DOCSLIB.ORG

Low Abundance of the Endangered Timneh Parrot Psittacus Timneh in One of Its Presumed Strongholds

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Low Abundance of the Endangered Timneh Parrot Psittacus Timneh in One of Its Presumed Strongholds Low abundance of the Endangered timneh parrot Psittacus timneh in one of its presumed strongholds S IMON V ALLE,NIGEL J. COLLAR,BENJAMIN B ARCA P ATRICK D AUDA and S TUART J. MARSDEN Abstract Although both the grey parrot Psittacus erithacus most of its range (Clemmons, ; Martin et al., ), and the recently recognized timneh parrot Psittacus timneh but a handful of stronghold areas, such as the Bijagós are categorized as Endangered because of harvest for the pet Archipelago in Guinea-Bissau (Lopes et al., a,b) and trade and loss of habitat, the latter has a much smaller range Sapo National Park in Liberia (Freeman et al., ), may and may be largely restricted to a few stronghold areas. In retain fairly healthy populations of the species (Dändliker, March–April we surveyed for a total of hours in ; Clemmons, ; Lopes et al., b). Recent surveys and around one of these presumed strongholds, the large in Côte d’Ivoire, however, have indicated dramatic declines and well-protected Gola Rainforest National Park, the across the country, including in the most important forest Sierra Leonean portion of the Gola Transboundary Peace protected area, Taï National Park (Marsden et al., ; Park. Timneh parrots were encountered at a rate of . Martin et al., ). groups/h in the National Park and . in the buffer zone, in- The Gola Rainforest National Park is the Sierra Leonean dicating densities of – individuals per km . These figures portion of the , km Gola Transboundary Peace Park are similar to recent density estimates from the Liberian side shared with Liberia. Since the s the National Park has of the Peace Park, suggesting that the transboundary popu- been managed by the national government in partnership lation amounts to c. , individuals inside the Park and an with the UK Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, and unknown number in the surrounding areas. Densities of the in became West Africa’s first verified REDD+ project timneh parrot may be generally low even in strongholds, its (Barca et al., b). As such, it constitutes one of the largest numbers may be declining steeply, and the global popula- and best-managed remnants of the Upper Guinean forest in tion size is probably lower than previously believed. West Africa. Because of the Park’s size and management, and because it lies at the heart of the range of P. timneh,it Keywords Conservation, encounter rate, Gola Rainforest was believed to host a significant proportion of the species’ National Park, grey parrot, Psittacus timneh, Sierra Leone, global population (BirdLife International, b). West Africa, wildlife trade Gola Rainforest National Park (Fig. ) is dominated by lowland moist evergreen high forest, with an annual rainfall he timneh parrot Psittacus timneh, formerly considered of c. , mm, mostly falling in a single wet season from conspecific with the grey parrot Psittacus erithacus,is May to October (Lindsell et al., ). The Park currently T endemic to five countries in the western Upper Guinea consists of two main forest blocks (Gola South, c. km , forests of Africa: from Guinea-Bissau and Guinea through and Gola Central, c. km ) and a smaller sector (Gola Sierra Leone and Liberia to western Côte d’Ivoire (del North, c. km ), surrounded by a -km buffer zone Hoyo & Collar, ). Trapping for the caged bird trade, (c. km ). Formal agreements with most of the local combined with high rates of forest loss, has caused a chiefdoms in the buffer zone support small-scale agri- major decline of the species across its range (Martin et al., culture, agroforestry and other local livelihood activities ). Although both Psittacus species have recently aimed at reducing intensive exploitation of the forest. been recategorized as Endangered on the IUCN Red List However, illegal gold and diamond prospecting, plus po- (BirdLife International, b), P. timneh has the smaller tential concessions to oil palm companies, are an ongoing range and population. It has probably disappeared from threat (BirdLife International, a). From March to April , SV spent hours across days surveying for P. timneh in and around Gola SIMON VALLE (Corresponding author, orcid.org/0000-0001-9402-1360) Rainforest National Park, including the two main blocks, School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, with . hours (across days) inside the Park and . UK. E-mail [email protected] hours (across days) in the buffer zone. Walking surveys NIGEL J. COLLAR BirdLife International, Cambridge, UK occupied %( hours) of this time and observations BENJAMIN BARCA and PATRICK DAUDA Royal Society for the Protection of Birds/ from fixed points %( hours). Only one site, Gola Gola Rainforest National Park, Kenema, Sierra Leone South, was surveyed twice from the Sileti guest house, for STUART J. MARSDEN School of Science & the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK minutes each time. As dense vegetation prevented safe access and because of time constraints, surveys were con- Received March . Revision requested May . Accepted June . First published online October . ducted only along forest trails (% of survey hours) or Oryx, 2020, 54(1), 74–76 © 2019 Fauna & Flora International doi:10.1017/S0030605319000802 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.34.90, on 28 Sep 2021 at 03:50:58, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605319000802 Endangered timneh parrot 75 FIG. 1 Gola Rainforest National Park with its -km buffer zone and the locations of the transects surveyed for the timneh parrot Psittacus timneh. transects cut for a previous study of primates (% of survey TABLE 1 Summary of encounters of the parrot Psittacus timneh hours). Surveys were at all hours of the day from morning to within Gola Rainforest National Park and its buffer zone during dusk (but were suspended during rain or strong winds), March‒April . and all P. timneh heard and seen were counted. Encounter Survey Survey No. of No. of rates (groups/h) were subsequently computed for both the hours days encounters individuals National Park and its buffer zone, and from these numbers Gola Rainforest National Park density was inferred using the calibration in Marsden et al. Gola Central 29.6 5 3 6 (). A number of factors (e.g. detectability, observer skill, Gola South 41.3 7 5 10 seasonal variation in group size, local variability in bird mo- Buffer zone bility) may affect the precision of estimates calculated with Lalehun 15.0 7 1 2 this method, resulting in progressively larger confidence Nyayema 5.6 1 1 2 intervals at higher densities. Community Forest Nomo Faama 22.6 5 10 18 During surveys P. timneh was encountered times (on Chiefdom of days; eight times in Gola Rainforest National Park, Total 114.1 25 20 38 times in the buffer zone), with a total of individuals recorded ( in the National Park, in the buffer zone); the Nomo Faama Chiefdom, in the buffer zone, accounted considered a probable stronghold of the species and has for most encounters and individuals (Table ). Parrots were benefited from long-term, effective conservation manage- only recorded in small groups (mean . ± SD .). Overall en- ment, as manifest by its extensive well-preserved forest counter rate was . groups/h (. in the National Park, . and healthy populations of frugivore species such as the in the buffer zone), which approximates to individual per Vulnerable yellow-casqued hornbill Ceratogymna elata km (%CI–) in the National Park, and per km (% (Valle et al., ) and Endangered Upper Guinea red colo- CI –) in the buffer zone. bus Piliocolobus badius (Barca et al., a). We do not This study, although brief, is the most extensive survey know whether P. timneh has always had a low density in of P. timneh conducted in and around Gola Rainforest the National Park or has suffered recent declines, but the National Park. We found densities much lower than those sparse evidence points to the latter. Anecdotal reports of of reasonably healthy populations of the congeneric grey large numbers of birds formerly roosting in the Nomo parrot (Marsden et al., ), although they were similar Faama Chiefdom (PD, pers. obs.) and of previous heavy to the . individuals per km found in the Liberian trapping suggest that harvest for the pet trade may have portion of the Transboundary Peace Park where, however, played a major role in reducing the area’s population. We aflockof birds was seen on one occasion (Marsden found no indication that parrots are currently trapped et al., , ). The Gola Rainforest National Park is there for the pet trade. Surveys in yielded similarly Oryx, 2020, 54(1), 74–76 © 2019 Fauna & Flora International doi:10.1017/S0030605319000802 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.34.90, on 28 Sep 2021 at 03:50:58, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605319000802 76 S. Valle et al. low encounter rates (Dowsett-Lemaire & Dowsett, ) BARCA, B., TURAY, B.S., KANNEH, B.A., & TAYLEUR,C.(b) Nest and in P. timneh was recorded at only one locality out- ecology and conservation of Western Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in Gola Rainforest National Park, Sierra Leone. Primate side the National Park, on the border with Liberia (Demey, – Conservation, , . ). The highest number of encounters was recorded in BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL (a) Important Bird Areas Factsheet: the Nomo Faama Chiefdom; this could be because exploi- Gola Forests. Http://www.birdlife.org [accessed February ]. tation there is more focused on gold mining than on agricul- BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL (b) Species Factsheet: Psittacus ture (i.e. disturbance and forest clearing are less extensive). timneh. Http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/ There were a similar number of records in the National Park [accessed February ].
Load more

Recommended publications
  • State of Africa's Birds
    An assessment by the BirdLife Africa Partnership1 State of Africa’s birds INTRODUCTION: The importance of birds and biodiversity Biodiversity Foreword underpins In 2009, BirdLife Botswana, the BirdLife Partner in Botswana, working with the Government of Botswana, established a Bird Population Monitoring (BPM) Programme. The BPM Programme is part of our lives the global Wild Bird Index effort, which uses information on birds to assess the overall condition of ecosystems and the environment on which we all depend. These trends will be used to set Africa is rich in its variety of conservation priorities, report on biodiversity changes (including the response of fauna and flora to living things, together referred climate change), as well as serve as useful inputs to State Of the Environment Reports and national to as biodiversity. Biodiversity reports to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). is fundamental to human wellbeing: it offers multiple Currently there are over 350 volunteers supporting the programme who regularly monitor 241 transects spread throughout the country. My Government has been particularly supportive of the BPM opportunities for development Programme because it, among other things, bolsters the participation of rural communities in natural and improving livelihoods. resources management. Additionally, analysis of bird data will influence environmental policies and It is the basis for essential their implementation (e.g. game bird hunting quotas, and the control of the Red-billed Quelea), environmental services upon land-use planning and tourism development. The science of using bird information by the BirdLife which life on earth depends. Global Partnership to inform policies has far reaching impacts from local to global level.
    [Show full text]
  • Low Abundance of the Endangered Timneh Parrot Psittacus Timneh in One
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Bangor University Research Portal Low abundance of the Endangered timneh parrot Psittacus timneh in one ANGOR UNIVERSITY of its presumed strongholds Valle, Simon; Collar, Nigel; Barca, Benjamin; Dauda, Patrick; Marsden, Stuart Oryx DOI: 10.1017/S0030605319000802 PRIFYSGOL BANGOR / B Published: 01/01/2020 Peer reviewed version Cyswllt i'r cyhoeddiad / Link to publication Dyfyniad o'r fersiwn a gyhoeddwyd / Citation for published version (APA): Valle, S., Collar, N., Barca, B., Dauda, P., & Marsden, S. (2020). Low abundance of the Endangered timneh parrot Psittacus timneh in one of its presumed strongholds. Oryx, 54(1), 74- 76. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605319000802 Hawliau Cyffredinol / General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. 09. Oct. 2020 Low abundance of the Endangered timneh parrot Psittacus timneh in one of its presumed strongholds S IMON V ALLE,NIGEL J.
    [Show full text]
  • Low Abundance of the Endangered Timneh Parrot Psittacus Timneh in One of Its Presumed Strongholds
    Low abundance of the Endangered timneh parrot Psittacus timneh in one of its presumed strongholds S IMON V ALLE,NIGEL J. COLLAR,BENJAMIN B ARCA P ATRICK D AUDA and S TUART J. MARSDEN Abstract Although both the grey parrot Psittacus erithacus most of its range (Clemmons, ; Martin et al., ), and the recently recognized timneh parrot Psittacus timneh but a handful of stronghold areas, such as the Bijagós are categorized as Endangered because of harvest for the pet Archipelago in Guinea-Bissau (Lopes et al., a,b) and trade and loss of habitat, the latter has a much smaller range Sapo National Park in Liberia (Freeman et al., ), may and may be largely restricted to a few stronghold areas. In retain fairly healthy populations of the species (Dändliker, March–April we surveyed for a total of hours in ; Clemmons, ; Lopes et al., b). Recent surveys and around one of these presumed strongholds, the large in Côte d’Ivoire, however, have indicated dramatic declines and well-protected Gola Rainforest National Park, the across the country, including in the most important forest Sierra Leonean portion of the Gola Transboundary Peace protected area, Taï National Park (Marsden et al., ; Park. Timneh parrots were encountered at a rate of . Martin et al., ). groups/h in the National Park and . in the buffer zone, in- The Gola Rainforest National Park is the Sierra Leonean dicating densities of – individuals per km . These figures portion of the , km Gola Transboundary Peace Park are similar to recent density estimates from the Liberian side shared with Liberia. Since the s the National Park has of the Peace Park, suggesting that the transboundary popu- been managed by the national government in partnership lation amounts to c.
    [Show full text]
  • Chbird 21 Previous Page, a Blue and Yellow Macaw (Ara Ararauna)
    itizing Watch Dig bird Parrots in Southeast Asian Public Collections Aviculture has greatly evolved during the past 50 years, from keeping a collection of colorful birds to operating captive breeding programs to sustain trade and establish a viable captive population for threatened species. Many bird families are now fairly well represented in captivity, but parrots have a special place. Story and photography by Pierre de Chabannes AFA Watchbird 21 Previous page, a Blue and Yellow Macaw (Ara ararauna). Above, a bizarre version of a Black Lory, maybe Chalcopsitta atra insignis. hat makes parrots so attractive colorful species to be found there and the Southeast Asia, the Philippines and the four to both professional breeders, big areas of unexplored forests, both inland main Islands of western Indonesia, namely Wbirdwatchers and zoo visitors is and insular, that could provide the discov- Borneo, Sumatra, Java and Bali, along with a combination of many factors, including erer with many new bird varieties like it did their satellite islands. Here, the forests are their bright colors, their conspicuousness, recently in Papua New Guinea. mostly to be qualifi ed as tropical wet rain- their powerful voice coupled with complex Th e diversity and distribution of parrots forests with a much more humid climate behaviour that allows them to be spotted in this region follows a pattern described throughout the year and less important sea- easily in the fi eld and, most important of all, by Alfred Russel Wallace in the 19th Cen- sonal variations. their ability to interact with humans and tury with the clear separation from the Finally, Wallacea is really a transitional even “learn” new kinds of behaviours from Asian and the Australian zoogeographical zone which has characteristics of both Asian them.
    [Show full text]
  • [email protected] Is the Grey Parrot Doomed for Extinction In
    Article written by Nathaniel Annorbah email: [email protected] Is the Grey Parrot doomed for extinction in Ghana? The Grey Parrot Psittacus erithacus and its recently separated sister species Timneh Parrot P. timneh―both listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List―do not have the usual very colourful and attractive plumage colours as found in many other parrots, with the exception of the bright red tail (dark maroon coloured tail in Timneh). However, they have great popularity, which can be attributed to their remarkable abilities to copy the human voice and indeed to interact meaningfully with their owners. Unfortunately, this popularity has been more or less a “curse” for the species, and places them among the most heavily traded of all parrots. The impact of the excessive trade in the species is further confounded by habitat loss and degradation. Grey Parrot Photo: Wikimedia commons Article written by Nathaniel Annorbah email: [email protected] Scarlet macaw Ara macao Photo: Wikimedia commons The Grey Parrot has a huge range of nearly three million square kilometres (sq. km) over much of West and Central Africa, inhabiting the Guinean forests of the region. In Ghana, the species’ range covers some 75,000 sq. km. In close collaboration with our colleague at BirdLife International, our recent study here at Manchester Metropolitan University, shows that Ghana’s Grey Parrot population has declined drastically (90-99%) over the last two decades, and the future looks very uncertain for the species if the situation is not urgently addressed. We reviewed the species’ historical abundance across Ghana, and undertook targeted searches during 3- to 5-day visits to 42 different 100 sq.
    [Show full text]
  • Winter 2013 Winter 2013
    The Magazine of the Winter 2013 Winter 2013 From the Chairman We have dedicated this issue of PsittaScene to the parrots of Africa and our work to learn Glanmor House, Hayle about and protect them. Firstly, let me tell you about a new member of staff. For many years Cornwall TR27 4HB UK Dr. Rowan Martin has impressed us with his scientific, academic and organisational skills, and www.parrots.org I’m please that he is now serving the World Parrot Trust as Manager of our Africa Conservation Programme. His appointment will greatly increase our capacity in this area and is an exciting CONTENTS step forward for our on-going work in Africa. 2 From the Chairman Rowan played a key role in coordinating a review of the state of research and conservation of Alison Hales parrots in Africa and Madagascar (p5). He was also present for a historic workshop recently held 4 The Parrots of Africa in Monrovia, Liberia. The workshop was organised by BirdLife International on behalf of the What we know, what we don’t know CITES secretariat, and brought together representatives from a number of countries with the 8 Welcome common goal of strengthening the monitoring and regulation of international trade of Grey Dr. Rowan Martin and Timneh Parrots. Participants from government, NGOs and academia presented the findings WPT Africa Conservation Programme of pilot studies of survey methods, trends in populations and patterns of legal and illegal trade. 9 Conservation Hero Although significant challenges remain, by the end of the workshop delegates from Liberia, Ofir Drori Côte d’Ivoire, Sierra Leone, Democratic Republic of Congo and Cameroon had already begun 10 Wild Flights the task of drawing up national management plans: identifying, prioritising and assigning African Grey release with Jane Goodall responsibilities for the key projects to be implemented.
    [Show full text]
  • Growing Concern for the Timneh Parrot
    Growing concern for the Timneh parrot By Simon Valle, 17th October 2019 Over the last few years the plight of the Endangered grey parrot Psittacus erithacus has sparked growing concern amongst conservationists, as wild populations have declined dramatically over much of the species’ vast distribution range. There has been a renewed effort by scientists to investigate the causes of the grey parrot’s near-extinction in Ghana, understand its population dynamics in São Tomé and Príncipe, monitor its abundance in Cameroon, and track its trade globally. The congeneric Timneh parrot Psittacus timenh, however, has not attracted the same level of attention, despite also being categorized as Endangered yet limited to a much smaller range (from Guinea-Bissau and Guinea through Sierra Leone and Liberia to western Côte d’Ivoire). Areas in the immediate surroundings of the park’s 4-km buffer zone are cleared to make space for subsistence farming. The national park authorities have set up formal agreements with most of the communities to encourage small-scale agriculture, agroforestry and other local livelihood activities aimed at reducing intensive exploitation of the forest. In 2018 researchers from Bangor University, Manchester Metropolitan University and BirdLife, funded by the Parrot Wildlife Foundation, assessed the status of the Timneh Parrot in one of its supposed strongholds, Gola Rainforest National Park. This park is the Sierra Leonean portion of the Transboundary Peace Park, which is shared with Liberia. The study was part of a larger effort to train and plan for long-term monitoring system of the species, using encounter rate. Researchers were disappointed and alarmed to find very low densities of parrots in the park and only slightly higher numbers in the surrounding buffer zones.
    [Show full text]
  • Handbook of Avian Hybrids of the World
    Handbook of Avian Hybrids of the World EUGENE M. McCARTHY OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Handbook of Avian Hybrids of the World This page intentionally left blank Handbook of Avian Hybrids of the World EUGENE M. MC CARTHY 3 2006 3 Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugual Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright © 2006 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data McCarthy, Eugene M. Handbook of avian hybrids of the world/Eugene M. McCarthy. p. cm. ISBN-13 978-0-19-518323-8 ISBN 0-19-518323-1 1. Birds—Hybridization. 2. Birds—Hybridization—Bibliography. I. Title. QL696.5.M33 2005 598′.01′2—dc22 2005010653 987654321 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper For Rebecca, Clara, and Margaret This page intentionally left blank For he who is acquainted with the paths of nature, will more readily observe her deviations; and vice versa, he who has learnt her deviations, will be able more accurately to describe her paths.
    [Show full text]
  • Winter 2019/20 Winter 2019/20 CONTENTS
    Magazine of the Winter 2019/20 Winter 2019/20 CONTENTS Message from the Chairperson 4 Alison Hales 30TH ANNIVERSARY SINCE 1989 The Timnehs of Sierra Leone Glanmor House, Hayle 5 WPT-supported research Cornwall TR27 4HB UK [email protected] +44 (0)1736 751026 www.parrots.org The Malherbe’s Parakeet 9 New Zealand’s winged gem ABOUT THE WPT WPT Africa Conservation Program Capture for the live-bird trade, 12 2019 in review habitat loss and other factors put wild parrots at risk. One in three parrot species are currently Pet Pages: threatened in the wild. 14 Why Train a Parrot? As an international leader in parrot conservation and welfare, the Paradise Park UK World Parrot Trust works Where birds inspire with researchers, in-country 16 organisations, communities and governments to encourage 20 Mshindi the Survivor: effective solutions that save parrots. Rescued Grey Parrots thriving in the wild 20 Since 1989 the WPT has grown to send a message of hope become a global force that moves quickly to address urgent issues and support long-term projects. PsittaNews Over that time WPT has led or 14 22 Parrot News and Updates aided conservation and welfare WPT Contacts projects in 43 countries for more 16 than 70 species of parrot. Parrots in the Wild Peach-faced Lovebirds CHARITY INFORMATION 24 United Kingdom: # 800944 United States: EIN 62-1561595 Canada: BN 89004 1171 RR0001 ON THE COVER Photo © Aaron Fellmeth Photography Also known as the Orange-fronted Parakeet, the Malherbe’s Parakeet (Cyanoramphus malherbi) is listed as Critically Endangered (IUCN) in its native southern New Zealand, with fewer than 300 individuals left in the Editor: Desi Milpacher wild.
    [Show full text]
  • From the Cage to the Wild: Introductions of Psittaciformes to Puerto Rico with Emphasis on the Invasive Ecology of the White-Winged Parakeet
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/264937; this version posted February 14, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. From the cage to the wild: Introductions of Psittaciformes to Puerto Rico with emphasis on the invasive ecology of the white-winged parakeet Wilfredo Falcón L.1,2, *, † and Raymond L. Tremblay1,2 1 Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico at Humacao, 100 Carr. 908, Humacao, Puerto Rico 00791, USA. 2 Center for Applied Tropical Ecology and Conservation, PO BOX 23341, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras, Puerto Rico, 00931-3341. * Corresponding author: [email protected] † Present address: Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland. 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/264937; this version posted February 14, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Abstract In this study, we assessed invasions of Psittaciformes in Puerto Rico. We reviewed the literature, public databases, citizen science records, and performed in situ population surveys across the island to determine the historical and current status and distribution of psittacine species. We used count data from Ebird to determine population trends. For species whose populations were increasing, we modelled their potential distribution using niche modeling techniques. Focusing on the white-winged parakeet (Brotogeris versicolurus), which was considered the most successful psittacine species by the year 2000, we evaluated the population size, calculated growth rates and estimated the breeding proportion in two populations by performing roost counts for four consecutive years.
    [Show full text]
  • Aov Published Article.Pdf
    Kent Academic Repository Full text document (pdf) Citation for published version Fogell, Deborah J. and Martin, Rowan O. and Groombridge, Jim J. (2016) Beak and feather disease virus in wild and captive parrots: an analysis of geographic and taxonomic distribution and methodological trends. Archives of Virology . pp. 1-16. ISSN 0304-8608. DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-016-2871-2 Link to record in KAR http://kar.kent.ac.uk/56194/ Document Version Publisher pdf Copyright & reuse Content in the Kent Academic Repository is made available for research purposes. Unless otherwise stated all content is protected by copyright and in the absence of an open licence (eg Creative Commons), permissions for further reuse of content should be sought from the publisher, author or other copyright holder. Versions of research The version in the Kent Academic Repository may differ from the final published version. Users are advised to check http://kar.kent.ac.uk for the status of the paper. Users should always cite the published version of record. Enquiries For any further enquiries regarding the licence status of this document, please contact: [email protected] If you believe this document infringes copyright then please contact the KAR admin team with the take-down information provided at http://kar.kent.ac.uk/contact.html Arch Virol DOI 10.1007/s00705-016-2871-2 REVIEW Beak and feather disease virus in wild and captive parrots: an analysis of geographic and taxonomic distribution and methodological trends Deborah J. Fogell1 • Rowan O. Martin2,3 • Jim J. Groombridge1 Received: 9 January 2016 / Accepted: 24 April 2016 Ó The Author(s) 2016.
    [Show full text]
  • The Extinction of the Carolina Parakeet and Multiple Dimensions of Global Parrot Biodiversity Kevin R
    University of Connecticut OpenCommons@UConn Doctoral Dissertations University of Connecticut Graduate School 5-4-2017 The Extinction of the Carolina Parakeet and Multiple Dimensions of Global Parrot Biodiversity Kevin R. Burgio University of Connecticut - Storrs, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/dissertations Recommended Citation Burgio, Kevin R., "The Extinction of the Carolina Parakeet and Multiple Dimensions of Global Parrot Biodiversity" (2017). Doctoral Dissertations. 1422. https://opencommons.uconn.edu/dissertations/1422 The Extinction of the Carolina Parakeet and Multiple Dimensions of Global Parrot Biodiversity Kevin Roy Burgio, PhD University of Connecticut, 2017 The study of the ecology of a species has traditionally ceased when that species goes extinct, despite the benefit to current and future generations of potential findings. We used the Carolina parakeet to develop a framework investigating the distributional limits, migratory habits, and extinction process as a means to recover important information. We developed a comprehensive database of every known occurrence of this iconic species. Using a combination of environmental niche modeling and extinction estimating analyses, our results demonstrate that the Carolina parakeet’s range was smaller than previously believed, the eastern and western subspecies occupied different niches with broad geographic separation, and that the western subspecies was a seasonal migrant while the eastern subspecies was not. We also found that it was likely habitat loss played a major role in their extinction. Our study highlights the importance of collecting occurrence data of extinct species and provides a framework for further investigations of other extinct species. Moreover, the recovery of lost autecological knowledge could benefit the conservation of other species currently in decline.
    [Show full text]