The California Tech Volume CXVIII Number 16 Pasadena, California [email protected] February 16, 2015 Six from Caltech, JPL elected to Caltech alumnus wants to connect world to Internet National Academy of Engineering CALTECH ALUMNI ASSOCIATION Google X is a research lab of Google, but it’s not just Cyrus Behroozi wants to focused on problems related to connect the whole world to the the company’s core business. Internet. We look for big problems that “Two-thirds of the world’s might require radical solutions population still doesn’t have and breakthrough technologies. access,” says Behroozi, an engineer The self-driving car is perhaps with Google X, the Internet giant’s our best-known project and a experimental division. Although great example. The problem: it’s easy to think of the Internet People are generally terrible as a luxury, he says, it’s now drivers; we cause traffic jams inextricably tied to economic and get into accidents. A radical development. solution might be to teach Considering that Google computers to drive. Technology X is most widely known for exists that might make that engineering the driverless car, possible, but it’s an enormous its solution to global connectivity challenge to implement it. So— might seem charmingly low-tech— big problem, radical solution, balloons. But these aren’t everyday breakthrough technology. balloons. Behroozi leads the Project Loon is an attempt network engineering for Project to solve the problem of Internet Loon, an ambitious experiment access around the world. Right by Google X that’s focused on now, two-thirds of the world’s creating a global wireless network population does not have the (Clockwise from top left) Harry Atwater, Mory Gharib, Dan Goebel, Graeme Stephens, Robert Grubbs, and Ravi Ravi- of balloons floating around the ability to use the Internet. You chandran were among the 67 new members welcomed to the National Academy of Engineering. world 12.5 miles (20 kilometers) might consider it a luxury, -http://caltech.edu aboveground, within the but access is now so closely LORI DAJOSE of metals. Atwater is developing of catalysts that have enabled stratosphere—twice the elevation correlated with economic Contributing Writer plasmonic devices for controlling commercial products. For example, flown by commercial airlines. development. There is an light on a nanometer scale. Such Grubbs and his team developed We spoke with Behroozi to hear emerging global digital divide. This article was originally devices could be important for a new method for synthesizing about his path from Caltech to People in developing countries written for the Marketing and the eventual creation of quantum organosilanes—basic chemical Google’s lofty experiment. could be greatly helped by Communications Office and is computers and more efficient building blocks. Normally these gaining access. published online at caltech.edu. photovoltaic cells in solar panels. molecules are made with expensive Tell us about your time So that’s the problem: global and rare precious metals, but at Caltech. Internet access. The radical Six members of the Caltech Mory Gharib is the vice Grubbs’s group has found a way My parents were physicists, approach and the breakthrough community—Caltech professors provost for research and the to catalyze the reaction using a and I had grown up with a bit technology are doing it by Harry Atwater, Mory Gharib Hans W. Liepmann Professor cheap and abundant potassium of hero worship for Richard balloon—and not just stationary (Ph.D. ’83), Robert Grubbs, and of Aeronautics and Bioinspired compound. Feynman. So when I arrived at balloons hovering over one Guruswami (Ravi) Ravichandran, Engineering. His election citation Caltech, I felt that I had found location and providing access and JPL staff members Dan M. notes his contributions to fluid flow Guruswami (Ravi) “my people.” I fell under the to a small group willing to Goebel and Graeme L. Stephens— visualization techniques and the Ravichandran is the John E. wing of physics professor Ken pay for it. Most likely, that have been elected to the National engineering of bioinspired medical Goode, Jr., Professor of Aerospace, Libbrecht (BS ’90), who at approach actually turns out not Academy of Engineering (NAE), devices. Gharib’s biomechanical professor of mechanical the time was very interested to be technologically feasible. an honor considered among the studies are often coupled with engineering, and director of the in Bose-Einstein condensates Instead, the idea is to let the highest professional distinctions medical engineering; for example, Graduate Aerospace Laboratories [cooling subatomic particles to balloons float freely, travel with accorded to an engineer. The by studying the fluid dynamics of (GALCIT). He is cited by the near absolute zero so that they the winds in the stratosphere, academy welcomed 67 new the human cardiovascular system, NAE for his contributions to the coalesce into larger structures, and have just enough of them American members and 12 foreign he and his group are better able mechanics of dynamic deformation, in some cases observable on a that as some drift out of range, members this year. Included to develop new types of prosthetic damage, and failure of engineering macroscopic scale]. Being able new balloons come from the among the new class are four heart valves. materials. Ravichandran has to trap and observe atoms has other direction to take their Caltech alumni, Dana Powers (B.S. studied the behavior of polymers a very obvious “cool factor,” so places. ‘70, Ph.D. ‘75), Michael Tsapatsis Dan M. Goebel, a senior under high pressures and strains, I continued to pursue it after (M.S. ‘91, Ph.D. ‘94), Vigor Yang research scientist at JPL, was and how the peeling of an adhesive graduation. A couple of years Why balloons? Why not (Ph.D. ‘84), and Ajit Yoganathan honored for his contributions to material—like Scotch Tape—may later, I was part of a research use satellites? (Ph.D. ‘78). low-temperature plasma sources be modeled as a crack propagating team at Harvard that was able Well, satellites are also a for thin-film manufacturing, in a medium. to slow down light traveling great solution, but they’re Harry Atwater, the Howard plasma materials interactions, and through a Bose-Einstein extremely expensive to launch. Hughes Professor of Applied Physics electric propulsion. Graeme L. Stephens, the condensate. That project There’s a long time delay and Materials Science and director director of JPL’s Center for received a lot of press and between when a satellite is of the Resnick Sustainability Robert Grubbs, the Victor Climate Sciences, was elected by really seemed to capture the proposed, when it’s built, when Institute, was cited for his and Elizabeth Atkins Professor of the Academy for the elucidation of imagination of the public. Jay you can get a launch window, contributions to plasmonics—the Chemistry and corecipient of the Earth’s cloud system and radiation Leno even made a joke about it: and the duration that it has to study of plasmons, coordinated 2005 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, balance. “Researchers announced that last in orbit to sort of pay for waves of electrons on the surfaces was elected for the development they were able to slow light. You itself. You might be developing know how they did it? They took technology for a satellite that a laser and aimed it through the launches five years from now. It See page 4 for candidate statements for Off post office.” has to last for the next 10 years to become economically viable. What exactly are Google Campus BoC rep and Off Campus CRC rep. X and Project Loon? Continued on page 2

NEWS | page 2 FEATURE | page 3 SPORTS | page 5 FEATURE | page 7 In this caltech y offers nailen reviews watson scores brad/chad defines several new op- ’s “The home run for bea- finance issue portunites Pinkprint” vers baseball News 2 February 16, 2015 THE CALIFORNIA TECH Caltech Y Column: News and events Balloons offer road to Internet CALTECH Y waivers; drive to Circle K Ranch do regular tutoring along with Continued from page 1 the Google X lab, announced (about 30 min away). occasional hands-on science that Project Loon had logged The Caltech Y Column serves to Price: $15 per person for one experiments. Transportation is So you’re dealing with more than 1.2 million miles (2 inform students of upcoming events hour of riding, paid the day of, in provided. For more information technology that might be 10 or million kilometers) in testing and volunteer opportunities. The cash. and to RSVP, contact vkkumar@ 15 years old by the time it really and was on track to have a “semi- list is compiled by Neera Shah from Transportation is not provided. caltech.edu. Eligible for Federal gets used. permanent” ring of balloons information given by the Caltech Y Since sign-ups are first come, first Work Study. With balloons, we have in the Southern Hemisphere and its student leaders. serve, and there is limited space, 5b. Hathaway Sycamores more flexibility. We can make within the next year or so. Founded by students in 1916, you are expected to come if you Monday | 5:30-8:00pm | them cheaply. We can launch “We really look for what the Y was organized to provide RSVP. Please RSVP here: http:// Highland Park them cheaply. We can refresh we call ‘T-shaped people,’ extracurricular activities planned goo.gl/forms/oTTCF9ckh2. A Volunteer at Hathaway- and iterate the technology on a — people with really diverse and implemented by students as confirmation email will be sent out Sycamores, a group that supports month-by-month basis. So it’s backgrounds, but who also have an opportunity to learn leadership by Friday, 2/13. local underprivileged but motivated sort of low-stakes aerospace. very deep expertise in one area. skills and discover themselves. 3. Federal Work Study high school students. There are a We get the altitude and coverage That describes most Techers.” More information about the Through the Caltech Y variety of ages and subjects being similar to a satellite and gain How did your training at Caltech Y and its programs can be There are many opportunities tutored. The service trip includes the ability to iterate quickly—all Caltech prepare you for this found at https://caltechy.org. The for community service through about an hour of travel time and 1.5 at a much lower cost. career? office is located at 505 S. Wilson the Caltech Y. All are welcome and hours of tutoring. Transportation I really think that Techers fit Avenue. encouraged to volunteer. Students is included. For more info and to What are the challenges very well within Google X. We receiving Federal Work Study can RSVP email Sherwood Richers involved? have a bunch here right now. Upcoming Events also earn $20 an hour for doing at [email protected]. It’s a terrific challenge of We really look for what we call select community service programs Eligible for Federal Work Study. engineering. There’s a big jump T-shaped people—people with 1. Reproducibility in through the Caltech Y! between making a balloon that really diverse backgrounds (the Science Seminar Series: Caltech Y Front Desk Other Announcements - can last one day and one that top of the T) who also have very A Conversation with Prof. (ongoing) Beyond the Caltech Y can last 100. Going through deep expertise in one area (the Pietro Perona Work during office hours (9am- the day-and-night cycle is stem). Because of the way that Tuesday February 24th | Noon 5pm) at the Caltech Y. Duties Community Science Event treacherous, requiring what’s Caltech trains us, that describes - 1pm | Avery Library | Lunch is include checking out equipment, At Caltech called a super-pressure balloon. most Techers. I also believe provided, but space is limited answering phones, making Monday│March 2nd│4:30 - Then, there’s the navigation. that the collaborative culture RSVP Required reservations, and other duties as 7:30 PM │Winnett Winds within the stratosphere at Caltech is really helpful. If I For the next installment of our assigned. For more information Our first Community Science tend to travel in , have a hard problem, my first scientific reproducibility series, email [email protected]. Event will be headlined by Prof. which we can take advantage of reaction is to go find somebody we will be discussing quantitative Rise Tutoring (Monday- Ken Libbrecht on the topic “The to navigate. The balloon needs else who might be an expert in methods in biology and publication Thursday from 4-6pm) Secret Life of a Snowflake.” It to be able to change altitude to it rather than attack it myself. standards. This topic is relevant Tutor 8th-12th grade students is free to all K-12 teachers and catch a current headed in the As an engineer, I’m very because research in biology has in math and science at Caltech. volunteers who wish to participate right direction. pleased to be here. Just about steadily become more reliant on For more information visit: http:// (meal provided). My responsibility is the every project in Google X is analytical methods, yet many caltechy.org/programs_services/ The intended audience is communication, connecting something that relates somehow biologists are not formally trained tutoring/ K-12 teachers with an interest in the balloons to the end users on to the physical world. We have in mathematics or statistics. We Hathaway Sycamores Tutoring working together to create lessons the ground. As balloons drift in generous resources to tackle aim to address how this trend (every Monday) - Volunteer at taking into account new NGSS and out of range, we need the them and an environment that has impacted reproducibility. Hathaway-Sycamores, a group that and Common Core guidelines. We connectivity to feel seamless. encourages risk—even if we end Prof. Perona will give a short supports local underprivileged but welcome volunteers to host lab We also need to link the balloons up failing. introductory presentation on his motivated high school students. activities and demonstrations as to one another, back to ground experiences followed by an open There are a variety of ages and well. stations, and the Internet. One Professor Libbrecht always question and answer session. subjects being tutored. The service The events will be held in of the first basic challenges we impressed me with his ability Dr. Pietro Perona is the Allen trip includes about an hour of travel Winnett, with a schedule as follows: faced was the fact that most to jump between projects and E. Puckett Professor of Electrical time and 1.5 hours of tutoring. 4:30 pm to 5:30 pm -- Keynote transmitters are polarized, follow his interests. He often Engineering at Caltech. He is the Transportation is included. For seminar by Prof. Ken Libbrecht meaning the signal transmits joked, “If at first you don’t director of the NSF Engineering more info and to RSVP email 5:30 pm to 6:30 pm -- Activities in only one direction. But succeed, no need to make a fool Research Center in Neuromorphic Sherwood Richers at srichers@ and lab demos by partners balloons rotate. So we designed of yourself.” I would encourage Systems Engineering. He also tapir.caltech.edu. 6:30 pm to 7:30 pm -- special antennae that provide a people to be adventurous and directs the Computation and Pasadena LEARNS Tutoring Collaborative lesson creation by signal no matter which way the explore many paths in order Neural Systems PhD program (every Friday) - Come volunteer at teachers. balloon is oriented. to find the ones that suit them centered on the study of biological Madison and Jackson Elementary Caltech volunteers (undergrads/ So to make this all work, best. brains and intelligent machines. School! We are partnered with the grads/post docs/staff...) are we need: balloons capable of Professor Perona’s research centers Pasadena LEARNs program and needed. Register here: http://csa. staying aloft for 100 on vision. His research is focused work with their Science Olympiad caltech.edu/cseVolunteer. More days, altitude-control on the computation foundations team or do regular tutoring along info can be found at: http://csa. systems, an “air- of vision to help design machine with occasional hands-on science caltech.edu/cse traffic control” system vision systems. He has contributed experiments. Transportation is that can predict to the theory of partial differential provided. For more information PCC Veterans Tutoring weather models, and equations for image processing and to RSVP, contact vkkumar@ Program a network to tie them and boundary formation, and to caltech.edu. Flexible Schedule | Tutor on all together. modeling the early visual system’s 4. Alternative Spring Break Caltech’s Campus or at PCC’s function. He is currently interested Multiple Locations | Multiple Veterans Resource Center What stage of in visual categories and visual Dates | More Info Coming Soon Veterans at PCC Need Your the project are you recognition. Explore a new place, meet Help! Tutors are needed in: Math, in? Presented by the Caltech Y new people, serve a community, Physics, Chemistry, and Life Well, we’ve already Social Activism Speaker Series. and have fun! Join other Sciences with particular needs in done pilot testing RSVP at https://docs.google.com/ Caltech Students experiencing Study Skills, Homework Review in New Zealand and forms/d/1jxkRNpJezqygms0sJ7 a non-traditional spring break and Test Preparation. The Veteran Brazil. We’ve been YkU9VTMVJrQpB4dvWrDUaCR volunteering in the community. students at PCC would appreciate working furiously 9o/viewform. Trips under consideration a little extra support to prepare and growing the 2. Horseback Riding at this year include: Catalina and themselves for their civilian and team since then. Griffith Park Monterey Bay. More info and academic careers. Having been out We’re launching Monday | February 16th | 9:15 applications coming soon. of school for several years creates and flying balloons AM 5a. Pasadena LEARNS special challenges that you can help continuously right Want to go horseback riding Friday | 3:00 - 5:00pm | them overcome. An hour or two per now. We’re definitely through the dusty trails of Griffith Madison and Jackson Elementary week could be a huge boost! How “all in” to make this Park? Sign up for the Caltech School | Pasadena can you help? One-on-one tutoring work. Y Explore LA series Horseback Come volunteer at Madison and sessions with self-identified Riding event! Jackson Elementary School! We Veterans. For more information [Update: Since Cyrus Behroozi sits on Google’s campus in Moun- Where: Meet at the Caltech are partnered with the Pasadena and to volunteer contact Urte H. this interview was tain View, California, with a prototype of a bal- Y (505 S. Wilson Ave) to fill out LEARNs program and work with Barker at [email protected]. conducted, Astro loon’s communications array. their Science Olympiad team or com or 626.379.7471. Teller, the head of -http://alumni.caltech.edu feature THE CALIFORNIA TECH february 16, 2015 3 : A showcase for Nicki Minaj’s rapping? NAILEN MATSCHKE split across releases. Minaj uses this (feat. )” is co-written three deliver competent verses. already know how you feel about. Contributing Writer time strategically, with the album’s by Katy Perry, and is confidently Drake’s somewhat tongue-in-cheek Personally, I’m a fan; even though 16 tracks transitioning between unrelenting in its explicit lines relating his appreciation it’s largely a remix of Sir Mix-a- This week, Tech editors Monica a handful of moods without too sexuality, giving even Gangsta of Minaj’s figure prove to be the Lot’s “Baby Got Back,” I think it Enlow and Liz Lawler requested many abrupt jumps. most memorable, crosses the uncanny valley with its that I review Nicki Minaj’s most The first, “All Things while Brown’s commitment to being abrasively recent album, The Pinkprint, Go,” decisively sets delivery of the ludicrous and ends up being one of which was released on Dec. 12. the stage for Minaj hook is completely the most unique tracks. I’ll admit up front that this is the to take some time uninspired. Most of the album’s remainder first of her albums I’ve listened to, to give listeners a The album can be skipped, as it starts off and that in general I haven’t given serious look at life continues like with the unforgivably awful EDM much attention to her music over from her point of this for a while crossover “The Night Is Still the past few years. I have, however, view. For example, and is generally Young.” “Pills N Potions” is a been aware of her reputation as in the first verse enjoyable, but like somewhat touching piano-based an underrated rapper, largely due she explains that all good things this pop ballad with impressive vocals, to the overwhelming presence of she’s all right with comes to an end, but this formula is then used for the pop songs on her first two albums. life’s finite span beginning with album’s last two songs, detracting Throughout The Pinkprint there “as long as seven “Buy a Heart (feat. from the feeling. It’s usually are times where this claim seems years from now, I’m Meek Mill).” Meek sobering to hear artists’ struggles, like it has some truth to it, and taking my daughter Mill absolutely and Minaj does make an effort to the album certainly goes farther to preschool,” and throws away open up to the audience with lines than her previous LPs in terms of later in the third one of the song’s such as “Couldn’t believe that I solidifying her voice as a unique verse she hints at two verses, and was home alone, contemplating / female presence, particularly in the abortion she begins the track Overdosin’,” but ultimately these the hip-hop world. This assertion had as a teenager. by blindsiding the songs don’t have very much to say, of independence and talent really However, her listener with its and this makes them come off as is the point of the album, and as rapping still feels painful hook. The a bit forced in their attempts to its title suggests it tries to establish almost lethargic on -http://nickiminaj.wikia.com following “Trini emotionally impact the listener. a concept of who Minaj is both as this intro along with Dem Girls (feat. The final song, “Grand Piano,” also an artist as well as a real person. its similarly emotional follower, “I Boo’s verse in Run the Jewels 2’s LunchMoney Lewis)” isn’t any features quite a bit of singing from Some tracks offer surprisingly Lied.” For fans of Minaj who are “Love Again (Akinyele Back)” a better, serving as the album’s token Minaj, but it drags on and brings candid glimpses into her personal interested in the intimate details run for its money. This is followed inclusion of Jamaican influence the album to a boring close. life, while others proudly show off of her life, these songs are some by the banger “Feeling Myself with an almost impressive lack of Minaj’s The Pinkprint is clearly her ability to pull off the extreme. of the most meaningful in her (feat. Beyoncé),” which is again substance. Together, these two filler an album about her, and certainly Unfortunately, though, there are discography, but musically there saturated with innuendo that can’t tracks back-to-back kill the album’s stands above her previous two. It still some sections of the album simply isn’t much to write home quite contain itself, reiterating the momentum, and this feels like a probably won’t convince anyone of which are almost cringeworthy, about. The singing-heavy “The point that Minaj is the “queen of waste, especially when some of the her rap skills, but that’s what her and these beg the question of how Crying Game (feat. Jessie Ware)” rap,” and which ends with a verse bonus tracks such as “Shanghai” mixtapes are for. The LP serves to purely “Nicki” The Pinkprint is completes a trilogy before the laden with jabs at her competition, and “Truffle Butter (feat. Drake establish what she wants herself to and how much is aimed for the album moves into its next phase. as she takes a convincing stand and )” showcase some of sound like, and it works most of the mainstream. The following five tracks are against the view that she’s just an Minaj’s best flows. It’s clear that she time, although the end result is far One thing immediately all downtempo, bass-heavy, industry-controlled pop star. Next wanted The Pinkprint to be about from perfect. I suggest checking out apparent about this album is how straightforward hip-hop, and while is another standout cut featuring more than her just as a rapper or some of The Pinkprint’s singles, but impressively long it is, clocking they play it safe, they make up one and Minaj’s Young as a pop singer, but these songs are unless you’re already a fan of Minaj in at just under 67 minutes, not of the most enjoyable sections of Money labelmates Drake and Lil just flat-out not good. Next up is you probably won’t get a great deal counting the seven bonus tracks the album. “Get On Your Knees Wayne, “Only,” which sees all “Anaconda,” which you probably out of the album. 2015 CALTECH UNDERGRADUATE WRITING PRIZES

Each year the division of Humanities and Social Sciences awards a number of prizes for undergraduate writing. Consider submitting your work to be recognized and rewarded for your work as a writer.

Submit your Writing this year for these prizes:

MARY A. EARL MCKINNEY PRIZE IN LITERATURE

AWARDED TO THE BEST ORIGINAL POETRY AND FICTION. SUBMIT UP TO 3 POEMS. FICTION SHOULD NOT EXCEED 12,000 WORDS.

Prize amount: $ 500.00/each category

HALLETT SMITH PRIZE Build an activity! Awarded to an outstanding essay related to the work of Shakespeare. Prize amount: $500.00 Run a demo! Submission Guidelines:

Deadline: April 3rd, 2015 Make a di erence Only currently enrolled full‐time students may submit. Entries should be double‐ spaced PDFs. Winners will be announced in June, and winners’ names will be in the commencement program. Winning writing will be archived using CODA in our local schools. through the Caltech Library. Email entries to Sini Elvington at [email protected], noting the prize to which you are applying in the email subject and filename.

csa.caltech.edu/cse Contact Sini Elvington at [email protected] with any questions

Feature 4 February 16, 2015 THE CALIFORNIA TECH Candidates for Off Campus BoC Rep (5) Looking for some (Joseph Schneider, cont.) during BOC cases, and will always work? The Tech maintain confidentiality and protect the privacy of all parties involved. I will never take matters needs you! lightly, and I will always do what it takes to reach a fair and just decision. Additionally, being a BOC rep is more than just sitting The California Tech is looking for on cases; I would also always be available to advise and help people writers and photographers...and who have questions about the BOC process. This is why I wish to be the KEVIN SHU you can get paid! off-campus BOC rep, and would be honored to have your vote. It is vital that we undergraduates be able to trust each other; most ARJUN GOSWAMI aspects of daily life here would Write reveiws of interesting res- WILLIAM LAKE be impossible without that trust. taurants, new movies, and even Academic honesty has always Knowing that everyone will be been something very important No photo or statement rewarded according to their effort, books! to me personally. I believe that submitted. that we can rest easily and be when we start to attach too much secure about other’s intentions importance to grades, numbers, allows us to keep from losing our competition, and gaining an minds. Cases in which that trust is You can even submit your own advantage over our peers, we violated must be resolved so that sacrifice our love for actually despite that breach, no one has to comics! learning the math and science, fear for themselves. It’s important which is why we all originally to me that everyone, including came to Caltech. As your BoC rep perpetrators, be treated fairly, Contact us at [email protected] if I will help to make sure no unfair and therefore that the BOC is as advantages are gained and that effective and as secure as possible, interested. the playing field is level, so we can so I am resolved to be a level- all continue to enjoy the amazing headed BOC rep. benefits (collaboration, take- home exams, etc.) the Honor Code brings us. I will be approachable, reasonable, and above all else, Candidates for Off Campus CRC Rep (4) rational in my decision-making. (Bianca Ray Avalani, cont.)

GABBY TENDER the table in order to keep the best interests of students and faculty in In all honesty, I never wanted mind while upholding ethics in the to go to Caltech. Up until my first matters that are crucial to our life day on campus, I was researching at Tech. transfer application deadlines for other universities. I am now embarrassed by how ridiculous I was then. Since starting at Caltech, I have been immensely happy. I cannot imagine transferring. Talking to my parents, I have narrowed down why I love Caltech to three major categories: my BIANCA RAY AVALANI AMANDA GAO research, the people, and the honor JOSEPH SCHNEIDER code. I am now ready to make the As a member of the Caltech Hey, I’m Amanda, and I’m honor code a bigger part of my community, I find that the Honor running for a spot on the Conduct life, because I have always devoted Code is an integral part of my life Review Committee! I know that it’s The position of BOC rep is not myself to things that really matter to here both in academic and non- hard to judge a candidate by a few one to be taken lightly. The time me. The honor code makes me feels academic matters. The academic words and a picture, but in case commitment is significant, the safe and comfortable everywhere side of ethical behavior is often you’re still reading, I’d just like to responsibilities are enormous, and on campus. I love how the honor mentioned, but the personal and say that I care deeply about keeping JAKE KETCHUM the decisions can be emotionally code allows me to collaborate with social side is equally important yet in the spirit of the Honor Code, and taxing. But I believe that I am capable my friends, never worrying that less visible. As last year’s off-campus I will do my best to represent you of living up to the expectations and they’ll simply my work or take CRC rep, as well as through being a The Caltech Honor code and your interests if I’m elected. fulfilling the duties responsibly. advantage of my ideas. By adhering Title IX representative and UCC, I is a vital part of what makes Thanks! Student involvement in protecting to the honor code’s ideals during have had considerable experience Caltech uniquely Caltech. It the honor code is an invaluable my study parties, I have learned investigating ethical concerns and confers on us, as a student body, part of Caltech, and I want to be more about the material and have ramifications in matters such as significant freedoms, and it is an integral part in continuing this made better friends faster than hazing, sexual harassment, and our responsibility as students to tradition. Only letting students sit I could have imagined. I want to security breaches. This year, I protect and uphold the Honor Code ROSHAN AGRAWAL on the BOC requires no little trust be a BoC Rep, because I want to would like to continue being a part however we can. As CRC rep I will on the part of the faculty. I want to support this important part of my of Caltech’s system to protect the endeavor to approach every case No photo or statement strengthen that trust. Why would life. I also believe that I would be Honor Code in all areas, as well as with the utmost of integrity and the submitted. I make a good BOC rep? Because a great BoC rep. I am able to stay to bring my increased skill set to utmost of compassion. I can handle the workload. I know calm and collected when I am the hours upon hours that the job forced to make difficult decisions. The election will be from 10 a.m. to 11:59 p.m. on Tuesday, Feb. 17. can require, and I am prepared Balancing the honor code’s ideals to make room in my schedule. I and the individual situation, I am You may only vote in this election if you did not vote for any house’s will never take shortcuts or avoid confident that I’ll be able to make hard choices — BOC decisions tough decisions when necessary, BoC or CRC rep since September 2014. If you vote in this election, you are serious decisions, and cutting but be understanding when I know corners to save time or emotionally that there was no malicious intent. may not vote in any other BoC or CRC rep election until September difficult choices is not acceptable. I want to be a BoC rep to apply Furthermore, I am sensitive to the myself to this essential part of 2015. Contact [email protected] with any questions. privacy issues that arise Caltech. Sports THE CALIFORNIA TECH February 16, 2015 5 Kate Lewis gets 10th double-double of season, still hungry GOCALTECH.COM The Sagehens outshot the Beavers, 48- you can’t identify and this was one of those Actual Sports Content Editor 32 percent from the field, 33-17 percent nights. We will look at who is next up and beyond the arc and 60-53 at the charity stripe move past it.” CLAREMONT, Calif. (Feb. 14, 2015) – while also winning the rebound (+5) battle, Lewis’ 27 points were just one shy of her Sophomore Kate Lewis (San Antonio, Texas/ although Caltech committed a season-low career best, while her 11 rebounds completed Ronald Reagan) left no doubt in breaking eight turnovers. Pomona-Pitzer improves the double-double and marked the sixth the program single-season scoring record to 6-16 overall and 5-8 in the SCIAC while straight game she has been in double figures. with her 10th double-double of the season to Caltech is now 0-22 (0-13). Junior Stephanie Wong (Palos Verdes lead the Caltech women’s basketball team at Both defenses stepped up at the start Estates, Calif. / Palos Verdes Peninsula) Pomona-Pitzer Colleges in an 81-52 defeat to keep it a 2-2 game over the first three chipped in 12 points, seven rebounds and on Saturday afternoon. minutes, but Pomona-Pitzer went ahead by three assists while her sister, sophomore Lewis poured in 27 points for her third double digits at 17-6 with 9:49 left to play. Michelle Wong (Palos Verdes Estates, Calif. straight and ninth 20-point effort this season The Beavers hung near single digits as late as / Palos Verdes Peninsula) added three assists to bring her season total to 396, shattering the 5:56 mark, when they trailed 23-15, but and two steals. teammate Stephanie Wong’s 2012-13 mark a 9-3 run to end the half saw Pomona-Pitzer “What I enjoy about Kate and Stephanie of 374 points with three games still in hand. lead by 14 at the break. is that they keep working at it,” Marbut said. “Kate continues to produce big points Lewis scored two quick baskets as the “Neither was finding the rim in the first half, when we need them, and it gives us a huge second half got underway, but the Sagehens’ yet both kept getting back up and trying boost,” Head Coach Sandra Marbut said. Amelia Hummel was on her way to a career again. At one point, I talked with Kate about “She broke a big record tonight in a big way day with 31 points and kept pace, allowing just focusing on her rebounding to get a little and is setting a bench mark that may stand for her team to extend the margin throughout momentum going, and then she poured in a a very long time. She knows what she wants the half to a high of 31 and final of 29. bunch of points. They are both capable of big to get done this season and is staying focused “We found shots, they just didn’t seem games every night and when they relax into on making it happen. She could really extend to fall and it complicated us finding any it, it usually happens. They both found their it out and challenge future players to step it momentum,” Marbut said. “It wasn’t stride in the second half and helped us down up to meet her mark.” representative of what we are capable of the stretch with their scoring.” Kate Lewis sets the single season point record doing – some games are a battle for reasons and our hearts on fire. -http://gocaltech.com Watson hits first Beaver home run in quite some time GOCALTECH.COM Menninger (Norristown, Pa. / Chestnut Hill Actual Sports Content Editor Acad.) led off with a single and reached third base before the inning ended. Senior Ryan PASADENA, Calif. (Feb. 14, 2015) – Casey (Valencia, Calif. / Valencia) matched Freshman David Watson (Fort Collins, the feat after reaching on an error to open Colo / Windsor) clubbed the Beavers’ first the eighth inning, but was also stranded as home run since April 5, 2013 as the Caltech the Leopards scored again in the eighth and baseball team dropped a doubleheader to the ended the game with seven runs in the ninth. University of La Verne on Saturday. Menninger led the Beavers with two hits Game 1: Caltech 0, La Verne 12 in four at-bats. It was a pitcher’s duel right from the start Game 2: Caltech 1, La Verne 18 as the Leopards opened the scoring with an La Verne took a quick 3-0 lead in the unearned run in the top of the first inning, but first inning and made it 9-0 in the second, neither team could string anything together eventually stretching out to 18-0 in the in the early going. La Verne advanced a sixth. Senior Oliver Curtiss (Hudson, Ohio runner to third base in both the second and / Western Reserve Acad.) recorded the third frames, but the first came with two outs Beavers’ first hit in the third inning and already on the board and a well-turned 6-4-3 Chou sparked some late energy in the fourth, double play erased the runners iin the third. singling and advancing to second before the Junior Daniel Chou (Blue Bell, Pa. / frame ended. Wissahickon) kept the home squad in the Casey added a single in the fifth inning mix all the way to his final pitch, allowing and, after La Verne’s five-run top of the sixth, just three earned runs and one walk over 8 Watson crushed his homer to right field with 1/3 innings. Sophomore Harrison Jacobs one out in the bottom of the seventh inning. (Tucson, Ariz. / Catalina Foothills) became Freshman Garrett Levine (Columbus, Ohio / Caltech’s first baserunner with a leadoff single Columbus Acad.) laced a single to shortstop in the bottom of the third inning, but the but was later caught at third base on a Beavers could not advance him any further. fielder’s choice. La Verne tacked on another unearned run in Junior Michael Klionsky (Boca Raton, Fla. the top of the fifth inning and made it 4-0 / Atlantic) recorded two outs in a clean frame with runs in the sixth and seventh innings. while Jacobs finished things off with a hitless Caltech finally moved a runner into seventh inning, allowing just one walk. David Watson really hit the ball out of the park with this one. scoring position as sophomore Tim -http://gocaltech.com No hope for Hope International as Caltech is victorious GOCALTECH.COM led for much of the match at #1 doubles as Actual Sports Content Editor well, but the Royals rallied to take the final two games, posting their only win of the day, PASADENA, Calif. (Feb. 13, 2015) – A 9-7. quartet of Caltech women’s tennis players Wang and Vinci Chen took care of recorded wins at both doubles and singles business in short order at #5 and #6 singles, in an 8-1 triumph over Hope International each recording the 6-1, 6-0 victory. Sophia University on Friday afternoon. Chen took the clinching point at #3 singles, The Beavers stay perfect to start the 6-3, 6-2, and Yao followed with a lengthy season at 2-0 while the Royals drop to 0-5. 6-3, 6-0 win at court #4. Freshman Sarah Sophomore Sophia Chen (Newport Beach, Cai (Livermore, Calif. / West Lafayette Jr./ Calif. / Corona Del Mar) and freshman Erin Sr.) then picked up the win in her first career Wang (Auburn, Calif. / Del Oro) quickly match at #1 singles, 6-2, 6-2, leaving just wrapped up #3 doubles, 8-3, for the first point junior Monica Li (Boulder, Colo. / Fairview) of the day, followed shortly by Freshman still playing at #2. Li fell behind by a set (4-6) Grace Yao (La Palma, Calif. / Oxford Acad.) but recovered with a dominant 6-1 second to and freshman Vinci Chen (Austin, Texas / force a superbreaker, in which she rode the Erin Wang moves with effortless grace as she brings the heat. Westwood) taking #2 doubles, 8-4. Caltech momentum to a 10-6 victory.. -http://gocaltech.com Announcements 6 February 16, 2015 THE CALIFORNIA TECH caltech presents Saturday, February 21, 2015 / 8 p.m. ASCITASCIT Board of Directors Meeting Minutes Minutes for 13 February 2015. Taken by Sean McKenna. $40, 35, 30; Youth $10

Officers Present: Cat Jamshidi, Connor Rosen, Patrick Nikong, Sean McKenna Students $5 Guests: Margaret Lee, Elliott Simon, Chris Dosen, Allika Walvekar, Alex Vienna Faculty and Staff Hartz $5 off Call to Order: 8:04 pm Boys President’s Report (Cat):  Alex Hartz discussed a proposed change of the BoC bylaws which would need to be approved by vote of the undergraduate student body. A few minor dates and wording have been fixed, but there is also a more substantive proposed change. The purpose is for the Dean Choir to have records of dismissed cases. In doing so, the Dean of Students Beckman Auditorium would be involved in some capacity in dismissals, and this capacity will be negotiated by the Dean and the BOC Chair. Call campus x 4652  ASCIT and the BOC will work further to come up with an exact visit the Caltech Ticket Office 101 Winnett Center wording of the proposed changes before calling for a vote by undergrads.  Furthermore, the report suggested that some BoC and CRC responsibilities could be redelegated to ASCIT, potentially having an CALTECH THEATER offers several chances “Honor Code” representative on the Board of Directors. This position could take responsibility for things like BARC lunches and training to branch out and take chances, have fun and new faculty.The BOD will determine if these issues would be better expand your social network this year! addressed by a position on the ARC or through ASCIT.  Elections are on Tuesday 17 February for off-campus BoC and CRC reps. We have a non-trivial number of people running for both positions! WANTED: Actors, singers, musicians, technical Officer’s Reports: personnel, and designers for new, original  V.P. of Academic Affairs (ARC Chair: Nima): o The ARC is working with the Dean’s office on freshman Caltech musical Alice Through the Wormhole! This peer advising for next year. More details will come in the next couple of weeks, but it should look something like the musical is currently in the development phase option mentoring program from two years ago, where freshmen get paired with upperclassmen who can advise with a world premiere run Feb 20-March 1, 2015! them. If you are interested in any facet of production, o The Dean’s office is setting up a fund for option clubs to put on option-specific meet-and-greet events. This fund will be including script development, contact Brian usable to start up new option-specific clubs rather than for established clubs. Brophy directly ([email protected]). o You should take a prof to lunch! Get a small group of friends together and invite a professor to go have a good lunch with you. Details are here: http://arc.caltech.edu/proftolunch.php The California Tech  V.P. of Non-Academic Affairs (IHC Chair: Connor): Editors-in-Chief Waiting for Ricketts President to turn over before the new Monica Enlow o Caltech Liz Lawler IHC starts to ramp up. Neera Shah  Interim Director of Operations (Sean): Nehaly Shah o ASCIT projector/screen/speakers will be ready for use some time this week. The TECH  Treasurer (Patrick): Advisor Richard Kipling o Allika Walvekar requested event funding on behalf of the Society of Women Engineers for their Introduce a Girl to Public Events Engineering Day event. Contributing Writers  Social Director (Annie): Brad Chattergoon Absent Lori Dajose o Nailen Matschke  Secretary (Sean): o Nothing to report. Hiring Ushers Circulation Manager If anyone has any questions or concerns about a section of the minutes please Kit Chinetti email the appropriate officer. We are happy to answer any questions. The next meeting will take place on February 20th at 8pm in SAC 15. Flexible hours. Meeting Adjourned: 8:49 No experience needed. Caltech 40-58, Pasadena, CA 91125 Outgoing Personality. Contact [email protected] The Tech is published weekly except dur- YOU ARE NEVER ALONE. Pay Rate: ing vacation and examination periods by the Associated Students of the California Institute of Technology, Inc. The opinions $15 per hour expressed herein are strictly those of the REMINDER FROM authors and advertisers. Letters and submissions are welcome; e- mail submissions to [email protected] as THE COUNSELING CENTER: plain-text attachments, including the au- thor’s name, by Friday of the week before publication. The Tech does accept anony- Caltech Students mous contributions under special circum- Meditation Mob stances. The editors reserve the right to edit and abridge all submissions for any (drop-in mindfulness only!! reason. All written work remains property of its author. The advertising deadline is 5 PM Friday; meditation group) all advertising should be submitted elec- tronically or as camera-ready art, but The Tech can also do simple typesetting and Meets every Tuesday Contact: Adam Jacobo arrangement. All advertising inquiries should be directed to the business man- Bottom floor of Winnett 626.395.5907 ager at [email protected]. For subscription information, please send mail to “Sub- 12:00-12:50 pm [email protected] scriptions.” Feature THE CALIFORNIA TECH February 16, 2015 7

Brad/Chad Crossword Business Tutorial: What is Finance? BRAD CHATTERGOON worth more than one dollar in the Contributing Writer future. Let’s say someone offers me a $1.00 today or $1.05 in half of Hey, Caltech. Week 7 is upon us a year. Which option do I take? If and that means Drop Day is coming there is an interest rate, r, such that along soon. Midterm grades are in investing $1.00 today at an interest and if you’re like me you now know rate r will give me more than $1.05 which classes are definitely on your in six months, then I should take pass/fail list. the dollar today. As many of you may know, If this were an exercise in America’s favorite non-holiday was simple interest, then these types this past weekend: Valentine’s Day. of calculations would be trivial I am a firm believer that we should but the market functions on all be happy with our relationship interest referred to as “compound statuses (and if not happy with interest” where any interest earned it, then change it), but given our after a “compounding period” is biological design to propagate compounded with the already the species, dating inevitably will existing principal during the next show up in our lives. At a basic compounding period. level, dating boils down to two Let’s look at an example of roles, approacher and approached. how this works. Let’s say I invest Falling into the former category, $100 in a savings account with a -http://puzzlechoice.com I have wondered about the best period interest rate of 5%. At the Across Down strategy. The real problem is end of the first period I will have 1. Goodwill served in a bowl 1. Happy 36. Well-defined track information asymmetries in early 1.05×$100=$105 in the account. 6. The night before 40. Scintilla 2. Loose flowing garment 38. Small wooded social interaction. Imagine a world At the end of the second period 9. Lawsuit 41. Tripod 3. Highly excited hollow where everyone knows everyone I will have 1.05×(1.05×$100)= 13. Access a computer 43. Prevaricator 4. Judicature 42. Tether else’s preferences in what could 1.05^2×$100=$110.25. At the 14. Cacophony 44. Fragrance 5. Involve or imply 45. Person who makes plausibly be represented by a very end of the nth period I will have 15. Relating to a 46. 5,280 feet 6. Boundary leather from skins and large two-dimensional preference 1.05^n×$100 in the account. particular 47. Drill 7. By way of hides matrix to answer the question, What about the net present neighborhood 48. Source of danger 8. Follow, as a result 49. Golf peg “Would he/she go on a date with value (NPV) of money that I am 16. Approximately 50. Hit with something 9. Slow-flying bird 51. Folks me?” The complexity of the current receiving in the future? 17. Fuel flat resembling a duck 54. Elongated piece of situation would easily drop off. As an example of this, let’s say 18. Main artery 52. Novel 10. 4,840 square yards leather So why do I mention this? Well, I lend a friend $100 and we make 19. Demean 53. Bird structure 11. Replete 56. Cloth with parallel perhaps it is possible to simulate an agreement for him to pay me 21. Innumerable but 55. Unit of play in 12. Distinctive and stylish diagonal a sparse version of such a matrix back $5 every three months for many squash elegance lines or ribs with only the information that is six months and a return of $100 23. Bind 57. Small crown 15. Portable computer 57. Actors in a play relevant to you. Namely, would at the end of the six months. 24. Partially carbonized 61. Impresario 20. A tie in tennis 58. Woodwind you go on a date with a person Let us assume that the “risk free vegetable matter 65. Higher up 22. Spoil instrument and would they go on a date with rate,” or bank rate of interest, per 25. Indefinite but 66. Rodent 24. Persevere 59. Roster you? How would one do this? If three-month period is 5%. Then relatively 68. Fragment 25. Force onto another 60. Ellipse you encounter a person that you how much is the repayment worth small number 69. Relating to the sun 26. Era 61. Halt would go on a date with, ask if they today? 28. Entice 70. In the past 27. Colorless binary 62. Made of fermented want to go on a date with you and 30. Full-bodied 71. South American cud- compound honey mentally fill in their response in NPV= 5/(1.05)+$105/(1.05^2) 35. Translucent mineral chewing animal 29. Wander and water your matrix. Sounds pretty simple =$100 37. Line made of twisted 72. Relate 31. Electric lamp 63. The highest point of right? Just some food for thought. fibers 73. Liveliness and 32. Jointure something So the value is equivalent. How or threads energy 33. Frighten 64. Approach The word “finance” gets does this make sense? Let’s say I 39. Mixed drink usually 74. Church officer 34. Tossed 67. Historic period thrown around very loosely had instead invested the $100 in when describing career paths. a savings account. We know that For example, someone might we would get $110.25 at the end Sudoku say, “I want to work in finance.” of two periods. But $5 + $105 = What does that mean? It could $110. Where is the extra $0.25 be venture capital, private equity, coming from? After receiving trading/stocks, or even at a hedge the first $5 after the first period fund. Given the diversity of these we can reinvest it at the risk free careers, it might be difficult to rate. So in the second period we determine why they are all termed get $105+$5×1.05=$110.25. And as “finance.” The common factor voilà, equality. is that they are all built around a fundamental concept called “net I hope this gives an insight into present value.” what the field of finance is based Net present value stems from on. the existence of interest rates, or the idea that one dollar today is Brad/Chad

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