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The Gluex Experiment a Search for QCD Exotics Using a Beam of Photons Gluex-Doc-346 — October 2004

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The Gluex Experiment a Search for QCD Exotics Using a Beam of Photons Gluex-Doc-346 — October 2004 i The GlueX Experiment A Search for QCD Exotics Using a Beam of Photons GlueX-doc-346 | October 2004 The GlueX Collaboration J. Pinfold University of Alberta (Edmonton, Alberta, Canada) D. Fassouliotis, P. Ioannou, Ch. Kourkoumelis *University of Athens (Athens, Greece) G. B. Franklin, J. Kuhn, C. A. Meyer (Deputy Spokesperson), C. Morningstar, B. Quinn, R. A. Schumacher, Z. Krahn, G. Wilkin Carnegie Mellon University (Pittsburgh,PA) H. Crannell, F. J. Klein, D. Sober Catholic University of America (Washington, D. C. D. Doughty, D. Heddle Christopher Newport University (Newport News, VA) R. Jones, K. Joo University of Connecticut (Storrs, CT) W. Boeglin, L. Kramer, P. Markowitz, B. Raue, J. Reinhold Florida International University (Miami,FL) V. Crede, L. Dennis, P. Eugenio, A. Ostrovidov, G. Riccardi Florida State University (Tallahassee,FL) J. Annand, D. Ireland, J. Kellie, K. Livingston, G. Rosner, G. Yang University of Glasgow (Glasgow, Scotland, UK) A. Dzierba (Spokesperson), G. C. Fox, D. Heinz, J. T. Londergan, R. Mitchell, E. Scott, P. Smith, T. Sulanke, M. Swat, A. Szczepaniak, S. Teige Indiana University (Bloomington,IN) S. Denisov, A. Klimenko, A. Gorokhov, I. Polezhaeva, V. Samoilenko, A. Schukin, M. Soldatov Institute for High Energy Physics (Protvino, Russia) ii D. Abbott, A. Afanasev, F. Barbosa, P. Brindza, R. Carlini, S. Chattopadhyay, H. Fenker, G. Heyes, E. Jastrzembski, D. Lawrence, W. Melnitchouk, E. S. Smith (Hall D Group Leader), E. Wolin, S. Wood Jefferson Lab (Newport News,VA) A. Klein Los Alamos National Lab (Los Alamos,NM) V. A. Bodyagin, A. M. Gribushin, N. A. Kruglov, V. L. Korotkikh, M. A. Kostin, A. I. Demianov, O. L. Kodolova, L. I. Sarycheva, A. A. Yershov Nuclear Physics Institute, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia E. Solodov Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (Novosibirsk, Russia) P. Mueller * Oak Ridge National Lab (Oak Ridge, TN) D. S. Carman, K. Hicks, S. Taylor Ohio University (Athens,OH) M. Barbi, E. J. Brash, G. M. Huber, V. Kovaltchouk, G. J. Lolos, Z. Papandreou University of Regina (Regina, Saskatchewan,Canada) T. Barnes, S. Spanier * University of Tennessee (Knoxville, TN) T. Hatziantoniou, Ch. Kanellopoulos, Ch. Petridou, D. Sampsonidis *University of Thessaloniki (Thessaloniki, Greece) (*) Insitutions not yet committed but involved in workshops and planning iii GlueX Theory Group D. B. Leinweber, A. G. Williams CSSM, University of Adelaide, (Adelaide, Australia) S. Godfrey Carleton University (Ottawa, Ontario,Canada) C. Morningstar Carnegie Mellon University (Pittsburgh, PA) R. Kaminski, L. Lesniak H. Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics (Cracow, Poland) J. Goity Hampton University (Hampton,VA) J. T. Londergan, M. Swat, A. Szczepaniak Indiana University (Bloomington,IN) A. Afanasev, W. Melnitchouk, A. W. Thomas Jefferson Lab (Newport Newsy, VA) M. Pichowsky Kent State University (Kent, OH) P. Page Los Alamos National Lab (Los Alamos, NM) E. Swanson University of Pittsburgh (Pittsburgh, PA) T. Barnes University of Tennessee (Knoxville, TN) Oak Ridge National Lab (Oak Ridge, TN) iv Contents 1 Overview 1 1.1 Science of confinement . 1 1.1.1 Light meson spectroscopy . 1 1.1.2 Experimental Situation . 2 1.1.3 Using Photons as Probes . 2 1.2 The GlueX/Hall D Project . 3 1.2.1 Photon Beam . 3 1.2.2 Accelerator Upgrade . 4 1.2.3 Detector . 4 1.3 Plan for Analysis . 5 1.4 Project history and collaboration . 5 2 Photon Beam 9 2.1 Choice of Technique . 9 2.1.1 Compton Back-scatter . 10 2.1.2 Tagged Bremsstrahlung . 12 2.1.3 Coherent Bremsstrahlung . 12 2.2 Photon Source . 13 2.2.1 Essential Features . 14 2.2.2 Use of Collimation . 15 2.2.3 Choice of Radiator . 20 2.2.4 Crystal Quality . 22 2.2.5 Crystal Thickness . 24 2.2.6 Crystal Mount . 27 2.2.7 Crystal Alignment and Monitoring . 28 2.2.8 Crystal Lifetime . 29 2.3 Electron Beam . 31 2.3.1 Beam Polarization . 31 2.3.2 Beam Emittance . 32 2.3.3 Electron Beam Line Optics . 34 2.3.4 Electron Beam Dump . 34 2.3.5 Beam Containment and Shielding . 34 2.4 Tagging Spectrometer . 37 2.4.1 Specifications . 37 2.4.2 Magnet . 37 2.4.3 Spectrometer Optics . 40 2.4.4 Tagger Detectors . 42 2.4.5 Beam Dump Optics . 44 2.5 Polarimetry Instrumentation . 44 2.6 Operating Beam Intensity . 46 v vi CONTENTS 3 The Superconducting Solenoid 47 3.1 Introduction . 47 3.2 Brief Description . 47 3.3 Solenoid Refurbishment Activities . 48 3.3.1 Detailed Tests of The Coils . 48 3.3.2 Refurbishment of Coils One and Two . 50 3.3.3 Plans To Complete Coils Three and Four . 50 3.3.4 Plans To Complete The Solenoid at JLab . 50 3.4 The Magnetic Field of The Solenoid . 51 3.4.1 Magnetic Modifications Needed . 51 3.4.2 TOSCA Simulations . 51 3.4.3 Compensation of the Upstream Plug . 54 4 The GlueX Detector in Hall D 57 4.1 Overview . 57 4.2 The Target . 57 4.3 Calorimetry . 60 4.3.1 Global Design . 60 4.3.2 The Lead-Glass Calorimeter . 60 4.3.3 Barrel Calorimetry . 71 4.3.4 Upstream Photon Veto . 85 4.4 Charged Particle Tracking . 88 4.4.1 Design Considerations . 88 4.4.2 Track Reconstruction . 90 4.4.3 Straw-tube Drift Chamber . 93 4.4.4 Forward Drift Chambers . 101 4.4.5 The Start Counter . 114 4.5 Particle Identification . 114 4.5.1 Overview . 114 4.5.2 The Time-of-flight System . 119 4.5.3 Cerenkˇ ov Counter . 124 4.5.4 Acceptance of The Particle Identification System . 138 4.6 Detector Integration . 144 4.6.1 Assembly and Mounting . 146 4.6.2 Survey and Alignment . 148 4.6.3 Access . 148 4.6.4 Interaction Between Subsystems . 149 4.6.5 Cabling . 149 5 Readout Electronics 151 5.1 Overview . 151 5.2 FADCs for Calorimetry . 151 5.2.1 Prototype . 153 5.2.2 Additional requirements for final version . 154 5.3 FADCs for Tracking . 154 5.4 TDCs . 155 5.4.1 Jefferson Lab TDC . 155 5.4.2 TDC Performance . 157 5.4.3 Additional requirements for final version . 158 5.5 Track Count . 159 5.6 Clock Distribution and Pipeline Synchronization . 159 5.7 Discriminators and Amplifiers . 159 5.8 High Voltage . 159 5.9 Packaging . 159 CONTENTS vii 5.10 Readout Bus . 161 5.11 Construction . 161 5.12 Review ..
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