DOCSLIB.ORG

Scientific and Common Names Common Names Scientific Names

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Scientific and Common Names Common Names Scientific Names The Search for Forest Facts: A History of the Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1926–2000 Scientific and Common Names Common names Scientific names Plants: Acacia Acacia Mill. Ash Fraxinus spp. Asian raspberry Rubus ellipticus Sm. Australian saltbush Atriplex semibaccata R. Br. Austrian pine Pinus nigra Arnold Banana poka Passiflora mollissima (Kunth) L.H. Bailey Bear clover Chamaebatia foliolosa Benth. Bishop pine Pinus muricata D. Don Bitterbrush Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC. Blue gum Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Bristlecone pine Pinus aristata Engelm. California black oak Quercus kelloggii Newberry California poppy Eschscholzia californica Cham. California red fir Abies magnifica A. Murray Catalpa Catalpa spp. Chamise Adenostoma fasciculatum Hook. & Arn. Cinchona Cinchona spp. Common iceplant Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L. Cork oak Quercus suber L. Coulter pine Pinus coulteri D. Don Currant Ribes spp. Desert false indigo Amorpha fruticosa L. Digger pine (gray pine) Pinus sabiniana Douglas ex Douglas Douglas-fir Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco Faya-tree Myrica faya Aiton Four-leaf pine Pinus quadrifolia Parl. Gorse Ulex europaeus L. Gray pine Pinus sabiniana Douglas ex Douglas Guayule Parthenium argentatum A. Gray Hemlock Tsuga spp. Hemp Cannabis spp. Hickory Carya spp. Incense-cedar Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin Indian hemp Apocynum cannabinum L. Indigo bush Amorpha californica Nutt. Interior live oak Quercus wislizeni A. DC. Jeffrey pine Pinus jeffreyi Balf. Knobcone pine Pinus attenuata Lemmon Koa Acacia koa A. Gray Koster’s curse Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don Larkspur Delphinium spp. Loblolly pine Pinus taeda L. Locust Robinia spp. 443 GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT PSW-GTR-233 Longleaf pine Pinus palustris Mill. Madrone Arbutus spp. Mamane (mamani) Sophora chrysophylla (Salisb.) Seem. Monterey cypress Cupressus macrocarpa Hartw. ex Gord. Monterey pine Pinus radiata D. Don Ohia lehua Metrosideros collina J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. (Metrosideros polymorpha Gaudich.) Ponderosa pine Pinus ponderosa C. Lawson Pyrethrum Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium (Trevir.) Vis. Rabbitbrush Chrysothamnus spp. Redcedar Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don Red fir Abies magnifica A. Murray Red gum Eucalyptus spp. Redwood Sequoia sempervirens (Lamb. ex D. Don) Endl. Sandalwood Santalum album L. Scotch pine Pinus sylvestris L. Sequoia Sequoiadendron giganteum (Lindl.) J. Buchholz Shasta red fir Abies × shatensis (Lemmon) Lemmon Silktassel Garrya spp. Slash pine Pinus elliottii Engelm. Strawberry guava Psidium cattleianum Sabine Sugar pine Pinus lambertiana Dougl. Swampmahogany Eucalyptus robusta Sm. Swiss stone pine Pinus cembra L. Tanbark oak (tanoak) Lithocarpus densiflorus (Hook. & Arn.) Rehder Torrey pine Pinus torreyana Parry ex Carrière True fir Abies spp. Walnut Juglans spp. Western hemlock Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg. Western yellow pine (ponderosa pine) Pinus ponderosa C. Lawson White fir Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr. White pine Pinus monticola Douglas ex D. Don Willow Salix spp. Yucca Yucca spp. Diseases Annosus root rot Heterobasidion annosum Western dwarf mistletoe Arceuthobium campylopodum Western gall rust Endocronartium harknessii White pine blister rust Cronartium ribicola Insects California five-spined Ips paraconfusus Lanier engraver California flatheaded borer Melanophila californica Van Dyke Douglas-fir bark beetle Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopk. Douglas-fir tussock moth Orgyia pseudotsuga McDunnough Gypsy moth Lymantria dispar Linnaeus 444 The Search for Forest Facts: A History of the Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1926–2000 Ips beetle Ips spp. Jeffrey pine beetle Dendroctonus jeffreyi Hopk. Lodgepole needle-miner Coleotechnites milleri Busck Mountain pine beetle Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopk. Southern pine beetle Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmerman Spider mite Tetranychidae family Spruce budworm Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman Termite Isoptera order Western pine beetle Dendroctonus brevicomis Le Conte Birds Bald eagle (see southern Haliaeetus leucocephalus bald eagle) California condor Gymnogyps californianus California spotted owl Strix occidentalis occidentalis Horned owl Bubo virginianus Marbled murrelet Brachyramphus marmoratus Northern spotted owl Strix occidentalis caurina Palila Loxioides bailleui Peregrine falcon Falco peregrinus Southern bald eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus leucocephalus Yellow-headed blackbird Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus Mammals Alpine chipmunk Tamias alpinus Fisher Martes pennanti Meadow vole Microtus pennsylvanicus Mountain lion Puma concolor Mule deer Odocoileus hemionus Pine marten Martes americana 445.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Modern Modern
    IN-STOCK CATALOG 2019 MODERN MODERN Theodore Alexander is modernizing modern design. Isn’t it time? We’ve softened the hard edges and added time-tested artisan craftsmanship to create a new modern mix for living room, dining room, bedroom and in-between spaces. Scale and proportion balance beautifully. The finest raw materials are met with innovative finishing techniques. Comfort is paramount. Details matter, but unnecessary ornamentation is absent. Discover the future of modern, evolving today at Theodore Alexander. Renowned designer Michael Berman has completed residential interior projects from New York to Los Angeles for an enviable client list made up of the business and entertainment worlds’ elite and hospitality design for The Fairmont Hotel Group. Berman’s products and interiors reflect his interest in history, art, architecture and nature. His work strikes an uncommon balance between timeless style and an of-the-moment relevance. Inspired by comfort, American Modernism and simplicity of form, Berman’s design work resonates with design industry colleagues. Berman is the founder and principal creative visionary behind Michael Berman Limited; a multifaceted design firm focusing on interior design as well as furniture, textile and product design for various industry partners. Bronze Studio, Berman’s Los Angeles based home furnishings showroom carries his complete line of home furnishings, vintage finds and accessories. Berman’s work has appeared in top industry shelter magazines including Elle Decor, House Beautiful, Luxe, Traditional
    [Show full text]
  • Identification of Market Adulterants in East Indian Sandalwood Using DNA Barcoding Arun Suma, E
    Identification of market adulterants in East Indian sandalwood using DNA barcoding Arun Suma, E. M. Muralidharan, P. Sujanapal, M. Balasundaran To cite this version: Arun Suma, E. M. Muralidharan, P. Sujanapal, M. Balasundaran. Identification of market adulter- ants in East Indian sandalwood using DNA barcoding. Annals of Forest Science, Springer Nature (since 2011)/EDP Science (until 2010), 2014, 71 (6), pp.517-522. 10.1007/s13595-013-0354-0. hal- 01101762 HAL Id: hal-01101762 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01101762 Submitted on 9 Jan 2015 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Annals of Forest Science (2014) 71:517–522 DOI 10.1007/s13595-013-0354-0 ORIGINAL PAPER Identification of market adulterants in East Indian sandalwood using DNA barcoding Suma Arun Dev & E. M. Muralidharan & P. Sujanapal & M. Balasundaran Received: 23 April 2013 /Accepted: 2 December 2013 /Published online: 17 December 2013 # INRA and Springer-Verlag France 2013 Abstract and E. monogynum, the former was more similar to S. album & Context East Indian sandalwood (Santalum album L.) in and grouped together in the dendrogram. commercial markets is highly prone to adulteration.
    [Show full text]
  • Disturbances Influence Trait Evolution in Pinus
    Master's Thesis Diversify or specialize: Disturbances influence trait evolution in Pinus Supervision by: Prof. Dr. Elena Conti & Dr. Niklaus E. Zimmermann University of Zurich, Institute of Systematic Botany & Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL Birmensdorf Landscape Dynamics Bianca Saladin October 2013 Front page: Forest of Pinus taeda, northern Florida, 1/2013 Table of content 1 STRONG PHYLOGENETIC SIGNAL IN PINE TRAITS 5 1.1 ABSTRACT 5 1.2 INTRODUCTION 5 1.3 MATERIAL AND METHODS 8 1.3.1 PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE 8 1.3.2 TRAIT DATA 9 1.3.3 PHYLOGENETIC SIGNAL 9 1.4 RESULTS 11 1.4.1 PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE 11 1.4.2 PHYLOGENETIC SIGNAL 12 1.5 DISCUSSION 14 1.5.1 PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE 14 1.5.2 PHYLOGENETIC SIGNAL 16 1.6 CONCLUSION 17 1.7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 17 1.8 REFERENCES 19 2 THE ROLE OF FIRE IN TRIGGERING DIVERSIFICATION RATES IN PINE SPECIES 21 2.1 ABSTRACT 21 2.2 INTRODUCTION 21 2.3 MATERIAL AND METHODS 24 2.3.1 PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE 24 2.3.2 DIVERSIFICATION RATE 24 2.4 RESULTS 25 2.4.1 PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE 25 2.4.2 DIVERSIFICATION RATE 25 2.5 DISCUSSION 29 2.5.1 DIVERSIFICATION RATE IN RESPONSE TO FIRE ADAPTATIONS 29 2.5.2 DIVERSIFICATION RATE IN RESPONSE TO DISTURBANCE, STRESS AND PLEIOTROPIC COSTS 30 2.5.3 CRITICAL EVALUATION OF THE ANALYSIS PATHWAY 33 2.5.4 PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE 34 2.6 CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK 34 2.7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 35 2.8 REFERENCES 36 3 SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL 39 3.1 S1 - ACCESSION NUMBERS OF GENE SEQUENCES 40 3.2 S2 - TRAIT DATABASE 44 3.3 S3 - SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MAPS 58 3.4 S4 - DISTRIBUTION OF TRAITS OVER PHYLOGENY 81 3.5 S5 - PHYLOGENETIC SIGNAL OF 19 BIOCLIM VARIABLES 84 3.6 S6 – COMPLETE LIST OF REFERENCES 85 2 Introduction to the Master's thesis The aim of my master's thesis was to assess trait and niche evolution in pines within a phylogenetic comparative framework.
    [Show full text]
  • Showroom Guide
    SHOWROOM GUIDE A quick reference guide to Medallion’s PLATINUM door styles, wood species and finishes. GOLD SILVERLINE FINDING HOME Whether you’re breathing new life into an existing space or creating something brand new, reflect your own excellent taste with Medallion’s plentiful offerings. With cabinetry styles from classic to cutting edge, you’ll find doors and finishes that express your own personal flair. No matter what you envision, find the perfect look here—your inspired space awaits. 22 medallioncabinetry.commedallioncabinetry.com Medallion offers three types of door/cabinet construction: Inset, Framed full overlay and Framed half overlay. All are structurally sound, the difference is purely aesthetic. Use this guide to explore your options. INSET – Platinum FACE FRAME OPTIONS • Beaded face frame includes a rounded groove within the face frame, closest to the doors/drawer fronts. • Non-beaded face frame maintains original specifications. Beaded Non-beaded HINGE OPTIONS • Concealed hinge with integrated Quiet Close (not visible from the cabinet exterior). • Barrel hinges include a finial detail; are visible from the exterior and are offered in four finishes. Flat Black Antique Brass Nickel Oil Rubbed Bronze FRAMED – Gold and Silverline FULL OVERLAY VS. HALF OVERLAY Gold and Silverline door styles are either full or half overlay. Full overlay door styles cover almost the entire face frame when closed and requires hardware. Half overlay door styles cover part of the face frame when closed and can function without hardware. Full
    [Show full text]
  • Prominence of Sandalwood (White and Red) Handicraft in the Interiors with Respect to Aromatherapy
    Poralla Vaishnavi, Srivastava Srishti; International Journal of Advance Research, Ideas and Innovations in Technology ISSN: 2454-132X Impact factor: 6.078 (Volume 6, Issue 5) Available online at: https://www.ijariit.com Prominence of Sandalwood (white and red) handicraft in the interiors with respect to aromatherapy Vaishnavi Poralla Srishti Srivastava [email protected] [email protected] Jawaharlal Nehru Architecture and Fine Arts University, Jawaharlal Nehru Architecture and Fine Arts University, Hyderabad, Telangana Hyderabad, Telangana ABSTRACT India being the hub for divine wooden handicrafts due to the rare plant species grown here like Santalum album (Sandalwood) and Pterocarpus santalinus (Red sanders) which come under tropical trees are the most valuable and sacred trees associated with the culture, tradition and medicine; Sandalwood’s treasured aroma is extracted from tree’s heartwood and also it is one of the finest natural materials for carving. Since ancient times the traditional way to extract the sandalwood paste is with the help of sacred rubbing stone and sandalwood smoke is by burning the incense sticks in sacred metal or mud burners for medicine and traditional rituals. Taking the concept from the traditional process of extracting; some of interior elements shall be created to spread the aroma of Santalum album into the interiors from the passages of traditional Jharokhas(stone oriel window) and Mashrabiya(wooden oriel window) on the other side creating interior elements like 3d layered wall murals, side brackets, wall brackets, carved pelmets, etc. with Pterocarpus santalinus. As it is the most costly wood, 3d layered wall murals are designed with ombre effect instead of solid wall murals by using less material for a larger space which makes it cost effective and gives an insight for sustainability and these most exquisite sandalwood carvings are made by skilled craftsman cast in situ to prevent damage due to transport.
    [Show full text]
  • Hawaiian Plant Studies 14 1
    The History, Present Distribution, and Abundance of Sandalwood on Oahu, Hawaiian Islands: . Hawaiian Plant Studies 14 1 HAROLD ST. JOHN 2 INTRODUCTION album L., the species first commercialized, TODAY IT IS a common belief of the resi­ is now considered to have been introduced dents of the Hawaiian Islands that the san­ into India many centuries ago and cultivated dalwood tree was exterminated during the there for its economic and sentimental val­ sandalwood trade in the early part of the ues. Only in more recent times has it at­ . nineteenth century and that it is now ex­ tained wide distribution and great abun­ tinct on the islands. To correct this impres­ dance in that country. It is certainly indige­ sion, the following notes are presented.. nous in Timor and apparently so all along There is a popular as well as a scientific the southern chain of the East Indies to east­ interest in the sandalwood tree or iliahi of ern Java, including the islands of Roti, We­ the Hawaiians, the fragrant wood of which tar, Sawoe, Soemba, Bali, and Madoera. The was the first important article of commerce earliest voyagers found it on those islands exported from the Hawaiian Islands. and it was early an article of export, reach­ For centuries the sandalwood, with its ing the markets of China and India (Skotts­ pleasantly fragrant dried heartwood, was berg, 1930: 436; Fischer, 1938). The in­ much sought for. In the Orient, particularly sufficient and diminishing supply of white in China, Burma, and India, the wood was sandalwood gave it a very high and increas­ used for the making of idols and sacred ing value.' Hence, trade in the wood was utensils for shrines, choice boxes and carv­ profitable even when a long haul was in­ ings, fuel for funeral pyres, and joss sticks volved.
    [Show full text]
  • The Following Tree Seedlings Are Available to Order from the State of Hawaii Division of Forestry and Wildlife, State Tree Nursery
    The following tree seedlings are available to order from the State of Hawaii Division of Forestry and Wildlife, State Tree Nursery: Scientific Name: Common Name: Dibble/ Pot size: Acacia koa……………………… Koa……………………………….. Small Acacia koaia……………………... Koai’a……………………………. Small Araucaria columnaris…………….. Norfolk-island Pine……………… Small Cryptomeria japonica……………. Sugi Pine………………………… Small Cupressus lusitanica……………... Mexican Cypress………………… Small Cupressus macrocarpa…………… Monterey Cypress……………….. Small Cupressus simpervirens………….. Italian Cypress…………………… Medium Eucalyptus deglupta……………… Rainbow Bark……………………. Small Eucalyptus robusta……………….. Swamp Mahogany……………….. Small Metrosideros polymorpha……….. Ohia……………………………… Medium or 3” pot Pinus elliotii……………………… Slash Pine………………………... Small Pinus radiata……………………... Monterey Pine…………………… Small Podocarpus sp……………………. Podocarpus………………………. 3” pot Santalum sp……………………… Sandalwood……………………… Medium or 3” pot Tristania conferta………………… Brush Box………………………... Small Acacia koa (Koa): This large hardwood tree is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. The tree has exceeded 100 ft in height with basal diameter far beyond 50 inches in old growth stands. The wood is prized for furniture and canoe works. This legume has pods with black seeds for reproduction. The wood has similar properties to that of black walnut. The yellow flowers are borne in dense round heads about 2@ in diameter. Tree growth is best above 800 ft; seems to grow best in the ‘Koa belt’ which is situated at an elevation range between 3,500 - 6,000 ft. It is often found in areas where there is fog in the late afternoons. It should be planted in well- drained fertile soils. Grazing animals relish the Koa foliage, so young seedlings should be protected Acacia koaia (Koaia): Related to the Koa, Koaia is native to Hawaii. The leaves and flowers are much the same as Koa.
    [Show full text]
  • What's a Tree Done for You Lately?
    What’s a Tree Done For You Lately? Some common products we get from trees and how they are made Scott Leavengood Director, Oregon Wood Innovation Center, Oregon State University This publication is on-line at http://owic.oregons tate.edu/teachers.php Introduction Products from trees are all around us. Some items are easy to recognize as products we get from trees - This publication will serve as valuable lumber, plywood, and paper, for example. Other background material for several activities in the items such as cellophane, a rayon scarf, and a Project Learning Tree (PLT) Pre K-8 chocolate bar, may not be as easy to recognize as a Environmental Education Activity Guide (1993, product from trees. American Forest Foundation, Washington, D.C.). In particular, the publication is well- This publication will help educators teach students suited to activities 12 and 13, Tree Treasures, about the variety of products we obtain from trees and We All Need Trees, respectively. and how the products are made. It serves as a reference for anyone who wants to know more Number 12 - Tree Treasures about products we obtain from trees. Objectives: 1) identify and categorize products derived from Products from trees may be categorized as: trees, 2) find out which forest products are recyclable • products from wood fiber - for example, paper or reusable, and products and purified cellulose products (rayon, 3) recommend actions for conserving forest cellophane, food additives, and resources. pharmaceuticals); Number 13 - We All Need Trees • products derived
    [Show full text]
  • North American Pinyon-Juniper Woodlands: Ecological Composition, Dynamics, and Future Trends
    North American Pinyon–Juniper Woodlands: Ecological Composition, Dynamics, and Future Trends Esteban Muldavin and F Jack Triepke, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Introduction 1 Types of Pinyon–Juniper Woodlands 3 Detailed Pinyon–Juniper Woodland Descriptions 4 G198 Californian Conifer Forest & Woodland Group 4 G487 Madrean Juniper Open Woodland Group 5 G200 Madrean Pinyon–Juniper Woodland Group 5 G900 Colorado Plateau Pinyon–Juniper Woodland Group 5 G248 Columbia Plateau Western Juniper Open Woodland Group 6 G899 Great Basin Pinyon–Juniper Woodland Group 6 G249 Intermountain Basins Curl-leaf Mountain-mahogany Woodland & Scrub 6 G252 Southern Rocky Mountain Juniper Open Woodland Group 6 G253 Southern Rocky Mountain Pinyon–Juniper Woodland Group 6 Ecological Dynamics in Pinyon–Juniper Woodlands 7 Fire Regimes 7 Insect Pathogens 8 Ecosystem Services and the Changing Land Use of Pinyon–Juniper Woodlands 9 History and Land Use Impacts (e.g., Involving Herbivory, Changes in Fire Regime) 10 Pinyon nuts 10 Livestock use 10 Fuelwood 11 Pinyon–Juniper Woodlands and Climate 12 Tree Mortality and Plant Composition Changes 12 Carbon Storage as an Ecosystem Service 13 Conclusion—Climate and Carbon 13 Future Trends and Conservation 14 References 14 Abstract Pinyon and juniper woodland is a major biome type centered on the Basin and Range and Colorado Plateau physiographic regions of interior western North America. It covers over 40 million ha from western Oregon in the northwest United States, eastward to Wyoming and southward to northern Chihuahua in Mexico, then westward to Baja California. Climatically, these woodlands lie within both the warm and cold temperate zones of North America but at the wetter and cooler portion of the semiarid realm where precipitation seldom exceeds 400 mm.
    [Show full text]
  • California Partners in Flight the USDA Forest Service Klamath Bird Observatory and PRBO Conservation Science
    The Coniferous Forest Bird Conservation Plan A Strategy for Protecting and Managing Coniferous Forest Habitats and Associated Birds in California Version 1.1 March 2002 A project of California Partners in Flight The USDA Forest Service Klamath Bird Observatory and PRBO Conservation Science Conservation Plan Lead Authors: John C. Robinson, USDA Forest Service John Alexander, Klamath Bird Observatory Conservation Plan Supporting Authors, PRBO Conservation Science: Sue Abbott Diana Humple Grant Ballard Melissa Pitkin Dan Barton Sandy Scoggin Gregg Elliott Diana Stralberg Sacha Heath Focal Species Account Authors: Black-backed Woodpecker – Kerry Farris Black-throated Gray Warbler – Tina Mark, USDA Forest Service Brown Creeper – Danielle LeFer, San Francisco Bay Bird Observatory Dark-eyed Junco – Jim DeStaebler, PRBO Conservation Science Flammulated Owl – Susan Yasuda, USDA Forest Service Fox Sparrow – Anne King, EDAW, Inc. Golden-crowned Kinglet – John C. Robinson, USDA Forest Service MacGillivray's Warbler – Chris Otahal, USDA Forest Service Olive-sided Flycatcher – Paul Brandy, Endangered Species Recovery Program Pileated Woodpecker – John C. Robinson, USDA Forest Service Red-breasted Nuthatch – Tina Mark and John C. Robinson, USDA Forest Service Vaux's Swift – John Sterling, Jones and Stokes Associates Western Tanager – Cory Davis, USDA Forest Service Financial Contributors: USDA Forest Service Packard Foundation National Fish and Wildlife Foundation PRBO Conservation Science Klamath Bird Observatory Acknowledgements: California Partners in Flight wishes to thank everyone who helped write, promote, and produce this document. Special thanks to Laurie Fenwood, Geoffrey Geupel, Aaron Holmes, Genny Wilson, Ryan Burnett, and Doug Wallace, and to Sophie Webb for her cover illustration. Recommended Citation: CalPIF (California Partners in Flight). 2002.
    [Show full text]
  • Hawaiian Santalum Species (Sandalwood)
    April 2006 Species Profiles for Pacific Island Agroforestry ver. 4.1 www.traditionaltree.org Santalum ellipticum, S. freycinetianum, S. haleakalae, and S. paniculatum (Hawaiian sandalwood) Santalaceae (sandalwood family) ‘iliahialo‘e (S. ellipticum) ‘iliahi, ‘a‘ahi, ‘aoa, lā‘au ‘ala, wahie ‘ala (S. freycinetianum, S. haleakalae, and S. paniculatum) Mark D. Merlin, Lex A.J. Thomson, and Craig R. Elevitch IN BRIEF Distribution Hawaiian Islands, varies by species. Size Small shrubs or trees, typically 5–10 m photo: M. Merlin M. photo: (16–33 ft) or larger at maturity. Habitat Varies by species; typically xeric, sub­ humid, or humid tropics with a distinct dry season of 3–5 months. Vegetation Open, drier forests and wood­ lands. Soils All species require light to medium, well drained soils. Growth rate Slow to moderate, 0.3–0.7 m/yr (1–2.3 ft/yr). Main agroforestry uses Homegardens, mixed­ species forestry. Main uses Heartwood for crafts, essential oil extraction. Yields Heartwood in 30+ years. Intercropping Because sandalwood is para­ sitic and requires one or more host plants, intercropping is not only possible but neces­ sary. Santalum freycinetianum var. Invasive potential Sandalwood has a capac­ lanaiense, rare, nearly extinct. ity for invasiveness in disturbed areas, but this Photo taken near summit of is rarely considered a problem. Lāna‘ihale, Lāna‘i in 1978. INTRODUCTION SANDALWOOD TERMS Hawaiian sandalwood species are small trees that occur naturally in open, drier forest and woodland communities. Hemi-parasitic Describes a plant that photosynthe­ They are typically multi­stemmed and somewhat bushy, at­ sizes but derives water and some nutrients through at­ taining a height of 5–10 m (16–33 ft) or larger at maturity, taching to roots of other species.
    [Show full text]
  • NORTHERN SANDALWOOD OIL Santalum Lanceolatum
    W I L D W O O D O I L S W I L D W AustraliaO O D O I L S ofAustralia Australia NORTHERN SANDALWOOD OIL Santalum lanceolatum Sandalwood is used throughout the world to enhance mood, promote healthy skin, and provide relaxing qualities during meditation. The ancient Egyptians used Sandalwood during the embalming process. Santalum Lancelatum, also known as Northern Sandalwood, gives an opportuntiy for one to explore the more floral and fruity notes of this unique oil. Northern Sandalwood plays a different role to traditional sandalwood oils due to its unique floral aromas. When applied directly to the skin as a perfume, it offers several different floral layers, exhibiting potential in skincare formulations and for calming notes in aromatherapy. Northern Sandalwood has been used by indigenous Australian’s, traditionally soaking the roots to make liniment and grinding the seeds to make a fragrant paste. CHARACTERISTICS grounding, calming, improving mental clarity and stilling the mind. Other benefits are in aiding meditation, along with anti- Northern Sandalwood Oil is an opauqe golden oil with a microbial activities. medium intensity aroma. The scent can be described as having a smooth, fragrant, fruity aroma with soft floral notes which is COMPLEMENTS unique from other traditional Australian Sandalwoods. Northern Sandalwood Oil is slightly sweeter than traditional USAGE sandalwood oils. It can be used as a base note fragrance, and beautifully complements vanilla, jasmine, geranium, and Northern Sandalwood Oil can be used in skincare formulations. bergamot, as well as warm, spicy fragrances such as buddha It can also be used in the formulas of perfumes, in essential wood, cedarwood, and frankincense.
    [Show full text]