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A Design for a Suburisan Retention Pond

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A Design for a Suburisan Retention Pond A DESIGN FOR A SUBURISAN RETENTION POND PATRICK WILEY 8 March 2001 A Practicum Submitted to the Facuity of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE Department of Landscape Architecture University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba O December, 2000 Nationaf Library Bibliothèque nationale 1+1 ,,,da du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395. nie Wellington Ottawa ON KI A ON4 OttawaON KlAON4 Canada Canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une Licence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive permettant à la National Lhrary of Canada to Bibliothkque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or sell reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette thése sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de microfiche/^ de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts fkom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent êîre imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. THE UNlVERSlTY OF MANITOBA FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES ***** COPYRIGHT PERMISSION PAGE A Design for a Snburban Retention Pond Patrick Wiley A Thesis/Practicum submitted to the Facalty of Graduate Studies of The University of Manitoba in partial fnlfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Landscape Architecture PATRICK WILEY O 2001 Permission has been granted to the Library of The University of Manitoba to lend or seil. copies of this thesis/practicum, to the National Library of Canada to microfilm this thesidpracticum and to lend or seii copies of the film, and to Dissertations Abstracts International to pnbfish an abstract of this thesidpracticum. The author reserves other publication rights, and neither this thesis/practicum nor extensive extracts from it may be printed or otherwise reproduced without the author's written permission. A bstract This study examines bibliographical research on water quality in Winnipeg's rivers and retention ponds, methods of improving water quality in those retention ponds, and means of accommodating waterfowl that may inhabit the retention ponds. This information is used to create a design for a typical Winnipeg subdivision based around a retention pond which: improves the quality of water in and discharging fiom the pond; provides better habitat for waterfowl; and provides an aesthetically interesting park and pond, which is easily accessed by the community members, Acknowledgements 1 would like to express my gratitude to the people whose assistance was essential in enabling me to complete this project. 1 would like to thank my ptacticum cornmittee, Cari Nelson, Charlie Thomsen, and Natasha Juck, for their effoe insight and encouragement. 1 would dso like to than.Alf Simon., and Ted McLacMan for their earlier assistance. 1 have received valuable information fiom the City of Winnipeg, and the Province of Manitoba, and 1 would like to thank the following people: Cbns Torpey, Land Development Administrator, Land Development Division; Dave Wardrop, Waste and Water Department; Andy Nagy, City of Winnipeg; Eric Charlson, Manitoba groundwater Department; Randy Gadawski, Entomologist, City of Winnipeg; Ken Nawalslq, Insect Control Branch, City of Winnipeg. 1also owe gratitude to individuals in the private sector such as: Gordon Forsyth, Ken Scott, Rob Sunterland, and Greg Nykiforuk for their assistance- Figure 1.1 Winnipeg watershed study area ................. .... 1 1 Figure 5.1 Duck breeding gounds ................................ 56 Figure 5.2 Tunnel nest ................................................... 59 Figure 5.3 Nest raft ......................................................... 60 Figure 5.4 Nest box ......................................................... 60 Figure 6.1 Wetland classes and their associated zones .. 69 Figure 7.1 Site in Winnipeg context ............................... 79 Figure 7.2 Site context .................................................... 80 Figure 7.3 Pasture ........................................................... 81 Figure 7.4 Cemetery ........................................................ 81 Figure 7.5 View of Mint ................................................. 81 Figure 7.6 View of Fermor Avenue ................................ 81 Figure 7.7 View of Fermor.............................................. 81 Figure 7.8 Topography .................................................... 82 Figure 7.9 Southdale drainage pond system.................... 84 Figure 7.10 Existing plan ................................................ 85 Figure 7. Z 1 Public reserve .................... ....... ........... 86 Figure 7.12 Sheltered bench .......................................... 86 Figure 7.13 Grave1 edge ................................................. 86 Figure 7.14 Dominant houses ........................................ 86 Figure 7.15 Higher density housing ............................ ... 86 Figure 7.16 Cul-de-sac ................................................... 87 Figure 8.1 Planting Plan .................................................. 91 Figure 8.2 Wetiand Classifications ................................ 92 Figure 8.3 Shape comparison ......................................... 93 Figure 8.4 Temporary pond and filtration dam .............. 94 Figure 8.5 Section of filtration dam ............................... 95 Figure 8.6 Section of filtration dam and spillway .......... 95 Figure 8.7 Temporary pond with filtration dam ............. 95 Figure 8.8 Temporary pond with filtered drainage 150 .. 96 Figure 8.9 Temporary pond with filtered drainage 1:200.96 Figure 8.10 Plan of cul-de-sac ...................................... 98 Figure 8.1 1 Absorption basin 150 ................................. 99 Figure 8.12 Absorption basin 1200 ............................... 99 Figure 8.13 Cul-de-sac infiltration island 150 ............. 99 Figure 8.14 Cul-de-sac infiltration island 1:200 ............ 99 Figure 8.1 5 Plan of interpretive node and walkway .... 101 Figure 8.16 Plan of interpretive node ...................... .... 102 Figure 8.17 Section of interpetive node ..................... 102 Figure 8.1 8 Section of gabion edge ............................. 103 Figure 8.19 Section of gabions and interpretive node ... 103 Figure 8.20 Section BB (pond section) .......................... 103 Figure 8.21 Plan of Delta node ..................................... 104 Figure 8.22 Section of wallcway, gutter, and overflow planter .... .................................................. 105 Figure 8.23 Section of pond and delta node ................ 105 Figure 8.24 Detail of gutter bridge .............................. 106 Figure 8.25 Section of gutter bridge ............................ 106 Figure 8.26 Pian of gutter bridge ................................. 106 Figure 8.27 Accessibility cornparison .......................... 208 Figure 8.28 Pond with sedimentation forebay ............ 112 Figure 8.29 Sedimentation forebay, with planting bench ................. ...... ...... 112 Figure 8.30 Walkwayl swale ........................................ 113 Figure 8.31 Swale ........................................................ 113 Figure 8.32 Spillway ................................................. 113 Figure 8.33 Wallcway I gutter ........................................ 113 Figure 8.34 Section of swde bridge, 1:5 ..................... 1 14 Figure 8.35 Section of swale bridge, 1:25 ................... 1 14 Figure 8.36 Plan of swale bridge ................................. 1 14 Figure 8.37 Plan of pond bridge ................................... 115 Figure 8.38 Elevation of pond bridge, 1 :100 ............... 1 15 Figure 8.39 Section of pond bridge .............................. 116 Figure 8.40 Elevation of pond bridge, 1 :10 ................. 1 16 Figure 8.41 Plan of corner of bridge ............................ 117 Figure 8.42 Elevation of corner of bridge .................... 117 Figure 8.43 Drainage plan ............................................ 118 Figure 8.44 Grading plan ............................................ 1 19 Table 1.1 Storm results 1975-78 .-.....-.-....... ..... ..-..--. 15 Table 1.2 Average annual loadings ..................... ... 15 .. Acknowledgments ................... .. .................................... ...ii List ofFigures ............................................................. iii List of Tables ................................................................. vi Table of Contents ..................................................... vii Introduction Ove~ewof retention ponds .............,........... ........ 1 Problem ................................................................. 5 Objectives ........................................................... 7 Method ................................................................. 7 Scope of Study ....................................................... 8 Chapters The Winnipeg Watershed .................................... 10 Retention Pond Water Quality ............................... 18 Pollution:Effects and Treatrnents .......................... 25 Eutrophication .................................................... 39 Waterfiowl
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