ASTE 520 Spacecraft Design Section 00, Part 1
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ASTE 520 Spacecraft Design Section 00, Part 1 ASTE 520 Spacecraft Design Fall 2019 Mike Gruntman Department of Astronautical Engineering Viterbi School of Engineering University of Southern California Los Angeles 1997–2019 by Mike Gruntman 1/18 2019-Fall_ASTE-520_Sec-00_part-1_no_pswd ASTE 520 Spacecraft Design Section 00, Part 1 Spacecraft Design, Fall 2019 (set of notes on spacecraft design) Mike Gruntman, 2019 Copyright 1997–2019 by Mike Gruntman All rights reserved No part of these materials may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, or utilized, in any form or by any means, by any information storage and retrieval system, without the written permission of the author. 1997–2019 by Mike Gruntman 2/18 2019-Fall_ASTE-520_Sec-00_part-1_no_pswd ASTE 520 Spacecraft Design Section 00, Part 1 ASTE 520 Spacecraft Systems Design Required for Astronautical Engineering Regardless of your engineering or science major (electrical, mechanical, aerospace, systems, computer, etc. or physics, astronomy, chemistry, math, etc.) and regardless of your job function (research, development, design, test, manufacturing, management, marketing, etc.) – if you work or plan/desire to work in the space/defense industry or in government space R&D centers or in space operations, then ... This is a course (on space systems) that you must take. ASTE520 focuses on fundamentals of space systems. It will help you to put into perspective your area of specialization and enable professional communications with other subsystem specialists. The course is popular at USC. It is among largest graduate space systems and space technology courses in the United States, with more than 1260 students during the last 12 years alone. Academic year 2019–2020 ASTE520 Spacecraft Systems Design is offered only in the fall (2019) semester. Fall 2019 Class enrollment is unlimited. For students enrolled in the class: Course materials for ASTE-520 Spacecraft Systems Design will be posted on the class web site at DEN around August 14, 2018. Spring 2020 Course not offered ASTE-520 public web site ( http://astronauticsnow.com/aste520/ ) provides information on the syllabus, textbooks, and much more. 1997–2019 by Mike Gruntman 3/18 2019-Fall_ASTE-520_Sec-00_part-1_no_pswd ASTE 520 Spacecraft Design Section 00, Part 1 Spacecraft Design – ASTE 520 Thursday, 6:40–9:20 p.m., OHE-100D Fall 2019 W&E&P New SMAD HW Class Date Subject NS (L&W SMAD) Due Chapters Organization of the class. 0 1 Aug 29 History of rocketry and space (self study). 1 1 Universe, galaxy, solar system. 2 2 Sep 05 Space environment. 3 7 (8) 1,2 3 Sep 12 Orbital mechanics. 4 9 (5,6,7) 3,4,5 Orbital mechanics. 4 8,9 (5,6,7) 4 Sep 19 6, 7, 8 Space mission geometry. 5 8,9 (5,6,7) Space mission geometry. 5 8 (5) 5 Sep 26 9,10,11 Attitude determination and control (ADC). 7 19 (10,11) 6 Oct 03 Attitude determination and control (ADC). 7 19 (10,11) 12,13,14 7 Oct 10 MID-TERM 7:00–9:00 p.m., on campus, room TBD Spacecraft and mission design overview. Fall Fall 1,3,4,6,14,24,28,29 Facilities. Operations. Reliability 6 recess recess (1,3,4,10,14,15,19) watch lecture NS-6; no HW; 2-day recess 8 Oct 24 Spacecraft Propulsion. 8 18 (17,18) 15,16,17,18 Launch systems. 9 26,27 (17,18) 9 Oct 31 19,20 Communications 10 16,21 (10,11,13) 16,21 10 Nov 07 Communications 10 21,22 (10,11,13,16) 11 Nov 14 Electric Power systems. 11 21 (10,11) 23,24,25 12 Nov 21 Thermal control. 12 22 (10,11) 26,27 13 Dec 05 Structures and mechanisms 13 22 (10,11) 28,29,30 Dec 12 FINAL EXAM 7:00–8:30 p.m., on campus, room TBD W&E&P New SMAD = Wertz, Everett, Puschell, The New SMAD L&W SMAD = Larson and Wertz, SMAD NS = Notes Section; HW = homework 1997–2019 by Mike Gruntman 4/18 2019-Fall_ASTE-520_Sec-00_part-1_no_pswd ASTE 520 Spacecraft Design Section 00, Part 1 ASTE 520 Spacecraft Design Notes Contents Section 0, Part 1 and Part 2 spacecraft distribution at Organization of the Class LEO and GEO atmospheric drag syllabus atomic oxygen contents spacecraft charging organization of the class trapped radiation homework, exams, grading radiation shielding books, WWWeb resources South Atlantic Anomaly survey cosmic rays micrometeoroids and debris Section HW Home Work problems Section 04 Orbital Mechanics Section 01 Brief History motion in gravitational field two-body approximation Section 02 elliptical orbit Universe, Galaxy, solar system circular and escape velocities Universe classical orbital elements Galaxy hyperbolic excess velocity solar system orbital transfers planets Hohmann transfer coordinate systems orbit plane change time rocket launch launch sites Section 03 transfer to geostationary Space environment orbit gravity-assist maneuvers Sun orbit perturbations solar cycle sun-synchronous orbit plasma Molniya orbit solar wind eclipses Earth’s magnetic field geosynchronous orbit atmosphere Hill’s equations ionosphere libration points magnetosphere The "Big One" geomagnetic storm 1997–2019 by Mike Gruntman 5/18 2019-Fall_ASTE-520_Sec-00_part-1_no_pswd ASTE 520 Spacecraft Design Section 00, Part 1 Section 05 control loop Mission geometry attitude representation disturbance torques coordinate systems magnetic torques satellite horizon gravity gradient / stability swath aerodynamic torques satellite ground track solar radiation torques coverage, repeating orbits attitude measurements satellite constellations magnetometers sun sensors horizon sensors star sensors Section 06 inertial-measurement units Spacecraft and Mission Design (IMU) Overview. Operations. Reliability gyroscopes (rate, integrating, laser) space missions angular momentum national security space nutation damping mission life cycle spacecraft attitude control reviews configurations (spin, mission design and reaction wheels, .....) planning stability of spinners flowdown of requirements examples of problems technology readiness levels (bang-bang, precession (TRL) control) system engineering reaction/momentum wheel learning from mistakes example of problems science payloads (reaction/momentum ground stations wheels) Deep Space network (DSN) Global Positioning System STDN, SGLS, SLR (GPS) TDRSS reliability mean time between failures (MTBF) failure rates Section 08 Spacecraft Propulsion propulsion requirements Section 07 rocket classification Spacecraft Attitude Determination thrust, specific impulse, total and Control impulse rocket equation ADCS multistaging configuration constraints 1997–2019 by Mike Gruntman 6/18 2019-Fall_ASTE-520_Sec-00_part-1_no_pswd ASTE 520 Spacecraft Design Section 00, Part 1 flow parameters in the Section 10 nozzles Communications nozzles and diffusers thrust coefficient, frequency bands characteristic velocity evolution of nozzles communications satellites rocket heat transfer and communications cooling architecture propellant feed systems constraints on spacecraft propellant tanks systems propellant expulsion decibel language liquid propellants electromagnetic waves monopropellants and EIRP monopropellant thrusters antenna gain gelled propellants antennas solid rockets beam patterns grains polarization loss thrust vector control digital vs. analog electric propulsion Nyquist’s and Carson’s electrostatic thrusters rules field emission electric sampling and digitization propulsion (FEEP) and data rate colloid thrusters Shannon’s Law resistojet origins of noise arcjet noise figure magnetoplasmadynamic link design thrusters (MPD) effect of atmosphere, rain, snow modulation encoding BER Section 09 multiplexing Launch Systems multiple access techniques data compression launch issues telemetry functions selection process transponder Atlas family telemetry data formats Delta family) data handling ground data systems space computer systems 1997–2019 by Mike Gruntman 7/18 2019-Fall_ASTE-520_Sec-00_part-1_no_pswd ASTE 520 Spacecraft Design Section 00, Part 1 Section 11 Electric Power Systems Section 13 Structures and Mechanisms requirements classification purposes subsystem elements sources of structural loads design drivers launch orbital effects acoustic environment bus voltage basics of mechanics of solar cells materials solar arrays flexible-body dynamics batteries finite-element analysis nickel-cadmium batteries materials nickel-hydrogen batteries primary structure power processing examples spacecraft weight estimate tests and simulations Section 12 Thermal Control thermal control problems environmental loads blackbody concept Planck and Stefan- Boltzmann Laws thermal control components coatings multilayer insulation (MLI) heaters louvers heat pipes radiators thermal analysis thermal testing 1997–2019 by Mike Gruntman 8/18 2019-Fall_ASTE-520_Sec-00_part-1_no_pswd ASTE 520 Spacecraft Design Section 00, Part 1 ASTE 520 Spacecraft Design Fall 2019 Home Work Schedule Problem due date 1 09/05/2019 2 09/05/2019 3 09/12/2019 4 09/12/2019 5 09/12/2019 6 09/19/2019 7 09/19/2019 8 09/19/2019 9 09/26/2019 10 09/26/2019 11 09/26/2019 12 10/03/2019 13 10/03/2019 14 10/03/2019 no HW – midterm exam 10/10/2019 15 10/24/2019 16 10/24/2019 17 10/24/2019 18 10/24/2019 19 10/31/2019 20 10/31/2019 21 11/07/2019 22 11/07/2019 23 11/14/2019 24 11/14/2019 25 11/14/2019 26 11/21/2019 27 11/21/2019 28 12/05/2019 29 12/05/2019 30 12/05/2019 1997–2018 by Mike Gruntman 9/18 2019-Fall_ASTE-520_Sec-00_part-1_no_pswd ASTE 520 Spacecraft Design Section 00, Part 1 Mike Gruntman, Professor of Astronautics