Nobel Lecture by Osamu Shimomura
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Acidic Phospholipids,47, 58 Acidification Steps, 23 Adsorbent, 53
Index acidic phospholipids,47, 58 ATPase, 22, 107 acidification steps, 23 auto-oxidation, 48,49 adsorbent, 53 aequorin, 95 aggregated mitochondria, 23 bacterial cells, 10 alcohols, 49 bacteriorhodopsin (BR), 218,232 alkaline hydrolysis, I bee venom, 121 alkyl esters, 57, 59 binders,53 amide bond, 129 silica gel, 53, 65, 176 amide linkage, 14 silica gel H, 176 amino alcohol, II bioactive phospholipids, 144 amino-group labelling reagents, 121 blanching, 50 aminopeptidase, 17 buoyant density, 16 aminophospholipid, 113, 118 butyl hydroxy toluene (BHT), 49,212 aminophospholipid pump, 119, 140 aminophospholipid translocase, 11 3 amphotericin B (AmB), 107 Cal+ -ATPases, 28, 107 N-(1-deoxyD-fructos-1-yl) AmB, 107 Cal+ -uptake, 27 anchored lipids, 38 campesterol, 104 angular amplitude, 89 calciferol, 78 anilino-8-naphthalene sulfonate (ANS), Candida albicans, 59, 60, 61, 76, 78, 102, 94, 103 104, 108 animal cells, 10 caproic acid, 129, 130 animal tissues, 9 carotenoids, 37 anion transporter, 135 cell debris, 33 anisotropy, 81 , 89, 95, 96, 97, 102, 104, cell disintegrator, 19 105 ceramide, 14, 129, 194 antagonists, 178 ceramide monohexosides ( CMH), 60 antioxidant, 49, 50 cerebroside, 14 apolar lipids, 56, 57, 69 chemical probes,112 arachidonic acid (AA), 144,153, 161 chloroplast, 32, 33 artificial membrane, 83 isolation, 32, 33 ascending chromatography, 54 purification, 33 asymmetric topology, 128 cholesterol, 14, 15,212 asymmetry, 112, 113,119 choline, 7, 9 atebrin, 95 chromatograms, 55 Index 249 chromatographic analyses, 52 ELISA, 146, 148 -
Section 2 Contribution of Science and Technology to Global Issues
Chapter 1 Progress in Science and Technology and Socioeconomic Changes Section 2 Contribution of Science and Technology to Global Issues From the end of the 19th century to the 20th century, science and technology has rapidly advanced. Chemical industry, electrical industry and heavy industry and so on emerged and we have advanced forward to ages of mass production and mass consumption, when goods could be transported in bulk to distant locations for a short period, as physical distribution, including railways, cars and airplanes, developed. This accompanied the mass disposal of goods and mass consumption of energy, highlighting the Chapter 1 risk of depletion of limited resources, global warming, the destruction of ecosystems and the crisis in the global environment. Science and technology that changed our lives were explained in Section 1 of this chapter, but as well as changing our lives in terms of key daily lifestyle elements, science and technology are also crucial to solve global issues such as climate change, natural resource depletion and energy. There are significant expectations as to how science and technology can contribute to solve global issues. This section addresses the social contribution of science and technology in Japan domestically and internationally. 1 Contribution to Global Warming Countermeasures ○ Global warming state Climate changes caused by global warming are Average global surface temperature (land + sea) anomaly one of the most urgent problems which the world faces. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)1, awarded the Nobel Peace Prize Year in 2007, published the Synthesis Report of Fifth Changes in average global sea level Assessment Report in 2014. -
Bioluminescent Properties of Semi-Synthetic Obelin and Aequorin Activated by Coelenterazine Analogues with Modifications of C-2, C-6, and C-8 Substituents
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Article Bioluminescent Properties of Semi-Synthetic Obelin and Aequorin Activated by Coelenterazine Analogues with Modifications of C-2, C-6, and C-8 Substituents 1, 2,3, 1 2, Elena V. Eremeeva y , Tianyu Jiang y , Natalia P. Malikova , Minyong Li * and Eugene S. Vysotski 1,* 1 Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia; [email protected] (E.V.E.); [email protected] (N.P.M.) 2 Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (MOE), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China; [email protected] 3 State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University–Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China * Correspondence: [email protected] (M.L.); [email protected] (E.S.V.); Tel.: +86-531-8838-2076 (M.L.); +7-(391)-249-44-30 (E.S.V.); Fax: +86-531-8838-2076 (M.L.); +7-(391)-290-54-90 (E.S.V.) These authors contributed equally to this work. y Received: 23 June 2020; Accepted: 27 July 2020; Published: 30 July 2020 Abstract: Ca2+-regulated photoproteins responsible for bioluminescence of a variety of marine organisms are single-chain globular proteins within the inner cavity of which the oxygenated coelenterazine, 2-hydroperoxycoelenterazine, is tightly bound. Alongside with native coelenterazine, photoproteins can also use its synthetic analogues as substrates to produce flash-type bioluminescence. However, information on the effect of modifications of various groups of coelenterazine and amino acid environment of the protein active site on the bioluminescent properties of the corresponding semi-synthetic photoproteins is fragmentary and often controversial. -
Passport to an International Career -True Globalism
Passport to an international career̶True globalism ● Maki KAWAI Professor at Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo; RIKEN The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2010 was awarded jointly to United States, it is rare for one to earn one’s Ph.D. in the United Richard F. Heck, Akira Suzuki, and Ei-ichi Negishi for their con- States like Ei-ichi Negishi. Satoru Masamune left Japan to study tributions to the development of organic synthesis that is also at the University of California, Berkley in 1957 as a Fulbright important industrially. Since palladium-catalyzed cross coupling scholar, and later became professor at Massachusetts Institute of is an area in which Japan is strong and for which it had been Technology (MIT) nurturing many organic scientists. Hiroaki widely expected that someday someone would receive the award, Suga of the Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The I honor the three winners and at the same time appreciate having University of Tokyo, and Yukishige Ito of RIKEN, who is pres- the opportunity to learn of the achievements made by many ently working on glycotrilogy at Exploratory Research for researchers engaged in this area of study. It is well known that Advanced Technology (ERATO), have both studied at MIT’s many of the Nobel Prize winners pursue their research work in Masamune Laboratory. Kazuo Nakamoto (Professor Emeritus at the United States, and Japanese winners are no exception. Marquette University in the United States, deceased June 2011) Among the fifteen winners up to 2010, the five winners of Ei-ichi of infrared or Raman spectroscopies left for the United States in Negishi (Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2010), Osamu Shimomura 1958, and is famous for his editions of“ Infrared and Raman Spec- (Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2008), Yoichiro Nambu (Nobel Prize tra of Inorganic and Coordination Compounds,” with which I am in Physics 2008), Susumu Tonegawa (Nobel Prize in Physiology sure many of you are familiar. -
William Mcelroy
NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES WILLIAM DAVID MC ELROY 1917–1999 A Biographical Memoir by J. WOODLAND HASTINGS Any opinions expressed in this memoir are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Academy of Sciences. Biographical Memoirs, VOLUME 85 PUBLISHED 2004 BY THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS WASHINGTON, D.C. Photo by Anthony di Gesu, La Jolla, California WILLIAM DAVID MC ELROY January 22, 1917–February 17, 1999 BY J. WOODLAND HASTINGS ILLIAM DAVID MCELROY, a biologist who made ground- Wbreaking discoveries in bioluminescence and was an administrator of great talent, died of respiratory failure at Scripps Memorial Hospital in San Diego, California, at the age of 82. He was an innovative and internationally promi- nent scientist and administrator, with a continuing agenda for experimental projects and research support for all areas of science, both basic and applied. At the time of his death McElroy was a professor emeritus at the University of California, San Diego, having served as its chancellor from 1972 to 1980. He was on the faculty at the Johns Hopkins University, where from 1946 until 1969 he was the founding director of the McCollum-Pratt Institute, and from 1956 to 1969 the chairman of the biology depart- ment. He was a member of many professional scientific societies and served as president of several, including three of the largest: the American Society of Biological Chemists, the American Institute of Biological Sciences, and the 116,000- member American Association for the Advancement of Science. He served on the President’s Science Advisory Committee under both Kennedy and Johnson (1962-1966), was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1963, was director of the National Science Foundation under Nixon 3 4 BIOGRAPHICAL MEMOIRS (1969-1972), and was a member of the President’s Committee on the National Medal of Science Award (1972). -
Discovery and Protein Engineering of Baeyer-Villiger Monooxygenases
Discovery and Protein Engineering of Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases Inauguraldissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald vorgelegt von Andy Beier geboren am 11.10.1988 in Parchim Greifswald, den 02.08.2017 I Dekan: Prof. Dr. Werner Weitschies 1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Uwe T. Bornscheuer 2. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Marko Mihovilovic Tag der Promotion: 24.10.2017 II We need to learn to want what we have, not to have what we want, in order to get stable and steady happiness. - The Dalai Lama - III List of abbreviations % Percent MPS Methyl phenyl sulfide % (v/v) % volume per volume MPSO Methyl phenyl sulfoxide % (w/v) % weight per volume MPSO2 Methyl phenyl sulfone °C Degrees Celsius MTS Methyl p-tolyl sulfide µM µmol/L MTSO Methyl p-tolyl sulfoxide aa Amino acids MTSO2 Methyl p-tolyl sulfone + AGE Agarose gel electrophoresis NAD Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, oxidized aq. dest. Distilled water NADH Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, reduced + BLAST Basic Local Alignment Search NADP Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide Tool phosphate, oxidized bp Base pair(s) NADPH Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced BVMO Baeyer-Villiger monooxyge- OD600 Optical density at 600 nm nase CHMO Cyclohexanone monooxyge- PAGE Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis nase Da Dalton PAMO Phenylacetone monooxygenase DMF Dimethyl formamide PCR Polymerase chain reaction DMSO Dimethyl sulfoxide PDB Protein Data Bank DMSO2 Dimethyl sulfone rpm Revolutions per minute DNA Desoxyribonucleic acid rv Reverse dNTP Desoxynucleoside triphosphate SDS Sodium dodecyl sulfate E. coli Escherichia coli SOC Super Optimal broth with Catabolite repression ee Enantiomeric excess TAE TRIS-Acetate-EDTA FAD Flavin adenine dinucleotide TB Terrific broth Fig. -
Cloning of Firefly Luciferase Cdna and the Expression of Active
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 82, pp. 7870-7873, December 1985 Biochemistry Cloning of firefly luciferase cDNA and the expression of active luciferase in Escherichia coli (bioluminescence/Photinus pyralis/antibody screening/expression vector/recombinant DNA) JEFFREY R. DE WET*, KEITH V. WOODt, DONALD R. HELINSKI*, AND MARLENE DELUCAt Departments of *Biology and tChemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 Communicated by W. D. McElroy, July 26, 1985 ABSTRACT A cDNA library was constructed from firefly library was screened with anti-P. pyralis luciferase antibody, (Photinuspyralis) lantern poly(A)I RNA, using the Escherichia using a chromogenic detection technique (8), and several coli expression vector Xgtll. The library was screened with cDNA clones were isolated and characterized. These clones anti-P. pyralis luciferase (Photinus luciferin:oxygen 4-oxidore- were found to be homologous to the mRNA that encodes ductase, EC 1.13.12.7) antibody, and several cDNA clones luciferase. The largest luciferase cDNA clone that was expressing luciferase antigens were isolated. One clone, ALucl, isolated was able to direct the synthesis of active luciferase contained 1.5 kilobase pairs of cDNA that hybridized to a 1.9- in E. coli. to 2.0-kilobase band on a nitrocellulose blot of electrophoreti- cally fractionated lantern RNA. Hybridization of the cloned MATERIALS AND METHODS cDNA to lantern poly(A)I RNA selected an RNA that directed the in vitro synthesis of a single polypeptide. This polypeptide Enzymes and Strains. Restriction endonucleases and E. coli comigrated with luciferase on NaDodSO4/PAGE and produced DNA polymerase I were purchased from New England bioluminescence upon the addition of luciferin and ATP. -
Bioluminescence Is Produced by a Firefly-Like Luciferase but an Entirely
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN New Zealand glowworm (Arachnocampa luminosa) bioluminescence is produced by a Received: 8 November 2017 Accepted: 1 February 2018 frefy-like luciferase but an entirely Published: xx xx xxxx new luciferin Oliver C. Watkins1,2, Miriam L. Sharpe 1, Nigel B. Perry 2 & Kurt L. Krause 1 The New Zealand glowworm, Arachnocampa luminosa, is well-known for displays of blue-green bioluminescence, but details of its bioluminescent chemistry have been elusive. The glowworm is evolutionarily distant from other bioluminescent creatures studied in detail, including the frefy. We have isolated and characterised the molecular components of the glowworm luciferase-luciferin system using chromatography, mass spectrometry and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The purifed luciferase enzyme is in the same protein family as frefy luciferase (31% sequence identity). However, the luciferin substrate of this enzyme is produced from xanthurenic acid and tyrosine, and is entirely diferent to that of the frefy and known luciferins of other glowing creatures. A candidate luciferin structure is proposed, which needs to be confrmed by chemical synthesis and bioluminescence assays. These fndings show that luciferases can evolve independently from the same family of enzymes to produce light using structurally diferent luciferins. Glowworms are found in New Zealand and Australia, and are a major tourist attraction at sites located across both countries. In contrast to luminescent beetles such as the frefy (Coleoptera), whose bioluminescence has been well characterised (reviewed by ref.1), the molecular details of glowworm bioluminescence have remained elusive. Tese glowworms are the larvae of fungus gnats of the genus Arachnocampa, with eight species endemic to Australia and a single species found only in New Zealand2. -
Understanding Bioluminescence in Dinoflagellates—How Far Have We Come?
Microorganisms 2013, 1, 3-25; doi:10.3390/microorganisms1010003 OPEN ACCESS microorganisms ISSN 2076-2607 www.mdpi.com/journal/microorganisms Review Understanding Bioluminescence in Dinoflagellates—How Far Have We Come? Martha Valiadi 1,* and Debora Iglesias-Rodriguez 2 1 Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, August-Thienemann-Strasse, Plӧn 24306, Germany 2 Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel.: +49-4522-763277; Fax: +49-4522-763310. Received: 3 May 2013; in revised form: 20 August 2013 / Accepted: 24 August 2013 / Published: 5 September 2013 Abstract: Some dinoflagellates possess the remarkable genetic, biochemical, and cellular machinery to produce bioluminescence. Bioluminescent species appear to be ubiquitous in surface waters globally and include numerous cosmopolitan and harmful taxa. Nevertheless, bioluminescence remains an enigmatic topic in biology, particularly with regard to the organisms’ lifestyle. In this paper, we review the literature on the cellular mechanisms, molecular evolution, diversity, and ecology of bioluminescence in dinoflagellates, highlighting significant discoveries of the last quarter of a century. We identify significant gaps in our knowledge and conflicting information and propose some important research questions -
Bioluminescence Related Publications from JNC Corporation
Bioluminescence related publications since 1985 110) Inouye, S. and Hojo, H. (2018) Revalidation of recombinant aequorin as a light emission standard: Estimation of specific activity of Gaussia luciferase. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 507: 242-245. 109) Yokawa, S., Suzuki, T., Hayashi, A., Inouye, S., Inoh, Y. and Furuno, T. (2018) Video-rate bioluminescence imaging of degranulation of mast cells attached to the extracellular matrix. Front. Cell Dev. Biol. 6: 74. 108) Inouye, S., Tomabechi, Y., Hosoya, T., Sekine, S. and Shirouzu, M. (2018) Slow luminescence kinetics of semi-synthetic aequorin:expression, purification and structure determination of cf3-aequorin. J. Biochem. 164(3): 247–255. 107) Inouye, S. (2018) Single-step purification of recombinant Gaussia luciferase from serum-containing culture medium of mammalian cells. Protein Expr. Purif. 141: 32-38. 106) Inouye, S. and Sahara-Miura, Y. (2017) A fusion protein of the synthetic IgG-binding domain and aequorin: Expression and purification from E. coli cells and its application. Protein Expr. Purif. 137: 58-63. 105) Suzuki, T., Kanamori, T. and Inouye, S. (2017) Quantitative visualization of synchronized insulin secretion from 3D-cultured cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 486: 886-892. 104) Yokawa, S., Suzuki, T., Inouye, S., Inoh, Y., Suzuki, R., Kanamori, T., Furuno, T. and Hirashima, N. (2017) Visualization of glucagon secretion from pancreatic α cells by bioluminescence video microscopy: Identification of secretion sites in the intercellular contact regions. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 485: 725-730. 103) Inouye, S. and Suzuki, T. (2016) Protein expression of preferred human codon-optimized Gaussia luciferase genes with an artificial open-reading frame in mammalian and bacterial cells. -
Poster Final Copy
Introduction to Jellyfish Jellyfish have been around for over 700 million years making them one of the oldest living creatures on earth. There are almost 3,000 species of jellyfish found throughout the world's oceans. From Cnidarian jellyfish, which are often referred as “true” jellyfish, to Ctenophores (comb jellyfish), Cubic Aquarium Systems have compiled this poster showing some of the most interesting species found around the globe. Moon Jellyfish Amakusa Jellyfish Mauve Stinger Purple Striped Jellyfish Japanese Sea Nettle Aurelia aurita Sanderia malayensis Pelagia noctilca Chrysaora colorata Chrysaora pacifica Pacific Sea Nettle Black Sea Nettle Lion’s Mane Jellyfish Blue Fire Jellyfish Egg Yolk Jellyfish Chrysaora fuscescens Chrysaora achlyos Cyanea capillata Cyanea lamarckii Phacellophora camtschatica Flame Jellyfish Blue Blubber Spotted Lagoon Jellyfish Australian Spotted Lagoon Jellyfish Upside Down Jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum Catostylus mosaicus Mastigias papu Phyllorhiza punctata Cassioppea sp. Mediterranean Jellyfish Crown Jellyfish Purple Jellyfish Chrystal Jellyfish Flower Hat Jellyfish Cotylorhiza tuberculata Cephea cephea Thysanostoma thysanura Aequorea victoria Olindias formosa Immortal Jellyfish Portuguese Man O’ War Box Jellyfish Comb Jellyfish Sea Gooseberry Turritopsis dohrni Physalia physali Chironex sp. Bolinopsis sp. Pleurobrachia bachei Cubic Aquarium Systems Exotic Aquaculture Jellyfish aquariums and specialised fish tanks | Cubic Aquarium Syste International Jellyfish Wholesale Cubic Aquarium Systems build a range of unique, specialised aquariums Exotic Aquaculture are a Hong Kong based aquarium livestock supplier for jellyfish and other unusual sea creatures specializing in jellyfish wholesale to the public and home aquarium trade. www.cubicaquarium.com Copyright Sanderia Group Limited www.exoticaquaculture.com All rights reserved. -
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