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Utility of Climate Change and Variability Information for Rice Farming in Babati District-Manyara Region

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Utility of Climate Change and Variability Information for Rice Farming in Babati District-Manyara Region The University of Dodoma University of Dodoma Institutional Repository http://repository.udom.ac.tz Social Sciences Master Dissertations 2017 Utility of climate change and variability information for rice farming in Babati district-Manyara region Nkua, Aron Joseph University of Dodoma Nkua, A. J. (2017). Utility of climate change and variability information for rice farming in Babati district-Manyara region. Dodoma: The University of Dodoma http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12661/457 Downloaded from UDOM Institutional Repository at The University of Dodoma, an open access institutional repository. UTILITY OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND VARIABILITY INFORMATION FOR RICE FARMING IN BABATI DISTRICT-MANYARA REGION ARON JOSEPH NKUA MASTER OF SCIENCE IN NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT THE UNIVERSITY OF DODOMA OCTOBER, 2017 UTILITY OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND VARIABILITY INFORMATION FOR RICE FARMING IN BABATI DISTRICT-MANYARA REGION By Aron Joseph Nkua A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Natural Resources Management of the University of Dodoma The University of Dodoma October, 2017 CERTIFICATION The undersigned certifies that he has read and here by recommends for acceptance by the University of Dodoma, a dissertation entitled “Utility of Climate Change and Variability Information for Rice Farming in Babati District - Manyara Region” in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Natural Resources Management of the University of Dodoma. ………………………………………………. Dr. Ahmad Kanyama (SUPERVISOR) Date…………………………………………… i DECLARATION AND COPYRIGHT I, Aron Joseph Nkua, declare that this dissertation is my own original work and that it has not been presented and will not be presented to any other University for a similar or any other degree award. Signature…………………………… No part of this dissertation may be reproduced, stored in any retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written permission of the author or the University of Dodoma. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I thank God for giving me an opportunity to undertake this study for my academic fulfilment. My deepest gratitude goes to my supervisor, Dr. Ahmad Kanyama for his guidance and valuable contributions in writing this dissertation. Also, I wish to express my appreciation, thanks to my lovely father and mother, Mr & Mrs. Sanare Koyee for their sponsorship to my Graduate studies. Special thanks are due to rice farmers and the village administration in Magugu, Gichameda, and Matufa for their cooperation and provision of information essential for this study. In addition, the cooperation of the leadership of Babati district is highly appreciated. I would like to thank all lecturers from the Department of Geography and Environmental Studies of the University of Dodoma. Also, my thanks are extended to my colleagues, Natural Resources Management students for their moral support. I wish to express my sincere thanks to my lovely uncle Milton Nkua, my father in law, Lomi Ole Meikasi, my siblings Joseph Sanare for their prayers and encouragement which strongly shaped my academic struggle. Last but not least, I would like to thank my friend Nangda Meikas, Fides Kavishe and Vicky Meikas for their encouragement. iii DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my beloved parents, Mr & Mrs Sanare Koyee, my supervisor Dr. Ahmad Kanyama whom together laid the foundation of my Graduate education. May the almighty God provide them with long and healthier life. iv ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to assess the utility of climate change and variability information for rice farming in Babati district of Manyara region.The subjects in this study were 122, comprising of 97 rice farmers, 07 key informants and 18 members of FGDs. Primary data were collected through questionnaire and checklist. Multiple responses analysis, chi-square test, linear and logistic regression were used to analyze the collected data. The result showed that 95.1% of the respondents had access to climate variability information that was largely based on low or high rainfall (100%), occurrences of floods (56-70%), and delaying/earling of rain season (40-53%). Moreover, 88.4% of respondents accessed the information through mass media. Linear regression results showed that there was a gradual increase (R2=0.2) in temperature from 1995 to 2016, and a simultaneous decrease of rainfall (R2 =0.007) and rice production (R2 =0.04). Also, 74.4% of the respondents together with local leaders (WEO, VEOs) were not integrating climatic information in farming decision. This weakness largely was contributed by inadequate institutional support, inadequate climate information, inadequate communication between farmers and extension officers, and disbelieving of climate information. Further logit regression results showed that education level (Wald statistics=19.1 ; p<0.03) and income level of farmers (Wald statistics=9.8; p<0.05) affect the use of climate information. High cost of farm inputs (94-100%), poor access to credit (78-100%), and poverty (78-95%) were the main challenges that faced farmers who were integrating climatic information in farming decision. Clear link and collaboration is required among actors in the area for effective sharing of climate information and for better adaptation. v TABLE OF CONTENTS CERTIFICATION ....................................................................................................... i DECLARATION AND COPYRIGHT ....................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ....................................................................................... iii DEDICATION ........................................................................................................... iv ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................ v TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................... vi LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................... xi LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................. xii LIST OF PLATES ................................................................................................... xiii LIST OF APPENDICES .......................................................................................... xiv LIST OF ACRONYMS ............................................................................................ xv CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY .... 1 1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Background Information ....................................................................................... 1 1.3 Problem Statement and Justification ..................................................................... 3 1.4 Research Objectives .............................................................................................. 4 1.4.1 General Objective............................................................................................... 4 1.4.2 Specific Objectives............................................................................................. 4 1.5 Research Questions ............................................................................................... 5 1.6 Significance of the Study ...................................................................................... 5 1.7 Scope of the Study ................................................................................................ 6 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................ 7 2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 7 2.2 Definition of Key Terms ....................................................................................... 7 2.2.1 Climate Change .................................................................................................. 7 2.2.2 Climate Variability ............................................................................................. 7 2.2.3 Climate Change and Variability Information ..................................................... 8 2.2.4 Rice as a Crop .................................................................................................... 8 2.2.5 Rice Farming ...................................................................................................... 9 2.3 Theoretical Review ............................................................................................... 9 vi 2.3.1 Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) in Climate Change ............................... 10 2.3.2 An Action Theory of Adaptation to Climate Change ...................................... 11 2.3.3 Policy Review .................................................................................................. 13 2.3.4 Climate Change Information: Availability, Accessibility, and Robustness ..... 14 2.4 Empirical Review ................................................................................................ 15 2.4.1 Climate Change and Rice Farming .................................................................. 15 2.4.1.1 Climate Change and Rice Farming Experience World Wide ....................... 16 2.4.1.2 Climate Change and Rice
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