volume 21, no. 1 spring 2009 The University of Regina Magazine

Lament for the Prairie Our changing climate and a wilderness lost “The aim of life is self-development. To realize one’s nature perfectly— that is what each of us is here for.” Oscar Wilde Interior of the College Building lecture theatre on the University’s historic College Avenue campus. Photo by Don Hall, University of Regina Photography Department.

Degrees spring 2009 1 Welcome to the spring ’09 Plus there’s our regular wrap I like to read Degrees. I was Editor: Thanks Gerhard. We edition of Degrees magazine, up of campus news, class wondering if you have ever certainly keep our eyes on the the magazine of the University notes and so much more. And done a piece on adult Faculty of Fine Arts and have of Regina. We have loads of please, keep those e-mails learners? There is a thriving profiled grads and faculty interesting and entertaining and letters coming. Tell us U of R community of learners members on numerous stories we’ve shoehorned into what we are doing right and who for various reasons go occasions in past issues of this issue for your reading let us know where we can back to get a degree, a Degrees. With so many pleasure. make improvements. Send us certificate, or master’s/ intriguing people and your story ideas or just drop doctorate. I have found the interesting things going on in Beginning on page 26, we us a note and tell us what U of R to be an institution and around the University, it have Deborah Sproat’s in- you’ve been up to lately. You’ll that has really fostered and proves difficult to select the few depth look at the global food find all our contact information developed programs that can that we can feature in the system and several takes on it on the facing page. We look be delivered in off hours. It magazine every issue. We try to by University faculty members forward to hearing from you would be interesting to read be as representative as whose research on the subject and trust you will enjoy success/human interest stories possible. Look for more fine is making the University of reading this issue of Degrees. as to the drive and inspiration arts stories coming up in future Regina a hub of expertise on behind going back to school. issues. one of the most important Greg Campbell (Yes I’m one of them!) issues facing our planet. Editor Thanks, On page two of the fall 2008 issue of Degrees there is a Colleen West CA’97, ACETC’03, Speaking of faculty, we get photo which includes John BHRD’05 together four of our finest for Archer and William Riddell. The a look at one of the most caption is in error. Riddell is in Editor: Thanks for the remarkable years in publishing the center and Archer on the suggestion Colleen. Lifelong history—1859, when not one, right. I enjoy receiving learning is a great thing and we not two, but three books were Degrees. know from statistics that not all released within 12 months of of our students are fresh from Sydney Brownstein AA’49. each other that would change high school. In fact, we have the world. Find out how, to large numbers of mature, part- Editor: Thanks Sydney. It was this day, the works of John time students who are working an inadvertent switch of the Stuart Mill, Karl Marx and every day in established names of two of the gentlemen Charles Darwin continue to careers. Between some of the who had such a profound shape the world around us. programs offered by faculties impact on the University of and the fine offerings at the Regina in its early days as an Also within the covers of this Centre for Continuing independent university. Our issue you’ll find the eloquent Education, there are a lot of apologies for the mistake. observations of Norm people taking advantage of Henderson, the executive flexible class offerings at the I had to smile when I saw the director of the Prairie University of Regina. We will update of me in Class Notes in Adaptation Research definitely look into the story the fall 2008 edition of Collaborative (PARC), a climate possibilities for an upcoming Degrees. It is interesting that I change impact and adaptation issue. have been put back into research partnership located at e-mail contact with people I the University of Regina. I just received my copy of knew back in the day. I enjoy Henderson has spent a lifetime Degrees. I thoroughly enjoyed receiving the magazine and on the Canadian Plains, it. I graduated with my BFA in the articles concerning U of R. including three summer trips Theatre in 2001. I was recently by foot, canoe and horse in John Stewart BSc’71 MSc’75 appointed director of and around Saskatchewan’s programming at Arts Umbrella Qu’Appelle Valley. Read on Granville Island in Henderson’s forecast for the Vancouver. The center is quite impact of climate change on interesting and you may wish the Prairies starting on to profile U of R alumni page 42. involvement in the future or highlight the work being done by Fine Arts Alumni. If there is any interest let me know. Warmest thanks for a great issue!! Gerhard Maynard BFA’01

2 Degrees spring 2009 Editor Greg Campbell ‘85, ‘95

Communications Director Paul Corns

Alumni Association Board 2008–09 Charlene Banjac ‘98, ‘06 President The University of Regina Magazine Sean McEachern ‘03 First V-P Spring 2009

Margaret Dagenais ‘87, ‘91, ‘97 volume 21, no. 1 Second V-P

Colin Woloshyn ‘99 V-P Finance On the cover: A lifetime of outdoor pursuits and research in Western Canada has led Loni Kaufmann ‘95 Past President Norm Henderson BA(Hons)’83 to an unhappy conclusion: climate change will irrevocably alter the Prairie landscapes he loves. Henderson, executive director of the Prairie Teresa Drew ‘01 Adaptation Research Collaborative, offers his observations on the matter beginning on Rebbeca Gibbons ‘99 Matt Hanson BA’94, BAdmin’97 page 42. Photo by Don Hall, University of Regina Photography Department. Neil Jacoby ‘74 Richard Kies ‘93, ‘03 Jay Kirkland ‘99 Paul Owens ‘03 ‘06 Shawn Pearce ‘91, ‘06, ‘98 Christy Ross ‘93 Jessica Sinclair Byron Traynor ‘78

Contributors Gregory Abraszko Bill Armstrong Shannon Bachorick Brent Braaten ’04 Julie Folk ’07 20 22 26 Don Hall Norm Henderson ’83 Trevor Hopkin Chris Jordison Dakota McFadzean ’05 Brian Miller ’89, ’95 features Food for thought 26 Brenda Oliver University faculty members Jennifer Rattray weigh in on the approaches that Robin Schlaht ’92 Meet the new Board Chair 8 David Sealy Sue Barber BA’84 is following in will best meet the needs of the Deborah Sproat her father’s (former U of R global food consumers in the decades to come. All photos by University of Regina president Lloyd Barber) Photography Department footsteps—playing a key unless otherwise noted. administrative role in These aren’t your father’s Original design and layout by comics 32 Bradbury Branding and Design. University governance. University faculty, students and Degrees is published twice a year by alumni are turning the External Relations at the University of Sensational Regina. The magazine is mailed to alumni sesquicentennial 10 academic spotlight on comic and friends of the University. Ideas and This year marks the 150th books and graphic novels. opinions published in Degrees do not necessarily reflect those of the editor, the anniversary of three books that Alumni Association or the University of arguably had the greatest The return of Jason Regina. Letters and editorial impact on human development. Clermont 36 contributions are welcome. Advertising The former University of Regina inquiries are invited. Four faculty members assess the historic significance and the Rams star receiver is back in hullabaloo created in 1859 by town and gunning for a Grey To reach us: John Stuart Mill, Karl Marx and Cup. Editorial/Advertising/Letters Charles Darwin. Degrees, External Relations 210 North Residence, University of Regina departments 3737 Wascana Parkway Three more doctors in the Regina, SK S4S 0A2 house 14 Ph: (306) 585-4402 Fax: (306) 585-4997 Meet this spring’s honorary Feed Back 2 E-mail: [email protected] doctoral degree recipients— President’s Note 4 Address Change/Alumni Relations Connie Kaldor, Anne Luke Alumni Relations BSW’85, BEd’95, MEd’05 and Around Campus 5 210 North Residence, University of Regina 3737 Wascana Parkway Craig Oliver. Regina, SK S4S 0A2 Spot Light 13 Ph: (306) 585-4112 Fax: (306) 585-4997 The kid from E-mail: [email protected] Focal Point 22 Toll-free: 877-779-4723(GRAD) Peepeekisis 20 (in Canada and U.S.) Regina College student Ken Alumni President Message 38 University of Regina homepage Moore played hockey, rugby, Class Notes 39 www.uregina.ca basketball and was a city speed- skating champion. In 1932 he 360 Degrees 42 Publication Mail Agreement Number 40065347 realized his greatest sporting Return undeliverable magazines to: achievement—an Olympic gold External Relations medal as a member of Canada’s 210 North Residence, University of Regina 3737 Wascana Parkway hockey team. Is Moore the best Regina, SK S4S 0A2 athlete associated with the ISSN 0843-7092 University of Regina? Degrees spring 2009 3 President’s Note It was just over a year ago consultations and has included branding exercise further an investment of that I had the pleasure of approximately 100 face-to-face delineates the attributes of the $142.5 million, an increase of being introduced as the meetings, more than 1,100 University that differentiate us $6.6 million or 4.9 per cent seventh president of the survey responses, the creation from other post-secondary over last year. The provincial University of Regina by of a discussion paper, three institutions in Canada and operating grant increased this Mo Bundon, who at that time open forums, and more than throughout North America. year by $4.99 million to was Chair of the Board of 300 written responses to the The attributes of the $85.134 million, and operating Governors. discussion paper. University of Regina, as have revenues and expenditures are If I were to sum up the I am happy to report that been identified through this increasing by $6.6 million from experiences of the past year in the strategic planning process process, are harmonized in the the budget of 2008–2009. a few words, I would have to is nearing completion. Last following statement: I would again like to thank say they have been among the month the plan was reviewed The University of Regina is our academic and most exhilarating, challenging, by Executive Council and this a welcoming, student-focussed administrative leadership who satisfying, hectic, educational, month Senate has done the institution that balances deep- demonstrated the utmost inspirational and fun same. Next month the project rooted values with innovative willingness to work together experiences of my entire life. will conclude when the thinking, classroom theory on budget solutions that I would suggest that the document is ratified by the with real-world practice, and support the long-term well- same has been true for many Board of Governors at its July global ideas with regional being of our University. of my colleagues at the meeting. needs. The comprehensive budget University of Regina. I am I thank all of you who have These are not new plan is now posted on the always impressed by the played a role in its concepts. They are, in effect, University’s website and can commitment and amount of development. I am confident who we are. We can see be viewed at: effort shown by those with that the Strategic Plan will ourselves in these attributes http:///www.uregina.ca/orp/bud whom I work right across serve us well in these and we will ensure that they get.shtml. campus—people who are challenging times currently continue to form the essential Finally, I would like to dedicated to making the upon us, and for the narrative of the University of welcome Board Chair Sue University of Regina the foreseeable future as well. Regina. They will be core to all Barber and Vice-Chair Greg outstanding institution it is. One of the elements of the of the creative development Swanson to their new roles Faculty members, staff, vision statement of the that will be introduced in the with the Board of Governors. students, alumni, government Strategic Plan is to “aspire to new academic year to support Sue and Greg bring officials, community be one of Canada’s best” recruitment and marketing. tremendous assets to the members—it is the individuals similarly-sized institutions. One Also keeping us busy in boardroom and I look forward dedicated to the University of the things that will help us recent months has been the to working with them in the who are truly the driving force realize this vision is another 2009–2010 University budget. months to come to ensure behind our successes. Many of initiative that is about to bear Every year presents a new set that the University of Regina these people have contributed fruit—branding. of challenges and continues to move forward to the major projects that The University branding opportunities for the University toward its stated goals and have occupied much of our initiative has been underway when it comes to establishing objectives. time in the past 12 months. since January 2008, and is a budget that is progressive On behalf of my family and Chief among those projects now informing us how, and to and allows us to best meet the entire University of Regina is the development of the new whom, we market the the needs of students and family, I wish each of you all Strategic Plan, which will serve University of Regina. Branding their academic goals. This year the very best that the summer as the University’s roadmap for is an identity project—not just is no different. season has to offer. the next five years and who we are today, but a This year’s budget has been beyond. This collaborative representation of our history approved and represents the Vianne Timmons initiative began with three- and a projection of our University’s 15th consecutive and-a-half months of aspirations going forward. The balanced budget. It outlines

4 Degrees spring 2009 Above: Tom Chase Top right: Murray Knuttila Below: Lynn Wells

Comings and goings and Social Studies and has (academic) for a five-year term continuing strategic been active in University starting July 1. Wells has held management and enrolment Thomas Chase BA(Hons)’79, administration and community several administrative roles growth of the Kenneth Levene dean of the Faculty of Arts, has service throughout his career. within the Faculty of Arts Graduate School of Business, accepted the position of He received the University of including associate dean the successful introduction of provost and vice-president Regina Alumni Association (research and graduate) and, the master’s certificate (academic) at Royal Roads Award for Public Service in most recently, acting dean. programs and the development University in Victoria. Chase has 2007 and the Saskatchewan of a student-centered approach a long and distinguished history Centennial Medal in 2006. Thomas Hadjistavropoulos has for applicants to business with the University of Regina as been elected Fellow of the graduate programs. a student, academic and Katherine Bergman has moved Canadian Academy of Health administrator. from the Faculty of Science Sciences. The organization Sue Barber BA’84 has been dean’s office to play a lead recognizes individuals of great elected Chair of the University President Vianne Timmons has advisory role to President accomplishment and of Regina Board of Governors been appointed Chair of the Timmons for the University’s achievement in the academic (see story page 8). Canadian Bureau for partnership in the new health sciences in Canada and International Education. Saskatchewan Registered provides timely, informed and Greg Swanson BAdmin’76 has Timmons began her two-year Nursing Education Strategy. The unbiased assessments of urgent been elected Vice-Chair of the term last November. The strategy will redefine registered issues affecting the health of Board of Governors. In 2008, organization is Canada’s nursing education in the Canadians. Hadjistavropoulos is Swanson was the recipient of national body for international province and includes president of the Canadian the Dr. Robert and Norma education and has a collaboration between SIAST Psychological Association Ferguson Award for Outstanding membership of more than 200 and the University of Regina. Foundation, past president of Service for his service to the universities, colleges and school the Canadian Psychological University and the University of boards. Brien Maguire has been Association, an RBC senior Regina Alumni Association. appointed dean of the Faculty research fellow, and is the Swanson was a volunteer Murray Knuttila BA’73, MA’75, of Science until June 30, 2011. director of the Centre on Aging member of the Alumni associate vice-president Maguire has been with the and Health. Association Board between (academic), has accepted the University since 1972 and has 1996 and 2007 and was position of vice-president twice served as department Anne Lavack was appointed president of the URAA in (academic) at Brock University head of the Department of dean of the Faculty of Business 2001–02. After his six-year term after more than 30 years’ Computer Science. Administration on June 1. She with the URAA Board ended, service to the University of had served as acting dean since Swanson continued as the Regina. Knuttila is a professor Lynn Wells has been appointed fall 2007. In her role as acting Association’s Senate in the Department of Sociology the associate vice-president dean, Lavack oversaw the representative through 2007.

Degrees spring 2009 5 Far left: University Athletics Award winners (left to right) Bill Hutchinson (MLA, Regina South), Cymone Bouchard, Kyle Ross, Janine Polischuk, Jeremy Eckert, Rianne Wight, Larry LeBlanc, Hajar Ashtiani, Vianne Timmons. At left: (left to right) Vianne Timmons, Charles Pratt, Benjamin Fiore and Bruce Perlson uncovered a granite plaque commemorating the shared history of the University and its three federated colleges.

On July 1 of that year, he was Don Millard BA’74, the Magazine. Timmons is named with the University of Regina elected as the Senate University liaison to Advanced to the list, among other things, Rams. Fourth-year women’s representative on the U of R Education, Employment and for her “high profile on the wrestler Hajar Ashtiani was this Board of Governors. Labour, has retired after a 35- national scene,” as incoming year’s recipient of the year career in government. chair of the Canadian Bureau President’s Award, given to the University Librarian Carol Hixson Millard served as liaison to the for International Education and senior University athlete that has accepted an offer to University of Regina for 15 as board member of the Regina best exhibits academic and become dean of the years. Regional Economic athletic ability and commitment Nelson Poynter Memorial Library Development Authority. to service in the community. at the University of South Second-year Cougars hockey Florida St. Petersburg. She Congratulations Students of the Paul J. Hill forward Kyle Ross was named begins her new role on August School of Business at the male athlete of the year after 1. Denise Stilling, a faculty University of Regina took home winning the Dr. Randy Gregg member in the Faculty of second place for the second Award as the Canada West The University has aligned its Engineering, shared the 2009 consecutive year at the JDC outstanding student-athlete and internationalization activities Award of Innovation with Urban West Commerce Games, an being named a Canada West under a new banner called UR Forest Recyclers of Swift annual western Canadian second-team all-star. For the International. The new entity Current. The award was business competition held in second consecutive season, includes the former Office of presented to Stilling and Linden late January. fifth-year athlete Janine International Cooperation and Maxwell, manager of research Polischuk was named the Development (OICD) and the and development at Urban Elizabeth Raum won a Western female athlete of the year. International Student Success Forest Recyclers, at the Regina Canadian Music Award for her Polischuk won five Canada West Office (ISSO). The change is the Chamber of Commerce’s composition “Dark Thoughts.” medals and three CIS medals result of past reviews and Paragon Awards banquet. The composition may be heard this season and was named the reports which have suggested on the CD When Bodies Leave Canadian Interuniversity Sport an amalgamation of U of R Malcolm Wilson, director of the Ecstatic Marks, the second field athlete of the year for the international activities. Dongyan Office of Energy and recording to be released by the second year. Blachford, who was serving as Environment, has been named Prairie Sounds imprint of the the acting director of OICD will one of the “Top 10 Men of Canadian Music Centre’s Prairie serve as the acting director of Influence” by Saskatchewan Region. Briefly UR International until a Business Magazine. Wilson is permanent director is identified. responsible for energy and Charity Marsh, Canada Research At a March 31 ceremony, the environment at the University Chair in Interactive Media and University and its three Rod Kelln has completed his and in 2007 was recognized as Performance and director of the federated colleges unveiled a term as associate vice-president co-recipient of the 2007 Nobel University’s Interactive Media lasting monument designed to (research), a position he held Prize for Peace for his work on and Performance Labs, has celebrate their longstanding since July 2007. He continues the International Panel on been nominated for Canada’s federation. University President his duties as dean of the Climate Change (IPCC) with Top 40 Under 40, a national Vianne Timmons, Campion Faculty of Graduate Studies and former U.S. vice-president program founded and managed College President Benjamin Research. Al Gore and the scientists of by The Caldwell Partners. Fiore, S.J., First Nations the IPCC. University of Canada President David Malloy will serve as The University of Regina Sports Charles Pratt and Luther College acting director of the Office of President Vianne Timmons has Hall of Fame grew by two with President Bruce Perlson Research Services until August been recognized as one of this the induction of former Cougars uncovered a granite plaque 31 when the University is year’s “Saskatchewan’s Ten point guard Cymone Bouchard commemorating the institutions’ expected to have completed its Women of Influence” by BKin’04 and Larry LeBlanc shared history and affirming search for a permanent director. Saskatchewan Business BA’74, a long-time volunteer their commitment to a common

6 Degrees spring 2009 academic vision. Identical been created through founding improve intelligent enable SEC to develop public plaques will be permanently investments of $5 million each transportation systems. The awareness materials and installed at each of the from the Government of systems use advanced computer campaigns. federated colleges, as well as at Saskatchewan and Shell. The and communications a location on the main campus. centre’s location at the U of R technologies to keep track of A team of University researchers, recognizes the University’s traffic flows, and are in use in including President Vianne The University’s newest building experience in addressing the Toronto, Vancouver and Calgary. Timmons, has begun working has formally been named the issues related to carbon capture with members of the local Research and Innovation Centre. and storage and firmly University of Regina graduate community on a new program The state-of-the-art building establishes Saskatchewan as a students will receive funding for designed to increase the literacy features research labs, office global leader in the technology. traffic safety research as a result levels of new Canadians whose and meeting space, lounges and of a large donation by first language is not English. student study areas. There was further evidence of Saskatchewan Government “Connecting Families through that leadership at the May 7 Insurance (SGI). The government Community” is a project that The actions of five students signing of a Memorandum of insurer is donating $100,000 involves working closely with from the Faculty of Kinesiology Understanding (MOU) between over a four-year period to renew immigrant families in Regina to and Health Studies are making the Government of the SGI Graduate Student Traffic develop and implement a a difference in the lives of Saskatchewan and the State of Safety Research Scholarship. flexible literacy program that people with disabilities who Montana. The MOU will help the The scholarship is intended to meets the families’ specific play wheelchair basketball. The University take its carbon create opportunities for needs. five students—Sonya Soveran, capture technology research to graduate students to produce Timmons’ co-investigators on Michelle Tessier, Catherine the next level and marks the thesis-based research on the project are Barbara McNeil Shore, Chelsea Dinsmore and first attempt to realize a full- engineering or human-factor and Fatima Pirbhai-Illich, both Shannon Len—raised close to chain project to demonstrate issues related to traffic safety. professors in the Faculty of $2,500 to purchase a sport and test large-scale post- Education. Connecting Families wheelchair for Regina’s combustion carbon capture and On March 23, the University through Communities also Paratroopers Wheelchair storage. announced a natural gas involves a research team at the Basketball Club. The project was The project will construct a purification research project University of Prince Edward part of an adapted physical 300-1,000 tonne per day capture funded by SaskEnergy. The Island, where Timmons was activity course that included a unit, which will be attached to University research team, led by vice-president of Academic project called “Make a an existing coal-fired power Faculty of Engineering Development. Difference.” plant in Saskatchewan. The professors Amornvadee Veawab pipeline attached to the plant and Adisorn Aroonwilas,is Children who experience will deliver CO2 from working with SaskEnergy to difficulty walking because of Research review Saskatchewan to a geological complete three stages of conditions such as spina bifida storage site in northeastern primary research to meet the and cerebral palsy and people The Government of Montana in the Williston Basin. needs of Saskatchewan natural who have knee replacement Saskatchewan, Royal Dutch The project is intended to gas producers. They hope to surgery will benefit from gait Shell and the University of deliver as much as one million find an economical, small-scale analysis work being done at the Regina have partnered to tonnes of CO2 over four years of means of removing Neuromechanical Research establish a new international the storage test. The University contaminants from produced Centre in the Faculty of centre that will help make will participate along with the natural gas, and then find a way Kinesiology and Health Studies. Western Canada a world leader Government of Saskatchewan to transport these by-products University researchers and in the worldwide deployment and SaskPower in the through the existing pipeline their colleagues from the Regina and acceptance of carbon development and operation of systems. Qu’Appelle Health Region are dioxide capture and storage. the reference/capture unit and using gait analysis for two new Globally, many governments and will contribute the research and The University’s Seniors initiatives: a research project industries view the technology demonstration of its existing Education Centre (SEC) at the that will use gait analysis to as a promising greenhouse gas capture plants to the reference Centre for Continuing Education find out more about post- reduction mechanism, and the plant program, as well as has received funding from operative recovery from knee University has been instrumental significant in-kind capital assets. Human Resources and Skills replacement surgery and a pilot in pioneering the technology Development Canada to fund program that will provide gait through its CO2 capture research Travelling by road could become the development of elder abuse analysis services for Children’s and participation in the safer and faster thanks to awareness programs for health Program clients from Wascana Weyburn enhanced oil recovery research underway by professionals, police officers and Rehabilitation Centre. project. The new centre, known engineering professor Mohamed retirement planners. The funding as the International Performance El-Darieby. El-Darieby is leading will also be used to train senior Assessment Centre for Geologic a research team that is looking volunteers to deliver the Storage of CO2 (IPAC-CO2), has at ways to enhance and awareness programs and will

Degrees spring 2009 7 By Bill Armstrong Photos by University of Regina Photography Department.

Meet the new Board Chair

Sue Barber, a second- generation University of Regina administrator, takes her place at the head of the Board of Governors’ table.

New Chair of the Board of Governors Sue Barber.

8 Degrees spring 2009 think.” There’s more to it than that. “I’ve developed a greater Both mother and father were appreciation for the magnitude and emotionally and financially supportive number of issues that really can affect of education for their children, and universities in Canada, and certainly in they instilled a strong work ethic in Saskatchewan,” Barber observes. “It Susan and her five siblings. The kids was easy for me as a student to look at always had chores to do around the it with one set of eyes, but when you family home at Regina Beach, and they are on the Board you have the interests all spent summers working at the of the institution as a whole that you lakeside regional park. have to bear in mind, which includes a “I went from lifeguard to lawyer,” whole range of stakeholders you have says Barber, with just a bit of to be aware of. So, it’s a big job. exaggeration. She received her “Our new President Vianne Bachelor of Laws degree from the Timmons is wonderful to work with,” Reflecting back on the Arts degree she University of Saskatchewan in 1987, Barber continues. “The administration, earned from the University of Regina, and has built a distinguished law the Board—everybody is looking at Sue Barber BA’84 says it has served her practice with McDougall Gauley LLP. where this University is going to be in well. “It sets you up to be able to go She was appointed Queen’s Counsel in five years. This time last year we would down a number of different roads; it 2008. Her volunteer work in the not have been talking about economic opens a whole panorama of options,” community has been recognized many struggles, but now we’re facing some she adds. times, including being named YWCA different challenges, and we don’t In Barber’s case, one road leads back Woman of Distinction in Business, know what might hit us around the to a new leadership role at her alma Labour and the Professions in 2000 and corner.” mater. She was recently named Chair of as a Woman of Influence by Barber believes strong links with the Board of Governors, after serving Saskatchewan Business Magazine in the community will help the U of R on the Board since 2005. It seems like a 2008. Currently, she is a member of the weather any unexpected blows, help to perfectly logical destination, even Board of the Canada West Foundation recruit students and move the though it wasn’t one she had marked and serves as Vice-Chair of the Board of University toward the goal of being on her career roadmap. the Information Services Corporation that destination of choice. For Barber, “I remember when I first went on of Saskatchewan. Service to the this is also where those two-way the Board,” Barber recalls, “it was community is another hallmark of the connections with alumni are so vital to because (then president) David Barnard Barber clan. the life of the University. “It is a said, ‘We really want you to do this and “You hear this all the time,” she wonderful thing to be able to share we will try to facilitate it.’ It hadn’t notes, “but I really do think it’s some of the knowledge and success with the university in one form or been on my radar, but when the important to give back to the another,” Barber says. “We’ve always opportunity arose I thought, okay, this institutions that contributed to putting been exporting people from makes sense.” you where you are, whether that be Saskatchewan, and I think it’s great Her father, who served as president your high school, your university or when people who have done really of the U of R for 15 years, would agree. some other body. Certainly the well, who are products of our “Susie is extremely well-organized and University did that for me.” University, can give some of that back. conscientious,” says Lloyd Barber. “She What are her thoughts as she moves There are just so many ways it can gave this appointment careful into her new responsibilities as happen, either through the Alumni consideration before accepting, Chairperson? Everyone on the Board, Association, the Board or some other because she’s not willing to do a she muses, wants the U of R to be “the capacity.” second-rate job.” jewel of the province, to try to turn it D Second-rate doesn’t appear to be in into a university of choice, a Bill Armstrong is a freelance writer and her vocabulary. Susan graduated from destination for people who will come communications consultant in Regina. the U of R with Great Distinction in here and stay here.” It’s an ambitious 1984, and had the uncommon goal, Barber acknowledges, and during experience of being hooded by her her time on the Board she’s learned father. She didn’t get the good marks more about the complexities of because her dad was president, she guiding a multifaceted institution like stresses, “but I did get the good genes, I the U of R.

Degrees spring 2009 9 Sensational By David Sealy sesquicentennial Photo by Don Hall, University of Regina Photography Department.

he so-called Chinese curse, ideas and that was another plan behind Darwinism has its detractors. A “May you live in interesting this anniversary, to see how well recent survey in the United States times,” implies that stability they’ve stood up after 150 years: are showed 40 per cent of the public held and predictability are they old Victorian fashions that should Darwinism to be untrue. Hewson says, prerequisites to human be gotten rid of, or are they still solid, “I think the greatest misconception is Thappiness. The last few months have worthwhile and enduring?” that somehow Darwin undermines found humanity cycling between The Origin of Species introduced the morality. There’s suspicion that if we interesting and more interesting. Every concept of populations evolving think of ourselves as animals or beasts day news of global economic through the process of natural that we’re going to act like animals or turbulence and real or imagined selection. Richard Dawkins refers to beasts.” Here Hewson mischievously pandemics is discussed and debated by this theory as “the most powerful idea quotes The Bloodhound Gang: “You millions. When we’re faced with an that has ever occurred to a man.” and me baby ain’t nothing but uncertain future, re-examining the Hewson calls Darwin a monumental mammals, so let’s do it like they do on work of great thinkers is a valuable and original thinker who drew on his own the Discovery Channel.” illuminating pursuit that helps to observations. Hewson asserts that Darwinism provide perspective on our current “He wasn’t someone who got his and religion are not mutually situation. theory from reading other books. He exclusive. “On the contrary, Darwinism We enlisted four University got it from observing the natural world explains to us that we are by nature professors to discuss the 150th from his own scientific perspective, moral beings, that we have a kind of anniversary of the publication of three looking at worms and finches. He was moral sense built and evolved into us. landmark works: On Liberty by John a great and careful observer of the We have strong moral emotions of Stuart Mill, the Preface to A Critique of natural world.” indignation when something wrong Political Economy by Karl Marx and The Hewson notes Darwin’s theory happens or gratitude when something Origin of Species by Charles Darwin. hasn’t lost its relevance and remains good happens.” Philip Hansen, professor of remarkably simple, clear and accessible Lee Ward, an associate professor philosophy, says in times of turmoil, to ordinary people. “It’s still sound at of political science at Campion “History suddenly matters. We want to the core. It explains a lot with a little: College, says John Stuart Mill’s On see where we’ve come from and where why the peacock has such an amazing Liberty stands apart from other we might be going because we can no tail, why some bacteria grow to be contemporary works. “Marx and longer assume the kind of inevitability drug-resistant, why some people can Darwin identify massive social and or permanence of an eternal present.” digest milk and others can’t.” physical forces that dwarf the Martin Hewson, faculty member Darwinian Theory plays a role in individual, who somewhat disappears in the Department of Political Science, the nature versus nurture debate, in their discussion. Mill is conscious of agrees that discussing three of the most refuting the claim that humans are these forces and their impacts on far-reaching works in history had its primarily moulded by their respective thinking. undeniable appeal. “It occurred to me societies. Hewson says, “We’re not just “On Liberty speaks to current that in 1859 there was this remarkable a blank hard drive. Darwinism shows issues and it’s written in such an confluence of these three different that there is a human nature, that we accessible way. It deals with a topic great ideas. That happens very, very do come preinstalled with some that concerns us directly—freedom rarely.” applications. A lot of behaviour is and the importance of the individual.” Hewson remarks that these big learned from our teachers and society, The book contains Mill’s famous and ideas were definitely a product of their but we do have predispositions to contentious harm principle: an time. “They’re all in a way Victorian think and act in certain ways.” individual has the right of free speech

10 Degrees spring 2009 This year marks the 150th anniversary of three of the most influential volumes ever to hit bookstores. Four faculty members assess the historic significance and the hullabaloo created in 1859 by John Stuart Mill, Karl Marx and Charles Darwin.

(left to right) Martin Hewson, assistant professor in the Department of Political Science; Lee Ward, associate professor of political science at Campion College; Canada Research Chair in Social Justice and political science professor Shadia Drury; and Philip Hansen, faculty member of the Department of Philosophy.

Degrees spring 2009 11 Charles Darwin Karl Marx John Stuart Mill

and can do whatever he or she wants as argument wasn’t simply theoretical. forms of social order was that our long as the result doesn’t harm others. During his term in parliament, he ability to work, which Marx saw as Mill, a prominent Victorian who proposed legislation to extend the vote central to who we were, had turned rose to the position of second-in- to women. into something to be bought or sold. command of the British East India Through Mill, Drury sees a clear This pervasive commoditization is so Company, also served a term in link between liberalism and much a part of our lives, we take it for parliament. He was an articulate and imperialism. “Mill saw his own society granted.” well-reasoned proponent of the at the apex of historical progress. With Marx sees history as a continuing individual’s right to attain happiness this privilege came a certain progression through various productive through experimentation and responsibility to help the rest of the epochs. Hansen says, “The industrial intellectual rigour. This quest for world, drag the rest of the world with it. revolution made it clear that the happiness was linked to the quest for He viewed other societies like Indian bourgeois or capitalist mode of truth. Ward summarizes, “Anyone who societies, for example, to be not so production was qualitatively different follows a life path determined by the capable because they weren’t than what came before because of its preferences of others cannot be happy.” sufficiently developed, and that’s what explosive productive capacities. Yet Similar sentiments found their way justified British imperialism.” Drury Marx saw it as a historical way station into the youth culture of the 1960s. sees the imperialistic elements of on the way to something else. And the Ironically, Mill thought Victorian liberalism continuing to manifest itself sense that we live in time and that time England was a stultifying, conformist in United States foreign policy. is history is really the central metaphor society. Ward says, “Victorian society She observes that three great that we can detect in Marx’s work.” wasn’t nearly as oppressive as Mill powers came into conflict in WWII: Many have observed similarities makes it out to be. There were powerful Britain with primarily liberal ideals, between Communism and Christianity, changes in western civilization by the Russia with Marx’s communist ideals noting in both cases the faithful wait to mid-19th century the traditional and Nazi Germany with a perverted inherit the earth. And although Hansen economic, political, religious and social form of social Darwinism—asserting a agrees that Communism has been order that had governed Europe for claim that the ideal German had a largely discredited, he thinks Marx’s 500 years was coming to an end. Many genetic and biological advantage over economic theories are still credible and people were prepared to listen to a other groups. The conflict partially was experiencing a resurgence with the counterargument, precisely because old a product of each nation believing recent global economic problems. traditions were no longer accepted history was moving toward their “Marx sees life under capitalism as simply as tradition.” particular utopian ideal, but an all-too- a conflict- and tension-ridden existence. Mill’s eloquent and passionate human impatience set in. Capitalism is taken for granted and defence of liberty and free speech “History has such a colossal time seems eternal and permanent; there is continues to influence civil libertarians line. People aren’t going to wait for no alternative until suddenly things and academics. Ward notes the process history; they’re going to push history don’t work so well. And Marx explained of an individual asserting their rights along faster in the direction that they capitalism was prone to crisis and against abuses by government and know it’s already travelling. So each boom and bust—what we more society continues to evolve, but we can country sort of fast-tracked the euphemistically call the business cycle. trace their origin back to Mill. historical process in the direction it was There’s always the question whether Shadia Drury, professor of political hopefully going.” this business cycle is just a normal blip science, calls Mill the father of modern Philip Hansen says the key to or whether it portends something else liberalism. “He was a classic liberal in understanding Marx and the Preface is, existing down the road.” D the sense that he was on the side of all “The view that humans are essentially the downtrodden. He was critical about productive beings, that that was their David Sealy lives, works and writes in the infantilization of women in species’ nature. For Marx, what Regina. Western European society.” Mill’s distinguished capitalism from other

12 Degrees spring 2009 Cassandra Opikokew BAJ’09 has just graduated from the University’s School of Journalism. Opikokew was instrumental in establishing the Indigenous Students’ Association and served three terms as the Aboriginal representative on the U of R Students’ Union, a position that had been vacant since it was created in the 1990s. As well, she is co-chair on the Federation of Saskatchewan Indian Nations Environmental Youth Council and was active in the Aboriginal caucus of the Canadian Federation of Students. This year, she attended Inclusion Works ‘09, which brought together 100 of Canada’s outstanding Aboriginal post-secondary graduates. Opikokew has been accepted into the law programs in both Saskatoon and Victoria and is considering returning to school in the fall.

D You have been a mentor to access post-secondary education. That’s younger Aboriginal students. Who was everyone’s responsibility. your mentor? D What role does First Nations My mentors have always been my tradition play in your life? parents, Brian and Isabelle Opikokew. I’ve always been close with my family It’s a big part of my identity and who I and they are whom I turn to first for am so I don’t know if I can pinpoint it guidance, especially my mom. I’ve been down to a few things. I was raised and lucky to have some amazing professors, learned on my own the traditions and too. teachings of my Cree culture and find it very natural to incorporate them into my D What attracted you to study own life. It’s a way of living and my journalism? desire to give back to my community is tribute to what I’ve been taught. This is I always wanted to pick a profession an area of life where I hope to continue where I felt I could make a difference in to grow. the world and would be engaged in my community. The opportunities to learn D What is the greatest gift you have new things, meet interesting people and ever received? travel were what initially attracted me. Journalists see and learn things that I think the greatest gift I have ever been regular people don’t always get to—it’s given was my childhood and upbringing exciting. in northern Saskatchewan. I have been blessed with an amazing mother, father D What do you think is the most and brother and extended family. I feel valuable characteristic to be a good very lucky to have been brought up the journalist? way I was.

Integrity. D What is your favourite book and why? D What do you think is the key to success for Aboriginal post-secondary The Spirituality of Imperfection: students? Storytelling and the Search for Meaning by Ernest Kurtz and Katherine Ketcham. What I’ve found key to my success and It was a gift from my mom and dad. I my friends’ is support. We need more think it was meant as a hint about support from our institutions, our learning the importance and relevance of communities, the larger public and making mistakes and letting go of definitely more financial support at all perfection. But it’s a great book—I levels including on-reserve and inner-city especially love the chapter on schooling right up to post-secondary. We forgiveness. I highly recommend it to lose a lot of smart, talented Aboriginal both slackers and recovering children before they even get a chance to perfectionists alike.

Degrees spring 2009 13 Three more doct

At the time, Kaldor was unique on the folk festival circuit: a female singer-songwriter who spoke directly to her audience, breaking down the barriers between spectator and performer. By 1984, she was headlining folk festivals across the country and, along with other performers, helping to forge a distinctive Canadian sound. Kaldor has recorded 11 albums, and hosted and performed on the program Wood River Hall, produced by Vision TV. She was nominated for a Juno award as most promising female vocalist in 1984, and her Love is a Truck album was nominated for a Juno in the Folk Roots category in 2000. Kaldor’s live performances are legendary among her fiercely loyal fans. Her songs and in-between conversations with her audiences provide fearless insights into human experiences. Although she has lived away from the Prairies for many years, they still show up in her songs and are still in her heart. Connie Kaldor “There was a point where I said, Connie Kaldor was born in Regina during a May blizzard that followed a spring heat wave. It should not come as a surprise, okay, if you want to be a musician then, that Kaldor is a performer whose work does not fit and songwriter and make your living neatly into categories. at it, you had better put the time and As a child, she wanted to be everything from a marine attention into it and head out there to biologist to a rodeo rider rather than a singer. Looking at her family background, however, what choice did she have? Her see if anyone wants to hear your father was the choir director at the local Lutheran church. Her songs,” Kaldor recalls. “I came out of mother and her older twin sisters played piano, her older experimental theatre when it just brother played guitar and tuba and her younger brother seemed natural to make your show played trumpet. Needless to say, young Connie first found her voice singing in the church choir. and take it on the road.” While Kaldor is known as a singer-songwriter, her first “There is a sense [on the Prairies] of space and possibilities,” career choice was in theatre. She received her degree from the Kaldor says. “I find it inspiring. There haven’t been hundreds University of Alberta in 1976, and practised her craft with of years of people leaving their mark on the visual landscape alternative theatre companies for the next four years. As here. You are always surrounded by an extraordinary sky. It is satisfying as that was, she missed making music. good to feel small in the universe every once in a while.” “There was a point where I said, okay, if you want to be a Kaldor married Paul Campagne in 1990. Campagne is a musician and songwriter and make your living at it, you had music producer and member of the group Hart Rouge. They better put the time and attention into it and head out there to live in Montréal with their two boys, Gabriel and Aleski. see if anyone wants to hear your songs,” Kaldor recalls. “I came out of experimental theatre when it just seemed natural to make your show and take it on the road.”

14 Degrees spring 2009 tors in the house A talented singer-songwriter, a compassionate community educator and one of Canada’s most experienced journalists join the ranks of U of R honorary degree recipients. By Bill Armstrong

Photos by University of Regina Photography Department and courtesy of Connie Kaldor.

were set in 1977 and have been adhered to for the past 32 years, she states. “The research that has been published over the past decade is consistent with the intuitive understanding of the parents and the staff of the ELC,” she adds. “The research has validated our instincts.” While Luke was busy making connections with parents and the community, struggling to attract funding for the ELC and searching for qualified staff willing to work for less money than they could make in the school system, she also found time to earn degrees from the U of R in social work (1985) and education (1989). She also received her master’s degree in education from the U of R in 2004. Luke has also completed courses in community development, counselling and conversational Cree. Over the years, Luke has received several awards for her work in early childhood education, including the President’s Award from the United Way of Regina, Commemorative Anne Luke BSW’85, BEd’95, MEd’05 Medal for the Centennial of Saskatchewan and the Mother of Anne Luke grew up in a “green and lovely” village in the Year award from the Wascana Kiwanis Club. She and her Lancashire, England. She fondly recalls the childhood games husband Orland Beach have three sons and a daughter, and she played with her friends throughout the cycle of the three grandchildren. seasons. She also discovered the well-stocked library in the village, and developed a love of reading early in life. “The research that has been Luke trained as a primary school teacher in Liverpool, and published over the past decade is taught five- to nine-year-olds in London and Leicester until she moved to Saskatchewan in 1969. She helped to develop consistent with the intuitive parent-supported kindergartens in Wolseley and Morse before understanding of the parents and moving to Regina, where she taught kindergarten from 1973 the staff of the ELC,” she adds. to 1977. She left the school system in 1977 to help establish the Regina Early Learning Centre (ELC), driven by her strong “The research has validated our sense that some kind of intervention was needed to help instincts.” children from low-income families succeed in school. “The research was in its infancy back then, but the small Looking back over her work with the Early Learning group of parents who founded the ELC knew that the school Centre, Luke continues to be amazed that the vision to system, as it was then, did not always meet the needs of their improve the lives of those who are marginalized by poverty, children,” Luke says. “In fact, their children often began racism and the long-term effects of colonization has captured school lagging behind their more advantaged peers and the the imagination of so many people. gap rarely closed.” “The many volunteers who generously give their time and For the Early Learning Centre to succeed, Luke believed it talents are making Saskatchewan a better place for all,” she must be rooted in the community, respectful of cultural says. “As an immigrant, I have always felt that, in diversity, and include parent involvement and family support, Saskatchewan, it is possible to make a difference.” particularly parenting and family literacy. These standards

Degrees spring 2009 15 Oliver says the most significant change he has observed over his years in broadcasting is the influx of women into newsrooms—a change for the better, in his opinion. “Male- dominated newsrooms were really disagreeable places. Women not only cleaned them up, they also changed what news was covered. Beats like education began to be covered as they never had been before,” Oliver observes. Oliver was born in Vancouver and spent his teen years in Prince Rupert. He studied English and history at the University of Regina—then called University of Saskatchewan, Regina Campus—and at the University of Winnipeg. Away from the television studio, Oliver is an avid equestrian and outdoorsman. For more than 20 summers, he spent time riding in the Rockies, and until recently enjoyed riding his English mare Katie at home in Ottawa.

Photo by Gregory Abraszko Oliver fell into his broadcasting career, Craig Oliver beginning as a summer relief announcer/reporter at age 18, with the Everyone with an interest in politics is familiar with the unique style that journalist Craig Oliver brings to his reporting of local CBC radio station in Prince Canada’s political theatre. Oliver has gone toe-to-toe with the Rupert, B.C. “I always say that it paid country’s top politicians, armed with encyclopedic knowledge better than high school,butifIhave and probing questions fine-tuned by 52 years of broadcasting experience. He has known and covered 10 prime ministers, and one regret it’s that I didn’t get a better he was in Saskatchewan in 1962 covering the Medicare crisis. education.” Oliver fell into his broadcasting career, beginning as a summer relief announcer/reporter at age 18, with the local CBC Until his vision failed, Oliver would also lead a group of radio station in Prince Rupert, B.C. “I always say that it paid canoeists each summer on expeditions to paddle white-water better than high school, but if I have one regret it’s that I didn’t rivers in northern Canada. On a few occasions Pierre Trudeau get a better education.” was his canoe partner, and the two also hiked across the From that modest beginning, learning on the job, Oliver has Rockies together. “He was a very strong paddler,” recalls covered events across the country and around the world. Since Oliver. joining CTV in 1972, he has served as the network’s director of Oliver is legally blind. He celebrated his 70th birthday by news and current affairs, producer of Canada AM’s first hosting a fund-raiser that raised more than $100,000 for the episodes and political correspondent in Washington. Today, he Ottawa Eye Institute. continues to grill Canada’s political leaders on CTV’s flagship Oliver is married to Anne-Marie Bergeron. Their daughter political program, Question Period. is a third-year student at the University of Toronto. Craig’s During his remarkable career, Oliver has covered every son, Murray Oliver, is also a journalist who earned his degree federal election campaign since 1957 and co-anchored the last from the University of Regina. D five election night broadcasts with Lloyd Robertson. He has received a plethora of honours, including two Gemini awards Bill Armstrong is a freelance writer and communications and the Charles Lynch Lifetime Achievement Award. consultant in Regina.

16 Degrees spring 2009 17 SEX, BUGS & UNLOCKIN’ CODES Illustration by Chris Jordison, Coventry Design.

Males of many species provide females with food in exchange for sex. This and other fascinating facts from two new U of R science classes offered this past winter.

18 Degrees spring 2009 Two new science courses made their debut this past winter—Sex: The Evolutionary Biology of Reproduction and The Art and Science of Secret Writing. While the courses were offered to all students, they were designed to appeal especially to non-science students looking to fulfil their natural science requirements. “The Sex Class,” as it was dubbed, was designed to help students understand sexual reproduction in animals (including humans) in evolutionary terms. The course dealt with such topics as evolution and natural selection, sexual selection, mating systems, mate selection and social behaviour. The Art and Science of Secret Writing examined classical and modern methods of message encryption, decryption and cryptoanalysis. The class delved into the military and social history of cryptology and the public policy questions raised by its increasing use in conjunction with the Internet. The primary goal of the class was to teach the RSA algorithm, the most commonly used encryption and authentication algorithm developed in 1977 by Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir and Leonard Adleman. Thanks to instructors Mark Brigham and Michael Kozdron, here are some tantalizing little tidbits from each class.

THE SEX CLASS THE ART AND SCIENCE OF SECRET WRITING

• Sex does not equal reproduction. Sex is simply a way to mix • The first known use of a modern cipher was by Julius Caesar, genes. who created a code because he did not trust his messengers when communicating with his governors and officers. • The weakest part of Charles Darwin’s argument was that he could not explain how traits were passed on between • In recent times, cryptography has turned into a battleground individuals—that had to wait until Gregor Mendel uncovered of some of the world’s best mathematicians and computer how genes are passed on between generations. scientists. The ability to securely store and transfer sensitive information has proved a critical factor in success in war and • In virtually all species, females make the choice of mates. business.

• Females usually select males on the basis of material • The RSA algorithm is the most commonly used encryption and resources they can offer and/or obtain as well as good genes authentication algorithm and is used by Microsoft and for their offspring. Netscape web browsers and many other software programs. The RSA algorithm relies primarily on mathematics developed • Males of many species provide females with food in exchange in the 16th century by the French mathematician Pierre de for sex. Fermat. It’s one example of many in which mathematical ideas developed for purely intellectual reasons find practical • True monogamy, real happily-ever-after, till-death-do-us-part applications decades or centuries later. romance is almost unheard of in nature. • A team of mathematicians and linguists led by mathematical • When female lions are in heat, they will mate about once genius Alan Turing cracked the World War II German Enigma every 30 minutes for four to five continuous days and nights. cryptosystem. Cracking the Enigma code is widely acknowledged as one of the great technological feats of the • For human males, what is considered attractive insofar as past century and helped the Allies win the war. female features go are chiefly those that reflect youth-like facial features and fat distribution. • Anytime we buy something online, talk on a cell phone, use a credit card or bank online, we are transmitting data that have • For human females, a more complex suite of features is most been securely encrypted. important for selecting mates. At the top of the list are cues reflecting status and wealth. Also important are cues reflecting health, age, strength, dependability and attentiveness to children. The choices tend to be independent of culture.

Degrees spring 2009 19 The kid from By Jennifer Rattray

Photos courtesy of Jennifer Rattray and University of Regina Archives and Special Collections.

Eighty years ago, a scrawny First Nations kid from northeast of Regina showed up on the steps of Regina College, the predecessor of the University of Regina. While attending Regina College, Ken Moore captained the hockey and rugby teams and played on the school’s basketball team. He also won two Regina speed-skating championships during those years. But his greatest sporting accomplishment would come in 1932 as a member of the Winnipeg Hockey Club when Moore and his teammates were crowned Olympic champions at the Lake Placid Winter Games. His granddaughter, Jennifer Rattray, looks back on the sporting accomplishments of quite possibly the greatest athlete associated with the University of Regina.

Kenneth Strath education. He attended Campion Today, Moore’s achievements are Moore, a member College and Regina College on athletic considered extraordinary. Moore of the Peepeekisis scholarships where he captained represents excellence and the particular First Nation, was hockey and rugby teams. poetry that occurs when talent and born in Balcarres, Moore toured the country as a heart come together to overcome Saskatchewan, in member of the Regina Argonauts poverty, prejudice and tragedy. 1910—the third baseball team at the age of just 15. He Moore gave back to the community of eight children. was a Canadian Junior Hockey League by coaching the St. Boniface Athletics When his two champion, scoring the winning goal to the MAHA junior north division older brothers with 40 seconds left in the game to hockey championship title in 1942 and died attending residential school, his bring home the Memorial Cup. Moore 1943, and the St. James Canadians to parents moved the family to Regina won two Allan Cup national hockey the south junior title and the Provincial where they became one of the original championships, and in 1932 reached Junior Hockey Championships in 1944. First Nations families to reside in the the pinnacle of his career when he The Kimberley Dynamiters, on city. travelled to Lake Placid, New York, to which Moore had played, was inducted At a young age, Moore demonstrated play in the Olympic Games where he into the British Columbia Sports Hall of athletic ability that was matched only received a gold medal. That medal Fame in 1976, and the Winnipegs, by his sportsmanship. He excelled at made history, as Moore is believed to be Moore’s 1932 Olympic hockey team, hockey, baseball, lacrosse, rugby, the first Aboriginal person to win an was inducted into the Manitoba Sports basketball, speed skating and every Olympic gold medal. Hall of Fame and Manitoba Hockey other sport he played. In newspaper While success marked his athletic Hall of Fame in 1987. articles, Moore is described repeatedly life, tragedy would mark Moore’s Moore married Edith Mae as “the outstanding player for his team” personal life. Only three of his siblings McDougall and has one daughter, two and a “super sniper” who “possessed a survived to adulthood. In addition to granddaughters and one great-grandson terrific shot . . . and a turn of speed that losing his two older brothers at as well as nephews, a niece, great- carries him out of many tight spots.” residential school, a younger brother, nephews and great-nieces. He died in As a family of extremely modest Percy, died as a teenager in a grain Winnipeg, Manitoba, in December means, Moore’s parents James and elevator accident and Moore’s youngest 1982. D Edith sacrificed to provide him with brother Lloyd died in the Second World the equipment he needed to participate War aboard HMCS St. Croix, which was Jennifer Rattray is executive director of in sports. All family savings went to torpedoed on Sept. 20, 1943. His brother Government, Indigenous and Community purchase skates, jerseys and other Victor survived the war, winning the Affairs at the University of Winnipeg and a equipment. His athletic ability enabled Military Cross for distinguished and former broadcast news anchor in him to win scholarships and achieve an meritorious services in battle. Winnipeg.

20 Degrees spring 2009 Peepeekisis

KEN MOORE’S CAREER HIGHLIGHTS

1925 Regina Argonauts baseball team—toured the country with the team and played centre field 1925 King’s lacrosse team—centre 1925 Regina Argos Hockey Team 1927–28 Campion College—Hockey, senior rugby and baseball teams; second place finish in the bike race on field day 1928–29 Regina College—Captain of the hockey team, played on the rugby and basketball teams 1929 Winner of two City of Regina speed-skating championships 1929–30 Regina College—Captain of the hockey and rugby team, played on the basketball team 1930 Abbott Memorial Cup (Western Canadian Junior Hockey championship) as member of the Regina Pats (Patricias) 1930 Memorial Cup (Canadian Amateur Hockey Association championship)—Moore scores winning goal as member of Regina Pats 1930 Native Sons of Canada Rugby Team—national semifinalists 1931 Allan Cup champion (Canadian Amateur Hockey Association championship) as member of Winnipegs 1932 Lake Placid Olympic Games—Gold medal in men’s hockey (played right wing) Ken Moore is perhaps the greatest all round athlete ever associated with the Moore is believed to be the first Aboriginal U of R. (He attended Regina College, the precursor to the University of Regina.) person in Canada to win an Olympic gold medal Top photo: The 1932 gold medal winning Canadian men’s hockey team. Moore is in 1933 Winnipeg Blue Bombers senior rugby team the front row, second from the left. Below: Moore—the multi-sport athlete. 1936 Allan Cup Champion (Canadian Amateur Hockey Association championship) as member of the Kimberley Dynamiters

Degrees spring 2009 21 Point cal o F

Far left: Father Demetrius Wasylyniuk gives a ride to guests at the farm of St. Peter’s Abbey in Muenster, Sask. At left: Father Lawrence DeMong cleans the dining hall at St. Peter’s Abbey. Below: Boys at Baildon Hutterite Colony. Opposite page top: Father Demetrius Wasylyniuk extracting honey from the bee hives at St. Peter's Abbey. Below left: Children at the Baildon Hutterite Colony. Below right: Brother Anthony Nguyen in the woods of St. Peter’s Abbey in Muenster, Sask.

Filmmaker Robin Schlaht BFA’92 grew up in the “Oneness is a photo essay in progress exploring small town of Irvine, Alberta—population 300. several intentional communities in Canada, and I’m Eventually, his wanderlust pulled him from the hoping to expand it internationally. Intentional grasp of his prairie home and he began traipsing communities are those formed around a shared the world making films. His documentary Sons belief, and which entail a degree of removal from and Daughters is an exploration of childhood in society at large to provide a collective environment seven different countries. In 1995, he travelled to for the practice of this particular philosophy, Russia and shot the feature-length documentary lifestyle or religious belief. Moscow Summer. He went on to make The Heart Becomes Quiet, a story about survivors of the Oneness presents a documentary exploration of Union Carbide gas disaster in Bhopal, India. In these communities through the use of candid still 2001, Schlaht’s first dramatic feature Solitude photography and environmental portraits. The premiered to rave reviews throughout Canada and focus will be on everyday moments within the life around the world. The film attracted Lothaire of the community, with the group’s adhesive Bluteau (Jesus of Montreal, Black Robe) and intention and the general practice of communalism Vanessa Martinez. forming a unifying undercurrent.”

In 2007 Schlaht completed his feature-length Robin Schlaht documentary To Be Romeo & Juliet, which accompanies actors preparing to portray Shakespeare’s star-crossed lovers in three very different stage productions in three different countries. In 2008, his documentary series AFew Good Men & Women (shot chiefly on the U of R campus) followed police recruits through their demanding training at Saskatchewan Police College. It premiered on Canadian television to rave reviews and strong viewer response.

Early in his career, Schlaht spent time as a photojournalist. His work appeared in such publications as The Globe and Mail, Maclean’s and Chatelaine. He twice received Canadian Press awards.

Robin lives and works in Regina with his spouse, editor and filmmaker Heather Malek, where he is active with the Regina Peace Action Coalition and is a member (and sometimes board member) of the Saskatchewan Filmpool Cooperative.

22 Degrees spring 2009 Point cal o F

Degrees spring 2009 23 Point cal o F

Above: Brother Kurt Van Kuren teaching a class at St. Peter’s College at St. Peter’s Abbey in Muenster, Sask. Top left: Oriole Dancer makes tea on her wood-burning stove at the Birch Lake Commune in northern Saskatchewan. Centre left: Malin Hansen considers a potential property for the Regina EcoHousing Collective. At left: Winner of the “Make a Mummy” contest at the WindSong Cohousing Community in Langley, B.C.

24 Degrees spring 2009 Point cal o F

Top: Oriole Dancer meets her daughter (and neighbour) Nisa at the door at the Birch Lake Commune in northern Saskatchewan. Below: Oneness exhibit in Sydney, Australia during the Possible Worlds Film Festival.

Degrees spring 2009 25 By Deborah Sproat Photos by University of Regina Photography Department. Food for th

Most of us have the good fortune to do it three times a day—eat. But adequately feeding the earth’s nearly seven billion inhabitants, especially in times of crisis, is no easy matter. University faculty members weigh in on the approaches that will best meet the needs of global consumers in the decades to come.

26 Degrees spring 2009 hought

around the world. She works closely with La Vía Campesina, an international farm movement formed in 1993 with the goal of pursuing peasant-based alternatives to globalization of agriculture. “I don’t think many people realized just how fragile the food system is.” Sylvain Charlebois, associate dean of the Kenneth Levene Graduate School of Business and an associate professor of marketing in the Faculty of Business Administration, empathizes with people in developing countries faced with the disaster of soaring food prices and suggests it means the world should rethink its food distribution system. For consumers in North America, though, he says the price increases are manageable and were probably a good thing, maybe even a necessity. “What happened last year was a necessity because I think Sylvain Charlebois commodity prices were depressed for so many years and farmers weren’t making much money in our country,” Charlebois says. The promise of higher commodity prices ews headlines in the spring of 2008 forced people has made fertilizer companies, as an example, willing to to pay attention to something often taken for increase production capacity, a development he says will granted in North America: food. ultimately make it easier to provide affordable food for the In spots as far separated as Haiti, Egypt, entire world. Bangladesh and Mozambique, people panicked Analysts from many countries and viewpoints seem to Nby food shortages and soaring food prices rioted in the agree on the immediate causes of the increases in food prices streets. In Haiti, where some of the most intense unrest took that began in 2006 and led to last year’s crises: increasing place, five people died, scores of others were injured, shops fuel costs, increased demand for food from countries with were looted and cars set on fire. rapidly growing economies, poor harvests as a result of Long queues formed and store shelves emptied in many climate change, changes in diet that increased demand for nations as consumers, fearing shortages would grow worse animal feed, use of food crops for biofuels and speculation in and prices would continue to rise, hoarded basic supplies the financial markets. like rice, the staple of more than three billion people Desmarais feels there are also other, longer-term causes, worldwide. Countries including China and India legislated such as what she calls “the globalization of an industrial tariffs and export bans in an effort to protect staples for the model of agriculture and food.” By this she means a system needs of their own citizens. The headlines shocked the world into paying attention to that distances production from consumption, allowing what its poorest citizens knew only too well: despite corporations to become involved and extract profit at increases in production, nearly a billion of the world’s various points in the food chain. people don’t get the nourishment they need. Among the “That process has left us with a food system where food poor in developing countries, 75 per cent live in rural areas disappears from the field and then is deconstructed and and depend on agriculture. reconstructed by means of industrial processes that are “It was a wake-up call,” says Annette Desmarais, an invisible to those who eat it,” she says. “Your food appears on associate professor of justice studies at the University of grocery shelves all neatly packaged and has a label that says Regina who has studied and written about farmers’ groups ‘may contain.’”

Degrees spring 2009 27 JoAnn Jaffe Yolanda Hansen

The other long-term cause she identifies is the imposition says. “The world is getting richer. Why? Because of free trade, of structural adjustment programs on the agriculture of because of globalization, because of sharing wealth, because developing nations. She says international trade rules treat countries are trading amongst each other. food like any other commodity, and countries are expected to “Globalization is part of the solution, not part of the restructure their economies to be more outward-looking and problem. Right now we are going through a global economic to dismantle mechanisms like marketing boards and price downturn that is hurting a lot of people, starting with controls. developing countries. But the only way to get out of this is to “This meant that the main policies of the government focus more on globalization. We need to make sure countries concentrate on increasing production and increasing continue to trade amongst each other as much as possible. We production specifically for export,” she says. “So this means saw in the ’30s what happens if we focus on protectionism. It that countries have moved away from production for domestic just delayed the recovery.” consumption. Charlebois says that developing countries do need to feed “Fields that relied on for food for the national population their own first and that Canada has a responsibility to help have been replaced by acres and acres of broccoli and snow build agricultural capacity by sharing technology, including peas and mangos and flowers destined for northern markets. research on genetically engineered crops. Those countries may As a result, countries that used to be self-sufficient in certain also need to implement structures such as supply basic grains were quickly becoming net importers.” management when their agricultural industries are beginning Desmarais points to the International Assessment of to develop but, once they are mature, their markets can be Agricultural Knowledge, Science and Technology, a study opened to free trade. And countries like Canada, he says, sponsored by six organizations of the United Nations and the should definitely not have crutches such as supply World Bank completed in 2008, as an important document she management and subsidies. believes will compel governments to make changes in their For Desmarais, hope lies in food sovereignty, which she approach to agriculture. defines as “the right of people to determine their own JoAnn Jaffe, a U of R sociology and social studies associate agriculture and food policy to ensure the well-being of their professor who was among 400 scientists and academics from population.” La Vía Campesina introduced the concept in 1996 around the world who worked on this report, says its main and it has won acceptance in many parts of the world; it is part message was that “business as usual is not an option.” of the national constitution of Nepal and is being considered The report says maintaining existing international by countries such as Bolivia and Venezuela. agricultural policies will lead to further environmental “It focusses on producing food for people, as opposed to degradation and increased problems feeding a growing food for machines,” she says. “It closes the gap between population. It recommended major changes that would see producers and consumers and, because it involves producing more attention paid to protection of natural resources and for local consumption, it helps to cool the planet. And it puts food security. those who produce and consume food at the centre of the “Some of the scientists who were part of civil society decision-making and food policies.” organizations talked about how important it was to have an In a food sovereignty model, decisions would be made international assessment they could use as they went to their locally, responsibility for setting food policies would rest with own governments to talk about the way agricultural research individual governments and resources such as land, water and should be done, the way agriculture should be regulated, what seeds would be distributed equally. policies should be developed,” Jaffe says. Desmarais says that in North America, young people in What Desmarais and Jaffe see as part of the problem— particular are showing tremendous support for the idea of globalization and free trade—is the solution in the mind of food sovereignty, and as evidence points to invitations she has Sylvain Charlebois. received to speak at conferences organized by students. “Africa is the only continent now where we have seen an She says individuals are also doing what they can by increase in the number of people suffering from hunger,” he participating in community gardens, shopping at farmers’

28 Degrees spring 2009 “It’s a project about transitions,” Arbuthnott says. “What led you to change from just going to the grocery store? What led the farmer to want to farm that way?” As well, Hepting is working on ways of communicating choices to consumers through computers. One of his projects is a Google map that plots sources of local food; he also sees computers as one possible avenue for transferring some of the culinary skills people might need to learn. Helping people sort through reams of information is something he sees as an important role for computer scientists.

These are small steps toward change, local pieces of an international puzzle that still requires a great deal of work. Along with colleagues around the world, researchers at the U of R are trying to find answers to the problems confronting Annette Desmarais the world food system; one point of agreement is that change is needed. Judi Wakhungu, a co-chair of the committee that markets and buying local food. One thing they achieve that is produced the International Assessment of Agriculture, put it also an important goal of food sovereignty is a sense of this way: “We must co-operate now because no single community. institution, no single nation, no single region can tackle this Yolanda Hansen BHJ’06, MA’08 found a strong sense of issue alone. The time is now.” D community in the Regina, Moose Jaw and Saskatoon community gardens she studied as part of her research for her Deborah Sproat is a Regina freelance writer and editor. master’s thesis in justice studies, even though the population of the garden was diverse. One finding that surprised her was that some people said being part of the community garden made them feel safer in their neighbourhood. Studying the role the gardens played in terms of food sovereignty was one of the goals of her study, and she came away believing that “there is a little seed in these gardens that could be food sovereignty if it is nurtured.” Computer scientist Daryl Hepting BSc(Hons)’88, MSc’91, psychologist Katherine Arbuthnott and Jaffe work together as an interdisciplinary group on local food. In the first of a number of projects they hope to do, they are studying creation of community within a group of individuals who buy food from a local farmer’s Community Supported Agriculture project. The farmer delivers organic meat and produce to the city once a month in winter and twice a month in summer, and provides regular information on what’s happening on their farm. The researchers are interested in the motivations of both the farmer and the consumers.

Degrees spring 2009 29 Listeria hysteria? By Deborah Sproat

Food systems in the 21st century involve complex interactions between producers, processors, transporters, wholesalers and retailers. By the time our food ends up in our refrigerators and cupboards it has quite possibly travelled halfway around the world and been handled by dozens of middlemen. So just how safe is the food we put on our tables to feed our families?

As the distance between producer This raises new concerns for food and consumer has increased, the safety because we must rely on problem of food safety has grown. foreign governments to monitor Visit a typical school lunchroom, and adherence to food safety guidelines you might find one student with a and each additional step added to sandwich, fresh strawberries, the food handling process increases brownies. His buddy might have an the risk of contamination. individual-sized pizza in its A study completed by University cellophane wrapping, a handful of of Regina microbiologist Chris Yost store-bought cookies, grapes. and associate professor of marketing Nutrition aside, what’s in these Sylvain Charlebois in 2008 showed lunches? The sandwich was prepared Canada to have one of the best food Chris Yost using packaged luncheon meat, safety systems in the industrialized processed cheese, lettuce from world. There is no reason to think Mexico, mayonnaise from a jar. The that has changed. strawberries are from California, the But there are frequent and grapes from Chile. The pizza, the sobering reminders of the need for brownies and the cookies are all vigilance. In 2006, E. coli outbreaks factory products. resulting from contaminated spinach The mystery lies in who handled resulted in the deaths of three people and what happened to the food in the U.S. and the illness of many before it reached the student’s home. more. In 2008, 22 people died after This distance between producer and eating meat contaminated with consumer has increased exponentially listeria that was eventually traced to as imports of produce and other contamination of a meat slicing goods have increased and as machine at a Maple Leaf Foods consumers have gravitated toward processing plant in Toronto. Also in more packaged, ready-to-eat food. 2008, salmonella found on jalapeno

30 Degrees spring 2009 “If you look at the production of food, it is one long continuum,” Yost says. “Everybody who touches that food has a vested interest in keeping that food safe. That’s all the way from the producers to the consumers.”

peppers imported from Mexico view,” he says. “We try to find ways that food safe. That’s all the way caused illness in many areas of North to identify sources of fecal from the producers to the America. contamination in water because that’s consumers.” Yost, appointed a Canada where the pathogens reside. They Yost says Canada lacks data on Research Chair in Microbes, the reside in the feces of these animals. the instances of food-borne disease, Environment and Food Safety in If that fecal matter gets into the making it difficult to gauge just how 2007, says a key to ensuring food water, there’s a chance it’s going to safe our food system is. In the U.S, safety is identifying the reservoirs of get irrigated onto the crops.” the Centre for Disease Control has a pathogens, then taking action to The University’s new Research and surveillance network called FoodNet eliminate the pathogens. A reservoir Innovation Centre will provide space that tracks instances of food-borne is the spot where the pathogen for a new Laboratory for Irrigation disease. resides and could, for example, be Water Protection, which will be Charlebois has another concern. the intestines of an animal, a source equipped using funds made available He feels the Canadian Food of water or a piece of equipment. when Yost was named Canada Inspection Agency (CFIA), though “We need to understand the Research Chair. This will allow work composed of highly competent reservoirs better,” Yost says. “Once with other agencies that have an people, cannot do its job because it we know where the pathogens are, interest in protecting irrigation water. has two masters—the industry and we can start coming up with Yost says producers and the industry the public. He suggests a change that measures to prevent them from have a big role to play in applying would see CFIA deal only with the contaminating food. the research that is done, while the industry and a new independent “For instance, in the listeria government has a role in agency, responsible to Parliament, case, the reservoir was the slicing disseminating information to created to educate consumers. equipment, the actual mechanical producers and enforcing regulations. He says companies are being asked instrumentation. Once you He says consumers also have a part to spend more on food traceability understand that, then you to play. systems, labelling, packaging and understand that if you want to In dealing with food-borne other food safety measures. There’s prevent listeria from contaminating, illnesses, he says, there are “hurdles” also new technology that would you have to be able to disinfect the or barriers that can be introduced to provide consumers with information equipment.” make it more difficult for pathogens on food safety in real time, he says, In his own research, Yost to cause illness. A hurdle might be but retailers don’t believe the public focusses on tracking and reducing processors disinfecting the processing is willing to pay more. sources of fecal contamination in equipment, consumers cooking or “I think Canadians are irrigation water. He notes that the refrigerating the food, or universities increasingly concerned about food salmonella outbreak that occurred in or governments educating consumers safety,” he says. “Are we at the point the U.S. in 2008 was traced back to about how food should be cooked or where consumers are willing to invest peppers grown in Mexico; the same stored. in food safety—pay more for their strain of salmonella was found in the “If you look at the production of food in order to have safe food? I irrigation water used on the peppers. food, it is one long continuum,” he don’t think we are there yet.” D “So protecting irrigation water is says. “Everybody who touches that important from a food-safety point of food has a vested interest in keeping

Degrees spring 2009 31 by B.D. Miller BA(Hons)’89, BJ’95

Photos by Don Hall, University of Regina Photography Department and courtesy of Dakota McFadzean. THESE AREN’T YOUR FATHER’S COMICS

University of Regina faculty members Sylvain Rheault (French) and Gail Chin (Visual Arts).

32 Degrees spring 2009 T

ore than 200 comic tales in the graphic novel Fables by Bill person. He grew up in Montréal, artists and aficionados Willingham to the “hermeneutical where he became a self-described of all ages gathered problems of ‘double access’” in manga “comics nerd,” immersing himself in with academics at the Shakespeare. Other presenters came comics from the French, Québécois, College Avenue from the universities of Japanese and American traditions. campusM in early May as part of the Campbellsville (Kentucky), New Years later, while searching for a Queen City Comics conference and Brunswick, Laurentian, York and way to stimulate interest in a new festival—a day-long event conceived Manitoba, as well as from Red Deer academic course to be taught through by University of Regina French College and Collège de Maisonneuve. the French Department at the U of R, professor Sylvain Rheault and visual The conference also featured the he tapped into his lifelong interest in arts professor Gail Chin. work of Métis artist Carrie Saganace, comic art. He developed a 200-level The joint academic and who illustrated the graphic novel university course called “Francophone community celebration of comic art— anthology Stories of Our People,which and World Comics”—offered for the the first of its kind in Regina— was published last fall by the Gabriel first time in fall 2008—that begins by included more than a dozen Dumont Institute. The ground- introducing students to the history presentations in English and French breaking book was the first graphic and artistic techniques of the comic by speakers from across Canada, as novel to consist of Métis stories, medium. As the course progresses, well as appearances by internationally featuring everything from tricksters to students analyze comics as both a renowned comic artists Vink from cannibal spirits to flying skeletons to literary genre and cultural vehicle. Belgium and François Ayroles from werewolves, and was intended to help Francophone comics are the focus of France. The festival also featured preserve and promote the storytelling the course, but comics in the North several talks by local artists, a plethora tradition of the Métis people. American and Japanese traditions are of comic workshops, a comic art “It’s the first time they’ve done this also studied. exhibition and contests in both comic kind of publication,” Rheault explains. “The course is taught in English, and costume creation. “It’s something new that they wanted but I mark papers in French, English U of R faculty and graduate to explore. They wanted to establish a and Japanese,” Rheault says. “If students such as English professor new link between the elders and the students want the course to count Troni Grande, marketing professor younger generation, and they’re trying toward the French program, they must Lisa Watson, and MA candidates to see how comics can fit into the do all of their work in French. Because Andrew Wenaus and Janet Moleski picture and help reach that younger I do a module about manga—Japanese gave several of the conference audience.” comics—students in the Japanese presentations, with topics ranging Rheault knows all about the impact (international languages) program are from the “dark resurrection” of fairy that comics can have on a young encouraged to take my course, and are

Degrees spring 2009 33 Filmmaker, bass player and comics artist Brent Braaten BFA’04 and two strips of his “Crowhands,” a shapeshifting character with chronic relationship issues.

required by their instructor to do their She says the focus of Rheault’s new “Before the conference I would creation assignment in Japanese. Students course about comics complemented mostly discuss comics with colleagues who take the course as an elective can do rather than duplicated what she was who had an interest in French their essays in English.” already teaching. “Sylvain teaches his literature,” Rheault says. “But since While Rheault was developing his course with more of an emphasis on we’ve been preparing for this course, he was surprised to learn he wasn’t narrative, whereas for me it’s largely the conference, I’ve spent lots of time with the first professor at the U of R to come up visuals. I’m always interested in beautiful Gail, and with Kevin Bond, who teaches images and how stories are told with the idea of teaching comics as an Religious Studies but is also into comics graphically.” academic discipline. Gail Chin of the and Japanese animation. And many Chin says academic courses with a Faculty of Fine Arts had already been others with an interest in comics have teaching a course on Japanese art history focus on comics are a great way to connect with today’s generation of come forward as well.” for several years that included a significant Rheault says the hybrid nature of emphasis on comic art. university students and young people. comics and graphic novels made Chin had long understood the “At the moment, you can’t study collaboration among academics in the importance of comics to the national contemporary culture without touching faculties of Arts and Fine Arts a pleasant culture of Japan. When she first visited upon comics or the graphic novel,” she explains. “And it’s very much a part of necessity. “Where would you fit comics that country in the early 1970s, she was North American youth culture now. struck by all of the Japanese salarymen [in terms of faculty or department]? Young people may have trouble who were riding the subway immersed in Because they have a narrative, but connecting to Shakespeare or Donne or comic books. “Black suits, black ties, white they’re also about visual art. So the best Wordsworth, but they’ll connect to their shirts—and they’re all sitting there with thingtodoforaconferencelikeoursis childhood memories of Batman or their comics,” she recalls. “And I’d look have a partnership between the two Superman.” faculties. And it’s really brought a great down the train and everybody had a big fat Given their mutual interest in comics, result.” comic book in front of them.” it was perhaps inevitable that Rheault For Rheault, another highlight of the When Chin began teaching courses on and Chin would be drawn together Japanese art history and Japanese narrative academically, despite teaching in conference and festival was the art at the U of R, she knew that comics different faculties. As co-chairs of the exhibition of comic art by local and needed to be an essential component of Queen City Comics conference and international artists. All of the works both courses. “To teach a course in the festival, one of their goals was to bring were displayed side-by-side, with the art modern art of Japan, you must include even more people together—artists, of the two European masters next to the Japanese comics—manga and anime and academics, students, children and other work of children from Regina, next to the pop culture of Japan. They’re an members of the general public—to share the work of other, more experienced integral part of Japan’s art history.” a common experience through comics. local artists.

34 Degrees spring 2009 Dakota McFadzean BFA’05 was born in Regina and raised on steady diet of comics. From 2003-2009, his comic strip “A Comic” appeared every Thursday in the Regina Leader-Post. The strip is from the short, “Carnal Knowledge,” which he created for an issue of Regina's independent Valuable Comics.

Following the conference and inspired in that kind of environment. as both a volunteer artist and a member festival, Chin said she was “surprised by Sometimes when you’re drawing things of the organization committee was the amount of local talent and how it in your basement, you don’t realize you extremely gratifying. “Walking through thrives in our local culture and belong to a larger community.” the halls and seeing the amount of economy.” She added the event allowed When the conference and festival people there made me really happy. It’s her to “relive my childhood to an extent ended, Braaten said he “felt like rushing good to know there’s that many people with my comic book heroes. Now I home to write more stories.” In the in the city who care enough about know how to appreciate them.” coming year, he hopes to take his comics comics to come out and see what’s One of the many local artists who and narratives to the next level. happening locally and beyond.” participated at the event was U of R Dakota McFadzean BFA’05 also had McFadzean hopes the conference alumnus Brent Braaten BFA’04. Braaten his work featured at the Queen City and festival won’t turn out to be a one- has published his work in several issues Comics exhibition, gave an artist talk time event. “It was a lot of work and of a local small press comic book called and facilitated several of the festival we learned a lot in the process of doing Valuable Comics, including panels workshops. McFadzean is known locally it. I would love to see it become an featuring two of his favourite for his weekly comic strip (modestly annual gathering and see Regina creations—a ghoul-eyed character called dubbed “A Comic”) which appeared in become a wonderful centre for comics Mr. Dethridge and a shapeshifting the Regina Leader-Post for six years in Canada.” D character with chronic relationship (2003–2009). He’s also been short-listed issues known as Crowhands. Braaten for two years running (2008 and 2009) B.D. Miller (BJ’95, BAHons’89) is a Regina- facilitated one of the comic jam in the “Best English Comic” category by based playwright, fiction and non-fiction workshops at the festival and also the Montréal-based Expozine writer whose work has appeared in contributed several three-panel comics Alternative Press Awards for his self- numerous magazines and anthologies and for display at the exhibition. published comic books Paper Wall and on CBC radio. Braaten says spending the day with Hypocrite. McFadzean was also recently other artists and apprentices with an commissioned to write and draw a interest in comics gave him a chapter for the upcoming publication tremendous sense of community and Four Tall Tales: A Graphic History of the helped rekindle his interest in the art Regina Public Library. form. “The conference drew together As a Regina resident and someone local comic artists, celebrated with a lifelong passion for drawing and international artists and young comic reading and learning about comics, creators who are still learning their McFadzean says helping the Queen City craft,” he says. “It’s hard not to be conference and festival come to fruition

Degrees spring 2009 35 By Julie Folk BAJ’07 Photo by Roy Antal courtesy of Regina Leader-Post.

Clermont returns home After seven years with the B.C. Lions, former University of Regina Rams star receiver Jason Clermont is back in the Queen City playing for the team he grew up idolizing.

Saskatchewan is welcoming Jason “He was a go-to guy,” says McCrystal. Clermont BAdmin’06 with open arms “He always had that little extra thing this spring. that allowed him to make plays and When the Saskatchewan make the difference ...Peoplerallied Roughriders training camp begins, around him. It was a combination of Clermont will be there in uniform, physical attributes, the ability to make playing for a home team again for the good plays and the development of first time since 2001, when he played leadership skills, which has served him with the University of Regina Rams. His well in his career.” CFL career with the B.C. Lions over the McCrystal says watching any player past seven seasons has been incredibly become successful after university— successful, but he’s happy to return to whether it is a football career or outside Saskatchewan, where he and his family of football—is something he always have lived in the off-season. hopes to see. Since signing a contract with the “This is a bit of a different situation Jason Clermont Roughriders on Dec. 12, Clermont has for me,” says Clermont. “In 1999, I got a looked forward to spending the football chance to go to camp with the Riders as a variety of experiences—as a part-time season with his family. ajuniorplayer,andIplayedacoupleof student while playing junior football, a Clermont has thought of playing preseason games and was on the full-time student with distractions closer to home before, but this season practice roster until (the Rams) became while going to school with his peers was the right time. When his contract a CIS team. As a young kid growing up a and then the separate experience of wasn’t renewed for 2009, he asked for a Rider fan, I was awestruck to experience going back to finish. release to try to play closer to home and that. After seven years in the CFL, I “I didn’t care anymore if I was began talking to a few of the western understand the game and what’s wearing designer jeans; I wasn’t teams. required to be a professional football worrying about the social life,” says “I was hoping to play in Clermont. “The degree and schoolwork Saskatchewan,” says Clermont. player. I’m looking forward to was the only focus of university this “Fortunately the Riders came to the contributing right away.” time.” table with a package we were both When Clermont was drafted by the comfortable with, and I’m very happy to Lions, he was seven classes short of his Clermont’s main focus has always stay home and play football for the degree. Three years later, he decided to been his family. They recently Riders.” return to the U of R in the offseason to welcomed a new addition—Jaxon—in Regina has been home for Clermont finish those classes and receive his January. throughout his life; it’s where he started bachelor of administration degree. This season will combine family playing football in the Regina Minor “We always try to tell Tanessa [his with football in Regina—and Clermont Football League, developed with the daughter] that she should finish what is excited about both opportunities. Usher Unicorns in high school and she starts; I’m a firm believer in that,” “In the CFL, you need solid Canadian played junior football with the Regina says Clermont. “I had started my degree, players to be competitive. That really Rams until they became a University of put enough time and money into it, and strengthens the team. There are also a Regina team in the Canadian was so close. I would have regretted lot of returning players who stepped in Interuniversity Sport (CIS). looking back and not getting my and did good things. I’m really looking Frank McCrystal, head coach of the degree.” forward to playing with this team.” D Rams, coached Clermont from 1996 to Clermont convocated in the spring 2002. of 2006. He looks back on university as Julie Folk is a Regina freelance writer.

36 Degrees spring 2009 Saskatchewan Roughriders Pre-Publication Offering First 100 Years

This tribute to the Club’s 100th Anniversary is This incredible “legacy book” also names fi ve a must-have for Rider Fans! Our accomplished different All-Star Teams representing the fi ve team of authors: Bob Calder, Gordon Staseson, different and distinct eras. In addition, 54 long Julie Folk, Bob Hughes, Rob Vanstone, Darrell time followers of the team have cast their votes to Davis and Dan Marce chronicle the history of name the top 100 Riders of these first 100 years. the club over five defined eras. The list includes players, coaches, builders and From the earliest days of Al Ritchie, Eddie volunteers who have kept this storied franchise in Dynamite James and Johnny Red Bell, to Ron Atchison, Frank Tripucka, Bobby Marlow, Bill existence despite some very challenging times. Clarke, Ron Lancaster, George Reed, Roger This hard cover collector book (approx. 340 Aldag, Kent Austin, Ray Elgaard, Jeremy pages) contains hundreds of pictures, stories O’Day, Gene Makowsky, Andy Fantuz, Wes and anecdotes that will provide Rider Fans with a Cates, Weston Dressler and many others. century of Rider history.

In support of

Saskatchewan Roughriders Deadline for orders is ADDED BONUS: Rider Fans 2books September 4, 2009. who take advantage of this pre- for the Books available by publication offering will also 1! First 100 Years mid-September 2009. receive FREE, Rob Vanstone’s price of tribute book to the 1966 Grey Cup Rider Team. Vanstone Pre-Publication Order Form conducted many interviews Please send me ____ copies @ $54.95 each = $ ______with members of the 1966 team with incredible In addition, I will receive, free of charge, the same number of copies of Rob Vanstone’s tribute book: West Riders Best: 1966: Before, Then & After, valued at $34.95. Shipping & Handling $10.00 for the fi rst copy ($5.00 for every additional copy) $ ______Subtotal $ ______* USA orders payable in US funds * North American orders only, please. GST 5% $ ______

(Please Print Clearly) Total $ ______

Name/Business ______Address______City/Prov./State ______Postal Code/Zip ______Phone ______Fax ______passioni ( (some mighti ht say an obsession) chronicling Email ______this championship team from Visa MasterCard Cheque Enclosed its roots in 1951 through its 40th Reunion in 2007, and the Credit Card No. ______Expiry Date (mm/yy) ______passing of Rider legend, Ron Lancaster in 2008. Signature ______Approximately 320 pages… including never before Please submit this form with payment: published photos… a $34.95 value… yours FREE with CENTAX BOOKS Toll Free Fax: 1-800-823-6829 your pre-publication order of 1150 Eighth Ave. In Regina Fax: 359-6443 Saskatchewan Roughriders – Regina, SK Toll Free Phone: 1-800-667-5595 First 100 Years. Canada, S4R 1C9 In Regina Phone: 359-7580 Alumni Association President’s Message It is my honour to welcome The revision of the present I would like to say goodbye to our newest University of Board of Directors bylaws has two wonderful members of our Regina graduates to a great been initiated to ensure team, Alumni Relations alumni Family. Spring accountability and consistency manager Christy Ross and convocation was held the first with our current governance Board member Rebecca week of June. structure. This process will Gibbons. Their talents, skills continue into next year and be and expertise will be greatly The Alumni Board of Directors completed in 2010. missed. Both members served has had a busy year of with a heart of passion giving projects and planning. It has been a very rewarding long hours to the Association. year as I have been blessed to Thank you for your time and We have been engaged in work with an excellent team for your contribution to the many University student and who supports the needs of Alumni Association. faculty events. alumni and are proud of the University of Regina. In closing, I invite all alumni Our distinguished alumni were to come and be involved in recognized at the Alumni I was a member of the the growing excitement around Crowning Achievement Awards University of Regina Strategic the University of Regina. Come in November 2008. Planning Facilitation Team. It back to campus, check out an was an enriching experience to alumni event. Check us out We connected with wonderful hear the needs, views, on-line for upcoming events. alumni at outreach events in concerns and passions for the Stay in the loop! Regina, Calgary and Toronto. University of Regina from a variety of community Have a wonderful summer. Useful data was collected members, alumni, faculty, staff pertaining to alumni and students. I have learned a Charlene Banjac scholarships. Information will great deal about our University be used to ensure our and its supporters. The scholarships meet student knowledge gained has needs and remain viable in provided many insights about these difficult economic times. our future direction as a In addition, a new Science University and as an Alumni scholarship is being Association, but most established in honour of importantly, it has solidified former U of R President Dr. Jim our level of pride for the Tomkins. University and for our city.

A sponsorship document, which will be used as a baseline assessment for granting or denying sponsorship requests, was created

38 Degrees spring 2009 We depend on our readers to Brian Charles Goranson BA’74 Jeffrey Ulmer BSc(Hons)’78 has Sandy Baumgartner BAdmin’88 send us items for Class Notes. completed a solo round trip in been appointed global head of is the new executive director Please e-mail your information a private aircraft from his External Research at Novartis of the Saskatchewan Science to [email protected], or home in Weyburn, Sask. to Vaccines and Diagnostics. Centre after working for send it the old fashioned way Ljungby, Sweden (the birth Ulmer received his PhD in 18 years at the Canadian to our mailing address (see place of his grandfather), in biochemistry from McGill Wildlife Federation in Ottawa. page 3). Digital photos must Aug. 2008. His stopovers were University and completed a be of sufficient quality to in Churchill, Baffin Island, post-doctoral fellowship at Mary P. Brooke CPR’85 is the appear in the magazine. Greenland, Iceland and Yale University School of publisher and editor of a Please note that Degrees is Scotland. Medicine with Nobel laureate quarterly news publication also posted on our website. George Palade. He recently called MapleLine Magazine in relocated with his wife (Carol Sooke, B.C. Her company, Anne Hale) and sons Christian Brookeline Publishing House (18) and Cameron (15) from Inc., also publishes and 1960–1969 California, where he was site markets non-fiction books by head for Vaccines Research at Canadian authors. Gerry Carline BEd’68, BA’73 Novartis, to his new role in has published Duncan’s War Cambridge, Mass. James (Jim) Daigneau the story of a young WWI BAdmin’87 moved from Calgary Saskatchewan soldier from to Toronto in 2008 after more Tugaske, northwest of Moose than five years at Mount Royal Jaw. The book is based on 1980–1989 College as supervisor of the 60 letters, post cards and Career Services Department. Brian Goranson telegrams that Duncan sent Monica Prendergast BFA’83 is He is now the client account home to his parents. The book the recipient of this year’s manager for a career is dedicated to Carline’s friend, James T. Smith PhD’70 has University of Regina Theatre development firm. Daigneau former University of Regina retired after 40 years of Department Distinguished professes to remain loyal to President John Archer. teaching mathematics at San Alumni Award. Prendergast is the Riders and does not Francisco State University an interdisciplinary scholar in anticipate becoming a Leafs or (SFSU). He has taken up the humanities/fine arts Argos fan. history and with a co-author (drama/theatre) and the social 1970–1979 recently published a biography sciences (education). She has Michael Nagel BEd’85 of an obscure Italian published books, edited completed his master’s degree Colin Minor BA’73 has mathematician who lived over collections and appeared in and PhD in Australia and is completed his first novel a century ago. He and his wife numerous peer-reviewed currently the head of Hitler’s Spy about a ruthless Helen split their time between journals in both disciplines. education programs at the Nazi agent who embarks on a the city of San Francisco and Her research interests focus on University of the Sunshine bold and treacherous mission rural Siskiyou County. He the spaces and places where Coast near Brisbane. He to assassinate Winston continues to do historical culture and community meet, teaches undergraduate and Churchill and Franklin Delano research and this spring taught on critical and theatrical postgraduate studies in the Roosevelt in Casablanca. Minor a mathematics history course literacies and pedagogies, and areas of cognition and learning is working on his next novel at SFSU as a volunteer. on innovative arts-based and neurological development about Ernest Hemingway in qualitative research in children. Aside from his Key West, Florida just after the John (Jack) M. Stewart BSc’71 methodologies. Her graduate university responsibilities, he Pearl Harbour attack in 1941. MSc’75 founded and undergraduate teaching is has spoken to parents, BioProspecting NB, Inc., a drug student-centred, active, teachers and students at over development company, in experiential and balanced 200 schools nationally and 2005. He serves as Chair of between theoretical constructs internationally. Two of his the Board and chief scientific and their practical recent books have received officer (being on special leave applications. Prendergast is awards in Australia and he is from Mount Allison University). also an accomplished actor, also a regular contributor to a The focus of the company is director and theatre reviewer. number of Australian parenting the development of some She is the daughter of former magazines. Nagel and his wife unique anti-cancer and anti- head of the theatre Emily live in Brisbane with pain compounds Stewart department, Gabe Prendergast. their two children, Madeline discovered during his research and Harrison. at Mount Allison. The new research and head office facility opened in Sackville, NB, one year ago.

Degrees spring 2009 39 Steven Robinson BA(Hons)’86 in Jena, Germany. Pittendrigh Neal G. McLeod PhD’05 is a has been a professor of works on a diverse group of 2000–Present painter, filmmaker, philosophy at Brandon research projects, including performance artist, satirist, University since 1996. He is being the director of the body Charles Anderson BA’03 of comedian and associate currently serving as acting louse genome project, as well Southey, Sask. has been professor in the Indigenous dean of Arts and will be on as being a co-PI on an $11.4 named one of the winners of Studies Department at Trent sabbatical in 2009–10. He won million Bill and Melinda Gates the 2008 Commonwealth Short University in Peterborough, the Brandon University Alumni Foundation Grant to perform Story Competition. The Ont. His current art exhibition Association Award for Teaching development work in West competition has been held Sons of a Lost River explores Excellence in 2008. Robinson Africa. He is married to Julia each year since 1996 and is the upheaval of the post-1885 is married (to Kelly) and has Bello-Bravo and they have two administered by the period that the Cree and Métis four children (Sid 16, Stephen children, Quintin (11) and Commonwealth Broadcasting people experienced. Many of 15, Hector 13, Ivan 11). Natalia (5). Association on behalf of the these paintings were also Commonwealth Foundation. depicted poetically in his Each year the competition recent book Gabriel’s Beach. identifies about 25 McLeod is from the James 1990–1999 outstanding short stories from Smith Cree First Nation in as many countries and records Saskatchewan. Jonathan Denis BAdmin’97 was them for radio broadcast elected as the Member of the around the Commonwealth. Legislative Assembly for Anderson, who won for his Calgary-Egmont on March 3, short story The Expedition,is 2008. the first Saskatchewan writer to be named a winner. Barry Pittendrigh BSc(Hons)’90 currently holds the C.W. Vanessa Chesters (nee Barry Pittendrigh Kearns, C.L. Metcalf and W.P. Stewart) BAdmin’04 and her Flint Endowed Chair in Insect husband Ryan celebrated their Toxicology at University of Don Williams BSc’94 has been 10th wedding anniversary in Illinois at Urbana-Champaign appointed to the position of May. They have two children, (UIUC). He accepted the vice-president of exploration for Drew, (4) and Marcus, (1). position in 2007 after working Reliable Energy Ltd. in Calgary. Chesters is a human resource as an associate professor at Williams is a professional specialist at Cameco in Purdue University, where he geologist with more than 16 Saskatoon. had been on faculty since years of experience in the oil 2000. Pittendrigh received his and gas industry. PhD from University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1999, Yongqiang Wu MSc’94 recently and had been a visiting joined Gannett Fleming, an student at both CSIRO in international planning, design, Canberra, Australia (1996), and and construction management the University of Chicago firm. Based in the firm’s new (1996–1997). Upon finishing Plantation, Florida, office, he his PhD he held a Max Planck serves as a senior Fellowship at the Max Planck transportation engineer and Institute for Chemical Ecology planner.

40 Degrees spring 2009 YOUR GIFT.YOUR LEGACY.

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UNIVERSITY OF REGINA MAKE A LIFETIME OF DIFFERENCE PLANNED GIVING You don’t need to understand all the ins and outs – that’s why we’re here. We’ll GROWING GREATER FUTURES work with you to create your own unique contribution to greater futures.

Talk to us, or contact your financial advisor. Darlene Freitag, 306.585.4446, 1.866.667.7500 www.uregina.ca/campaign/

Degrees spring 2009 41 A Prairie climate journey

After years of observing the ebb and flow of the natural Prairie around him, one Saskatchewan researcher reflects on the impacts of climate change on our Prairie landscapes.

By Norm Henderson BA(Hons)’83

Photos by Don Hall, University of Regina Photography Department.

42 Degrees spring 2009 The European-origin settlers who first if the abbot had not confirmed this ploughed the Canadian Prairies were remarkable—and disturbing—idea. never comfortable with the Prairie Our Prairie land is newborn, by environment. They came directly from geological standards, emerging from northwestern and central Europe, or its icy burial mere thousands of years indirectly via eastern North America— ago. The Qu’Appelle Valley, a all regions of fairly reliable climate. In landscape I go to lose myself in time the Old Countries, rain rarely failed and time again, looks like it has and climate volatility from year to been there forever, but in reality is year was relatively moderate. The the creation of a wall of ice water newcomers did not welcome the flowing across the front line of the strange unreliability of climate on the retreating continental ice sheet, Prairies, a climate that blessed them roughly 14,000 years ago. The with superb crops one year, only to wooded coulees that thread back punish them with drought and crop from the valley are all younger still, failure the next. The settlers worked and are still eroding back into the hard to try to bring stability and Great Plains north and south of the predictability to Prairie land and valley. water, employing everything from The natural climate has changed technical approaches like irrigation in the time since the most recent and new crop varieties, to social continental ice sheet left the Prairies Norm Henderson instruments like co-ops and crop an ice- and water-carved landscape. insurance. Once there was forest across millions of years, organic carbon was Now the Prairie climate, which southern Saskatchewan, and then, laid down and converted, via was from the first daunting to about 8,000 years ago, an diagenesis, into oil, coal and gas Europeans, is shifting around us. As exceedingly dry period that deposits—it seems obvious that to farmers and gardeners know, the supported little but grass. Tree ring kick much of that carbon back into frost-free growing season has and pollen data suggest that the the atmosphere in a geological lengthened. It is now weeks longer Prairie climate of the most recent few instant, in the space of a few than it was a hundred years ago. thousand years appears to have been hundred years, would have to have Changing climate is a difficult relatively stable—until we started our consequences, and it would be concept to grasp, and a disturbing great world carbon experiment. amazing if those consequences were one, since it is more comforting to The field in which I work— not severe. imagine the climate as stable and climate change—is an exceedingly The consequences, both already reliable. But it is not. odd one. For a start, there are still experienced and foreseen, vary World-shifting truths can be some people who don’t believe it across the globe by region. For us on disorienting. I remember a exists. To them my field of study is a the Prairies, the future is a drier, conversation with a monk some years political fiction, a giant conspiracy warmer one. Our great prairie rivers, ago, when the topic of continental driven by the most unlikely of the North and South branches of the drift arose. The idea that the land suspects, thousands of UN scientists. Saskatchewan River, rise from the itself is in motion on a fluid earth But to me the science is depressingly melting snow and ice of the Rockies. was new and shocking to him, and I legitimate and hardly surprising. The ice fields are in rapid retreat, expect he would not have believed it Slowly, over the space of many while the snows are becoming more

Degrees spring 2009 43 variable. Saskatchewan takes what given favourable conditions, it will land, water and sky around us are no Alberta can send her—and Alberta re-emerge as strong as ever. longer enduring and reliable will be sending less. We will have to Hundreds of other species are features—through a combination of live with increasing aridity. dependent on the health of aspen; it ignorance and arrogance we are now I work in the in the field of gives food and shelter to much of impacting every corner of the climate impacts and adaptation, our prairie wild. But research biosphere. Under a changing climate, which concerns itself with learning to correlates the presence of aspen on the world can never be the same live with the climate changes rolling the landscape to a moisture balance again. At worst we face disaster, at over us. It is a bit like working in a line that slants across the best, a simplified, de-natured world makeshift medical unit in a war zone, Saskatchewan landscape. North of with a few remnant seminatural wondering who or what can be the line aspen can prosper, south of corners. We are now the managers of saved, and who or what must be that line, it fails. The line is moving the planet, a job for which we have abandoned. Can the Cypress Hills northward. no qualifications. forest survive as it warms and dries? About 150 years ago, some A dozen or so years ago I thrice Should we abandon the forest there, American intellectuals, proud of the voyaged down the Qu’Appelle Valley or import and experiment with vigour and promise of their country, from Katepwa Lake to Manitoba, first foreign tree species? Irrigation: is it a grew despondent when comparing on foot with a dog and travois, then smart defence against longer and the depth and complexity of Europe by canoe, and finally by horse. Each deeper droughts, or is it too low- to a young America’s tentative time I was motivated by a desire to value a use of water as cities, towns achievements in the fields of know and understand the landscape and industries compete for ever less architecture and high culture. They as I imagined people before me had water? despaired of America’s ability to ever done in the long summer of the land In one sense, adaptation to compete with the architectural, before the plough. Travelling old-style climate change is a grim necessity— cultural and historical tapestry of seemed a logical way to interpret the the wise prepare for the future. Yet, Europe. Pondering, they hit upon a prairie world. I found the valley in another sense, it is a kind of sad remarkable idea. In modern terms, dissected by fence and barbed wire, and sickly sideshow, the consequence we might say they “reframed the the bottomlands sometimes of our failure to keep the ecological question.” It was wilderness, ploughed, the river dammed and peace. The great struggle should be untouched and untamed nature, that controlled. But the hillslope prairie to end a war we cannot win, our cradled the soul of America and and the coulee trees still seemed to casual disregard for the earth’s made the nation great, they declared. be as they had been for long years climate system. But the world has, so Wilderness was what mattered—not before me—they still held hints of far, failed to put the brakes on dusty old cathedrals and musty old the wild. greenhouse gas emissions. Canada libraries! And it is wilderness that Not for much longer. Farewell has been a full participant in this must be protected, they said, for the wilderness—we hardly knew you. D greater failure; we have been a sake of America and the world. Their world-class laggard and foot-dragger. vision drove the creation of Norm Henderson is executive director Rich, and with all kinds of options, Yellowstone, the world’s first national of the Prairie Adaptation Research we have serially set and failed to park, in 1872. Collaborative (PARC), a climate change meet our own targets, and have been Canadians quickly embraced the impacts and adaptation research creative only in our excuses. same idea. Almost as far back as the partnership located at the University of I think mostly about the damage birth of our country we were setting Regina. His book Rediscovering the to our trees and, of all trees, aspen, aside great reserves of land as Great Plains, published by Johns the signature tree of the prairie national parks, to be maintained as Hopkins University Press, recounts his parklands. A light breeze through pristine wilderness for our own and journeys by foot, canoe and horse in aspen leaves makes a distinctive posterity’s benefit. We have and around Saskatchewan’s melancholy music, so diagnostic to continued to designate cherished Qu’Appelle Valley. this species that I think it should be lands and waters as protected part of aspen’s identification code, in wilderness landscapes up to the the same way that song cadence is present day. We don’t know in detail noted as a species identifier for what new ecosystems will emerge as birds. Aspen is a marvel of the climate evolves around us. But regeneration. Fires and drought can the age of wilderness is over-human knock it back below ground but, influence is now everywhere. The

44 Degrees Spring 2009

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