Situation Analysis of Vulnerable Children in Uganda, 2009
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Protecting Hope: Situation Analysis of Vulnerable Children in Uganda Protecting Hope: Situation Analysis of Vulnerable Children in Uganda 2009 Samuel Kalibala1 and Lynne Elson2 1Population Council 2Consultant Acknowledgements This Situation Analysis represents a joint effort of several organizations, working in close collaboration with key stakeholders from the government, non-governmental, and donor communities. The Population Council oversaw the Situation Analysis and expresses its appreciation to its partners, the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) and Mathematica Policy Research (MPR), for their technical contributions. Specifically, UBOS conducted the household survey with expertise from James Muwonge, Andrew Mukulu, Helen Namirembe Nviiri, Vincent Sennono, Simon Kyewalyanga, and Hamidu Katikajjira, together with a large team of interviewers who went to the field. Minki Chatterji and Arif Mamun of MPR, working with consultant David Kaweesa Kisitu, conducted the costing analysis of services for vulnerable children. Overall guidance for the Situation Analysis was provided by the Ministry of Gender, Labor and Social Development (MGLSD) through the National OVC Situation Analysis Steering Committee comprising Willie Otim (MGLSD), Chairperson, Dorothy Oulanyah (UNICEF), Herbert Mugumya (USAID), Franco Wandabwa (World Vision), Joyce Kadowe (Uganda AIDS Commission), Joyce Otim-Nape (NCC), Cornelius Williams (UNICEF), Stephen Kasaija (MGLSD), Grace Mayanja (CORE Initiative), and John Okiror (MGLSD), Secretary. This report was authored by Samuel Kalibala and Lynne Elson on behalf of the Population Council. The authors would also like to thank several Population Council colleagues for their inputs at various stages of the process: Deborah Weiss for overall coordination of the project; Norah Omenda for administrative support; Katie Schenk for her review of this report; Hena Khan for editing; and Sherry Hutchinson for layout. We also appreciate Judith Bakirya’s role in facilitating consensus around a definition of vulnerable children in Uganda and characterizing the response. Finally, we thank the many participants in the Situation Analysis, including the individuals, families, and organizations that shared their experiences with and views of vulnerable children in Uganda. This report was made possible through support provided by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID)/Uganda under the terms of Contract No. GHH-I-02-07-00034-00. The contents are the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. The Population Council conducts research worldwide to improve policies, programs, and products in three areas: HIV and AIDS; poverty, gender, and youth; and reproductive health. www.popcouncil.org Published in January 2010. Cover photo credit: ©2005 Heather A. Lawrence, Courtesy of Photoshare Copyright © 2010. United States Agency for International Development. Suggested citation: Kalibala, Samuel, and Lynne Elson. 2010. “Situation analysis of vulnerable children in Uganda 2009,” Final Report. New York: Population Council. This document may be reproduced in whole or in part without permission of the Population Council provided full source citation is given and the reproduction is not for commercial purposes. Table of Contents Foreword .................................................................................................................... i Abbreviations .......................................................................................................... iii 1. Executive Summary ............................................................................................. 1 2. Background .......................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Overview—The Situation of Vulnerable Children in Uganda ................................... 7 2.2 Responses to Vulnerable Children in Uganda ......................................................... 8 2.3 Situation Analysis Aim and Objectives ................................................................ 11 3. Methods .............................................................................................................. 12 3.1 Literature Review of Secondary Data Sources ...................................................... 12 3.2 Stakeholder Consultation.................................................................................... 12 3.3 Household Survey ............................................................................................. 13 3.4 Qualitative Approaches ...................................................................................... 15 3.5 Organizational Assessment and Case Studies ....................................................... 17 3.6 Cost Analysis .................................................................................................... 18 3.7 Ethical Considerations ....................................................................................... 19 3.8 Limitations ....................................................................................................... 20 4. Results ................................................................................................................ 22 4.1 Describing the Problem: Circumstances of Orphaned and Vulnerable Children ........ 22 4.2 The Response: Approaches to Addressing Circumstances of Orphaned and Vulnerable Children ................................................................................................ 35 5. Discussion .......................................................................................................... 69 Objective 1: Definition of Vulnerable Children .......................................................... 69 Objective 2: Estimate of the Magnitude and Characteristics of Vulnerable Children ...... 70 Objective 3: Approaches Currently Used to Address the Needs of Vulnerable Children . 71 Objective 4: Successful Strategies and Challenges, Focusing on the USG Funded Partners ...................................................................................................... 74 Objective 5: Determine the Costs of Delivering Support Services to Vulnerable Children ................................................................................................ 74 6. Recommendations ............................................................................................. 76 Strategy and Policy Makers ..................................................................................... 76 Program Managers and Implementers ....................................................................... 76 Community-Level Organizations .............................................................................. 77 Researchers ............................................................................................................ 78 References .............................................................................................................. 79 Appendix 1: Vulnerability Score Details ............................................................... 82 Appendix 2: Data Collection Tool for Household Survey ................................... 90 Appendix 3: Other Data Collection Tools ........................................................... 123 Appendix 4: Detailed Qualitative Data, Case Studies and Cost Data .............. 156 Appendix 5: Additional Table from Household Survey ..................................... 212 Foreword i ii Abbreviations AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AVSI Association of Volunteers in International Service CAWADISA Children and Wives of Disabled Soldiers Association CRD Community Resilience and Dialogue CBO Community-Based Organization CBT Community-Based Trainers CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CPA Core Program Area CSO Civil Society Organization CORE Communities Responding to HIV/AIDS Epidemic FIDA Federation of Women Lawyers FGD Focus Group Discussion GOU Government of Uganda HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus IGA Income Generating Activity IRC International Rescue Committee LC Local Council MEEPP Monitoring and Evaluation of the Emergency Plan Progress MGLSD Ministry of Gender, Labor and Social Development NGO Non-Governmental Organization NIU National Implementation Unit NOP National OVC Policy NSPPI National Strategic Program Plan of Interventions for Orphaned and other Vulnerable Children OVC Orphaned and other Vulnerable Children PEPFAR President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief SIDA Swedish International Development Agency TASO The AIDS Support Organization TPO Trans-cultural Psychosocial Organization iii TSO Technical Services Organization UBOS Uganda Bureau of Statistics UDHS Uganda Demographic and Health Survey UN United Nations UNAIDS Joint United Nations AIDS Program UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund UPE Universal Primary Education USAID United States Agency for International Development USG United States Government USE Universal Secondary Education UWESO Uganda Women's Effort to Save Orphaned Children WFP World Food Program WVU World Vision Uganda iv Protecting Hope: Situation Analysis of Vulnerable Children in Uganda 2009 1. Executive Summary The Government of Uganda (GOU) has focused attention on the problem of orphaned and other vulnerable children (OVC) through a number of policies, regulations, and initiatives. In 2004, the Ministry of Gender Labor and Social Development (MGLSD) developed the National OVC