April 1, 1999 Nunavut Becomes a Separate Territory
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April 1, 1999 Nunavut Becomes a Separate Territory Nunavut is one of the territories of the Dominion of Canada. It is located in the far north and is considered to be part of the Arctic region. It has long, cold winters and short, cool summers. Nunavut makes up about one-fifth of the land area of Canada and is an important source of natural resources including diamonds, copper, gold, silver, and uranium. It is made up of rocky, treeless areas, and a lot of the ground is permanently frozen. There are large areas of Nunavut that are protected areas, including five national parks that attract the more adventurous visitors. Others are attracted to the exploring, fishing, hunting, and other outdoor activities. Look at the map of Nunavut below. Label the capital of Nunavut. Locate the towns of Eureka, Alert, Resolute, Qikiqtarjuaq, Kimmirut, Cape Dorset, Arviat, Kuglugtuk, and Carmacks, and label them on the map. Now label the United States Range and Mount Barbeau. Also, locate the Back River, Thelon River, Contwoyto Lake, Garry Lake, Yathkyed Lake, Kasba Lake, and Neultin Lake, and label them. Now, label Foxe Channel, Foxe Basin, Queen Maud Gulf, Gulf of Boothia, Nansen Sound, Coronation Gulf, M’Clintock Channel, Jones Sound, Parry Channel, and Lancaster Sound. Lastly, label the provinces, territories, states, or major bodies of water that border Nunavut. When you have finished, move on to the timeline of Nunavut history on the next page and the research prompts that follow. ©2018 Bonnie Rose Hudson WriteBonnieRose.com Timeline of Nunavut History Answer Key c. 1000 1576 1670 1771 1847 1876 1880 1930 1950 1955 1979 1982 1988 1992 1993 1999 2001 2003 2014 2015 ©2018 Bonnie Rose Hudson WriteBonnieRose.com 1. Britain transfers its rights to the islands in the Arctic to Canada 2. John Franklin’s ship Erebus is found 3. Samuel Hearne reaches the Arctic coast by following the Coppermine River 4. A boundary dividing Northwest Territories and Nunavut is approved 5. Inuit receive the right to vote in federal elections 6. The Nunavut Land Claims Project is formed to deal with land claim negotiations 7. Qausuittuq National Park is established 8. Martin Frobisher is the first known European to arrive in the Nunavut area 9. The Tunngavik Federation of Nunavut is formed to deal with land claim negotiations 10. Auyuittuq National Park is established 11. P. Aldrich renames the northernmost point of present-day Cape Columbia 12. The Distant Early Warning Line is constructed across what is now Nunavut 13. The Vikings see the shores of Nunavut 14. Nunavut becomes a separate territory 15. Negotiations with the Norwegian government result in Norway recognizing that Canada has sovereignty over the Sverdrup Islands 16. Quttinirpaaq National Park is established 17. Part of what is now Nunavut is given to the Hudson’s Bay Company by King Charles II of England 18. The Nunavut Land Claims Agreement Act is passed 19. Explorer John Franklin dies after his ship becomes trapped in the ice near King William Island 20. Ukkusiksalik National Park is established ©2018 Bonnie Rose Hudson WriteBonnieRose.com Research Prompt #1 John Franklin was an explorer sent by Britain to try to navigate the Northwest Passage. It was believed that there was a way to cross from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean by going across the top of the North American continent, but it had not yet been done successfully. When Franklin’s ships were trapped in the ice, Franklin died and his crews disappeared, resulting in Britain sending out search parties to try to find out what had happened to the expedition. During the search that went on for the crews, much of the map of the northern part of the continent was able to be filled in, and three Northwest Passages were discovered. Why do you think, after searching for a northwest passage from the time of the early explorers in the 1500-1600s, that the Northwest Passage was finally found at that time? Do you think it had anything to do with so many people working together for the common goal of finding the truth about the expedition instead of competing against each other to be the first to find and claim the Northwest Passage? _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ ©2018 Bonnie Rose Hudson WriteBonnieRose.com Research Prompt #2 In 1952, a senior government official said the only reason why, in his opinion, Eskimos were not invited to a meeting of the Canadian Eskimo Affairs Committee was that few Eskimos were able to responsibly participate in a meeting about the future of Canada. What type of organized community structure had the Eskimos had before this? Do you think the government official was right or did the government of that day simply not want to recognize Eskimos as being capable? Explain your thoughts. _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ ©2018 Bonnie Rose Hudson WriteBonnieRose.com Research Prompt #3 The Inuit across the Canadian Arctic began to organize and discuss land claims and better ways for them to be governed in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Yet, it was not until April 1, 1999, that Nunavut officially became a separate territory. Research the time period. What was involved in making the changes to create the new territory? Explain why you think it took so long to implement the change. _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________