DOCSLIB.ORG

Aqueous Solution for Blackening Chemical

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Aqueous Solution for Blackening Chemical (19) TZZ ¥___T (11) EP 2 341 164 A1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION published in accordance with Art. 153(4) EPC (43) Date of publication: (51) Int Cl.: 06.07.2011 Bulletin 2011/27 C23C 22/18 (2006.01) C23C 28/00 (2006.01) C23C 2/06 (2006.01) C25D 5/26 (2006.01) (21) Application number: 09814547.7 (86) International application number: (22) Date of filing: 14.09.2009 PCT/JP2009/065991 (87) International publication number: WO 2010/032702 (25.03.2010 Gazette 2010/12) (84) Designated Contracting States: (72) Inventors: AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR • WATANABE Shunjiro HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL Yatomi-shi PT RO SE SI SK SM TR Aichi 4980024 (JP) Designated Extension States: • ENDO Yasuhiko AL BA RS Yokohama-shi Kanagawa 226-0002 (JP) (30) Priority: 17.09.2008 JP 2008238526 (74) Representative: HOFFMANN EITLE (71) Applicant: Hoden Seimitsu Kako Kenkyusho Co., Patent- und Rechtsanwälte Ltd. Arabellastraße 4 Atsugi-shi, Kanagawa 243-0213 (JP) 81925 München (DE) (54) AQUEOUS SOLUTION FOR BLACKENING CHEMICAL CONVERSION TREATMENT OF ZINC OR ZINC ALLOY SURFACE AND METHOD FOR FORMING BLACKENED ANTIRUST COATING FILM USING THE AQUEOUS SOLUTION FOR THE TREATMENT (57) The present invention provides a chromium-free avalent chromium ion, and contains 5-20 g of phosphate surface treating method capable of treating a surface of ions per liter, 0.1-3 g of divalent iron ions per liter, 1-10 a metallic member having a surface of zinc or zinc alloy g of divalent manganese ions per liter, and 1-3 g of nitrate so as to provide good blackness and rust inhibitive per- ions per liter. The aqueous solution has a pH of 1-3. A formance, and an aqueous solution for chemical conver- black coating film of Fe3O4 is formed by immersing the sion coating that can be applied to the treatment method. metallic member in the aqueous solution, then a conver- The aqueous solution contains neither trivalent or hex- sion coating film of cerium oxide is formed thereon, and then a siliceous coating film is formed thereon. EP 2 341 164 A1 Printed by Jouve, 75001 PARIS (FR) EP 2 341 164 A1 Description TECHNICAL FIELD 5 [0001] The present invention relates to an aqueous solution for chemical conversion coating for forming a blackened coating film on the surface of metallic members having a surface of zinc or zinc alloy by using an aqueous solution containing neither trivalent nor hexavalent chromium, that is, a chromium-free aqueous solution, and to a method of forming a blackened anti-corrosion coating film using the aqueous solution for chemical conversion coating. 10 BACKGROUND ART [0002] Conventionally, as surface treatment for blackening a surface of a galvanized member, so-called black chro- mating has been carried out. However, it is being revealed that if a human skin is exposed to a metallic member treated with an aqueous solution of chromate containing hexavalent chromium for a long period, chromium is absorbed by and 15 accumulated in the human body, causing a risk that symptoms such as cancer caused by chromium or chromium allergy may appear. [0003] Under such circumstances, in Europe, according to the RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) Directive, use of hexavalent chromium is restricted. Surface treatment using trivalent chromium as a substitution for hexavalent chromium has been increased (Patent Literature 10). However, since trivalent chromium is partially converted into 20 hexavalent chromium by an equilibrium reaction, it is feared that trivalent chromium might affect human bodies or environment. [0004] As a chromium-free solution for blackening chemical conversion coating for a galvanized member, a phosphate/ nitrate aqueous solution for treating a zinc alloy plated steel sheet (Patent Literature 1), a mixture solution of one or two or more of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and organic acid and a hydrogen peroxide solution (Patent Literature 2), an 25 acidic aqueous solution having a pH of 6 or less containing a source of sulfite ion and a source of an oxidizable substance (Patent Literature 3), and the like, are known. [0005] Furthermore, a treatment method including: immersing zinc or zinc alloy in an aqueous solution for blackening treatment containing a vanadium ion, an aluminum ion, and an ammonium ion (and a cobalt ion if necessary) ; and treating with a tannin aqueous solution, followed by forming an organic resin coating film has been proposed (Patent 30 Literature 4). In this case, when an organic resin coating film is not formed, a neutral salt spray test shows that rust inhibitive performance lasts for only about eight hours until the occurrence of white rust. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain high rust inhibitive performance in a relatively thin coating film. [0006] Furthermore, a method for chemical conversion coating for a surface plated with zinc or zinc alloy by using an aqueous solution containing hydrogensulfite, aluminum sulfate or gelatin has been proposed (Patent Literature 5). 35 However, the rust inhibitive performance of this method is low. According to a neutral salt spray test, since white rust occurs in 48 hours, it is difficult to say that the method satisfies the practical level of rust inhibitive performance. Fur- thermore, as a method of treating a chromium-free anti-corrosion coating film for a surface plated with zinc or zinc alloy, a method of forming a coating film of two layers or more has been proposed (Patent Literature 6). However, this literature does not disclose a surface treating method of presenting a black tone. Furthermore, a method of forming surface coating 40 containing corrosion resistant cerium with respect to aluminum or zinc from an acidic aqueous solution containing cerium (Ce) cation and hydrogen peroxide has been known (Patent Literatures 7 and 8, and Nonpatent Literature 1). [0007] The present applicant previously filed a patent application on the invention of a chromium-free surface treating agent for surface-treating a galvanized product, which is an alcoholic solution of an alkoxysilane oligomer with a weight- averaged molecular weight of 1,000 to 10,000 prepared by partially hydrolyzing and condensation-polymerizing 45 tetraalkoxysilane, and has a concentration of the alkoxysilane oligomer in the alcoholic solution of 8 to 25 weight% in terms of silica.(Patent Literature 9). [0008] This chromium-free surface treating agent is characterized in that when it is applied to a galvanized metal product to form siliceous coating film having a thickness of about 1 mm, not only the occurrence of white rust (zinc oxide) that is an indicator of the corrosion resistance of a chemical conversion coating, but also the occurrence of red rust (iron 50 oxide) that is an indicator of the corrosion resistance of a galvanized layer can be prevented for a long period. Citation List Patent Literatures 55 [0009] Patent Literature 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2-17633 2 EP 2 341 164 A1 Patent Literature 2: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 4-68392 Patent Literature 3: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-213446 Patent Literature 4: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-232504 Patent Literature 5: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-322048 5 Patent Literature 6: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-121101 Patent Literature 7: Japanese Patent Application National Publication No. 02-502655 (WO88/06639A1) Patent Literature 8: Japanese Patent Application National Publication No. 2003-528218 (US6,773,516B2) Patent Literature 9: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-264170 (Japanese Patent No. 4128969) Patent Literature 10: U.S. Patent No. 5,415,702 Nonpatent Literature 10 [0010] Nonpatent Literature 1: Kobayashi Y. et al.; Production of cerium-containing chemical conversion coating film on galvanized coating film and evaluation of corrosion resistance of the coating film: Journal of The Surface Finishing Society of Japan, Vol. 55, p.276 (2004) 15 DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION [0011] Without using hexavalent chromium, blackening treatment using an acidic treatment solution containing a 20 trivalent chromium compound as a chemical conversion coating solution is employed. However, in this treatment, the blackness of a coating film formed on a surface of zinc or zinc alloy is uneven and the rust inhibitive performance is low, and delicate adjustment of treatment solution is necessary. Furthermore, the treatment solution deteriorates fast and needs frequent renewal of the treatment solution. Galvanizers and other related users desire an application method for forming a coating film, which has practical rust inhibitive performance and also has a high quality jet-black tone. 25 [0012] As mentioned above, a conversion treating agent and a surface treating method capable of forming a thin coating film, which is completely chromium-free and has uniform blackness and excellent rust inhibitive performance, on a surface of zinc or zinc alloy, have not been known. Furthermore, proposed chromium-free technologies for substi- tution of the conventional chromate method are not sufficient in white rust inhibitive performance with respect to com- plicated-shaped articles of steel-made workpiece, for example, a screwed site or an edged site of bolts and nuts and 30 the like for automobiles and household electric appliances. [0013] An object of the present invention is to provide a method of forming a chromium-free blackened anti-corrosion coating film, which has an excellent rust inhibitive performance equal to or higher than the hexavalent chromate treatment without containing a chromium compound harmful for environment and human bodies in the coating film and which has a self-healing property, that is to say, a property of maintaining the rust inhibitive performance by allowing a coating film 35 component to elute so as to repair the damaged part of the coating film even if an anti-corrosion coating film is damaged, and to provide an aqueous solution for blackening chemical conversion coating suitable for the method for forming the coating film.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • CORROSION PERFORMANCE of ELECTROGALVANIZES STEEL TREATMENT with Cr (III)-BASED PRODUCTS
    CORROSION PERFORMANCE OF ELECTROGALVANIZES STEEL TREATMENT WITH Cr (III)-BASED PRODUCTS C R Tomachuk1, A R Di Sarli2, C I Elsner2 1Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN-SP, Brasil 2CIDEPINT (CICPBA ± CONICET), La Plata, Argentina SUMMARY: The corrosion resistance of pure zinc coatings can be improved through the application of suitable chemical passivation treatments. Hexavalent chromium compounds have widely been used to formulate conversion layers providing better anticorrosive protection as well as anchorage properties to painting systems. However, taking into account that they are produced using hazardous chemical LQJUHGLHQWV WKH GHYHORSPHQW RI DOWHUQDWLYH DQG ³JUHHQ´ WHFKQRORJLHV ZLWK HTXLYDOHQW SURWHFWLYH performance is a paramount purpose of many R&D laboratories working around the world. In this work, the corrosion behavior of zinc coatings obtained from free-cyanide alkaline baths and latterly subjected to a Cr(III) based passivation treatment, with and without a sealing treatment, was studied. The experimental work involved electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements on 0.5 M Na2SO4 solution, surface microstructural and morphological characterization by electronic microscopy as well as chemical analysis by EDXS. The analysis and interpretation of all the data coming from these batteries of tests allowed inferring that both the Cr(III) based conversion treatment + adequate sealer provided a good corrosion resistance and, therefore, together with an adequate painting system, they could be a less pollution and less toxic alternative to the traditional chromate coatings. Keywords: corrosion, impedance electrochemical, green technologies, conversion treatment, electrogalvanized steel. 1. INTRODUCTION The corrosion of galvanized steel is one of the major problems in industry. This material can become more resistant to corrosion if an appropriate protective conversion coating is applied on top of the zinc layer.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix B2 Module Handbook of Renewable Energy Engineering
    University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Appendix B2 MODULE HANDBOOK OF RENEWABLE ENERGY ENGINEERING PROGRAM University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Contents Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry ................................................................................... 1 Calculus (1) ....................................................................................................................... 1 Calculus (2) ....................................................................................................................... 5 Linear Algebra ................................................................................................................... 8 Probability Theory and Mathematical Statistics ............................................................. 12 College Chemistry ........................................................................................................... 17 College Physics (1) ......................................................................................................... 21 College Physics (2) ......................................................................................................... 27 Informatics ............................................................................................................................ 32 Introduction to Computer ................................................................................................ 32 Information Technology .................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • STEEL SUBSTRATE US 8.420,224 B2 Page 2
    USOO842O224B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8.420,224 B2 Takahashi et al. (45) Date of Patent: Apr. 16, 2013 (54) ZINC-BASED PLATED STEEL SHEET FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS EXCELLENT IN SURFACE ELECTRICAL CN 1613986 5, 2005 CONDUCTIVITY HAVING PRIMARY RUST CN 1668460 9, 2005 PREVENTIVE THIN FILMI LAYER JP 2000-319787 11, 2000 JP 2002080979 * 3, 2002 (75) Inventors: Akira Takahashi, Tokyo (JP); Atsushi E. 583,378 33: Morishita, Tokyo (JP) JP 2004-277876 10, 2004 JP 2005-08978O 4/2005 (73) Assignee: Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal E. 585. 858. Corporation, Tokyo (JP) JP 2007-331218 12/2007 TW 200806468 2, 2008 *) NotOt1Ce: Subjubject to anyy d1Sclaimer,disclai theh term off thisthi patent is extended or adjusted under 35 OTHER PUBLICATIONS U.S.C. 154(b) by 37 days. International Search Report dated Apr. 1, 2008 issued in correspond (21) Appl.ppl. NNo.: 12/735,6289 ing PCT Application No. PCT/JP2008/053108. (Continued) (22) PCT Filed: Feb. 15, 2008 Primary Examiner — Jennifer McNeil (86). PCT No.: PCT/UP2008/053108 Assistant Examiner — Daniel J Schleis S371 (c)(1), (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Kenyon & Kenyon LLP (2), (4) Date: Oct. 7, 2010 (57) ABSTRACT (87) PCT Pub. No.: WO2009/101707 A Zinc or Zinc alloy plated Steel sheet expressing a perfor PCT Pub. Date: Aug. 20, 2009 mance provided with both corrosion resistance and Surface conductivity is provided. The zinc or zinc alloy plated steel (65) Prior Publication Data sheet of the present invention is a Zinc or Zinc alloy plated steel sheet having an arithmetic average roughness Ra of a US 2011 FOO27611 A1 Feb.
    [Show full text]
  • Hot Dip Galvanizing (HDG) Plant Hot-Dip Galvanization, Corrosion Prevention, Metal Plating, Coatings, Electrogalvanization, Zinc
    Hot Dip Galvanizing (HDG) Plant Hot-Dip galvanization, Corrosion Prevention, Metal plating, Coatings, Electrogalvanization, Zinc Manufacturing Plant, Detailed Project Report, Profile, Business Plan, Industry Trends, Market Research, Survey, Manufacturing Process, Machinery, Raw Materials, Feasibility Study, Investment Opportunities, Cost and Revenue, Plant Economics, Production Schedule, Working Capital Requirement, Plant Layout, Process Flow Sheet, Cost of Project, Projected Balance Sheets, Profitability Ratios, Break Even Analysis www.entrepreneurindia.co Introduction Galvanized coatings are applied to iron and steel primarily to provide protection against corrosion of the basis metal. Hot Dip Galvanizing is a process in which an adherent, protective coating of zinc and zinc compounds is developed on the surfaces of iron and steel products by immersing them in a bath of molten zinc. The protective coatings usually consist of several layers. www.entrepreneurindia.co Those closest to the basis metal are composed of iron- zinc compounds these in turn are covered by an outer layer consisting almost entirely of zinc. The complex structure of layers that comprise a galvanized coating varies greatly in chemical composition and physical and mechanical properties, being affected by chemical activity, diffusion, and subsequent cooling. www.entrepreneurindia.co Small differences in coating composition, bath temperature, time of immersion, and rate of cooling or subsequent reheating can result in significant changes in the appearance and properties of the coating. Hot dip galvanized coatings are produced on a variety of steel mill products, using fully mechanized and mass production methods. www.entrepreneurindia.co Hot dip galvanized zinc coatings have their longest life expectancy in rural areas where sulfur dioxide and other industrial pollutant concentrations are low.
    [Show full text]
  • Zinc Exposure for Female Workers in a Galvanizing
    ORIGINAL PAPER International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health 2018;31(1):113 – 124 https://doi.org/10.13075/ijomeh.1896.00878 ZINC EXPOSURE FOR FEMALE WORKERS IN A GALVANIZING PLANT IN NORTHERN ITALY MATTEO RICCÒ1, SILVIA CATTANI2, and CARLO SIGNORELLI3 1 Provincial Agency for Health Services of the Autonomous Province of Trento, Trento, Italy Department of Prevention 2 University of Parma, Parma, Italy Department of Clinical Surgery, General Surgery and Surgical Therapy, School of Nursing Sciences 3 University of Parma, Parma, Italy Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological, and Translational Sciences (SBiBiT) Abstract Objectives: Very little is known regarding the toxicokinetics of inhaled zinc, in particular in the case of female workers and for modern, low exposure settings. Our aim is to evaluate the relationship of external zinc levels to those of serum and urine for female workers. Material and Methods: Eleven female workers (age: 41.7±8 years old, body mass index (BMI): 23.5±4.2 kg/m2) in a galvanizing plant were investigated. Exposure assessment consisted of personal/environmental air sam- ples, and measurement of zinc in serum (collected at the end of first shift of the working week (T1)) and urine, collected before the first shift of the working week (T0), T1 and at the end of the last shift of the working week (T2). Results: Both environmental and personal air samplings for zinc and zinc compounds were below the recommended by the German Re- search Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft – DFG) limit values of 2 mg/m3 (7.34±2.8 μg/m3 and 8.31±2.4 μg/m3, respectively).
    [Show full text]
  • Hot-Dip Galvanization
    Hot-dip galvanization From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Galvanized steel) Crystalline surface of a hot-dip galvanized handrail A street lamp in Singapore showing the characteristic spangle Hot-dip galvanisation is a form of galvanisation. It is the process of coating iron, steel or aluminium with a thin zinc layer, by passing the metal through a molten bath of zinc at a temperature of around 860 °F (460 °C). When exposed to the atmosphere, the pure zinc (Zn) reacts with oxygen (O2) to form zinc oxide (ZnO), which further reacts with carbon dioxide (CO2) to form zinc carbonate (ZnCO3), a usually dull grey, fairly strong material that stops further corrosion in many circumstances, protecting the steel below from the elements.Galvanized steel is widely used in applications where rust resistance is needed, and can be identified by the crystallization patterning on the surface (often called a “spangle”). Galvanized steel can be welded; however, one must exercise caution around the resulting zinc fumes. Galvanized steel is suitable for high-temperature applications of up to 392°F (200°C). The use of galvanized steel at temperatures above this will result in peeling of the zinc at the intermetallic layer. Electrogalvanized sheet steel is often used in automotive manufacturing to enhance the corrosion performance of exterior body panels; this is, however, a completely different process. Process The process of hot-dip galvanizing results in a metallurgical bond between zinc and steel with a series of distinct iron-zinc alloys. The resulting coated steel can be used in much the same way as uncoated.
    [Show full text]
  • Strategy and Roadmap Ver 2 1.Pdf
    Cadmium and Hexavalent Chromium Alternatives 5-Year Strategy and Roadmap, Contract # W9128F-12-D-0041 25 May 2016 3150 Fairview Park Drive South Falls Church, Virginia 22042-4519 Advanced Coatings 5-Year Strategy and Roadmap Executive Summary The Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) and Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) Weapons Systems and Platforms Program Area has developed a strategy to reduce use of cadmium (Cd) and hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) by 90% or more at Department of Defense (DoD) maintenance depots over the next five years. The strategy includes objectives, metrics, and actions to demonstrate how this reduction can be achieved. The strategy employs site demonstrations and leverages DoD resources to replicate processes across the DoD depot community. It also includes a recommended future path for success in the advanced coatings area. As part of this effort, installation-specific implementation plans were developed in coordination with Letterkenny Army Depot (LEAD), Fleet Readiness Center Southeast (FRCSE), and Oklahoma City Air Logistics Complex (OC-ALC). These efforts helped inform the strategy. These implementation plans track to the overall Advanced Coating 5-Year Strategy and Roadmap, consist with DoD’s strategic vision as it pertains to Cr6+ and Cd reduction. DoD processes that contribute to current cadmium and hexavalent chromium use and production, and potential alternatives are illustrated in Figure ES-1. DoD Processes Chromate Topcoats and Chromated Cadmium
    [Show full text]
  • T&B Cable Tray
    T&B Cable Tray Introduction The Benefits of Cable Tray Cable tray wiring systems offer significant advantages over conduit pipe and other wiring systems. Cable tray is more cost efficient, more reliable, more adaptable to changing needs and easier to maintain. In addition, its design does not contribute to potential safety problems associated with other wiring systems. An evaluation of the costs and benefits of various wiring systems should be done in the design phase. Avoiding the system selection process or deferring it until construction, often result in higher costs, scheduling delays and a system that will not meet future needs. Selection of a wiring system that is not the most suitable for a particular application in terms of cost, potential corrosion and electrical considerations can lead to numerous problems, including excessive initial cost, poor design, faulty installation, extra maintenance, future power outages and unnecessary safety concerns. Cost Efficiency Extensive experience has shown that the initial cost of a cable tray installation (including conductor, material and installation labor costs) may be as much as 60% less than a comparable conduit wiring system. Cable tray systems, including trays, supports, fittings and other materials, are generally much less expensive than conduit wiring systems. In addition, major cost savings are generated by the relative ease of installation. Labor costs of installing a cable tray system can run up to 50 percent less. Total cost savings will vary with the complexity and size of the installation. Direct cost savings are easy to calculate during the design phase of an installation, but the enormous advantages of cable tray may accrue only over time.
    [Show full text]
  • Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Sheet and Manufacturing Method Therefor
    (19) TZZ ¥¥_T (11) EP 2 623 636 A1 (12) EUROPEAN PATENT APPLICATION published in accordance with Art. 153(4) EPC (43) Date of publication: (51) Int Cl.: (2006.01) (2006.01) 07.08.2013 Bulletin 2013/32 C23C 22/40 B32B 15/08 (86) International application number: (21) Application number: 11829416.4 PCT/JP2011/072903 (22) Date of filing: 28.09.2011 (87) International publication number: WO 2012/043864 (05.04.2012 Gazette 2012/14) (84) Designated Contracting States: • FUJIBAYASHI, Nobue AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB Tokyo 100-0011 (JP) GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO • KUBOTA, Takahiro PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR Tokyo 100-0011 (JP) (30) Priority: 29.09.2010 JP 2010219975 (74) Representative: HOFFMANN EITLE Patent- und Rechtsanwälte (71) Applicant: JFE Steel Corporation Arabellastrasse 4 Tokyo 100-0011 (JP) 81925 München (DE) (72) Inventors: • KANEKO, Rie Tokyo 100-0011 (JP) (54) HOT-DIP GALVANIZED STEEL SHEET AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREFOR (57) The present invention provides a method for pro- i.e., a surface treatment agent containing a specified res- ducing a hot- dip galvanized steel sheet having a uniform in compound, a specified urethane resin having cationy, surface appearance, excellent conductivity and corro- a specified silane coupling agent having a functional sion resistance, and a chromate-free surface treatment group, a specified organic Ti chelate compound, and a coating film. A method of producing a hot- dip galvanized tetravalent vanadyl compound at a specified ratio; and steel sheet includes applying, to a hot-dip galvanized drying the surface treatment agent at a ultimate sheet steel sheet having a Ra of 0.5 to 2.0m m and a PPI of temperature of 50°C to 180°C to form a surface treatment 150 or more, a predetermined surface treatment agent, coating film with a coating weight of 0.2 to 1.0 g/m2 on the surface of the steel sheet.
    [Show full text]
  • (Title of the Thesis)*
    A Statistical Approach to Quantifying Impact of Multiple Pulse Resistance Spot Welding Schedules on Liquid Metal Embrittlement Cracking by Erica Wintjes A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Master of Applied Science in Mechanical Engineering Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2019 © Erica Wintjes 2019 AUTHOR'S DECLARATION This thesis consists of material all of which I authored or co-authored: see Statement of Contributions included in the thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. ii Statement of Contributions This thesis was solely written by the candidate. Professors N. Zhou and E. Biro contributed to editing the entire thesis and the papers which form the basis of Chapters 4 and 5. Additional contributions were made in some areas by other members of the Center for Advanced Materials Joining research group. Specific contributions to this work, other than those already noted, are listed below. Chapter 4 of this thesis is based on the results from a conference paper: E. Wintjes, A. Macwan, E. Biro, Y. Zhou, “Effect of Multi-Pulse Welding on LME Severity in RSW Joints.” Sheet Metal Welding Conference XVII, 2018. The experimental design, analysis, and writing were conducted by the candidate. The paper was also co- authored by Prof. E. Biro, Prof. N. Zhou, and Dr. A. Macwan from ArcelorMittal Dofasco, who contributed through technical discussions of the results and assisted with editing the manuscript.
    [Show full text]
  • Research Article Assessment of Automotive Coatings Used on Different Metallic Substrates
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation International Journal of Corrosion Volume 2014, Article ID 838054, 12 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/838054 Research Article Assessment of Automotive Coatings Used on Different Metallic Substrates W. Bensalah,1 N. Loukil,1 M. De-Petris Wery,2 andH.F.Ayedi1 1 LaboratoiredeGenie´ des Materiaux´ et Environnement (LGME), ENIS, Universite´ de Sfax, B.P.W. 1173-3038, Tunisia 2 IUT Mesures Physiques d’Orsay, UniversiteParisSud,PlateauduMoulon,91400Orsay,France´ Correspondence should be addressed to W. Bensalah; [email protected] Received 12 January 2014; Revised 20 March 2014; Accepted 26 March 2014; Published 29 April 2014 Academic Editor: Sebastian Feliu Copyright © 2014 W. Bensalah et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Four epoxy primers commonly used in the automotive industry were applied by gravity pneumatic spray gun over metallic substrates, specifically, steel, electrogalvanized steel, hot-dip galvanized steel, and aluminum. A two-component polyurethane resin was used as topcoat. To evaluate the performance of the different coating systems, the treated panels were submitted to mechanical testing using Persoz hardness, impact resistance, cupping, lattice method, and bending. Tribological properties of different coating systems were conducted using pin on disc machine. Immersion tests were carried out in 5% NaCl and immersion tests in 3% NaOH solutions. Results showed which of the coating systems is more suitable for each substrate in terms of mechanical, tribological, and anticorrosive performance. 1. Introduction The purpose of priming in the automotive industry is [1–4] (i) to inhibit corrosion of the metal substrate from Painting a vehicle is one of the most expensive operations in discontinuities in the paint system which may occur during automotive industry.
    [Show full text]
  • TDS Study of Deuterium Distribution in 3Rd Generation High Strength Steels As a Function of Charging Conditions and Cold Rolling A
    TDS study of deuterium distribution in 3rd generation high strength steels as a function of charging conditions and cold rolling A. Pushparasah, F. Martin, Q. Auzoux, T. Dieudonne, S. Cobo, L. Moli-Sanchez, K. Wolski To cite this version: A. Pushparasah, F. Martin, Q. Auzoux, T. Dieudonne, S. Cobo, et al.. TDS study of deuterium distri- bution in 3rd generation high strength steels as a function of charging conditions and cold rolling. 3rd International Conference on Metals and Hydrogen ”SteelyHydrogen2018”, May 2018, Gand, Belgium. cea-02339124 HAL Id: cea-02339124 https://hal-cea.archives-ouvertes.fr/cea-02339124 Submitted on 13 Dec 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. TDS study of deuterium distribution in 3rd generation high strength steels as a function of charging conditions and cold rolling A. Pushparasah1,4, F. Martin1, Q. Auzoux1, T. Dieudonné2, S. Cobo2, L. Moli-Sanchez3, K. Wolski4 1DEN-Service de la Corrosion et du Comportement des Matériaux dans leur Environnement (SCCME), CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France 2 ArcelorMittal Global Research and Development Maizières Automotive Product, Voie Romaine, F-57280 Maizières-lès-Metz, France 3ArcelorMittal Global Research and Development Gent, Technologiepark 935, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium 4Ecole des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 158 Cours Fauriel, Centre SMS, LGF UMR CNRS 5307, F- 42023 Saint-Etienne, France Abstract Two 3rd generation steels were studied: an austenitic-ferritic MnAl steel and an austenitic-martensitic quenched and partitioned (Q&P) steel.
    [Show full text]