hovhannisyan Mr. Mher Margaryan Australia Mr. Keith Holland Mr. Richard Rowe Mr. Michael Bliss Austria Mr. Alexander Marschik Mr. Hans Plut Bangladesh Mr. Mosud Mannan Belarus M. Andrei N. Popkov Belgium M. Jean De Ruyt M. Paul Rietjens M. Evert Maréchal Belize Mr. Stuart W. Leslie Mrs. Janine Coye Felson Ms. Dina Shoman Mr. Alfonso Gahona Brazil Mr. Marcel Fortuna Biato Mr. Marcelo Marotta Viegas Brunei Mr. Johan Thani Abdullah Darussalam Bulgaria Mr. Stefan Tafrov Mr. Rayko Raytchev Ms. Gergana Arabadjieva Cameroon Mr. Victor Tchatchouwo Canada M. Karim Amégan Mr. Andras Vamos-Goldman Cape Verde M. Luis da Fonseca M. Herminio da Costa Moniz China Mr. Chen Xu Mr. Qu Wensheng Mr. Qi Dahai Croatia Mr. Ivan Śimonović Mr. Josko Klisović Cuba Mr. Bruno Rodríguez Parrilla Mr. Orlando Requeijo Gual Ms. Soraya E. Alvarez Cyprus Mr. George Kasoulides Mr. Yiogos Christofides Czech Mr. Miloslav Petrŭ Republic Democratic Mr. Pak Gil Yon Mr. Mun Jong Chol People’s Republic of Korea 2 A/AC.252/2002/INF/1 Country Representative Alternates Advisers Pays Représentant Suppléants Conseillers País Representante Suplentes Consejeros Denmark Mr. -
Working with Groups of Friends
WHITFIELD WORKING WITH GROUPS OF FRIENDS Determining how to work with the many external actors involved in any peace process is a critical issue for peacemakers. This volume explores how peacemakers can productively work with informal mini coalitions of states or intergovernmental WORKING WITH GROUPS OF FRIENDS organizations that provide support for resolving conflicts and implementing peace Working With agreements—an innovation often referred to as groups of “Friends.” Using lessons learned from successful and less effective examples of peacemaking, the author introduces five steps for mediators who may consider working with these groups: GROUPS • Assess the environment for Friends • Develop a strategy • Engage with Friends and conflict parties • Sustain coordinated support of FRIENDS • Prepare for implementation Teresa Whitfield This handbook encourages and facilitates the rigorous analysis of the potential benefits and risks of engaging regional and international external actors in the mediation process. This volume is the sixth in the Peacemaker’s Toolkit series. Each handbook addresses a facet of the work of mediating violent conflicts, including such topics as nego- tiations with terrorists, constitution making, assessing and enhancing ripeness, and track-II peacemaking. For more information, go to http://www.usip.org/resources/peacemaker-s-toolkit. UNITED STATES USIP INSTITUTE OF PEACE PRESS PRESS 1200 17th Street NW Washington, DC 20036 WWW.USIP.ORG Working with Groups of Friends Working with GROUPS of FRIENDS Teresa Whitfield United States Institute of Peace Washington, D.C. The Peacemaker’s Toolkit Series Editors: A. Heather Coyne and Nigel Quinney The views expressed in this guide are those of the author alone. -
Excellency, 6 April, 2016 Pursuant to My Letters of 25 February and 29
8) ~ THE PRESIDENT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY 6 April, 2016 Excellency, Pursuant to my letters of 25 February and 29 March regarding the informal dialogues to be held 12-14 April by the General Assembly with candidates for the position of Secretary General in accordance with resolution 69/321, and with reference to the invitation to candidates to provide a vision statement which could layout the candidates' vision on challenges and opportunities that the United Nations and the next Secretary-General may encounter such as in the fields of peace and security, sustainable development, human rights, humanitarian response and issues pertaining to the management of the Organization, I have the pleasure to circulate the vision statement, as received, from Ms. Irina Bokova, to Member States. Please accept, Excellency, the assurances of my highest consideration. All Permanent Representatives and Permanent Observers to the United Nations New York PERMANENT MISSION OF THE REPUBLIC OF BULGARIA TO THE UNITED NATIONS 11 East 84th Street, New York, NY 10028, Tel: (212) 737 4790, Fax: (212) 472 9865, e-mail: [email protected] No. 250 New York, 5 April 2016 Excellency, I am writing to transmit a letter by Ms. Irina Bokova, Director-General of UNESCO, sUbmitting her vision statement as the candidate of the Republic of Bulgaria for the position of Secretary-General of the Organisation of United Nations. I would like to kindly request your assistance in circulating it to the Member States of the United Nations and in posting it on the website of the President of the 70th session of the UN General As sembly. -
The Legacy of Kosovo: German Politics and Policies in the Balkans
THE LEGACY OF KOSOVO: GERMAN POLITICS AND POLICIES IN THE BALKANS Wolfgang-Uwe Friedrich editor GERMAN ISSUES 22 American Institute for Contemporary German Studies The Johns Hopkins University THE LEGACY OF KOSOVO: GERMAN POLITICS AND POLICIES IN THE BALKANS Wolfgang-Uwe Friedrich Wolfgang Ischinger Rudolf Scharping GERMAN ISSUES 22 The American Institute for Contemporary German Studies (AICGS) is a center for advanced research, study, and discussion on the politics, culture, and society of the Federal Republic of Germany. Established in 1983 and affiliated with The Johns Hopkins University but governed by its own Board of Trustees, AICGS is a privately incorporated institute dedicated to independent, critical, and comprehensive analysis and assessment of current German issues. Its goals are to help develop a new generation of American scholars with a thorough understanding of contemporary Germany, deepen American knowledge and understanding of current German developments, contribute to American policy analysis of problems relating to Germany, and promote interdisciplinary and comparative research on Germany. Executive Director: Jackson Janes Research Director: Carl Lankowski Board of Trustees, Cochair: Steven Muller Board of Trustees, Cochair: Harry J. Gray The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) alone. They do not necessarily reflect the views of the American Institute for Contemporary German Studies. ©2000 by the American Institute for Contemporary German Studies ISBN 0-941441-51-2 Additional copies of this AICGS German Issue are available from the American Institute for Contemporary German Studies, Suite 420, 1400 16th Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036-2217. Telephone 202/332-9312, Fax 202/265-9531, E-mail: [email protected], Web: http://www.aicgs.org C O N T E N T S Foreword .......................................................................................... -
General Assembly Security Council Seventieth Session Seventy-First Year Agenda Item 120 Revitalization of the Work of the General Assembly
United Nations A/70/732–S/2016/139 General Assembly Distr.: General 22 March 2016 Security Council Original: English General Assembly Security Council Seventieth session Seventy-first year Agenda item 120 Revitalization of the work of the General Assembly Letter dated 9 February 2016 from the Permanent Representative of Bulgaria to the United Nations addressed to the President of the General Assembly and the President of the Security Council In accordance with Article 97 of the Charter of the United Nations and the joint letter dated 15 December 2015 from the President of the General Assembly and the President of the Security Council, I have the honour to transmit a letter by Daniel Mitov, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Bulgaria, conveying the decision of the Government of Bulgaria to nominate Ms. Irina Bokova, current Director General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, for the position of Secretary-General of the United Nations (see annex). I would kindly ask for your assistance in circulating the letter among the States Members of the United Nations as a document of the General Assembly and of the Security Council. (Signed) Stefan Tafrov Ambassador Permanent Representative 16-04583 (E) 300316 *1604583* A/70/732 S/2016/139 Annex to the letter dated 9 February 2016 from the Permanent Representative of Bulgaria to the United Nations addressed to the President of the General Assembly and the President of the Security Council Letter dated 9 February 2016 from the Minister for Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria addressed to the President of the General Assembly and the President of the Security Council In accordance with Article 97 of the Charter of the United Nations and in response to the joint letter of the President of the General Assembly and the President of the Security Council dated 15 December 2015 (A/70/623-S/2015/988), I have the honour to inform you that the Government of the Republic of Bulgaria has decided to nominate Ms. -
EU Core Groups Specialisation and Division of Labour in EU Foreign Policy
EU Core Groups Specialisation and Division of Labour in EU Foreign Policy CEPS Working Document No. 252/October 2006 Stephan Keukeleire Abstract Close foreign policy cooperation among a limited number of EU member states is generally looked upon with suspicion as it is associated with ‘directoires’ of large member states. The central argument of this paper is that, under certain conditions, the specialisation and division of labour among the member states can strengthen both the effectiveness and legitimacy of the foreign policy of the EU. This paper proposes the establishment of a system of small, specialised EU core groups that focus on particular foreign policy issues. An EU core group consists of (representatives of) the high representative, the Commission and the presidency and of a limited number of EU member states that are both willing and able to devote extra efforts and resources to a specific foreign policy matter. A system of EU core groups can help to alleviate some major problems of EU foreign policy: the cleavage between large and middle-sized or small member states, the predominance of uncommon interests, a lack of cooperation and vertical consistency, and the growing irrelevance of the Council in an EU with 25 or more member states. ISBN 92-9079-671-5 Available for free downloading from the CEPS website (http://www.ceps.be) © CEPS 2006 Contents 1. Introduction........................................................................................................................... 1 2. Disregarded underlying political problems of EU foreign policy..................................... 3 Uncommon interests and mutual obstruction ......................................................................... 3 Vertical inconsistency and a lack of coordination and cooperation........................................ 5 The growing irrelevance of the Council and of national representatives .............................. -
The Role and Status of the “Contact Group”
AN INFORMAL WORLD: THE ROLE AND STATUS OF “CONTACT GROUP” UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW QERIM QERIMI “I should never mistake informality for insolence. One, I rather like; the other, no free-born person would submit to, even for a salary.” -- Joan Fontaine in Jane Eyre (1944) INTRODUCTION This article examines the role and status of the so-called “Contact Group” under present-day International Law. An alternative policy invention designed to intervene in traditional conflict prevention, mediation, and settlement, the Group’s configuration reflects a representation of the world’s major powers that both share and project strategic spheres of influence in particular countries or regions and play key roles in global governance. In all cases so far, permanent members of United Nations Security Council were at the forefront of the Contact Group. At the operational level, the Group partially acts as a de facto executive body, such as the Security Council, or at least performs functions similar to those of the Security Council. Such actions may be authorized by the Council,1 either explicitly or implicitly, or not authorized at all, and thus the Group acts, at least ab initio, without any formal authorization or legitimization.2 In this latter case, however, there has always been ex post facto approval of the Contact Group’s actions, due in large part to the fact that those actions were undertaken by a majority of the I wish to acknowledge the support of the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law in Heidelberg, Germany. 1 The operation of the Group in the case of Bosnia and Herzegovina may be considered of such a nature. -
The Rambouillet Conference on Kosovo*
The Rambouillet conference on Kosovo* MARC WELLER Background to the talks If you want peace, you must prepare for war. As this article is written, this maxim is being applied in relation to the crisis in Kosovo, a substantial military strike having been authorized by NATO in order to achieve acceptance of the Interim Agreement for Peace and Self-Government that was negotiated at Rambouillet near Paris in February . This article first sets out the overall context of the negotiations at Rambouillet and of the threat and use of force associated with it. Then, it will address the Rambouillet process itself, before turning to an initial analysis of the political elements of the agreement. A final section concerns its military and civilian implementation. The dissolution of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and an international system in transition The management of the dissolution of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) is a process of unending complexity. While it may be tempting to ascribe the ever-present difficulties and frustrations connected with the Yugoslav crisis to the political culture of the Balkan region, in reality the situation reflects a far broader process of change in the international constitutional system as a whole. In this sense, the Rambouillet conference represents a theatre in which many of the tensions underlying this continuing post-Cold War transformation were played out. However noble the intentions of many of the individuals who had been assigned roles in this play, the fate of the people of Kosovo appeared to be somehow incidental to the proceedings, which were instead focused on a number of meta-questions.