June-July 2013 Volume 8 No. 3 `100.00 (-Based Buyer Only)

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Page 4  asia-pacific: china’s Defence White Paper Hovering Danger - Guided Weapons of Naval Helicopters Countering

MARTE MK2S on NH-90 New Security Threats

The transition from the naval helicopter to Photograph: US the smaller and lighter unmanned naval helicopter appears to be certainty (at least partially), which would ensure availability of these unmanned craft on much larger number of smaller ships. Rear (Retd) Dr S. Kulshrestha Page 6 Oil & Petrodollars Arming the Middle East Oil is sold in the US dollars; surplus dollars are recycled into these countries or paid for purchasing of military hardware. In return the absolute monarchies are protected by the Western countries. The Arab Spring has had no effect on the arms sale. Lt General (Retd) Naresh Chand Page 10 Indian Naval Aviation Turns 60 Over the years, the naval air arm has grown from a modest force to a small air force and has in its inventory approximately 220 aircraft, 1,300 officers and 9,000 men. (Retd) Sushil Ramsay Sailors aboard the Chinese Navy destroyer Page 11 Qingdao (DDG 113) man the rails as they depart Pearl Harbor Nuclear-powered HMS Ambush Submarine Commissioned Built by BAE Systems at Barrow-in-Furness, China is a major maritime country. The seas and oceans provide immense space the Astute class vessels represent a highly and abundant resources for China’s sustainable development, and thus are of vital complex feat of naval engineering importance to the people’s well-being and China’s future. It is thus essential to exploit, SP’s Correspondent utilise and protect the seas and oceans, and build China into a maritime power. Plus

SP’s Exclusive n Lt General (Retd) Naresh Chand major powers’. It further warns that it increasing inclination by nations to Technology Perspective and faces multiple and complicated security acquire better weapons. The Asia-Pacific Capability Roadmap 2013 12 challenges. It also implies that as the US region is becoming an increasingly sig- hina has recently issued is reinventing its Asia-Pacific strategy, nificant area for world economic develop- and Coast Guard’s the eighth white paper on the region is undergoing serious changes. ment and strategic interaction between 15-year Warfare Capability 12 national defence which gives That means that China also has to devel- major powers. out the new security challenges op its responses accordingly to look after China’s geostrategic interests: On the News in Brief / Regional 14 it faces and how it plans to its economic and security interests. issues concerning China’s territorial sover- Cdevelop, employ and deploy its armed eignty and maritime rights and interests, News in Brief / India 15 forces to counter the threats. Under- Analysis of the Security Threat by the some neighbouring countries’ adverse standing the thrust of the white paper is White Paper actions are complicating or exacerbating important as it has been published after There are signs of increasing hegemonism, the situation. For example, Japan is caus- the change of guard at Beijing. The paper power politics and neo-interventionism. ing trouble over the issue of the Diaoyu gives out the shift to the Asia-Pacific Local conflicts and hot-spot issues keep Islands. The threats posed by three forces, region for economic development and cropping up frequently. ­Traditional and namely, terrorism, separatism and extrem- politely terms the likely conflicts in this non-traditional security challenges are ism, are on the rise. The “Taiwan indepen- Applied for region as ‘strategic interaction between deeply interrelated and there is an ever dence movement” separatist forces and

3/2013 1  asia-pacific: china’s Defence White Paper

2013 saw the release of the much awaited thus appropriate that an overview on the ing piece on the diamond jubilee of the China’s strategic policy ‘White Paper’ which white paper with brief comments becomes Indian Naval Aviation, commissioning of assumed greater significance as it gives out the lead story of this issue. the nuclear-powered fleet submarine HMS the strategic vision of the new leadership. Middle East has always been in the Ambush of the Royal Navy, apart from the This is the eighth White Paper on national news for oil and also the Arab Spring which regular news digest. defence and covers China’s fresh security is actually turning out to be the ‘Spring of Dis- Happy reading dear readers! challenges and how it plans to develop, content’. The US and other western govern- employ and deploy its armed forces to ments have followed policies which ensure counter the threats. The paper gives out the that they have access to Middle East oil, shift to the Asia-Pacific region for economic suppressing regional powers to challenge development and politely terms the likely and prevent the proliferation of weapons of conflicts in this region as ‘strategic interac- mass destruction. Most oil sales throughout tion between major powers’. There is no the world are carried out in the US dollars

EDITORIAL specific reference to China’s policy of “no and the US guards this policy very strongly first use” of nuclear weapons although that which has resulted in a mix of ‘oil and US is China’s professed nuclear policy. Another dollars’ policy, seeped deep in the deserts important omission is of any reference to the of the region. Thus an article on the subject Communist Party which actually controls makes for interesting reading. the People’s Liberation Army unlike other Naval helicopter based weapons are countries where the state controls its armed becoming more and more lethal; and hence Jayant BaranwaL forces. China has also given out for the first an article on the subject has been included time the structure of its military units. It is in this issue. Then there is an interest- Publisher & Editor-in-Chief

their activities are still the biggest threat to shipping protection and disaster relief coastal defence units, guard and garrison the peaceful development of cross-straits China: operations. units. In line with the strategic require- relations. Factors affecting social harmony zz Conduct joint exercises and training ments of mobile operations and multi- and stability are growing in number, and Geographical Facts with other nations. dimensional offense and defence, the PLAA the security risks to China’s overseas inter- zz China has borderline of more than China’s armed forces are composed of has been reoriented from theatre defence ests are on the increase. 22,000 km and a coastline of more the People’s Liberation Army, the People’s to trans-theatre mobility. It is accelerating On future wars: There are rapid than 18,000 km. Armed Police Force and the militia. Over the development of Army Aviation troops, changes being affected in future warfare zz China is one of the countries with the years, the PLA has been proactively light mechanised units and Special Opera- including mechanisation and informa- too many neighbours and the lon- and steadily pushing forward its reforms tions forces, and enhancing building of tionisation (probably implies information gest land borders. in line with the requirements of perform- digitalised units, gradually making its units warfare including network-centric opera- zz Among all China’s islands, more than ing its missions and tasks, and building an small, modular and multi-functional in tions). Major powers like the US and its 6,500 are larger than 500 square information age military force. Some of the organisation so as to enhance their capabil- allies are vigorously developing new and metres each. China’s island coastline measures taken are: ities for air-ground integrated operations, more sophisticated military technologies is over 14,000 km long. zz The PLA has focused on reinforcing the long-distance manoeuvres, rapid assaults so as to ensure that they maintain their strategic administration of the Central and special operations. The PLAA mobile strategic superiorities in international Military Commission (CMC) by estab- operational units include combined corps, competition in such areas as outer space its security and development interests”. lishing the PLA Department of Strategic plus additional independent combined and cyber space. zz Role: A senior officer from the People’s Planning, reorganised the GSH (Head- operational divisions (brigades), and have Main security concerns: The main Liberation Army (PLA) General Staff quarters of the General Staff) Commu- a total strength of 8,50,000. security concerns that China perceives are Headquarters elaborated in a press con- nications Department as the GSH Infor- Operational mobile units: They as follows: ference that the basic role of the armed mationisation Department, and the include combined corps plus additional zz Some country (probably meaning US) has forces is to fight wars in the informa- GSH Training and Arms Department as independent combined operational divi- strengthened its Asia-Pacific military alli- tion age and its peacetime mission is to the GSH Training Department. sions (brigades). ances/relations and increased its military prepare for wars. He added that “Chi- zz The PLA is modernising its combat Combined corps: There are 18 com- presence in the region which periodically nese armed forces focus on protecting forces by optimising their size and bined corps which is composed of divisions adds to the tension in the region. The the country’s sovereignty and security structure of the various services and and brigades similar to corps elsewhere in alliances are with countries like Japan, when it highlights capacity building arms. Reorganise the troops so as to other global armies. They are mobile which South Korea, the Philippines, Thailand, under the principle of being able to make operational forces lean, joint, means that they can move and deploy very , etc and on the periphery are fight a war and win a war”. multi-functional and efficient. rapidly within their integral means. ‘Com- counties like and India. zz Peaceful settlement: He also stressed zz Improve their training standards and bined’ implies that the corps consists of bal- zz China is very sensitive about its terri- that China always sticks to peaceful carry out human resources development. anced force of all fighting arms and logistic torial sovereignty and brooks no inter- settlement of international disputes zz Strengthen the development of new- and units. The 18 Combined Corps’ are under ference in Tibet, Taiwan, its maritime and solving problems with neighbour- high-technology weaponry and equip- seven area military commands as follows: rights and interests or island territories ing countries through dialogue. China ment to build a modern military force Military Commands: The seven mili- like the conflict with Japan over the will not attack unless attacked but we structure which India has not been able tary area commands are: issue of the Diaoyu Islands. will surely counterattack if attacked. to do though the Defence Research and zz Shenyang (16th, 39th and 40th Com- zz China visualises that the threats of Following this principle, China will res- Development Organisation (DRDO) and bined Corps) terrorism, separatism and extremism olutely take all necessary measures to defence public sector undertakings zz Beijing (27th, 38th and 65th Combined are on the rise. The problem is further safeguard its national sovereignty and (DPSUs) have been in existence since Corps) compounded by the incidence of major territorial integrity. So far ‘China’s no Independence. China’s zz Lanzhou (21st and 47th Combined natural disasters, security accidents first use of nuclear power’ is implied Liaoning is a shining example of this. Corps) and public health. but not clearly spelt out. The White Paper discloses for the first zz Jinan (20th, 26th and 54th Combined time details of the Army, Navy, Air Force Corps) Commitment to Peace Structure of the Armed Forces and the second artillery corps of the Peo- zz Nanjing (1st, 12th and 31st Combined zz In spite of the above challenges, China It appears that China now wants a larger ple’s Liberation Army. Corps) propagates a new security concept fea- role in global affairs through its armed zz Guangzhou (41st and 42nd Combined turing mutual trust, mutual benefit, forces in maintaining world peace, security PLA Army Corps) equality and coordination, and pursues and stability. Some of the measures under- The PLA Army (PLAA) is composed of zz Chengdu (13th and 14th Combined comprehensive security, common secu- taken are: mobile operational units, border and Corps) rity and cooperative security. It empha- zz Increasing their interactions and coop- sises that all its policies are committed eration with other armed forces. PLA Navy to peace. zz Intensifying cooperation on confidence- It appears that China now The PLA Navy (PLAN) is China’s mainstay zz China will never seek hegemony or building measures (CBMs) in border for operations at sea and is responsible behave in a hegemonic manner nor will areas. India conducts regular CBMs wants a larger role in global for safeguarding its maritime security it engage in military expansion. with China on its borders. and maintaining its sovereignty over its zz Promote dialogue and cooperation on affairs through its armed territory. The PLAN is composed of sub- Defence Forces maritime security. marines, surface vessels, naval aviation, zz Defence infrastructure: China will zz Participate in United Nations peace- forces in maintaining world Marine Corps and coastal defence arms. build a strong national defence and keeping missions. In line with its naval strategy, the PLAN is powerful armed forces which will zz Cooperate in international counterter- peace, security and stability trying to accelerate the modernisation of “commensurate with China’s interna- rorism efforts.

www.spsnavalforces.net tional standing and meet the needs of zz Participate in international merchant Continued to page 8...

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Discover our Industry Solution Experience: Winning Program 3DS.COM/AEROSPACE  armaments Hovering Danger Guided Weapons of Naval Helicopters

The transition from the naval helicopter to the smaller and lighter unmanned naval helicopter appears to be certainty (at least partially), which would ensure availability of these unmanned craft on much larger number of smaller ships. This would lead to rapid development of associated weapons, like micro miniaturised missiles and ultra- light-weight torpedoes, which could relieve the ship of targeting smaller craft and midget submarines in the littoral environment.

Photograph: US Navy n Rear Admiral (Retd) Dr S. Kulshrestha speed propulsion. The main features of its homing head include; active homing ranges he first helicopter to be greater than 2,100 metres, very low target widely used in the US and the strength acquisition capability, narrow and UK navies was the Sikorsky R-4, broadband modes, active/passive modes, powered by a radial engine to capability to detect bottomed targets, clas- rotate its main rotor with three sification based upon spatial diversity, Tblades. Interestingly, the earliest use of the multi-frequency and signal processing. R-4/R-5 helicopter was as a ‘plane guard’ Its low noise and programmable acoustic to recover pilots in case they ditched near enables delays detection by the target ship the aircraft carriers. In fact the US Navy at of the oncoming . With a length one time opined that the helicopter would of 2.75 metres, weight of 250 kg, it has a never be big enough for useful deployment maximum speed of 38 kts (about 70 kmph) at sea by the Navy. Today with advance- and an endurance of 13,500 metres/10,000 ment in technology, the naval helicopters metres depending upon low/high speed. are assigned the tasks of anti-submarine The MU90/IMPACT marketed by the warfare (ASW), combat search and rescue consortium EUROTORP is the main NATO (SAR), anti-ship surveillance and targeting torpedo and is considered to be the most (ASuW), mine warfare countermeasures advanced LWT. It weighs 304 kg and has a (MCM), surveillance, reconnaissance and length of 3.237 metres. It is claimed that target acquisition, over the horizon tar- pre-arrangements to cope with submarine- geting, electronic countermeasures (ECM), launched anti-air-missile (SLAAM) have communication relay, naval surface fire already been incorporated in the system. support (NSFS), ship boarding and utility. It can operate between depths of 25 metre Northrop Grumman’s Sea Scout would be fitted In fact the capabilities and sub-capabilities with advanced precision kill weapon system which and 1,000 metres and is navigable up to of the SH-60 helicopter with the US Navy is a laser guided 70 mm rocket three metres. It is claimed that its multi- additionally include; amphibious warfare, frequency, parallel processing and simul- anti-air warfare, electronic warfare, fleet taneous acoustic modes operation, allow support operations; command, control and R has upgraded avionics, multi-mode radar, A244 S Mod 3 is an upgrade of the multi-target tracking capability and pro- communications, etc. advanced low-frequency sonar, guns, mis- A244S from WASS . The main improve- vides the weapon with immunity against The development of the naval helicop- siles and torpedoes for combating targets ments include an acoustic seeker which anti-torpedo countermeasures. The strap ter today owes its lineage to its primary in the littoral regions. has preformed multiple transmission and down control and guidance capability development in an anti-submarine role to Indian Navy has a requirement for both reception beams and multi-frequency oper- allows it to manoeuvre in all attitudes. combat enemy submarines. The US Navy multi-role as well as light utility helicopters ating capability. This ensures high perfor- It has an engagement range of 15,000 visualised the role of the naval helicop- to replace its ageing Sea Kings and Chetaks. mance in very shallow waters and at very metres. The warhead is STAGNAG compli- ter in combating the German submarines The multi-role helicopter procurement is at long engagement distances. The warhead ant V350 insensitive shaped charge with which were threatening the US as well as commercial bid opening stage, with two is omni-directional type which is designed an impact exploder. The safeties include allied shipping. It was envisaged that Coast contenders namely AgustaWestland NH-90 to maximise the lethal effect. Simultaneous two mechanical and six independent elec- Guard pilots would fly the helicopters to and Sikorsky S-70B. Indian Navy has also classification and tracking of several targets trical devices. guard the convoys by scouting for subma- issued a request for information (RFI) for is possible due to its advanced digital sig- The MK 54 by Raytheon incorporates rines and operate from the platforms on 120 helicopters (NMRH) in the 9 to 12.5 nal processor, which is also able to clearly the best of technologies from MK 50, MK decks of merchant ships. The first Sikorsky tonnes category and request for proposal discriminate between the real and false tar- 48 ADCAP and MK 46 torpedoes. The R-4 naval helicopter was inducted in 1943. (RFP) is likely in a couple of months. The gets. The battery package has increased the acoustic head, an upgrade from MK 50, Thereafter, it began the trials for ‘evalua- NMRH is envisaged to carry out the ASW number of cells which gives the Mod 3 an provides low self-noise and superior per- tion of the ship-based helicopter in anti- as well as the ASuW roles. Indian Navy has increase of about 50 per cent in range. It formance in littoral areas. Control and submarine warfare. In the anti-submarine also issued a RFP for 56 light utility heli- also features a D-C contra rotating motor guidance is a combination of features role it was thought that once the sonar copters for ASW and other support roles. with an electronic controller for variable from MK 48 and MK 50 with the latest of a destroyer detected a submarine the The essential weapons onboard the commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) process- helicopter would be guided to the sub- naval helicopters are the aerial torpedo ing power (14 gigaflops) in an expandable marines location and would drop a MK (light weight torpedo (LWT)) and the anti- Developments in the unmanned open architecture. The warhead consists IX 200-pound depth charge, thereafter, it shipping missiles, therefore it would be of the MK 103 Mod 1 Warhead and the MK would be replenished from the destroyer. worthwhile to look at few prominent weap- rotary-craft technology has 20 Mod 0 Exploder. In 1944, trials were carried out to fit the ons in these categories. The Flash Black from WASS, currently helicopter with dipping sonar, to make it opened entirely new vistas to under development, is claimed to have more autonomous, the fears of excessive Helicopter Launched Aerial Torpedoes weapon designers who are features of the next generation of LWTs. noise due to rotors and downward wash The aerial torpedoes were extensively The design of the Flash Black is highly ver- proved to be unfounded. Further, as a spin used in World War II, however, it is a fact taking inspiration from mini satile with the capability to be launched off it was observed that helicopters were that with the advent of the cruise missile from multiple platforms (underwater and very useful in alignment of fire control the torpedo has been confined to its role weapons developed for UAVs autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), and anti-aircraft radars. Thereafter in the against submerged submarines only. The unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) and late 1950s ASW helicopters were equipped anti-shipping missiles have longer range, for incorporation into the unmanned surface vehicle (USV)), against with light-weight torpedoes and they much higher speeds and easier deploy- any target and in any environment, includ- were extensively used to track and detect ment than the aerial torpedoes and there- unmanned helicopters ing littoral waters and in extremely shal- nuclear submarines. The Sea King and the fore they are preferred for the anti-ship- low depths. It can counter even the most

www.spsnavalforces.net LAMPS followed, the current version SH-60 ping role. sophisticated countermeasures.

4 3/2013 Armaments

Helicopter Launched Anti-Ship Missiles port from West and the United a booster and a sustainer, and a range of The major role of the naval helicopter in States. It entered service in 1972. It could Aerial torpedoes were 70 km. Its warhead is 165 kg of insensitive an anti-ship operation is that of the over be fired from a number of helicopters like extensively used in World explosive, optimised for HE blast and pre- the horizon targeting (OTH) of anti-ship SH 60 Seahawk and Westland Super Lynx. fragmented effects, with impact fuse and cruise missiles (ASCM). This requires that The missile was inertial guided until the War II; however, it is a fact proximity function. It is an inertial guided target vessel be acquired, tracked and the autonomous terminal phase. It had a solid missile with active radar homing for the end data passed on to the main ship and/or rocket engine and a 120-kg warhead. that with the advent of the phase. It flies very close to the sea surface (≤ carry out midcourse and terminal guidance Another light weight anti-ship missile for 2m) which gives very little reaction time to of the launched ASCM. The naval helicop- deployment form the Lynx helicopter is the cruise missile, the torpedo the target. It is a battle proven missile. ter is generally armed with lighter missiles British Sea Skua, which has a blast fragmen- capable of destroying smaller craft and tation SAP warhead of 28 kg. It can travel at has been confined to its Future Trends crippling larger ships. It provides protec- one of the four pre-selected heights based role against submerged Developments in the unmanned rotary-craft tion to own ship against patrol boats; fast upon the prevailing sea surface conditions; technology has opened entirely new vistas attack craft, etc. and supports the launch it climbs up as it nears the target to acquire submarines only to weapon designers who are taking inspi- ship against larger enemy ships. it. The missile homes on to the target illumi- ration from mini weapons developed for The AS.12 anti-ship missile was nated by the helicopters radar. UAVs for incorporation into the unmanned inducted in the in 1960 for Marte MK 2/S is an anti-ship missile by helicopters. An example of the unmanned attacking ships and submarines on the MBDA which is fully qualified on helicopter DELILAH HL, this missile for the heli- helicopter is the MQ 8B Sea Scout, the marine surface. It had a bulging nose and four AW101. The Marte MK 2/S is the technologi- copter launch has been developed by version of the MQ 8B Fire Scout, being devel- clipped triangular wings. It functioned cally advanced version of Marte MK 2 of the Israel Military Industries (IMI) from its oped by Northrop Grumman for the US Navy. with two solid fuel rocket motors; a power- ’s SH3D helicopter fleet. It has successful DELILAH missile. It offers new The Sea Scout would be fitted with advanced ful booster rocket that burned for 2.2 sec- a weight of 310 kg, length of 3.85 metres. offensive capabilities for attacking targets precision kill weapon system which is a onds and sustainers’ motor that burned for It is a high subsonic missile with a range of in coastal, littoral, blue waters and on land. laser guided 70mm rocket. In addition, the 28 seconds. The missile guidance was by 30 km. Marte Exetended Range (ER) is the With a range of over 250 km, it allows the US Navy has asked that RDR-1700 surveil- using four metal vanes around the exhaust advanced version of the Marte series, while helicopter to remain outside the range of lance radar be mounted underneath the Sea nozzle in a thrust vectoring system, the it retains the existing features like the sea long- and medium-range surface-to-air Scout; this synthetic aperture radar can look steering signals were sent to the missile by skimming capability, all-weather opera- missiles (SAMs) as well as the air defence through sandstorms and clouds and can means of two wires which were paid out tion and the radar homing head. It has an systems of the enemy ship. The missile track 20 air/surface targets. from two spools on the rear of the mis- extended range of over 100 km. The longer has a weight of 230 kg with a length of The transition from the naval helicopter sile. A gas operated arming mechanism fed range is the result of incorporating a turbo- 3.2 metres. It has inertial navigation sys- to the smaller and lighter unmanned naval from the sustainers motor armed the war- jet engine. This, along with advanced avi- tem (INS)/global positioning system (GPS) helicopter appears to be certainty (at least head 7.7 seconds after launch. The weight onics, enable the missile to have multiple navigation with a data link for target vali- partially), which would ensure availability of of the warhead was 28 kg. selectable trajectories and flight profiles, dation. The warhead weight is 30 kg and these unmanned craft on much larger num- The Penguin was the first North Atlan- an option for in-flight target re-vectoring is it has speeds between Mach 0.3 and 0.7. ber of smaller ships. This would lead to rapid tic Treaty Organisation (NATO) anti-ship also available. High subsonic speed, ECCM, The Exocet AM 39 is the air-launched ver- development of associated weapons, like missile with an infrared seeker developed inertial and GPS navigation would make it a sion of the Exocet missile family and a prod- micro miniaturised missiles and ultra- light- in collaboration between the Kongsberg formidable weapon in both littoral as well uct of MBDA. The missile weighs 670 kg, it is weight torpedoes, which could relieve the Våpenfabrikk and Norwegian Defence as high sea environment. It would be fully 4.6 metres long and it flies at a speed of 315 ship of targeting smaller craft and midget Research Establishment, with financial sup- interoperable with the MK 2/S version. m/sec. It has a solid propellant engine, with submarines in the littoral environment. SP

First batch of Naval Academy’s Flagship Course Pass-outs

he first batch of 60 Navy Officer Naval Orientation Extended Course and Bhau and Arun Kuriakose, respectively. ral Satish Soni, Flag Officer Commanding- Cadets who joined the Indian Naval the 16th Naval Orientation Regular Course. Archana Sharma was awarded the ‘Flag Offi- in-Chief, , and a TAcademy (INA), Ezhimala, for its The ‘Presidents Gold Medal’ for the cadet cer Commanding-in-Chief, Southern Naval galaxy of distinguished personalities includ- flagship B.Tech course graduated along adjudged first in the overall order-of-merit Command Gold Medal’ for being adjudged ing foreign military attachés witnessed the with 242 other officer cadets of the Indian of the INAC course was awarded to Eby P. the best woman trainee of the course. ceremonies along with the proud parents Navy and Coast Guard at an impressive Henry. Chief of the Naval Staff Gold Med- Graduating and marching shoulder to of the cadets. The majestic parade culmi- passing-out parade held at INA on May als’ for the cadets adjudged first in overall shoulder with their male counterparts were nated with successful cadets marching past 25, 2013. Befitting the occasion, Defence order-of-merit for the Naval Orientation 23 women cadets from the Indian Navy the Academy’s Saluting Dias (known as the Minister A.K. Antony reviewed the parade. Extended Course and the Naval Orienta- and the . Admiral D.K. Quarterdeck), to the traditional notes of The B.Tech course was started at Indian tion Regular Course were awarded to Anshu Joshi, Chief of the Naval Staff, Vice Admi- ‘Auld Lang Syne’, the poignant farewell tune.

Naval Academy, Ezhimala, when it was Photograph: Indian Navy Navy and Coast Guard Dornier aircraft flew commissioned in January 2009, by the past the venue in formation. On completion Prime Minister of India. This followed a of the parade, the ceremony of ‘Shipping- farsighted decision by the Navy to make of-Stripes’ was held, wherein proud par- engineering degree the basic qualification ents of the passing-out cadets affixed the for the officers of its executive branch, rank insignias, popularly known as ‘Stripes’ acknowledging the pivotal role technology on the shoulders of their wards, symbolis- plays in the art of modern warfare. Hither- ing their transformation from ‘cadets’ into to only officers of the technical branches military leaders. Earlier the Defence Minis- needed to possess an engineering degree. ter attended the valedictory dinner along Addressing the parade, Antony congrat- with cadets and their parents. He also paid ulated the graduating cadets on completing homage at the INA War Memorial after the the challenging B.Tech curriculum along parade and inaugurated a well stocked with the rigours of military training. He state-of-the-art library aptly named after the also noted the considerable progress INA Sanskrit grammarian of yore, Panini. has made in every facet of naval training INA Ezhimala, located on the historic and said that the Academy could be com- Coast of , has a sprawling pared with the best in the world. Antony campus of about 1,000 hectres, overlooking also said that more infrastructure projects the Arabian Sea with backwaters, mountains are in the pipeline which would ensure best and sea front, an ideal training ground for training facilities. The Minister also advised India’s future mariners. Currently, more the future officers to treat their subordi- than 1,000 cadets are being trained here nates with dignity and character. with the strength slated to be increased The passing-out cadets belonged to the incrementally commensurate with the needs four passing-out courses of the Spring Term of a growing Navy. Pradeep 2013 of INA, the 84th Indian Naval Acad- Chauhan is the Commandant of INA. SP A cadet being awarded the President’s Gold emy Course (INAC) —the flagship course, Medal by Defence Minister A.K. Antony the 84th Integrated Cadets Course, the 15th —SP’s Correspondent

3/2013 5  Middle east overview Oil & Petrodollars Arming the Middle East

Oil is sold in US dollars; surplus dollars are recycled into these countries or paid for purchasing of military hardware. In return the absolute monarchies are protected by the Western countries. The Arab Spring has had no effect on the arms sale. Will vested interests allow peace to prevail or will they let the cauldron of Middle East simmer? Only time can tell.

Photograph: navy.mil n Lt General (Retd) Naresh Chand were transformed. The US and have The United Arab Emirates Navy fast important defence cooperation agreements attack craft Mubarraz (P141) iddle East is broadly including providing military hardware. the region of West Asia with Oman: Oman is an Arab state which is Arabs as the largest ethnic strategically located at the mouth of the group apart from Turks, Persian Gulf. From the 17th century, Oman Turkomans, Persians, Kurds, had its own empire and competed for influ- MJews, etc. It includes many nations like ence in the Persian Gulf and the Indian Bahrain, , Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Ocean. During 20th century, its power Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, State of Palestine declined and it came under the influence (non-member state), Qatar, Saudi Arabia, of the UK. Oman has proven oil reserves Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates and of about 5.5 billion barrels which is 24th Yemen. The region is very ancient and has in the world. Production of oil during 2012 been the centre of world affairs. It is also was about 9,30,000 barrels per day. Oman the region where many major religions like has natural gas reserves of about 49.5 bil- Judaism, Christianity and Islam originated. lion cubic metres which makes it 28th in Large quantities of crude oil have been the world. discovered in many countries around the Qatar: Qatar is a sovereign Arab state, Persian Gulf which has made the region occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the very rich and also made it the centre of north-eastern coast of the Arabian Penin- conflicts for the control of oil. sula. Qatar has been ruled as an absolute and hereditary emirate by the Al Thani Oil Holding Nations family since the mid-19th century. It was Saudi Arabia: Before the discovery of oil, one of the poorest Persian Gulf states and Saudi Arabia was one of the poorest coun- a British protectorate from 1916 to 1971. tries in the world relying on revenue from The discovery of oil in 1939 has changed limited agriculture produce and pilgrimage. its economy radically. It has a proven oil After the discovery of vast reserves of oil reserve of 15 billion barrels and proven nat- in the Al-Hasa region, Saudi Arabia’s road Iraq: Iraq has been known to the world The US-led military forces ended the seven- ural gas reserves of about 26 trillion cubic to prosperity started. The oilfields began by the Greek toponym ‘Mesopotamia’ (land month-long Iraqi occupation under Saddam metres, about 14 per cent of the world total yielding oil in 1941 under the US-controlled between the rivers) and has been home to Hussein. In 2003, Kuwait was used as a and the third largest in the world. Arabian American Oil Company which gave continuous successive civilisations since launching pad for the invasion of Iraq led Saudi Arabia prosperity and greater control the sixth millennium BC. Iraq’s modern by the US armed forces to remove Saddam Petrodollar diplomacy in world affairs. However, mismanagement borders were mostly demarcated in 1920 Hussein. The country has the world’s fifth Successive US Governments have followed and wasteful expenditure by the govern- by the League of Nations when the Otto- largest oil reserves and petroleum products policies which ensure that they have access ment led to large governmental deficits man Empire was divided by the Treaty of now amounting to nearly 95 per cent of to Middle East oil, suppressing any regional which resulted in excessive foreign bor- Sèvres. Iraq was placed under the author- export revenues and 80 per cent of govern- powers to challenge them and prevent the rowing. By 1976, Saudi Arabia had become ity of the UK and a monarchy was estab- ment income. Kuwait has proven crude oil proliferation of weapons of mass destruc- the largest oil producer in the world. King lished in 1921. Iraq gained independence reserves of 101.5 billion barrels estimated tion. The US has security alliances with Khalid developed Saudi Arabia’s economy from UK in 1932. In 1958, the monarchy to be 10 per cent of the world’s reserves. countries like Israel, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, rapidly, transforming the infrastructure was overthrown and the Republic of Iraq Kuwait currently pumps 2.9 million barrels Kuwait, Oman, Qatar and UAE. Many coun- and educational system of the country. It was established. Iraq was controlled by the per day, which is expected to increase to tries like Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Oman also developed very close ties with the US Ba’ath Party from 1968 to 2003 until the four million barrels per day by 2020. Kuwait have allowed the US to establish their mili- which is still continuing. Ninety-five per invasion of the US and UK which removed spends close to $5 billion for defence. tary bases. Other countries like UK, Russia, cent of exports are of oil and about 70 per the Ba’ath Party and multi-party parlia- United Arab Emirates (UAE): The UAE China, France and Germany also have secu- cent of government revenue come from oil. mentary system of government was estab- is a federation of seven emirates each gov- rity and economic ties with Middle East due OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin 2010-11 lished. The US withdrew from Iraq in 2011. erned by a hereditary emir, who choose one to their energy interest. estimates that Saudi Arabia has about 20 With its 143.1 billion barrels of proven oil of their members to be the president of the Petrodollar: Most oil sales throughout per cent of world’s oil reserves amounting reserves, Iraq ranks third within Middle federation. Oil was first discovered in the the world are carried out in US dollars and to about 264.5 billion barrels. East. Oil production levels have reached 3.4 1950s. UAE oil reserves of 97.8 billion bar- the US guards this policy very strongly. In Iran: Iran is one of the world’s old- million barrels per day by December 2012 rels are ranked seventh in the world. It also 2000, Iraq converted all its oil transactions est civilisations in antiquity. The Persian and Iraq plans to increase its production to possesses the world’s 17th largest reserves under the ‘Oil for Food’ programme to Euros. Constitutional Revolution established the five million barrels per day by 2014. Iraq of natural gas resources and it is one of After the US invasion of Iraq in 2003, this pol- nation’s first parliament in 1906 which was one of the founding members of OPEC. the most developed economies in Western icy was reversed. Thus any US dollar earned was within a constitutional monarchy. Iraq’s economy is based on oil and has pro- Asia. Since 1962, when Abu Dhabi became by a country through the sale of its oil to The UK and US triggered a coup d’état in vided it with about 95 per cent of foreign the first of the emirates to begin export- another country is called petrodollar. A pet- 1953, resulting in Iran becoming a more exchange earnings. ing oil, the country’s society and economy rodollar can also refer to the Canadian dollar autocratic country. The Iranian Revolution Kuwait: Kuwait is situated at the tip when Canada sells its oil. Rise in the price of 1979 led to establishment of an Islamic of the Persian Gulf and its name in Ara- of oil effect the value of the dollar. Major oil Republic. Iran is a founding member of bic means “fortress built near water”. The SIPRI has revealed in its 2012 producing nations invest their surplus petro- the United Nations (UN), Non-Aligned region was the site of Characene, a major dollars profitably, mainly in western coun- Movement (NAM), Organisation of Islamic Parthian port for trade between Mesopota- analysis report that arms tries. A large portion of Arab petrodollars Conference (OIC) and Oil and Petroleum mia and India. After World War I, it emerged were invested directly in the US Government Exporting Countries (OPEC). Iran ranks sec- as an independent sheikhdom under the transfer to Middle East was securities and in the financial markets of the ond in the world in natural gas reserves (16 protection of the British Empire and became largest five economies. Thus all oil purchas- per cent) and third in oil reserves of 151.2 independent in 1961. Large oilfields were $123 billion with an increase ing countries are forced to maintain a large billion barrels. Within Middle East it has discovered in the late 1930s in Kuwait stockpile of dollars which raises the price the second largest oil reserves. It is OPEC’s and the oil industry has seen phenomenal of 4.6 per cent of the US dollar regardless of the economic second largest oil exporter and is an energy growth since then. In 1990, Kuwait was scenario in the US. It benefits the US a great

www.spsnavalforces.net superpower. invaded and annexed by neighbouring Iraq. deal as it can run higher budget deficits at a

6 3/2013 Middle east overview

Large quantities of crude nel carriers. The Obama Administration is order for $1.96 billion of terminal high-alti- Agency, Qatar has requested the possible moving ahead with the sale of nearly $11 tude area defence (THAAD) weapons sys- sale of two THAAD fire units, 12 launch- oil have been discovered in billion worth of arms and training for the tems last year and requested for additional ers, 150 interceptors, parts, training and Iraqi military during 2012. 48 THAAD missiles with support systems logistical support for an estimated cost of many countries around the Kuwait: The US has provided military valued at $1.135 billion. $6.5 billion. assistance to Kuwait from both foreign mil- Oman: Oman has long-standing military The Stockholm International Peace Persian Gulf which has made itary sales (FMS) and commercial sources and political relations with UK and the US. Research Institute (SIPRI) has revealed in with all transactions made by direct cash During 2010, Oman spent $4.074 billion its 2012 analysis report that arms trans- the region very rich and also sale. The US Office of Military Cooperation on military expenditures. The Sultanate has fer to Middle East was $123 billion with an made it the centre of conflicts in Kuwait is attached to the US Embassy a long history of association with the Brit- increase of 4.6 per cent. Economies of the and manages the FMS programme. The US ish military and defence industry. Major US US, UK and other European nations have for the control of oil military sales to Kuwait total $5.5 billion sales to Oman are expected as part of an esti- been thriving due to the continuous Arab- over the last 10 years. mated $20 billion sales package to the Gulf Israel and Sunni-Shia conflict in the Middle UAE: The US and France have important states under the US. “Gulf Security Dialogue” East. Oil is sold in the US dollars; surplus defence cooperation agreements including intended to contain Iran. dollars are recycled into these countries or more sustainable level than can most other providing of military hardware. The UAE Qatar: Qatar has strong military ties paid for purchasing of military hardware. countries. It also makes imports cheaper for discussed with France the possibility of a with the US and US Central Command’s In return the absolute monarchies are pro- the US. Iran has made an effort to create its purchase of 60 Rafale fighter aircraft in Jan- Forward Headquarters and the Combined tected by the Western countries. The Arab own oil bourse which started selling oil in uary 2013. During 2009, UAE has reported Air Operations Centre is located in Qatar. Spring has had no effect on the arms sale. gold, euros, dollars, and Japanese yen. Thus to have spent $15.77 billion on defence. As In 2008, Qatar spent $2.355 billion on mil- Will vested interests allow peace to prevail by allowing the sale of oil only in the US dol- per the US Defence Security Cooperation itary expenditures, 2.3 per cent of its GDP. or will they let the cauldron of Middle East lars, the US stands to gain substantially in Agency notification, UAE signed an initial As the US Defence Security Cooperation simmer? Only time can tell. SP economic terms as majority of the dollars it spends on buying oil is recycled back into its economy by investment and sale of military hardware. In return, the US protects the rul- ers of oil producing countries.

Arming the Middle East Saudi Arabia: There has been significant increase in the defence spending of Saudi Arabia since the mid-1990s. It was about $25.4 billion in 2005. In 2011, it spent $58.5 billion and ranked eighth in the world. The US alone sold more than $80 billion in military hardware between 1951 and 2006 and during October 2010, the US State Department notified Congress of its intention to make the biggest arms sale in the US history of about $60.5 billion to Saudi Arabia. From 1985 to 2006, the UK has supplied military aircraft like Tornado and Eurofighter Typhoon and other equip- ment worth about £43 billion (about $65.36 billion) and thought to be worth a further £40 billion (about $60.80 billion). In May 2012, British defence giant BAE signed a £1.9 billion ($3 billion) deal to supply Hawk trainer jets to Saudi Arabia. Iran: Once Iran’s nuclear programme was disclosed in 1995, there has been an effort by the western world, led by the US to pre- vent it. This has also led to UN Security Coun- cil imposing sanctions against Iran, thereby causing its economic isolation globally. The defence expenditure was $7 billion during 2008, but does not include expenditure on Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps. Iran’s military spending is the lowest in the Per- sian Gulf and it has been striving hard to develop its own military hardware due to the embargo on arms sale. Iraq: The history of the US military aid to Iraq is quite murky. A large amount of the US military aid flowed into Iraq during the Iran-Iraq War, which lasted from Septem- ber 1980 to August 1988. It was reported by a high level committee that about two of every seven licences for the export of “dual use” technology items approved from 1985 to 1990 by the US Department of Com- merce went to Iraq, which it could use for its military or divert it to develop nuclear weapons. Confidential Commerce Depart- Unique.Unique. AheadAhead ofof thethe Art.Art. ment files also disclosed that the Reagan Unique. Ahead of the Art. and Bush administrations approved at least 80 direct exports of military hard- ware to the Iraqi military. Saddam Husse- in’s military machine was partly destroyed in the first Iraqi invasion named ‘Operation Desert Storm’ and completely annihilated during the second 2003 Iraqi invasion named ‘Operation Iraqi Freedom’. After the US first sold military hardware to Iraq in petrodollars, then completely destroyed it and again sold it under the cover of the programme to arm Iraq’s military, appears to be a questionable policy benefiting the US and its defence contractors. Some of the major military hardware sold to Iraq is F-16 fighter jets, M1A1 Abrams main bat- tle tanks, cannons and armoured person-

ShinMaywa Advert_for MYB & MAI.indd 1 20/11/12 2:18 PM ShinMaywaShinMaywa Advert_for Advert_for MYB MYB & & MAI.indd MAI.indd 1 1 3/2013 7 20/11/1220/11/12 2:18 2:18 PM PM ShinMaywa Advert for NF.indd 1 24/01/13 3:48 PM  asia-pacific: china’s Defence White Paper

Countering New Security Threats... continued from page 2

its forces to carry out offshore operations; military exchanges with other countries, often reflect the US interests, attempt to Militia develop advanced submarines, destroy- and develop cooperative military relations restrict rights of other nations to develop The militia is an armed organisation com- ers and ; and improve integrated that are non-aligned, non-confrontational and sell weapons of mass destruction, sup- posed of the people not released from electronic and information systems. Fur- and not directed against any third party. press opposition, violate human rights like their regular work which actually means thermore, it is developing blue-water China claims that it derives its foreign in the prisons of Iraq, Afghanistan and that they are non-professional fighters and capabilities for conducting mobile opera- policy from the Five Principles of Peaceful Guantánamo Bay, and pursue economic citizens of China, similar to the Territorial tions, carrying out international coopera- Coexistence i.e. mutual respect for sover- policies which suit the interests solely of Army in India. The militia acts as a backup tion, countering non-traditional security eignty and territorial integrity, mutual non- the US and its allies. force of the PLA with the charter partici- threats, and enhancing its capabilities aggression, non-interference in each oth- pating in the socialist modernisation drive, of strategic deterrence and counterat- er’s internal affairs, equality and mutual People’s Armed Police Force performing combat readiness support and tack. The PLA Navy has a total strength of benefit, and peaceful coexistence. Origi- The People’s Armed Police Force (PAPF) is defensive operations, helping in maintain- 2,35,000 officers and men, and three fleets nally, these were in the famous ‘Panchsheel composed of internal security and other ing social order and participating in emer- which are Beihai Fleet, Donghai Fleet and Treaty’ signed between India and China specialised forces. During peacetime, gency rescue and disaster relief opera- Nanhai Fleet. Each fleet has fleet aviation in 1954 during Prime Minister Jawaharlal the PAPF’s main tasks include perform- tions. The militia falls into two categories: headquarters, support bases, flotillas and Nehru’s reign. Interpretation of these five ing guard duties, dealing with emergen- primary and general. The primary militia maritime garrison commands, as well as principals is as China perceives. India still cies, combating terrorism and participat- has emergency response detachments; aviation divisions and marine brigades. In cannot forget the way it was backstabbed ing in and supporting national economic supporting detachments such as joint air September 2012, China’s first aircraft car- in 1962. The same area of Ladakh was in development. In wartime, it is tasked with defence, intelligence, reconnaissance, com- rier Liaoning was commissioned into the focus recently but has now been amicably assisting the PLA in defensive operations. munications support, emergent engineer- Navy which has contributed immensely resolved. As per China’s perception, the five The border public security, firefighting ing repair, transportation and equipment

towards building a strong Navy and safe- principles provide a peaceful alternative to and security guard forces are also compo- repair; and reserve units for combat, logis- guarding China’s maritime security. the concept of the US and its allies which nents of the PAPF. tics and equipment support.

PLA Air Force

The PLA Air Force (PLAAF) is China’s main- stay for air operations, responsible for its territorial air security and maintaining a sta- ble air defence posture nationwide. It com- Our Journey Starts as Guide Publications prises units of aviation, ground air defence, 1964 radar, airborne and electronic counter- was founded by its Founder Publisher & measures arms. In line with the strategic requirements of conducting both offensive Founder Editor Shri S P Baranwal... and defensive operations, the PLAAF is 1964 WE SHALL BE 50 THIS YEAR strengthening the development of a combat force structure that focuses on reconnais- sance and early warning, air strike, air and missile defence, and strategic projection. It is developing such advanced weaponry and Apart from many publications written, edited equipment as new-generation fighters and and published by the Founder, Military new-type ground-to-air missiles and radar 2014 systems, improving its early warning, com- Yearbook is introduced in 1965... mand and communications networks, and raising its strategic early warning, strate- gic deterrence and long-distance air strike capabilities. PLAAF has a total strength of 3,98,000 officers and men, and an air com- Guide Publications is rechristened as SP Guide mand in each of the seven Military Area Military Yearbook continues Publications offering tribute and gratitude to its Commands of Shenyang, Beijing, Lanzhou, Jinan, Nanjing, Guangzhou and Chengdu. relentlessly with collective Founder...Also envisioned is the path of introduction Under each air command, there are bases, aviation divisions (brigades), ground-to-air support from dignitaries of a few magazines... missile divisions (brigades), radar brigades including the Prime and other units. In addition, PLAAF has one 1974 airborne corps. Ministers and Presidents of 2013 PLA Second Artillery Force India... The PLA Second Artillery Force (PLASAF) provides China with strategic deterrence. Military Yearbook is SP’s Aviation, SP’s Land It is mainly composed of nuclear and con- rechristened as SP’s Forces, SP’s Naval Forces ventional missile forces and operational support units, primarily responsible for Military Yearbook are launched starting SP’s Airbuz, SP’s deterring other countries from using nuclear weapons against China, and carry- conveying gratitude to from ‘98 and within a M.A.I. follows the ing out nuclear counterattacks and preci- Founder Publisher... span of a few years... intensity of magazines sion strikes with conventional missiles. 1984 PLASAF has under its command, missile introduction... bases with a series of “Dong Feng” ballistic missiles and “Chang Jian” cruise missiles. Dong Feng series of missiles range from intermediate to intercontinental ballistic missiles. Chang Jian is a land attack cruise missile with a range from 2,500 km to 3,000 km. PLASAF also has training bases, specialised support units, academies and 2004 research institutions. 1994 Military Operations other than War (MOOTW) Elaborating on armed forces role in MOOTW, the WP lays down that China’s armed forces will adapt to the changing security environment and emphasises the 1964 - 2014 50 YEARS employment of armed forces in peacetime. They have to actively participate in China’s economic and social development, and pro- vide disaster relief. China’s armed forces are the initiator and facilitator of and JUST 1 STEP SHORT OF 50 YEARS participant in international security coop- eration. They uphold the Five Principles of

www.spsnavalforces.net Peaceful Coexistence, conduct all-round

16-17__50Untitled-1 YEARS1 MESSAGE SPREAD Advert of SP's.indd 16-17 01/03/1315/06/13 1:522:20 PM 8 3/2013 50 asia-pacific: china’s Defence White Paper

Photograph: Wikipedia Safeguarding Maritime Rights weather and sea traffic information; and Marines of PLA Navy and Interests ensuring the safe flow of traffic in sea areas China is a major maritime country. The seas of responsibility. and oceans provide immense space and Public Security Forces: These are the abundant resources for China’s sustainable paramilitary police manned by the regular development, and thus are of vital impor- service personnel of the People’s Armed tance to the people’s well being and China’s Police and organised and equipped along future. It is thus essential to exploit, utilise, military lines, but are under the Ministry and protect the seas and oceans, and build of Public Security and local public security China into a maritime power. (police) departments for command and Role of PLAN: Apart from its routine com- control. They primarily include three police bat readiness activities, the PLAN provides forces: Border Troops, Firefighting Troops, support for China’s maritime law enforce- and Guard Troops. The Border Public Secu- ment, fisheries, and oil and gas exploitation. rity Force is an important armed maritime It has established mechanisms to coordinate law enforcement body which exercises juris- and cooperate with law-enforcement organs diction over both violations of laws, rules of marine surveillance and fishery admin- and regulations relating to public security istration, as well as a joint military-police- administration and suspected crimes com- civilian defence mechanism. Further, the mitted in China’s internal waters, territorial PLAN has worked in coordination with rele- seas, contiguous zones, exclusive economic vant local departments to conduct maritime zones and continental shelf. In recent years, survey and scientific investigation; building the border public security force has endeav- systems of maritime meteorological obser- oured to guarantee the security of sea

vation, satellite navigation, radio naviga- areas, strengthened patrols, surveillance tion and navigation aids; releasing timely and management along the sea boundary in the Beibu Gulf and around the Xisha sea areas, and effectively maintained maritime

public order and stability.

Protecting Overseas Interests Our Journey Starts as Guide Publications With the gradual integration of China’s 1964 economy into the world economic system, was founded by its Founder Publisher & overseas interests have become an integral component of China’s national interests. Founder Editor Shri S P Baranwal... Security issues are becoming increasingly 1964 WE SHALL BE 50 THIS YEAR important, involving overseas energy and resources, strategic sea lines of communi- cation and Chinese nationals overseas. Ves- sel protection at sea, evacuation of Chinese nationals overseas and emergency rescue Apart from many publications written, edited have become an important role for the PLA and published by the Founder, Military 2014 to safeguard national interests. As a follow up of this policy, China has been actively Yearbook is introduced in 1965... participating in escort operations in the Gulf of Aden and waters off Somalia since December 2008 for countering piracy. In February 2011, the turbulent situation in Libya posed grave security threats to Chi- Guide Publications is rechristened as SP Guide nese institutions and nationals in Libya. As Military Yearbook continues Publications offering tribute and gratitude to its a result the Chinese Government organised the largest overseas evacuation since the relentlessly with collective Founder...Also envisioned is the path of introduction founding of the PRC, and 35,860 Chinese nationals were taken home. support from dignitaries of a few magazines... including the Prime Indian Perspective 1974 India sadly lacks the tradition of strategic Ministers and Presidents of culture, thus there has been no policy/ 2013 white paper which enunciates clearly as to India... what are the future strategic policies and plans based on which India’s armed forces Military Yearbook is SP’s Aviation, SP’s Land can translate them into action in terms of rechristened as SP’s Forces, SP’s Naval Forces organisations and infrastructure. When Babu Jagjivan Ram was the Defence Minis- Military Yearbook are launched starting SP’s Airbuz, SP’s ter, he did try to give out some policy in terms of duration and intensity of conflict. conveying gratitude to from ‘98 and within a M.A.I. follows the Later on General Krishnaswamy Sundarji, the Chief of Army Staff, established the Founder Publisher... span of a few years... intensity of magazines 1984 Perspective Plans Directorate in the Army introduction... Headquarters and goaded the government to spell out some sort of strategic perspec- tive for the future. After the Kargil­ War there was the Kargil Review Committee Report which was more of a localised affair. After the terrorist attack again there was a study on coastal security which is being implemented in phases. However, 2004 there has been no synergised strategic 1994 level policy focused on regional and global thrusts. Other countries like the US have their Quadrennial Defense Review which is a legislatively-mandated review of the Department of Defense’s strategy and pri- orities. India has to learn from other coun- 1964 - 2014 50 YEARS tries and make a beginning at some stage if they aspire to become at least a regional power. From China’s White Paper, it is clear that the PLA plays a key role in China’s foreign and security policies including JUST 1 STEP SHORT OF 50 YEARS regional and global interests. India is also required to engage and interact with PLA more intensely to learn and shape its own policies and plans accordingly. SP

16-17__50Untitled-1 YEARS1 MESSAGE SPREAD Advert of SP's.indd 16-17 01/03/1315/06/13 1:522:20 PM 50 3/2013 9  Naval Aviation Indian Naval Aviation Turns 60

Over the years, the naval air arm has grown from a modest force to a small air force and has in its inventory approximately 220 aircraft, 1,300 officers and 9,000 men. Further, from its early days of having a single air station, it has now grown to encompass eight air stations. Today, it is a multi-dimensional force comprising fighters, helicopters, MR aircraft and UAVs with the ability to support the entire spectrum of maritime operations.

Photograph: Indian Navy n Rear Admiral (Retd) Sushil Ramsay Defence Minister A.K. Antony commissioned the first MiG-29K squadron of the Indian Navy at he foundation of Indian INS Hansa in on May 11, 2013 Navy’s Fleet Air arm was laid in 1953 with the induction of the Sealand amphibians and com- missioning of the first naval air Tstation, INS Garuda, at Cochin on May 11, 1953. The Fleet Requirement Unit (FRU) established at Garuda comprised sea land amphibians, Firefly target towing aircraft, and later the Hindustan Aeronautics Lim- ited (HAL) HT2 primary trainers which were later commissioned as Indian Navy Air Squadron (INAS) 550. In 1958, a Jet Training Flight (JTF) was formed at IAF station Sulur with the induc- tion of Vampire aircraft for converting pilots to fighter flying before proceeding for oper- ational conversion. The first carrier-borne fighter squadron, INAS 300 (White Tigers), flying the Sea Hawk aircraft was commis- sioned at Royal Navy Air Squadron, Brawdy, on July 7, 1960. The fixed-wing carrier-borne anti-submarine warfare (ASW) and recon- naissance squadron, INAS 310 (Cobras), was commissioned on January 9, 1961, with Alize aircraft. The search and rescue flight for Vikrant was formed in 1964 with the induction of the HAL produced Aloutte III. ment with the induction of Kirans into However, it was resurrected in 1988 with II (rechristened INS Shikra) supported the INAS 551 on March 31, 1970, as a replace- the induction of Tu-142Ms, the largest fleet’s operational requirements, the train- Carrier Aviation ment for the Vampires. These aircraft con- military aircraft in Indian service. These ing role was being undertaken by INAS 336 With the commissioning of INS Vikrant on tinue to train Indian Navy’s fighter pilots aircraft bestowed great strategic capabil- (Flaming Arrows) at INS Garuda, . March 4, 1961, and the induction of its air prior to their progression to advanced car- ity and enabled the Indian Navy to cover These helicopters were found capable and wing, the Fleet Air arm, came into its own. rier-borne fighter aircraft. This aircraft also vast areas of the seas. To operate these more were acquired for basing on frontline Within a couple of weeks of its arrival in formed a naval aerobatic display team, “the large aircraft, INS Rajali at was ships as integral flights. The Sea King Mk India, Vikrant was called upon to lead the Sagar Pawans” in 2003. commissioned on March 11, 1992, and has 42C commando variant helicopter was also task force blockading Goa and participated With the life of Sea Hawks getting over, the longest runway in India. The MR Fleet acquired to support the Indian Maritime in Operation Vijay against the Portuguese Sea Harrier, the vertical take-off and landing got a further fillip with the induction of Security Force (IMSF). enclaves on the West Coast in 1961. (VTOL) fighter, was chosen as its replace- the short-range maritime reconnaissance With the induction of five Kashin During the 1962 Chinese aggression, ment. These aircraft joined INAS 300 at INS (SRMR) Dornier aircraft in 1991. These air- class guided missile destroyers, with each INAS 300 did a quick weapon work up at Hansa on December 16, 1983, and at a time craft continue to steadfastly meet all air embarking on an ASW helicopter, Ka-25 Kalaikunda before moving to Air Force Sta- when the Sea Hawk era was on the vane, surveillance and reconnaissance require- helicopters were acquired and formed tion Gorakhpur. During the 1965 Indo-Pak INAS 300 was roaring again. The first deck ments of the Indian Navy. the complement of a new squadron INAS hostilities, with Vikrant undergoing refit, landing of the Sea Harrier on INS Vikrant 333 (Eagles) which was commissioned in INAS 300 operated from Santa Cruz provid- was undertaken on December 20, 1983. A Rotary Wing December 1980. Later Ka-28 helicopters ing air defence to the metropolis while Alizes second batch of 17 aircraft was acquired in To bolster the ASW capability of the fleet, were procured and were inducted into operated from Jamnagar and carried out 1989 to augment the squadron’s strength. Sea King helicopters were acquired in INAS 339 (Falcons). In 2004, the Ka-31 maritime reconnaissance tasking. However, 1971 and formed a part of INAS 330 (Har- airborne early warning (AEW) helicopters it was during the Indo-Pak conflict of 1971 Reconnaissance Assets poons) which was commissioned on April were acquired and formed part of INAS that naval aviation played a prominent role The shore-based long-range maritime 17, 1971. While INAS 330 at INS Kunjali 339. The Ka-31s are ship-borne helicop- in the , where INS Vikrant was patrol (LRMP) task was entrusted to the ters which provide AEW cover and are the deployed and the carrier-borne squadrons Navy in 1975. Consequently, Islander air- eyes of the fleet enabling effective fleet air conducted missions to neutralise enemy craft were inducted into the Indian Navy on Future inductions would see defence. Together with the induction of the shipping and shore facilities and prevented May 18, 1976, for training of observers and LPD INS Jalashwa in 2007, six UH-3H heli- forces from being reinforced or intermediate stage pilot training. The super Indian Navy’s current naval copters were also acquired and were com- evacuated. Nine gallantry awards were won constellations were taken over from the missioned as INAS 350 squadron. by the White Tigers including MVCs and VrC. IAF by the Indian Navy and commissioned aircraft inventory increase The second aircraft carrier INS Viraat (ex- as INAS 312 (Albatross) on November 18, UAVs HMS Hermes) was acquired from the Royal 1976. This role got a further fillip with the substantially. With this In keeping with global trends, the Indian Navy and commissioned on May 12, 1987. It commissioning of INAS 315 (Winged Stal- growth, naval aviation would Navy inducted Searcher and Heron UAVs added the requisite punch to the fleet while lions) on October 1, 1977, at Goa, with the on August 31, 2002, and the first UAV realising the nation’s early vision of operat- induction of the IL-38 long-range maritime be transformed into a potent squadron INAS 342 was commissioned at ing two fleet carriers which continued until reconnaissance (LRMR) aircraft. This squad- INS Garuda on January 6, 2006. Since then, the decommissioning of INS Vikrant in 1997. ron played a vital role in search and shadow multi-dimensional networked this arm has seen steady growth and addi- INS Viraat with its integral air arm of Sea missions including Operation Pawan and tional squadrons have been commissioned Harriers, Sea Kings and Chetaks, has been Swan while also being credited with detect- force that would be a decisive on the West Coast in January 2011 and on central to fleet operations till date. ing the renegade ship MV Progress Light the East Coast in April 2012, respectively. during Operation Cactus in 1989. instrument of maritime power. These UAVs have also been successfully Fighter Power With the de-induction of Super Con- integrated with fleet operations and can be

www.spsnavalforces.net Fighter training saw a quantum improve- stellations, INAS 312 was number plated. controlled by fleet ships.

10 3/2013 Naval Aviation / Submarine

Naval Air Stations Minister A.K. Antony. This squadron (AJT) aircraft have also been contracted to of maritime operations. Future inductions The former Portuguese airfield at Dabo- would form the fighter complement of take over the training role from the Kiran would see Indian Navy’s current naval air- lim was commissioned on June 18, 1964, INS Vikramaditya. Additional MiG-29K aircraft and deliveries of these are expected craft inventory increase substantially. With as INS Hansa, as it made an ideal base for aircraft have been contracted and would to commence during 2013. this growth, naval aviation would be trans- disembarked carrier aircraft and for sur- form the complement of IAC 1 and a With the Tu-142Ms nearing its technical formed into a potent multi-dimensional veillance on the West Coast. The JTF was training squadron. life, Boeing P-8I was contracted in 2009 and networked force that would be a decisive commissioned as INAS 551 on Septem- The MiG-29K (K stands for ‘Korabelny’ the first aircraft has been inducted on May instrument of maritime power. ber 5, 1961, and was rebased at Dabolim. meaning carrier borne in Russian) is a 15, 2013. The Indian Navy will be only the INAS 300 and INAS 310 also operated from potent carrier-borne fighter, which once second operator of this aircraft after the US Indian Naval Aviation – Diamond Jubilee Dabolim during these early days. INS Kun- integrated with INS Vikramaditya will Navy to operate the P-8A Poseidon. These Seminar jali at Bombay was established in 1972 to bolster the Indian Navy’s punch with its inductions would augment the long-range To commemorate the Diamond Jubilee of provide shore support for disembarking multi-role capability. The aircraft, armed maritime reconnaissance (MR) ASW capa- Indian Naval Aviation, a seminar was organ- ship-borne flights. with its arsenal of weapons, including bilities of the Indian Navy. ised under the aegis of Headquarters Goa New airbases on the East and Far East- advanced anti-aircraft and anti-ship mis- The helicopter fleet is also poised for Naval Area at INS Hansa on May 10, 2013. ern Coasts were also commissioned to meet siles, precision bombs and sophisticated growth to cater to additional requirement The proceedings of the seminar began the requirements of the Bay of Bengal. A systems to support weapon delivery, will of integral flights. Induction of multi-role with the welcome address by Rear Admiral Naval Air Station INS Utkrosh at not only be able to dominate the air in helicopters as replacement for Sea King B.S. Parhar, Flag Officer Naval Aviation, and was commissioned in April 9, 1984. INS all spectrum of conflict but simultane- 42As and to embark new ships is planned. keynote address delivered by the Grey Eagle Dega at and INS Rajali at ously project power to meet the nation’s Naval utility helicopters as replacements (senior most serving naval aviator) Vice Arakkonam were commissioned in August military objectives. This lethal fighter air- for Alloutte III/Chetak helicopters are also Admiral , Flag Officer Com- 1991 and March 1992 respectively. craft will enhance Indian Navy’s capabil- planned for induction in the near future. manding-in-Chief, . Recently, INS Parandu at Ramnad and ity to exercise air superiority in its area of Induction of these helicopters would serve The seminar was enriched by three INS Baaz at Campbell Bay, Andaman and influence. It will also decisively enhance to enhance the fleet’s integral air ASW capa- scintillating presentations. Paper I -‘A , have also been commis- the core of Indian Navy’s striking power. bility and meet utility requirements. Addi- Look at the Wake, Before the Great Leap sioned in March 2009 and July 2012 respec- The men and machine have successfully tional unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are Forward’ was presented by Admiral (Retd) tively, to enhance Indian Navy’s strategic completed all tasks and trials assigned also being procured to bolster our coastal ; Paper II – ‘Ground Barri- reach. These air stations provide a spring- and established its role worthiness, and surveillance capabilities. cades to Air Efficacy – A Field Perspective’ board for naval air operations in support of the MiG-29K squadron has been commis- Over the years, the naval air arm has was a lucid and analytical presentation maritime operations in our areas of interest. sioned as a frontline unit. grown from a modest force to a small air by Vice Admiral A.K. Chopra, Flag Officer The light combat aircraft (LCA-Navy) force and has in its inventory approxi- Commanding-in-Chief, Eastern Naval Com- Future Perspective is currently under development and being mately 220 aircraft, 1,300 officers and mand, while the last presentation, Paper Naval aviation is poised to grow further progressed towards ski-jump trials at the 9,000 men. Further, from its early days of III – ‘Integration of Potent Air Assets into with the induction of new and capable air- shore-based test facility (SBTF) being devel- having a single air station, it has now grown Maritime Operations of the Future’ was by craft. Close to 20 MiG-29K aircraft have oped at Goa. The LCA (Navy) together with to encompass eight air stations. Today, it is Rear Admiral A.R. Karve, Flag Officer Com- already been inducted and the squadron the MiG-29K would form the main carrier- a multi-dimensional force comprising fight- manding . The seminar was commissioned as INAS 303 (Black Pan- borne fighter component of the Navy in the ers, helicopters, MR aircraft and UAVs with concluded by an address by the chief guest thers) on May 11, 2013, by the Defence near future. Hawk 132 advanced jet trainer the ability to support the entire spectrum Admiral (Retd) R.H. Tahiliani. SP Nuclear-powered HMS Ambush Submarine Commissioned

Built by BAE Systems at Barrow-in-Furness, the Astute class vessels represent a highly complex feat of naval engineering

n SP’s correspondent crew are immensely proud to mark the a highly complex feat of naval engineer- HMS Ambush is expected to complete sea commissioning and to see the culmination ing. Highly versatile, the submarines are trials and be formally handed over to the uclear-powered fleet sub- of many months of hard work readying capable of contributing across a broad operational control of the Royal Navy later marine HMS Ambush was com- HMS Ambush for service with the Royal spectrum of maritime operations around this year. missioned into the Royal Navy Navy. HMS Ambush’s crew is now looking the globe. As the home of the UK subma- HMS Ambush cost around £1 billion on March 1, 2013, during a cer- forward to the challenges ahead and to rine service, all seven of the Astute class (about $1.5 billion) to build, has very sensi- emony overseen by the subma- exploring the full range of the submarine’s vessels will eventually be ported at HM tive sonar and can carry a payload of 38 Nrine’s crew, naval base, workers and around capabilities before it enters full operational Naval Base Clyde. The first of class, HMS launchers to include Tomahawk Block IV 500 invited guests. Among the dignitaries service later this year”. Astute, entered service with the Royal land-attack cruise missiles and Spearfish attending the event was the First Sea Lord, Built by BAE Systems at Barrow-in- Navy in August 2010 with HMS Ambush wire-guided heavyweight torpedoes. Tom- Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, and the vessel’s Furness, the Astute class vessels represent joining it at Faslane in September 2012. ahawk can strike at a range of 1,000 km sponsor, Lady Anne Soar, who were joined with pinpoint accuracy. More than 39,000 Photograph: BAE Systems by representatives from the City of Derby, acoustic tiles mask the vessel’s sonar sig- the submarine’s affiliated town. Ambush heads for nature, giving it superior stealth quality Speaking on the occasion, Admiral Sir open water previously not seen in the Royal Navy. Mark Stanhope said: “It is my great plea- Media has speculated that due its stealth, sure to welcome HMS Ambush into the Astute class of submarines make less noise Royal Navy Fleet during this important and than a baby dolphin. The submarines also noteworthy occasion. HMS Ambush is the have Atlas Hydrographic DESO 25 high- second of the Royal Navy’s Astute Class precision echo sounders, two CM010 non- submarines. These vessels represent the hull-penetrating optronic masts which cutting-edge of military technology and the carry thermal imaging and low-light TV future of United Kingdom submarine oper- and colour CCD TV sensors, making the ations for many years to come. The Astute use of periscope redundant. For detecting class vessels will contribute significantly to enemy ships and submarines, the Astute our mission of protecting the UK’s inter- class are equipped with the sophisticated ests worldwide.” Thales Underwater Systems Sonar 2076, an Launched on January 5, 2011, at BAE integrated passive/active search and attack Systems shipyard at Barrow-in-Furness, sonar suite with bow, intercept, flank and HMS Ambush arrived at her home port of towed arrays. The submarine’s range is HM Naval Base Clyde on September 19, only limited by food and maintenance 2012. Since then it has undergone exten- requirements. She has enough nuclear fuel sive sea trials. Commenting on the occa- to carry on cruising for up to 25 years non- sion of the submarine’s commissioning, stop. Its decibel level is so low that it can Commanding Officer of HMS Ambush, virtually sneak along the enemy’s coastline Commander Peter Green, said that “the undetected to land Special Forces. SP

3/2013 11  SP’s Exclusive Technology Perspective and Capability Roadmap 2013

Photograph: Indian Navy n SP’s special correspondent nated through this document, the indus- try may undertake capability and capac- he Integrated Defence ity building so as to cut down on the time Staff has released an updat- period for the acquisition cycle,” it offers. ed Technology Perspective and The document also lays marked empha- Capability Roadmap (TPCR) sis on the need to indigenise and make 2013, the second in two years, Indian products for the armed forces the Tthat covers the expansive wish list of tech- norm. It indicates that the Indian armed nologies and capabilities that the armed forces have identified technologies required forces intend to acquire either indigenous- to be inducted in development of future ly or from abroad in the course of the capability. The Defence Procurement Pro- next 15 years. It is, in effect, the unclas- cedure has articulated the means of obtain- sified version of the long-term integrated ing these either through the ‘Buy (Indian)’, perspective plan (LTIPP) that seeks to ‘Buy (Global),’ ‘Buy and Make’, ‘Make’ or the synergise requirements and capabilities newly introduced ‘Buy and Make (Indian)’ between the three armed forces and the categories. The country has had to perforce Indian Coast Guard in a manner that lends resort to ‘Buy (Global)’ option in the past to jointmanship, efficiency, lethality and due to a host of reasons, which has been economy of resources. an expensive proposition. Over-reliance The document lays down its intended on imported hardware has the potential to purpose thus: induction of new weapon INS Satpura compromise on the country’s defence pre- systems is cost and time intensive; building paredness in times of crisis, through impo- complex platforms like ships, submarines, sition of various technology denial regimes tanks and fighter jets has a long lead time It is, in effect, a reference guide of inter- MoD stresses that it hopes that this would by the supplier. Self-reliance is, without a which is constantly challenged by the race est to industry, developers, solution provid- address the industry’s concern about a level doubt, the spirit of the document. to keep up with the relentless march of ers and vendors both in India and abroad. playing field. “On the part of industry, it is Lead time for naval platforms is by far technology. It is therefore imperative that In the words of the Ministry of Defence expected that this document will encour- the maximum among the three services, the long-term requirement of capability be (MoD), this is a document attempting to age them to put forth firm proposals for necessitating far greater foresight for identified and understood for appropriate create awareness in industry of the capa- participating in the self-reliance process in asset accretion. In fact, the Navy’s current technology to be developed indigenously. bility and technology requirement of the terms of research and development (R&D), depleting submarine strength is the result The TPCR intends to provide the industry armed forces, and will be regularly updated production and product support commit- of a combination of factors that hamstrung an overview of the direction in which the as and when plans are revised and would ments. It is also envisaged that the industry planners at a crucial phase. The TCPR on armed forces intend to head in terms of therefore attempt to provide the latest would be proactive and in future suggest maritime technologies, therefore, is partic- capability over the next 15 years, which inputs on the Technology Perspective and options to the armed forces vis-à-vis their ularly focused on futuristic technologies, in turn would drive the technology in the Capability Requirement of the armed forces capabilities and available technologies. keeping in mind the lead time necessary to developmental process. over a 15-year period. Interestingly, the Taking a cue from the information dissemi- bring assets into the Navy. SP Indian Navy and Coast Guard’s 15-year Warfare Capability

n SP’s special correspondent explosives tailor-made to meet symmetric the water to scan large areas for extended achieve two-way real-time communications and asymmetric threats, small arms simula- periods of time. with submarines at operational depths, he document starts by talk- tors and indoor combat work-up stations The TPCR document also lists the fol- says the document, adding, this technol- ing about air-launched anti-sub- for conduct of work-up and training, mine lowing as significant for maritime war- ogy would also offer exchange of data at marine warfare weapons, which countermeasures and explosive ordnance fare: ship-launched/recovered UAVs and very high rates. On the amphibious aircraft would include the development disposal related equipment, intelligence UCAVs with integrated radars/IR/Laser/ front, the document says that these need of supercavitating air-launched surveillance reconnaissance (ISR) equip- video surveillance system, Laser based to be developed for missions like intelli- Tunderwater weapons including high speed ment, equipment for conduct of underwater wake detection capability, low frequency gence gathering, high availability disaster torpedoes with extended ranges, light- salvage operations, recompression cham- transducers for underwater detection, sur- recovery (HADR), search and rescue (SAR), weight air-launched intelligent mines, air- bers (RCCs) and associated systems. face-to-subsurface strike capabilities com- logistics and communication duties in fleet launched torpedoes with ranges greater In the realm of coastal security, the prising development of long-, short- and support, along with conventional aircraft than 15 km, intelligent air-launched tor- technologies of interest include unmanned medium-range supercavitating torpedoes, carrier. It also calls for unmanned under- pedoes with loiter and self-detection capa- surface vessels (USVs) for investigation with active homing heads, development of water vehicles (UUVs), where technology bilities and weaponisation of UAVs with of contacts and patrolling, mobile radar ship fitted guns and mountings with lim- in the field of unmanned vehicles can also precision-guided ammunition and missiles. and AIS systems to cover gaps along the ited surface attack capability to engage be used to develop UUVs which could be In the sphere of special operations and coast, capability to track all vessels at sea unarmed merchant shipping, beach soften- used as small, high-speed submarine hunt- diving, the technology that the Navy would in region (IOR), capability ing, anti-air defence, including the close-in ers, or mine clearance. “The next genera- be interested in include battle manage- to distinguish rogue vessels by contact weapon system gun mounts (like the Ray- tion of submarines could carry a number ment systems for integration of the special motion analysis (CMA) and other methods theon Phalanx on the INS Jalashwa) capable of UUVs capable of penetrating shallow riv- operation elements with other naval com- of analysis from the track data, modern of engaging the low flying sea skimming ers or canals while the mother submarine ponents in a network-centric environment, high definition radars, better optical sights missiles, with fire control systems for tar- lies safely out in deeper water. The UUVs hands-free secure real-time voice and data and night vision devices. Constant under- get acquisition and target identification, could also be used as forward sensors, as transmitting equipment for tactical and water surveillance will form an important improved ammunition with limited preci- a means to detect minefields or as weapon area communication, special purpose craft, part of Indian Navy’s ability to protect its sion guidance for increasing the range and carriers,” the document suggests. On the rigid-hulled inflatable boats, vehicles and vessels, personnel and underwater inter- lethality of SR/MR guns, towed array, vari- underwater surveillance front, the thrust other associated systems for special opera- est from hostile submarines. The Sea able depth and seabed surveillance sonar in future should be towards development tion teams, IR/thermal and optical sights Glider can be used to monitor shallow- systems and development of higher accu- of advanced sonars. In the longer term, it for observation and assault, sniper area water environments from fixed positions racy RLG based INS systems. Laser com- may be possible to depict objects in three

SP www.spsnavalforces.net weapons, special operations equipment and on the ocean floor or by moving through munications could be adopted in future to dimensions using laser technology.

12 3/2013 Sp’s exclusive news News in Brief

By SP’s Special Correspondent lite type technologies will before long be reconnaissance, maritime search and res- Defence Ministry, the selected consultant under consideration for the future. cue, interdiction and anti-piracy/counter- will be required to prepare a Master Plan Arihant heads for sea trials terror. The flexibility and capabilities of for the entire site and DPR for setting up Vikramaditya on final trials the US-2 offer the Indian Navy the first ever the first phase of infrastructure. The Mas- In what is hoped will be the beleaguered such capability in the history of its air arm. ter Plan will be prepared in such a manner Vikramaditya aircraft carrier’s final set that Nirdesh grows into an environment- of trials before it is handed to the Indian Navy for bomb disposal robots friendly, green campus, without disturb- Navy, the much refurbished vessel, for- ing the livelihood of the nearby villagers. merly Admiral Gorshkov, is now in the White Sea. The 45,000-tonne Kiev class Seagull Squadron gets first P-8I “aviation cruiser” will be put through a routine of rigorous test points over three months at the hands of a crew from Rus- India’s first nuclear submarine, the Arihant, sia’s North Fleet, before it is brought back will enter a phase of sea trials this year, to its home dock at Severodvinsk where the DRDO’s new chief Dr Avinash Chander it will be ceremonially handed over to an has said, expressing confidence that there Indian Navy crew by the end of the year. would be no more delays in the landmark The Indian Navy has announced interest in effort. The submarine is currently in an INS Trikand commissioned procuring four remotely-operated vehicles extended phase of harbour and systems With the commissioning of the INS Trikand for explosive ordnance disposal purposes. trials. The boat’s pressure water nuclear stealth , the follow-on Talwar class Declaring its interest, the Navy has said The Indian Navy has proudly welcomed its reactor is yet to be tested, and this could acquisition is complete. The Trikand was it requires these EOD ROVs for “safe dis- newest beast: a gleaming Boeing P-8I (unof- take a few more months before scientists commissioned into the Navy in Kalinin- posal/neutralisation of improvised explo- ficially designated Neptune, but is yet to and engineers at the Shipbuilding Centre grad, Russia, by Vice Admiral R.K. Dhowan, sive devices found within naval shore/ receive its official Indian name), the first of (SBC) in Visakhapatnam achieve the con- the Vice Chief of the Naval Staff. Trikand’s afloat establishments”. The Navy has stip- eight aircraft that will be the frontline of fidence levels required to put the Arihant sister ships INS Teg and INS Tarkash ulated that the ROV should be versatile the Navy’s eyes in the sky over water, in all- out to sea for confirmatory sea trials. In entered service last year and are deployed with high manoeuvrability to allow opera- weather day or night for extended missions. August last year, then Navy Chief Admiral operationally with the Navy’s Western tion in built up areas and field terrain and The Indian Navy is also considering exercis- Nirmal Verma had said, “We’re pretty close Fleet based out of Mumbai. The keel of INS confined spaces such as in ships, aircraft, ing options for four more aircraft. Based out to putting her to sea. In submarine design, Trikand was laid on June 11, 2008, and the buses and trains. In addition, it should be of a squadron at INS Rajali in Arakkonam, there’s an element of unpredictability. It’s ship was launched on May 25, 2011. able to climb stairs (stair height 8”). Like , the brand-new aircraft, bearing a hugely complex exercise. Sometimes, most modern ROVs deployed in field areas the squadron’s Seagull insignia, will be bro- unexpected problems do come up. But I Indian Navy flotilla in Philippines in West Asian theatres, the Navy wants ken into operations next month. It will be can say that in the next few months, she’ll As maritime tensions intensify between its prospective bomb-disposal robots to joined by the next two aircraft this year, fol- be ready for sea trials.” China and the Philippines, four Indian war- be fitted with a manipulator arm with a lowed by the remaining five spread across ships are now on a goodwill visit to the lat- gripper claw; should be wheel driven with 2014-15. That the P-8I was handed over to India-Russia’s 2nd N-sub lease ter nation in what is being interpreted as a replaceable and removable tracks. the Navy ahead of schedule, has brought subtle message to Beijing. Coming shortly in a much needed feel-good factor, and it after Defence Minister A.K. Antony’s visit Navy for heavy torpedoes is auspicious as the platform was delivered to Singapore, Thailand and Australia, pre- as the Navy just completed celebrations of ceded by Prime Minister Manmohan Singh’s Naval Aviation’s 60th year. visit to Japan and Thailand, the Indian Navy’s maritime diplomatic mission is seen Navy for new Fleet Support Ships to be topping off goodwill and ties in the In line with expanding responsibilities, a Indian Ocean as a counter to China’s grow- sharp increase in number of vessels over ing assertiveness in the maritime domain. the next few years, and a larger mandate in the Indian Ocean region; the Indian India and Russia are to shortly begin nego- India & Japan home in on US-2 Navy has announced an effort to acquire tiations on the least of a second nuclear five new fleet support ships under the attack submarine for the Indian Navy. In The Indian Navy is in the market for new ‘global buy’ category. The Navy has stipu- April last year, the Navy welcomed the heavyweight torpedoes with “state-of-the- lated that it requires ships with displace- INS Chakra into service in Visakhapatnam, art technology of calibre 534.4mm and ment of 40,000 tonnes in fully loaded con- an Akula-II class boat. The second boat is length not exceeding 7,800mm, to be fired dition, 200 metres long and a maximum likely to be the completed, updated Iribis, from existing torpedo tubes of ships”. The beam of 25 metres. The Navy also requires an Akula that was only half constructed but Navy has been looking to acquire new torpe- its new ships to be capable of speeds “not abandoned as a result of paucity of funds. does for years and the current acquisition less than 20 knots of maximum continu- In 2003, original negotiations between will be in line with that. The Navy is already ous speed, at ambient temperatures up India and Russia had envisaged the leasing on the verge of signing a deal for 98 Fin- to 40 degree centigrade, in the fully laden of two submarines—both the Nerpa and Iri- On May 29 in Tokyo, India and Japan meccanica WASS Blackshark heavyweight condition up to Sea State 3 and while less bis, though the latter was finally dropped, decided to establish a Joint Working Group torpedoes for its Scorpene submarines, than six months out of dock”. while Nerpa became the Navy’s second INS (JWG) to explore modality for the coopera- a deal that appears now to be delayed by Chakra. The Iribis, which goes with the tion on the US-2 amphibian aircraft. The the entire Finmeccanica controversy that’s MiG-29K Squadron commissioned working title Chakra III for the moment, landmark agreement, which sees Japan for already taken a toll on the AgustaWestland Three years after they began arriving in the will be the second of a plan of three nuclear the first time agree to consider exporting VVIP copter contract progress. The Indian country, the Indian Navy’s MiG-29K/KUB attack submarines the Navy has planned dual-use equipment for use by the Indian Navy needs the new heavyweight torpedoes ship-borne multi-role fighters finally have for, in addition to five ballistic missile boats military, does not specify a user, but it is for its P28 class of anti-submarine warfare a home squadron: INAS 303 ‘Black Pan- of the Arihant and Arihant+ class. The INS well known that the Indian Navy has been , the first of which is to be deliv- thers’ at INS Hansa, Dabolim. Commanded Chakra currently in service with the Navy’s in the international market since January ered to the Navy by the end of this year. by A.D. Theophilus, the new has been on nearly non-stop 2011 for at least 15 amphibian aircraft. The DRDO’s own heavyweight torpedo Var- squadron will spend the next eight months patrol since its induction in April last year, The ShinMaywa US-2, pitched as the most unastra is undergoing trials at this time continuing training and routing flying and the Navy is reported to be very satisfied capable amphibian around, is costlier than and is likely to be ready for integration on from the Dabolim airfield before beginning with its capabilities and performance. comparable competitors, and comes with platforms by 2016. ship-borne operations on the INS Vikrama- it the export restrictions that are part of ditya early next year after the ship is deliv- MBDA’s CVS302 HOPLITE unveiled Japan’s constitution. However, negotiations Project Nirdesh moves ahead ered. The Indian Navy has ordered 45 MiG- Drawing a great degree of attention and have led to the company and the Japanese The country’s indigenous shipbuilding 29K/KUBs—enough for two squadrons of interest at the Paris Air Show 2013 was Government agreeing to work with India on infrastructure and know-how will be con- the frontline maritime fighter. A second MBDA’s in-development CVS302 Hoplite, hammering out the modalities. India’s own solidated soon, with the Nirdesh project squadron will be raised once deliveries are an indirect precision attack (IPA) capabil- track record in use of military equipment moving swiftly ahead. Tenders have been complete. Operations will also begin off ity for land and naval artillery for forces has gone a long way in achieving this. The floated for the Master Plan and detailed the shore-based test facility shortly. SP operating in 2035 and beyond. With the Indian Navy requires amphibious aircraft project report (DPR) for Nirdesh, short Indian Navy and Army weighing new tech- for operations in its island territories in the for the proposed National Institute for For complete versions, log on to: nologies and systems, especially in the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal for the entire Research in Defence Shipbuilding at Chali- www.spsnavalforces.net & realm of artillery and indirect attack, Hop- gamut of operations, including surveillance, yam near . According to the www.spsmai.com

3/2013 13  News / regional News in Brief

Astrium signs contract with South plants feature new radios; an IFF and a cabin The X-47B spent several weeks aboard Singaporean Minister of Defence Korean space agency area equipped with tactical tables and com- aircraft carriers in recent months. The Navy inaugurates IMDEX Asia 2013 Astrium, Europe’s leading space technology munications equipment for the crew. Both UCAS programme successfully completed company, has recently signed a contract aircraft, to be easily reconfigured into cargo, CVN deck operations aboard USS Harry S. with the Korean Aerospace Research Insti- will be used for utility roles, personnel and Truman (CVN 75) in December 2012 and tute (KARI), the South Korean space agency. cargo logistic transport. aboard Bush in May. During the May under- Under the terms of this contract, Astrium way period, the X-47B completed its first-ever and KARI will jointly design and manufac- Netherlands military partnership catapult launch. Since May, the integrated ture the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager with China expanded test team conducted a number of shore- II (GOCI-II) for the future Korean mission The Netherlands Defence Ministry has based arrestments at Pax River in prepara- GEO Kompsat 2B, scheduled for launch in announced that military partnership with tion for the demonstration aboard the ship. 2019. The GOCI-II is designed to contrib- the Chinese armed forces is to be expanded. ute to a number of services associated with The idea is to strengthen maritime coop- Israel is among the global leaders meteorology, ecology, fishing. eration in particular. The navies of the two in defence export Singapore’s Minister of Defence Dr Ng Eng countries already work in partnership on According to information given by the Hen presided the opening ceremony of the INDRA’s ADS-B Airspace Surveillance combating piracy off the coast of Somalia. Israeli Ministry of Defense Israel is among ninth International Maritime Defence Exhi- Systems for Mongolia The Netherlands participates here in the the top 10 security exporters, 25 per cent bition & Conference (IMDEX) Asia 2013 at The Mongolian Civil Aviation Authority anti-piracy missions of the EU and NATO. of the exports being missile technologies the Changi Exhibition Centre, Singapore. (MCAA) has awarded a contract to Indra to To strengthen the ties, a Chinese task force and air defense systems. Sixty-one delegations from the navies, air deploy Automatic Dependent Surveillance- will visit HMS Johan de Witt for a few days Head of the Defense Exports and forces and maritime enforcement agen- Broadcast (ADS-B) systems at various points in November. This amphibian transport Defense Cooperation division (SIBAT) in cies of 48 countries and 194 exhibitors in the country with the aim of strengthen- ship of the Royal Marines is then taking the Israeli Ministry of Defense, Brigadier from around the world, participated in this ing its airspace surveillance capacity. The over the command of the EU anti-piracy General (Res.) Shmaia Avieli, revealed that year’s exhibition. ADS-B systems will strengthen the surveil- mission Atalanta for the Horn of Africa. in 2012 Israeli announced that defence Speaking at the opening ceremony, lance of air movements and air security in exports were worth $7.5 billion. Briga- Dr Ng said that countries need to take a Mongolia. They will also complement the X-47B UCAS makes first arrested dier General (Res.) Avieli said that secu- more collaborative approach anchored on Mode S MSSR radar surveillance systems landing at sea rity exports comprise 10 per cent of the three principles: First, platforms for dia- the company has deployed in Mongolia, total Israeli industrial exports (excluding logue and cooperation had to be open and which are now in service. diamonds), while 71 per cent of the total inclusive. Second, disagreements between security production is meant for export. states should be settled peacefully and in Thales’ anti-aircraft radar Most of the Israeli defence exports—worth accordance with international law. Finally, systems for UAE around $4 billion went to Asia and the countries must strengthen practical coop- The French Defence Ministry has announced Pacific. The remaining exports were for eration in areas of shared interest to build that United Arab Emirates has ordered 17 European countries, the US, Canada, Latin understanding, if not trust. Grand Master (GM) 200 medium-range anti- America and Africa. After the opening ceremony, Dr Ng vis- aircraft radar systems from French firm ited some of the foreign warships taking Thales for about €300 million ($397 mil- Saab signs contract for Skeldar part in the IMDEX Asia 2013 Warships Dis- lion). The contract for two French military UAS for maritime operations play at Changi Naval Base. A total of 15 war- surveillance satellites for €700 million (about The X-47B unmanned combat air system ships from nine countries took part in the $927.2) had been signed a day earlier. (UCAS) demonstrator completed its first IMDEX Asia 2013 Warships Display, which GM200 is a very effective air defence radar. carrier-based arrested landing on board was hosted by the Republic of Singapore USS George H.W. Bush (CVN) off the coast Navy (RSN) from May 14 to 16, 2013. Philippine Coast Guard to buy of Virginia on July 10. In conjunction with IMDEX Asia 2013, ex-French Navy patrol ship The demonstration was the first time the RSN also hosted the Maritime Informa- The Philippine Coast Guard (PCG) is set to a tailless, unmanned autonomous aircraft tion-Sharing Exercise (MARISX) 2013 and acquire a former French Navy vessel worth landed on a modern aircraft carrier. This the Fourth Western Pacific Naval Sympo- €6 million to boost its offshore patrol test marks an historic event for naval avia- sium Multilateral Sea Exercise (4th WMSX) capabilities in the West Philippine Sea. The tion that Navy leaders believe will impact at the Multinational Operations and Exer- PCG is looking forward to this new acquisi- the way the Navy integrates manned and cises Centre located in the Changi Com- tion that is expected to boost its capabil- unmanned aircraft on the carrier flight Defence and security company Saab has mand and Control Centre. ity for maritime search and rescue opera- deck in the future. signed a contract to deploy the Skeldar tions, maritime law enforcement, maritime “Today we witnessed the capstone unmanned aerial system (UAS) for maritime China’s carrier-borne jet pilots safety, maritime environmental protection moment for the Navy UCAS programme as operations. Skeldar UAS will be operationally receive certification and maritime security. The vessel will be the team flawlessly performed integrated deployed with the customer before the end China’s first group of five pilots and land- deployed to places like the West Philippine carrier operations aboard USS George H.W. of this year and will be used in naval opera- ing signal officers received their certifica- Sea, Northern Luzon, and Southern Mind- Bush with the X-47B aircraft,” said Captain tions where the benefits of a vertical take-off tions in the latest sea trials of the Liaoning, anao. The Tapaguese has a built-in 40-mil- Jaime Engdahl, Navy UCAS Program Man- and landing UAS are most prominent. the country’s first aircraft carrier. During limetre anti-aircraft gun, a 20-millimetre ager. “Our precision landing performance, Skeldar is a flexible multi-mission sys- the training, pilots executed several con- anti-aircraft cannon, and two 7.62-millime- advanced autonomous flight controls and tem set to successfully meet mission objec- tinuous take-off and landing exercises, tre machine guns. digital carrier air traffic control environ- tives on land or at sea. It is based on the making China one of the few countries in ment are a testament to the innovation same smart design and innovative tech- the world that can train its own carrier- First ATR72-600 TMUA delivered to and technical excellence of the Navy and nological solutions that have become the borne jet pilots. The pilots flew J-15 which Turkish Navy Northrop Grumman team.” trademark for Saab’s aeronautical products is China’s first-generation multi-purpose The July 10 landing was the beginning and systems. carrier-borne fighter jet, and completed of the final part of three at-sea test peri- “Skeldar UAS is an excellent choice for China’s first training mission stationed ods for X-47B during the last eight months, maritime operations thanks to its high aboard the carrier as well as the first 105- culminating a decade of Navy unmanned flight performance, heavy fuel engine and metre short-distance ski-jump take-off integration efforts that show the Navy’s easy-to-maintenance design. We continu- exercises which was an important break- readiness to move forward with unmanned ously improve the system with the integra- through during the sea trials. carrier aviation says Rear Adm. Mat Winter, tion of new sensors and different payload who oversees the Program Executive Office according to customer needs,” says Lennart- Gripen’s naval version for Unmanned Aviation and Strike Weap- Sindahl, Head of Saab’s Business Area Aero- Besides Brazil, Saab has identified future ons in Patuxent River, Maryland. nautics. The industry’s nature is such that demand for naval fighters in countries like The X-47B completed the 35-minute depending on circumstances concerning the India, Italy and the UK, which in the com- Alenia Aermacchi has delivered the first transit from Pax River to the carrier and product and customer, information regard- ing years will be commissioning new air- ATR72-600 Turkish Maritime Utility Air- caught the 3 wire with the aircraft’s tail- ing the customer will not be announced. craft carriers. According to Saab, there is a craft (TMUA) to the Turkish Navy, the first hook. The arrested landing effectively Saab serves the global market with real and viable market for this type of air- of a total order of eight ATR72s, which con- brought the aircraft from approximately world-leading products, services and solu- craft. Aiming on this market, the company sist of two TMUAs and six ATR72-600 TMPA 145 knots to stop in less than 350 feet. tions ranging from military defence to civil is already developing a naval version of -Turkish maritime patrol and anti-sub- Shortly after the initial landing, the aircraft security. Saab has operations and employ- JAS-39 Gripen, which aims to be a variant marine warfare aircraft. Compared to the was launched off the ship using the carri- ees on all continents and constantly devel- of its newest product, the Gripen NG (next ATR 72-600 basic platform, the two ATR72 er’s catapult. The X-47B then proceeded to ops, adopts and improves new technology generation). This new version was named

SP www.spsnavalforces.net TMUA, modified at Alenia Aermacchi’s execute one more arrested landing. to meet customers’ changing needs. Sea Gripen.

14 3/2013 News / india

Antony’s three nation tour was reviewed by Rear Admiral G. Ashok Appointments Kumar, Chief of Staff, HQSNC on July 12, at Publisher and Editor-in-Chief the Naval Base. Jayant Baranwal zz Rear Admiral A.R. Karve, Flag Offi- The Director General Coast Guard Tro- Assistant Group Editor cer Commanding, Western Fleet, on R. Chandrakanth phy for the best all rounder was awarded promotion to Vice Admiral has been to Lt Cdr Rajesh S. Rao, who was also appointed as Chief of Staff, Western Senior Editorial Adviser R. Adm (Retd) S.K. Ramsay adjudged first in the order of merit amongst Naval Command. Senior Technical Group Editor zz Rear Admiral K.B. Singh, Flag Officer the Air Electrical Officers. Lt Nitin Manocha Lt General (Retd) Naresh Chand was adjudged first in the order of merit Commanding, and Guja- Air Marshal (Retd) B.K. Pandey amongst Air Engineer Officers and was rat Area, on promotion to Vice Admi- ral, has been appointed as Director Contributing Editor awarded HAL trophy. Venduruthy trophy General, Project Seabird. Lt General (Retd) V.K. Kapoor for the best ATOs’ project was awarded to Air Marshal (Retd) zz Rear Admiral P. Ajit Kumar, Flag Offi- Assistant Editor Defence Minister A.K. Antony was on a the syndicate comprising Assistant Cmdt cer Commanding, Eastern Fleet, on Sucheta Das Mohapatra three nation visit to Singapore, Australia Rizwan Khan and Lt Deepak Sharma. promotion to Vice Admiral has been and Thailand, from June 3-6. In the first leg, appointed as Chief of Staff, Southern Contributors India and Singapore signed a fresh agree- Antony reviews coastal security Naval Command. India ment to extend the use of training and Defence Minister A.K. Antony reviewed zz Rear Admiral C.S. Murthy, Director Admiral (Retd) Arun Prakash R. Adm (Retd) Raja Menon exercise facilities in India. The two sides the progress on various steps and actions General, Project Seabird, has been appointed as Flag Officer Command- Cmde C.P. Srivastava also held wide ranging of talks on defence taken to enhance coastal security on May Cmde (Retd) Sujeet Samaddar ing, Karnataka Area. cooperation. Australia was the second leg 15 in the presence of concerned authorities. Cmde (Retd) A.J. Singh zz Rear Admiral D. Bali, Officer on Special of the tour and the first ever of an Indian Antony acknowledged the action taken for Europe Duty to Flag Officer Commanding-in- Defence Minister. There were few rounds of installation of 46 coastal static radars (36 in Alan Peaford, Doug Richardson, Chief, Western Naval Command, has Andrew Brookes (UK) talks during the reception with Australian mainland and 10 in island territories) which been appointed as Director General, Defence Minister Stephen Smith where both would help in identification and monitoring Project Varsha. USA & Canada sides stressed on the strategic partnership of maritime traffic. He emphasised that fish- Lon Nordeen (USA) zz Rear Admiral A.B. Singh, Flag Officer, Anil R. Pustam (West Indies) and further strengthening of bilateral rela- ermen in the coastal states are the ‘eyes and AOB, has been appointed as Assistant West Asia/Africa Chief of Naval Staff (Policy & Plans). tions in various areas including defence. ears’ for overall coastal security. The regis- H.R. Heitman (S. Africa) Speaking on the occasion, Smith said that tration, movement and tracking of Dhows zz Rear Admiral G.S. Pabbi, Admiral Chairman & Managing Director the 2013 Australian Defence White Paper were also highlighted in view of some recent Superintendent, Naval Dockyard, Jayant Baranwal ‘outlines the profound strategic changes cases. DG, Shipping, confirmed that regis- Visakhapatnam, has been appointed as Director General, Project 75. Executive Vice President that are occurring as economic, strategic tration of Dhows is being done under MS (Planning & Business Development) and military weight shifts to our part of Act, for all active Dhows, an annual survey zz Rear Admiral A.K. Bahl, Admiral Super- Rohit Goel intendent, Naval Dockyard, Mumbai, the world, the Indo-Pacific region’. He said, certification process is also in place and all has been appointed as Flag Officer Administration & Circulation Bharti Sharma “India and Australia have a shared inter- Dhows have to be fitted with AIS. DG, Ship- (Technical), Project AOG. est in helping to address these strategic ping has also given directions to all Interna- [email protected] zz Rear Admiral Shekhar Mittal, Chief changes, including through defence collabo- tional Ship and Port Facility Security compli- Senior Art Director Staff Officer (Technical), Headquarters Anoop Kamath ration.” Smith referred to Perth as Austra- ant ports that information on the Dhows is , has been lia’s ‘Indian Ocean capital’. On the last leg of given to Navy and Coast Guard for monitor- appointed Additional Director General Design Vimlesh Kumar Yadav, Sonu Singh Bisht the tour, Antony visited Thailand where he ing/surveillance purposes. Quality Assurance (Navy). Research Assistant: Graphics zz Rear Admiral D.M. Deshpande, Direc- offered to discuss possible areas of cooper- Survi Massey ation and collaboration in defence produc- ICGS ‘Vaibhav’ commissioned tor General Project 75, has been Sales & Marketing tion. The talks between the two Ministers Indian Coast Guard Ship Vaibhav, the third appointed as Admiral Superintendent, Naval Dockyard, Mumbai. Director Sales & Marketing: Neetu Dhulia covered a wide range of issues including in the series of 90 metres class offshore General Manager: Rajeev Chugh zz Rear Admiral A.K. Saxena, Additional regional security concerns. patrol vessel (OPVs), was commissioned on Director General Quality Assurance SP’s Website May 21 at Tuticorin by Vice Admiral Anurag (Navy), has been appointed as Admi- Sr. Web Developer: Shailendra P. Ashish passing-out parade G. Thapliyal, Director General, Indian ral Superintendent, Naval Dockyard, Web Developer: Ugrashen Vishwakarma Coast Guard. This 90 metres OPV has been Visakhapatnam. Published bimonthly by Jayant Baranwal on behalf of SP Guide Publications Pvt Ltd. designed and built indigenously by GSL and zz Rear Admiral Atul Khanna, Additional All rights reserved. No part of this publication may is fitted with state-of-the-art navigation and Director General (Submarine Design be reproduced, stored in a retrieval communication equipment, sensors and Group), has been appointed as Chief system, or transmitted in any form or by any machineries. The ship is designed to carry Staff Officer (Technical), Headquarters, means, photocopying, recording, electronic, Eastern Naval Command. one helicopter and five high speed boats or otherwise without the prior written for search and rescue, law enforcement and zz Lt General Shailesh Rohatgi, DGAFMS, permission of the publishers. on secondment to the Indian Navy has maritime patrol. The ship is also capable of Printed in India been appointed as Director General by Kala Jyothi Process Pvt Ltd carrying pollution response equipment to Medical Services (Navy) in the rank of © SP Guide Publications, 2013 combat oil spill at sea. Surgeon Vice Admiral. Subscription/ Circulation zz S. Kanugo, Principal Direc- Annual Inland: `600 • Overseas: US$180 Fourteen officers including three officers R.K. Mathur: new Defence Secretary tor, Air Material, on promotion to Rear E-mail: [email protected] from the Indian Coast Guard passed out R.K. Mathur has taken over as the new Admiral has been appointed as Assis- [email protected] tant Chief of Naval Staff (Air Material). from the Naval Institute of Aeronautical Defence Secretary from Shashi Kant Letters to the Editor Technology, Kochi, after successful com- Sharma, who took over as the Comptroller zz Rear Admiral A.K. Chawla, Assistant [email protected] Chief of Naval Staff (Policy & Plans) has pletion of the Aeronautical Specialisation and Auditor General of India. For Advertising Details, Contact: been appointed as Flag Officer Com- Course. The Naval Institute of Aeronautical [email protected] manding, Western Fleet. Technology is the largest aviation technical Maiden all-women flight [email protected] zz Rear Admiral G. Ashok Kumar, Chief SP GUIDE PUBLICATIONS PVT LTD establishment amongst the three services Recently a Coast Guard maritime recon- of Staff, Headquarters, Southern Naval and conducts over 400 training capsules naissance aircraft had taken off in the Command, has been appointed as Flag POSTAL ADDRESS per year. The passing-out parade which skies of Daman and adjoining Arabian Sea Officer Commanding, Maharashtra and Corporate Office A 133 Arjun Nagar, Opp Defence Colony, Gujarat Area. marked the culmination of 52-week course with all-women crew comprising Assistant New Delhi 110 003, India Comdt Neetu Singh Bartwal (captain of the zz Rear Admiral A.K. Jain, Flag Officer Tel: +91(11) 24644693, 24644763, 24620130 aircraft), Assistant Comdt Neha Murudkar Commanding, Karnataka Naval Area, Fax: +91 (11) 24647093 (pilot in command) and Assistant Comdt has been appointed as Flag Officer Regd Office >> SHOW CALENDAR Shristi Singh (co-pilot). This flight was a Commanding, Eastern Fleet. Fax: +91 (11) 23622942 maiden all-women flight by ICG Dornier in zz Rear Admiral J.K. Korde, Assistant E-mail: [email protected] Chief of Personnel (Administration & 27–29 August the history of Indian Coast Guard. Representative Offices Civilians), on promotion to Vice Admi- Offshore Patrol Vessels Africa BENGALURU, INDIA ral, has been appointed as Controller Air Marshal (Retd) B.K. Pandey Eko Hotel & Suites, Lagos, Nigeria Affiliation ceremony—INS Teg and of Logistics. 204, Jal Vayu Vihar, Kalyan Nagar, www.offshorepatrolvesselsafrica.com Sikh Light Infantry zz Surgeon Rear Admiral J. D’Souza, Bengaluru 560043, India. Indian Naval Ship Teg, a multi-role frigate, Tel: +91 (80) 23682204 10–13 September Command Medical Officer, Headquar- was affiliated with the Sikh Light Infan- ters, Southern Naval Command, has MOSCOW, RUSSIA DSEi try Regiment, in a solemn ceremony held been appointed as Commanding Offi- LAGUK Co., Ltd, Yuri Laskin ExCeL, London onboard INS Teg on June 20 in the presence cer, INHS Aswini. Krasnokholmskaya, Nab., www.dsei.co.uk 11/15, app. 132, Moscow 115172, Russia. zz Surgeon Commodore Girish Gupta, of the Army Chief and Colonel of the Sikh Tel: +7 (495) 911 2762, Head of Department, Pediatrics, 24–26 September Light Infantry Regiment, Flag Officer Com- Fax: +7 (495) 912 1260 Armed Forces Medical College, on pro- Maritime Reconnaissance and Surveillance manding-in-Chief, Western Naval Command motion to Surgeon Rear Admiral has www.spguidepublications.com Radisson Blu es. Hotel, Rome, Italy and Flag Officer Commanding Western been appointed as Command Medical www.spsnavalforces.net www.maritimerecon.com Fleet. An affiliation between any two units Officer, Headquarters, Southern Naval RNI Number: DELENG/2008/25836 of different services is aimed at enhanc- Command. 15–17 October ing ‘jointness’ and synergy between the zz Commodore A.S. Sethi, Director (W&S), Offshore Patrol Vessels services to better meet the ever changing Headquarters, ATVP, on promotion to Dolce Frégate Provence, Saint Cyr sur dynamics of modern warfare. Twenty five Rear Admiral has been appointed as Mer, France regiments of the Indian Army are already Additional Director General (Techni- www.offshorepatrolvessels.com cal), Project Seabird. affiliated to various ships of the Navy. SP

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