without the payment of an initiation fee. Thereupon, the Friends Friends the Thereupon, fee. initiation an of payment the without Germany were to be admitted to the Friends of New Germany Germany New of Friends the to admitted be to were Germany
formation of Emerson's Friends of Germany. Germany. of Friends Emerson's of formation of Germany was dissolved. dissolved. was Germany of
negotiated an arrangement whereby the members of the Friends of of Friends the of members the whereby arrangement an negotiated
names—the Friends of Germany and the Friends of New Germany— New of Friends the and Germany of Friends names—the
German-American Bund, appeared on the scene shortly after the the after shortly scene the on appeared Bund, German-American
constrained to apologize for the Alexandria Post O Post Alexandria the for apologize to constrained
far. My latest German mail arrived so mischievously rumpled that postman felt felt postman that rumpled mischievously so arrived mail German latest My far.
and your fatherland that you are able to overcome attendant inconveniences. inconveniences. attendant overcome to able are you that fatherland your and
stood that for such small services I do not expect any honorarium. honorarium. any expect not do I services small such for that stood
since nearly all the local papers assiduously suppressed it. It is of course under- course of is It it. suppressed assiduously papers local the all nearly since of your dangerous post. You are so constantly devoting yourself to Transocean Transocean to yourself devoting constantly so are You post. dangerous your of
. with Emerson. Exhibit 122, in appendix—Part II, reads as follows: follows: as reads II, appendix—Part in 122, Exhibit Emerson. with .
report about an occurrence which may have escaped your local representative, representative, local your escaped have may which occurrence an about report
Fuehrer." The letter is addressed to Tonn, Zapp's assistant. assistant. Zapp's Tonn, to addressed is letter The Fuehrer."
Mr. TONNy TONNy Mr.
report to Transocean and closed his letter with a "Sieg-Heil for your your for "Sieg-Heil a with letter his closed and Transocean to report
please send me a note. note. a me send please
$3.00 a week. week. a $3.00
individual opinion and comment. comment. and opinion individual
Central Europe and does not permit its correspondence to color facts with with facts color to correspondence its permit not does and Europe Central
and Germany. Transocean carries all of the official government statements of of statements government official the of all carries Transocean Germany. and
a privately owned corporation, not to be confused with the DNB (Deutsches (Deutsches DNB the with confused be to not corporation, owned privately a ern news and has an excellent coverage of the Bahies, the Balkans, the Orient Orient the Balkans, the Bahies, the of coverage excellent an has and news ern
tion to make its news reports available to individuals, Interested in Central Central in Interested individuals, to available reports news its make to tion
Nachrichtenbuero), Transocean specializes in Central European and Near East, East, Near and European Central in specializes Transocean Nachrichtenbuero),
our Transocean News Service. Service. News Transocean our
European events. events. European
ocean News Service, the committee found two pieces of correspondence correspondence of pieces two found committee the Service, News ocean
Col. EDWIN EMERSON, EMERSON, EDWIN Col.
58 58
In May 1934, the leaders of the two organizations with similar similar with organizations two the of leaders the 1934, May In
Of your reports, which are always welcome, only two have failed to appear to failed have two only welcome, always are which reports, your Of
The Friends of Germany was organized in 1933 by Emerson. Emerson. by 1933 in organized was Germany of Friends The
The Friends of New Germany, immediate predecessor of the the of predecessor immediate Germany, New of Friends The
With a Sieg-lleil for your Fuehrer, Fuehrer, your for Sieg-lleil a With
DEAR MR, MR, DEAR
As I have stated orally to you, you have my sincere sympathy in the difficulties- the in sympathy sincere my have you you, to orally stated have I As
If you are interested in the Transocean News Service for your own information, information, own your for Service News Transocean the in interested are you If
The Transocean News Service reports, which will be issued issued be will which reports, Service News Transocean The
Subsequent to this offer from Zapp, Emerson voluntarily sent in a a in sent voluntarily Emerson Zapp, from offer this to Subsequent
The Transocean News Service, whose headquarters are in Berlin, Germany, is is Germany, Berlin, in are headquarters whose Service, News Transocean The
DEAR DEAR
In these times of crisis and war, the Transocean News Service is in the posi- the in is Service News Transocean the war, and crisis of times these In
In connection with its exposure of Manfred Zapp and the Trans- the and Zapp Manfred of exposure its with connection In
Transocean, 341 Madison Avenue, Avenue, Madison 341 Transocean,
6 Edgewood Terrace, Alexandria, Va., Va., Alexandria, Terrace, Edgewood 6
Yours, Yours,
Very truly yours, yours, truly Very
Sim: According to your request I am sending you, for a month on trial trial on month a for you, sending am I request your to According Sim:
Torcx: In accordance with my promise I am sending you a brief a you sending am I promise my with accordance In Torcx:
UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIEH ACTIVITIEH PROPAGANDA UN-AMERICAN
FRIENDS OF GERMANY GERMANY OF FRIENDS
New York Oily. Oily. York New
Belie Haven. Haven. Belie
5 Encawoon Encawoon 5
Alexandria, Va., September 28, 1039. 1039. 28, September Va., Alexandria,
(Signed) (Signed)
ffi
TERM, BELLE HAVEN, HAVEN, BELLE TERM,
ce. ce.
SEPTEMBER SEPTEMBER
EDWIN EMERSON. EMERSON. EDWIN
MAN7renn MAN7renn
daily, daily,
13, 1939. 1939. 13,
would cost cost would
ZAPP, ZAPP,
-
so. so.
-
ship was ever truly deceived concerning its objectives. objectives. its concerning deceived truly ever was ship
slavia's Pavelic. Operating under the flimsy pretext of cultural objec- cultural of pretext flimsy the under Operating Pavelic. slavia's
strongly confirmed the widely held suspicion of the subversive char- subversive the of suspicion held widely the confirmed strongly
Quisling, Czechoslovakia's Henlein, Henlein, Czechoslovakia's Quisling,
German nationals, the German Lund. Lund. German the nationals, German
impossible to believe that any considerable proportion of its member- its of proportion considerable any that believe to impossible
Chicago. Chicago. membership lists in order to prevent their coming into the hands of of hands the into coming their prevent to order in lists membership
fied concerning the German-American Bund and its counterpart for for counterpart its and Bund German-American the concerning fied
Fritz Kuhn had ordered the destruction of bund correspondence and and correspondence bund of destruction the ordered had Kuhn Fritz
everywhere a Nazi agency working for disruption, espionage, sabotage, sabotage, espionage, disruption, for working agency Nazi a everywhere
bund leaders. Nevertheless, the very act of destroying its records records its destroying of act very the Nevertheless, leaders. bund
In an all-day session, the committee heard four witnesses who testi- who witnesses four heard committee the session, all-day an In
made familiar by the Nazis in such organizations as those of Norway's Norway's of those as organizations such in Nazis the by familiar made American Bund, together with the dates of their appearance and the the and appearance their of dates the with together Bund, American this committee. At the very outset of its investigations, therefore, therefore, investigations, its of outset very the At committee. this
tives and general German-American welfare, the bund was always and and always was bund the welfare, German-American general and tives
obtain evidence of the bund's character from the inside. inside. the from character bund's the of evidence obtain
and treason. The bund's pious pretenses were were pretenses pious bund's The treason. and
ceded the formation of the German-American Bund and had later, for for later, had and Bund German-American the of formation the ceded
acter and aims of the German-American Bund Bund German-American the of aims and acter
Gissibl, who had been active in the pro-Nazi organizations which pre- which organizations pro-Nazi the in active been had who Gissibl,
These included some of the outstanding leaders of the bund itself. itself. bund the of leaders outstanding the of some included These
tigator a man who had become a member of the bund in order to to order in bund the of member a become had who man a tigator
the committee was faced with the defiance and recalcitrance of the the of recalcitrance and defiance the with faced was committee the
the committee in public sessions and gave testimony on. the German- the on. testimony gave and sessions public in committee the
a period of more than a year, been the local leader of the bund in in bund the of leader local the been year, a than more of period a
The most important of the committee's first witnesses was Peter Peter was witnesses first committee's the of important most The
The German-American Lund followed closely the pattern of treason treason of pattern the closely followed Lund German-American The
The following is a tabulation of the witnesses who appeared before before appeared who witnesses the of tabulation a is following The
During the latter half of 1938, the committee employed as an inves- an as employed committee the 1938, of half latter the During On August 12, 1938, this committee held its first public hearings. hearings. public first its held committee this 1938, 12, August On It was definitely established through the testimony of Gissibl that that Gissibl of testimony the through established definitely was It
The committee heard 23 witnesses on the blind in public sessions, sessions, public in blind the on witnesses 23 heard committee The
THE COMMITTEE'S INVESTIGATION INVESTIGATION COMMITTEE'S THE
GERMAN-AMERICAN BUND BUND GERMAN-AMERICAN
(Amerikadeutscher Volksbund) Volksbund) (Amerikadeutscher
organizations Degrelle, and Jugo- and Degrelle, organizations
so so
shallow that it is is it that shallow 59 59
Wilhelm Kunze, the committee found the following things: things: following the found committee the Kunze, Wilhelm
in the conviction of all the defendants. In this report, based largely largely based report, this In defendants. the all of conviction the in
upon documents obtained from the personal effects of Gerhard Gerhard of effects personal the from obtained documents upon
recent trial of bund leaders in New York, a trial which resulted resulted which trial a York, New in leaders bund of trial recent
annual reports to the House. House. the to reports annual dealing exclusively with the bund. This report is known as Appen- Appen- as known is report This bund. the with exclusively dealing
dix--Part dix--Part
Beobachter, which was the blind's official organ. organ. official blind's the was which Beobachter,
gators spent their entire time in examining the publications of the the of publications the examining in time entire their spent gators
this committee dealt at length with the German-American Bund. Bund. German-American the with length at dealt committee this
(See pp. 91-113 of that report.) The same was done in subsequent subsequent in done was same The report.) that of 91-113 pp. (See
sessions of the committee, 56 other witnesses were heard on the bund bund the on heard were witnesses other 56 committee, the of sessions
who were acquainted with the German. language. . These investi- These . language. German. the with acquainted were who
in executive sessions of the committee. committee. the of sessions executive in
German-American Bund, particularly the Deutscher Weekruf and and Weekruf Deutscher the particularly Bund, German-American
Theodore Oraebner Oraebner Theodore
John C. Metcalfe Metcalfe C. John
John C. Metcalfe Metcalfe C. John
John C. Metcalfe Metcalfe C. John
Bernhard Hoffman Hoffman Bernhard LeRoy Schulr Schulr LeRoy
Arnold Gingrich____._ Gingrich____._ Arnold
John C. C. John
John M. M. John
James J. Metcalfe Metcalfe J. James
Roy Roy
found: found:
Frank Davin Davin Frank
Peter Oissibl Oissibl Peter
John C. Metcalfe._.__. Metcalfe._.__. C. John
pages of the committee's hearings on which their testimony may be be may testimony their which on hearings committee's the of pages
60 60
Do Do
Do Do
Do Do
Do Do
Do Do
Do Do
In January 1941, the committee issued a special report of 178 pages pages 178 of report special a issued committee the 1941, January In
In its first report to the House of Representatives in January 1939, 1939, January in Representatives of House the to report first its In
For several months the committee employed special investigators investigators special employed committee the months several For
In addition to the foregoing witnesses who were heard in public public in heard were who witnesses foregoing the to addition In
P. P.
fighters" for national -socialism. . . -socialism. national for fighters"
and "blind obedience" to the bund's fuehrer. fuehrer. bund's the to obedience" "blind and
machine in Germany. Germany. in machine
carrying out its program. program. its out carrying
efficiency of the military set-up which characterized Hitler's Hitler's characterized which set-up military the of efficiency
Monohan Monohan
witness witness
Metealfo Metealfo
4, That the bund anticipated the necessity of violence in in violence of necessity the anticipated bund the That 4,
3. 3.
2. 2.
Sweeney Sweeney
1. 1.
That the bond demanded that its members be "fanatical "fanatical be members its that demanded bond the That
That bund members were subjected to "absolute loyalty" loyalty" "absolute to subjected were members bund That
That the bund was characterized by the same ruthless ruthless same the by characterized was bund the That
THE COMMITTEE'S REPORTS ON THE BLIND BLIND THE ON REPORTS COMMITTEE'S THE
i i
UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES PROPAGANDA UN-AMERICAN
Thia report was introduced by the prosetution in the the in prosetution the by introduced was report Thia
- -
Dec. 14,1938 14,1938 Dec.
Dec, Dec,
Nov. Nov.
Nov. 19,1938 19,1938 Nov.
Nov. 16,1938 16,1938 Nov.
Nov. Nov.
Sept. la 1038 1038 la Sept.
Sept. 15.1938 15.1938 Sept.
Sept. 30,1938 30,1938 Sept.
Oct. Oct.
Sept. Sept.
Sept. 20,1938 20,1938 Sept.
Nov. Nov.
Oct. Oct.
Aug. 12,1938 12,1938 Aug.
Date of ap- ap- of Date
pearence pearence
'do...... 'do...
do do do do
do do
do do
21,1938 21,1938
moues moues
28.1038 28.1038
0,1938 0,1938
5.1938 5.1938 6,1938 6,1938
5,1938 5,1938
1. 1.
f f
1025-3027 1025-3027
3004-3015 • • 3004-3015
2287-2288 2287-2288
1221-1237 1221-1237
1091 1203-1219 1203-1219
2386-2389 2386-2389 1183-1180 1183-1180
2340-2303 2340-2303 1141-1102 1141-1102
1107-1139 1107-1139
2235-2246 2235-2246
2129-2142 2129-2142 1028-1037 1028-1037
2118-2129 2118-2129
commit- commit-
hearing hearing
Page of of Page
tee tee
-
84-86 84-86
76-84 76-84
72-75 72-75
47-72 47-72
1006 1006
2117 2117
3-99 3-99
Otto Rohner Rohner Otto
Herman Herman
Neil Howard Ness._ Ness._ Howard Neil
A. M. M. A.
Arthur H, Bell Bell H, Arthur
August Klapprott Klapprott August
Richard W. Werner Werner W. Richard
Gerhard Wilhelm Kunze Kunze Wilhelm Gerhard
Richard Richard
Gerhart U. Serer Serer U. Gerhart Fritz Kuhn Kuhn Fritz
Henry D. Allen Allen D. Henry
John John
Robert B. Barker Barker B. Robert
pollen Vooros Vooros pollen Fritz Kuhn Kuhn Fritz
Do Do
Do Do
Do Do
Do Do
C. Metcalfe Metcalfe C.
Young Young
Willson Willson
T. Forbes Forbes T.
A. A.
Rios Rios
__ __
Oct. Oct.
Oct. Oct.
Oct. Oct.
Oct. Oct.
Oct. Oct.
Aug. 24.1930 24.1930 Aug. Oct. Oct. 25,1039 Sept.
Aug. 22 1930 1930 22 Aug. Oct. Oct.
Aug, 17,1039 17,1039 Aug,
Aug. 29,1939 29,1939 Aug.
Aug. 28,1939 28,1939 Aug.
Aug.
Attg. 18.1.939 18.1.939 Attg.
Aug. 16,1939 16,1939 Aug.
Date of ap- ap- of Date
poarance poarance
do do
do do
do do
do do
do do
21,1939 21,1939
19,1939 19,1939
4, 1040 1040 4,
1,1940 1,1940
2,1940 2,1940
6,1939 6,1939
5,1939 5,1939
11",,,
'5489-5506 '5489-5506
8235-8307 8235-8307
8331-8388 8331-8388
8323-8330 8323-8330
6185-6211 6185-6211 8318-8323 8318-8323
6043-9124 6043-9124 8313-8318 8313-8318
6511-5530 6511-5530 8307-8313 8307-8313
8251-8283 8251-8283
3971-4044 3971-4044
3942-3946 3942-3946
commit- commit-
3815-3889 3815-3889 4259-4268 4259-4268
3705-3814 3705-3814 4181-4237 4181-4237
4086-4179 4086-4179 5175-5203 5175-5203
bearing bearing
Page of of Page
tee tee
1-3942 1-3942
60 60
Bund briefly, we find the following stages: stages: following the find we briefly, Bund
He made no secret of his allegiance to Adolf Hitler. Gissibl was a a was Gissibl Hitler. Adolf to allegiance his of secret no made He
sworn statements, Teutonia never had more than 50 members in Chi- in members 50 than more had never Teutonia statements, sworn
formed in Chicago in October 1924. The group was known as Teu- as known was group The 1924. October in Chicago in formed
States in December 1923. A period of only 10 months elapsed between between elapsed months 10 only of period A 1923. December in States He was born in Nuremberg; Germany, and came to the United United the to came and Germany, Nuremberg; in born was He tonia and its founder was Fritz Gissibl. Gissibl, who was an alien, alien, an was who Gissibl, Gissibl. Fritz was founder its and tonia
Socialist German Labor Party were organized in Chicago and Detroit. Detroit. and Chicago in organized were Party Labor German Socialist
at the time, later became a member of the National Socialist German German Socialist National the of member a became later time, the at
Labor Party (the full English title of the Nazi Party in Germany). Germany). in Party Nazi the of title English full (the Party Labor
his Nazi activities were publicly exposed. According to Gissibl's Gissibl's to According exposed. publicly were activities Nazi his cago. In 1931, a branch of Teutonia was formed in Detroit. The The Detroit. in formed was Teutonia of branch a 1931, In cago. Detroit branch was still smaller, having an approximate membership membership approximate an having smaller, still was branch Detroit
time of his arrival in this country and the time of his forming Teutonia. Teutonia. forming his of time the and country this in arrival his of time printer by trade and was employed on the Chicago Daily News until until News Daily Chicago the on employed was and trade by printer
forerunner of the Friends of New Germany. Germany. New of Friends the of forerunner
Hentschel. Hubert Sehnuch succeeded Fritz Gissibl as leader of the the of leader as Gissibl Fritz succeeded Sehnuch Hubert Hentschel. banded in 1932. Approximtely 1 year later, most of the members of of members the of most later, year 1 Approximtely 1932. in banded
Chicago branch of Teutonia. According to Gissibl, Teutonia was dis- was Teutonia Gissibl, to According Teutonia. of branch Chicago
City. In April 1933, on orders from Rudolf Hess, deputy leader of of leader deputy Hess, Rudolf from orders on 1933, April In City.
of 12. The leader of the Detroit branch of Teutonia was one Walter Walter one was Teutonia of branch Detroit the of leader The 12. of Chicago. According to Fritz Gissibl, "the left-overs of the former former the of left-overs "the Gissibl, Fritz to According Chicago. Socialist German Labor Party, were disbanded. disbanded. were Party, Labor German Socialist
A local of the Nazi Party had previously been organized in New York York New in organized been previously had Party Nazi the of local A
Nazi Party and their friends" sent delegates to Chicago for the pur- the for Chicago to delegates sent friends" their and Party Nazi
elapsed. During that interim of 1 year, locals of the National National the of locals year, 1 of interim that During elapsed.
Teutonia joined the Friends of New Germany. Peter Gissibl, Fritz's Fritz's Gissibl, Peter Germany. New of Friends the joined Teutonia
pose of setting up the Friends of New Germany. The Chicago Chicago The Germany. New of Friends the up setting of pose brother, and Hubert Schnuch both testified that Teutonia was the the was Teutonia that testified both Schnuch Hubert and brother,
the formation of the Friends of New Germany, approximately 1 year year 1 approximately Germany, New of Friends the of formation the
the Nazi Party in Germany, these American locals of the National National the of locals American these Germany, in Party Nazi the
Tracing the organizational background of the German-American German-American the of background organizational the Tracing
(1) (1)
(2) (2)
(3) (3)
States and to our fighting movement of awakened Aryan Ameri- Aryan awakened of movement fighting our to and States
government in the United States, one which should incorporate incorporate should which one States, United the in government cans, a threefold rousing 'Free America! Free America! Free Free America! Free America! 'Free rousing threefold a cans,
America!' " " America!'
descent as owing loyalty to the Reich. Reich. the to loyalty owing as descent
the principle of Nazi religious bigotry. bigotry. religious Nazi of principle the
with the following declaration: "To a free, Gentile-ruled United United Gentile-ruled free, a "To declaration: following the with
bigotry. bigotry.
tied to Nazi Germany. Germany. Nazi to tied
Between the time of the dissolution of Teutonia and the time of of time the and Teutonia of dissolution the of time the Between
The first definitely Nazi group organized on American soil was was soil American on organized group Nazi definitely first The
In July 1933, the Friends of New Germany was formed in in formed was Germany New of Friends the 1933, July In
8. 8.
9. 9.
11. 11.
7. 7.
10. 10.
5. 5.
6. 6.
That the bund was an absolutely secret organization. organization. secret absolutely an was bund the That
That the bund kept a systematic record of its enemies. enemies. its of record systematic a kept bund the That
That the bond aimed at the establishment of a new kind of of kind new a of establishment the at aimed bond the That
That the bund specified that its meetings should be closed closed be should meetings its that specified bund the That
That the bund was characterized by extreme religious religious extreme by characterized was bund the That
And that the bond was ideologically and organizationally organizationally and ideologically was bond the that And
That the bund looked upon all Americans of German German of Americans all upon looked bund the That
VN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES PROPAGANDA VN-AMERICAN
OUTLINE OUTLINE
OF THE BUND'S BUND'S THE OF
HISTORY HISTORY
61 61
A A
paper of December 30, 1935, which declared: declared: which 1935, 30, December of paper
of November 9, 1923. This, too, was in direct conflict with the state- the with conflict direct in was too, This, 1923. 9, November of
ment which appeared under his picture in the Friends of New Germany Germany New of Friends the in picture his under appeared which ment can Activities that he had had no part in the Mimich beer hall putsch putsch hall beer Mimich the in part no had had he that Activities can
introduced to his Nazi followers with the following statement: statement: following the with followers Nazi his to introduced
leader of the Nazi element among Germans in this country, was was country, this in Germans among element Nazi the of leader
Dr. Poehner. Poehner. Dr.
under the then Munich police commissioner, one of the first leading Nazi officials, officials, Nazi leading first the of one commissioner, police Munich then the under
Nazi organization which preceded the German-American Blind. In In Blind. German-American the preceded which organization Nazi
ber 30, 1935. Kuhn, who had just become the recognized national national recognized the become just had who Kuhn, 1935. 30, ber
this publication, a picture of Kuhn was carried in the issue of Decem- of issue the in carried was Kuhn of picture a publication, this
member of the National Socialist Party in Germany. However, his his However, Germany. in Party Socialist National the of member
American Activities, he stated that he had never at any time been a a been time any at never had he that stated he Activities, American
testimony on this point was in conflict with a statement which ap- which statement a with conflict in was point this on testimony
peared in the official publication of the Friends of New Germany, the the Germany, New of Friends the of publication official the in peared
well with the Nazi Fuehrer. Fuehrer. Nazi the with well
lieutenant. lieutenant.
Court by by Court
German forces, and by the end of the war had attained the rank of of rank the attained had war the of end the by and forces, German
of the German Army. He states that he served 4 served he that states He Army. German the of
completing a university course there. there. course university a completing
According to his own testimony, he received his education in Munich, Munich, in education his received he testimony, own his to According
of the organization. Gerhard Wilhelm Kunze thereupon succeeded succeeded thereupon Kunze Wilhelm Gerhard organization. the of of the Friends of of Friends the of
Kuhn as the bund's fuehrer. fuehrer. bund's the as Kuhn
Fritz Kuhn was made its leader. Kuhn remained as leader until until leader as remained Kuhn leader. its made was Kuhn Fritz
December 1939, when he was convicted of the misuse of the funds funds the of misuse the of convicted was he when 1939, December
Friends of New Germany became the German-American Bund and and Bund German-American the became Germany New of Friends
This letter was dated July 6, 1933. 1933. 6, July dated was letter This
read, in part, as follows: follows: as part, in read, noebel to Walter Lippe was introduced in evidence. This letter letter This evidence. in introduced was Lippe Walter to noebel
furnishing the office. * * * Have full authorizations from the Supreme Supreme the from authorizations full Have * * * office. the furnishing
on the consul general, and at present, I am occupied with negotiations and with with and negotiations with occupied am I present, at and general, consul the on
as leader of the defense and enlightenment in the U. S. A., A., S. U. the in enlightenment and defense the of leader as
Un-Ainerican Activities) on June 6, 1934, a letter from Heinz Spank- Heinz from letter a 1934, 6, June on Activities) Un-Ainerican
necessary funds have been appropriated. * * * Our office here leans closely closely leans here office Our * * * appropriated. been have funds necessary
Party Office as well as from the Ministry for Propaganda. Propaganda. for Ministry the from as well as Office Party hearings of the McCormack committee (Special Committee on on Committee (Special committee McCormack the of hearings
Spanknoebel,' a photoengraver by trade, claimed that he was a a was he that claimed trade, by photoengraver a Spanknoebel,'
clergyman at the time he entered the United States. At the public public the At States. United the entered he time the at clergyman
as deputy leader of the new organization. New York City was was City York New organization. new the of leader deputy as
chosen as the seat of the organization's national headquarters. headquarters. national organization's the of seat the as chosen
convention elected Heinz Spanknoebel as leader and Fritz Gissibl Gissibl Fritz and leader as Spanknoebel Heinz elected convention
62 62
Mr. Fritz Kuhn became a member of the Nazi Party in 1921 and was active active was and 1921 in Party Nazi the of member a became Kuhn Fritz Mr.
Kuhn further testified before the Special Committee on Un-Ameri- on Committee Special the before testified further Kuhn
When Kuhn was a witness before the Special Committee on Un- on Committee Special the before witness a was Kuhn When
Kuhn's brother, Max, Max, brother, Kuhn's
In the First World War Kuhn was a machine gunner in the infantry infantry the in gunner machine a was Kuhn War World First the In
Fritz Julius Kuhn was born in Munich, Germany, on May 1.5, 1896. 1896. 1.5, May on Germany, Munich, in born was Kuhn Julius Fritz
First of all, confidentially, for technical reasons my commission must continue continue must commission my reasons technical for confidentially, all, of First
(4) On December 1, 1935, Fritz Kuhn became the head or fuehrer fuehrer or head the became Kuhn Fritz 1935, 1, December On (4)
Ilitier—sufficient evidence that the Kuhn family stands in in stands family Kuhn the that evidence Ilitier—sufficient
UN-ANIERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES PROPAGANDA UN-ANIERICAN
New New
Germany. In March 1936, in Buffalo, the the Buffalo, in 1936, March In Germany.
as as
appointed a member of the German Supreme Supreme German the of member a appointed
FRITZ KUHN KUHN FRITZ
1
A years with the the with years A
for for
which which
also also
the the
local unit leader of the Friends of New Germany in Detroit. t is, is, t Detroit. in Germany New of Friends the of leader unit local
be was a witness before the committee, or whether the Nazi news- Nazi the whether or committee, the before witness a was be
about 3 years in Mexico. Mexico. in years 3 about
is that the Friends of New Germany desired very much to present present to much very desired Germany New of Friends the that is
Detroit, where he obtained employment in the Henry Ford Hospital Hospital Ford Henry the in employment obtained he where Detroit,
Friends of New Germany, the Nazi organization which was the pred- the was which organization Nazi the Germany, New of Friends
18, 1927. Prior to that date, he claims to have had a residence of of residence a had have to claims he date, that to Prior 1927. 18, and later as a chemical engineer in the Ford Motor Co. Kuhn's Kuhn's Co. Motor Ford the in engineer chemical a as later and
is not in a position to state. One thing is certain, however, and that that and however, certain, is thing One state. to position a in not is
wrote as follows: follows: as wrote followers of Adolf Hitler. Hitler. Adolf of followers final citizenship papers in the United States. Almost 3 years later, later, years 3 Almost States. United the in papers citizenship final case may be, introducing its fuehrer as one of the original and devoted devoted and original the of one as fuehrer its introducing be, may case
loyalty was to Nazi Germany at the very time that he took out his his out took he that time very the at Germany Nazi to was loyalty
itself as a bona fide Nazi organization by correctly or falsely, as the the as falsely, or correctly by organization Nazi fide bona a as itself
stood on the balcony of the Chancellory. As Hitler stood there there stood Hitler As Chancellory. the of balcony the on stood
storm troopers to Germany was described with obvious pride pride obvious with described was Germany to troopers storm
paper deliberately falsified his record and background, the committee committee the background, and record his falsified deliberately paper paper, Deutscher Weckruf und Beobachter, for April 22, 1937, Kuhn Kuhn 1937, 22, April for Beobachter, und Weckruf Deutscher paper, police shot at the Nazis marching under the leadership of Hitler and Ludendorff, Ludendorff, and Hitler of leadership the under marching Nazis the at shot police
Leader Fritz Kuhn reported to him." The German text of this episode episode this of text German The him." to reported Kuhn Fritz Leader
were the German-American Business League, the A. V. Publishing Publishing V. A. the League, Business German-American the were deutscher Volksbuncl). Volksbuncl). deutscher
words and pictures.. The accounts of this visit, which took place in in place took which visit, this of accounts The pictures.. and words
Corporation, and the A. V. Development Corporation. The initials initials The Corporation. Development V. A. the and Corporation,
Kuhn made it unequivocally clear that his American citizenship had had citizenship American his that clear unequivocally it made Kuhn
1936, are found fn the Deutscher Weckruf and Beobachter for August August for Beobachter and Weckruf Deutscher the fn found are 1936, therefore, apparent that, wholly apart from other evidence, Kuhn's Kuhn's evidence, other from apart wholly that, apparent therefore, viewing this parade, Fritz Kuhn went to the balcony and, according according and, balcony the to went Kuhn Fritz parade, this viewing
employment in these Ford institutions lasted about 8 years. years. 8 about lasted institutions Ford these in employment fuehrer (bund leader) of the new organization. Subsequently, Kuhn Kuhn Subsequently, organization. new the of leader) (bund fuehrer ecessor of the German-American Bund. Kuhn was, in fact the the fact in was, Kuhn Bund. German-American the of ecessor
A. V. Stand for the German title of the bund which is Armlike,- Armlike,- is which bund the of title German the for Stand V. A.
troopers paraded in Berlin before Hitler himself, the Nazi Feuhrer Feuhrer Nazi the himself, Hitler before Berlin in paraded troopers Kuhn was among the marching Nazis. Nazis. marching the among was Kuhn to the words of the Deutscher Weckruf and Beobachter itself, "Bund "Bund itself, Beobachter and Weckruf Deutscher the of words the to
and part of the great German nation of a hundred million people. people. million hundred a of nation German great the of part and paper, the visit of Kuhn and a delegation of German-American Bund Bund German-American of delegation a and Kuhn of visit the paper, personally called this convention together. He was made bundes- made was He together. convention this called personally not interfered with his loyalty to Nazi Germany. In his bund news- bund his In Germany. Nazi to loyalty his with interfered not
6, August 27, and September 10, 1936. When these bund storm storm bund these When 1936. 10, September and 27, August 6,
convention held in Buffalo, N. Y., in March 1936. Kuhn testified testified Kuhn 1936. March in Y., N. Buffalo, in held convention
before the Special Committee on Un-American activities that he he that activities Un-American on Committee Special the before
became head of three subsidiary or affiliated organizations. They They organizations. affiliated or subsidiary three of head became
When on November 9, 1923, in front of the Feldherrenhalle in Munich, Bavarian Bavarian Munich, in Feldherrenhalle the of front in 1923, 9, November on When
Kuhn was naturalized in Detroit on December 3, 1934. 1934. 3, December on Detroit in naturalized was Kuhn
After his entry into the United States, Kuhn proceeded directly to to directly proceeded Kuhn States, United the into entry his After
Whether Kuhn committed perjury on the foregoing questions when when questions foregoing the on perjury committed Kuhn Whether
Kuhn entered the United States at Laredo, Tex., on or about May May about or on Tex., Laredo, at States United the entered Kuhn
Prior to his naturalization, Fritz Kuhn became a member of the the of member a became Kuhn Fritz naturalization, his to Prior
We may have various citizenship papers in our drawers, but we are all Germans Germans all are we but drawers, our in papers citizenship various have may We
In the Deutscher Weckruf und Beobachter, official bund news- bund official Beobachter, und Weckruf Deutscher the In
The German-American Bund was formally launched at a national national a at launched formally was Bund German-American The
279895-48—Appendix 7-5 7-5 279895-48—Appendix
UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES PROPAGANDA UN-AMERICAN
in in
I I
both both 63 63
.until his full-time employment with the German-American Bund. Bund. German-American the with employment full-time his .until
1941. 1941.
1940. On the latter date, Gerhard Wilhelm Kunze became national national became Kunze Wilhelm Gerhard date, latter the On 1940.
capacity until the entry of the United States into the war in December December in war the into States United the of entry the until capacity
Kuhn was that of national. public relations director. After Kuhn Kuhn After director. relations public national. of that was Kuhn
was convicted and sent to prison, Kunze became became Kunze prison, to sent and convicted was
bundesfuehrer extended from December 5, 1939, to September I, I, September to 1939, 5, December from extended bundesfuehrer
Blind in New York on a volunteer basis. From April 1939 until the the until 1939 April From basis. volunteer a on York New in Blind
bundesfuehrer of the German-American Bund and continued in that that in continued and Bund German-American the of bundesfuehrer
bundesfuebree of the German-American Build. His term of acting acting of term His Build. German-American the of bundesfuebree
employed on a salary basis by the German-American Bund. Bund. German-American the by basis salary a on employed
founded the German-American Bund at Buffalo, N. Y., in March March in Y., N. Buffalo, at Bund German-American the founded entry of the United States into the war in December 1941 Kunze was was Kunze 1941 December in war the into States United the of entry
1936. From the formation of the Bund until August 1937 Kunze was was Kunze 1937 August until Bund the of formation the From 1936.
November 1937 until April 1939 he worked with the German-American German-American the with worked he 1939 April until 1937 November
September 1933 and that he was a member of the convention which which convention the of member a was he that and 1933 September
employed by the German-American Bund in Philadelphia. From From Philadelphia. in Bund German-American the by employed
Un-American Activities, Kunze's formal education extended through through extended education formal Kunze's Activities, Un-American
high school. He also received electrical and mechanical training in in training mechanical and electrical received also He school. high
various night schools. schools. night various
ary 10, 1906. 1906. 10, ary
6043-6124 of the committee's published hearings. hearings. published committee's the of 6043-6124
committed to prison shortly thereafter. thereafter. shortly prison to committed
organization, his word was law. In November 1939, Kuhn was con- was Kuhn 1939, November In law. was word his organization,
transcript of his testimony may be found on pages 3705-3889 and and 3705-3889 pages on found be may testimony his of transcript
American Activities on August 16 and 17, and October 19, 1939. The The 1939. 19, October and 17, and 16 August on Activities American
victed of misuse of the funds of the German-American Bund and was was and Bund German-American the of funds the of misuse of victed
position of bundesfuehrer in the German-American Bund. In the the In Bund. German-American the in bundesfuehrer of position
American Bund and the record of the bund itself fit perfectly the the perfectly fit itself bund the of record the and Bund American
and Henlein in Czechoslovakia. Czechoslovakia. in Henlein and
a matter of public record. Kuhn's career as leader of the German- the of leader as career Kuhn's record. public of matter a
1939. The treasonable role of Henleha in Czechoslovakia is, of course, course, of is, Czechoslovakia in Henleha of role treasonable The 1939.
pattern made familiar by Quisling in Norway, Degrelle in Belgium, Belgium, in Degrelle Norway, in Quisling by familiar made pattern
replied to Kuhn, "Now you go back and continue your struggle." struggle." your continue and back go you "Now Kuhn, to replied
report which was published in the bund's own newspaper, Hitler Hitler newspaper, own bund's the in published was which report
Fritz Kuhn was a subordinate of Hitler himself. According to the the to According himself. Hitler of subordinate a was Kuhn Fritz
Henlein" in the Deutscher Weckruf and Beobachter of August 31, 31, August of Beobachter and Weckruf Deutscher the in Henlein"
German-American Buud was a Nazi agency and that Bundesfue.hrer Bundesfue.hrer that and agency Nazi a was Buud German-American
Kuhn orstattet ihm Meldung." It cannot be denied tlat Hitler in in Hitler tlat denied be cannot It Meldung." ihm orstattet Kuhn
this manner gave the highest official recognition of the fact that the the that fact the of recognition official highest the gave manner this
Reichskanzler Hitler den Vorbeimarsch ab, Bundesfuehrer Fritz Fritz Bundesfuehrer ab, Vorbeimarsch den Hitler Reichskanzler
64 64
is is
Kunze's position with the bund prior to the imprisonment. of Fritz Fritz of imprisonment. the to prior bund the with position Kunze's
By occupation, Kunze was a chauffeur-mechanic and electrician up up electrician and chauffeur-mechanic a was Kunze occupation, By
Kunze states that he joined. the Friends of New Germany in in Germany New of Friends the joined. he that states Kunze
According to his testimony before the Special Committee on on Committee Special the before testimony his to According
Gerhard Wilhelm Kunze was born in Camden, N. J., on Janu- on J., N. Camden, in born was Kunze Wilhelm Gerhard
Fritz Kuhn was a witness before the Special Committee on Un- on Committee Special the before witness a was Kuhn Fritz
From March 1936, until he was sent to prison, Kuhn occupied the the occupied Kuhn prison, to sent was he until 1936, March From
Fritz Kuhn permitted himself to be described as "the American American "the as described be to himself permitted Kuhn Fritz
as follows: "Auf dem Balkon der Reichskanzlei stehend, nalim nalim stehend, Reichskanzlei der Balkon dem "Auf follows: as
UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES PROPAGANDA UN-AMERICAN
GERHARD WILHELM KUNZF, KUNZF, WILHELM GERHARD
%
acting national national acting
with the alleged intention of making an escape to Germany. In July July In Germany. to escape an making of intention alleged the with
1942 he was apprehended by the Mexican authorities, taken to the the to taken authorities, Mexican the by apprehended was he 1942
cluding espionage. espionage. cluding
flown to New York. Kunze has been convicted on several counts in- counts several on convicted been has Kunze York. New to flown
border, where he was picked up by United States authorities and and authorities States United by up picked was he where border,
mittee on Un-American Activities on October 1, 1940. The transcript transcript The 1940. 1, October on Activities Un-American on mittee
in the United States on May 10, 1923, and became a naturalized naturalized a became and 1923, 10, May on States United the in
of his testimony may be found on pages 8251-8283 in the committee s s committee the in 8251-8283 pages on found be may testimony his of
citizen of this country on April 29, 1929. 1929. 29, April on country this of citizen member and an official in the Friends of New Germany (organized (organized Germany New of Friends the in official an and member
- After the United States entered the war, Kunze fled to Mexico Mexico to fled Kunze war, the entered States United the After -
published hearings. hearings. published in May 1933 and dissolved at the time of the formation of the German- the of formation the of time the at dissolved and 1933 May in
American Bund in March 1936). 1936). March in Bund American
Co., and president of the Concordia Male Chorus. Chorus. Male Concordia the of president and Co.,
leader of the German-American Blind in Chicago, a position which he he which position a Chicago, in Blind German-American the of leader
Nazi predecessors of the German-American Bund. Gissibl was also a a also was Gissibl Bund. German-American the of predecessors Nazi American Bund. He was also president of the Teutonic Publishing Publishing Teutonic the of president also was He Bund. American
states that he resigned on the latter date because of disagreements disagreements of because date latter the on resigned he that states
League (Deutscher Konsum Verband), an auxiliary of the German- the of auxiliary an Verband), Konsum (Deutscher League
mony at public hearings, which was on August 12, 1938. The The 1938. 12, August on was which hearings, public at mony
Society and later the national president of the Friends of New New of Friends the of president national the later and Society
with Fritz Kuhn. Kuhn. Fritz with
included the inland States of Vermont and West Virginia. Virginia. West and Vermont of States inland the included as a bricklayer. From May 1937 until January 1940 lie operated a a operated lie 1940 January until 1937 May From bricklayer. a as
restaurant in Nordland, N. J. In January 1940 he became a full- a became he 1940 January In J. N. Nordland, in restaurant
western. Klapprott's territory extended from Maine to Florida and and Florida to Maine from extended territory Klapprott's western.
of the committee's published hearings. hearings. published committee's the of Germany
many for a period of 2 years prior to the formation of the bund. He He bund. the of formation the to prior years 2 of period a for many Bund has three departments, the eastern, the middle western, and the the and western, middle the eastern, the departments, three has Bund
American Activities on the first day of the committee's taking testi- taking committee's the of day first the on Activities American
leader. In the whole of the United States, the German-American German-American the States, United the of whole the In leader.
March 1936. 1936. March
time salaried employee of the German American Bund. Bund. American German the of employee salaried time
came to the United States in 1927. and was naturalized in 1934. 1934. in naturalized was and 1927. in States United the to came
transcript of his testimony may be found on pages 47-7.2 and 84-86 84-86 and 47-7.2 pages on found be may testimony his of transcript
joined the German-American Bind at the time of its formation in in formation its of time the at Bind German-American the joined
. Klapprott states that he was a member of the Friends of New Ger- New of Friends the of member a was he that states Klapprott .
Gerhard Wilhelm Kunze was a witness before the Special Com- Special the before witness a was Kunze Wilhelm Gerhard
Peter Gissibl was born in Germany on October 2, 1900. He landed landed He 1900. 2, October on Germany in born was Gissibl Peter
From May 1, 1937, until May 18, 1938, Peter Gissibl was local unit unit local was Gissibl Peter 1938, 18, May until 1937, 1, May From
In February 1925 Gissibl joined the Teutonic Society, one of the the of one Society, Teutonic the joined Gissibl 1925 February In
August Klapprott was born in Germany on September 4, 1906. He He 1906. 4, September on Germany in born was Klapprott August Peter Gissibl was president of the German-American Business Business German-American the of president was Gissibl Peter
Peter Gissibl was a witness before the Special Committee on Un- on Committee Special the before witness a was Gissibl Peter
Klapprott's position in the bind was that of eastern department department eastern of that was bind the in position Klapprott's
For 10 years after his arrival in the United States, Klapprott worked worked Klapprott States, United the in arrival his after years 10 For
Peter Gissibl's brother, Fritz, was the founder of the Teutonic Teutonic the of founder the was Fritz, brother, Gissibl's Peter
-
. .
UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES PROPAGANDA UN-AMERICAN
AUGUST KLAPPROTT KLAPPROTT AUGUST
PETER GISSIBL GISSIBL PETER
65 65
• •
New York: York: New
New Jersey: Jersey: New
Maryland: Baltimore, Deutsches Hula. Hula. Deutsches Baltimore, Maryland: Pennsylvania: Philadelphia, Philadelphia Turnhalle, Broad Street and Columbia Columbia and Street Broad Turnhalle, Philadelphia Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:
Illinois: Chicago, Germania Klubhaus, 108 Germania Place. Place. Germania 108 Klubhaus, Germania Chicago, Illinois:
Connecticut: Connecticut:
California: California:
by the committee, were the following: following: the were committee, the by
xnay be found on pages 8285-8307 of the committee's published published committee's the of 8285-8307 pages on found be xnay
hearings. hearings.
can Activities on October 2, 1940. The transcript of his testimony testimony his of transcript The 1940. 2, October on Activities can
fere with the operation of the Selective Service Act. Act. Service Selective the of operation the with fere
66 66
Avenue. Avenue.
Among the meeting places of the German-American Bund, located located Bund, German-American the of places meeting the Among
New York City, L. Armbruster, Inc., 1409 Third Avenue. Avenue. Third 1409 Inc., Armbruster, L. City, York New
New Rochelle, Welmot Inn, Wehnot Road Corner. Corner. Road Wehnot Inn, Welmot Rochelle, New
New York City, Jaeger's Turnhall, Eighty-fifth Street and Lexington Avenue. Avenue. Lexington and Street Eighty-fifth Turnhall, Jaeger's City, York New
Lindenhurst, Long Island, Washington Hall, North Wellwood Avenue. Avenue. Wellwood North Hall, Washington Island, Long Lindenhurst,
Harrison, Scholz' Farm, 35 Harrison Avenue. Avenue. Harrison 35 Farm, Scholz' Harrison, Kitchawan, Culla Country Club. Club. Country Culla Kitchawan, New Rochelle, Grabs Hall, 18 Mechanic Street. Street. Mechanic 18 Hall, Grabs Rochelle, New
August Klapprott is now under indictment for conspiracy to inter- to conspiracy for indictment under now is Klapprott August
New Rochelle, Alps Rest, 240 Huguenot Street. Street. Huguenot 240 Rest, Alps Rochelle, New Klapprott was a witness before the Special Committee on Un-Ameri- on Committee Special the before witness a was Klapprott
Hewlett, Long Island, Castle Inn, 1218 Broadway. Broadway. 1218 Inn, Castle Island, Long Hewlett,
New Hyde Park, Long Island, Brauhof. Brauhof. Island, Long Park, Hyde New
Jamaica, Long Island, Jamaica Saengerbund Halle, 168-15 Ninety-first Ninety-first 168-15 Halle, Saengerbund Jamaica Island, Long Jamaica,
Hempstead, Long Island, Polish' Hall, Hall, Polish' Island, Long Hempstead, Franklin Square, Long Island, Plattdeutscher Volksfest Park. Park. Volksfest Plattdeutscher Island, Long Square, Franklin
Grant City, Staten Island, Privacky's Grant City Park at Midland Avenue Avenue Midland at Park City Grant Privacky's Island, Staten City, Grant
Four Corners, Cardinal Lunch, Route No. 59. 59. No. Route Lunch, Cardinal Corners, Four
College Point, Long Island, Columbia Hall, Eighteenth Avenue and One One and Avenue Eighteenth Hall, Columbia Island, Long Point, College
Bu
Brooklyn, Woodward Inn, 675 Woodward Avenue. Avenue. Woodward 675 Inn, Woodward Brooklyn,
Brooklyn, Prospect Hall, 261 Prospect Avenue. Avenue. Prospect 261 Hall, Prospect Brooklyn,
Brooklyn, 0. D. Home, St. Nicholas Avenue. Avenue. Nicholas St. Home, D. 0. Brooklyn,
Astoria, Steubenhatts. Steubenhatts. Astoria,
Spittle. eld, Innnergruen Park. Park. Innnergruen eld, Spittle. Astoria, Long Island Turnhalle, 44-01 Broadway. Broadway. 44-01 Turnhalle, Island Long Astoria,
Astoria, Broadway Tavern, 30-09 Broadway. Broadway. 30-09 Tavern, Broadway Astoria, Bronx, Ebling'S Casino, One Hundred and Fifty-sixth Street and St. Ann's Ann's St. and Street Fifty-sixth and Hundred One Casino, Ebling'S Bronx,
Bardonia, Siegmund Restaurant. Restaurant. Siegmund Bardonia, Union City, German American Bund Home, 754 Palisade Avenue. Avenue. Palisade 754 Home, Bund American German City, Union
Riverdale, Edelweiss Restaurant, Riverdale Road. Road. Riverdale Restaurant, Edelweiss Riverdale,
Passaic, Turn Hall, 240 Hope Avenue. Avenue. Hope 240 Hall, Turn Passaic,
North Bergen, Schuetzenpark-Saal, Hackensack Plankroad and Hudson Hudson and Plankroad Hackensack Schuetzenpark-Saal, Bergen, North
Newark, Apollo Hall. Hall. Apollo Newark,
Irvington, Emanuels Church, Ney Avenue. Avenue. Ney Church, Emanuels Irvington,
Hackensack, Uhland Halle. 333 Main Street. Street. Main 333 Halle. Uhland Hackensack,
Fairfield, "Deutsches Eck," Route No. O. O. No. Route Eck," "Deutsches Fairfield,
East Rutherford, Old Heidelberg Restaurant, Paterson Avenue. Avenue. Paterson Restaurant, Heidelberg Old Rutherford, East
Stamford, Liedertafel Halle, 45 Greyrock Place. Place. Greyrock 45 Halle, Liedertafel Stamford,
Southbury Camp General von Steuben. Steuben. von General Camp Southbury
San Gabriel, Grape Vine Cafe. Cafe. Vine Grape Gabriel, San
Oakland, Hermannsohn's Park, Dublin Canyon. Canyon. Dublin Park, Hermannsohn's Oakland,
Norwalk, Soath Norwalk Quartette Club, 11 River Street. Street. River 11 Club, Quartette Norwalk Soath Norwalk,
Los Angeles, Deut.sches Haus, 634 West Fifteenth Street. Street. Fifteenth West 634 Haus, Deut.sches Angeles, Los
Avenue. Avenue.
near Eyler' Avenue. Avenue. Eyler' near
Hundred and Twenty-first Street. Street. Twenty-first and Hundred
Avenue. Avenue.
Boulevard. Boulevard.
ff
alo, t'anglewood Park. Park. t'anglewood alo,
UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES PROPAGANDA UN-AMERICAN
MEETING PLACES OF OF PLACES MEETING
THE BUND BUND THE
'Bicle, N. head of the bund storm troopers in Philadelphia, and head of bund bund of head and Philadelphia, in troopers storm bund the of head N. 'Bicle,
licly active in the organization's affairs: affairs: organization's the in active licly
New York—Continued. York—Continued. New following is a list of bund leaders from coast to coast who were pub- were who coast to coast from leaders bund of list a is following
list of the bund's membership because Kuhn had ordered the destruc- the ordered had Kuhn because membership bund's the of list
tion of all membership lists,,the committee has been able to identify identify to able been has committee lists,,the membership all of tion
many, if not all, of the leaders of the German American Bund. The The Bund. American German the of leaders the of all, not if many,
Wisconsin: Wisconsin:
Ach, Karl, group leader of the bund in local New York. York. New local in bund the of leader group Karl, Ach, Bachman Karl, leader of the bund in local Albany, N. Y. Y. N. Albany, local in bund the of leader Karl, Bachman Dittrich, Diego, leader of the bund orchestra in Seattle, Wash. Wash. Seattle, in orchestra bund the of leader Diego, Dittrich, Boening, William, leader of the bund storm troopers in Astoria, Long Island, Island, Long Astoria, in troopers storm bund the of leader William, Boening, Cyler, Leo, leader of the bund in Lindenhurst, Long Island. Island. Long Lindenhurst, in bund the of leader Leo, Cyler,
Dinkelacker, Theodor, youth leader of the bond. bond. the of leader youth Theodor, Dinkelacker, Borchers, Walter, leader of the bund, local South Brooklyn, N. Y. Y. N. Brooklyn, South local bund, the of leader Walter, Borchers, Detleff, John, acting district leader of the bund in Hempstead, Long Island. Island. Long Hempstead, in bund the of leader district acting John, Detleff, Claasen, Bernard, leader of the bund in Hammond, Ind. Ind. Hammond, in bund the of leader Bernard, Claasen, Fritz, William Jacob, leader of the bond in Toledo, Ohio. Ohio. Toledo, in bond the of leader Jacob, William Fritz, Faller Mrs. Anna, leader of the bund girls' group in Kenosha, Wis. Wis. Kenosha, in group girls' bund the of leader Anna, Mrs. Faller
Bojes, Frank, leader of the bund, local Stapleton, Staten Island. Island. Staten Stapleton, local bund, the of leader Frank, Bojes, Frischkorn, Paul, leader of the bund in Detroit, Mich. Mich. Detroit, in bund the of leader Paul, Frischkorn, Washington: Seattle, Deutaches Haus. Haus. Deutaches Seattle, Washington: Fargle, Gotthief, leader of the bund in Yonkers, N. Y. Y. N. Yonkers, in bund the of leader Gotthief, Fargle,
Ulriketacker, Mrs. Erna, head or the youth camps of the bund. bund. the of camps youth the or head Erna, Mrs. Ulriketacker,
Bled', Franz, bond treasurer in local New York, York, New local in treasurer bond Franz, Bled', Folger, Duncan, head of the bund in New Rochelle, N. Y. Y. N. Rochelle, New in bund the of head Duncan, Folger, Eivnberger, Frederick, leader of the bund in Sheboygan, Wis. Wis. Sheboygan, in bund the of leader Frederick, Eivnberger,
Budelmann, John, local leader leader local John, Budelmann, Bauer, William P., leader of the bund in San Diego, Calif. Diego, San in bund the of leader P., William Bauer, Duell, Elizabeth, member of the bund and leader of the girls' group of the bund bund the of group girls' the of leader and bund the of member Elizabeth, Duell, Diebel, Hans, member of the bund in Los Angeles, and head of the Aryan Book Book Aryan the of head and Angeles, Los in bund the of member Hans, Diebel, Fuchs, Anton, head of the bund in Pittsburgh, Pa. Pa. Pittsburgh, in bund the of head Anton, Fuchs, Fcch, Matthias, district leader of the bund in Santa Barbara, Calif. Calif. Barbara, Santa in bund the of leader district Matthias, Fcch,
Brauns, Georg, leader of the bund, local Hudson County, N. J. J. N. County, Hudson local bund, the of leader Georg, Brauns, Froboese, George, head of the midwestern district of the bund. bund. the of district midwestern the of head George, Froboese, Flick, Earl, leader of the storm troopers of the bund for the Brooklyn district. district. Brooklyn the for bund the of troopers storm the of leader Earl, Flick,
Andling, Paul, leader of the bund in Schenectady, N. Y. Y. N. Schenectady, in bund the of leader Paul, Andling,
Funk, Rudolf, leader of the youth section of the bund in Astoria, Long Island, N. Y. Y. N. Island, Long Astoria, in bund the of section youth the of leader Rudolf, Funk,
Adrian, Else, leader of the girls' section of the blind in local New York, and and York, New local in blind the of section girls' the of leader Else, Adrian,
selected by the bund for training in Stuttgart, Germany. Germany. Stuttgart, in training for bund the by selected
in Newark, N. J. J. N. Newark, in the blind. blind. the
Camp Deutschhorst at Sellersville, Pa. Pa. Sellersville, at Deutschhorst Camp
Shop in Los Angeles. Angeles. Los in Shop
N. Y., and alternate leader of the storm troopers for the eastern district of of district eastern the for troopers storm the of leader alternate and Y., N.
While it was impossible for the committee to obtain a complete complete a obtain to committee the for impossible was it While
.Troy, Germania Hall. Hall. Germania .Troy,
Suffern, Fesel's Fesel's Suffern,
Staten Island, Alma Guenther Restaurant. Restaurant. Guenther Alma Island, Staten
Stapleton, Staten Island, Stapleton Lyceum, 730 Van Duzer Street. Street. Duzer Van 730 Lyceum, Stapleton Island, Staten Stapleton,
New York City, Yorkville Casino, 210 East Eighty-sixth Street. Street. Eighty-sixth East 210 Casino, Yorkville City, York New
Yonkers, Polish Community Center. Center. Community Polish Yonkers,
Rockland County, North Mountain Casino. Casino. Mountain North County, Rockland
Ridgewood, Long Island, New Ridgewood Hall, 1880 Menahan Street. Street. Menahan 1880 Hall, Ridgewood New Island, Long Ridgewood,
Schenectady, Wenzel's Park, end of Campbell Avenue. Avenue. Campbell of end Park, Wenzel's Schenectady,
White Plains, 101 Main Street.. Street.. Main 101 Plains, White
Woodside, Long Island, Steuben House. House. Steuben Island, Long Woodside,
White Plains, Fritz Restaurant, East Post Road. Road. Post East Restaurant, Fritz Plains, White
Stapleton, Staten Island, Atlantic Rotisserie, 191 Canal Street. Street. Canal 191 Rotisserie, Atlantic Island, Staten Stapleton,
Grafton, Camp Hindenburg. Hindenburg. Camp Grafton,
Milwaukee, Republican Hotel, Third Street and Kilbourne Avenue. Avenue. Kilbourne and Street Third Hotel, Republican Milwaukee,
UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES PROPAGANDA UN-AMERICAN
LEADERS OF THE BTJND BTJND THE OF LEADERS
of of
the bund, Bergen County, County, Bergen bund, the
- -
N. N.
J. J. 67 67 S$ UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIEG UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES 69
Gaenger, Peter, head of the propaganda section of the bund in Pittsburgh, P. Meyer, Lieselotte, head of the girl's section of the bond in Lindenhurst, Long •Gissibl, Fritz, founder of the Teutonia and hational president of the Friends of Island, N. Y. New Germany, both of which organizations were predecessors of the German- Muehlke, Frank, treasurer of the bund in San Diego, Calif. American Bund. Mueller, Albert, leader of the bond in St. Louis, Mo. Gissibl, Peter, head of the bund in Chicago, Ill., and president of the Deutscher Mueller, Ernst, head of the bund in Camp Siegfried, Yaphank, Long Island, lions= Verband, a subsidiary of the German American Bund. N.Y. Gloeckler, Hedwig, district. leader of the bund in Hudson County, N. J. Munk, George, head of the bund in Stamford, Coon. Gooppel Allen, leader of the bund in Pittsburgh, Pa. Nadler, Elly, leader of the girl's group of the bund in White Plains, N. Y. Goetz, Susie, chief of the bend's news service, . Nuebeck, Hans, district leader of the bund in Buffalo, N. Y. 'rein, H., district leader of the bund in New Haven, Conn. Nicolay, Carl, propaganda leader of the bond. Haas, Hugo, leader of the bunt! in Brooklyn and active in the bend's youth sea- Nicolay, Franz, leader of the youth section of the bund in South Brooklyn, N. Y. tioi) ; went to Germany to work in the League of Germans Living Abroad. Orgel, Helen, head of the women's section of the bond in Los Angeles, Calif. Haertel, Mrs, Elli, leader of the German Language School of the bond in Staten Othmer, Waldemar, leader of the bind in Trenton, N. J. Island, N. Y. Polhnann, Mrs. M., head of the women's section of the bond in Hudson County, Hagebusch, Ereka, youth leader of the girls' section of the bund at Camp Nord- N. J: land, N. J., and leader of the bend's youth section in Astoria, Long Island, Purwien, H., local leader of the bond in South Bend, Ind. N.Y. Rehfeldt., Anna, national leader of the women's group of the bund. Hartman, Alexander H., loader of the bund in Philadelphia, Pa. Reese, Edward, leader of the bund in Spokane, Wash. Hauck, H., leader of the bond in Jamaica Long island, N. Y. Reisberger, George, treasurer of the bund in the Bronx, N. Y. Bayser, Elizabeth, leader of the blind in Milwaukee, Wis. Rheinberg, Ulrich, dramatic director of the bund. Hennsoth, Henri, leader of the bund in Kenosha, Wis. Rieper, Jacob, head of the bund in White Plains, N. Y. Bein,.Gottlieb, district leader of the bund in Oakland, Calif.. Risse, Arno, district leader of the bund in Los Angeles, Calif. Heise, Anna, leader of the women's section of the bund in Brooklyn, N. Y. Rompe, Hans, local leader of the bund in Lindenhurst, Long Island, N. Y. Heise, Kurt, district leader of the bond in Long Island, N. Y. Ruhnke, William, leader of the bond. in Dayton, Ohio. William, leader of the bund in Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Sapling, Werner, head of the boys' section of the bund in New York. Hesse, Earl, district leader of the bund in Spokane, Wash. Sehaphorst, Henry, local leader of the bond in Fort Wayne, Incl. Hoeflich, Hermann J., leader of the blind in Rdekland County, N. Y. Schattat, Fred, local leader of the bund in Gary, Ind. Mitten, H., district leader of the bund in Staten Island, N. T. Scheurer, Hans, local leader of the bund in Portland. Oreg. Kappa, Walter, recently resigned from the German Army in which he is a lieu- Schnoes, E., treasurer of the humid in the Bronx, N. Y. tenant in order to become the head of a rabotage ring for the United States, Schrader, Frederic F., editor of the Deutscher Weckruf und Beobachter, official and formerly a member of the bund in New York where he was the editor of organ of the bund. - -the Deutscher Wc.ekruf nod Beobachter, official organ of the German-American Schreiber, John H., local leader of the bond in Detroit, Mich., and Toledo, Ohio_ Bund. Sehrick, Michael, head of the storm troopers of the bund in New York. Kessler, Martin, district leader of the'bund in Cleveland, Ohio. Schuster, Josef, district leader of the bund in New York. Klapprott, August., leader of the build in New .lersey. Schwarzmann, H., district leader of the storm troopers of the bund for the eastern Flapprott, Mrs. August, leader of the girl's group of the bund in New Jersey. - part of the United States. Koch, Tilly, leader of the youth movement of the brand in South Brooklyn, 1,1-. Y. Schwinn, Hermann, district leader of the bund in Los Angeles, Calif.., Koehler, Konrad, business manager of the Deutscher Weckruf und Beobachter, Seegers, Henry, leader of the bond In West Reading, Pa. official organ of the bond. Seidel, Erich, organizer of the bund in Glendale, Long Island, N. Y. Kohler, Matthias, local leader of the bond in Newark, N. J. Stoll, Paul, local leader of the bund in Seattle, Wash. Roehn, E. F., leader of the bond in Petaluma, Calif. Sturn, Erna, leader of the women's group of the bond in Astoria, Long Island, N. Y. Kuhn, Fritz, national leader (fuehrer) of the German American Bund and all of Toener, Rudolf, district leader of the bund in Los Angeles, Calif. its subsidiaries. Ulrich, Reinhart, head of the bund in Pittsburgh, Pa. Kullma,n, Paul; local leader of the bound in Wyomissing, Pa, Vandenberg, Frederick, youth leader of the bund in Camp Siegfried, Yaphank, Rump, Fred, head of the bond in Glendale, Long Island, N. Y. Long Island, N. Y. house, Mm. A., leader of the women's section of the bond in New Milford, Van den Bergh, Bertha, head of the women's section of the bond in South Brook- Bergen County, N. J. lyn, N. Y. Bronze, G. Wilhelm, successor to Fritz Kuhn as national leader (fuehrer) of the Vanderbergh, Frank, local leader of the bund in Brooklyn, N. Y. bund and its subsidiaries. Voelm, Matthias, leader of the bund in Santa Barbara, Calif. Rage, Henry, head of the bund in San Francisco, Calif. Von Holt, Henry, local leader of the bond in the Bronx, N. Y. Lattemann, W., head of the bond in Schenectady, N. Y. Von Nesse, Eberhard, founder of the youth section of the bund. Lechner, H., district leader of the bund in Seattle, Wash. Wagner, Carl, leader of the bund in Passaic County, N. J. Leibiger, Gustav, district leader of the storm troopers of the bund in Westchester Wagner, Henry, acting bead of the humid in Brooklyn, N. Y. County, N. Y., and Connecticut. Wax, M., local leader of the bund in Cleveland, Ohio, and Cincinnati, Ohio. Liebler, Fred, local leader of the bund in Jamaica, Long Island, N. Y. Wegener, Otto, head of the National News Service of the bund. Liedertafel P. Rohl, local leader of the blind in St. Louis, Mo. Weider, Ernest, youth leader of the bund in South Brooklyn, N. Y. Luedtke, 'Willy, national officer of the bund. Weiler, Earl, district leader of the bond in Nassau County, N. Y. Lutz, John, local leader of the bund in San Diego and San Francisco, Calif. Weis, August, treasurer of the bunch's Camp Siegfried. Markmann) Rudolf, district leader of the bond for the eastern part of the Wheeler-Hill, James, district leader of the bund in New York. ' United States. Wieda, A., treasurer of the bund in South Brooklyn, N. Y. Martin, Rudolph, district leader of the bund for the eastern part of the United Willmovski, Albert, leader of the bund in South Bend, Ind. States. Willumeit, Otto. head of the bunt! in Chicago, Ill. Martin, Theo, local leader of the bund in Philadelphia, Pa. Winterscheidt, Clara, leader of the women's section of time hued in New York. Mettin, Richard, part owner of the Deutscher Weckruf und Beobachter, official Wolter, A. H., secretary of the bund in Pittsburgh, Pa, organ of the bunt'. Wiest, Karl, group leader of the storm troopers of the blind in New York. Meyer, Hans, leader of the storm troopers of the bond in New York. Zimmer, Albert, leader of the bund in Cincinnati, Ohio. Zimmerman, Hans, head of propaganda section of the bund in New York.
a a
and p. 8265 of the committee's hearings.) hearings.) committee's the of 8265 p. and
German-American -Bund Auxiliary. Auxiliary. -Bund German-American for the blind's camp in New Jersey, Camp Nordland. (See p. 3759 3759 p. (See Nordland. Camp Jersey, New in camp blind's the for
Settlement League. (See p. 3758 of the committee's hearings.) hearings.) committee's the of 3758 p. (See League. Settlement
Island. This camp was known as Camp Siegfried. Siegfried. Camp as known was camp This Island.
poration for the, German-American Bund's camp at Yaphank, Long Long Yaphank, at camp Bund's German-American the, for poration
final citizenship papers could nevertheless be actively associated with with associated actively be nevertheless could papers citizenship final
the German-American Bumf, Bumf, German-American the American Bund. (See p. 3755 of the committee'shearings.) committee'shearings.) the of 3755 p. (See Bund. American
provide a method whereby those who had not yet taken out their their out taken yet not had who those whereby method a provide
newspaper, the Deutscher Weckruf and Beobachter. Beobachter. and Weckruf Deutscher the newspaper,
American Bund. Fritz Kuhn was president of the corporation. corporation. the of president was Kuhn Fritz Bund. American
(See p. 3709 of the committee's hearings.) hearings.) committee's the of 3709 p. (See
Development Corporation. (See p. 3709 of the committee's hearings.) hearings.) committee's the of 3709 p. (See Corporation. Development
German-American Bund. Fritz Kuhn was president of the A. V. V. A. the of president was Kuhn Fritz Bund. German-American
American Business League for New York and New Jersey. Jersey. New and York New for League Business American
German-American Bund. Fritz Kuhn was head of both organiza- both of head was Kuhn Fritz Bund. German-American
tions. (See p. 3709 of the committee's hearings.) hearings.) committee's the of 3709 p. (See tions.
otherwise connected, with the German-American Bund. Among Among Bund. German-American the with connected, otherwise
them were- were- them
70 70
August Klapprott, eastern leader of the Bund, was president of the the of president was Bund, the of leader eastern Klapprott, August
The German-American Blind Auxiliary was the holding corporation corporation holding the was Auxiliary Blind German-American The
Fritz Kuhn was one of the directors of the German-American German-American the of directors the of one was Kuhn Fritz
The German-American Settlement League was the holding cor- holding the was League Settlement German-American The
The ostensible purpose of the Prospective Citizens' League was to to was League Citizens' Prospective the of purpose ostensible The
The Prospective Citizens' League was an auxiliary of the German- the of auxiliary an was League Citizens' Prospective The
The A. V. Publishing Corporation published the bund's New York York New bund's the published Corporation Publishing V. A. The
The A. V. Publishing Corporation was a subsidiary of the German- the of subsidiary a was Corporation Publishing V. A. The
The A. V. Development Corporation was also a subsidiary of the the of subsidiary a also was Corporation Development V. A. The
The committee has a complete membership list of the German- the of list membership complete a has committee The
The German-American Business League was a subsidiary of the the of subsidiary a was League Business German-American The
There were various subsidiary organizations directly affiliated, or or affiliated, directly organizations subsidiary various were There
GERMAN-AMERICAN SETTLEMENT LEAGUE LEAGUE SETTLEMENT GERMAN-AMERICAN
GERMAN-AMERICAN BUND AUXILIARY AUXILIARY BUND GERMAN-AMERICAN
UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES PROPAGANDA UN-AMERICAN
GERMAN-AMERICAN BUSINESS LEAGUE LEAGUE BUSINESS GERMAN-AMERICAN
A. A.
PROSPECTIVE CITIZENS' LEAGUE LEAGUE CITIZENS' PROSPECTIVE
A. V. PUBLISHING CORPORATION CORPORATION PUBLISHING V. A.
V. DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION CORPORATION DEVELOPMENT V.
(Deutscher Konsum Verband) Verband) Konsum (Deutscher
Bund. Bund.
Deutschland) was the immediate forerunner of the German-American German-American the of forerunner immediate the was Deutschland)
headed by the Honorable John McCormack made a complete investi- complete a made McCormack John Honorable the by headed
gation and exposure of the Friends of New Germany from its beginning beginning its from Germany New of Friends the of exposure and gation
McCormack left off. off. left McCormack down to 1934. This committee took up the investigation where the the where investigation the up took committee This 1934. to down
American Bund. The change from the one to the other was effected effected was other the to one the from change The Bund. American
at a convention held in Buffalo, N. Y. Y. N. Buffalo, in held convention a at
States. States.
Chicago, Detroit, Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Cincinnati. Cincinnati. and Francisco, San Angeles, Los Detroit, Chicago,
Party were organized in a number of American cities—New York, York, cities—New American of number a in organized were Party
Geimany, ordered the dissolution of these Nazi locals in the United United the in locals Nazi these of dissolution the ordered Geimany,
and formed the Friends of New Germany which in turn became the the became turn in which Germany New of Friends the formed and
Nazi locals in the United States met in Chicago in the summer of 1933 1933 of summer the in Chicago in met States United the in locals Nazi
German-American Bund. Bund. German-American
existence of a well-organized and secret Nazi Party in the United United the in Party Nazi secret and well-organized a of existence
Was believed by many that the Nazi Party, as such had disappeared disappeared had such as Party, Nazi the that many by believed Was
1940 when this committee uncovered documentary evidence of the the of evidence documentary uncovered committee this when 1940
from American soil. This belief was held for a number of years until until years of number a for held was belief This soil. American from
States. States.
may be found on pp. 1034-1044 and 1262-1287 of appendix, pt. It, It, pt. appendix, of 1262-1287 and 1034-1044 pp. on found be may
the existence of this secret Nazi Party in America. (That evidence evidence (That America. in Party Nazi secret this of existence the
which is entitled "A Preliminary Digest and Report on the Un- the on Report and Digest Preliminary "A entitled is which
American Activities of Various Nazi Organizations * * *", etc.) etc.) *", * * Organizations Nazi Various of Activities American
York also bore the title of district leader (Kreisleiter) of the Foreign Foreign the of (Kreisleiter) leader district of title the bore also York
Organization of the National Socialist German Labor Party (Nazi). (Nazi). Party Labor German Socialist National the of Organization
The Friends of New Germany (Bund der Freunde des Neuen Neuen des Freunde der (Bund Germany New of Friends The
The Special Committee on Un-American Activities which was was which Activities Un-American on Committee Special The
In March 1936 the Friends of New Germany became the German- the became Germany New of Friends the 1936 March In
In 1932 and 1933, locals of the National Socialist German Labor Labor German Socialist National the of locals 1933, and 1932 In
In April:1933, Rudolf Hess, Deputy Fuehrer• of the Nazi Party in in Party Nazi the of Fuehrer• Deputy Hess, Rudolf April:1933, In
Many of those who had been prominent in the formation of these these of formation the in prominent been had who those of Many
After Rudolf Hess dissolved the Nazi locals in America in 1933, it it 1933, in America in locals Nazi the dissolved Hess Rudolf After
In November 1940 the committee published extensive evidence of of evidence extensive published committee the 1940 November In
The committee discovered that F. Draeger who who Draeger F. that discovered committee The
NATIONAL SOCIALIST GERMAN LABOR PARTY PARTY LABOR GERMAN SOCIALIST NATIONAL
UN-AMERICAN PROPA.G.A.N"DA ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES PROPA.G.A.N"DA UN-AMERICAN
FRIENDS OF NEW GERMANY GERMANY NEW OF FRIENDS
was was
consul in New New in consul 71 71
other German and German-American organizations in Chicago and and Chicago in organizations German-American and German other
Bund numbered among its purposes the planting of informers within within informers of planting the purposes its among numbered Bund
organization as well as of the old German Build. Build. German old the of as well as organization
German Nationals. Heberling was fuehrer or leader of the new new the of leader or fuehrer was Heberling Nationals. German
new organization was known as the German Citizens' League:. Heb- League:. Citizens' German the as known was organization new
new organization composed of the same individuals was set up. This This up. set was individuals same the of composed organization new
in the uniforms of storm troopers. troopers. storm of uniforms the in erling translated the name of the new organization as the Alliance of of Alliance the as organization new the of name the translated erling
inadvisable for the organization to continue in view of unfavorable unfavorable of view in continue to organization the for inadvisable
publicity which it had received as a result of its appearance in public public in appearance its of result a as received had it which publicity consul in Chicago. According to Heberling, the consul deemed it it deemed consul the Heberling, to According Chicago. in consul
hood of 300, made up chiefly of skilled workmen of German nationality nationality German of workmen skilled of chiefly up made 300, of hood who were residing in Chicago and vicinity. vicinity. and Chicago in residing were who
membership of the German Bumd appears to have been in the neighbor- the in been have to appears Bumd German the of membership
New Germany on orders from Rudolph Hess sometime in 1935. The The 1935. in sometime Hess Rudolph from orders on Germany New
originally of those German nationals who withdrew of the Friends Friends the of withdrew who nationals German those of originally
sulfite in Chicago. Chicago. in sulfite
dence in the United States in 1930. At the time of his appearance appearance his of time the At 1930. in States United the in dence
tee on the affairs of the German Bund, the organization was composed composed was organization the Bund, German the of affairs the on tee
before this committee, he was employed as a clerk in the Germancon- the in clerk a as employed was he committee, this before
bourg (then a part of Germany), on May 29, 1903. He took up resi- up took He 1903. 29, May on Germany), of part a (then bourg
man Blind. Also on October 20, 1939, the committee took the testi- the took committee the 1939, 20, October on Also Blind. man
mony of Fritz Heberling who had been the leader of the German Bund. Bund. German the of leader the been had who Heberling Fritz of mony
committee to testify concerning the nature and activities of the Ger- the of activities and nature the concerning testify to committee
On October 20, 1939, the same witness appeared once more before the the before more once appeared witness same the 1939, 20, October On
mittee heard a witness who had been a member of the German Bund. Bund. German the of member a been had who witness a heard mittee
of German nationals, there is no question about the organization's organization's the about question no is there nationals, German of
undivided loyalty to Hitler. Hitler. to loyalty undivided
vicinity. Inasmuch as the German Bund was composed exclusively exclusively composed was Bund German the as Inasmuch vicinity.
organization of German nationals working exclusively in Chicago and and Chicago in exclusively working nationals German of organization American Bund must be kept clearly in mind. The former was an an was former The mind. in clearly kept be must Bund American
According to testimony received by the committee, the German German the committee, the by received testimony to According
Immediately after the dissolution of the German Bund, however, a a however, Bund, German the of dissolution the after Immediately
The German Bund was dissolved in 1937 by order of the German German the of order by 1937 in dissolved was Bund German The
According to both of the witnesses who testified before the commit- the before testified who witnesses the of both to According
Fritz Heberling, leader of the German Bund, was born in Stras- in born was Bund, German the of leader Heberling, Fritz
On the very first day of its public hearings in August 1938, this com- this 1938, August in hearings public its of day first very the On
The distinction between the German Bund and the German- the and Bund German the between distinction The
72 72
PURPOSES OF THE GERMAN DUNA DUNA GERMAN THE OF PURPOSES
HISTORY OF THE GERMAN BUND BUND GERMAN THE OF HISTORY
THE COMMITTEE'S INVESTIGATION INVESTIGATION COMMITTEE'S THE
FRITZ HEBERLING HEBERLING FRITZ
GERMAN BUND BUND GERMAN
German organizations, inchiding the German-American Bund. Bund. German-American the inchiding organizations, German
vicinity. In this manner the organization was able to report activities activities report to able was organization the manner this In vicinity.
Bund when the latter organization was dissolved in 1937. 1937. in dissolved was organization latter the when Bund
descent generally to the Nazis in Germany. Germany. in Nazis the to generally descent and trends among German nationals and Americans of German German of Americans and nationals German among trends and
absolute loyalty to nazi-ism. nazi-ism. to loyalty absolute
Citizens' League. League. Citizens' Heberling who was at that time the fuehrer or leader of the German German the of leader or fuehrer the time that at was who Heberling
of German nationals, there is no question concerning the organization's organization's the concerning question no is there nationals, German of
treasurer, and H.endley Schickenger, secretary. secretary. Schickenger, H.endley and treasurer,
The German Bund also held joint affairs and meetings with other other with meetings and affairs joint held also Bund German The
The German Citizens' League became the successor of the German German the of successor the became League Citizens' German The
Other officers of the German Citizens' League were Hugo Bamberg, Bamberg, Hugo were League Citizens' German the of officers Other
On October 20, 1939, this committee heard the testimony of Fritz Fritz of testimony the heard committee this 1939, 20, October On Inasmuch as the German Citizens' League was composed exclusively exclusively composed was League Citizens' German the as Inasmuch
UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES PROPAGANDA UN-AMERICAN
GERMAN CITIZENS GERMAN
' '
LEAGUE LEAGUE 73 73 UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES 75
It is now quite clear that what Nazi Germany did was to consolidate all German veterans' organizations into the Kyffhauserbund, and thus made use of it as an arm of the Nazi espionage and . propaganda machine in North America. KYFFHAUSERBUND AIMS OF THE ORGANIZATION Since 1938 this committee has had under investigation an organiza- tion known as the Kyffhauserbund (League of Gentian War Veterans). The committee has in its possession an original membership book The Kyffintuserbund was organized under that name in August 1937, of the Kyffhauserbund, dated February 1, 1939. The title of page 4 and incorporated in the State of Pennsylvania with headquarters in of this book, which is printed in German, will furnish an insight into Philadelphia. It had posts in the following cities: the true nature of the organization. It reads as follows: New York, N. Y. Philadelphia, Pa. Recommendation of Organization Leader as to Members ability of being trusted Berlin, N. J. with confidential work. Boston, Mass. Manhattan, N. Y. Scharnborst, Chicago, 111. The aims and purposes of the Kyffhauserbund in North America Erie, Pa. Detroit, Mich. Rochester, N. Y. are set forth on page 10 of the membership book as follows: Hartford, Conn, Houston, Tex. AIMS AND PURPOSES OP THE ETPFHAUSERRICND IN NORTH AMERICA- IcA'CIONAL OFFICERS OF THE KYFFHAUSERBUND Promote fellowship. Induce our members to become Goon AMERICAN CITI- Kart Schilinacher, national commander, ZENS, and hold in honor our German name. Emil Bruackner, national vice-cominander, Promote and practice German Language and Culture. Work for a better Walter Haeusler, national adjutant. understanding and good will between our homeland and the United States. Karl Schulties, national treasurer, Promote Good fellowship, and work for the social welfare of. our members and their families. PROMOTE RIFLE AND PISTOL PRACTICE. THE COMMITTEL'S INVESIIGATION In 1940 committee investigators made a thorough investigation NYFFHAUSERB1,1•.;D IN TEXAS into the activities of this organization in the State of Texas. All In an effort to determine whether or not the members of this officers of the Kyffhauserbund in the State were subpenaed, before organization were pro-Nazi and working in the interest of Hitler,. the committee and gave testimony in executive session. The com- the committee ordered a detailed investigation of the Houston, Tex., mittee also subpenaed the records of the organization for that State post and all of its members. This investigation • showed that the and from an examination of the records and review of the testimony fuehrer of the Houston post was one Herman Koetter of 537 Hofman of the organization's various officers, it is apparent that the Kyffhauser Street, Houston, Tex., a German citizen who had resided in this band was another example of a legitimate organization being prosti- country 17 years without becoming a citizen, and when questioned tuted by the Nazi cause of Hitler. under oath by the committee's chairman he stated that he had never made up his mind as to whether or not he wanted to become an HISTORY OF THE KYFFHAUSERRUND American citizen. The committee learned that Koetter had met and conferred with the captain and crew of a number of German Prior to the formation of the Kyffhauserbund in 1937, there were in operation in the United Status several German organizations made ships when they docked in the port of Houston. Koetter is now interned in an alien concentration camp in Texas. up of German World War veterans. Most notable of these were the Another member of the Houston post of the Kyffhauserbund. was Stalllhelna (steel helmet) and the Kriegerbund, both of which had their Hans Ackermann, of Taylor, Tex., publisher of the pro-Nazi German headquarters in Germany. The Stahlhelm was founded November language newspaper, the Texas Herold, which was exposed by this 13, 1918, by Franz Seldte, a factory owner- in Magdeburg, Germany, committee in 1940. A subcommittee of this committee spent 3 weeks who remained the head of the Stahlhelm until its absorption by the Nazi Party in in Austin, Tex., studying the records and files of Hans Ackermann and the early summer of 1933. The purpose of the Stahl- his newspaper, the Texas Herold. Also a number of witnesses, in- helm was both social and political. Its political activities aimed at cluding Hans Ackermann and his wife, Frieda, were called to testify fighting against the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. Branches-of concerning their activities. This hearing and investigation by the the Stahlltelm were set. up in this country and were later merged into subcommittee revealed that Hans Ackermann and his wife, Frieda, the Kyffhauserbund. Following the formation of the latter organiza- were given a free trip to Germany in 1939 at the expense of the Ntizi tion in 1937, the committee has evidence that units of the Krieger- hund have also affiliated with the Kyffhauserbund. government. They admitted under oath that they had met and conferred with Rudolph Hess at the Brown House in Munich and that 74 during their stay in Germany they had sent back pro-Nazi articles and editorials concerning their visit which were printed in the Texas Herold. While they were in Germany, war broke out end it was ii 76 UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES 1jN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES 77
necessary for them to L STRIPLING. How about Dr. Wendler? to Italy and return to the United States on _ Mr.Mr. Nserkn. Dr. Wendler, I know him personally, and I think he was once or the Italian steamship Ra.1. An examination of the issue of the Texas Herold clearly showed that it was simply a propaganda sheet for Nazi twice at one of our meetings. Germany, being used in an effort to influence the German population which is concentrated in and about Taylor, Tex. The personal files The CHAIRMAN. Didn't you feel from your long contact with the organization that it was very much pro-Nazi; that is, the national organization; didn't it have of Hans Ackermann contained numerous letters and communications that appearance to you? from Wendler, former German Consul Geeeml in New Orleans, and Mr. NESTER. I believe they was to a certain extent. I wouldn't say exactly his successor, the notorious Baron Von Spiegel. Both Wendler and pro-Nazi; they are for the new Germany more or less. Von Spiegel had made trips from New Orleans to Taylor, Tex., some The CHAIRMAN. When you say pro-new Germany, you mean pro-Nazi Ger- many? I 700 miles to confer with Ackermann from time to time. From the Mr. NESTER. About the Caine; yes. evidence before the subcommittee is was clear that Ackermann was pro-Nazi and working in the interest of Hitler's Germany. On September 28, 1942, Hans Mr. STRIPLING. Do you know Hails Ackermann? Ackermann went on trial in Austin, Tex., Mr. NESTER. Yes; I do. before Federal Judge W. A. Keeling, where the Federal Government Mr. STRIPLING. Did you ever read his paper, the Texas Herold? seeks to revoke his United States citizenship. The Government Mr. NESTER. I do. charges Ackermann with remaining loyal to Germany and with Mr. STRIPLING. You subscribe to it? Mr. -NESTER. Yes. "doing all in his power to aid the German Reich in its causes." Mr. STRIPLING. Do you think his paper is pro-Hitler? While there were only 25 members of the Kyffhauserbund in Texas, Mr. NESTER. I think it is. I think he is trying to bring out the other side, the the books and records of the organization show that. it was a very active German side of the picture. group constantly engaged in collecting money for German winter The CHAIRMAN. Do you see the possibility of an organization such as yours relief and other campaigns in behalf of Germany. It was brought out being used for espionage purposes, even though many of its members would have in no such intention or no such purpose. In other words, to make myself clear, there the testimony of Herman Nester, secretary and treasurer• of the will be an organization that is modeled very much along the lines of a legal and Houston Post of the Kyffhauserbund, that on a number of occasions legitimate organization, and assuming that a great many of the members were only the KyffIntuserbund entertained the captain and crew of German boats actuated by a perfectly legal and legitimate design to belong to it can you not see the danger that an agent of the foreign government could utilize that organization, which docked at Houston, Tex., and at these affairs a Nazi swastika or attend meetings of the organization for the purpose of gathering important was displayed and the meeting was opened by singing the Horst information to transmit to his government? majority Wessel. Nester further admitted that on some occasions literature Mr. NESTER. I would think there could be such a possibility, without a was given them by the captain of the boat. The committee also of the members knowing it. learned that several times Wendler, Consul General at New Orleans, From the foregoing testimony, it can be seen that this organization had come to Houston, some 500 miles distance, to meet with the was in such close contact with the agents of Hitler that it could very Kyffhauserbund. In - order to determine the true nature of the easily have been one of the espionage units of the German Government. organization, there is quoted here the testimony of Herman. Nester, Listed below are the 10 most active members of the Houston post of secretary and treasurer of the build, which appears on pages 1102-1104 the KyflhnUserbuind: of the committee's hearings in executive session: Herman Koetter, 537 Hofman Street. Mr. STRIPLING. At any meetings of the Kyffhauserbund, social or otherwise John Ritzen, 207 Henley. was the swastika ever displayed? Herman Nester, 14 Hyde Park. Mr. NESTER. Yes. Henry Becker, 1903 South Shepherd. Mr. STRIPLING. Is it always displayed? George Von Der Goltz, Route 7, Box 747. Mr. NESTER. No sir. Ernst Haardt, Post Office Box 1164. Mr. STRIPLING. 'When was it displayed? Er. P. Friedrich, T. 5, Box 538. Mr. NmsTen. It was displayed twice. Richard Knorr, Needville, Texas. Mr. STRIPLING. Whenever German ships came in? Hans Ackermann, Box 191, Taylor, Texas. Mr. NESTER. Yes. Helmuth Von Bose, Box 245, Rosenberg, Texas. Mr. STRIPLING. At any other times? Mr. NoeTOE. There mhy have been other times. I believe it was when this The most recent campaign of the Kyffhauserbund was the collec- Nazi movement came about in Germany; it may have been displayed a few times. tion of money to be sent to Germany for the ostensible purpose of but later on we didn't do it any more. providing relief for German soldier's. In order to do this it was Mr. SToseLING. Have you ever sung the Horst Wessel? Mr. NESTER. Yes; we have. necessary that they register with the State Department, which they Mr. STRIPLING. You sing it, at every meeting? did on November 27, 1939. This committee's investigators made a Mr. NESTER. No. We sang it possibly when some of the boys from the boat cheek of all of their financial transactions and it was determined that was here. they collected $140,567.43, of which amount they have distributed Mr. STRIPLING. You said you received from the German ships literature and pamphlets? $103,024.06 for relief to German soldiersin Germany and interned Mr. NESTER. Yes. German prisoners of war in the British Empire. The majority of these funds, however, were sent to Germany. Beside the $140,567.43 collected they also collected $26,004.23 in kind, which was distributed in a similar manner. On February 1, 1942, the State Department
pompermy... srsowarpq, on file with the committee. campaign in behalf of German soldiers. The list of these people is
records of the Chicago "Fuehrer" of the Kyffhauserbund, one Nicholas
in Chicago, who had contributed money to. the Kyffhauserbund's
Mueller, that he had in his possession a list of 2,834 individuals residing
of the Kyffhanserbuncl, the committee found, when it subpenaed the
account.
mitted to continue in furnishing Nazi Germany with money. At the
present time there is an unexpended balance of $17,000 in their canceled their registration and they have not been officially per-
78
As an indication of the sympathetic response given this undertaking
UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES
Alliance and its first secretary; Otto Albert Willumeit, leader of the American National Alliance (Einheitsfront—translation: UNITED Fnowr), took testimony in executive session from the following officers of the organization: William H. Silge, head of the organization
German-American Bund in Chicago; and Ernst A. Ten Eicken, also committee; Homer H. Maertz, one of the original directors of the
records of the German-American National Alliance from their head- one of the original directors of the organization.
lated and from an examination of these records and a review of the
and correspondence of the organization. They have all been trans- quarters in Chicago. These records were all in German and included
testimony of the officials of the organization the following facts have the membership files, the list of delegates, minutes, financial records, been determined: Alliance, Inc., also known as the Einheitsfront was held at 1301 Cornelia Avenue, Chicago, Ill., on October 30, 1938. The following
persons were elected as directors of the organization: which appear in this section as exhibit 1. Following this action, the
officers named below were elected:
delegates to the alliance representing 17 States. A tabulation of the
number of delegates from each State is included in this section as
reaching into Indiana and Wisconsin. In 1940, there were 524
with a circulation of approximately 52,000. ship fees, and the sale of radio advertisements.
exhibit 2. The membership of the alliance was about 18,000.
Alliance set up an association known as the "National Federation of American Citizens of German Descant," and Ten Eicken, one of the
directors of the alliance, reported to the delegates of the alliance that
there "were now several thousand more than 2,000,000 persons behind
The committee, in conducting its investigation of the German-
On November 18, 1.940, the committee subpenaed all of the files and
The first regular meeting of the German-American National
The directors then proceeded to adopt the bylaws and constitution
The main strength of the organization was in and about Chicago,
The official publication of the organization was the "News Letter," The principal source of its income was from contributions, member-
On October 23, 1939, the leaders of the German-American National
Otto Schwarck. Homer H. Maertz. George Joesten. Ernst A. Ten Eicken. Paul Warnholtz.
Secretary
Treasurer
President
Vice president
279895-43—A ppend x 7-13
GERMAN-AMERICAN NATIONAL ALLIANCE
Otto Schwarck.
George Joesten. Homer H. Maertz.
Ernst A. Ten Eicken.
79 80 'UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIE6 UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES 81
us." Paul Warnholtz, one of the directors of the alliance, was presi- Mr. MAERZ, What I am interested, in in the United States is to place Christiana dent of the National Federation of American Citizens of German at the head of our Government, our business, our education, our churches, our Descent. general economic structure. The CHAIRMAN. Put them in complete control? The "Objectives and Aims" of the alliance are set forth in its Mr. MAERZ. Yes, sir. constitution as follows: (Executive Hearings, vol. 4, p. 1661) 1. To promote respect for the Constitution and to defend it, the laws, and the general welfare of the United States of America: The CHAIRMAN. Do you attend bond meetings? 2, To oppose the formation by the United States of America of entangling Mr. MARRZ. Yes, sir; I have been there. alliances with foreign nations. The CHAIRMAN. Many times? 3. To assure to United States citizens of Germanic blood the enjoyment of Mr. MAERZ. Yes. the rights and liberties guaranteed to citizens by the Constitution. - The CHAIRMAN. Do you speak at bond meetings?, Mr. MAERZ. Yes I have. In determining the true aims and purposes of the German-American The CHAIRMAN. Do you approve of the hund? National Alliance, the committee feels that at the outset of this Mr. MASKS. Yes; I approve of the bond, although I will admit that they made report it is pertinent to consider the background and views of one of several mistakes. the original directors and first secretary of the alliance, Homer (Executive Hearings, vol. 4, pp. 1663-16641 Maerz (Maertz). H. . This committee has had Homer Maerz' before it as a witness on The CHAIRMAN. Do you ever talk to the German consulate here? Do you know any of the German consulate? two occasions. He was first heard in executive session in Chicago, Mr. MAERZ, Yes; I do. on October 2, 1939. He was later heard in Washington, D. C. The CHAIRMAN. A pretty good friend of theirs? on 'January 19, 1942, also in executive session. It might be stated Mr. MAERZ. I know them well; yes. at this point that Maerz and his activities during the intervening time The CHAIRMAN. You meet with them and you all talk about this subject? Mr. MAERZ. No, sir. between his first and last appearance were under surveillance by the The CHAIRMAN. You never talked to them about your movement? committee. Mr. MAERz. In what respect? From Ma.eres own testimony, it can.be stated that he is pro-Nazi, The CHAIRMAN. What do you talk about when you meet, with them? and anti-Semitic and has engaged in various forms of un-Americanism. Mr. MAsEr. Well, various and sundry subjects. Usually I have had occasion to go up there. His, full name is Herman Bonier Gustus Maerz, and his address as The CHAIRMAN. You talk about Jews, don't you? last given was 1169 North Dearborn, Chicago, Ill. On December Mr. MARatz. I don't like the Jews; that is true. 29, 1939, he was sentenced to serve a term of one to ten years in the The CHAIRMAN. I say, you and the counsel talk about the Jews, don't you? Illinois State Penitentiary for malicious mischief growing out of his Mr. MAunz, I wouldn't say. . anti-Semitic activities. The CHAIRMAN. How is that? Mr. MANES. I wouldn't say that. Homer Maerz was the founder and head of the Dearborn Crusaders, The CHAIRMAN. What is it you talk about. Don't you talk about your move- a letterhead organization which engaged in anti-Semitic activity. ment, the crusade movement? Maerz has been responsible for the distribution of hundreds of thous- Mr. MAERz. Well, more or less. I talk about the lack of understanding that exists in this country- today. ands of stickers, leaflets, and booklets defaming the Jewish people. The CHAIRMAN. Toward Germany? According to his own testimony, he, has been in contact with and co- Mr, MARES. That's tight, toward Germany. operated. with most of the active fascists in the United States, such as William Dudley Tetley and George Deatherage. Maerz is quite (Executive Hearings, vol. 4, pp, 1664-1665) frank about his rabid hatred for the Jews and he is equally frank Mr. MARES. Well, I like to read books, magazines, newspapers. concerning his pro-Nazi sympathies and admiration for Hitler and The CHAIRMAN. What is the name of the consul that you talk to? Mr. IVIARaz. The consul general in Chicago is Dr. Vaer. Mussolini. He also admitted that he approved of the Gorman-Amer- ican The CHAIRMAN. And you have talked to him, haven't you? Build, that he had spoken, at their meetings, and attended them Mr. MARRS. Yes, sir. regularly. He also adMitted frequent visits to the German and The CHAIRMAN. How many 'Hines have you talked to him? Italian consulates in Chicago, Mr. Mmintz. I haven't seen for quite some time. The CHAIRMAN. When was the last time you saw him? To substantiate the above statements, the committee quotes below Mr. MAERZ. Oh, it must be—Oh, gosh, it must be 2 or 3 months ago that I seen excerpts from the testimony of Homer Maerz, taken in Chicago, Ill., him the last time. on October 2, 1939: The CHAIRMAN, Did you ever talk to the Italian consulate? Mr. MASEr. Yee I have. (Executive Hearings, vol. 4, p. 1660) The CHAIRMAN. You talked to them about the same thing? Mr. MAims. No; I talked to them about the vicious propaganda that appeared The CHAIRMAN. Are you sympathetic with nazi-ism? in such publications as Ken. That is quite some time ago, however. Mr- MAERZ. Well, in what respect? The CHAIRMAN. So that there is a sympathetic feeling between the consul, the The CHAIRKAN, I mean, do you admire Hitler and his achievements? Italian consul, the German consul and the bond and your groups, a sympathetic Mr. MAERz. Yes; I think he is .doing a fine job in Germany. :feeling between them all? The CHAIRMAN. You approve of his attitude toward the German people? Mr, MAERZ. Well it all depends on what way one terms that. - Mr. MAERZ. •Yes, Sir. Germany don't you? The CHAIRMAN. YOU sympathize with Italy and The CHAIRMAN. What is it that you are seeking to do in the United States? Mr. MAERZ. Yes. I think they ore doing fine jobs. in the matter of the present European conflict.
whereof the sale of arms. munitions and implements
a letter from the president of the alliance to Senator Logan of Ken- of all organizations which are or may become affiliated with us, to assist in pre-
venting by lawful means any person from ever again holding a public office, who votes for the enactment of legislation or termination of existing laws, as a result tucky under date of March 6, 1939, and quotes also from a letter of Paul A. Warnholtz of September 1939:
alliance was serving Germany, the committee includes as exhibit 3 referred to extensively. As an illustration of the manner in which the it by this committee and the press in Chicago. campaign, the minutes of the board of directors meetings will be
consistent, barrage of publicity and exposure which was leveled against
alliance was not very successful in its endeavor is largely due to the
interest of Nazi Germany. It was composed entirely of people of
wav or another with their German homeland. The fact that the
segment of our population into a political bloc and pressure group
German descent who naturally would entertain some sympathy one which would exert itself politically in domestic politics to the best
Committee. groups, such as the America First and Keep America Out of War
secondary objective was to promote and preserve what the organization
in this country, It will be shown further in the report that the alliance enthusiastically supported the work of various antiwar and isolationist
referred to as "Germanism," and to combat anti-German propaganda
in the United States of America during the period of 1939-41. The
exactly the line that Nazi Germany was attempting to put across
is apparent that the, primary objective of the organization was to
prevent America's participation in the war, which of course was
February 11, 1939, Maerz was removed as a director and secretary of MaerZ'S the grounds that too many inquiries had been made concerning
drawing up. It should be stated as this point, however, that on welfare of the United States of America," as set forth in the objects of and views could found an organization which purported to "promote
the alliance's constitution and which Maerz was instrumental in
the German-American National Alliance by action of the directors on
National Alliance, it is inconceivable that a man with his past record
respect for the Constitution and to defend it., the laws, and the general
erage?
82
Permit us to state that we are aiming to pledge all of our members and members
In detailing the efforts of the alliance in its neutrality and antiwar
The purpose of the alliance was to unite the entire German-American
The CHAIRMAN. Hitler is doing a fine job? The CHAIRMAN. Mussolini is doing a fine job? Mr. MARRZ. In Italy; yes.
From an examination of the confidential minutes of the alliance, it
The CHAIRMAN. Coughlin is doing a fine job?
Mr. MAnaz. Yes; in Germany.
The CHAIRMAN. Pelley is doing a fine job?
Mr. MAzaz. Yes.
Since Maerz was one of the founders of the German-American
Mr. MAERZ. Excellent.
The CHAIRMAN. What about Deatherage; are you very friendly with Death-
Mr. MAERZ. Deatherage is doing a fine job.
background and past history.
UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES
(Executive hearings, vol. 4, pp. 1669-1670)
of war would
be permitted.
neutrality line which was at that time most favorable to Germany,
meeting held an August 29, 1939:
another letter must still
the committee quotes from the minutes of the board of directors
exhibit 4. The complete minutes of this meeting are included in this section as
5, 1939, the following is quoted; Out
The entire minutes of this meeting are included in this section as
exhibit 5.
1939, the following is quoted:
embargo. He proposed that we send a telegram to every Congressman, which
was considered to be very sharp. but Mr. Warnholtz gave the assurance that even cost $231.23. however would cost more than 5200. There
The entire minutes of this meeting are included in this section as
gram was made and accepted. The telegram was immediately dispatched and
though it was sharp no one could find fault with it, The motion to send the tele-
exhibit 6.
the coming election.
held in Lincoln Turnerhalle, the following is quoted:
The entire minutes of this meeting are included in this section as
exhibit 7.
the following is quoted:
anti-war meeting which will be held at Soldier's Fled on August 4. It is essential
exhibit 8. The entire minutes of this meeting are included in this section that the meeting be broadcast. Reference thereto should also be made in
News Letter.
1940, the following is quoted:
exhibit 9. The entire minutes of this meeting are included in this section as
Soldier's Field on August 4.
The entire minutes of this meeting are included in this section as
4, 1940, the following is quoted:
exhibit 10.
To emphasize the close adherence of the alliance to this antiwar and
Mr. Ten Eicken reported that we will have Captain Grace as speaker but that
From the minutes of the board of directors meeting of September Twenty-five dollars was authorized .to purchase auto stickers, "Keep U.
Mr. Warnholtz stated that we must still take a final step in the question of the
From the minutes of the board of directors meeting of October 30,
The next task is to keep America out of war", and that we take our part in
From the minutes of the delegates' meeting of November 29, 1939,
From the minutes of the board of directors meeting of .July 3, 1940,
Mr. Schwarck pointed out that
Mr. Johnk was commissioned to broadcast the great anti-war meeting at
From the minutes of the board of directors meeting of July 23,
From the
We are only against war and we are fighting to keep this country out of it.
of War,"
minutes
UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES
be
of the board of directors meeting of September
written. The subject is "Keep U. S. A. out of War."
it
was important that we widely advertise the
was
a long
debate over the text; it
S. A.
83
the
as 84 UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES 85 n There was a long discussion on how difficult it was for many members to pay From the minutes of the board of directors meeting of September the $1.00 membership dues, but in most cases it is not a question of funds but one 25, 1940, the following is quoted: of recognition of one's OBLIGATION TO GERMANISM. The America First Society plan.s to hold Mass meetifig and we should remain in close contact with it. Mr. Schwarck stated that he always attended these The entire minutes of this meeting are included in this section as meetings. exhibit No. 15. A long debate ensued concerning the relative merits of Roosevelt and Willkie. The committee also refers to the minutes of the board of directors' It is very difficult for Germans to vote for either, but perhaps one is obliged to meeting on May 7, 1940, where the following is recorded: decide that we most oppose a third term and that Willkie is perhaps the lesser evil. More German should be spoken at the meetings. The entire minutes of this meeting are included in this section as The entire minutes of the meeting are included in this section as exhibit 11. exhibit 16. From the minutes of the board of directors meeting of September The committee attaches importance to the remarks of Paul Warn- I 30, 1940, the following is quoted: holtz, one of the directors of the alliance, as recorded in the minutes -sections held atthe German The presidential election will be the most difficult, but we have adopted a of the meeting of.directors with individual resolution committing ourselves to vote against any candidate who advises lifting Club, August 26, 1940, in which the following is recorded: the embargo. Mr. Warn holtz stated that ho did not favor an investigation by the Dies Com- The entire minutes of this meeting are included in this section as mittee, that the whole thing is a newspaper campaign which we can only oppose exhibit 12. with great difficulty. There are many telephone calls against which we are power- less and all we can do is hang on. The newspapers themselves do not consider us From the minutes of the board of directors meeting of November 7, un-American. They only volts continually that we are pro-Nazi, which is a some- 1940, the following is quoted: what vaguer term. This is not even a reflection upon us since guile naturally our sympathies a-re with the old country. We are now trying to .arrange connections with Mr. Schwarck pointed out that it is absolutely necessary to assist the American First Committee, since this Committee does not appear to be able to get under the Blind. way properly. While the committee has no evidence of open cooperation between the The present aim of our Organization to keep America out of war" is very im- German-American Build. and the alliance, the- foregoing .statement of portant and then we will work to strengthen ourselves for the next election. Warnholtz is significant in view of the fact that two of the original The entire minutes of this meeting are included in this section as brains behind the idea and organization of the alliance were Otto exhibit 13. Willumeit, Chicago "fuehrer" of the bund, and Homer Matra, a While the constitution of the German-American National Alliance supporter of the build. does not list the promotion of GERMANISM as one of its objectives, EXHIBIT 1 it is apparent from a study of the organization's records that it was {Adopted at the first meeting of the Board of Directors October 30, 1938) in fact. one of the main purposes and functions of the Alliance. To substantiate this point, the committee refers to the minutes of the CONSTITUTION OF GERMAN-AMERICAN NATIONAL ALLIANCE board of directors meeting of August 14, 1939, in which the following CONSTITUTION is recorded: The objects of the corporation are: The battle against anti-German fiimk 'mist he intensified since these films are 1. To promote respect for the Constitution and to defend it, the laws, and the directed against GERMANISM in the United States. general welfare of the United States of America. Various organizations havejoined the Alliance. 2, To oppose the formation by the United 'States of America of entangling A letter from Montgomery Ward was read in which it was stated that they alliances with foreign nations. have not boycotted German goods but on the contrary are constantly importing 3. To assure to -United States citizens of Germanic blood the enjoyment of goods from Germany. the rights and liberties guaranteed to Citizens by the Constitution. it CAD be seen from the foregoing reference to the letter from Mont- Br-LAws gomuy Ward that the alliance had concerned itself with the boycott of goods from Germany which could hardly be considered an American ARTICLE I. NAME ANT) LOCATION activity- R. The name of the corporation is: GERMAN-AMERICAN NATIONAL AT.LIANCE * * * promoting the general welfare of the United States of America- b. Its principal place of business shall be located in the CITY OF CHICAGO, STATE OP ILLINOIS. ns stated in the objectives of the constitution of the alliance. The ARTICLE II. MEMBERS entire minutes of this meeting are included in this section as exhibit 14. The committee also refers to the minutes of the delegates' meeting a. Membership shall be of two classes, namely: on October 23, 1939, at the Lincoln Turnerhalle, where the following 1. Voting (of active) members. is found: 2, Non-voting {or sustaining) members. b. Voting members shall—except as hereinafter provided for--consist only of A delegate then submitted a report concerning the Germans of the Volga who organizations whose right to vote shall he vested in delegates appointed by such were not yet convinced that it was necessary to asseoiate themselves with GER- organizations; a delegate must be a citizen of the United States of America and rzAtrism. Dr. Silge agreed to establish contact with these organizations. of Germanic blood.
pow 86 UN-AlvIERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES UN-AmERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES 87
c. Organizations shall vote and participate through delegates in the affairs of n. The duties of committees shall be-designated by the president, wnich shall the corporation; organizations shall be entitled to participate by one delegate for be subject to ratification by the board of directors. each 100 members of such organizations; an organization having less than ten o. The board of directors may by resolution duly passed by it at any time call members shall not be entitled to participate by a delegate nor shall an organiza- a special meeting of all voting members of the corporation to elect a new board tion having more than 100 members be entitled to an additional delegate for the of directors. Such special meeting shall be subject to fourteen days prior notice first ten members in excess of a completed number of 100 members. to be given to all delegate members or to the organizations represented by them. d. The officers and members of the board of directors in office and also the p. The board of directors shall have the sole right to call special meetings of the charter members of the corporation shall be entitled to all the rights of delegates. . voting members of the corporation, which right shall only be exercised by resolu- e. Sustaining members may form groups, and as such are entitled to representa- tion by it duly passed. tion by delegates in like manner as pertains to voting members and with like rights q. Officers and members of the board of directors shall not receive any com- and subject to like restrictions. pensation as such for services they may render for or on behalf of the corporation, f. All plospeetive members must declare themselves in sympathy with the objects of the GERMAN-AMERICAN NATIONAL ALLIANCE, are stated in the constitu- ARTICLE IV. OFFICERS tion thereof, and with any then existing amendments thereto, before they may be accepted as members. a. The officers of the corporation shall be a president, vice president, treasurer, g. The delegates, officers, members of the board of directors and charter mem- and secretary, who shall be elected by the board of directors. The board of bers of the GERMAN-AMERIC_All NATIONAL ALLIANcE, constitute the only members directors, by resolution, may create the -offices of one or more assistant treasurers having voting rights in the affairs of the GERMAN-AMERICAN NATIONAL ALLIANCE. and assist-ant secretaries- and of additional vice presidents, all of whom shall be All officers and members of the board of directors must be citizens of the elected by the board of directors. The term of office of any officer shall be of United States of America and of Germanic blood. indefinite duration, and may be terminated at any time as of any date by the board i. No person is qualified to be or remain an officer or member of tho hoard of of directors. directorsof the b. The President, The President shall be the principal executive officer of the GERMAN-AMERICAN NATIONAL ALLIANCE while he holds or is a candidate for a political public office which is subject to election. corporation, and shall in general supervise and control all of the business and affairs of the corporation—subject, however, to the direction and supervision by ARTICLE III. BOARD GE DIRECTORS the board of directors. He shall preside at all meetings of voting members. He may sign with the secretary of the treasurer of the corporation any deeds, mort- a. The board of directors shall consist of five members who must be citizens of gages, bonds, contracts or other instruments which the board of directors have the -United States of America and of Germanic blood. (Since Election in July authorized to be executed, except in cases where the signing and execution thereof 1930 the board of directors consists of nine). seen be expressly delegated by the board of directors or by these by-laws to some They shall be elected by voting members at the regular membership meetings, other officer or agent of the corporation, or shall be required by law to be other- or as otherwise provided for herein under the powers given to the board of directors. wise signed or executed; and in general perform all duties incident to the office of b. Three members of the board of directors present at any meeting thereof shall president and such other duties as may be prescribed by the hoard of directors from constitute a quorum. (Now it is 5). time to time. c. Any resolution to be peesed by the board of directors shall require the affirm- c. The Vice-Presidents. In the absence of the president or in the event of his ative vote of at least three directors. inability or refusal to act, the vice-president (or in the event there be more than d. Board of directors meetings shall be held on the first Thursday of every one vice-president, the vice presidents in the order of their election) shall perform mouth, the duties of the president, and when so acting shall have all the powers of and be e. Special meetings of the board of directors may be called at any time by the subject to all the restrictions upon the president. Any vice-president may sign, chairman of the board of directors or by any three members of the hoard of with the secretary, and shall perform such other d utiee as from tinie to time may be directoie. assigned to him by the president or by the board of directors. f. Notice of special meetings of the board of directors must be given by regis- d. The Treasurer. If required by the board of directors, the treasurer shall tered mail to each director to his last known address at least five days before give a bond for the faithful discharge of his duties in such sum and with such such meeting is held. Waiver of notice must be in writing to be binding upon surety or sureties as the board of directors shall determine. He shall (a) have any director. charge and custody of and be responsible for all fends and securities of the cor- g. A member of the board of directors cannot be removed as such except for a poration; receive—and give receipts for—moneys due and payable to the corpora- cause which would constitute willful and malicious abuse of his rights and duties tion from any source whatsoever, and deposit all such moneys in the name of the as a director, and then only upon resolution properly passed by the board of corporation in such brinks, trust companies or other depositaries as shall be directors at a special meeting called for such purpose. selected by the board of directors' (b) in general perform all the duties incident to h. Vacancies on the board of directors shall be-filled by the remaining members the office of treasurer and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned of the board of directors at a meeting thereof called for such purpose, and appoint- to him by the president or by the board of directors. - meats by them made to fill a vacancy must be ratified by a resolution by the e. The Secretary. The secretary shall be the custodian of the corporate records hoard of directors before becoming effective. and of the seal of the corporation and of all the books, records and files of the is The board of directors eliall elect its own chairman, who shall preside at corporation. It shall be his duty to maintain full and complete lists of the its meetings. names and addresses of all members of the corporation and of necessary data j. The board of directors shall elect its own secretary, who shall keep minutes relating thereto. It shall be his duty to—by himself or assistant or assistants-- of the board of directors meetings and keep the same fir a separate book for that keep minutes of all meetings, properly held, of delegates, and of all other meetings - purpose. held by authority given by the board of directors, except of meetings of the board k. The board of directors etiall elect the officers of the corporation who shall of directors; he shall in general perform all duties incident to the office of secretary consist of a president, vice president, secretary and a treasurer, who mi st be and such lather duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the president citizens of the United States of America and of Germanic blood, but need not or by the board of directors. be members of the board of directors nor delegate members. Only the offices of f. The instructions given by the board of directors to any officer shall supersede secretary and treasurer may be held by the same person at the same time. the rights and authority of such officers and shall immediately be complied with 1. The officers of the corporation shall hold office for an indefinite term, and by such officer. the board of directors by resolution may at any time terminate as of any date ARTICLE V. MEETINGS whatsoever the term of office of any officer. in. Members of committees shall be appointed by the president, which ap- Regular inembership meetings shall be held on the last Friday of the month of pointments shall be subject to ratification by the board of directors. October, commencing with year 1942 and every four years thereafter. The presence of ten persons entitled to vote shall constitute a quorum at any regular membership meeting or special meeting thereof.
-- Arkansas
-so resigned, etc.'
I such, shall fill such office for the unexpired period of time ,of the respective director the board of directors in one and the same year. meeting may be determined, in order to prevent a reelection of all members of the place of any director who may have resigned, or otherwise ceased to set as at any meeting of the board of directors. Colorado duly called and held for such purpose on July 12, 1939. The term of office of a Idaho California he elected July 12, 1939 shall serve for periods of one to four years as at said director shall be four (4) years, except the members of the board of directors to Florida Chicago and of Germanic descent, and whereof five (5) members shall constitute a quorum special meeting called for such purpose. as a director, or by reason of such conduct, acts, or failure to act, as in the opinion was adopted, in accordance with the by-laws of said corporation: of the board of directors is injurious to the welfare of the corporation. Such mously voted to resign, the board of directors shall hereafter be increased from o'clock p. m. pursuant to the rules of said corporation the following resolution cause which would constitute willful and malicious abuse of his rights and duties 88 removal is subject to resolution properly passed by the board of directors at a re-elected." but any charter member who has ceased to be a director shall thereby also lose modified, altered or amended at regular Membership meetings, or at special the his voting right, unless his ceasing to be a director is the result of failure to be having voting rights in the affairs of the German-American National Alliance; of -the German-American National Alliance shall constitute the only members altered or amended at any special meeting of the board of directors or of members, meeting. called for such purpose by the board of directors, or at any regular membership membership meeting called for such purpose by the board of directors. (5)
llinois
" 'Directors appointed subsequently to said meeting of July 12, 1939, to take
" 'These nine (9) directors shall be elected at a membership meeting to be 2. "A member of the board of directors cannot be removed as such except for a " "At a duly called special meeting of the members of the board of directors of "The delegates, officers, members of the board of directors and charter members 1. a.
b.
to nine (9) members, who must be citizens of the United States of America
GERMAN-AMERICAN NATIONAL
The present board of directors consisting of five (5) members having unani-
Article III, paragraph (g) has been changed to read as follows:
Article II paragraph (g) has been changed to read as follows: The by-laws of the German-American National Alliance may be modified,
The constitution of the German-American National Alliance can only be
FEBRUARY 11, 1930. SUBSEQUENT AMENDMENTS MADE
German-American Naiional
UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES
270 Indiana
187 North Dakota
1 New York 2 Minnesota 1 Michigan 5 Massachusetts 1 Iowa
ARTICLE VI. AMENDMENTS
A EXH1B1T
LLIANCE
Alliance Delegates for 1940
2
held on Monday, May 1939, at 8:00
13
a 1 3 3 1
2
Texas Utah
Wisconsin Washington
Total delegates._ 524
26
1 1 3
- DEAR SENATOR:
'permit us to state that we believe your generosity to refer to property which does
OPEN LETTER
Hon. Copy
England and France such purpose, but believe that your liberal attitude assumes its grotesque forms not belong to you. We are not certain that you would spend your own money for
only when public money is involved.
Senators, or any other persons, but it seems that of late the talk of war mongers,
international troublemakers and irresponsible war shouters is assuming dangerous
in democracy, as you profess to do, permit us to suggest that you take inventory and thereupon how many of them are willing to pay the costs of another war to proportions, and that therefore a plain language answer is necessary. Believing at home and find out just how many people in the State of Kentucky are able to,
"save the world for democracy" or for whatever other hypocritical slogan may be adopted by the international war mongers.- -
people are your employers. Therefore, consultations with your employers may be in order before vou unduly commit the same to expenses for your fantastic pur-
suggested that you would do a good job for them by devoting your poses.
collecting from your beloved England and France some of the many billions of pay interest every year. You should know that these countries are plain dead- dollars they owe us, and on which we, the people of the United States of America,
beats in that behalf. who may become responsible for the possible setting of thousands of white marble
crosses and of the word "Gold Star" in front of the name "Mother," just in order other than our own America in defense of our own country. to defend the war loot held by foreign nations or for the benefit of any nation
makers, false propagandists and super-economists were clumped into an ash can.
will again be on the face of America, if all war mongers, international trouble- tion aims to help in that direction. that no nation on earta is planning such an attack, and that we should devote our We feel that America is safe from attack by any nation or combination of nations, efforts and energies towards remedying conditions at home instead of sticking an impudent nose into the affairs of other nations. America needs Americans and
not internationalists in public office. The ever increasing power of our organiza- Our organization is not in the habit of writing wild letters to United States
another letter must still be written. The subject is "Keep U. S. A. out of
Let us remind you of the fact that you are but a public servant, and that the available to him. * * * prepared to attend when it appears necessary. The necessary funds
War". * *
We also wish to state that our organization feels particularly unfriendly to those
We firmly believe that inside of six months from now, smiles and happiness
United
MARVEL M. LOGAN,
Mr. ten Eicken reported that we will have Captain Grace as speaker but that
The matter of a convention in the East was discussed. Mr. Warnholtz is
MINUTES OE THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS MEETING AUGUST
If
Very truly yours,
States Senator of the State of Kent uck,
you ftnd that you must do something for your employers, it may be
GERMAN-AMERICAN NATIONAL ALLIANCE, INC.
'UN
(DEUTSCH-AMERINANISCHE EINHEITSPRONT)
Regarding your recent statements that you would furnish -
AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES
the
(Signed)
things they need, so that they could whip the dictators,
Address: Post Office Box 492
Extiiarr 3
GERMAN-AMERICAN NATIONAL ALLIANCE,
ERNEST RICHARD
EXHIBIT
1Vash
A.
E.
•
TEN EICHEN,
CHICAGO, ILL., 4
ington, D. C. y
SiEs2N, Secretary.
President.
March
energies
6, 1959,
29, 1939
-
were made
towards
89 P°
-
.very important that we Include all societies in the State of Illinois.
find seats to excuse them since no one had expected that the attendance would
appreciation for the wonderful support and requested everyone who could not
* *
be so large. A profit of approximately $500 had been achieved.
quested membership material. This material will be sent to him immediately. organization. MINUTES OF THE DELEGATES' MEETING, NOVEMBER organization for Illinois. The motion was unanimously adopted. Dr. Bilge is in
charge of the organization for Chicago and Mr. ten Eicken for Illinois. It is
and cost $231_23. * * *
is impossible to reach a decision the matter was deferred to a future meeting
even though it was sharp no one could find fault with it. The motion to send
whether it should be a separate organization or merely a committee. Since it
the telegram was made and accepted. The telegram was immediately dispatched
it was considered to be very sharp, but Mr. Warnholtz gave the assurance that
however, would cost more than $200. There was a long debate over the text;
embargo. He proposed that we send a telegram to every Congressman, which,
trip to Milwaukee. We should try to recruit new members in Milwaukee but this will he difficult, since it is very Communistic. * * *
Out of War". * * *
tions should be made. * * *
will inquire whether this is possible. Warnholtz could give no definite information about it.
reached.
90
At the outset Mr. ten Eicken expressed his thanks. Mrs. Silge likewise expressed
Mr. ten Eicken reported that some one at Northwestern University had re- It was suggested that the
The matter of the ladies organization was then discussed, particularly as to
Mr. Warnholtz moved that Mr. ten Eicken be named chairman of the state
Mr. Warnboltz stated that we must still take a final step in the question of the
Twenty-five dollars was authorized to purchase auto stickers, "Keep U. S. A. The matter of the convention in Philadelphia was again discussed. Mr.
It is absolutely necessary that all office be rented and inquiries concerning loca-
Mr. Otto Sohwarck requested that funds be authorized for his expenses for a The suggestion was made that the Olympic film be obtained. Mr. Warnholtz
The matter of a newspaper was again discussed but no agreement could be
We urgently need newspapers to enlist support for our cause.
MINUTES OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS MEETING OCTOBER
MINUTES Or THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS MEETING SEPTEMBER
*
*
-
IIN
-
AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES
Bulletin
*
TURNERHALLa
EXHIBIT
EXHIBIT'
EXHIBIT
also publish reports concerning the National
7
6
5
CARL EGGERT,
ERNEST
CARL EGGERT,
ERNST
29, 1939.
A.
A.
TEN EICKEN,
, President.
TEN EICKEN,
Go?. Secretary.
Secretary.
Secretary.
30, 1939
AT LINCOLN
President.
5, 1939
President,
rally we need the support of employers who should make it their duty to employ
out that again we are a combat organization which is doing everything possible German-Americans. The work certificate is indispensable. It was then pointed
sent to everyone. The
radio station and also a membership recruiting list will be prepared which will be
to spread the idea of the Einheitsfront. An effort is being made to obtain a
articles in the
with the German Society. introduced, even if only I% be used for this purpose.
extended to wider circles.
the coming election.
societies.
that we may be able to determine which delegates attend meetings. We should
then require that delegates who do not attend be withdrawn by their respective
how to work.
of the Einheitsf rout. The office will write to all firms in order that we may have
positions available. * * *
stated that it would be very difficult since this position requires daily work.
advertise the anti-war meeting which will be held at Soldier's Field on August 4.
It is essential that the meeting be broadcast. Reference thereto should also be
made in the
Mr. Schwarck spoke about the introduction of a "working certificate." Natu-
the last meeting the 5,000 copies of the Einheitsfront article which had been fur-
Eicken can no longer sign cheeks. nished were not distributed. * * * The bank must be informed that Mr. ten
With reference to the working certificates, it may be possible to work together
should be sent to all members in Niles Center towns] ip. It should also be sent
There is considerable excitement in Morton Grove ann the neighborhood. A letter The next task is "to keep America out of War", and that we take our part in We should also raise a relief fund for which it is proposed that a sales tax be
to all persons with German names, wl Hi may be obtrined from the telephone
There must also be a new division of work in order that our influence may be
director, Mr. Beichel promised to obtain a telephone director. *
ever, to broadcast new programs continually when there is nothing really important
to say.
Delegates should always show their invitation cards as identification in order
sion. It is essential that no information be given out concerning any of the affairs
of the organization. * *
The program for 1940 should be announced in order that everyone knows
Finally it
dier's Field on August 4.
upon himself to reflect on this subject.
* * *. Mr. Schwarck pointed out that it
We should also endeavor to procure a radio commentator. Mr. Warnholtz
Mrs. Heidke was requested to inquire of the German Day Committee why
*
It was reported that the members desire more radio talks. It is difficult, how-
Our tactics will be changed and we will no longer discuss minorities and oppres-
Mr. Johnk was commissioned to broadcast the great anti-war meeting at Sol-
We require slogans for recruiting new members. Each member should take it
MINUTES OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS MEETING JULY
*.
MINUTES OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS MEETING, JULY 23, 1940
was
Abendpost
News Letter.
A letter has been received from the Civic League of Niles Center.
again pointed out that all unemployed should at least be members
UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES
Abendpost
even if we must pay for them. * * *
should be supported. We should publish short
EXHIBIT S
EXHIBIT
*.
9
was
important that we widely
--
, della. President.
, Cor. Secretary.
, President.
Cor. Secretary.
3, 1940
91
*.
at was in order and that they will change their name to The Independent tadies. appoint the members himself. The Committee will be called "A Committee
do so. and those copies now on hand should be distributed at the next meeting of
citizenship, Mr. Reichel was named Chairman of the Committee and shall
to Insist and Induce Citizenship".
Auxiliary.
on any matter. Dr. Silge asked how the
Committee should provide for its distribution in the various_ member societies evil. We must explain our position in this sense. The Kelly-Nash machine was then discussed and the opinion expressed that Kaindl, for instance, should
delegates.
be supported since he is the only person with whom negotiations can he conducted
decide that we must oppose a third term and that Willkie is perhaps the lesser
in close contact with it.. Mr. Schwarek _stated that he always attended these
It is very difficult, for Germans to vote for either, but perhaps one is obliged to meetings.
intended to purchase Wicker Park Hall. It might be possible for the G. A. N. A.
would be difficult for us to hold meetings there. to support, this organization. It
every city he bad met many German-Americans who were interested in the
0. A. N. A. Mr. Warnholtz requested their addresses. The German-Austrians
in the newspapers. * * *
mitted to distribute anything regardless of which side he represents.
that no one be permitted to enter with a camera. tisements of any kind. * prevent them from taking pictures. Mr. Langkau shall be instructed to be sure
Mr. Warnholtz, 20 minutes. * main address by Professor Sprengling, 45-50 minutes; the political situation by
opening welcome address in German by Otto Schwarck, treating of book reviews,
work certificates and other material; membership recruiting, Dr. Silge, 10 minutes; this country out of it.
to oppose the Gover»ment. We are only against war and we are fighting
papers. Naturally this was only newspaper propaganda. We are doing nothing
were afraid to advertise through the Einheitstront. . MINUTES OF THE
92
The societies which have not yet paid their 1940 dues shall be requested to
Mr. Johnk reported that it was extremely difficult inasmuch as the business firms
Mr. Schwarck repotted that he had attended the ladies meeting, that everything
A Committee should be appointed to assist persons in acquiring American
A long debate ensued concerning the relative merits of Roosevelt. and Willkie.
The special mass meeting must be especially announced in the The America First Society plans to hold a mass meeting and, we should remain
Mr. Reichel reported on his trip to Pittsburgh, St. Louis and Alabama. In
Should newspaper reporters 'be present, all possible steps should be taken to
No one will be permitted to stand in front of the entrance with signs or adver-
We desire to avoid any complaints and also to be mentioned as little as possible
Mr. Schwarck agreed to arrange for the protection of the hall. No one is per-
The meeting for next Monday was discussed: Opening promptly at 8:15;
* *
There was then a discussion concerning the threat to cancel our citizenship
The radio committee must find ways and means to obtain new advertisements.
MINUTES OF THE BOARD. OF DIRECTORS MEETING SEPTEMBER
* *
UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES
BOARD
*
*-
OF
is,
EXHIBIT 11
DameTons
EXHIBIT
however, in a Polish neighborhood and it
News Letter may
10
MEETING SEPTEMBER
E.
OTTO SCR WARCK,
be distributed. The
HEIDI( Z,
dello. President.
Cop. Se
News Letter.
25, 1940
4, 1940
-
eretary,
to
o keep
t
since it was believed that this matter would adjust itself. The less we become
to the Pastor Hall film and particularly since Professor von Schroetter had always
been presented as the "Voice of Germanism". The suggestion was opposed
involved therein the better.
to taxation. An inquiry in this matter has been forwarded to Washington and
and even if they are tax free, a report must be submitted. Mr. Warnholtz will were found to be in order, but suggestions were made with reference to keeping
we will learn in due course of the results. In any event we have been requested the accounts in the future. Mr. Warnholtz reported on the examination of the
impart this information at the meeting of the delegates. * * * to inform the societies that all secretaries must make Social Security payments
books by the Social Security. The question is whether we are tax free or subject
that we should remain together. We must hold on and cannot be cowards. It new members. Particularly in these difficult times, it is absolutely necessary
members. This must. change since we urgently require more people to recruit
is our legal right to unite; therefore, everyone should make
to recruit new members.
been found to be in order. We require that all new membership books be turned
committee must be appointed today in order to check these books. We no longer in for checking since many irregularities have been discovered. A financial
have our radio programs, but we are urgently in need of funds for the coming
campaign. Funds are now being deposited covering new dues. * * *
the Social Security tax. Each society must submit a report. Societies with
cultural objectives are tax-free but must make a tax statement. Social Security cultural societies are tax-free after submission of their tax statement. Amuse-
ment societies must continue to make Social Security payments if salaries of more than $45 per quarter are paid. We are willing to give full information if payments must be made for the year 1937, 1938, 1939. After June 1, 1940, all
8, 1940, if he wishes to vote. Our announcements concerning the elections will
requested to do
stations every day from twelve to nine p. m. No one should fail to register. ***
be published shortly before the elections occur. The presidential election will
be the most difficult, but we have adopted a resolution committing ourselves to
vote against any candidate who advises lifting the embargo.
Citizenship Committee. He was called to order, since the matter was not under
discussion.
it happened that. Mr. ten Eicken suddenly declared himself one hundered percent
for Roosevelt. He referred to a picture which had appeared in the
On this question a long debate ensued. In reply to the charges against Mr. ten
Mr. Schwarck is of the opinion that some steps should be taken with reference
for the Einheitsfront. Eicken, it was stated that unfortunately he had been indirectly subjected to that they were being somewhat narrow-minded since he was still whole-heartedly
pressure since an effort had been made to close his business. He was of the opinion
should be taken to look after such people. They should perhaps have proceeded he had categorically refused. Delegate Hanert stated that Mr. ten Eieken had
lost, his job through the G. A. N. A. and that no one had assisted him. Steps
more diplomatically.
Mr. Mueller, the Auditor, had attended in order to report on the books. They
* *
Dr. Silge stated that recently very little had been done toward recruiting new
Mr. Johnk stated that the books had been audited and that everything had
Mr. Warnholtz drew attention to the fact that the member societies must pay
Mr. Warnholtz further pointed out that everyone must register before October
Mr. Beierwaltes again pointed out that registration takes place in all fire
Mr. Beierwaltes reported on the nomination of Individual candidates by the
Mr. Beierwaltes demanded an explanation concerning Mr. ten Eicken and how MINUTES OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS MEETING SEPTEMBER 30, 1940
Dr. Silge stated that he had also been requested to support Roosevelt but that
Mr. Woldherr stated that no other course was open to Mr. ten Eicken.
so.
UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES
EXHIBIT
12
it
his duty diligently
,
Car. Secretory,
Doily Times.
93 one hundred members. Mr. Wilms shall make the appointments as far as entire matter should be settled by the end of November. possible when we are certain that the appointees will work. The North Side
contributions since we are not in a position to determine who are citizens, should be possible to accumulate reserves which can be utilized when necessary. called the Axis in America. way properly. First Committee, since this Committee does not appear to be able to get under established to make reports regarding the presentation of films and other matters. each case, it will be necessary to vote on the matter. In the course of time, it Box. A resolution in this sense was adopted. will be divided into wards, but further meetings must eventually be held, The A tvecial drive for extra contributions can then be made. * * * this suggestion. automatically ceasing to be a director. Since Mr. ten Eicken is neither one nor if it had not been done, the entire discussion would have been unnecessary. Naturally any possible cooperation would be desirable. and the opinion expressed that no change should be made at this time. When membership and $1 is quite enough. and the same duties, that no one could arrange a political job for himself without important. and then we will work to strengthen ourselves for the next election. have an emergency fund, we must first have a definition of the emergency. In will be gladly received and possibly each society will be in a position to contribute. the bills are sent out a letter may be included indicating that extra contributions debate the proposal was rejected since we must place the primary emphasis on for the societies or for individual members. There was general agreement with not our business to criticize, "It is just all another game of politics." Mr. Schwenk replied that the organization had nothing to say in the matter. - Mr. a heavy heart and that we had no right to convict him. Delegate Meier com- to create unrest. on this proposal was postponed. Mr. Wilms raised the direct question as to the Langer; No one will go openly with us. That is just right now the trouble. less accusations leveled against the position the G. A. N. A. would take with reference to Mr. ten Eicken. their employment as a result of their connection with the organization. Action Friends, we have to take a lot of things." * * * the other, the directors are not in a position to become involved in the matter in private individual and we have no control over him and can take no steps of any ten Iicken is neither President, Director nor Chairman. He had acted as a no organization had been mentioned. kind against him. Mr. ten Eicken stated that he had named no names and that Side Section to create a fund to support the leaders of the G. A. N. A. who lost plained that the question had been placed before the delegate by the directors; 94
MEETING OF THE DIRECTORS AND THE SECTION COMMITTEES NOVEMBER
The question was raised that all letters should be addressed to the Post Office The South Side was divided into districts and a delegate will be named for each
the present. aim of our Organization "to Keep America out. of War" is very Mr. Warnholtz stated that it would be most difficult. We would then be Mr. Wilms suggested that it was important that a Citizens Committee be The new membership cards mentioned only contributions. Anyone can make The question of an emergency fund was also discussed at length, If we are to
Mrs. Schwarck pointed out that it is absolutely necessary to assist the America Mr. Wilms proposed that we endeavor to collect all dues by April 1, if possible. Mr. Sprmgling suggested that no increase in membership fees be made either The question of membership fees for the member societies was also discussed
At the outset the increase in membership fees was discussed and after a long
Mr. Hanert, said that no one had asked for assistance and it was, therefore, Mr. Schwarck stated that the G. A. N. A. was still true to the same principles Mrs. Richter stated that ad necepaper reports on this subject were more or Mr. Keupper stated that Mr. ten Eicken had certainly taken this course, with
Mr. Wilms stated that a proposal had already been submitted in the South
muen as he had acted as a private individual.
UN
-
AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES
EXHIBIT
G.
A. N. A. and that an effort was being made
13
, Cor. Secretory.
7, 1940
* *
stated that we must again give our attention to the
that we were founded primarily to combat anti-German agitation. It was again
The member societies must be visited and particularly those societies from which
we have obtained individual members. * * *
directed against Germanism in the United St rtes.
not boycotted German goods but on the contrary are constantly importing goods
from Germany. * *
them.
was reached. * * *
order to permit more discussion and to receive suggestions which could then be
present. He stated that these meetings of the delegates had been instituted in
taken up by the directors and worked out. He reported concerning the conven- Mr. Schwarck stated that we are not essentially an organization for politics and
gone off in a satisfactory manner, and that the National Association had been
tion which took place on Saturday and Sunday and stated that everything had founded and must still be worked out in detail. The name of this association is "National Federation of American Citizens of German Descent." The union has now been completed and there are now several thousands more than two
million persons behind us. Mr. Paul Warnholtz had been named temporary
chairman and Mr. Hermann, from Youngstown, temporary secretary.
The battle against anti-German films must be intensified since these films are
Various organizations have joined the Alliance. The Amerman has given the Einheitsfront a very friendly write-up, and we can be avoided, since it was not desired to include the hyphenated German-Americans.
be satisfied with the manner in which things are developing. * * * The Peoples Front has again published hostile articles and we should answer A letter from Montgomery Ward was read in which it was stated that they have
important bearer of the idea of the Einheitsfront and that each one must make it
his task to concern himself with the new ideas which are in the interest of the The matter of establishing our own newspaper was discussed but no decision
Einheitsfront.
German societies are not giving full support. He spoke of the persecutions during waltes made a long speech in which he stated that it was regrettable that the
the last War and the chicanery which would not have been possible if a strong organization had existed. It is, therefore, the duty of each individual member to
recruit new members and more new members. Mr. Beierwaltes expressed his opposition to the designation of German-Americans as Nazis. He suggested that if the newspapers do not stop this demonstrations be made against it.
ing new members. The question of recruiting individual members is most impor-
tant since the German societies are comparatively moribund, and it is necessary should be divided into wards. to enlist the support of German-Americana who belong to no society. Cities
delegates; male and female, had books for new members in their possession, and Mr. ten Eicken opened the meeting at 8:30 and heartily welcomed all those
Mr. Warnholtz stated that the name was rather long but that this could not
Mr. Schwarck took the chair. Mr. Schwarck stated that every delegate was an
The question of recruiting individual members was brought up. Mr. Beier-
*
Mr. Drath proposed that a committee be formed for the sole purpose of recruit-
Mr. Johnk, speaking as chairman of the membership committee, stated that 192
MINUTES OF THE DELEGATES' MEETTNO, OCTOBER MINUTES OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS MEETING, AUGUST
270895-43—Appeudix 7-7
UN-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES
EXHIBIT
TURNERHALLE
EXHIBIT
14
15
-
recruiting of new members.
ERNST
CARL EGGERT,
23, 1939, AT
A.
TEN EICREN,
14, 1939
LINCOLN
Secretary. President.
95
.Warnholtz explained that such collections are now subject to strict regulations. regulations. strict to subject now are collections such that explained .Warnholtz
gations. gations.
important factor. It was also requested that. the letter which appeared last last appeared which letter the that. requested also was It factor. important
action we must await more explicit information on this point. * * * * * * point. this on information explicit more await must we action
orders from no one. one. no from orders
of the Einheitsfront. Einheitsfront. the of
graph regarding representatives "of a foreign nation". Whether a collection for - for collection a Whether nation". foreign a "of representatives regarding graph
the Red Cross falls within this category has not been established. Before taking taking Before established. been not has category this within falls Cross Red the
if possible state on its envelopes and publish announcements that it is a member member a is it that announcements publish and envelopes its on state possible if
He had written to Washington and had received all the rules which contain a para- a contain which rules the all received had and Washington to written had He
mails being held up. Unfortunately we are powerless since England will accept. accept. will England since powerless are we Unfortunately up. held being mails
Friday in the the in Friday
only weapon we have. He could only give the assurance that whoever attacks us us attacks whoever that assurance the give only could He have. we weapon only
free announcements in their programs which will be of assistance and will also also will and assistance of be will which programs their in announcements free
help the Einheitsfront in recruiting members. Each member society should also also should society member Each members. recruiting in Einheitsfront the help
will be fought., and if it is a question of our own newspaper it is necessary for us to to us for necessary is it newspaper own our of question a is it if and fought., be will shout under great headlines that we are for Hitler and others. We wish to avoid avoid to wish We others. and Hitler for are we that headlines great under shout
being our own house in order before we undertake the battle. battle. the undertake we before order in house own our being
that we will no longer subscribe to them. Cancellation of subscriptions is the the is subscriptions of Cancellation them. to subscribe longer no will we that
this and the only weapon we have is for us to explain openly to these newspapers newspapers these to openly explain to us for is have we weapon only the and this
press which is only waiting for us to stage a demonstration whereupon they will will they whereupon demonstration a stage to us for waiting only is which press
other gentleman must be prepared to cooperate and assist. * * * * * * assist. and cooperate to prepared be must gentleman other
he had not known that his own name would not be given. The so-called monthly monthly so-called The given. be not would name own his that known not had he
satisfactory since by the time the papers are received the news contained in them them in contained news the received are papers the time the by since satisfactory
Bulletin Bulletin
is already old. old. already is
of the secretary, Mr. Sieben. He He Sieben. Mr. secretary, the of with the the with
name of Mr. Sieben and he protested vigorously against this. He is willing to do do to willing is He this. against vigorously protested he and Sieben Mr. of name
mation sheet. He had learned, however, that it would be published under the the under published be would it that however, learned, had He sheet. mation
the work but only under his own name. He is not willing to do it under the name name the under it do to willing not is He name. own his under only but work the
one of recognition of one's obligation to Germanism. Germanism. to obligation one's of recognition of one
the $1.00 membership dues, but in most cases it is not a question of funds but but funds of question a not is it cases most in but dues, membership $1.00 the
manism. Dr. Silge agreed to establish contact with these organizations. organizations. these with contact establish to agreed Silge Dr. manism.
were not yet convinced that it was necessary to associate themselves with Ger- with themselves associate to necessary was it that convinced yet not were
even if only a small one, since all direct contact is lacking. Since the question of of question the Since lacking. is contact direct all since one, small a only if even
tion. * * * Mr. Wilms pointed out that the question of delegates for the the for delegates of question the that out pointed Wilms Mr. * * * tion.
individual members should also be worked out so that these members would would members these that so out worked be also should members individual
be represented. We also need the press for recruiting members. * * * * * * members. recruiting for press the need also We represented. be
individual memberships was under discussion, the consideration of this point was was point this of consideration the discussion, under was memberships individual
and everyone must assist. assist. must everyone and
also take upon himself to constantly recruit new members. The need is great great is need The members. new recruit constantly to himself upon take also
the delegates of the individual societies would really give the matter their atten- their matter the give really would societies individual the of delegates the
deferred. deferred.
importance, and re-emphasize the importance, of the Einheitsfront, and that he he that and Einheitsfront, the of importance, the re-emphasize and importance,
Einheitsfront to take it upon himself in his particular society to emphasize the the emphasize to society particular his in himself upon it take to Einheitsfront
work out plans whereby the dues payable may be collected. This question is is question This collected. be may payable dues the whereby plans out work
on our fight. Each delegate should feel obliged to work for the Einheitsfront. Einheitsfront. the for work to obliged feel should delegate Each fight. our on
individual members, and it is the dues of such members that enable us to carry carry to us enable that members such of dues the is it and members, individual
The question was raised whether we could not do something to prevent American American prevent to something do not could we whether raised was question The
very important and it is impossible that all the work be done by the Committee. Committee. the by done be work the all that impossible is it and important very
actually are committee members. The strength of the Einheitsfront Einheitsfront the of strength The members. committee are actually
Mr. Wegner urged that we become active in our churches which are a very very a are which churches our in active become we that urged Wegner Mr.
that he considers all of them members of his committee and not merely those who who those merely not and committee his of members them of all considers he that
Mr. Moeck raised the question of collections for the German Red Cross. Mr. Mr. Cross. Red German the for collections of question the raised Moeck Mr.
96 96
Mr. Wilms suggested that the societies constituting the Einheitsfront include include Einheitsfront the constituting societies the that suggested Wilms Mr.
Mr. Sele.varek stated that there is little we can really do against the English English the against do really can we little is there that stated Sele.varek Mr.
Mr. ten Eicken replied requesting that no accusations be made and stated that that stated and made be accusations no that requesting replied Eicken ten Mr.
Mr. Kraenzle stated that he bad been requested to publish the monthly infor- monthly the publish to requested been bad he that stated Kraenzle Mr.
The question of the press was then considered. considered. then was press the of question The
There was a long discussion on how difficult it was for many members to pay pay to members many for was it difficult how on discussion long a was There
A delegate then submitted a report concerning the Germans of the Volga who who Volga the of Germans the concerning report a submitted then delegate A
Herr Beierwaltes said that we need a daily newspaper to be sent to each member, member, each to sent be to newspaper daily a need we that said Beierwaltes Herr
Herr Kraenzle suggested that each delegate be appointed a representative of the the of representative a appointed be delegate each that suggested Kraenzle Herr
Herr Wilms suggested that a committee be named to assist Herr Johnk and and Johnk Herr assist to named be committee a that suggested Wilms Herr
* * Herr Conrad Wold stated that more members could he recruited if if recruited he could members more that stated Wold Conrad Herr * *
must, however, be published under the name of the secretary and the the and secretary the of name the under published be however, must,
Abend post, post, Abend
Abendpost Abendpost
IN
and that the attempt to use the Winona newspapers was not not was newspapers Winona the use to attempt the that and
-
-AMERICAN PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES PROPAGANDA -AMERICAN
be translated into English and sent to all German congre- German all to sent and English into translated be
also also
pointed out that it is our duty to work work to duty our is it that out pointed
lies lies
in the the in
also also
there is no objection to the activities of the Einheitsfront. Einheitsfront. the of activities the to objection no is there
he could obtain from us. us. from obtain could he
composed in an attempt to enlist new members. It should be sent to individual individual to sent be should It members. new enlist to attempt an in composed
If we are able to submit such evidence we will certainly obtain enough publicity. publicity. enough obtain certainly will we evidence such submit to able are we If
mit proof that German-Americans were being dismissed from their employment. employment. their from dismissed being were German-Americans that proof mit
Mr. Warnholtz added that Mr. Dies was only interested in such information as as information such in interested only was Dies Mr. that added Warnholtz Mr.
members as a chain letter and then sent on in an attempt to recruit members. members. recruit to attempt an in on sent then and letter chain a as members
it is a difficult task we must employ employ must we task difficult a is it
we could not trust the Dies Committee. We must have the Correct answers answers Correct the have must We Committee. Dies the trust not could we
questions, stating that as yet we could not depend upon the press and likewise likewise and press the upon depend not could we yet as that stating questions,
ready since it it since ready
churches we have won the battle. * * * Mr. Warnholtz replied replied Warnholtz Mr. * * * battle. the won have we churches
to testify. * * * * * * testify. to
also discussed at length. length. at discussed also
More German should be spoken at the meetings. The question of a radio was was radio a of question The meetings. the at spoken be should German More
We should also be in a position to obtain a report from Mr. Dies indicating that that indicating Dies Mr. from report a obtain to position a in be also should We
Dr..Silge answered that this was probably impossible but that we should sub- should we that but impossible probably was this that answered Dr..Silge
Mr. Wolf made the further suggestion that a letter in German and English be be English and German in letter a that suggestion further the made Wolf Mr.
Mr. Kraenzle again emphasized that we should interest the churches; even if if even churches; the interest should we that emphasized again Kraenzle Mr.
It It
was was
MINtTES OT THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS MEETING MAY 7, 1940 1940 7, MAY MEETING DIRECTORS OF BOARD THE OT MINtTES
decided to conduct a campaign for radio programs through gifts, etc. etc. gifts, through programs radio for campaign a conduct to decided
is is
unheard of that we, as American citizens, should be summoned summoned be should citizens, American as we, that of unheard
UN
-
AMERICAN AMERICAN
PROPAGANDA ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES PROPAGANDA
EXHIBIT EXHIBIT
all all
available means. If we can win over the the over win can we If means. available
18 18
, ,
Cor. Secretary. Secretary. Cor.
President. President.
to to
some some 97 97
CHEMICAL MARKETING COMPANY INDEX The Chemical Marketing Co. affords an example of Nazi penetra- tion of business institutions and the Nazi use of these institutions for Puke 63, 70 propaganda and political purposes. A. V. Development Corporation 63, 70 In pursuing its investigation of Transocean News Service, the A. V. Publishing Corporation 91, 96 American Fellowship Forum, the German Library of Information, and Abenclpost 67 the German Railroads Information Office, this committee gathered Ach, Karl 75 Ackermann, Frieda 25, 75ff considerable evidence which pointed to Ferdinand A. Kertess as one Ackermann, Hans 37 of the active pro-Nazi propagandists possessing more or less impor- Action 67 tant business connections, IKertess was president of the Chemical Adrian, Else 361, 60 Marketing_ Co. (For an account of the American Fellowship Forum Allen, H enry 8, 13 in which Kertess was active, see that section of this report.) Alice, Anna Elisabeth 20 Mies, Marie 72 Alliance of German Nationals 13 THE COM1VIITER1 S INVESTIGATION Allied Intrigue in the Low Countries 95 The American 18, 261f, 291, 40, 98 In October 1940, this committee subpenaed the files of the Chemical American Fellowship Forum 82 Marketing Co. America First 84, 94 America First Committee 84, 92 After the translation and study of the company's files, the com- America First Society 28 mittee published a report on Kertess' activities. This report was American Group for Trade With Germany, Inc 57 published in November 1940 and mazy be found on pages 1092 to 1113 to American Observer 54f American Views 561 and 1341 to 1382 of appendix, part II, entitled "A Preliminary Digest Amerika Deutsche Post 59, 63 and Report on the Un-American Activities of Various Nazi Organiza- Amerikadeutscher Volksbund 28 tions and Individuals * * *" etc. Amerika-I ustitut 67 Andling, Paul 12 NAZI PLANS FOR AN ECONOMIC SET—UP IN AMERICA AFTER THE WAR Androsch, Miss H, 6 Arnecke, Else Hanna Dora 26f, 39, 40 Auhagen, Friedrich H 67 Among Kertess's papers which the committee found at the Chemical Bachman, Karl 7, 45 Marketing Co. were two lengthy manuscripts of unusual interest. Baer, Emil Leo 6 The first of these rnanuscrupts bore the. caption "The Organization of Bahnemvin, Ilse 73 German Industry in America After the War" (Die Organization Der Bamberg, Hugo 30 Bareiss,-Emma 60 Deutschen Wirtschaft in Amerika nach dem Krieg). The other Barker, Robert B.. 26, 28 manuscript bore the caption "The Founding of a German Banking Bauer, George F 8 Institute in New York After the War" (Gruendung Eines Deutschen Bauer, Josef Frans 67 Bank-Institutes in New York nach dem Krieg). Bauer, William P 8 Baumann, Paul_ Both of the foregoing manuscripts indicated the existence of far- Baur, Paul Sebastian 77 reaching Nazi plans for economic penetration of the United States Becker, Henry 93, 95f after the conclusion of the present war. Beierwaltes_ 60 98 Bail, Bertha Helene Bell, Arthur H 50 Bell, Laird 10ff, 40 Beller, Heins 45 Beobachter 13 Berger, Miss 38 Bergmeister 28 Bertling, K. 0 56 Beseler. 51 Benter, Gabriels 6 Beye, Ss.nta Greta 8 Beyer, Kurt. Karl 6 Biebers 99 100 INDEX DZDEX Pegg Page 6 Biedi, Frans -Denielsson, Edith 28 Bide, N 67 67 Dennis, Lawrence 7, 44f Bissel, Leslie 48 Denzer, Otto 45 Blake, Tiffeny 46 Denser, Mrs. Otto --- 511 Bode, Charlotte Der Balkan Amerikae 16 20 Roden, Johann - 8 "Der Deutsche Automobil Club" 51 Boening, William 67 Der Pacifik—der Ozean der Entscheiclungen 67 Bohle, Ernst Wilhelm 80 22 Detieff, John Bohm, Hermann Richard 6 Deutsch-Amerikanisehe Einheitsfrant 52 65, 70 Bohme, Kurt Friedrich Wilhelm_ 6, 8 Deutsche Zeitung Bojes, Frank Deutscher Konsum Verband 22, 57, 60, 63f, 68f 67 _r Bokit, Gerhard Hermann Fritz --- 8 Deutscher Weckruf and Beobachte 8 Borchers, Hans {Johannes) 7 Deutscher Nachriehtenbuero 50 57 Borchers, Walter 67 de Wilde, John C Bordsorf, Otto Richard 8 Dickey, Carl C 98 Bottler, Richard Die Organization Der Deutsehen Wirtschaft in Amerika nach dein Krieg_ _ 67 6 7 Brand, Gustave A 46 Diebel, Hans Brauns, Georg 67 Diel, Herbert Eugen 67 Brenner, Marlene Dinkelacker, Mrs. Erna 67 , 6 13 Briest, Eckart.. 7 Dinkelacker, Theodor British Union 37 Disse, K_.. 67 Brown, E. 1, 7, L 50 Dittrich, Diego 3, 7, 21, 27, 71 Brown, Mrs. E. V. L 50 Draeger, Frieclhelm Bruackner, Emil 74 Draegert, Harriet Elisabeth 95 Buehler, Miss R. E 12 8 7 Budelmann, John 67 DDrilliectll isler, Paula Maria Buenger, T. A 46 Duehrssen, Werner Rudolf 67 Bulletin Duell, Elizabeth 48 90, 96 4R Bumiller, Otto 30 du Pont-Ritoff _ _ _ Bpnd der Freunde des Neuen Deutschland 71 du Pont-Ruoff, Mrs 45f "Blind Deutsche]. Mader {League of German Girls) Dyckerhoff, A. 11 _ 54f- 16 37 Bucolic, Liese 8 Economics Buena, Bruno Edmondson, Robert E_ 90, 95 13 7 Camp Nordiand_ 70 Eggert, Carl_ _ Camp Siegfried__ 70 Eggert, Robert Ernst Carey, Christel 6, 8 Ehling, Walter Carl 7 Chemical Marketing Co 28, 98 Eickholt, Werner Leo 67 Chicago Council of Foreign Relations 44, 46 Eigenberger, Frederick 79, 91ff, 951f Chicago National Congress 13 I 24 Einheitsfront of German short-wave broadcasts Christier, Gertraude Erika Electrical transcriptions 56ff 8 8 Church and State 57 Emerson, Edwin Ch v alkowsky 7 33 Engel-Emden, Wilhelm Jacob Citizens Committee 94 Entrap, Johann Diedrich 13 Citizens by the Constitution 85 ;firsrs__ S Civic League of Niles Center___ Essig, Elisabeth Maria 8 91 7 Claasen, Bernard 67 Etzel. Maria Susanne Clement, Bertie Fabian, Oskar Hans Georg 13 30 57 A Committee to Insist and Induce Citizenship 92 Facts and figures about Germany 11, 13, 40, "Comradeship U. S. A2' of the V. D. A Facts in Review 67 221 67 Concordia Male Chorus 65 Faigle, Gotthief Conklin, William R Faller, :dm_ Anna 8 51 Constitution of German-American National Alliance Fastenrath, Elsa Margarethe 50 85 32 Cooper, Ferdinand___ 29 Federal Policy Association Coughlin, Charles E 32 28, 371, 82 31f, 35 Council on Foreign Relations 50 FFiiecteibite-Association Crone,. Friedel Gerund Fichte-Blind 12 6 7 CYleT, Leo 137 Fiebig, P Davis, Mary Nair Firchow, Paul Karl August. 8 20 12 Davis, Tom 20 Fischer. A.nneliese. _ Dearborn Crusaders Fischer, R 67 80 67 Deatherage, George 32, 36, 80, 82 Flick, Karl._ - de Barde, Marianne Foch, Matthisa 20 6 67 Defender 37 Foerster, Rudi Folger, Duncan
103 - 102 MIDEX INDEX Page P age 37 Forbes, Richard T 31f, 60 Goerner, Ernest 68 Foreign News 54f Goetz, Susie 26 Foreign Organization of the N. S. D. A. P 3 Goetz, Walter 38 Foreign Policy Association 27, 49, 52 Good, 0. B 51 The founding of a German banking institute in New York after the war__ 98 Good VI ill Counsellors, Inc_ 26 Freese, Henry S Gottheld, Ina A. 83, 89 Freitag, Martha S Grace 60 Freriehs, Margot Magda Emmy S Graebner, Theodore 12 Frerichs, Wilhelm S Graff, W. A 8 Freytag, Heinrich 7 Grah, Max 7 Fricke, Otto 30 Gramms, Willy Paul Martin 7f Friebel, Wilhelm Heinrich_ . 8 Gratirwohl, Helmut Wilhelm 68 Friedrich, Caspar David 13 Greis, H 20 Friedrich, P 77 Grone, Fred __ 57 Friends of Germany 57f GruendungGross, Francis__ Eines _ _.. Deutschen Bank Institutes in New York nach. dem Friends of New Germany 31, 37, 52, 68, 61ff, 64f, 711 98 Frischkorn, Paul 67 Krieg 20 Fritz, William'Jacob 67 Guenther, Ernst 8 Fritzschhing, Kurt Guido __ 7 GGull!, Erna Frida 57 Fritzsehing, Marie Mercedes 7 Gulden, Royal Scott 8 Froboese, George 67 Gyssling, Georg_ _ Fuchs, Anton 67 Haardt, Ernst 2Z 687 7 Funk 15 Haas, Hugo___ 8 Funk, Rudolf 33 67 Haase, Hedwig 7 G. A. N, A 92ff Hacha Gaenger, Peter Haehn, Heinz 68 68 68 Gaensgen, Wilhelm Ferdinand S Haertel, Mrs. Elli Gaffney, T. St.. John Ilagebusch, Ereka_ 25 57 8 Gauerke, Gustav 8 Hamburg Steamship Lines Gavin, Frank Hammann, Heinrich 93f 60 57 Geier, Hans Joachim 8, 21 Hanert Geiger, Erwin Otto _ Hansen, Ferdinand_ 68 7f 68 Gemming, Ernst Hermann 8 Hartman, Alexander H Geo-Political Association 51 51 Hauck, H 20 German-American Bund 1 Haushofer, Earl 48 22f, 25, 31f, 37, 42f, 45ff, 48ff, 52, 50ff, 62ff, 650, 68ff, 71ff, 79f, 85 Hawk, William 48 German-American Bund Auxiliary 70 Haynes German-American Business League rs . 63, 65, 70 Haynes, Mm 8 3l, 76892811 German American National Alliance 79f, 82, 84ff, SW Hayser, Elizabeth_ , German-American Settlement League 70 H eberling, Fritz__ _ _ . German-American Volksbund Heerling, Ffellmut Fritz Otto 24 92 German-Austrians 92 Heidke, Mrs German Ruud 68 59, 721 Heidke, E_ - 68 German Christmas carols and Christmas toys 13 Heimsoth, Henri ---- German Citizens' League 30 72f Hein, Gottlieb 8 German Club Heineker, F. W. G 85 12 German Day Committee 91 Heinemann, Heinrich_- 68 German forests, treasures of a nation 13 fidinetnann, W 68 German League for Physical Exercises 16 Heise, Anna 68 German Library of Information 2, 10f, 13, 21, 39ff, 98 Heise, Kurt 61 German Propaganda Bureau 56 Heller, William 7, 21 German Railroads Information Office 14f, 17f, 25, 28, 98 Hentschel. Walter- 95 German Railway and Tourists Agencies Hepp, Ernst Adolf 2 34, 61, 711, 7685 German Red Cross 96 Hermann German Society 91 Hess, Rudolf 8 German Suggests au American Dictator Hesse, Karl 51 8 German Tourist Information Office 57 Rinsch, Kurt Johann Hirschfeld, Hans-Richard Ernst 25 German Tmnsobean Service 24 16 German University League, Inc_ _ 28 Hirt__ - _ 34 German White Book "Hitler Jugend" (Hitler Youth) 13 47 Germans of the Volga 84, 96 Hoare ------. 68 "Germany Calling" 13 Hockfelder, Julius 7 Gingrich, Arnold Hermann J 60 Hoeich,fl 8 GiSsibl, Fritz Hoff, Emil August Conrad 221, 52, 61f, 65, 68 Friedrich Wilhelm 60 Gissibl, Peter 59ff, 65, 68 Hoff, Georg 54f Gloeckler, Hedwig 68 Hoffman, Bernhard Goebbels, Josef 15 Hoffman. H. R ------___. _ Goeppel, Allen 68
104 rNDEx INDEX 105 Page Page 32, 37, 43, 46f, 49. 52, 57, 591, 62ff, 67f, 70 Hoffmeister, William Kuhn, Fritz Hofmann, Killian 20 62 7 Kuhn, 11,1a.,), - 68 Hohnor, Otto Horst Wessel 60 Kullman, Paul 68 Kump, Fred Hudemann, BM Ernst 76 68 8 Kunze, Mrs. A 24, 32. 60, 62, 641, 68 Hummelbrunner, Anna Louise 8 Kunze, G. Wilhelm 1. 25, 74f1, 771 Hunch, Joseph Kyffhauserbund 24 Hutten, 20 68 "Kyffhauserbund of German 'War Veterans' Societies" _. 68 Titian, Lilly 8 Loge, Henry. 25 Inist, Paul Lange, Richard 94 Janke, Anneliese 30 8 Langer 92 Janssen, Otto Gerard 7 Langkau 0 Joesten, George Zg Lankenati, Hermann 68 Jobannsen, Heinz Albrecht 8 Lattemann, W 8 Johnk Lautenschlager, Heinz 74 Johnson, Philip 91ff, 95f 28 League of German War Veterans 68 Kaeusler, Walter Lechner, H.. , 20 Kaindl 74 92 Leher, Ludwig 20 Kampinann, Edwin A Lehwald, Sin 68 Kapp, Karl 20 8, 21 Leibiger, Gustav 7 Kappe, Walter Lendle, Carl Anton 7, 1 3 Kasiske, J. J 22f, 62, 68 25 Lenz. Otto Robert Christian 7 Kaspar, Hildegard Lenzner, Wilhelm H 25 Heeling, W. A 20 76 "Leselust" 9 Keep America Out of War Committee 82, 94 Lhorengel, Rudolf Fritz 24 Keep U. S. Out of War Library of Information 68 Keil, Alfred Morita 83, 891 7 Liebler, Fred 68 Kellermeier, Fritz Heinrich 8, 21 Liedertafel, P. Kohl 49 Kempin, Margarethe Helene 9 Liepmann, Heins 831, 90, 95 Keppler, Reinhold Friedrich 7 Lincoln Turnerhalle 20 Kertes.s, Ferdinand A Lingelbach, Margarethe 8 Kesseler, Peter 26, 28, 98 J 28 Lippert., Bernhard Gustav 7 Kessels, Hubert Christian Lochmann, Erich Bruno 9 9 Kessemeier, Theodor 31, 35 Loeffke, Louise Johanna Alberta 9 Kessler, Martin Loeper, Hermann 9 Ketipper 68 82 94 Loerky, Karl Klapproth, Johannes Logan $9 36f 7 Klapprott, Augtist 60, 65f, 68 Logan, Marvel M Klapprott, Mrs. August Ludwig, Johann Friedrich 9 68 Kleffner, Rudolf Hermann 9 Lueders, Alfred Wilhelm Julius 8 Kleindienst, Alfons Georg 7, 9 Liedtke, Willy 8, 621 Xleinholz, Georg Lurtz, Siegmar Siegfried 68 Kluge, Isabel Julia 7 9 Lutz, John Knights of the White Camellia IVI ackensen - 795 , 82, 8556 Knorr, Richard 32, 36 21 77 Maertz, Herman Homer Gustus Koch, Claire (Klara) Marie 7, 9 Maisel 12 Koch, Richard 26, 28, 30 Maisch, Erwin Theodor Koch, Tilly 30 68 Malewsld, J --- 1Coechliii, Erich Karl Mangold, 11. 9 9 51 Koehler, Konrad 68 Manner, Wolfgang Otto Prank° Koerner, Miss Marcus, J. Anthony_ __ 68 13 38 Koesting, Karl 9 Markmann, Rudolf Koetter, Herman 20 75,77 Markoff, Y 68 Kohl, Edmund F_ 28, 40 Marotta, Rose Kohler, Matthias Martin, Rudolph 68 68 9 Kordei, Theft Adelgunde 9 Martin, Theo Kosehutzky, Therese Matthias, Ernst 6 Kota, Ernst 7 20 20 .MMatthias, Hubert Kraenzle Matthiesen, Niels 20 96f 4 Krahforst, Ludwig R 45 McCullough, Arthur F Krause-Wichmann, Georg Fedor 921 8,21 Meier 15, 16 Kriegerbund 74 Meier, Miss M Kropp, C. Mein Kanapf 80 12 57 Kuehn, E. F 68 Meissner, B. F Iitiehnerich, Miss Ch 60 12 Mensing 60 Kuhlmann, Frieda Anna 9 Metcalfe, James J_ ._. Metcalfe, John C
107 INDEX 106 WDEX 25P,a5g7 Pare Oregll, Carl Guenther____ ----- ... ------ 98 Mettin, Richard 68 The Organization of German Industry in America After the War 13 Meyer, Elizabeth 1,.4fargarethe 9 Oswald, Mrs ------ 69 Meyer, Ernest Wilhelm 50, 52 Othmer, NS'aldemar ------ 12 Meyer, Hans 68 9 Meyer, Hennette Therese Ingeborg Ott, F ------48f 9 Otto, Julius Leopold_ Meyer, Lieselotte 69 Padover, S. E ------..„ - Miceud, Charles_ 30 Pechelsheirn, Karl Edgar------Spiegel von mid au 32, 36f, 57, 80, 82 Michel, Johannes 12 7 Pelley, William Dudley --- - Mieki11/1, Miss E 12 95 Penzler, 0 22 Miller, Edmund E 48 The Peoples Front_-- Miller, Mrs. Edmund E 48 People's League for Germandom Abroad Moeck_ 96 Moerschner, Ingeborg 9 Periodicals 46,all Plaits,. Oscar C__ ------. 50 Monohan, Roy P 60 Phenuster, Dallas B- Morton Grove 91 7 Pliemister, Mrs. Dallas B 13 Mottet, IC 12 Philipp, August, Dieter Muehlke, Frank_ 69 Pictorial report. of Polish atrocities 45 45 Mueller 93 Plate, Ludwig ------ Mueller, Albert 60 62 Mueller, Ernst Plate, Mrs. Ludwig 13 69 Poehner Mueller, Franz Ferdinand Erich 7 Polish acts of atrocity against the German minority in Poland 69 Mueller, K 12 9 Pohlmann, Mrs. M 20 Mueller, Nicholas 78 Polstorff, Karl ------.. Muenz, H 12 Posselt, Era Muller, Friedrich Erich 9 Posselt, Erich__ ------ ._ 0 Muller, Gustav Albert 8 Prinz, A.nneliese ------ ------.. ------_ Munk, George 69 Prior, Annette Luise ------ Nadler, Ell s' 69 Pro -Nazi League of Former German Students League_ ------69 A Nation Builds 13 Prospective Citizens' ----- .._ . The National American Patriot ______. ______32 ebeiTiiHsi_m__o_n______----- National Federation of American Citizens of German Descent 79f, 95 Ppitiirsw ------III ;280707 National German-American service 25 Quisenberry, Arthur ------_ ------_ National Socialist German Labor Party 61, 71 7 Rabe, Flans_ ------., ------9 National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP) 10f Raelinger, Heinrich ------ ------ "National Socialist Kultur Gerneinde" Gotthard Walter ------ ------ 7 18 Raehmel, 9 National Socialist Party 16,82 Itaeuber, Helmut Hugo Priederich ------ National•Socialiats 7 4f Rasmus, Bethold Adolf.. ------ 33 "National-sozialistisehes liraftahrer Corps" (NSKK) 16 Rathje, Otto Johannes Christian__ __ ------ 9 Nazi Socialist Party a Ravage, Eli ------ Ness, . _.. _ 69 Neil Howard' 60 Raven. Hans-Winfried_ _ ----- 69 Nester, Berman 78f Reese, Edward ----- _ ------12 "Neue Fiebel" 25 Rehfeldt, Anna------. ------ .,_-_-_-_-_—_------—------_ . .._._ Nenhauser, G. F 31 Rehm, J.__ -- . 911 Neumann, Ernst Emil Ivan Fritz ___ S Reibau, Karl Heinrich ------ 69 News From Germany 54f Reichel ------_ --- ------ ------69 News Letter_ , 83, 911 Reisberger, George____-____ ---- 79 -- . ------ 6 Nicolay, Carl _ 09 Rheinberg, Ulrich-_------6A Nicolay, Franz 60 ,. ------_____ Riedel, Peter__.____------ . _ 60 N'ielebock, Helene_ 7 Rieper, Jacob ------.. --- _ _ ------ . 20 Nieinooller, Pastor 4 ------ _ _..__ — ------. _ .. _ _ Ries, Herman A_ ----- __ _ 59 Nitze, William H 46,50 Riker, Edwin S ------ ------77 Nitre, Mrs. William H. _. 50 Risse, Arno------ ------ A Nuebeck, Hans 69 __ Ritz,en, John._.. ------ ------ 13 Odie, Kart Walter Roessler, 3..Sarie-Louise_ ------13 Rohrer, H__------ O'Donohne, Joseph J 57 ------69 Oehlmann, Gertrud Else 7 , A__ _ ------ ---- . ------__ ------ 9 Oehrinann, Hans RomaniRorape, Hans_ __ _ _ ------ 4 Opderbeck, Eva Schorsch 9 Rorig, Anita Dora ------ ------.._ 6 Order of '76 ------ 57 Rosenberg Oregl, 69 Rosenberg,Ross, Colin Karl__ ------. _ ------42ff, 45ff, 48ff,45, 48, 51ff 50 ------ - ---- 43f Colin------ __ . _ 9 Ross, Mrs, Renate ------. _ ------ 69 Rubarth, lielmut ------_ ------I3,uhnke, William ------
E X 109 108 IKDErX Page Page 32, 36f, 57 Russell, William R 20 Silver Shirts 32 RussoId, Franz Sloane, Anna Bogenhoim. 32 Sachs, Frieda Corinne Pauline 9 9 Smythe, Edward James 2s, 37 Sapling, Werner Social Justice 12 Schadt, Georg Johann 69 62 9 Sommer, R. M Schafer, Friederich Wilhelm Spanknoebel, Heinz 21 SChathausen, Heinrich 9 92 8. 13 Spiegelma.n __ Schaller, George L Sprengling 48 Schaphorat, Henry 46 44, 46, 48, 50 69 Sprengling, Kurt __ Sehattat, Fred Sprengling, Martin-_ 94 Schellenberg, Elizabeth Liesel 69 74 9 Springling Schellenberg, Walter H Stahlhelm 37 Schepelmanu, Charlotte Marie Helene 9 24 7 Staub, Estell Scheurer, Hans Steuben Society of America 30 Schickenger, Hendley 69 48 73 Stiefel, Otto_ Schimanski, Alice Stoehr, Mrs. L 69 Schinkel, Carl 20 16 9 Stoll, Paul Schirmer, .. Storm Troopers 45 Schlich 36, 38 45 21 Strack, Hans Schlich, Ludwig Strack, Mrs. Hans 46 Schlinker, Joachim Nicht)taus 9 69 9 Straub, Walter S Sehmalenbach, Carl Willibrod Sturn, Erna 7 Schmaus, Johann 7 60 ... 9 Sweede, Ingeborg Schmid, Karl Sweeney, John M 50 9 46, 50 Schmidt, Dorothea Louise Marie 9 Swift, Charles H _ Schmidt, Peter Hubert H. 6 9 Swift, Mrs. Charles m Schmidt-Iforix, Hans D Tannenberg, 79, 83, 89ff, 93ff, 96 Schmitz, Ernst 6 Ten Sicken, Ernest A 61, 68 14 65 Schmitz, Matthias 10, 12 Teutonia _____ Schneider, Alois_ 22, 65 9 Tentonia Publishing Co_ Schnoes, E___ Teutonia Society 75ff 69 2, 6, 28,1 Selinuch, Hubert 61 Texas Herold Scholvin, Ernst Adalbert 7 Thomsen, Herr Hans 7 Scholz, Herbert Wilhelm Thorner, Heinz K _ _ 8, 21 Thurau, Maria Albertine 33 Schorsch, Alfred Fritz 9 15 Schrader, Erna Martha 9 Tito 2811, 40 Schrader, Frederick Franklin Titayna, Madame Schreiber, John H 57, 69 .,,..„ 69 69 Today's Challenge 191, 58 Schrick, Michael Toener,Rudolf _ 69 2f, 14, 19ff, 2611,- 39, 5$, 93 Scheeler, H 2 Tonn, Guenther_ _ 9 &buttes, Karl Transocean News Service 74 69 Schulz, Franz Frederich Wilhelm 7 Trauer, Bernard 79 Schulz, LeRoy Ullrich, Reinhart 80 511 Schulze, Franz Max 9 United Front_ _ _ 44ff Schumacher, Karl Unser Amerika ____ 74 M------ 22, 24f Schuster, Miss E 12 Utley,V. D. A.Clifton (Volksbund Fuer das Deutschtum im Ausland0_... SI Schuster, Josef 69 ---- 69 Schuster, Sepp 23 Veer 69 Schwarck, Mrs Vandenberg, Frederick 94 den Bergh, Bertha 69 Schwarck, Otto 79, 831, 90ff, 93ff, 96 Van 9 Schwarzmann, Vandenbergh, Frank H 69 7 Schweikle, Albert Christian van Kellenbach, Max _ _ , __ . 7 22 Schwinn, Hermann van Megan, Frieda_ 34 69 The second hunger blockade 13 Vennekohl, N 13, 28, 39ff, 57 Seegers, Henry Vansittarid .. 11, 69 99 Seger, Gerhart H Viereck, George Sylvester ------9 49, 00 Voch, Matthias ------ Seidel, Erich 69 93 Seld te, Franz Vogel, Hans_ 9 74 Voice of Germanism Sennlienn, Hans Karl Heinz 7 56 Sherman, John Harvey von Alpen, F'ritz Franz ----- 7 _ ___ Sieben 96 Von Be --- 6 Sieben, Richard E von Blanekenlaagen, Eberhard Johann Feinrich 89 77 Siegehristr, Charles Dale, Jr von Beetticher. Friedrich 20, 26fF Von Bose, Helmuth Siemers, Bruno Albert 9 Heinrich W. G. 3.4. Freiherr Bilge, Mrs 90 von Botlimer, Siige, William H 79, 84, 92f, 961 Silver Legion 57 INDEX rage 110 INDEX 37f Winrod, Gerald B._ ------L. ------ 69 rage ______. --- 6 Wintersebeicit, Clara ------ Von Der Goltz, George 77 96 von Eckardt, H Witthoeft-Emden, Robert 97 20 ___------ -von Gienanth, Ulrich Freiherr 6 Wold, Conrad 7 von Heyden, Wilhelm Guenther Wolf 69 6 'Wolff, Wilhelm Ernst Oswald Von Holt, Henry 69 --- -- . ---- 57 von Johnson, Mrs 48 Wolter, A. H-_- 25 - von Knopp, Theodor Wood, 'Junius B .. 36ff 6 World Guardian of Germans____------ von Likens 48 ------69 von Likens, Mrs World Service ------60 48 _ Von Nasse, Eberhard 69 Wuest, ICarl 3, 14, 19ff, 26ff, 39, 589. -von Roth, Ernst Ostermann Young,. A. "M 6 g e, 'Manfred_ von Spiegel, E. Freiherr_ 3f, 21, 76 ap 7 von Strempel, Heribert Zeglin, Fritz Ferdinand 69 6, 21 Zeisler, Christine Vooros, Helen 60 12 Weagen, Ludwig Zimmer, Albert 69 48 Zimmer, F Waagen, Mrs. Ludwig 48 ' 8 Wagener, Christel Zimmerman, Hans 9 Zingelmann, Walter Herinann Wagner, Anton 9 Wagner, Carl 69 Wagner, Fritz 7- c Wagner. Henry 69 The War in Maps I3 Waring, Arthur Fleming 57 ' Warnholtz, Paul A 79f, 82f, 85, 89ff, 92ff, 95ff Was, M 69 Weckruf 37, 42, 45 Wegener, Otto 69 Wegner 96 Weider, Ernest_ 69 Weigert, Edith Louise Weiler, Karl 69 Weis, August 69 Wendler 76f Wendler, E 3, 6 Wenzel, Miss H 12 Werkstoffe, Miracles of German Chemistry _ 13 Werner, Kurt 9 Werner, Richard W 60 Werth, Hoist Eugen 7 Wessel, Hoist 16 Westphal, Edmund Viktor 9 Wetzer, Wilhelm Robert 7 Wheeler-Hill, James 69 "White Book" 24 Whitley_ 36f Wieda, A 69 Wiedemann, Fritz 8 Wiegand, Guenther 20 Wiese, Hilgegard Gretchen Hedwig 7 Wildermuth, 7 Wiilmovski, Albert 69 Willumeit, Otto Albert 69, 79, 85 Wilms 94, 96 Wilson, Hampden 32 Windels, Erich 8 Winder, Miss Ch 12 Winona. 96
.2.79899-43—Arioendix 7- —8