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Subterranean Dwelling, the Bowerley Langcliffe

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Subterranean Dwelling, the Bowerley Langcliffe New Shoot Buildings, Kilnsey Estate, Yorkshire Dales – Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment ________________________________________________________________________________ SUBTERRANEAN DWELLING, THE BOWERLEY LANGCLIFFE, NORTH YORKSHIRE HERITAGE STATEMENT JB Archaeology Ltd On behalf of P Wales Esq. November 2020 ____________________________________________________________________________________ JB Archaeology Ltd on behalf of Countrywise Leisure Management Subterranean Dwelling, Bowerley, Langcliffe, North Yorkshire – Heritage Statement ___________________________________________________________________________________ JB Archaeology Ltd Company Number 10299372 VAT Registration Number 247354789 ___________________________________________________________________________________ JB Archaeology Ltd on behalf of P Wales Esq. 2 Subterranean Dwelling, Bowerley, Langcliffe, North Yorkshire – Heritage Statement ___________________________________________________________________________________ Contents 1.0 Introduction 4 Purpose of report 4 Location Topography and Land Use 4 Summary of Historic Background 6 Relevant Statutory Protection and the Site/Proposals 6 Listed Building and Scheduled Monuments 6 Conservation Area 6 Planning History 6 The Site/Proposals 7 Historic Mapping 12 2.0 Development of the Site 18 3.0 Summary of significance 18 4.0 Impact of Proposed works 19 5.0 Conclusions 20 Heritage Statement Summary Table 22 ___________________________________________________________________________________ JB Archaeology Ltd on behalf of P Wales Esq. 3 Subterranean Dwelling, Bowerley, Langcliffe, North Yorkshire – Heritage Statement ___________________________________________________________________________________ SUBTERRANEAN DWELLING, THE BOWERLEY LANGCLIFFE, NORTH YORKSHIRE HERITAGE STATEMENT 1.0 INTRODUCTION Purpose of report 1.1 This Heritage Assessment has been commissioned by Mr P Wales to provide supporting information for an application for planning permission for the construction of a new subterranean dwelling in the grounds of Bowerley at Langcliffe, North Yorkshire (application reference 2020/22172/FUL). 1.2 This report is the result of the following: a site visit - 29th November 2018; a NYCC Historic Environment Record (HER) search - 3rd December 2018 and NYCC archives search - 1st/3rd December 2018 This report also takes into consideration the comments in the Heritage Advice produced by Hinchliffe Heritage (2018). This report also takes into consideration the results of the decision of the Planning Inspectorate June 2020 with regard to the minimal impact the proposals would have upon the conservation area. Location, Topography and Land Use 1.3 The proposed development site is located in an area of terraced/sloping ground at a height of c.170mOD to the south-west of the complex of dwellings know as Bowerley. Bowerley itself lies to the west of the minor road (B6479) which runs between Settle and Langcliffe (NGR SD 82025 64807) Figures 1&2. 1.4 The new dwelling would be situated on a marked break of slope created by the landscaping during the original construction of Bowerley in the mid 19th century. The break of slope is further enhanced by the former kitchen garden for the main house which was created by terracing into the hillside (Plates 1 - 7). 1.5 The land immediately surrounding the proposed dwelling is part of the grounds of Bowerley and, with the exception of the kitchen garden, is all laid to grass. In the wider landscape there is a small area of pasture to the south with the railway line to the west. ___________________________________________________________________________________ JB Archaeology Ltd on behalf of P Wales Esq. 4 Subterranean Dwelling, Bowerley, Langcliffe, North Yorkshire – Heritage Statement ___________________________________________________________________________________ Based upon Ordnance Survey data with permission of Her Majesty’s Controller of Stationary Office Crown Copyright. JB Archaeology Ltd, Rosebank, Newby Wiske DL7 9EX. Licence Number 100048796 Figure 1. Site Location Figure 2. Detailed Site Location (Craven Design Partnership) ___________________________________________________________________________________ JB Archaeology Ltd on behalf of P Wales Esq. 5 Subterranean Dwelling, Bowerley, Langcliffe, North Yorkshire – Heritage Statement ___________________________________________________________________________________ Summary of Historic Background 1.6 The land at Bowerley is first referred to as Bowerley Heads in land sale records from c.1700 onwards although the name is not mentioned in the Tithe Map of 1841 (Figure 3) or the Tithe assessment of 1844. The original house was built in 1854 by William Foster, a solicitor and farmer. On his death in 1859 his wife Catherine (or Elizabeth) was forced to sell due to debt shortly after the house was completed. The property was auctioned at the Lion Inn in Settle in 1860 when it was described as “A capital messuage (dwelling house with outbuildings and land assigned to its use) and boasted a coach house, harness room, shipping, cart house and two dog kennels set in 3 acres of gardens, lawns and pleasure grounds.” for £1000 to William Coulthurst. The property has since been in the possession of a number of owners. See http://www.northcravenheritage.org.uk/NCHTJ2011/2011/bowerley/bowerley. html and Further Information below for additional details of the ownership history. Relevant Statutory Protection and the Site/Proposals Listed Building and Scheduled Monuments 1.7 Bowerley is not a Listed Building nor does it, or the surrounding land, form part of a Scheduled Monument. 1.8 A search of the NYCC HER did not produce any historic or archaeological sites within, or adjacent to Bowerley. Conservation Area 1.9 Bowerley lies on the south-western edge of the Langcliffe Conservation Area (CA) (Internet Ref 1) and adjacent to the Settle Carlisle Conservation Area (Baxter, 2016). The professionally undertaken Langcliffe Conservation Area Appraisal (CAA) in 2010 recommended that Bowerley be removed from the CA due to its location away from the main built up area of the settlement; its separation form the core of the settlement by the B6479 and the range of modern developments and alterations in the site continuing into 2018 (Hinchliffe, 2018, section 3.1). The CAA also concluded that The Bowerley “retains little historic or architectural interest” (LCAA, 2010, Section 6). However, this recommendation was not implemented as a result of the public consultation process. The public consultation was attended by 21 members of the public 13 of whom who lived in the CA completed questionnaires. The estimated population of the CA is 350 therefore the response to the CAA questionnaire was c.3% of the population of the CA. (Wales and Reynolds Correspondence). 1.10 Bowerley does, informally, mark the start of the settlement of Langcliffe but at the same time stands away from the core of the village and on the whole is not generally indivisible with much of the settlement. Planning History 1.11 This specific part of the site has seen one previously refused planning application. In addition to this there have been a number of previous planning applications relating to the various buildings of Bowerley itself have. In recent years this includes: ___________________________________________________________________________________ JB Archaeology Ltd on behalf of P Wales Esq. 6 Subterranean Dwelling, Bowerley, Langcliffe, North Yorkshire – Heritage Statement ___________________________________________________________________________________ The demolition of the physical link between the main house and its ancillary buildings. The addition of a prominent sun-room extension to the road facing elevation (2016/7) The introduction of multiple non-conservation roof-lights to every roof surface. The addition of a large balustraded extension and roof-terrace to the principal south-facing elevation. Multiple additions to and blocking up of window and door openings to most elevations. An extension and porches added to the original ancillary buildings. The removal of a section of roof to the main house to introduce a high level roof terrace thereby breaking the historic “roof-line” of the property. 1.12 These numerous permitted changes on the historic building with in the Conservation Area (CA) have all added to a gradual degradation of the setting, legibility and appearance of Bowerley (for details of previous works see the relevant planning application documentation). This said the building is still clearly identifiable as acting as a “gateway to the village”. 1.13 The current proposals would not directly affect the buildings of Bowerley nor would they have any impact on the setting of Bowerley when seen from the road or the remainder of the CA. 1.14 The most recent application for planning at The Bowerley, planning reference 2017/18518/FUL (08 Sep 2017) for the erection of subterranean eco-dwelling with subterranean garage was refused on 27th February 2018. The Site/Proposals 1.14 The proposed development site lies on the very edge of the Langcliffe Conservation Area. Interestingly the boundary of the CA actually follows the boundary wall of the 19th century kitchen garden and not, as would be expected, the boundary of the holding. Thus this acts to sub-divide the holding in a rather odd manner which does not relate to the historic (or modern) boundaries of the site and therefore reduces both the legibility and overall integrity of the site as a
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