WP/RC14/2 THE WORK OF WHO IN THE WESTERN PACIFIC REGION THIRTEENTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE REGIONAL DIRECTOR TO THE REGIONAL COMMI'I"I'EE FOR THE WESTERN PACIFIC Covering the Period, 1 July 1962 - 30 .rune 1963 World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific Mmila, Philippines July, 1963 The following abbreviations are used in this Report: ECAFE Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations MESA Malaria Eradication Special Account UNICEF United Nations Children's Fund UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization United Nations Korean Reconstruction ~ncy UNTEA United Nations Temporary Executive Authority - ii - - CONTENTS JNTRODUCTION .......................... ,. .... iii ............................ vii PART I. GENERAL 1. TliE REGIONAL CO~'fl1EE .................... It ........ '. .. .. .. .. .. • .. .. .. .. .. • .. .. 3 2.. TlIE REGIONAL OFFICE .. .. .. .. • .. • .. • • • .. .. .. • .. • .. .. • • .. • • • • • .. .. • • • • • • • • • • • 4 2.1 Organizational Structure 4 2.2 Salaries and Allowances 5 2.3 Regional Office Building 5 3. AGREEMENTS WITH GOVERNMENTS •••.•.•.•......••.•••..•.••.•.•• 6 4. CO-ORDINATION OF WORK WITH OTlIER ORGANIZATIONS •••.••••••••. 6 4.1 The United Nations and the Specialized Agencies •••••• .6 4.1.1 United Nations Temporary Executive Authority •• 7 4.1.2 t.JN'ICEF" • • .. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • .. • • • • • • • • • • • '.' .. • • • • 7 4.1.3 Technical Assistance Board/ United Nations Special Fund ••.••.••••••.•.•• 8 4.1.4 F AO ............................................ 8 4·1.5 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development ............................. 9 4.1.6 t..JrlESCO .......................................... 9 4.2 With other Inter-governmental Organizations 9 4.2.1 South Pacific Commission •.•..••....•••••..•••• 9 4.2.2 ot;her jOint work ...... (> •••••••••••••••••••••• 10 5. PlJBLIC OO"O~TION ........................ • . • • • • . • • • . • • • • .. • • • • 11 PART II. GENERAL STATEMENT OF ACTIVITIES IN TlIE REGION 1. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES •. • • • • • • • . • • • • • • . • • . • • . • • • • • • 15 1.1 Public Health Administration and Health Labor-atory Services ••••.••.•••.•.•.•••.••.•• 15 1.2 Organization of Medical Care - Hospital Services ..••• 18 1.3 N'Ursing .............................................. 19 1.4 Health Education ..................................... 21 1.5 Maternal and Child Health •••.•.••...••••••••••••••••• 24 - iii - - CONTENTS 2. HEALTH PROTECTION AND PROMOTION ............................. 26 2.1 Dental. Heal. th · ............. ..... 26 2.2 M!ntal. Health ............. 27 2.3 Nutrition ................................. 28 2.4 M!dical. Rehabilitation ................................ 29 2.5 Radiation Heal.th, Radiation M!dicine and Human Genetics · .................................... 30 ... ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH ........................................ 30 4. EDUCATION AND TRAINING ·..................................... 32 4.1 Assistance to Educational. Institutions ............ 32 4.2 Fellowships ........................................... 34 4.3 Educational. Meetings and Cqurses ......... , ........... 36 MALARIA ..................................................... 38 6. COMmNlCABLE DISEASES ....................................... 44 6.1 Bacterial. Diseases .................................... 44 6.1.1 Cholera ....................................... 6.1.2 Diphtheria, Pertussis and Tetanus 6.2 Tuberculosis 6.3 Venereal Diseases and Trepqnematoses ..................... Venereal Diseases ................................................ 49 Yaws ....................................................... 49 6.4 Virus Diseases 50 6.4.1 Smallpox ............................................................................ 51 6.4.2 Trachoma ......................................... 51 6.4.3 Poliomyelitis 52 Leprosy 7· HEALTH STATISTICS AND HOSPITAL RECORDS ............................................ 8. PROGRAMME ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION .................................................. 55 PART III. SlJMMA.R:Lm OF SELECTED PROJECTS COMPImED DURING THE PERIOD UNDER REVIEW 1. MEDICATED SALT PR<>.J"relI, CAMBODIA .. .................................................. .. 61 - iv - CONTENTS 2. PUBLIC HEALTH SURVEY, KOREA ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 62 3. BILHARZIASIS CONTROL PILOT PROJECT, PHILIPPINES ••••••••••••• 65 4. YAWS CONTROL PROJECT, PHILIPPINES ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 70 5. YAWS CONTROL PROJECT, TONGA •••••••••••••••••••• 0. • • . • • . • . • • . 72 PART IV. PROJECTS m OPERATION Projects in operation from 1 July 1962 to 30 June 1963 77 .ANNEXES 1 LIST OF REGIONAL OFFICE POSTS ................................. 101 2 PROJECT AND REGIONAL OFFICE mTERNATIONAL STAFF EMPLOYED AS OF 30 JUNE 1963 ................................. 105 3 CONSULTANTS EMPLOYED DURING THE YEAR 1 JULY 1962 .. 30 JUNE 1963 .................................. 107 4 LIST OF SUPPLEMENTARY AGREEMENTS SIGNED WITH MEMBER COUNTRIES DURING THE PERIOD 1 JULY 1962 .. 30 JUNE 1963 .................................. 109 5 TOTAL NUMBER OF AWARDS (REGULAR AND SPECIAL t;.. FELLOWSHIPS) FOR THE YEAR 1962-1963 ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 117 6 FELLOWSHIP AWARDS ACCORDING TO FIELDS OF STUDY AND COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN - 1 JULY 1962 .. 30 JUNE 1963 ................................................... 119 y 7 DISTRIBUTION OF VISITS IN ACCORDANCE WITH COUNTRY OF STUDY AND REGIONS ................................ 121 .. v - -==~---- -- --- .. ., . ."'.. ,., . "...' . INTRODUCTION By way of summary in looking ahead to the future health development in the countries and territories of this region, I should like to re-emphasize the importance of long-range heaJ.th programming as an integraJ. part of socio-economic development, the necessity of establishing a planning body ,in the national health administration, the need of basic statistics and data in health planning and programme evaluation, and the desirability of promoting leadership not only in the health field but also in other fields of national and locaJ. develop­ ment of which health is a vital component and where health contributes to social productivity. There must be realistic planning in ter.ms of manpower needs and, the ways and means by which these can be adequately met, taking into consideration projected population increases and the need to expand health facilities both in quantity and in quality. Strengthening of educational and training facilities as well as stability of staffing are, therefore, basic to an orderly development of a health programme that stands ready to meet the multitudinous needs of the present as well as the challenges of the future. As you know, the services of the Regional Office are at your disposal to assist in these activities. * * * During the year under reView, continued emphasis has been given to assistance in the strengthening of national health administrations and the development of rural heaJ.th services. The need for this assistance is to be expected for a number of years to come in view of the fact that developing countries comprise a large part of the Region. Events during the year have reflected the increasing efforts of governments to expand their health services. There is also a growing recognition on the part of national health workers at all levels that the organization of local health services is a basic requirement before special health programmes can be successfully consolidated. However, in many instances, the practical. application of this concept is faced with difficulties, such as lack of funds, limitations in personnel and, in some cases, unsettled internal. conditions. In some countries also, the relatively low salaries of national staff force them to undertake private practice and make them reluctant to travel outside their duty station. This, of course, restricts the expansion of health activities at the periphery. The importance of preparing realistic long-range plans for health services at national and local levels in accordance with available personnel and material resources cannot be over-emphasized. Primary attention should be given in developing countries to programmes which will result in an adequate health service and this should come before the planning of expensive specialized programmes. In some countries also, there is an urgent need to strengthen and reorganize the central health services to deal with the planning and supervision of the increasing number of health activities. - vii - There is ipcreasing recognition of the importance of an epidemio­ logical service which can assess, plan and direct disease control activities and co..ordinate them within the context of the general health programme. Parallel with this trend is the recognition that the establish­ ment of a strong .central health laboratory and the development of a network of health laboratory services is an essential part of any medical care programme . The important role of the hospital services in the health programme of the country i's increasingly being recognized. M;)re consideration is being given to questions of hospital planning and organization, as well as to the tra.in1ng of personnel and to proper and efficient administra..­ tion. * * * The year has seen developments in the school health education programmes in a number of countries, a keener co-operation between education and health authorities, as well as growing interest in establishing such programmes. Greater emphasis has been placed on the