The Best of the Arctic
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Facts About Vesterålen
FACTS ABOUT VESTERÅLEN Vesterålen is a cluster of remarkable and 13th centuries the stockfish trade years old. A dark mineral, resembling land. From the mountains at Sellevoll you islands, located 200 km within the with Bergen started, and caused a tran- Gabbro is found at Åsanfjorden in the Bø may see how the mounds form a pattern Arctic Circle. 35.000 people live in this sition to money-based economy. One of municipality, dated back some 3500 mill. looking like a flat cone-shaped cake. The archipelago of unspoiled beauty. the consequences was a change in the years. More recent minerals (400–600 Bog-Ashpodel with beautiful yellow flo- Westwards, facing the Norwegian population pattern, increasing the num- mill. years) are found on Andøya, betwe- wers grow on the poor marshland. The sea; a ragged alpine landscape of ne- ber of people in the fishing districts. The en Dverberg and Skogvollvatn, and a common trees in Vesterålen are Birch, edlesharp peaks. To the east; the wa- later Middle Ages was a period of narrow zone of even younger minerals Roan and Willow. European Bird Cherry terways of the coastal express stea- growth, caused by the stockfish trade (100–150 mill years) between Ramså and Grey-Alder are relatively rare, and mer, bordered by wide beaches and with the Hanseatic League. At this time and Haugnes, the latter the most recent pines are planted in parts of the region. small communities huddled closely people started to settle in villages, such mineral found ashore in Norway. Rich de- Sigerfjord is famous for the beautiful villa together. -
Of the Inuit Bowhead Knowledge Study Nunavut, Canada
english cover 11/14/01 1:13 PM Page 1 FINAL REPORT OF THE INUIT BOWHEAD KNOWLEDGE STUDY NUNAVUT, CANADA By Inuit Study Participants from: Arctic Bay, Arviat, Cape Dorset, Chesterfield Inlet, Clyde River, Coral Harbour, Grise Fiord, Hall Beach, Igloolik, Iqaluit, Kimmirut, Kugaaruk, Pangnirtung, Pond Inlet, Qikiqtarjuaq, Rankin Inlet, Repulse Bay, and Whale Cove Principal Researchers: Keith Hay (Study Coordinator) and Members of the Inuit Bowhead Knowledge Study Committee: David Aglukark (Chairperson), David Igutsaq, MARCH, 2000 Joannie Ikkidluak, Meeka Mike FINAL REPORT OF THE INUIT BOWHEAD KNOWLEDGE STUDY NUNAVUT, CANADA By Inuit Study Participants from: Arctic Bay, Arviat, Cape Dorset, Chesterfield Inlet, Clyde River, Coral Harbour, Grise Fiord, Hall Beach, Igloolik, Iqaluit, Kimmirut, Kugaaruk, Pangnirtung, Pond Inlet, Qikiqtarjuaq, Rankin Inlet, Nunavut Wildlife Management Board Repulse Bay, and Whale Cove PO Box 1379 Principal Researchers: Iqaluit, Nunavut Keith Hay (Study Coordinator) and X0A 0H0 Members of the Inuit Bowhead Knowledge Study Committee: David Aglukark (Chairperson), David Igutsaq, MARCH, 2000 Joannie Ikkidluak, Meeka Mike Cover photo: Glenn Williams/Ursus Illustration on cover, inside of cover, title page, dedication page, and used as a report motif: “Arvanniaqtut (Whale Hunters)”, sc 1986, Simeonie Kopapik, Cape Dorset Print Collection. ©Nunavut Wildlife Management Board March, 2000 Table of Contents I LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES . .i II DEDICATION . .ii III ABSTRACT . .iii 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 RATIONALE AND BACKGROUND FOR THE STUDY . .1 1.2 TRADITIONAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE AND SCIENCE . .1 2 METHODOLOGY 3 2.1 PLANNING AND DESIGN . .3 2.2 THE STUDY AREA . .4 2.3 INTERVIEW TECHNIQUES AND THE QUESTIONNAIRE . .4 2.4 METHODS OF DATA ANALYSIS . -
MOSKENES GUIDE 2008 T Moskenes in 1120, King Eystein Estab Eystein King 1120, in Control
MOSKENES Area: 118.6 km2 Population: approx.1128 Municipal centre: Reine he island of Mosk enesøy is located in the untamed, western part of the Lofoten Is- Page lands. On the far side of the island, you will find long, chalk-white beaches. The island Tis surrounded by strong tidal currents like the Sundstraumen strait, and the infamous 28 Maelstrom. Glaciers and other forces of Nature have sculpted the island landscape, which is among the wildest and most fascinating that Norway can offer. Traces of Stone Age settlement dating back over 5,500 years can be found on the island. Several old place names, such as Moskenes, bear witness to early Sami settlement. The inhabitants of Moskenesøy live largely on the eastern side of the island, where the best harbour conditions are to be found. Earlier, there was also settlement along the entire northern coast of the island – the so-called outer coast, but owing to poor harbour conditions and perilous waters, all of them have now been abandoned. Å, Hamnøy and Sakrisøy are particularly well-known for their old, well-preserved architectural environment. The Lofoten Fishery, the Fishing Village and the Rorbu Cabin Abundant Resources in the North When the great glaciers receded from our northern coastlines, the cod began its annual migra- tion from the Barents Sea to spawn in the waters of Lofoten. Every winter for over 10,000 years, the coastal people have caught the tasty Norwegian Arctic cod, eating the fresh fish together with the liver and roes, or producing stockfish and cod liver oil - used for bartering and trading purposes. -
A Historical and Legal Study of Sovereignty in the Canadian North : Terrestrial Sovereignty, 1870–1939
University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository University of Calgary Press University of Calgary Press Open Access Books 2014 A historical and legal study of sovereignty in the Canadian north : terrestrial sovereignty, 1870–1939 Smith, Gordon W. University of Calgary Press "A historical and legal study of sovereignty in the Canadian north : terrestrial sovereignty, 1870–1939", Gordon W. Smith; edited by P. Whitney Lackenbauer. University of Calgary Press, Calgary, Alberta, 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/1880/50251 book http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 International Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca A HISTORICAL AND LEGAL STUDY OF SOVEREIGNTY IN THE CANADIAN NORTH: TERRESTRIAL SOVEREIGNTY, 1870–1939 By Gordon W. Smith, Edited by P. Whitney Lackenbauer ISBN 978-1-55238-774-0 THIS BOOK IS AN OPEN ACCESS E-BOOK. It is an electronic version of a book that can be purchased in physical form through any bookseller or on-line retailer, or from our distributors. Please support this open access publication by requesting that your university purchase a print copy of this book, or by purchasing a copy yourself. If you have any questions, please contact us at ucpress@ ucalgary.ca Cover Art: The artwork on the cover of this book is not open access and falls under traditional copyright provisions; it cannot be reproduced in any way without written permission of the artists and their agents. The cover can be displayed as a complete cover image for the purposes of publicizing this work, but the artwork cannot be extracted from the context of the cover of this specificwork without breaching the artist’s copyright. -
WITHIN and WITHOUT the ARCTIC CIRCLE. by N. E. Odell
Within and Without the Arctic Circle. 27 WITHIN AND WITHOUT THE ARCTIC CIRCLE. BY N. E. ODELL. (The substance of parts of this paper was read before the Alpine Club, February 7, 1933.) URING the past twelve years, often with geological exploration and research as the chief end in view, it bas been my good fortune to visit some of the remoter moun tains that either lie proximate to that romantic parallel of latitude the Arctic Circle, or are situated well N. of it. Many of these mountain ranges differ much one from another on · account of widely varying climate and precipitation, apart from altitude, and their unfrequented if not unexplored character in many cases makes them formidable as well as strenuous propositions. Indeed, without qualm of exaggeration, the writer can say that in his experience the type of mountaineering involved in these expeditions is of an order of exaction usually much in excess of the average biggish Alpine excursion. In spite of the quite moderate altitude, often, of these Arctic and Subarctic ranges, the methods of approach, the long line of camps, and the heavy porterage necessary, apart from climatic conditions, place them more in a Himalayan category, and nowhere is this resemblance borne in on one so forcibly as amongst the giant glaciers of Greenland, or even of Spitsbergen. In the following account it is my purpose to give an outline of impressions and experiences, on two recent summer expeditions to the mountains of North-east Labrador, and those of North east Greenland, including an ascent of Beerenberg in the island of Jan Mayen. -
The Hitch-Hiker Is Intended to Provide Information Which Beginning Adult Readers Can Read and Understand
CONTENTS: Foreword Acknowledgements Chapter 1: The Southwestern Corner Chapter 2: The Great Northern Peninsula Chapter 3: Labrador Chapter 4: Deer Lake to Bishop's Falls Chapter 5: Botwood to Twillingate Chapter 6: Glenwood to Gambo Chapter 7: Glovertown to Bonavista Chapter 8: The South Coast Chapter 9: Goobies to Cape St. Mary's to Whitbourne Chapter 10: Trinity-Conception Chapter 11: St. John's and the Eastern Avalon FOREWORD This book was written to give students a closer look at Newfoundland and Labrador. Learning about our own part of the earth can help us get a better understanding of the world at large. Much of the information now available about our province is aimed at young readers and people with at least a high school education. The Hitch-Hiker is intended to provide information which beginning adult readers can read and understand. This work has a special feature we hope readers will appreciate and enjoy. Many of the places written about in this book are seen through the eyes of an adult learner and other fictional characters. These characters were created to help add a touch of reality to the printed page. We hope the characters and the things they learn and talk about also give the reader a better understanding of our province. Above all, we hope this book challenges your curiosity and encourages you to search for more information about our land. Don McDonald Director of Programs and Services Newfoundland and Labrador Literacy Development Council ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to thank the many people who so kindly and eagerly helped me during the production of this book. -
Steller's Sea
eptember 1741. Captain-commander Vitus Bering’s ship, St. Peter, was stumbling somewhere among the long desolate string of Aleutian Islands in the far North Pacific. All on board recognized that it was unlikely they’d ever make it home. Scurvy had flattened several of the crew, two men had already died, and Captain Bering himself was terribly ill. The fresh water stored in barrels was mostly foul, and the storm-force winds and seas were constantly in their faces. Sailing aboard St. Peter and sharing the cabin with Captain Bering was a German physician and naturalist Snamed Georg Wilhelm Steller. On his first voyage, Steller was certain they were near to land because he saw floating seaweed and various birds that he knew to be strictly coastal. But no one listened to him, in part because he hadn’t been shy in showing that he thought them all idiots, and also because his idea of exactly where they happened to be was wrong. Bering’s expedition continued, blindly groping westward toward Siberia’s Kamchatka Peninsula. The storms raged on, more men died, then eventually, somehow, they made it to a small protected harbor in the middle of the night. They hoped it was the mainland. Steller and his servant rowed several of the sickest men ashore the next morning. He thought the place was an island because of the shape of the clouds and how the sea otters carelessly swam over to the boat, unafraid of man. Once ashore, Steller noticed a huge animal swimming along the coast, a creature that he had never seen before and was unknown in cold, northern waters. -
Artists Are Shaking up Norway's Cod-And-Knitwear Image in the Lofoten Archipelago, but There Are Still Cosy Cabins to Hole Up
ROCKING IN THE ISLES ARTISTS ARE SHAKING UP NORWAY’S COD-AND-KNITWEAR IMAGE IN THE LOFOTEN ARCHIPELAGO, BUT THERE ARE STILL COSY CABINS TO HOLE UP IN AND PLATTERS OF SEAFOOD FOR SUPPER. BY SOPHIE CAMPBELL. PHOTOGRAPHS BY YADID LEVY The fishing village of Reine, on Moskenesøya in the Lofoten Islands 90 f you are a cod, these are the killing fields. Bunches of drying fish twist in the wind on birch frames the size of Dutch barns, and chunky working boats bristle with radar, net winches and fish-finding gear. If you are an artist, this is a land of light, clear and simple, which is why so many have made their way here in the past century and a half. If you are a visitor, this is where mountains shoot Iout of the sea like fins, their reflections diving to unfathomable depths in the fjords, and sweet little wooden houses cluster in shades of lemon and dove and brick and sky. But you mustn’t look too hard in case you fly off roads raised to let meltwater flow away and edged only with flimsy red poles. The Lofoten Islands barely qualify as an archipelago. They are more like a vestigial tail off the coast of Norway, 100km above the Arctic Circle and 230km south of Tromsø, connected to the mainland by a bridge about a kilometre long. More bridges swoop between the seven main islands, and around them skitter innumerable rocks and skerries. Fish is everywhere. It glints through the history and swims through the art. -
Tundra Times 2017
Indigenous Lens: Greenland | Polar Bear Basics | Separating Fact from Fiction Tundra Times The Annual Newsmagazine of Polar Bears International FALL 2017 Tracking Polar Bear Dens in Svalbard photo © Daniel J. Cox/NaturalExposures.com THE COMPASS POINTS NORTH Inside ast February, I joined a Polar Bears International research 3 team on an expedition to study polar bear den sites in Svalbard. Along Lwith partners from the Norwegian Polar Institute and San Diego Zoo Global, we skied to the remote snow dens of polar bear moms and cubs, 4 transporting our gear by traditional sleds called qamutiiks. Visiting the region that has served as photo © Simon Gee a polar bear nursery for hundreds, if not thousands, of years, was an exhilarating experience—but also disconcerting. Normally, the fjords surrounding the island are frozen at that time of year, providing hungry polar bear moms with quick access to their seal-hunting 6 grounds when they emerge with their cubs in spring. Without a platform of ice, the families seemed likely to face a rough spring instead of a time of plenty. Helping the public understand the polar bear’s dependence on sea ice—and the need to take action on climate change—is a core focus 8 of our work at Polar Bears International, whether we’re conducting field research or taking part in conservation outreach. In this year’s Tundra Times, scientist Andrew Derocher takes us through the basics of what it means to be a polar bear, with sea ice playing a central role. The theme appears again as scientists Nicholas 10 Pilfold and Kristen Laidre transport us to Canada, Svalbard, and Greenland. -
Early Maritime Russia and the North Pacific Arc Dianne Meredith Russia Has Always Held an Ambiguous Position in World Geography
Early Maritime Russia and the North Pacific Arc Dianne Meredith Russia has always held an ambiguous position in world geography. Like most other great powers, Russia spread out from a small, original core area of identity. The Russian-Kievan core was located west of the Ural Mountains. Russia’s earlier history (1240-1480) was deeply colored by a Mongol-Tatar invasion in the thirteenth century. By the time Russia cast off Mongol rule, its worldview had developed to reflect two and one-half centuries of Asiatic rather than European dominance, hence the old cliché, scratch a Russian and you find a Tatar. This was the beginning of Russia’s long search of identity as neither European nor Asian, but Eurasian. Russia has a longer Pacific coastline than any other Asian country, yet a Pacific identity has been difficult to assume, in spite of over four hundred years of exploration (Map 1). Map 1. Geographic atlas of the Russian Empire (1745), digital copy by the Russian State Library. Early Pacific Connections Ancient peoples from what is now present-day Russia had circum-Pacific connections via the North Pacific arc between North America and Asia. Today this arc is separated by a mere fifty-six miles at the Bering Strait, but centuries earlier it was part of a broad subcontinent more than one-thousand miles long. Beringia, as it is now termed, was not fully glaciated during the Pleistocene Ice Age; in fact, there was not any area of land within one hundred miles of the Bering Strait itself that was completely glaciated within the last million years, while for much of that time a broad band of ice to the east covered much of present-day Alaska. -
The Flora of Jan Mayen
NORSK POLARINSTITUTT SKRIFTER NR. 130 JOHANNES LID THE FLORA OF JAN MAYEN IlJustrated by DAGNY TANDE LID or1(f t ett} NORSK POLARINSTITUTT OSLO 1964 DET KONGELIGE DEPARTEMENT FOR INDUSTRI OG HÅNDVERK NORSK POLARINSTITUTT Observatoriegt. l, Oslo, Norway Short account of the publications of Norsk Polarinstitutt The two series, Norsk Polarinstitutt - SKRIFTER and Norsk Polarinstitutt - MEDDELELSER, were taken over from the institution Norges Svalbard- og Ishavs undersøkelser (NSIU), which was incorporated in Norsk Polarinstitutt when this was founded in 1948. A third series, Norsk Polarinstitutt - ÅRBOK, is published with one volum(� per year. SKRIFTER includes scientific papers, published in English, French or German. MEDDELELSER comprises shortcr papers, often being reprillts from other publi cations. They generally have a more popular form and are mostly published in Norwegian. SKRIFTER has previously been published under various tides: Nos. 1-11. Resultater av De norske statsunderstuttede Spitsbergen-ekspe. ditioner. No 12. Skrifter om Svalbard og Nordishavet. Nos. 13-81. Skrifter om Svalbard og Ishavet. 82-89. Norges Svalbard- og Ishavs-undersøkelser. Skrifter. 90- • Norsk Polarinstitutt Skrifter. In addition a special series is published: NORWEGIAN-BRITISH-SWEDISH ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION, 1949-52. SCIENTIFIC RESULTS. This series will comprise six volumes, four of which are now completed. Hydrographic and topographic surveys make an important part of the work carried out by Norsk Polarinstitutt. A list of the published charts and maps is printed on p. 3 and 4 of this cover. A complete list of publications, charts and maps is obtainable on request. ÅRBØKER Årbok 1960. 1962. Kr.lS.00. Årbok 1961. 1962. Kr. 24.00. -
View Travel Planning Guide
YOUR O.A.T. ADVENTURE TRAVEL PLANNING GUIDE® New! Arctic Expedition: Untamed Norway & Svalbard 2021 Small Groups: 20-25 travelers—guaranteed! (average of 22) Overseas Adventure Travel ® The Leader in Personalized Small Group Adventures on the Road Less Traveled 1 Dear Traveler, At last, the world is opening up again for curious travel lovers like you and me. And the O.A.T. New! Arctic Expedition: Untamed Norway & Svalbard itinerary you’ve expressed interest in will be a wonderful way to resume the discoveries that bring us so much joy. You might soon be enjoying standout moments like these: Throughout your cruise, you’ll gain in-depth insights into the mysteries of the Arctic alongside an experienced Expedition Team who will share their expertise with you. They’ll provide vital information about your voyage, lead insightful discussions about the Arctic, and join you on every Zodiac excursion. You’ll also meet with two local experts at the Bellona Foundation—an independent non-profit organization working to identify and implement sustainable environmental solutions—to discuss whether the country is acting heroically, or hypocritically, when it comes to the issue of climate change. Although the country boasts some of the most progressive environmentally-friendly practices around the globe, Norway dredges up more oil per capita than most other countries in the world. Some experts say the country is making a grave misstep on the fight to protect the climate, while others believe there are many benefits to Norway’s oil production. We’ll get a firsthand account from both sides of this controversy with a representative of the Bellona Foundation and a local offshore oil worker.