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Profiles of State ISBN: 978-1-59237-865-4 2 Volume Set (New York State Directory and Profiles of New York State) ISBN: 978-1-59237-864-7 Table of Contents

Introduction Introduction ...... vii About New York State State Emblems...... ix Photo Gallery ...... xi Government Brief History and Organization ...... xv Congressional Districts (112th Congress) ...... xviii Percent of Population Who Voted for Barack Obama in 2008 ...... xix Land and Natural Resources State Summary ...... xxi New York State Energy Overview and Analysis ...... xxii Populated Places, Transportation and Physical Features...... xxv Federal Lands and Indian Reservations ...... xxvi Satellite View ...... xxvii Economic Losses from Hazard Events, 1960–2009...... xxviii Hazard Losses, 1960–2009...... xxix Demographic Maps Population...... xxxi Percent White ...... xxxii Percent Black ...... xxxiii Percent Asian ...... xxxiv Percent Hispanic ...... xxxv Median Age ...... xxxvi Median Household Income ...... xxxvii Median Home Value ...... xxxviii High School Graduates...... xxxix College Graduates ...... xl Core-Based Statistical Areas and Counties ...... xli User’s Guides Profiles...... xliii Education ...... lix Ancestry and Ethnicity...... lxiii Climate...... lxxi Profiles Alphabetical by County/Place ...... 1 Alphabetical Place Index ...... 663 Comparative Statistics ...... 679 Education Public School Profile ...... 712 School District Rankings ...... 713 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP)...... 741 State Report Card ...... 749 Ancestry and Ethnicity State Profile ...... 782 County Profiles...... 783 Place Profiles ...... 845 Ancestry Group Rankings ...... 889 Hispanic Origin Rankings ...... 909 Racial Group Rankings ...... 914 vi Table of Contents Profiles of New York State

Climate State Physical Features and Climate Narrative ...... 933 State Reference Map ...... 934 State Relief Map...... 935 Weather Stations Map ...... 936 Weather Stations by County...... 937 Weather Stations by City ...... 938 Weather Stations by Elevation ...... 940 National Weather Service Stations...... 941 Cooperative Weather Stations ...... 950 Weather Station Rankings ...... 959 Significant Storm Events ...... 970 About New York State

Governor ...... Andrew M. Cuomo Lieutenant Governor ...... BobDuffy 518-474-8390 STATE EMBLEMS State Animal ...... Beaver State Beverage...... Milk State Bird ...... Eastern Bluebird State Bush ...... Lilac bush (syringa vulgaris) State Fish (fresh water) ...... Brook Trout State Fish (salt water) ...... Striped bass (morone Saxatilis) State Flower ...... Rose State Fossil ...... Eurypterus Remipes State Fruit ...... Apple State Gem ...... Garnet State Insect ...... Lady bug (coccinella novemnotata) State Motto ...... Excelsior (Ever Upward) State Muffin ...... Apple (genus malus) State Reptile . . Common snapping turtle (chelydra serpentina) State Shell...... Bayscallop (argopecten irradians) State Tree ...... Sugar maple CONTENTS Photo Gallery ...... xi Government...... xv Land and Natural Resources ...... xxi Demographics ...... xxxi

0 mi 200 400 600 800 1000 Copyright © 1988-2003 Microsoft Corp. and/or its suppliers. All rights reserved. http://www.microsoft.com/mappoint © Copyright 2002 by Geographic Data Technology, Inc. All rights reserved. © 2002 Navigation Technologies. All rights reserved. This data includes information taken with permission from Canadian authorities © 1991-2002 Government of Canada (Statistics Canada and/or Geomatics Canada), all rights reserved. xii Photo Gallery Profiles of New York State

Agriculture is an important industry in New York. The farm pictured above is typical of the more than 34,000 working dairy farms in the northern region of the state.

Grand Central Terminal in New York City was built in 1871 and is the largest train station in the world, by number of platforms. This commuter rail terminal station has two levels, with restaurants and shopping throughout. GCT is reportedly the world’s sixth most visited tourist attraction, with approximately 21,600,000 visitors annually. Government

Brief History New York harbor was visited by Verrazano in 1524, and the Hudson River was first explored by Henry Hudson in 1609. The Dutch settled here permanently in 1624 and for 40 years they ruled over the colony of New Netherland. It was conquered by the English in 1664 and was then named New York in honor of the Duke of York.

Existing as a colony of Great Britain for over a century, New York declared its independence on July 9, 1776, becoming one of the original 13 states of the Federal Union. The next year, on April 20, 1777, New York's first constitution was adopted.

In many ways, New York State was the principal battleground of the Revolutionary War. The Battle of Saratoga was the turning point of the Revolution leading to the French alliance and eventual victory. New York City, long occupied by British troops, was evacuated on November 25, 1783 where, on December 4 at Fraunces Tavern, General George Washington bade farewell to his officers.

During the Revolutionary War, an election for the first governor took place and George Clinton was inaugurated as Governor at Kingston, July 30, 1777. New York City became the first capital of the new nation, where President George Washington was inaugurated on April 30, 1789. Albany became the capital of the State in January 1797.

In following years, New York's economic and industrial growth encouraged the title “The Empire State,” an expression possibly originated by George Washington in 1784.

The Erie Canal, completed in 1825, greatly enhanced the importance of the port of New York and caused populous towns and cities to spring up across the state. The Erie Canal was replaced by the Barge Canal in 1918, and the system of waterways was further expanded by the construction of the St. Lawrence Seaway.

Overland transportation grew rapidly from a system of turnpikes established in the early 1880s to the modern day Governor Thomas E. Dewey New York State Thruway. By 1853, railroads crossed the state in systems like the Erie and New York Central.

Located in New York harbor, the was formally presented to the U.S. Minister to France, Levi Parsons on July 4, 1884 by Ferdinand Lesseps, representing the Franco-American Union. President Grover Cleveland dedicated the Statue of Liberty on October 28, 1886, when the last rivet was put into place. Its famous inscription, “Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,” was the first symbol of America's mission.

The international character of New York City, the principal port for overseas commerce, and later for transcontinental and international airways, has been further enhanced by becoming the home of the United Nations, capital of the free world. Here the people of all nations and races come to discuss and try to solve the world's problems in a free and democratic climate.

As one of the wealthiest states, New York made tremendous strides in industry and commerce. The New York Stock Exchange, founded in 1792, has become the center of world finance. New York City also became a leading national center for art, music and literature, as exemplified by the Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Metropolitan Opera Company, and large publishing houses. Profiles of New York State Land and Natural Resources xxv R

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New York Syracuse Albany MILES national tions (feet) Albers equal area projection TRANSPORTATION PHYSICAL FEATURES PHYSICAL POPULATED PLACES POPULATED 020406080 rry U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Highest elevation in state (feet) Highest elevation Other eleva is sea level York in New elevation lowest The (Atlantic Ocean). 1,000,000 and over 100,000 – 499,999 25,000 – 99,999 24,999 and less State capital Urban areas Interstate; limited access highway Other principal highway Railroad Fe Streams Lakes Profiles of New York State Columbia County 97

3.6% 30 to 45 minutes, 0.0% 45 to 60 minutes, 10.9% 60 minutes or more Columbia County Government...... (518) 828-3339 (2006-2010 5-year est.) http://www.govt.co.columbia.ny.us Columbia County Chamber of Commerce ...... (518) 828-4417 Columbia County http://www.columbiachamber-ny.com Located in southeastern New York; bounded on the east by Columbia County Communities , and on the west by the Hudson River. Covers a land area of 635.73 square miles, a water area of 12.54 square miles, and is located ANCRAM (town). Covers a land area of 42.478 square miles and a in the Eastern Time Zone at 42.26° N. Lat., 73.65° W. Long. The county water area of 0.259 square miles. Located at 42.03° N. Lat; 73.58° W. was founded in 1786. County seat is Hudson. Long. Elevation is 518 feet. Population: 1,510 (1990); 1,513 (2000); 1,573 (2010); Density: 37.0 Columbia County is part of the Hudson, NY Micropolitan Statistical Area. persons per square mile (2010); Race: 96.4% White, 1.4% Black, 0.6% The entire metro area includes: Columbia County, NY Asian, 0.1% American Indian/Alaska Native, 0.0% Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander, 1.5% Other, 2.6% Hispanic of any race (2010); Average Weather Station: Hudson Correctionl Fac Elevation: 60 feet household size: 2.38 (2010); Median age: 48.2 (2010); Males per 100 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec females: 105.9 (2010); Marriage status: 27.1% never married, 58.0% now High 34 38 48 62 73 81 84 82 74 63 51 39 married, 4.7% widowed, 10.2% divorced (2006-2010 5-year est.); Foreign Low 16 19 27 37 47 57 61 60 53 41 33 23 born: 5.3% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Ancestry (includes multiple Precip 2.6 2.3 3.4 3.7 3.8 4.3 3.9 3.8 4.0 4.0 3.2 3.0 ancestries): 26.9% Irish, 23.3% German, 14.3% English, 8.0% Dutch, 7.9% Snow 11.0 7.4 4.8 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 1.0 6.2 American (2006-2010 5-year est.). High and Low temperatures in degrees Fahrenheit; Precipitation and Snow in inches Economy: Single-family building permits issued: 1 (2011); Multi-family Weather Station: Valatie 1 N Elevation: 299 feet building permits issued: 0 (2011); Employment by occupation: 13.9% Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec management, 4.4% professional, 10.9% services, 14.4% sales, 3.7% High 32 36 44 58 69 78 82 81 73 61 49 37 farming, 12.0% construction, 4.7% production (2006-2010 5-year est.). Low 13 16 24 35 46 55 59 58 50 38 31 19 Income: Per capita income: $37,193 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median Precip 2.1 1.9 2.8 3.7 4.1 4.5 4.1 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.3 2.6 household income: $59,844 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Average household Snow 10.8 8.1 6.4 2.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 2.4 11.1 income: $85,130 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Percent of households with High and Low temperatures in degrees Fahrenheit; Precipitation and Snow in inches income of $100,000 or more: 18.7% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Poverty rate: 9.2% (2006-2010 5-year est.). Population: 62,982 (1990); 63,094 (2000); 63,096 (2010); Race: 90.6% Education: Percent of population age 25 and over with: High school White, 4.5% Black, 1.6% Asian, 0.2% American Indian/Alaska Native, 0.0% diploma (including GED) or higher: 83.2% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander, 3.1% Other, 3.9% Hispanic of any Bachelor’s degree or higher: 23.2% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Master’s race (2010); Density: 99.2 persons per square mile (2010); Average degree or higher: 10.8% (2006-2010 5-year est.). household size: 2.35 (2010); Median age: 45.3 (2010); Males per 100 Housing: Homeownership rate: 79.7% (2010); Median home value: females: 101.4 (2010). $248,800 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median contract rent: $772 per month Religion: Six largest groups: 24.4% Catholicism, 3.5% Methodist/Pietist, (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median year structure built: 1971 (2006-2010 3.1% Lutheran, 3.0% Presbyterian-Reformed, 1.3% 5-year est.). Episcopalianism/Anglicanism, 1.2% Non-Denominational (2010) Transportation: Commute to work: 81.1% car, 4.2% public transportation, Economy: Unemployment rate: 8.4% (February 2012); Total civilian labor 4.2% walk, 9.0% work from home (2006-2010 5-year est.); Travel time to force: 29,711 (February 2012); Leading industries: 27.3% health care and work: 35.8% less than 15 minutes, 25.8% 15 to 30 minutes, 22.1% 30 to 45 social assistance; 16.1% retail trade; 10.1% manufacturing (2009); Farms: minutes, 9.0% 45 to 60 minutes, 7.2% 60 minutes or more (2006-2010 554 totaling 106,574 acres (2007); Companies that employ 500 or more 5-year est.) persons: 1 (2009); Companies that employ 100 to 499 persons: 16 (2009); Companies that employ less than 100 persons: 1,707 (2009); Black-owned ANCRAMDALE (unincorporated postal area) businesses: n/a (2007); Hispanic-owned businesses: n/a (2007); Zip Code: 12503 Asian-owned businesses: n/a (2007); Women-owned businesses: 1,947 Covers a land area of 21.029 square miles and a water area of 0.157 (2007); Retail sales per capita: $11,880 (2010). Single-family building square miles. Located at 42.03° N. Lat; 73.58° W. Long. Elevation is 548 permits issued: 59 (2011); Multi-family building permits issued: 3 (2011). feet. Population: 775 (2010); Density: 36.9 persons per square mile Income: Per capita income: $31,844 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median (2010); Race: 95.9% White, 1.7% Black, 0.4% Asian, 0.3% American household income: $55,546 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Average household Indian/Alaska Native, 0.0% Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander, 1.7% income: $78,049 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Percent of households with Other, 2.6% Hispanic of any race (2010); Average household size: 2.47 income of $100,000 or more: 23.1% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Poverty rate: (2010); Median age: 47.3 (2010); Males per 100 females: 107.2 (2010); 9.5% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Bankruptcy rate: 2.32% (2011). Homeownership rate: 81.9% (2010) Taxes: Total county taxes per capita: $1,394 (2009); County property taxes per capita: $662 (2009). AUSTERLITZ (town). Covers a land area of 48.722 square miles and Education: Percent of population age 25 and over with: High school a water area of 0.091 square miles. Located at 42.31° N. Lat; 73.51° W. diploma (including GED) or higher: 87.0% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Long. Elevation is 1,129 feet. Bachelor’s degree or higher: 28.2% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Master’s Population: 1,456 (1990); 1,453 (2000); 1,654 (2010); Density: 33.9 degree or higher: 12.9% (2006-2010 5-year est.). persons per square mile (2010); Race: 96.6% White, 0.7% Black, 1.0% Housing: Homeownership rate: 71.6% (2010); Median home value: Asian, 0.2% American Indian/Alaska Native, 0.0% Native Hawaiian/Other $221,900 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median contract rent: $609 per month Pacific Islander, 1.5% Other, 1.6% Hispanic of any race (2010); Average (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median year structure built: 1960 (2006-2010 household size: 2.28 (2010); Median age: 50.0 (2010); Males per 100 5-year est.) females: 102.4 (2010); Marriage status: 18.6% never married, 74.1% now Health: Birth rate: 84.9 per 10,000 population (2011); Death rate: 98.0 per married, 1.3% widowed, 6.0% divorced (2006-2010 5-year est.); Foreign 10,000 population (2011); Age-adjusted cancer mortality rate: 179.9 deaths born: 6.7% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Ancestry (includes multiple per 100,000 population (2009); Number of physicians: 18.1 per 10,000 ancestries): 22.2% American, 18.3% German, 14.1% Irish, 13.7% Italian, population (2008); Hospital beds: 37.2 per 10,000 population (2007); 8.8% English (2006-2010 5-year est.). Hospital admissions: 983.2 per 10,000 population (2007). Economy: Single-family building permits issued: 4 (2011); Multi-family Elections: 2008 Presidential election results: 55.9% Obama, 42.4% building permits issued: 0 (2011); Employment by occupation: 13.0% McCain, 0.8% Nader management, 4.5% professional, 9.5% services, 11.2% sales, 2.5% National and State Parks: Beebe Hill State Forest; Clermont State Park; farming, 12.1% construction, 4.0% production (2006-2010 5-year est.). Lake Taghkanic State Park; Martin Van Buren National Historic Site; Income: Per capita income: $39,321 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median household income: $66,413 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Average household Additional Information Contacts income: $96,306 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Percent of households with 98 Columbia County Profiles of New York State

income of $100,000 or more: 25.3% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Poverty rate: income of $100,000 or more: 17.2% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Poverty rate: 3.6% (2006-2010 5-year est.). 8.5% (2006-2010 5-year est.). Education: Percent of population age 25 and over with: High school Education: Percent of population age 25 and over with: High school diploma (including GED) or higher: 93.6% (2006-2010 5-year est.); diploma (including GED) or higher: 90.7% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Bachelor’s degree or higher: 39.9% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Master’s Bachelor’s degree or higher: 34.2% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Master’s degree or higher: 16.7% (2006-2010 5-year est.). degree or higher: 12.9% (2006-2010 5-year est.). Housing: Homeownership rate: 85.5% (2010); Median home value: School District(s) $353,900 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median contract rent: $572 per month Chatham Central School District (KG-12) (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median year structure built: 1973 (2006-2010 2009-10 Enrollment: 1,255 ...... (518) 392-1501 5-year est.). Housing: Homeownership rate: 48.8% (2010); Median home value: Transportation: Commute to work: 77.2% car, 0.6% public transportation, $203,800 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median contract rent: $590 per month 6.4% walk, 14.7% work from home (2006-2010 5-year est.); Travel time to (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median year structure built: before 1940 work: 29.4% less than 15 minutes, 31.9% 15 to 30 minutes, 23.5% 30 to 45 (2006-2010 5-year est.). minutes, 6.8% 45 to 60 minutes, 8.4% 60 minutes or more (2006-2010 Safety: Violent crime rate: 91.5 per 10,000 population; Property crime rate: 5-year est.) 372.2 per 10,000 population (2010). Transportation: Commute to work: 83.3% car, 1.5% public transportation, CANAAN (town). Covers a land area of 36.676 square miles and a 10.0% walk, 3.9% work from home (2006-2010 5-year est.); Travel time to water area of 0.279 square miles. Located at 42.40° N. Lat; 73.46° W. work: 33.2% less than 15 minutes, 30.5% 15 to 30 minutes, 16.7% 30 to 45 Long. Elevation is 850 feet. minutes, 11.2% 45 to 60 minutes, 8.4% 60 minutes or more (2006-2010 Population: 1,773 (1990); 1,820 (2000); 1,710 (2010); Density: 46.6 5-year est.) persons per square mile (2010); Race: 92.6% White, 4.3% Black, 0.8% Asian, 0.1% American Indian/Alaska Native, 0.0% Native Hawaiian/Other CHATHAM (town). Covers a land area of 53.226 square miles and a Pacific Islander, 2.2% Other, 2.2% Hispanic of any race (2010); Average water area of 0.316 square miles. Located at 42.42° N. Lat; 73.58° W. household size: 2.35 (2010); Median age: 45.6 (2010); Males per 100 Long. Elevation is 463 feet. females: 110.9 (2010); Marriage status: 62.5% never married, 30.3% now History: Incorporated 1869. married, 2.7% widowed, 4.4% divorced (2006-2010 5-year est.); Foreign Population: 4,413 (1990); 4,249 (2000); 4,128 (2010); Density: 77.6 born: 1.5% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Ancestry (includes multiple persons per square mile (2010); Race: 94.7% White, 1.9% Black, 0.7% ancestries): 17.5% American, 14.1% German, 10.6% English, 9.5% Irish, Asian, 0.1% American Indian/Alaska Native, 0.0% Native Hawaiian/Other 8.3% Polish (2006-2010 5-year est.). Pacific Islander, 2.6% Other, 2.2% Hispanic of any race (2010); Average Economy: Single-family building permits issued: 2 (2011); Multi-family household size: 2.30 (2010); Median age: 48.3 (2010); Males per 100 building permits issued: 0 (2011); Employment by occupation: 8.9% females: 99.7 (2010); Marriage status: 20.9% never married, 64.2% now management, 2.7% professional, 9.4% services, 14.0% sales, 14.1% married, 4.3% widowed, 10.5% divorced (2006-2010 5-year est.); Foreign farming, 13.7% construction, 2.7% production (2006-2010 5-year est.). born: 6.1% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Ancestry (includes multiple Income: Per capita income: $23,249 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median ancestries): 25.7% German, 21.3% Italian, 20.8% Irish, 19.6% English, household income: $74,306 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Average household 12.7% American (2006-2010 5-year est.). income: $98,704 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Percent of households with Economy: Single-family building permits issued: 6 (2011); Multi-family income of $100,000 or more: 30.8% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Poverty rate: building permits issued: 0 (2011); Employment by occupation: 18.2% 3.2% (2006-2010 5-year est.). management, 5.5% professional, 6.3% services, 12.1% sales, 4.5% Education: Percent of population age 25 and over with: High school farming, 5.7% construction, 2.5% production (2006-2010 5-year est.). diploma (including GED) or higher: 96.9% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Income: Per capita income: $48,976 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median Bachelor’s degree or higher: 43.3% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Master’s household income: $75,954 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Average household degree or higher: 21.9% (2006-2010 5-year est.). income: $113,442 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Percent of households with School District(s) income of $100,000 or more: 37.0% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Poverty rate: Berkshire Union Free School District (07-11) 6.9% (2006-2010 5-year est.). 2009-10 Enrollment: 76 ...... (518) 781-3500 Education: Percent of population age 25 and over with: High school Housing: Homeownership rate: 84.7% (2010); Median home value: diploma (including GED) or higher: 93.2% (2006-2010 5-year est.); $258,700 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median contract rent: $680 per month Bachelor’s degree or higher: 43.5% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Master’s (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median year structure built: 1951 (2006-2010 degree or higher: 22.1% (2006-2010 5-year est.). 5-year est.). School District(s) Transportation: Commute to work: 72.1% car, 2.3% public transportation, Chatham Central School District (KG-12) 3.0% walk, 22.3% work from home (2006-2010 5-year est.); Travel time to 2009-10 Enrollment: 1,255 ...... (518) 392-1501 work: 28.3% less than 15 minutes, 27.8% 15 to 30 minutes, 26.8% 30 to 45 Housing: Homeownership rate: 77.7% (2010); Median home value: minutes, 13.9% 45 to 60 minutes, 3.2% 60 minutes or more (2006-2010 $289,500 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median contract rent: $567 per month 5-year est.) (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median year structure built: 1957 (2006-2010 5-year est.). CHATHAM (village). Covers a land area of 1.236 square miles and a Transportation: Commute to work: 83.8% car, 2.9% public transportation, water area of 0.004 square miles. Located at 42.36° N. Lat; 73.59° W. 4.9% walk, 7.8% work from home (2006-2010 5-year est.); Travel time to Long. Elevation is 463 feet. work: 24.5% less than 15 minutes, 31.3% 15 to 30 minutes, 31.6% 30 to 45 Population: 1,920 (1990); 1,758 (2000); 1,770 (2010); Density: 1,431.0 minutes, 6.5% 45 to 60 minutes, 6.1% 60 minutes or more (2006-2010 persons per square mile (2010); Race: 88.8% White, 3.4% Black, 2.0% 5-year est.) Asian, 0.3% American Indian/Alaska Native, 0.1% Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander, 5.4% Other, 5.0% Hispanic of any race (2010); Average CLAVERACK (town). Covers a land area of 47.558 square miles and household size: 2.20 (2010); Median age: 43.4 (2010); Males per 100 a water area of 0.389 square miles. Located at 42.21° N. Lat; 73.68° W. females: 96.4 (2010); Marriage status: 30.2% never married, 50.1% now Long. Elevation is 203 feet. married, 6.1% widowed, 13.7% divorced (2006-2010 5-year est.); Foreign History: Fine old buildings include Van Rensselaer manor house; former born: 5.0% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Ancestry (includes multiple county courthouse (built 1786). ancestries): 23.5% Irish, 21.1% German, 15.7% English, 14.2% Italian, Population: 6,414 (1990); 6,401 (2000); 6,021 (2010); Density: 126.6 11.0% American (2006-2010 5-year est.). persons per square mile (2010); Race: 93.4% White, 3.0% Black, 0.7% Economy: Single-family building permits issued: 0 (2011); Multi-family Asian, 0.1% American Indian/Alaska Native, 0.0% Native Hawaiian/Other building permits issued: 0 (2011); Employment by occupation: 15.7% Pacific Islander, 2.8% Other, 3.4% Hispanic of any race (2010); Average management, 3.9% professional, 9.5% services, 17.1% sales, 4.4% household size: 2.33 (2010); Median age: 46.2 (2010); Males per 100 farming, 6.3% construction, 3.3% production (2006-2010 5-year est.). females: 99.0 (2010); Marriage status: 28.7% never married, 45.0% now Income: Per capita income: $26,804 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median married, 11.6% widowed, 14.7% divorced (2006-2010 5-year est.); Foreign household income: $51,528 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Average household born: 4.4% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Ancestry (includes multiple income: $63,206 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Percent of households with Profiles of New York State Columbia County 99

ancestries): 25.9% German, 16.3% Irish, 12.7% Italian, 11.6% English, management, 4.9% professional, 14.7% services, 11.4% sales, 4.2% 10.3% Dutch (2006-2010 5-year est.). farming, 15.5% construction, 5.7% production (2006-2010 5-year est.). Economy: Single-family building permits issued: 6 (2011); Multi-family Income: Per capita income: $29,615 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median building permits issued: 0 (2011); Employment by occupation: 13.6% household income: $65,682 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Average household management, 3.2% professional, 7.9% services, 13.9% sales, 2.4% income: $81,906 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Percent of households with farming, 13.5% construction, 7.3% production (2006-2010 5-year est.). income of $100,000 or more: 25.6% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Poverty rate: Income: Per capita income: $31,965 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median 9.2% (2006-2010 5-year est.). household income: $52,857 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Average household Education: Percent of population age 25 and over with: High school income: $78,372 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Percent of households with diploma (including GED) or higher: 83.1% (2006-2010 5-year est.); income of $100,000 or more: 18.7% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Poverty rate: Bachelor’s degree or higher: 25.4% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Master’s 8.5% (2006-2010 5-year est.). degree or higher: 13.0% (2006-2010 5-year est.). Education: Percent of population age 25 and over with: High school Housing: Homeownership rate: 75.6% (2010); Median home value: diploma (including GED) or higher: 86.1% (2006-2010 5-year est.); $279,200 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median contract rent: $688 per month Bachelor’s degree or higher: 25.3% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Master’s (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median year structure built: 1978 (2006-2010 degree or higher: 10.6% (2006-2010 5-year est.). 5-year est.). Housing: Homeownership rate: 75.2% (2010); Median home value: Transportation: Commute to work: 83.6% car, 0.5% public transportation, $177,100 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median contract rent: $714 per month 6.2% walk, 9.3% work from home (2006-2010 5-year est.); Travel time to (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median year structure built: 1956 (2006-2010 work: 28.5% less than 15 minutes, 33.5% 15 to 30 minutes, 21.7% 30 to 45 5-year est.). minutes, 7.3% 45 to 60 minutes, 8.9% 60 minutes or more (2006-2010 Transportation: Commute to work: 85.4% car, 1.7% public transportation, 5-year est.) 1.7% walk, 9.8% work from home (2006-2010 5-year est.); Travel time to work: 41.6% less than 15 minutes, 35.6% 15 to 30 minutes, 11.4% 30 to 45 COPAKE (town). Covers a land area of 40.761 square miles and a minutes, 6.5% 45 to 60 minutes, 4.9% 60 minutes or more (2006-2010 water area of 1.279 square miles. Located at 42.12° N. Lat; 73.54° W. 5-year est.) Long. Elevation is 545 feet. Population: 3,118 (1990); 3,278 (2000); 3,615 (2010); Density: 88.7 CLAVERACK-RED MILLS (CDP). Covers a land area of 2.978 persons per square mile (2010); Race: 96.0% White, 0.9% Black, 0.7% square miles and a water area of 0.018 square miles. Located at 42.22° N. Asian, 0.1% American Indian/Alaska Native, 0.1% Native Hawaiian/Other Lat; 73.72° W. Long. Pacific Islander, 2.2% Other, 3.6% Hispanic of any race (2010); Average Population: 1,152 (1990); 1,061 (2000); 913 (2010); Density: 306.6 household size: 2.37 (2010); Median age: 45.8 (2010); Males per 100 persons per square mile (2010); Race: 95.9% White, 1.9% Black, 0.7% females: 99.2 (2010); Marriage status: 23.9% never married, 64.0% now Asian, 0.1% American Indian/Alaska Native, 0.0% Native Hawaiian/Other married, 4.2% widowed, 7.9% divorced (2006-2010 5-year est.); Foreign Pacific Islander, 1.4% Other, 1.4% Hispanic of any race (2010); Average born: 4.4% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Ancestry (includes multiple household size: 2.05 (2010); Median age: 52.4 (2010); Males per 100 ancestries): 21.6% German, 17.6% Italian, 16.2% Irish, 13.1% English, females: 98.5 (2010); Marriage status: 31.6% never married, 37.6% now 12.9% American (2006-2010 5-year est.). married, 11.4% widowed, 19.4% divorced (2006-2010 5-year est.); Foreign Economy: Single-family building permits issued: 5 (2011); Multi-family born: 2.1% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Ancestry (includes multiple building permits issued: 0 (2011); Employment by occupation: 16.0% ancestries): 27.1% English, 19.7% Irish, 14.6% German, 13.7% Dutch, management, 4.0% professional, 12.8% services, 15.5% sales, 5.0% 12.8% Scotch-Irish (2006-2010 5-year est.). farming, 7.6% construction, 1.0% production (2006-2010 5-year est.). Economy: Employment by occupation: 18.1% management, 0.0% Income: Per capita income: $41,046 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median professional, 11.2% services, 8.6% sales, 0.0% farming, 2.6% household income: $68,929 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Average household construction, 0.0% production (2006-2010 5-year est.). income: $105,086 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Percent of households with Income: Per capita income: $34,003 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median income of $100,000 or more: 32.0% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Poverty rate: household income: $67,061 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Average household 8.3% (2006-2010 5-year est.). income: $62,141 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Percent of households with Education: Percent of population age 25 and over with: High school income of $100,000 or more: 5.2% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Poverty rate: diploma (including GED) or higher: 91.7% (2006-2010 5-year est.); 7.8% (2006-2010 5-year est.). Bachelor’s degree or higher: 31.0% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Master’s Education: Percent of population age 25 and over with: High school degree or higher: 16.6% (2006-2010 5-year est.). diploma (including GED) or higher: 96.2% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Housing: Homeownership rate: 75.2% (2010); Median home value: Bachelor’s degree or higher: 38.0% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Master’s $215,900 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median contract rent: $815 per month degree or higher: 10.5% (2006-2010 5-year est.). (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median year structure built: 1967 (2006-2010 Housing: Homeownership rate: 78.2% (2010); Median home value: 5-year est.). $170,300 (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median contract rent: $735 per month Safety: Violent crime rate: 3.1 per 10,000 population; Property crime rate: (2006-2010 5-year est.); Median year structure built: 1954 (2006-2010 78.4 per 10,000 population (2010). 5-year est.). Transportation: Commute to work: 82.6% car, 2.5% public transportation, Transportation: Commute to work: 91.2% car, 0.0% public transportation, 3.0% walk, 9.1% work from home (2006-2010 5-year est.); Travel time to 0.0% walk, 8.8% work from home (2006-2010 5-year est.); Travel time to work: 21.8% less than 15 minutes, 26.7% 15 to 30 minutes, 23.9% 30 to 45 work: 51.8% less than 15 minutes, 13.8% 15 to 30 minutes, 4.2% 30 to 45 minutes, 11.0% 45 to 60 minutes, 16.6% 60 minutes or more (2006-2010 minutes, 14.3% 45 to 60 minutes, 15.9% 60 minutes or more (2006-2010 5-year est.) 5-year est.) COPAKE FALLS (unincorporated postal area) CLERMONT (town). Covers a land area of 17.996 square miles and a Zip Code: 12517 water area of 1.196 square miles. Located at 42.08° N. Lat; 73.85° W. Covers a land area of 10.459 square miles and a water area of 0.015 Long. Elevation is 223 feet. square miles. Located at 42.11° N. Lat; 73.50° W. Long. Elevation is 643 Population: 1,443 (1990); 1,726 (2000); 1,965 (2010); Density: 109.2 feet. Population: 509 (2010); Density: 48.7 persons per square mile persons per square mile (2010); Race: 94.4% White, 0.8% Black, 1.2% (2010); Race: 94.7% White, 1.8% Black, 0.4% Asian, 0.0% American Asian, 0.3% American Indian/Alaska Native, 0.1% Native Hawaiian/Other Indian/Alaska Native, 0.0% Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander, 3.1% Pacific Islander, 3.2% Other, 5.2% Hispanic of any race (2010); Average Other, 8.1% Hispanic of any race (2010); Average household size: 2.35 household size: 2.63 (2010); Median age: 43.8 (2010); Males per 100 (2010); Median age: 44.3 (2010); Males per 100 females: 104.4 (2010); females: 103.2 (2010); Marriage status: 29.2% never married, 52.5% now Homeownership rate: 65.3% (2010) married, 6.6% widowed, 11.7% divorced (2006-2010 5-year est.); Foreign born: 4.3% (2006-2010 5-year est.); Ancestry (includes multiple COPAKE LAKE (CDP). Covers a land area of 9.509 square miles ancestries): 28.6% German, 27.1% Irish, 18.7% Italian, 9.6% English, 9.2% and a water area of 0.804 square miles. Located at 42.14° N. Lat; 73.59° Dutch (2006-2010 5-year est.). W. Long. Elevation is 719 feet. Economy: Single-family building permits issued: 3 (2011); Multi-family Population: 606 (1990); 762 (2000); 823 (2010); Density: 86.5 persons per building permits issued: 0 (2011); Employment by occupation: 12.8% square mile (2010); Race: 97.6% White, 0.5% Black, 0.4% Asian, 0.4% Profiles of New York State National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) 743

New York Reading Grade 4 2011 State Snapshot Report Public Schools

Overall Results Achievement-Level Percentages and Average Score Results In 2011, the average score of fourth-grade students in New York was 222. This was higher than the average score of 220 for public school students in the nation. The average score for students in New York in 2011 (222) was not significantly different from their average score in 2009 (224) and was higher than their average score in 1992 (215). In 2011, the score gap between students in New York at the 75th percentile and students at the 25th percentile was 47 points. This performance gap was not significantly different from that of 1992 (46 points). The percentage of students in New York who performed at or above the NAEP Proficient level was 35 percent in 2011. This percentage was not significantly different from that in 2009 (36 percent) and was greater than that in 1992 (27 percent). The percentage of students in New York who performed at or above the NAEP Basic level was 68 percent in 2011. This * Significantly different (p < .05) from state's results in 2011. Significance percentage was not significantly different from that in 2009 (71 tests were performed using unrounded numbers. percent) and was greater than that in 1992 (61 percent). a Accommodations not permitted. For information about NAEP accommodations, see http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/about/inclusion.asp.

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Compare the Average Score in 2011 to Other States/Jurisdictions Average Scores for State/Jurisdiction and Nation (public)

¹ Department of Defense Education Activity (overseas and domestic schools). In 2011, the average score in New York (222) was lower than those in 10 states/jurisdictions * Significantly different (p < .05) from 2011. Significance tests were higher than those in 17 states/jurisdictions performed using unrounded numbers. not significantly different from those in 24 states/jurisdictions NOTE: For information about NAEP accommodations, see http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/about/inclusion.asp. Results for Student Groups in 2011 Score Gaps for Student Groups Percentages at In 2011, Black students had an average score that was 24 or above Percent of Avg. Percent at points lower than White students. This performance gap Reporting groups students score Basic Proficient Advanced Race/Ethnicity was not significantly different from that in 1992 (27 points). White 48 232 79 46 12 In 2011, Hispanic students had an average score that was Black 20 208 52 18 3 24 points lower than White students. This performance gap Hispanic 20 209 54 20 3 was narrower than that in 1992 (42 points). Asian 10 235 80 49 17 In 2011, female students in New York had an average American Indian/Alaska Native 1 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander # ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ score that was higher than male students by 6 points. Two or more races 1 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ In 2011, students who were eligible for free/reduced-price Gender school lunch, an indicator of low family income, had an Male 50 219 65 32 8 average score that was 24 points lower than students who Female 50 226 71 38 10 were not eligible for free/reduced-price school lunch. This National School Lunch Program Eligible 55 212 57 23 4 performance gap was narrower than that in 1998 (35 Not eligible 43 236 82 49 14 points).

# Rounds to zero. ‡ Reporting standards not met.

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding, and because the "Information not available" category for the National School Lunch Program, which provides free/reduced-price lunches, is not displayed. Black includes African American and Hispanic includes Latino. Race categories exclude Hispanic origin. NOTE: Statistical comparisons are calculated on the basis of unrounded scale scores or percentages. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), various years, 1992–2011 Reading Assessments. 820 Ancestry and Ethnicity: County Profiles Profiles of New York State

Oswego County Polish (2,367) 7,803 6.38 Comanche (0) 0 <0.01

Population: 122,109 † Portuguese (79) 149 0.12 Cree (0) 3 <0.01 Romanian (0) 39 0.03 Creek (1) 2 <0.01

Ancestry‡ Population % Russian (323) 984 0.81 Crow (1) 2 <0.01 Afghan (50) 50 0.04 Scandinavian (20) 46 0.04 Delaware (1) 5 <0.01 African, Sub-Saharan (105) 109 0.09 Scotch-Irish (714) 1,948 1.59 Hopi (0) 0 <0.01 African (22) 26 0.02 Scottish (710) 2,653 2.17 Houma (0) 0 <0.01 Cape Verdean (0) 0 <0.01 Serbian (0) 22 0.02 Inupiat (Alaska Native) (0) 0 <0.01 Ethiopian (0) 0 <0.01 Slavic (2) 13 0.01 Iroquois (212) 430 0.35 Ghanaian (30) 30 0.02 Slovak (50) 114 0.09 Kiowa (0) 0 <0.01 Kenyan (6) 6 <0.01 Slovene (0) 24 0.02 Lumbee (0) 0 <0.01 Liberian (0) 0 <0.01 Soviet Union (0) 0 <0.01 Menominee (0) 0 <0.01 Nigerian (0) 0 <0.01 Swedish (164) 837 0.68 Mexican American Ind. (6) 9 0.01 Senegalese (19) 19 0.02 Swiss (92) 340 0.28 Navajo (2) 5 <0.01 Sierra Leonean (0) 0 <0.01 Turkish (0) 23 0.02 Osage (0) 0 <0.01 Somalian (0) 0 <0.01 Ukrainian (393) 1,111 0.91 Ottawa (0) 0 <0.01 South African (16) 16 0.01 Welsh (167) 1,232 1.01 Paiute (0) 0 <0.01 Sudanese (0) 0 <0.01 West Indian, ex. Hispanic (98) 226 0.18 Pima (0) 0 <0.01 Ugandan (0) 0 <0.01 Bahamian (0) 0 <0.01 Potawatomi (0) 0 <0.01 Zimbabwean (0) 0 <0.01 Barbadian (12) 12 0.01 Pueblo (0) 1 <0.01 Other Sub-Saharan African (12) 12 0.01 Belizean (0) 12 0.01 Puget Sound Salish (0) 0 <0.01 Albanian (0) 3 <0.01 Bermudan (0) 0 <0.01 Seminole (0) 2 <0.01 Alsatian (0) 0 <0.01 British West Indian (0) 15 0.01 Shoshone (0) 0 <0.01 American (6,704) 6,704 5.49 Dutch West Indian (0) 0 <0.01 Sioux (13) 31 0.03 Arab (63) 291 0.24 Haitian (73) 73 0.06 South American Ind. (6) 16 0.01 Arab (0) 0 <0.01 Jamaican (13) 72 0.06 Spanish American Ind. (2) 2 <0.01 Egyptian (10) 10 0.01 Trinidadian/Tobagonian (0) 42 0.03 Tlingit-Haida (Alaska Native) (0) 0 <0.01 Iraqi (0) 0 <0.01 U.S. Virgin Islander (0) 0 <0.01 Tohono O’Odham (0) 0 <0.01 Jordanian (0) 0 <0.01 West Indian (0) 0 <0.01 Tsimshian (Alaska Native) (0) 0 <0.01 Lebanese (40) 195 0.16 Other West Indian (0) 0 <0.01 Ute (0) 1 <0.01 Moroccan (0) 0 <0.01 Yugoslavian (0) 42 0.03 Yakama (0) 1 <0.01 Palestinian (0) 0 <0.01 Yaqui (0) 0 <0.01 Syrian (13) 74 0.06 Hispanic Origin Population % Yuman (0) 0 <0.01 Other Arab (0) 12 0.01 Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 2,552 2.09 Yup’ik (Alaska Native) (0) 0 <0.01 Armenian (34) 92 0.08 Central American, ex. Mexican 140 0.11 Asian (723) 986 0.81 Assyrian/Chaldean/Syriac (0) 0 <0.01 Costa Rican 8 0.01 Not Hispanic (709) 947 0.78 Australian (0) 0 <0.01 Guatemalan 66 0.05 Hispanic (14) 39 0.03 Austrian (62) 235 0.19 Honduran 17 0.01 Bangladeshi (2) 2 <0.01 Basque (0) 0 <0.01 Nicaraguan 4 <0.01 Bhutanese (0) 0 <0.01 Belgian (12) 94 0.08 Panamanian 18 0.01 Burmese (1) 1 <0.01 Brazilian (17) 17 0.01 Salvadoran 27 0.02 Cambodian (0) 1 <0.01 British (200) 394 0.32 Other Central American 0 <0.01 Chinese, ex. Taiwanese (234) 269 0.22 Bulgarian (0) 0 <0.01 Cuban 65 0.05 Filipino (139) 222 0.18 Cajun (0) 15 0.01 Dominican Republic 97 0.08 Hmong (0) 0 <0.01 Canadian (347) 837 0.68 Mexican 641 0.52 Indian (100) 137 0.11 Carpatho Rusyn (0) 28 0.02 Puerto Rican 1,193 0.98 Indonesian (1) 4 <0.01 Celtic (15) 15 0.01 South American 155 0.13 Japanese (46) 82 0.07 Croatian (31) 254 0.21 Argentinean 19 0.02 Korean (104) 134 0.11 Cypriot (0) 0 <0.01 Bolivian 3 <0.01 Laotian (0) 0 <0.01 Czech (72) 356 0.29 Chilean 11 0.01 Malaysian (1) 1 <0.01 Czechoslovakian (62) 112 0.09 Colombian 49 0.04 Nepalese (0) 0 <0.01 Danish (82) 255 0.21 Ecuadorian 37 0.03 Pakistani (16) 16 0.01 Dutch (661) 4,758 3.89 Paraguayan 2 <0.01 Sri Lankan (4) 4 <0.01 Eastern European (42) 65 0.05 Peruvian 25 0.02 Taiwanese (1) 6 <0.01 English (5,611) 18,945 15.50 Uruguayan 2 <0.01 Thai (14) 32 0.03 Estonian (0) 0 <0.01 Venezuelan 5 <0.01 Vietnamese (38) 52 0.04 European (840) 848 0.69 Other South American 2 <0.01 Hawaii Native/Pacific Islander (16) 65 0.05 Finnish (65) 315 0.26 Other Hispanic or Latino 261 0.21 Not Hispanic (14) 51 0.04 French, ex. Basque (2,417) 12,503 10.23 Hispanic (2) 14 0.01 French Canadian (1,857) 4,004 3.28 Race* Population % Fijian (0) 0 <0.01 German (5,985) 25,630 20.97 African-American/Black (972) 1,531 1.25 Guamanian/Chamorro (3) 7 0.01 German Russian (0) 0 <0.01 Not Hispanic (862) 1,367 1.12 Marshallese (0) 0 <0.01 Greek (152) 437 0.36 Hispanic (110) 164 0.13 Native Hawaiian (5) 18 0.01 Guyanese (0) 0 <0.01 American Indian/Alaska Native (520) 1,200 0.98 Samoan (0) 4 <0.01 Hungarian (139) 441 0.36 Not Hispanic (465) 1,097 0.90 Tongan (0) 0 <0.01 Icelander (20) 20 0.02 Hispanic (55) 103 0.08 White (117,632) 119,116 97.55 Iranian (0) 0 <0.01 Alaska Athabascan (Ala. Nat.) (1) 1 <0.01 Not Hispanic (116,091) 117,378 96.13 Irish (8,045) 27,954 22.87 Aleut (Alaska Native) (0) 0 <0.01 Hispanic (1,541) 1,738 1.42 Israeli (39) 39 0.03 Apache (1) 9 0.01 Italian (6,436) 17,452 14.28 Arapaho (0) 0 <0.01 Latvian (0) 10 0.01 Blackfeet (14) 41 0.03 Lithuanian (148) 359 0.29 Canadian/French Am. Ind. (18) 26 0.02 Luxemburger (0) 0 <0.01 Central American Ind. (2) 4 <0.01 Macedonian (19) 40 0.03 Cherokee (19) 77 0.06 Maltese (12) 27 0.02 Cheyenne (2) 5 <0.01 New Zealander (0) 0 <0.01 Chickasaw (1) 2 <0.01 Northern European (94) 94 0.08 Chippewa (5) 12 0.01 Norwegian (179) 506 0.41 Choctaw (2) 6 <0.01 Pennsylvania German (36) 83 0.07 Colville (0) 0 <0.01

Notes: † The Census 2010 population figure is used to calculate the percentages in the Hispanic Origin and Race categories. Ancestry percentages are based on the 2006-2010 American Community Survey population (not shown); ‡ Numbers in parentheses indicate the number of people reporting a single ancestry; * Numbers in parentheses indicate the number of persons reporting this race alone, not in combination with any other race; Please refer to the Explanation of Data for more information. Profiles of New York State Climate: Weather Station Rankings 959

New York Weather Station Rankings

Annual Extreme Maximum Temperature Highest Lowest Rank Station Name °F Rank Station Name °F 1 Mineola 105 1 Indian Lake 2 SW 91 2 Dobbs Ferry Ardsley 104 2 Morrisville 5 SW 92 2 New York Laguardia Arpt 104 3 Tully Heiberg Forest 93 4 New York Central Park Observ 103 4 Boonville 2 SSW 94 4 New York Ave V Brooklyn 103 4 Grafton 94 4 Wantagh Cedar Creek 103 6 Conklingville Dam 95 7 Bridgehampton 102 6 Wales 95 7 Islip-Macarthur Arpt 102 8 Dannemora 96 7 New York J F Kennedy Int’l Arpt 102 9 97 7 Whitehall 102 9 Buffalo Greater Buffalo Int’l 97 11 Albion 2 NE 101 9 Canton 4 SE 97 11 Aurora Research Farm 101 9 Delhi 2 SE 97 11 Bath 101 9 Lowville 97 11 Middletown 2 NW 101 9 Utica Oneida County Arpt 97 11 Syracuse Hancock Int’l Arpt 101 15 Alfred 98 11 Troy Lock and Dam 101 15 Binghamton Edwin A Link Field 98 17 Alcove Dam 100 15 Gouverneur 3 NW 98 17 Chazy 100 15 Ithaca Cornell Univ 98 17 Riverhead Research Farm 100 15 Peru 2 WSW 98 17 Valatie 1 N 100 15 Rochester Intl Arpt 98 17 Yorktown Heights 1 W 100 21 Albany County Arpt 99 22 Albany County Arpt 99 21 Avon 99 22 Avon 99 21 Westfield 2 SSE 99 22 Westfield 2 SSE 99 24 Alcove Dam 100 25 Alfred 98 24 Chazy 100

Annual Mean Maximum Temperature Highest Lowest Rank Station Name °F Rank Station Name °F 1 Dobbs Ferry Ardsley 62.9 1 Indian Lake 2 SW 51.0 2 New York Central Park Observ 62.7 2 Boonville 2 SSW 51.1 3 New York Laguardia Arpt 62.5 3 Tully Heiberg Forest 52.3 4 New York Ave V Brooklyn 62.4 4 Dannemora 53.1 5 Riverhead Research Farm 62.1 5 Lowville 53.2 6 Mineola 61.9 6 Canton 4 SE 54.0 7 New York J F Kennedy Int’l Arpt 61.5 7 Morrisville 5 SW 54.3 8 Islip-Macarthur Arpt 60.8 8 Grafton 54.4 8 Middletown 2 NW 60.8 9 Binghamton Edwin A Link Field 54.9 10 Wantagh Cedar Creek 60.2 9 Conklingville Dam 54.9 11 Bridgehampton 59.8 11 Chazy 55.1 12 Yorktown Heights 1 W 59.6 11 Gouverneur 3 NW 55.1 13 Troy Lock and Dam 58.9 13 Allegany State Park 55.2 14 Valatie 1 N 58.4 13 Wales 55.2 15 Whitehall 58.3 15 Utica Oneida County Arpt 55.7 16 Albion 2 NE 58.1 16 Peru 2 WSW 55.9 17 Albany County Arpt 58.0 17 Ithaca Cornell Univ 56.2 18 Avon 57.6 18 Delhi 2 SE 56.3 18 Syracuse Hancock Int’l Arpt 57.6 19 Buffalo Greater Buffalo Int’l 56.6 20 Aurora Research Farm 57.3 20 Alcove Dam 56.7 20 Rochester Intl Arpt 57.3 21 Alfred 56.9 22 Bath 57.1 22 Bath 57.1 22 Westfield 2 SSE 57.1 22 Westfield 2 SSE 57.1 24 Alfred 56.9 24 Aurora Research Farm 57.3 25 Alcove Dam 56.7 24 Rochester Intl Arpt 57.3

Rankings include 25 highest/lowest stations. If state has less than 25 stations, all stations are included. The period of record is 1980–2009. See User Guide for detailed explanation of data.