Visual Impact Provision (VIP)

Peak District (East) Project

Appendix 7H Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey Report

October 2018 Rev04 Visual Impact Provision (VIP) Project Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey Report

Quality information

Prepared by Checked by Verified by Approved by

Richard Wilson Clare Mcilwraith Clare Mcilwraith Lorraine King Approved Supplier Principal Ecologist Principal Ecologist Regional Director

Revision History

Revision Revision date Details Prepared by Reviewed by Approved by

CM JR 1 December 2016 Final Draft RWE Ecology Principal Ecologist Associate

2 January 2017 Updated following CM CM client comments RWE Ecology Principal Ecologist Principal Ecologist

3 September 2018 Minor revisions re RWE Ecology CM LK desk study Principal Ecologist Regional Director

4 October 2018 Minor amendments LS LK LK

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AECOM i Visual Impact Provision (VIP) Project Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey Report

Prepared for: National Grid

Prepared by:

AECOM Limited 5th Floor, 2 City Walk Leeds LS11 9AR United Kingdom

T: +44 (0)113 391 6800 aecom.com

© AECOM Limited. All Rights Reserved.

This document has been prepared by AECOM Limited (“AECOM”) for sole use of National Grid (the “Client”) in accordance with generally accepted consultancy principles, the budget for fees and the terms of reference agreed between AECOM and the Client. Any information provided by third parties and referred to herein has not been checked or verified by AECOM, unless otherwise expressly stated in the document.

The conclusions and recommendations contained in this Report take into account information provided by the Client about the Proposed Project and upon the assumption that all relevant information has been provided by those parties from whom it has been requested and that such information is accurate. Information obtained by AECOM has not been independently verified by AECOM, unless otherwise stated in the Report. The methods adopted and the sources of information used by AECOM in providing its services are outlined in this Report. The work described in this Report was undertaken in June-August 2016 and June-August 2018, and is based on the conditions encountered and the information available during those periods. The scope of this Report and the services are accordingly factual and therefore be subject to minor limitations as detailed in Section 1.3, Appendix A. Where assessments of works or costs identified in this Report are made, such assessments are based upon the information available at the time and where appropriate are subject to further investigations or information which may become available. AECOM disclaim any undertaking or obligation to advise any person of any change in any matter affecting the Report, which may come or be brought to the attention of AECOM after the date of the Report. Certain statements made in the Report that are not historical facts may constitute estimates, projections or other forward-looking statements and even though they are based on reasonable assumptions as of the date of the Report, such forward-looking statements by their nature involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results predicted. AECOM specifically does not guarantee or warrant any estimate or projections contained in this Report. Where field investigations are carried out, these have been restricted to a level of detail required to meet the stated objectives of the services. The results of any measurements taken may vary spatially or with time and further confirmatory measurements should be made after any significant delay in issuing this Report.

AECOM ii Visual Impact Provision (VIP) Project Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey Report

Table of Contents

1 Introduction 1 2 Glow Worm Survey Update 2 Appendix A: Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey Report - Prepared by Richard Wilson Ecology 3

AECOM iii Visual Impact Provision (VIP) – Peak District (East) Project Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey Report

1 Introduction

1.1 The Proposed Project AECOM was instructed by National Grid to conduct a terrestrial invertebrate survey (including a glow-worm survey) at Dunford Bridge, South Yorkshire (centred approximately on Ordnance Survey grid reference 416540 402440). The survey was undertaken as part of the Phase 2 protected species surveys for the Visual Impact Provision (VIP) Project, Peak District (East) Project, (hereafter referred to as the ‘Proposed Project’). The Proposed Project is described in detail in Chapter 2 of the Environmental Assessment Report.

The survey focused on land within and immediately adjacent to Wogden Foot Local Wildlife Site (LWS). A dusk glow-worm survey was also undertaken along habitats located along the Trans Pennine Trail between Dunford Bridge car park and Wogden Foot LWS.

The survey and subsequent reporting was undertaken by Richard Wilson Ecology, an AECOM approved supplier. The report prepared by Richard Wilson Ecology is provided as Appendix A.

The purpose of this report is to provide baseline technical information only. Accordingly, the report outlines the methods and results of the work undertaken, and provides an evaluation of the relevant habitat, species or assemblage as defined by the objectives (Section 1.3). It does not seek to include recommendations, mitigation or impact assessment. These elements will be addressed in Chapter 7 of the Environmental Assessment Report.

1.2 Defining the Study and Survey Areas Within Appendix A the following terminology is used:

· Ecological Study Area – the area which was subject to the collection of background information (desk based study) to supplement the findings of the field surveys, comprising the Survey Area plus a 2km radius. · Invertebrate Survey Area – described in Section 1.2 of Appendix A; this is the area which was identified as being of most potential interest to invertebrates during the Preliminary Environmental Appraisal (PEA) and was subject to the detailed terrestrial invertebrate survey (hereafter termed as the ‘Survey Area’). Other areas outside this Survey Area were scoped out from the more detailed terrestrial invertebrate surveys.

1.3 Survey Aim and Objectives The aim and objectives of the survey work and the subsequent report presented herein were to:

Aim:

· Collect baseline data on the terrestrial invertebrate assemblage located within the Survey Area. These baseline data will be used to determine the value of the Survey Area for terrestrial invertebrates in order to inform the Ecological Impact Assessment (EcIA) for the Proposed Project.

Objectives:

· Undertake a desk study exercise to collate relevant information pertaining to the distribution of protected or notable terrestrial invertebrates within the Ecological Study Area;

· Conduct surveys to identify the species and assemblages present within Survey Area focusing on the area of most interest; Wogden Foot LWS to determine the value of the habitats for this species group;

· Better understand the variation and botanical composition of the grassland communities present and their relative distribution; and

· Determine an overall evaluation of the Survey Area for terrestrial invertebrate species and assemblages in order to take into consideration within the Proposed Project design and to take forward for assessment within the EcIA.

AECOM 1 Visual Impact Provision (VIP) – Peak District (East) Project Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey Report

2 Glow Worm Survey Update

In addition to the glow-worm survey conducted by Richard Wilson Ecology in 2016 (as detailed in Appendix A), further updated surveys were conducted in 2018 following consultation with ecological stakeholders. The updated survey visits were conducted in June and July 2018 and comprised a walkover visual search following a transect encompassing the grassland and marginal scrub habitats within Wodgen Foot LWS at dusk for a period of approximately 2 hours. Furthermore the Trans Pennine Trail was walked between Wogden Foot LWS and Dunford Bridge and the grassland verges searched for any signs of displaying glow-worm; the glow-worm Survey Area is shown on Figure 7H.1 in Appendix A.

No evidence of glow-worm was observed during the 2018 update surveys. Based upon the results of the 2016 and 2018 surveys combined it is concluded that glow-worm are likely to be absent from the area surveyed. As such the terrestrial invertebrate assemblage as detailed in Appendix A will be taken forward to the EcIA but glow- worm specifically can be scoped out from further assessment.

AECOM 2 Visual Impact Provision (VIP) – Peak District (East) Project Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey Report

Appendix A: Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey Report - Prepared by Richard Wilson Ecology

AECOM 3 Richard Wilson Ecology

Visual Impact Provision (VIP)

Peak District (East) Project

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot Local Wildlife Site, nr. Dunford Bridge, South Yorkshire

Richard Wilson Ecology (on behalf of National Grid)

August 2018 Notice

This document and its contents have been prepared and are intended solely for AECOM Ltd’s information and use in relation to the proposed Visual Impact Provision (VIP), Peak District (East) Project.

Richard Wilson Ecology assumes no responsibility to any other party in respect of or arising out of or in connection with this document and/ or its contents.

Document History

JOB NUMBER: RWE00164 DOCUMENT REF: RW-CM-001-RWE0164-INV

Amended by Final Version Revision Purpose Description Date Checked by Client Richard Wilson Issued Ecology 0.1 Draft for Client 10 October 2016 CM 1.0 Final Issue 31 October 2016 CM 31 October 2016 2.0 Final Issue 7 December 2016 7 December 2016 3.0 Updated Issue 31 August 2018 CM 31 August 2018

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire Table of Contents

Chapter pages

Executive Summary 1 1. Introduction 2 1.1 Background 2 1.2 Survey Area 2 1.3 Limitations 3 2. Legislation 4 2.1 Relevant Legislation 4 3. Methodology 5 3.1 Desk Study 5 3.2 Field Survey 5 3.3 Evaluation Methodologies 5 3.4 Personnel 6 4. Results and Interpretation 7 4.1 Desk Study 7 4.2 Field Survey 8 4.3 Invertebrate Assemblage Analysis 9 4.4 Evaluation 10 5. References 12

Tables

Table 1: Weather conditions for survey visits...... 8 Table 2: Distribution of taxonomic groups studied...... 8 Table 3: Species recorded of nature conservation interest...... 8 Table 4: ISIS Assessment of SATs...... 10 Table 5: ISIS Assessment of BATs...... 10

Annex A: List of Species Identified ...... 14 Annex B: Diptera Recorded by John Coldwell ...... 26 Annex C: Site Photographs ...... 29 Annex D: British Conservation Status Categories – Definitions...... 34

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 1 Executive Summary

· AECOM Ltd (on behalf of National Grid) commissioned Richard Wilson Ecology to undertake a terrestrial invertebrate survey (including a glow-worm survey) within the non-statutory Wogden Foot Local Wildlife Site (LWS) and along the Trans Pennine Trail (TPT).

· This report presents the results of these terrestrial invertebrate surveys, which were undertaken between June and August 2016.

· A wide range of taxa were collected, resulting in 242 species being identified. The most abundant taxa were representatives of the Diptera [flies] (78 species), Coleoptera [beetles] (66 species), Lepidoptera [butterflies and moths] (20 species), Arachnida [spiders] (35 species) and aculeate Hymenoptera [bees and wasps] (15 species). The remaining 28 species represent minor groups (e.g. woodlice, millipedes etc.).

· No Red Data Book or Nationally Scarce species were recorded. However, a single lauxaniid fly, considered to be genuinely nationally scarce was recorded. This is a species considered to be associated with rotting vegetation.

· The mosaics of grassland and scrub within the Survey Area are considered to be of most value for the invertebrate assemblages present. Wogden Foot LWS is evaluated to be of District Value (nature conservation value) for its terrestrial invertebrate community. This conclusion is based upon a combination of the Invertebrate-Species Habitat Information System and professional judgement.

· An updated bespoke desk study including terrestrial invertebrates was completed in August 2018. A total of 18 widespread and frequently encountered species of invertebrate are included which were recorded in 2017 and the first half of 2018. The majority of these are butterflies, including the small heath, a Species of Principle Importance; though a few dragonflies and one common fly are also cited. Nine of these species were recorded during the 2016 surveys.

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 2 1. Introduction

1.1 Background Richard Wilson Ecology was commissioned in early June 2016 by AECOM Ltd (on behalf of National Grid) to undertake a terrestrial invertebrate survey of land within and immediately adjacent to Wogden Foot Local Wildlife Site (LWS). A dusk glow-worm survey was also undertaken and included a section of habitat along the Trans Pennine Trail between Dunford Bridge car park and Wogden Foot LWS.

The LWS is designated as a non-statutory site by Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council’s (BMBC) Local Wildlife Site Panel and is contained within BMBC’s recently adopted Core Strategy (BMBC, 2011) and the 1Barnsley Biodiversity Action Plan (Barnsley Biodiversity Trust, 2009).

1.1.1 Previous Invertebrate Surveys To the best of the author’s knowledge, no structured invertebrate surveys have previously been undertaken within the LWS itself prior to the current commission. However, a species list of flies (Diptera) has been provided by BMBC as part of the project’s ecological desk study. This species list was formulated based on four separate forays completed in June and July 2012, and June and July 2015. It is understood that these were completed on the ‘…flowery grasslands…’ associated with the public car park at Dunford Bridge, i.e. outwith the Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey Area. The relevance of these species to the Survey Area is discussed in Section 4.1.

1.2 Survey Area Wogden Foot LWS (centred on National Grid Reference (NGR): 4176 4025; c. 10.4 ha) is located approximately 1.7 km east of the small hamlet of Dunford Bridge, South Yorkshire in the Upper Don Valley.

The Survey Area as shown on Figure 7H.1 was established based on potential invertebrate habitat which could potentially be impacted by the Proposed Visual Impact Provision (VIP) Project, Peak District (East) Scheme (hereafter referred to as the ‘Proposed Project’. The Proposed Project is described in detail in Chapter 2 of the Environmental Assessment Report.

The invertebrate Survey Area’s southern boundary is defined by the Trans Pennine Trail, which also marks the northern limit of the Peak District National Park. To the north, the land descends steeply towards the River Don and grazed cattle pasture associated with Townhead. The boundaries of the Survey Area for the purposes of this report are defined by the informal sheep ‘corral’ to the east and the western extent by the topographical pinch-point, created as a result of the River Don slightly turning to the south and meeting the steeply inclining land. However, the route of the Trans Pennine Trail from the land between the Dunford Bridge car park (NRG: 4158 4023) and the LWS was included in the glow-worm survey. The extents of the terrestrial invertebrate and glow-worm Survey Areas are shown on Figure 7H.1.

Within a wider setting, the Survey Area is located at the head of the Upper Don Valley, defined by the 2Pennine Moors which is present to the west and south of the Survey Area in a broad ‘L’ shape.

The habitats within the Survey Area itself largely comprise dry grassland and scrub communities that have developed on the former railway sidings (Wogden Bottom of the 31977 OS 1:10,000 Map) that formed a spur off the Woodhead railway line which once connected Sheffield, via Penistone, to Manchester but closed in the early 1980s. These vegetation communities have thus developed over a period of approximately 35 years and reflect the site’s previous use. Details of the botanical interest within the LWS are outlined within the Botanical Survey Report prepared by AECOM (Appendix 7A of the Environmental Assessment Report).

1 The Biodiversity Action Plan is also currently undergoing a revision and is expected to be adopted in 2016 (http://www.barnsleybiodiversity.org.uk/biodiversityplan.html). Some sections, including the LWS chapter are available to read on-line (http://www.barnsleybiodiversity.org.uk/localsites.html). Where appropriate, the most up to date section has been referred to. 2 Much of these moors are statutorily designated as the Dark Peak Site of Special Scientific Interest and South Pennine Moors Special Area of Conservation and Special Protected Area; though the immediate high ground to the north (Tinker Hill) and south (Thurlstone Moors) are undesignated. 3 See https://www.old-maps.co.uk/#/Map/416081/402739/10/101325; last accessed on the 19th September 2016.

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 3

The grasslands form a mosaic within themselves, supporting neutral, acid and calcareous indicator species; an unusual mix which has likely arisen as a consequence of the imported limestone ballast for the now removed railway sidings. Scattered throughout the western half of the LWS, are a number of variably vegetated spoil mounds of varying heights and dimensions, which consequently introduce a structural as well as botanical diversity to the LWS.

The scrub is largely associated with the LWS’s margins, though encroachment is evident throughout, creating informal compartments within the linear site. The dominant species would appear to be willow (Salix sp.), hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) and a likely mix of silver birch (Betula pendula) and downy birch (Betula pubescens). Some of the scrub is reaching maturity and developing a dead wood component though the majority is of a uniform younger age.

The transition (ecocline) between the grassland and scrub communities is variable, with embayments, scalloped contouring and soft edges developing as a consequence of uneven seral succession.

A small artificial waterbody has been constructed (approximate NRG: 41755 40258), adding some variation within the LWS, and there is a small area of grassland exhibiting impeded drainage a few metres to the east.

The site is actively managed by sheep (Herdwick) grazing, which were present throughout the survey’s duration in 2016.

The verges and margins of the Trans Pennine Trail between the Dunford Bridge car park and the LWS support a linear deciduous woodland community with a variable understorey structure ranging from underscrub through to more open tall ruderal vegetation. In places, impeded drainage or more permanent standing water occur in what is presumed to have been the former railway line cess. These variations from dry through to wet habitats provide an additional resource for invertebrates to exploit. Areas of grassland are present at the western end of the TPT closer to the Dunford Bridge car park (centred on NRG: 4159 4024). These have been subject to a botanical survey by AECOM and the relevance of these habitats, including the Trans Pennine Trail, to the LWS is discussed in Section 0.

1.3 Limitations The surveys commenced in early June 2016; therefore the spring invertebrate fauna (species predominantly active and recordable during April and May) were not sampled. The lack of spring and early summer visits and the generally poor season observed nationally, whilst likely to have reduced the total species list, is not thought to have significantly suppressed the evaluation. A broad taxonomic coverage has been achieved, which is likely to have at least partially off- set the survey limitations by achieving a wider coverage of the guilds (e.g. pollinators, detritivores or predators) present, and thus the chances of capturing scarcer species.

Weather conditions, and therefore any influence on emergence times and numbers during the survey period (June to August) were mixed. In northern England, June was wetter than the long-term average, as was August, though July was typical (see Meteorological Office 4website). This followed a milder than average winter, including periods of extensive rainfall (Meteorological Office 5website). This is not considered a limitation to the surveys conducted but has been noted here in order to highlight the potential for the general conditions to have influenced the overall distribution and numbers of invertebrates at a at a regional level.

Survey visits were timed to coincide with reasonable to optimal weather, i.e. avoiding days where overcast, cool and/ or rain were forecast. Nevertheless, anecdotal evidence received from communications with other entomologists would indicate that invertebrate numbers across the UK were generally considered to be low during the 2016 survey season. For example, butterfly numbers across the range of UK species were incredibly low, including those normally associated as pests such as the ‘cabbage’ whites (Pieris spp.) during other surveys conducted by the surveyor. Furthermore, material collected by vacuum sampling has yielded a noticeably reduced catch of invertebrates such as spiders, beetles, bugs and other fauna. The evaluation of the survey area’s nature conservation value for terrestrial invertebrates has taken this in to account.

With regards to the evaluation; a degree of professional judgement has been applied in using them to evaluate nature conservation value as the survey did not strictly comply with methods described in Drake et al. (2007), such as timed sweeps.

4 See http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/climate/uk/summaries/2016; last accessed on 19th September 2016. 5 See http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/climate/uk/summaries/2016/winter; last accessed on 19th September 2016

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 4 2. Legislation

2.1 Relevant Legislation Sixteen species of invertebrate present in the UK are protected through international law; largely arising from the European Union’s Habitats Directive and transposed into domestic legislation by the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017.

Approximately 50 species of invertebrate are included in Schedule 5 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended).

Section 40 of the Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 requires all local authorities to consider biodiversity when undertaking their public duty. In achieving this, the Government has published a list of Species of Principal Importance, which includes invertebrates.

A full list of all species is available via Buglife’s 6 website.

6 See https://www.buglife.org.uk/sites/default/files/Policy%20and%20legislation%20summary%20final%202014_0.pdf; last accessed on the 31st October 2016.

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 5 3. Methodology

3.1 Desk Study As part of the wider ecological desk study exercise, biological species records were provided for the Ecological Study Area by Barnsley Biological Record Centre (BBRC) and a species list of flies recorded by a local entomologist (John Coldwell) was subsequently provided. Further information sources have been referred to as necessary to support interpretation as well as desk-based internet searches where relevant. This has been subsequently updated in August 2018.

3.2 Field Survey The purpose of the invertebrate survey work is to undertake an appraisal of the Survey Area’s (as shown on Figure 7H.1) nature conservation value for terrestrial invertebrates. This report is therefore not intended to provide an exhaustive list of invertebrate taxa present within the Survey Area. In achieving this, the surveys followed the methodologies described in Drake et al. (2007) using a variety of techniques. A number of field techniques were undertaken during the field surveys to record and collate specimens including sweeping of vegetation and aerial netting for flying invertebrates using a light-weight butterfly net as well as a more heavy duty sweep-net. This was complimented by vacuum sampling (using a commercially available modified garden blow-vac) and direct observation. No static traps were employed in this survey. Whilst these were applied uniformly across the Survey Area within the LWS, they were not strictly timed.

In addition to the standard diurnal surveys, a survey to assess the presence of glow-worm (Lampyris noctiluca) within the Survey Area was also conducted. The methodology followed a transect-style approach in accordance with Bird and Parker (2014). The survey commenced at sunset for a period of approximately two hours and comprised a walked transect along the Trans Pennine Trail verges and within Wogden Foot LWS, surveying for the presence of glow-worms and focussing on the scrub-grassland interfaces (the ecocline) of most potential interest to the species.

Specimens collected were either identified in the field or retained for subsequent microscopic identification. Surveys paid particular attention to those groups most likely to include species of nature conservation interest, typically Diptera (flies), aculeate Hymenoptera (solitary bees, wasps and allies), Araneae (spiders), Coleoptera (beetles) and Hemiptera (bugs). However, a wide range of invertebrate orders were recorded.

The scope of the invertebrate survey was agreed with Barnsley MBC Biodiversity Officer via written correspondence in early June 2016 and in advance of the commencement of the work.

3.3 Evaluation Methodologies There is currently no standard frame of reference to evaluate the nature conservation value of invertebrate assemblages for the purposes of Ecological Impact Assessment (EcIA). The various methods available have been designed for specific purposes such as condition monitoring on statutory sites (Drake et al., 2007); or assigning a measure of ‘rarity’ based on formal nature conservation status’ such as Red Data Book (RDB) or Nationally Scarce etc. (Colin Plant Associates (CPA), undated). Definitions of terminologies which are assigned to the conservation status are provided in Annex D. Reliance is also placed on professional judgement of the surveyor and associates. Each methodology has its advantages and disadvantages, so for the purposes of this study, more than one approach is used to draw a conclusion, which also incorporates professional judgement. A summary of evaluation methods applied are described below.

The assemblages recorded within the Survey Area have been assessed using the 7Invertebrate Species-habitat Information System (ISIS) (Drake et al., 2007). ISIS was initially designed to inform condition monitoring on statutory sites but has subsequently been adopted to assess the potential nature conservation status of sites studied for the purposes of EcIA. Whilst this has some justification, caution has to be applied as strictly speaking, survey effort would normally require standardisation (e.g. timed sweeps). Nevertheless, ISIS can at least inform which invertebrate communities (assemblages) recorded are of particular importance within a site, such as those associated with wood decay, floristically rich habitats or both. A positive aspect of this approach is that attention is given to assemblages rather than solely relying on the national status of individual species, though the latter can also be indicative, especially as a proportion of the total species recorded. There are two ‘assemblage types’ recognised by ISIS:

7 ISIS is soon to be updated by a new analytical tool (PANTHEON) whose aim is to analyse traits in species samples. It is being developed by Natural England and the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology.

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 6

· Species Assemblage Types (SATs), which are of greater significance as they include stenotopic species (those with a restricted habitat requirement) and are considered to have an intrinsic nature conservation value. These species are generally only recorded on sites that are of nature conservation value; and

· Broad Assemblage Types (BATs), which are arguably more reliable and characterised by species that are more widespread.

CPA (undated) relies on the number of species recorded within the defined study area that have a formal nature conservation status, whilst recognising that professional judgement is also needed as invertebrate species status’ change. The method has a significant disadvantage in that it doesn’t take in to account survey effort; for example, a long-term survey in a typical lowland garden in south-east England has yielded sufficient rare species for it to be considered nationally important; yet the location itself is no different to other un-surveyed gardens within the vicinity.

3.4 Personnel The invertebrate survey (field visits) were undertaken by Richard Wilson CEnv MCIEEM MSc; an experienced field entomologist. Richard was assisted by Andy Godfrey MCIEEM FRES who identified the majority of the Diptera (flies) and aculeate Hymenoptera (bees, wasps and allies) and Bob Marsh, the Yorkshire Naturalists’ Union (YNU) beetle recorder who identified specimens of Coleoptera. Richard Wilson is a 8recognised arachnid (spiders and harvestmen) specialist though he is familiar with a wider range of taxonomic groups such as some Diptera (e.g. hoverflies (Syrphiidae)). He identified the spiders and harvestmen, some of the Diptera, the Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies), the majority of the Hemiptera caught (bugs, including the Auchenorrhyncha (plant- hoppers etc.)) and a number of other minor groups (e.g. Isopoda (woodlice)).

8 Richard is the YNU’s spider recorder, the Yorkshire, County Durham and Northumberland recorder for the national spider recording scheme; and sits on the conservation committee of the British Arachnological Society.

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 7 4. Results and Interpretation

4.1 Desk Study Barnsley BRC provided 58 invertebrate records comprising 48 species from within Wogden Foot LWS dating between 2007 and 2014. The majority of records derive from three visits by an unknown surveyor:

· 14th April 2012 [14 records]; · 6th July 2013 [33 records]; and · 22nd July 2014 [5 records].

The records relate to a range of taxonomic groups; the most numerous are butterflies (8 spp), bees (5 spp), flies (9 spp) and woodlice, millipedes and centipedes (11 spp). All the species are widespread and common though not typically recorded by a general naturalist or as incidental observations (e.g. the sciomyzid fly Tetanocera elata), suggesting that an entomologist has visited the site. None of the dates (month or year) coincide with those known to have been made by John Coldwell (see below).

The list of flies collated from four surveys made by John Coldwell from the flower-rich grasslands associated with Dunford Bridge car park comprised a total of 60 species (see Table B, Annex B). None of John Cauldwell’s records were included in the significantly shorter list of nine species recorded within the LWS held by Barnsley BRC. John Coldwell recorded Meiosimyza (= Lyciella) mihalyii on the 15 July 2012; a rare species whose status is discussed in more detail in Table 3. An additional 9Nationally Scarce species was recorded; a tephritid (picture-winged) fly, Dioxyna bidentis. This is a widely distributed species with records as far north as Yorkshire, whose larvae develop in the flowerheads of bur- marigold (Bidens tripartita) (Falk, 1991). None of the other species listed are nationally rare or scarce. These historical records have not been included in the evaluation for the Survey Area. However, reference to them is made to place the Survey Area in context.

Image 1: Distribution of the glow-worm in Bob Marsh (YNU beetle recorder) supplied the historical data for Watsonian Yorkshire (as of July 2016) © YNU Lampyris noctiluca (Linnaeus, 1758) glow-worm in Watsonian Yorkshire (see Image 1). The nearest known record is located at Thurgoland, on the Trans Pennine WATSONIAN 3 Trail (NGR: 429 400), approximately 10km east of the Survey 2 YORKSHIRE 1 Area.

NY NZ NZ OV 0 SD SE SE TA 9 BMBC indicated that Wogden Foot LWS and the adjacent section 8 of the Trans Pennine Trail constitute the second most likely site 7 for glow-worms in the Borough [of Barnsley] and therefore 6 5 justifies the survey. 4 3 2 1

SD SE SE TA 0 SJ SK SK TF 9

8 post 31/12/1989 Map produced for Yorkshire Naturalists' Union by DMAP 5/7/2016 pre 31/12/1989 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4

From the updated desk study request made in August 2018, a total of 18 widespread and frequently encountered species have been recorded within the Ecological Study Area in 2017 and the first half of 2018, two-thirds of which are butterflies and the remainder a selection of dragonflies, a fly, a grasshopper and a slug. Nine of these species were recorded during the 2016 survey, including the small heath (a species of principle importance). The additional species recorded is just symptomatic of further recording effort and is of no significance when it comes to evaluating the site or considering the invertebrate assemblages’ nature conservation value.

9 Nationally Scarce is defined as a species that has been recorded in 100 or fewer hectads (10 km x 10 km OS grid squares in Great Britain. Detailed definitions of the terms for status are provided in Annex D.

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 8

4.2 Field Survey Three diurnal survey visits were completed, in addition to the dusk/nocturnal glow-worm survey. All visits were completed during optimal weather conditions (Table 1). A complete list of all species recorded during the surveys in 2016 is provided in Table A (Annex A).

Table 1: Weather conditions for survey visits.

Date Weather Notes 8 June 2016 Cloud: 6/8; Temperature: 22.0°C; Wind Speed: Calm. First main visit. Muggy. 6 July 2016 Cloud: 7/8; Temperature: 14.5°C rising to 15.5°C; Wind Glow-worm survey. Sunset: 21:30 Speed: Calm. hrs Start: 21:30 hrs. Finish: 23:25 hrs 13 July 2016 Cloud: 3/8 to 7/8; Temperature: 16.0°C; Wind Speed: Second main visit Moderate westerly breeze. 24 August 2016 Cloud: 3/8; Temperature: 20.0°C; Wind Speed: Calm to Third main visit. Light air.

A total of 242 species were recorded across all survey visits. A wide variety of invertebrate groups were recorded as summarised in Table 2, including the target groups cited in Drake et al. (2007) for the broad habitats present within the Survey Area.

Table 2: Distribution of taxonomic groups studied.

Taxonomic Group Number of Species Lepidoptera (Butterflies and moths) 20 species Coleoptera (Beetles) 66 species Diptera (Flies) 78 species Hymenoptera (Bees, wasps, ants etc.) 15 species Araneae (Spiders) 35 species Other (e.g. Woodlice, millipedes etc.) 28 species

Of the 78 species of Diptera recorded, 11 have previously been recorded by John Coldwell (see Section 0) in the grasslands associated with the Dunford Bridge car park so there would appear to be some overlap of usage with the habitats present within the eastern area of Wogden Foot LWS. A further five species have been previously recorded by others and held on BBRC’s database; thus 83 species of Diptera are known from the LWS and 131 species from the general vicinity. None of the other invertebrates contribute significantly to the taxonomic groups referred to in Table 2.

Table 3 lists those species recorded in the Survey Area that have a published formal nature conservation status. Where it is now believed, due to an increase in records, or a better understanding of the species’ ecology, that its status requires revision, an appropriate comment is added against the species entry. This latter point is based on professional judgement by recognised specialists involved in this work (see Section 0).

Table 3: Species recorded of nature conservation interest.

Species Status Ecology Chorisops nagatomii Formerly Nationally This soldierfly was first described to science in 1979 and is the (Diptera, Stratyiomyidae) Scarce; now scarcer of the two species in the genus known in the UK (Stubbs widespread and Drake, 2001). Originally assigned Nationally Scarce status and being confined to southern England (Drake, 1991), it has since spread including as far north as Yorkshire (Grayson, 2015). It is believed to be associated with peat soils. In the context of the LWS, the surrounding moorland probably acts as its principle

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 9

Species Status Ecology habitat. It no longer merits the status. Meiosimyza mihalyii Nationally Scarce This fly would appear to be a genuine scarce species in the UK, (Diptera, Lauxaniidae) and seemingly confined to northern Britain. . Cole and Godfrey (2004) state that its biology is unknown but possibly associated with rotting vegetation. A record from Windle Edge, Dunford Bridge (NGR: 4142 4006; dated 23rd June 2003) is given in the paper; thus the 2016 record from the LWS confirms the species’ presence in the intervening 13 years. Ctenicera cuprea Scarce in South A click-beetle that is large, colourful and conspicuous in the field. (Coleoptera, Elateridae) Yorkshire This species has a northern and western distribution in Britain with very few records below the Humber/ Severn line, and mainly upland in Yorkshire. The larvae are terricolous (living in the soil) and omnivorous. Ontholestes tessellatus Scarce in Yorkshire This large staphylinid is rather scarce in Yorkshire with only about (Coleoptera, 30 records. The species is associated mainly with carrion, but also Staphylinidae) recorded from dung mounds, where there is an abundance of Diptera and Coleoptera larvae upon which this beetle is predatory.

Only one species, M. mihalyii, representing < 1 % of the total species recorded in the Survey Area is considered to be a genuinely nationally significant record. A further two or three species are of nature conservation value at a county level. One species, C. nagatomii, whilst formerly cited as being of National Significance, is now widespread in the UK and is expected to be downgraded at the next national review.

There are two other species worthy of note. These are the wood tiger moth (Parasemia plantaginis) and the small heath butterfly (Coenonympha pamphilus). Several wood tiger moths were observed within the grassland habitats of the LWS in June 2016. This is a locally uncommon species which has experienced a decline and remains scarce within a Yorkshire context. Most records in Yorkshire are associated with the Dales, North York Moors or the Pennines; thus Wogden Foot LWS is located within a core area for this species.

The small heath butterfly was recorded within the acid grassland on the southern edge of the scrub. This is listed as Species of Principal Importance under Section 41 of the Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act, but for research only (enables funding to be secured for researching the reasons for their decline) rather than genuine rarity. Nevertheless, the species is continuing to experience long-term (57 % between 1976 and 2014) and short-term (7 % between 2005 and 2014) declines (Fox et al., 2015).

No evidence of glow-worm was recorded during the dedicated survey. Whilst not specifically focussed on glow-worms, numerous dusk and nocturnal bat surveys conducted between May and September 2016, including walked transect surveys through Wogden Foot LWS and along the Trans Pennine Trail, also failed to observe the species.

4.3 Invertebrate Assemblage Analysis A total of 26 stenotopic species (i.e. those with a restricted habitat requirement) or c. 11 % of the total invertebrate fauna have been recorded within the grassland and scrub mosaics (see Table 4). Of these, 22 species (c. 85 %) have an association with the mosaics of grasslands, scrub and scrub-heath, which suggests that this relationship of scrub and grassland mosaics in close proximity to each other represent the most important habitat within the LWS.

There are four species that are particularly associated with the dead wood or decay habitats within the mature scrub and wooded communities. These are the lauxaniid fly M. mihalyii, the hoverfly Myathropa florea and the two false- flower beetles (Scraptiidae), Anaspis maculata and A. rufilabris. The latter three species, although widespread are dependent on a range of different wood decay habitats, indicating that the scrub habitat has nature conservation value too. For example, A. maculata is associated with small girth branchwood whereas A.rufilabris is associated with larger girth material; thus implying that there is an age diversity to the wood decay habitat (Alexander, 2002). The false-flower beetles are frequently associated with hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) blossom, suggesting there is a requirement for the presence of this species within the scrub.

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 10

Table 4: ISIS Assessment of SATs.

SAT code SAT name No. spp. Percentage of national Related BAT rarity score species pool F002 Rich flower resource 8 3 - F003 Scrub-heath and moorland 5 1 - F001 Scrub edge 4 2 - F111 Bare sand and chalk 3 1 200 F112 Open short sward 2 1 200 A212 Bark and sapwood decay 2 0 - A211 Heartwood decay 1 1 - W312 Sphagnum bog 1 1 -

The BATs (Table 5) are characterised by species that are more widespread and have a general association with a habitat but are not entirely restricted to it. This suggests that 109 species are broadly reliant on the grassland and scrub mosaics; in combination with the early successional vegetation, c. 45% of the species recorded within the Survey Area.

Table 5: ISIS Assessment of BATs.

BAT BAT name Representation Rarity 10Condition BAT species richness code (1-100) score Threshold F2 Grassland and scrub matrix 44 117 160 92 F1 Unshaded early successional mosaic 8 118 160 17 F3 Shaded field and ground layer 6 150 12 W3 Permanent wet mire 5 160 11 A1 Arboreal canopy 5 170 10

A further 19 species (c. 8% of species recorded) are associated with the scrub itself (e.g. dead wood and shaded ground layer), though this does include the single species of national nature conservation value.

Whilst Table 4 and Table 5 are useful, a degree of professional judgement has been applied in using them to evaluate nature conservation value as the survey did not strictly comply with methods described in Drake et al. (2007), such as timed sweeps. There will inevitably be some bias (detracting or enhancing) to the rarity scores within the analysis. Furthermore, approaching or exceeding the threshold for ‘favourable condition’ is not, necessarily, solely indicative that the assemblages are of national significance as other factors need to be taken in to account such as site context and availability of similar habitat in the wider landscape. Nevertheless, ISIS provides a useful guide when assessing the value of the Survey Area for terrestrial invertebrates.

Based on rarity and the thresholds published in Drake et al. (2007), none of these invertebrate assemblages have reached the rarity score threshold considered to represent ‘favourable status’ if the LWS was being monitored as if it were a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI). The invertebrate assemblages associated with the grassland and scrub mosaics (F2 and F1) present are less than 75% of their thresholds respectively.

4.4 Evaluation The analysis using ISIS suggests that the invertebrate assemblages associated with the grass and scrub mosaics are very much less than national significance, owing to their rarity scores falling some way below the relevant thresholds. Applying the CPA (undated) criteria, which takes in to account the number of species recorded with a nature conservation status such as RDB and Nationally Scarce species and the presence of a single genuine nationally scarce

10 Condition thresholds are considered to represent when an invertebrate community has reached a rarity level such that if the habitat studied was in a SSSI and the threshold was met/ passed, it would be considered to be in favourable condition. The condition threshold can therefore provide some guidance as to the nature conservation value of the community it applies to and therefore the study area.

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 11 species (M. mihalyii), the Survey Area is of District value for its invertebrate assemblage; i.e. a site with populations of invertebrates or invertebrate habitats considered scarce or rare or threatened in the administrative District of Barnsley.

It seems reasonable to conclude that Wogden Foot LWS is of District Value in terms of its terrestrial invertebrate assemblage.

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 12 5. References

Alexander, K.N.A. (2002) The invertebrates of living and decaying timber In Britain and Ireland. A provisional annotated checklist. English Nature Research Reports No. 467. English Nature, Peterborough

Barnsley Biodiversity Trust. (2009) Barnsley Biodiversity Action Plan. Second Edition. Barnsley Biodiversity Trust, Barnsley. Available on-line: http://www.barnsleybiodiversity.org.uk/Barnsley%20BAP%202009.pdf; last accessed 19th September 2016

BMBC. (2011) Core Strategy. Adopted: September 2011. Barnsley Local Development Framework Document. Available on-line: https://www2.barnsley.gov.uk/media/Development%20- %20Planning%20and%20Transportation/Planning%20Policy/LDF/Core%20Strategy%20Submission/Adopted%20Core%2 0Strategy.pdf; last accessed 19th September 2016

Bird, S. and Parker, J. (2014) Low levels of light pollution may block the ability of male glow-worms (Lampyris noctiluca L.) to locate females. Journal of Insect Conservation, 18: 737 – 743

Coldwell, J. (2011) Some Scarce Diptera from the Barnsley Area in 2011 Including Nine Species New to Yorkshire. Sorby Record, 47: 16 – 18

Cole, J. and Godfrey, A. (2004) Meiosimyza mihalyii (Papp, 1978) (Diptera, Lauxaniidae) new to Britain with a note on the status of M. obtusa (Collin). Dipterists Digest, 11(2): 107 – 110

Colin Plant Associates (CPA). (undated) Invertebrates and ecological assessment. Criteria used to define significance of invertebrate habitat. Chartered Institute for Ecology and Environmental Management, Winchester. Available on-line: http://www.cieem.net/data/files/Resource_Library/Technical_Guidance_Series/SoSM/Colin_Plant_-_Invertebrates.pdf; last accessed on 21st October 2015

Drake, C.M. (1991) Provisional atlas of the Large Brachycera (Diptera) of Britain and Ireland. Biological Records Centre, Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Huntingdon.

Drake, C.M., Lott, D.A., Alexander, K.N.A. and Webb, J. (2007) Surveying terrestrial and freshwater invertebrates for conservation evaluation. Natural England Research Report (NERR005). Natural England, Sheffield. 132pp

Falk, S. (1991) A review of the scarce and threatened flies of Great Britain (Part 1). Research and Survey in Nature Conservation No. 39. Nature Conservancy Council, Peterborough.

Fox, R., Brereton, T.M., Asher, J., August, T.A., Botham, M.S., Bourn, N.A.D., Cruickshanks, K.L., Bulman, C.R., Ellis, S., Harrower, C.A., Middlebrook, I., Noble, D.G., Powney, G.D., Randle, Z., Warren, M.S. and Roy, D.B. (2015) The State of the UK’s Butterflies 2015. Butterfly Conservation and the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wareham, Dorset

Grayson, A. (2015) A simplified provisional list of Yorkshire Diptera. Version 2: 22nd January 2015. Available online: http://ynu.org.uk/insects/Crane%20flies%20and%20dance%20flies; last accessed on the 7th October 2016 Stubbs, A. and Drake, M. (2001) British Soldierflies and their allies. British Entomological and Natural History Society, Reading.

TEP. (2011) 50. Wogden Foot. LWS Assessment and Phase 1 Survey. The Ecology Partnership, Warrington. Unpublished Report to Barnsley Metropolitan Council, dated December 2011.

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 13

Figure 7H.2: Invertebrate Survey Area

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire THIS DRAWING IS TO BE USED ONLY FOR THE PURPOSE OF ISSUE THAT IT WAS ISSUED FOR AND IS SUBJECT TO AMENDMENT

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i 100 0 100 200 300 400 500 m F 14 Annex A: List of Species Identified

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 15

Table A: Species recorded at Wogden Foot (2016).

Class Order Family Taxon Vernacular National Status Arachnida Araneae Theridiidae Paidiscura pallens Linyphiidae Ceratinella brevis Dismodicus bifrons Hypomma bituberculatum Gonatium rubens Pocadicnemis pumila Oedothorax fuscus Pelecopsis parallela Silometopus elegans Cnephalocotes obscurus Tiso vagans Micrargus herbigradus Erigonella hiemalis Agyneta olivacea Meioneta saxatilis Bathyphantes parvulus Tenuiphantes tenuis Tenuiphantes zimmermanni Tetragnathidae Tetragnatha extensa Pachygnatha degeeri Metellina segmentata Metellina mengei Metellina merianae

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 16

Class Order Family Taxon Vernacular National Status Araneidae Araneus diadematus Garden Spider Nuctenea umbratica Hypsosinga pygmaea Lycosidae Pardosa pullata Alopecosa pulverulenta Pisauridae Pisaura mirabilis Amaurobiidae Amaurobius similis Clubionidae Clubiona comta Gnaphosidae Drassodes cupreus Thomisidae Xysticus cristatus Salticidae Euophrys frontalis Talavera aequipes Opiliones Nemastomatidae Nemastoma bimaculatum Chilopoda Lithobiomorpha Lithobiidae Lithobius forficatus Diplopoda Glomerida Glomeridae Glomeris marginata Pill Millipede Julida Julidae Tachypodoiulus niger White-legged Snake-millipede Coleoptera Carabidae Notiophilus biguttatus Bembidion guttula Pterostichus madidus Pterostichus strenuus Amara aenea Amara lunicollis Badister bullatus Hydrophilidae Megasternum concinnum

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 17

Class Order Family Taxon Vernacular National Status Ptiliidae Acrotrichis fascicularis Staphylinidae Sepedophilus marshami Sepedophilus nigripennis Tachyporus hypnorum Tachyporus nitidulus Tachyporus obtusus Tachinus marginellus Myllaena dubia Amischa decipiens Mocyta fungi Aleochara lanuginosa Drusilla canaliculata Leptusa ruficollis Platystethus arenarius Stenus clavicornis Stenus brunnipes Stenus similis Stenus impressus Ontholestes tessellatus Leptacinus pusillus Scarabaeidae Aphodius depressus Aphodius fossor Elateridae Ctenicera cuprea Kibunea minuta

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 18

Class Order Family Taxon Vernacular National Status Athous haemorrhoidalis Agriotes acuminatus Agriotes pallidulus Cantharidae Cantharis cryptica Cantharis nigra Rhagonycha fulva Kateretidae Brachypterus glaber Nitidulidae Meligethes aeneus Common Pollen Beetle Cryptophagidae Micrambe vini Byturidae Byturus tomentosus Raspberry Beetle Coccinellidae Calvia quattuordecimguttata Cream-spot Ladybird Harmonia axyridis Harlequin Ladybird Coccinella septempunctata 7-spot Ladybird Lathridiidae Corticarina fuscula Oedemeridae Oedemera nobilis Swollen-thighed Beetle Oedemera lurida Scraptiidae Anaspis maculata Anaspis rufilabris Cerambycidae Agapanthia villosoviridescens Chrysomelidae Phratora vulgatissima Blue Willow Beetle Lochmaea caprea Willow Leaf Beetle Luperus longicornis Psylliodes napi Apionidae Protapion apricans

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 19

Class Order Family Taxon Vernacular National Status Protapion nigritarse Ischnopterapion loti Eutrichapion ervi Curculionidae Phyllobius roboretanus Small Green Nettle Weevil Phyllobius pyri Common Leaf Weevil Phyllobius argentatus Silver-green Leaf Weevil Sitona lepidus Hypera nigrirostris Nedyus quadrimaculatus Small Nettle Weevil Tychius picirostris Dermaptera Forficulidae Forficula auricularia Common Earwig Diptera Tipulidae Tipula vernalis Tipula paludosa Limoniidae Cheilotrichia cinerascens Metalimnobia bifasciata Sciaridae Sciara hemerobioides Anisopodidae Sylvicola punctatus Rhagionidae Rhagio scolopaceus Stratiomyidae Chorisops nagatomii Hybotidae Hybos culiciformis Bicellaria vana Empididae Hilara maura Rhamphomyia stigmosa Dolichopodidae Dolichopus discifer

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 20

Class Order Family Taxon Vernacular National Status Hercostomus cupreus Hercostomus nigriplantis Syrphidae Melanostoma mellinum Melanostoma scalare Platycheirus albimanus Platycheirus angustatus Platycheirus clypeatus Episyrphus balteatus Leucozona glaucia Leucozona lucorum Sphaerophoria philanthus Cheilosia albitarsis Cheilosia fraterna Cheilosia vernalis Rhingia campestris Neoascia podagrica Neoascia tenur Eristalis arbustorum Eristalis horticola Eristalis nemorum Eristalis tenax Helophilus pendulus Myathropa florea Sericomyia silentis

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 21

Class Order Family Taxon Vernacular National Status Volucella bombylans Volucella pellucens Syritta pipiens Conopidae Sicus ferrugineus Pallopteridae Palloptera modesta Piophilidae Stearibia nigriceps Tephritidae Tephritis leontodontis Tephritis neesii Terellia tussilaginis Lauxaniidae Meiosimyza mihalyii Minettia fasciata Tricholauxania praeusta Sciomyzidae Tetanocera elata Opomyzidae Geomyza tripunctata Opomyza florum Chloropidae Chlorops hypostigma Chlorops speciosus Ephydridae Hydrellia maura Scathophagidae Scathophaga furcata Scathophaga stercoraria Anthomyiidae Anthomyia mimetica Hylemya vagans Hylemya variata Delia nuda

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 22

Class Order Family Taxon Vernacular National Status Fanniidae Fannia mutica Fannia serena Muscidae Drymeia hamata Morellia aenescens Polietes lardarius Polietes meridionalis Graphomya maculata Helina fratercula Helina impuncta Helina pubiseta Phaonia angelicae Phaonia serva Calliphoridae Bellardia vulgaris Lucilia caesar Pollenia amentaria Tachinidae Eriothrix rufomaculata Siphona geniculata Tachina grossa Hemiptera: Heteroptera Miridae Phytocoris varipes Stenodema calcarata Nabidae Nabis flavomarginatus Berytidae Berytinus minor Coreidae Coriomerus denticulatus Rhopalidae Rhopalus subrufus

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 23

Class Order Family Taxon Vernacular National Status Stictopleurus punctatonervosus Pentatomidae Dolycoris baccarum Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha Cercopidae Philaenus spumarius Cicadellidae Evacanthus interruptus Eupelix cuspidata Hymenoptera Crabronidae Rhopalum coarctatum a digger wasp Formicidae Formica lemani an ant Lasius niger an ant Leptothorax acervorum an ant Myrmica ruginodis an ant Myrmica sulcinodis an ant Vespidae Vespula vulgaris Common Wasp Apidae Apis mellifera Honey Bee Bombus hypnorum a bumblebee Bombus lapidarius Large Red Tailed Bumble Bee Bombus monticola Mountain Bumble Bee Bombus pascuorum Common Carder Bee Bombus terrestris Buff-tailed Bumble Bee Halictidae Lasioglossum albipes Bloomed furrow bee Lasioglossum leucopus White-footed furrow bee Lepidoptera Zygaenidae Zygaena lonicerae Narrow-bordered Five-spot Burnet Pyralidae Chrysoteuchia culmella Garden Grass-veneer Hesperiidae Thymelicus sylvestris Small Skipper Ochlodes faunus Large Skipper

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 24

Class Order Family Taxon Vernacular National Status Pieridae Gonepteryx rhamni Brimstone Pieris brassicae Large White Pieris rapae Small White Lycaenidae Lycaena phlaeas Small Copper Polyommatus icarus Common Blue Satyridae Pararge aegeria Speckled Wood Maniola jurtina Meadow Brown Coenonympha pamphilus Small Heath Aphantopus hyperantus Ringlet Geometridae Epirrhoe alternata Common Carpet Ematurga atomaria Common Heath Sphingidae Smerinthus ocellata Eyed Hawk-moth Arctiidae Parasemia plantaginis Wood Tiger Noctuidae Noctua pronuba Large Yellow Underwing Anarta myrtilli Beautiful Yellow Underwing Autographa gamma Silver Y Megaloptera Sialidae Sialis fuliginosa Neuroptera Chrysopidae Chrysopa perla Odonata Libellulidae Libellula depressa Broad-bodied Chaser Sympetrum striolatum Common Darter Sympetrum danae Black Darter Orthoptera Acrididae Omocestus viridulus Common Green Grasshopper Chorthippus brunneus Common Field Grasshopper Plecoptera Leuctridae Leuctra inermis

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 25

Class Order Family Taxon Vernacular National Status Malacostraca Isopoda Oniscidae Oniscus asellus Common shiny woodlouse Porcellionidae Porcellio spinicornis Trichoniscidae Trichoniscus pusillus Common pygmy woodlouse

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 26

Annex B: Diptera Recorded by John Coldwell

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 27

Table B: Flies recorded by John Coldwell in 2012 and 2015 (four short forays)

Order Family Taxon National Status First Recorded Last Recorded Diptera Keroplatidae Orfelia nemoralis 2012 2012 Mycetophilidae Neoempheria pictipennis 2012 2012 Chironomidae Polypedilum pullum 2012 2012 Stratiomyidae Beris geniculata 2012 2012 Hybotidae Platypalpus ciliaris 2012 2012 Phoridae Phora atra 2015 2015 Syrphidae Chrysotoxum bicinctum 2012 2012 Pipunculidae Dorylomorpha confusa 2012 2012 Conopidae Sicus ferrugineus 2015 2015 Piophilidae Allopiophila vulgaris 2012 2012 Tephritidae Dioxyna bidentis Nationally Scarce 2015 2015 Tephritis neesii 2012 2012 Xyphosia miliaria 2012 2012 Lauxaniidae Meiosimyza illota 2012 2012 Meiosimyza mihalyii 2012 2012 Tricholauxania praeusta 2012 2012 Chamaemyiidae Chamaemyia aridella 2012 2012 Sciomyzidae Pherbellia albocostata 2012 2012 Sepsidae Themira annulipes 2012 2012 Agromyzidae Cerodontha capitata 2012 2012 Chromatomyia milii 2012 2012 Liriomyza richteri 2012 2012 Metopomyza flavonotata 2012 2012 Asteiidae Asteia concinna 2015 2015 Chloropidae Chlorops meigenii 2012 2012 Chlorops speciosus 2012 2012 Conioscinella gallarum 2015 2015 Oscinella vindicata 2012 2012 Tricimba cincta 2012 2012 Heleomyzidae Suillia notata 2012 2012 Sphaeroceridae Lotophila atra 2012 2012 Drosophilidae Scaptomyza pallida 2012 2012 Scaptomyza flava 2012 2012 Diastatidae Diastata fuscula 2012 2012 Anthomyiidae Anthomyia mimetica 2012 2012 Botanophila sericea 2012 2012 Hylemya variata 2012 2012 Delia nuda 2012 2012 Paregle atrisquama 2012 2012 Pegoplata aestiva 2012 2012

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 28

Order Family Taxon National Status First Recorded Last Recorded Pegomya meridiana 2012 2012 Fanniidae Fannia postica 2012 2012 Fannia serena 2012 2012 Muscidae Coenosia intermedia 2012 2012 Coenosia pedella 2012 2012 Coenosia tigrina 2012 2012 Schoenomyza litorella 2012 2012 Spilogona denigrata 2012 2012 Azelia nebulosa 2012 2012 Morellia hortorum 2012 2012 Polietes lardarius 2012 2012 Mydaea humeralis 2012 2012 Helina obscurata 2012 2012 Helina setiventris 2012 2012 Phaonia angelicae 2012 2012 Phaonia rufiventris 2012 2012 Calliphoridae Calliphora vicina 2012 2012 Tachinidae Campylocheta inepta 2012 2012 Ceromya bicolor 2012 2012 Siphona geniculata 2012 2012

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 29

Annex C: Site Photographs

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 30

Photograph 1: General view of Wogden Foot LWS illustrating mosaics of grassland and scrub (June 2016)

Photograph 2: General view of Wogden Foot LWS illustrating mosaics of grassland and scrub (June 2016)

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 31

Photograph 3: Example of a vegetated spoil heap (different views) with short, flower-rich vegetation (June 2016)

Photograph 4: Artificial waterbody (butyl lined) with emergent vegetation and sheltered by scrub (western end) (June 2016).

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 32

Photograph 5: Sheep-grazed grassland with scattered scrub (June 2016)

Photograph 6: Existing pylon located within LWS within scrub and tall ruderal vegetation. (June 2016)

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 33

Photograph 7: Mature scrub at western end of LWS (June 2016)

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 34

Annex D: British Conservation Status Categories – Definitions.

D.1 Status Categories and Criteria Version 1 (Shirt, 1987)

These status categories and criteria were introduced for British insects by Shirt (1987) and received some modifications by later authors (e.g. Hyman and Parsons (1992)).

Red Data Book category EXTINCT Definition Species which were formerly native to Britain but have not been recorded since 1900.

Red Data Book category 1, Endangered Definition Species in danger of extinction and whose survival is unlikely if causal factors continue to operate. Endangered species either (a) occur as only a single population within one 10-km square, or (b) only occur in especially vulnerable habitats, or (c) have been declining rapidly or continuously for twenty years or more to the point where they occur in five or fewer 10-km squares, or (d) may already have become extinct.

Red Data Book category 2, Vulnerable Definition Species which are likely to move into the Endangered category in the near future if causal factors continue to operate. Vulnerable species are declining throughout their range or occupy vulnerable habitats.

Red Data Book category 3, Rare Definition Species which occur in small populations and although not currently either Endangered or Vulnerable are at risk. Rare species exist in 15 or fewer 10-km squares, or are more widespread than this but dependent on small areas of especially vulnerable habitat.

Red Data Book category I, Indeterminate Note: Best written as ‘RDBi’ rather than ‘RDBI’ as the latter is easily confused with ‘RDB1’ (Endangered).

Definition Species considered to be either Endangered, Vulnerable or Rare but with insufficient information to say which.

Red Data Book category K, Insufficiently Known Definition Species suspected to merit either Endangered, Vulnerable, Rare or Indeterminate status but lacking sufficient information. Species included in this category may have only recently been discovered in Britain, or may be very poorly recorded for a variety of reasons.

Nationally Scarce Category A, Na. Definition Species which do not fall within Red Data Book categories but which are nonetheless uncommon in Great Britain and thought to occur in 30 or fewer (typically between 16 and 30) 10-km squares of the National Grid, or for less well- recorded groups, in seven or fewer vice-counties.

Nationally Scarce Category B, Nb. Definition Species which do not fall within Red Data Book categories but which are nonetheless uncommon in Great Britain and thought to occur in between 31 and 100 10-km squares of the National Grid, or for less well-recorded groups, between eight and twenty vice-counties.

Nationally Scarce, N. Definition Species which do not fall within Red Data Book categories but which are nonetheless uncommon in Great Britain. This status category has been used where information has not been sufficient to allocate a species to either Na or Nb. These species are thought to occur in between 16 and 100 10-km squares of the National Grid.

Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire 35

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Terrestrial Invertebrate Survey, Wogden Foot LWS, South Yorkshire