Investment Policy for Fiscal Year 2021/2022 and Rescinding Resolution No
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Policy Framework for Investment
Policy Framework for Investment ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT The OECD is a unique forum where the governments of 30 democracies work together to address the economic, social and environmental challenges of globalisation. The OECD is also at the forefront of efforts to understand and to help governments respond to new developments and concerns, such as corporate governance, the information economy and the challenges of an ageing population. The Organisation provides a setting where governments can compare policy experiences, seek answers to common problems, identify good practice and work to co-ordinate domestic and international policies. The OECD member countries are: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, the Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States. The Commission of the European Communities takes part in the work of the OECD. OECD Publishing disseminates widely the results of the Organisation’s statistics gathering and research on economic, social and environmental issues, as well as the conventions, guidelines and standards agreed by its members. This work is published on the responsibility of the OECD Council. Also available in French under the title: Cadre d’action pour l’investissement © OECD 2006 No reproduction, copy, transmission or translation of this publication may be made without written permission. Applications should be sent to OECD Publishing: [email protected] or by fax (33 1) 45 24 13 91. Permission to photocopy a portion of this work should be addressed to the Centre français d'exploitation du droit de copie, 20, rue des Grands-Augustins, 75006 Paris, France ([email protected]). -
Guarantee and Embedded Options
Guarantee and embedded options Gary Finkelstein, Emma McWilliam, Paul de Beus, Rob van Leijenhorst, Steve Nagle Lotte Maas, Jiajia Cui Contact address: Contact address: Ernst & Young Life Actuarial Practice Ernst & Young Actuaries Rolls Buildings Euclideslaan 1 Fetter Lane 3584 BL Utrecht EC4A 1NH P.O. Box 3053 London 3502 GB Utrecht UNITED KINGDOM THE NETHERLANDS Tel: +44-20-7951-0176 Tel.: +31 –30-259-2224 Fax: +44-20-7951-8010 Fax: +31 –30-259-2118 email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] This Version: 27 June, 2003 Abstract Recent economic events, the changing attitude of regulators, and a possible global change in reporting to shareholders have put the options and guarantees included in today’s insurance products at the top of the list of management’s concerns. Indeed, many senior insurance executives around the world have indicated that they regard the identification, pricing, management, and valuation of guarantees and options embedded in insurance contracts as the most important and difficult financial challenge they face. On too many occasions over the years, insurance company executives have been surprised by the financial costs of embedded guarantees and options that were not properly understood. An understanding of options and guarantees has become essential to the sound financial management of insurance companies. This paper provides an introduction to the valuation of guarantees and options embedded in life insurance products. It explains the link between investment guarantees and embedded options, and consequently their measurement on a market-value basis. It also explores the implications of guarantees and options for asset and liability valuation, product pricing, and managing balance-sheet volatility. -
The Rise and Decline of Catching up Development an Experience of Russia and Latin America with Implications for Asian ‘Tigers’
Victor Krasilshchikov The Rise and Decline of Catching up Development An Experience of Russia and Latin America with Implications for Asian ‘Tigers’ ENTELEQUIA REVISTA INTERDISCIPLINAR The Rise and Decline of Catching up Development An Experience of Russia and Latin America with Implications for Asian `Tigers' by Victor Krasilshchikov Second edition, July 2008 ISBN: Pending Biblioteca Nacional de España Reg. No.: Pending Published by Entelequia. Revista Interdisciplinar (grupo Eumed´net) available at http://www.eumed.net/entelequia/en.lib.php?a=b008 Copyright belongs to its own author, acording to Creative Commons license: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 2.5 made up using OpenOffice.org THE RISE AND DECLINE OF CATCHING UP DEVELOPMENT (The Experience of Russia and Latin America with Implications for the Asian ‘Tigers’) 2nd edition By Victor Krasilshchikov About the Author: Victor Krasilshchikov (Krassilchtchikov) was born in Moscow on November 25, 1952. He graduated from the economic faculty of Moscow State University. He obtained the degrees of Ph.D. (1982) and Dr. of Sciences (2002) in economics. He works at the Centre for Development Studies, Institute of World Economy and International Relations (IMEMO), Russian Academy of Sciences. He is convener of the working group “Transformations in the World System – Comparative Studies in Development” of European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI – www.eadi.org) and author of three books (in Russian) and many articles (in Russian, English, and Spanish). 2008 THE RISE AND DECLINE OF CATCHING UP DEVELOPMENT Entelequia.Revista Interdisciplinar Victor Krasilshchikov / 2 THE RISE AND DECLINE OF CATCHING UP DEVELOPMENT C O N T E N T S Abbreviations 5 Preface and Acknowledgements 7 PART 1. -
Convertible Bond Investing Brochure (PDF)
Convertible bond investing Invesco’s Convertible Securities Strategy 1 Introduction to convertible bonds A primer Convertible securities provide investors the opportunity to participate in the upside of stock markets while also offering potential downside protection. Because convertibles possess both stock- and bond-like attributes, they may be particularly useful in minimizing risk in a portfolio. The following is an introduction to convertibles, how they exhibit characteristics of both stocks and bonds, and where convertibles may fit in a diversified portfolio. Reasons for investing in convertibles Through their combination of stock and bond characteristics, convertibles may offer the following potential advantages over traditional stock and bond instruments: • Yield advantage over stocks • More exposure to market gains than market losses • Historically attractive risk-adjusted returns • Better risk-return profile • Lower interest rate risk Introduction to convertibles A convertible bond is a corporate bond that has the added feature of being convertible into a fixed number of shares of common stock. As a hybrid security, convertibles have the potential to offer equity-like returns due to their stock component with potentially less volatility due to their bond-like features. Convertibles are also higher in the capital structure than common stock, which means that companies must fulfill their obligations to convertible bondholders before stockholders. It is important to note that convertibles are subject to interest rate and credit risks that are applicable to traditional bonds. Simplified convertible structure Bond Call option Convertible Source: BofA Merrill Lynch Convertible Research. The bond feature of these securities comes from their stated interest rate and claim to principal. -
VALUATION of CALLABLE BONDS: the SALOMON BROTHERS APPROACH Fernando Daniel Rubio Fernández
VALUATION OF CALLABLE BONDS: THE SALOMON BROTHERS APPROACH Fernando Daniel Rubio Fernández VALUATION OF CALLABLE BONDS: THE SALOMON BROTHERS APPROACH FERNANDO RUBIO1 Director FERNCAPITAL S.A. and Invited Professor at the Graduated Business School Universidad de Valparaíso, Chile. Pasaje La Paz 1302, Viña del Mar, Chile. Phone (56) (32) 507507 EXTRACT This paper explain, analyze and apply in an example the original paper developed by Kopprasch, Boyce, Koenigsberg, Tatevossian, and Yampol (1987) from The Salomon Brothers Inc. Bond Portfolio Analysis Group. Please, be aware. This paper is for educational issues only. There is a Spanish version in EconWPA. JEL Classification: G10, G15, G21, G32. Keywords: Salomon Brothers, bond portfolio, duration and convexity, effective duration, valuation, callable and non callable bond. Originally developed January, 1999 Originally published October, 2004 This update July, 2005 1 This paper was made while I was assisting to the Doctoral Programme in Financial Economics, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain. Comments and suggestions will be appreciated. Please, send them by e-mail to [email protected] [email protected] 1 VALUATION OF CALLABLE BONDS: THE SALOMON BROTHERS APPROACH Fernando Daniel Rubio Fernández VALUATION OF CALLABLE BONDS: THE SALOMON BROTHERS APPROACH By Professor Dr. © Fernando Rubio 1 DURATION AND CONVEXITY FOR NORMAL (NO CALLABLE) BONDS Bonds are fixed income investments that have a fixed interest rate or coupon, payable on the principal amount. All fixed income investments are evidence of indebtedness which represent a loan or debt between the issuer and the owner or holder of the security. The value of any bond is the present value of its expected cash flows. -
The United States Foreign Investment Policy: Conflict of Principles in Cfius Reform
THE UNITED STATES FOREIGN INVESTMENT POLICY: CONFLICT OF PRINCIPLES IN CFIUS REFORM Edna Aparecida da Silva* ABSTRACT The text deals with the relation between foreign investment and security in the domestic debate in the United States. Arguments based on the notion of “economic security” suggest the adoption of protectionist mea- sures that would represent a rupture in terms of the principles and the liberal bias that distinguish the foreign investment policy in the U.S. since the post-war. These concerns led to the approval of the Foreign Investment and National Security Act (FINSA) in 2007 that reformed the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States, responsible for monitoring and investigating mergers and acquisitions of U.S. companies by foreign inves- tors, based on the implications for national security. It is observed the defense of the traditional policy of open doors by the Executive and the Treasury Department, because of the systemic implications and the sensitivity of the U.S. to economic interdependence. However, the debate has generated effects on the behavior of other actors in the international system, such as “investment protectionism” in OECD countries, and as with the rela- tion between trade and investment that guided the United States strategies in the GATT/WTO negotiations, the axis “investment and security” will possibly affect multilateral negotiations. Therefore, this article analyzes the concept of economic security, identifies positions on domestic policy on the reform of CFIUS since its creation in 1970 until the reform of 2007, and discusses their significance from the standpoint of international politics. RESUMO O texto trata da relação entre investimento estrangeiro e segurança no debate doméstico nos Estados Unidos. -
Credit Derivatives Handbook
08 February 2007 Fixed Income Research http://www.credit-suisse.com/researchandanalytics Credit Derivatives Handbook Credit Strategy Contributors Ira Jersey +1 212 325 4674 [email protected] Alex Makedon +1 212 538 8340 [email protected] David Lee +1 212 325 6693 [email protected] This is the second edition of our Credit Derivatives Handbook. With the continuous growth of the derivatives market and new participants entering daily, the Handbook has become one of our most requested publications. Our goal is to make this publication as useful and as user friendly as possible, with information to analyze instruments and unique situations arising from market action. Since we first published the Handbook, new innovations have been developed in the credit derivatives market that have gone hand in hand with its exponential growth. New information included in this edition includes CDS Orphaning, Cash Settlement of Single-Name CDS, Variance Swaps, and more. We have broken the information into several convenient sections entitled "Credit Default Swap Products and Evaluation”, “Credit Default Swaptions and Instruments with Optionality”, “Capital Structure Arbitrage”, and “Structure Products: Baskets and Index Tranches.” We hope this publication is useful for those with various levels of experience ranging from novices to long-time practitioners, and we welcome feedback on any topics of interest. FOR IMPORTANT DISCLOSURE INFORMATION relating to analyst certification, the Firm’s rating system, and potential conflicts -
Investment Policy Manual
INVESTMENT POLICY MANUAL New York State Teachers’ Retirement System OCTOBER 2020 NEW YORK STATE TEACHERS’ RETIREMENT SYSTEM INVESTMENT POLICY MANUAL Table of Contents General Policies • Statement of Investment Policy • Delegation of Investment Authority • Disclosure – Placement Agent Policy • Independence of Consultants • Internal Asset Management Code of Professional Conduct • Investment Rates of Return • Securities Lending • Stock Proxy Voting Fixed Income • Domestic Fixed • Fixed Income Addendum (Broker/Dealer Selection Evaluation) • Global Fixed Income • High Yield Bonds • Short Term Investments (Cash Equivalents) Private Equity • Private Equity Investments • Private Debt Public Equities • Broker Selection (Internally Managed Portfolios) • Directed Brokerage • Domestic Equity • External Managers (Publicly Traded Securities) • Global Equities • International Equities • Trade Allocation Real Estate • Equity Real Estate Investments • Real Estate Debt Investments • Real Estate Advisors • Real Estate General Authority • Timberland Risk Management • Investment Compliance • Investment Risk Management • OFAC Compliance Chronology • Summary of Significant Changes in IPM October 2020 GENERAL POLICIES NEW YORK STATE TEACHERS’ RETIREMENT SYSTEM INVESTMENT POLICY MANUAL Statement of Investment Policy I. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 2 II. PURPOSE OF THIS MANUAL ................................................................................... 2 III. RESPONSIBLE -
U.S. Trade and Investment Policy
U.S. Trade and Investment Policy and Investment U.S. Trade The Council on Foreign Relations sponsors Independent Task Forces to assess issues of current and critical importance to U.S. foreign policy and provide policymakers with con- crete judgments and recommendations. Diverse in backgrounds and perspectives, Task Force members aim to reach a meaningful consensus on policy through private and non- partisan deliberations. Once launched, Task Forces are independent of CFR and solely re- sponsible for the content of their reports. Task Force members are asked to join a consensus signifying that they endorse “the general policy thrust and judgments reached by the group, WKRXJKQRWQHFHVVDULO\HYHU\ÀQGLQJDQGUHFRPPHQGDWLRQµ(DFK7DVN)RUFHPHPEHUDOVR KDVWKHRSWLRQRISXWWLQJIRUZDUGDQDGGLWLRQDORUDGLVVHQWLQJYLHZ0HPEHUV·DIÀOLDWLRQV DUHOLVWHGIRULGHQWLÀFDWLRQSXUSRVHVRQO\DQGGRQRWLPSO\LQVWLWXWLRQDOHQGRUVHPHQW7DVN Force observers participate in discussions, but are not asked to join the consensus. Task Force Members Edward Alden James W. Owens Council on Foreign Relations Caterpillar, Inc. Nancy Birdsall William F. Owens Center for Global Development University of Denver James J. Blanchard Pamela S. Passman DLA Piper LLP Microsoft Corporation Andrew H. Card Matthew J. Slaughter Texas A&M University, Fleischman-Hillard Council on Foreign Relations; Thomas A. Daschle Dartmouth University DLA Piper LLP Andrew L. Stern I.M. (Mac) Destler Georgetown University University of Maryland William M. Thomas Harold E. Ford, Jr. American Enterprise Institute for Public Morgan Stanley Policy Research Leo Gerard* Laura D’Andrea Tyson United Steelworkers University of California Berkeley Independent Task Force Report No. 67 Daniel R. Glickman John K. Veroneau Aspen Institute Congressional Program; Covington and Burling LLP Independent Task Force Report No. 67 Report Force Task Independent Andrew H. -
Introduction to the Special Issue Trade, Investment and Taxation
1 Introduction to the Special Issue Trade, investment and taxation: policy linkages Jeffrey Owens and James X. Zhan* International trade, investment and tax policies are inextricably linked. Tax is a key investment determinant influencing the attractiveness of a location or an economy for international investors, particularly those heavily engaged in international trade. Taxation, tax relief and other fiscal incentives are key policy tools to increase exports and attract investors. Investors, once established, add to economic activity and the tax base of host economies, and make direct and indirect fiscal contributions. And international investors and MNEs, by the nature of their international operations and intra-firm trade, have opportunities for tax arbitrage between jurisdictions and for tax avoidance. This last point in particular has been the focus of public debate over the last decade. Recognizing the significance of tax avoidance through trade and investment by MNEs, the international community – policymakers, international organizations, NGOs and businesses themselves – has been heavily engaged in initiatives to counter the phenomenon. The focus of attention has largely been on tax policy, accounting rules and company law, and on initiatives to improve information exchange and to increase pressure on tax havens. However, given the fundamental role of investment in building the corporate structures that enable tax avoidance, and of trade in providing the transactions and arbitrage opportunities underpinning tax avoidance, trade and investment policy are integral parts of these efforts. In fact, while the impetus for tax reforms has to a large extent come from intense public pressures caused by growing inequalities in the distribution of income and wealth, the shape and direction of reforms have been driven by the need to adapt international tax systems to the rapidly changing global trade and investment landscape: • A shift away from trade in goods to trade in services. -
Sweet Spot Investing with Convertible Bonds by Jim Buckham CFA, Portfolio Manager
20 William Street, Wellesley, MA 02481 781-416-4000 Sweet Spot Investing with Convertible Bonds By Jim Buckham CFA, Portfolio Manager Convertible bonds are sometimes considered the "Swiss Army knife" of financial products because they can provide investors with principal protection (barring default), income, and equity-like returns. The combination of a corporate bond with a call option can provide investors with asymmetrical returns: when stocks rise, the returns are more equity-like; when stocks fall, the returns are more bond-like. A convertible bond’s value is the potential to increase returns in a fixed income portfolio and dampen volatility in an equity portfolio. The secret to enjoying these benefits is investing in what convertible bond managers refer to as the "sweet spot." This means investing in convertible bonds trading close to par that have a balanced profile. Here at Wellesley Asset Management, we look to invest in the sweet spot of convertible bonds to unlock the many benefits this financial instrument can provide to investors. Options traders use the term "delta" to describe the change in price of an option in relation to the change in price of the underlying security. For example, if a call option in Apple, Inc. is trading on a 50 delta (the delta is the ratio of the change in price of an option to the change in price of the underlying asset) and Apple stock moves favorably by $1.00, then the option’s value will increase by $.50. Similarly, the convertible market uses delta to compare changes in stock prices to changes in convertible bond prices. -
Investment Rules of the World
HUNGARY Investment rules of the world DOWNLOADED: 28 SEP 2021 DLA PIPER | INVESTMENT RULES OF THE WORLD About At DLA Piper, we have one of the largest finance and projects teams in the world with more than 600 dedicated lawyers and an established local law firm network. We share knowledge and skills in debt instruments, debt securities, funds, derivatives and portfolios, as well as energy, infrastructure and other projects, across Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Asia Pacific and the Americas. When and wherever we work for you on finance and investment deals and projects, you can rely on our international platform; we are backed by the network and resources of one the largest and most-connected business law firms in the world. We enjoy being part of your team, bringing experience across sectors, borders and financial products, supporting you on first-of-a-kind deals, in new markets and to grow. With global perspective, we can help you to realize your financial strategy in whichever markets you do business. Investment Rules of the World With input from across our global network, this guide covers key legal topics for different financial activities and projects and gives you an overview of the points you may consider when initially looking at financing or investing in particular jurisdictions. Please contact us if you would like to discuss any legal issues or solutions for your business. We also welcome your feedback about this guide via [email protected]. 2 www.dlapiperintelligence.com/investmentrules DLA PIPER | INVESTMENT RULES OF THE WORLD | HUNGARY Hungary Last modified 20 October 2017 Capital markets and structured investments Issuing and investing in debt securities Are there any restrictions on issuing debt securities? There are restrictions on offering and selling debt securities under both Hungarian and EU law.