DOCSLIB.ORG

The 1995 Dexter Award Address

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The 1995 Dexter Award Address Bull. Hist. Chem. 2 (1998) 1 1995 DEXTER AWARD ADDRESS THE CHEMICAL ORIGINS OF PRACTICAL PHYSICS Wll . r, Unvrt f tr I hld l t thn th xtr Crprtn ll In ft, n hlr hv pntd t drn th Chr nd br f th xtr Ard C th lt dd r , th dpln f ph tt, bth prnt nd bnt, fr th hnr. I fl n t td nl rd t lt n th nntnth prd t jn th rtr f ln ln f dtnhd ntr, rfltd b th ft tht bth th rth nd htrn trtn th lph Opr n 6 nd t pll rn t jn th lt f n UK hldr f th hnr tht bn th hn d nd h n ldd h lltr n l MK, J. rtntn, ph dh, nd r rntl h frnd rvr Wll, M. Crlnd, brt Andrn, nd Cln ll. h ltr ddtd t th r f th lt Sdn Edltn. Aprt fr rt nd , ht dtnh n, dn, nd nnrn fr ll thr fr f vtnl trnn th lbrtrrhp l tn n hh t t pl. In th ppr I l t th rltn btn nntnthntr ph nd h tr nd ndr th dvlpnt f prtl ph thn n th UK nd USA. I hv tn tt rr ttrbtd t nn b Sr nr : "En Chr dr n hr t, t r nht" — ht h nt l pht n ht (. Althh drn ph t ht ll ntr th nfrtn tht h tr rl prt f ph, ht ll pt t n th prt tht nn ntndd, nl tht h t hld b ntrl phlphr th brdr pr William H. Brock ptv nd nd thn tht f r nlt h t xpln phl ll hl prprt, rnh hl St r fndd n th 80 nd t d tht th t nd rp nd th prn (2. fr thn, ph (r, trtl pn, prt pl f tht nd ph. l ph ppd t thtl ph hh 2 ll. t. Ch. 2 (8 dd hv t n tn vr h prt f h rn f th ph lbrtr — fr undergradu- tr, rl nntnthntr txtb nfr. ates and certificated students ppd t lbr h lt 86, th xtn ntnt f hn Crll tr p l hn n Gl nd Mxll rh hrtlvd Laboratory rfr ll t h t Cbrd n hh dvnd (ptrdt tdnt l p, nt phl n. r nrd t hlp prfr th rrh t nthr , th pndrbl bd f ht, prbl (6. h pnr hr r ndbtdl t lht nd ltrt rnd prt f htr ntl b frr ht, Gr Cr tr nd rdr d thn th npt f nr nd ltrn Gthr, th n t Unvrt Cll ndn, th thr t n th 80 nd 860. It nt rprn, thr t th l Shl f Mn (r rl Shl f S fr, tht n nntnthntr ht h n t b n Sth Knntn. nd h pltl flld nn ltr phr n thr r dd th t n trn d fr prn rr n rh tvt, hn n fr r ltr dplnr rn htr fr nrtn n n ph th prptv f ph, r l pht thn n? t xn h n n trn nd l fr n ht. rd th t bv , nd thr n thrd. l AndréMr Apr, nr nlt, Gtv Mn, nd h Andr l prn t nd. GEOGE CAEY OSE (8 ( ll nn r th f ht h x pltd thr prtl lbrtr ll t rt th A h, nrv n nd n f nhr l n prr n ph t th vr t hn th b prntr, tr ndbtdl d dbt fr h rr jt rn n tn dpln n th t th rt thrtl ht f th 840 nd 80, 80. A Gr Cr tr rnd n 4, "th Alxndr Wll Wlln, th h tr td trnfrtn ..., fr ht nt pht d htr bfr brfl tn h prnl frl n phnnn...(" h prn tnt fr 8 t 88. In 88 Wlln pd pll bt t f th httrnd pht. tr ff t th ntnnt t td th Klé t Ghnt, th 60 nd 0, th 860 nd 80 r l n n r (nfntl rfr f xpr ldn fr n lbrtr nd d bld ntl ph t th Srbnn h h ntr n n Grt rtn (4. In 866 Cr tr bn t td n ltrl prbl, nd th n rvtdznt, th prtl ph t Unvrt Cll — t b fl Gr Qn, t dlbr — ppl f nn h ld thr r ltr b W. G. Ad t rvl Kn t pnd lft dvtd t rn nd l Cll. tn 8 nd 84 th Cvndh ph ltn dt n th prprt nd ntnt f trl l lbrtr pnd t th Unvrt f C (8. brd, th fttn dnd b Clr Mxll r th xprn tr rtrnd t rtn bd pn th xprn f th Clrndn lbrtr n 860 nt nl au fait th Klé trtrl thr, t Oxfrd nd f Wll hn lbrtr t bt th dft hnd n rnh nd Grn xprn Gl. In 84 lbrtr r pnd t th n tl ph. tn 8 nd 86 fnd tr l vl Cll t Grnh, nd n ll ddrn th rth Atn n rn nn r pnd t rtl nd d. In 88 Alfrd ltr (..,h rndd th tr l t n Wtrh th Unvrt Cll pnd n dt dffrn f H2 n rbn r, n th nl vrpl, th t xtrrdnr trd hl lb f Grhrdt homologous fr dffrn f C 2, rtr dnd b Cpbll rn Shffld nd n "rnt prr n rn htr." l rpndd th rth Cll n 8 nd th dd rt p h Ghnt r th Klé n hppr nd ndd n 880 th th pnn f Mn Cll n ppr d. On h rtrn Wlln hd fnd rnh nd th bnnn f th n Ct & Gld ptn fr tr n th prvt ndn lbrtr f f ndn Inttt bt bldn prr fr At Mtthn (nthr ppl f nn h thnl dtn — pltd n 884 nbr rtd t rtn n 8 hr tr prdd hnl Cll n th t f ndn nd n 88, t thnll xllnt r n th ntttn f th l Sth Knntn, th Wtrh lnt Qn ld nrtn. Anntl Cntrl Intttn (. Mnhl, n 862, n d t Wlln nd A pld, lthh th bl f th bldn t h Stth ntt, tr ppntd t hr tvt dvtd t pnn lrr nd bttr fl t Andrn Cll n Gl, nt hvr n h ttd htr lbrtr, th dd l th tr, bt n ntrl phlph. rfr, thrfr, tr bltd t ltr n th pt f ph ll. t. Ch. 2 (8 3 tht h bt n fr h trnn th Wlln Cll rtd th Cr tr h brtr tht ht, nd n nd Qn pht, dtrd n th 4 r, nd nld tht nl ht nd ltrt. h r bth bjt h hd trnd Enlnd nxt nrtn f pht tht h ntrbtd rtl n t nr Wtt Dictio- h Wll Artn, Olvr d, nd Abr nary of Chemistry n 86. (Indntll, h n f ln. tr rtrd n 88, nl t b d rn hv ntd th nfn f th pbltn hh pl (rvt f th Cll, hr h pld ldn hld b Wll Cr n th Chemical News rl n th nttn tht ld n 00 t th rnt n t pltn n fv vl n 868 "th rt ttn f th Unvrt f ndn bth thn t r hh Énlnd h vr prdd n h nd xnn bd. tr, [ndd] n f th rtt h h prdd n On ppl rlld (: n bjt (?" nrv nnr prvntd Cr tr vr b Whl tr n Stlnd, nd bldn n th n d ltrr, nd h flr n th rpt b f th ntrdtn f th S dr thn n d, n ddtn, t nntn tht d dn Unvrt, Wlln nd thr nr prfr t dfflt fr h t b ntnt th pl tt t Unvrt Cll prdd th drpt rfr nt tht h n t b nl n pprxt xpr f trl hlph, njn ttr, t t rl n f trth, nd t th t d h rl rtrnt. h trl hlph hr thn d tnt t dpt th tr thd f lltrtn vdd nt hr f thtl ph (rdd t phl l b th f pl, lthh ntrl th tr, h Arhr rt nd xprntl nr, xprntl dt. In pl f th, h ph, hh nt t tr n Otbr 86. A Kth lltrtn ld ftn nt f th tl rlt f lbrtr rnt, nd th nr t r h ntd n rvrd th (0, t th t, n dnt, nl th r f rthr xptnl tp, 86, Wlln htr llb, hh hd hth r pt t l bth ttntn nd ntrt n th d rt ntnd d dl f lntr ht, ltr tl f lbr pttn. t, nd pt, n b lt pltl h l b th bjt r n t b tht b ptn n hn tdnt h t ndt thr tr. h f thn ph prtl fr xprnt ftn nvlvd h tn vr pltl. htr hd bn n rtn bprdt f n hrtr nt nndl bt hrdl d dn ht fl pn t t n d p b Olvr d n th phr: " fr fr r rdd b th Unvrt f ndn. Cndn flnt, nd h nnt bt xprn tll, f r, h hn l rld vlbl hlf rrtl tht t h fld t xpr t fr th rpdl nrn nld f rn hlf t ll (4." htr tht ht l Wlln ntd t th (.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Elizabeth F. Lewis Phd Thesis
    PETER GUTHRIE TAIT NEW INSIGHTS INTO ASPECTS OF HIS LIFE AND WORK; AND ASSOCIATED TOPICS IN THE HISTORY OF MATHEMATICS Elizabeth Faith Lewis A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of St Andrews 2015 Full metadata for this item is available in St Andrews Research Repository at: http://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/ Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6330 This item is protected by original copyright PETER GUTHRIE TAIT NEW INSIGHTS INTO ASPECTS OF HIS LIFE AND WORK; AND ASSOCIATED TOPICS IN THE HISTORY OF MATHEMATICS ELIZABETH FAITH LEWIS This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Ph.D. at the University of St Andrews. 2014 1. Candidate's declarations: I, Elizabeth Faith Lewis, hereby certify that this thesis, which is approximately 59,000 words in length, has been written by me, and that it is the record of work carried out by me, or principally by myself in collaboration with others as acknowledged, and that it has not been submitted in any previous application for a higher degree. I was admitted as a research student in September 2010 and as a candidate for the degree of Ph.D. in September 2010; the higher study for which this is a record was carried out in the University of St Andrews between 2010 and 2014. Signature of candidate ...................................... Date .................... 2. Supervisor's declaration: I hereby certify that the candidate has fulfilled the conditions of the Resolution and Regulations appropriate for the degree of Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Former Fellows Biographical Index Part
    Former Fellows of The Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783 – 2002 Biographical Index Part One ISBN 0 902 198 84 X Published July 2006 © The Royal Society of Edinburgh 22-26 George Street, Edinburgh, EH2 2PQ BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX OF FORMER FELLOWS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH 1783 – 2002 PART I A-J C D Waterston and A Macmillan Shearer This is a print-out of the biographical index of over 4000 former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh as held on the Society’s computer system in October 2005. It lists former Fellows from the foundation of the Society in 1783 to October 2002. Most are deceased Fellows up to and including the list given in the RSE Directory 2003 (Session 2002-3) but some former Fellows who left the Society by resignation or were removed from the roll are still living. HISTORY OF THE PROJECT Information on the Fellowship has been kept by the Society in many ways – unpublished sources include Council and Committee Minutes, Card Indices, and correspondence; published sources such as Transactions, Proceedings, Year Books, Billets, Candidates Lists, etc. All have been examined by the compilers, who have found the Minutes, particularly Committee Minutes, to be of variable quality, and it is to be regretted that the Society’s holdings of published billets and candidates lists are incomplete. The late Professor Neil Campbell prepared from these sources a loose-leaf list of some 1500 Ordinary Fellows elected during the Society’s first hundred years. He listed name and forenames, title where applicable and national honours, profession or discipline, position held, some information on membership of the other societies, dates of birth, election to the Society and death or resignation from the Society and reference to a printed biography.
    [Show full text]
  • Mathematics in the Metropolis: a Survey of Victorian London
    HISTORIA MATHEMATICA 23 (1996), 376±417 ARTICLE NO. 0039 Mathematics in the Metropolis: A Survey of Victorian London ADRIAN RICE School of Mathematics and Statistics, Middlesex University, Bounds Green, View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk London N11 2NQ, United Kingdom brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector This paper surveys the teaching of university-level mathematics in various London institu- tions during the reign of Queen Victoria. It highlights some of the famous mathematicians who were involved for many years as teachers of this mathematics, including Augustus De Morgan, James Joseph Sylvester, and Karl Pearson. The paper also investigates the wide variety of teaching establishments, including mainly academic institutions (University College, King's College), the military colleges (Royal Military Academy, Woolwich and Royal Naval College, Greenwich), the women's colleges (Bedford and Queen's), and the technical colleges and polytechnics (e.g., Central Technical Institute) which began to appear during the latter part of this period. A comparison of teaching styles and courses offered is a fruitful way of exploring the rich development of university-level mathematics in London between 1837 and 1901. 1996 Academic Press, Inc. Cet ouvrage examine dans son ensemble l'enseignement matheÂmatique au niveau universi- taire dans diverses institutions aÁ Londres pendant la reÁgne de la Reine Victoria. Nous soulig- nons quelques matheÂmaticiens ceÂleÁbres qui participeÁrent dans ce milieu, par exemple, Au- gustus De Morgan, James Joseph Sylvester, et Karl Pearson. En plus, nous analysons les diverses grandes eÂcoles d'enseignement, y compris surtout des institutions acadeÂmiques (Uni- versity College, King's College), des eÂcoles militaires (Royal Military Academy, Woolwich et Royal Naval College, Greenwich), des eÂcoles de femmes (Bedford et Queen's), et des eÂcoles techniques et polytechniques (par exemple, Central Technical Institute) qui commencËaient aÁ apparaõÃtre durant la dernieÁre partie de cette peÂriode.
    [Show full text]
  • Biographical Index of Former RSE Fellows 1783-2002
    FORMER RSE FELLOWS 1783- 2002 SIR CHARLES ADAM OF BARNS 06/10/1780- JOHN JACOB. ABEL 19/05/1857- 26/05/1938 16/09/1853 Place of Birth: Cleveland, Ohio, USA. Date of Election: 05/04/1824. Date of Election: 03/07/1933. Profession: Royal Navy. Profession: Pharmacologist, Endocrinologist. Notes: Date of election: 1820 also reported in RSE Fellow Type: HF lists JOHN ABERCROMBIE 12/10/1780- 14/11/1844 Fellow Type: OF Place of Birth: Aberdeen. ROBERT ADAM 03/07/1728- 03/03/1792 Date of Election: 07/02/1831. Place of Birth: Kirkcaldy, Fife.. Profession: Physician, Author. Date of Election: 28/01/1788. Fellow Type: OF Profession: Architect. ALEXANDER ABERCROMBY, LORD ABERCROMBY Fellow Type: OF 15/10/1745- 17/11/1795 WILLIAM ADAM OF BLAIR ADAM 02/08/1751- Place of Birth: Clackmannanshire. 17/02/1839 Date of Election: 17/11/1783. Place of Birth: Kinross-shire. Profession: Advocate. Date of Election: 22/01/1816. Fellow Type: OF Profession: Advocate, Barrister, Politician. JAMES ABERCROMBY, BARON DUNFERMLINE Fellow Type: OF 07/11/1776- 17/04/1858 JOHN GEORGE ADAMI 12/01/1862- 29/08/1926 Date of Election: 07/02/1831. Place of Birth: Ashton-on-Mersey, Lancashire. Profession: Physician,Statesman. Date of Election: 17/01/1898. Fellow Type: OF Profession: Pathologist. JOHN ABERCROMBY, BARON ABERCROMBY Fellow Type: OF 15/01/1841- 07/10/1924 ARCHIBALD CAMPBELL ADAMS Date of Election: 07/02/1898. Date of Election: 19/12/1910. Profession: Philologist, Antiquary, Folklorist. Profession: Consulting Engineer. Fellow Type: OF Notes: Died 1918-19 RALPH ABERCROMBY, BARON DUNFERMLINE Fellow Type: OF 06/04/1803- 02/07/1868 JOHN COUCH ADAMS 05/06/1819- 21/01/1892 Date of Election: 19/01/1863.
    [Show full text]
  • Wireless Transformations: Studies in the History of Science and Technology Jed Buchwald, General Editor
    Wireless Transformations: Studies in the History of Science and Technology Jed Buchwald, general editor Sungook Hong, Wireless: From Marconi’s Black-Box to the Audion Myles Jackson, Spectrum of Belief: Joseph von Fraunhofer and the Craft of Precision Optics William R. Newman and Anthony Grafton, editors, Secrets of Nature: Astrology and Alchemy in Early Modern Europe Alan J. Rocke, Nationalizing Science: Adolphe Wurtz and the Battle for French Chemistry Wireless From Marconi’s Black-Box to the Audion Sungook Hong The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England © 2001 Massachusetts Institute of Technology All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the publisher. Set in Sabon by The MIT Press. Printed and bound in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Hong, Sungook. Wireless : from Marconi’s black-box to the audion / Sungook Hong. p. cm. — (Transformations: studies in the history of science and technology) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-262-08298-5 (hc. : alk. paper) 1. Radio—History. I. Title. II. Transformations (MIT Press) TK6547 .H66 2001 384.5'2'09034—dc21 2001030636 to my family This page intentionally left blank Contents Preface ix Acknowledgments xv 1 Hertzian Optics and Wireless Telegraphy 1 2 Inventing the Invention of Wireless Telegraphy: Marconi versus Lodge 25 3 Grafting Power Technology onto Wireless Telegraphy: Marconi and Fleming on Transatlantic Signaling 53 4 Tuning, Jamming, and the Maskelyne Affair 89 5 Transforming an Effect into an Artifact: The Thermionic Valve 119 6 The Audion and the Continuous Wave 155 Epilogue: The Making of the Radio Age 191 Appendix: Electron Theory and the “Good Earth” in Wireless Telegraphy 193 Notes 199 Bibliography 229 Index 245 This page intentionally left blank Preface As late as 1850 there was no awareness of electromagnetic waves.
    [Show full text]