Lockwood Beck Intermediate Site Mineral Transport System (MTS) Stanghow Borough of Redcar and Cleveland
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Lockwood Beck Intermediate Site Mineral Transport System (MTS) Stanghow Borough of Redcar and Cleveland Programme of Archaeological Works for Sirius Minerals PLC CA Project: 660829 CA Report: 17481 Document Number: 40-COT-LB-8324-EN-PD-00001 May 2018 Lockwood Beck Intermediate Site Mineral Transport System (MTS) Stanghow Borough of Redcar and Cleveland Programme of Archaeological Works CA Project: 660829 CA Report: 17481 Document Number: 40-COT-LB-8324-EN-PD-00001 Document Control Grid Revision Date Author Checked by Status Reasons for Approved revision by A 24/08/17 RSB JN Draft Internal review SRJ B 15/06/2018 RS External Client comment SRJ review 0 29/06/2018 RS External Client comment SRJ review 0 17/09/2018 RS Issue Final Issue SRJ This report is confidential to the client. Cotswold Archaeology accepts no responsibility or liability to any third party to whom this report, or any part of it, is made known. Any such party relies upon this report entirely at their own risk. No part of this report may be reproduced by any means without permission. © Cotswold Archaeology © Cotswold Archaeology Lockwood Beck Intermediate Site MTS, Borough of Redcar and Cleveland: Archaeological Watching Brief CONTENTS SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................... 2 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 3 2. ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND ................................................................ 4 3. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES ................................................................................... 5 4. METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................... 6 5. RESULTS (FIGS 2-7) ......................................................................................... 6 6. DISCUSSION ..................................................................................................... 7 7. CA PROJECT TEAM .......................................................................................... 7 8. REFERENCES ................................................................................................... 8 APPENDIX A: CONTEXT DESCRIPTIONS .................................................................... 9 APPENDIX B: OASIS REPORT FORM........................................................................... 10 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Fig. 1 Site location plan (1:25,000) Fig. 2 Site, showing area of observed groundworks (1:2500) Fig. 3 Area 1, looking north (photograph) Fig. 4 Area 2, looking north-east (photograph) Fig. 5 Area 3, looking north-west (photograph) Fig. 6 Area 4, looking south-west (photograph) Fig. 7 Area 4, sections and photographs (1:20) 1 © Cotswold Archaeology Lockwood Beck Intermediate Site MTS, Borough of Redcar and Cleveland: Archaeological Watching Brief SUMMARY Project Name: Lockwood Beck Intermediate Site MTS Location: Stanghow, Borough of Redcar and Cleveland NGR: 467362 514101 Type: Programme of Archaeological Works Date: 24 May to 4 July 2017 Planning Reference: Redcar and Cleveland Borough Council R/2014/0627/FFM Location of Archive: to be deposited with Kirkleatham Museum Site Code: Beck 17 A Programme of Archaeological Works was undertaken by Cotswold Archaeology between 24 May and 4 July 2017 of land at Lockwood Beck, Redcar and Cleveland, North Yorkshire. The fieldwork was undertaken to satisfy the requirements of condition 14 of planning permission R/2014/0627/FFM. Archaeological interest in the site is derived from its location within an area rich in prehistoric sites, including five prehistoric burial mounds, designated as Scheduled Ancient Monuments, located on Stanghow Moor to the south of the site, as well as a number of undesignated prehistoric sites on the moorlands that surround the site. The programme of archaeological work identified a single undated north-east/south-west orientated ditch located within the northern part of the site. No finds, deposits or features of prehistoric date were identified during the works. 2 © Cotswold Archaeology Lockwood Beck Intermediate Site MTS, Borough of Redcar and Cleveland: Archaeological Watching Brief 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Between May and July 2017, Cotswold Archaeology (CA) carried out a programme of archaeological works at Lockwood Beck Intermediate Site (MTS), Stanghow, Borough of Redcar and Cleveland (centred at NGR: 467362 514101; Fig. 1). The programme of archaeological works was commissioned by Sirius Minerals PLC. 1.2 The programme of archaeological works was undertaken to fulfil a condition (Condition 14) attached to a planning consent granted by Redcar and Cleveland Borough Council for the winning and working of polyhalite by underground methods (Planning ref: R/2014/0627/FFM). 1.3 The programme of archaeological works, comprising a strip, map and sample excavation was carried out in accordance with a detailed Written Schemes of Investigation (WSI) produced by (OA 2016) plus an Addendum Written Scheme of Investigation Method Statement (WSIMS) produced by (CA 2017). The fieldwork followed Standard and guidance: Archaeological watching brief (CIfA 2014). The site 1.4 The consented development site is approximately 35.5ha in size, and comprises parts of 15 fields utilised for a mixture of pasture and arable cultivation (Fig. 2). The site is located to the north of Lockwood Beck Reservoir on the adjacent side of the A171, c. 5km south-east of Guisborough. It is bounded to the north by Millers Lane, to the east by woodland and agricultural fields, to the south by the A171, and to the west by Stanghow Road. The site lies at approximately 195m above Ordnance Datum (aOD) in the north-west and south of the site, with the ground level dropping to c. 173m aOD in the north-east of site. 1.5 The underlying bedrock geology of the area is mapped as Scalby Formation sandstone, siltstone and mudstone of the Jurassic period, except in the north- western tip of the site, which comprises bands of Saltwick Formation and Cloughton Formation sandstone, siltstone and mudstone, and Scarborough Formation sandstone and limestone, also of the Jurassic period. These are overlain by superficial Devensian deposits of Diamicton (BGS 2015). 3 © Cotswold Archaeology Lockwood Beck Intermediate Site MTS, Borough of Redcar and Cleveland: Archaeological Watching Brief 2. ARCHAEOLOGICAL BACKGROUND 2.1 The site has been the previous subject of a heritage desk-based assessment (CA 2014a). A geophysical survey has also been undertaken (GSB 2014) as well as a watching brief (CA 2014b). The following section is summarised from these sources. Previous archaeological work 2.2 Magnetometer survey undertaken by GSB in 2014 (GSB 2014) revealed evidence for medieval ridge and furrow. 2.3 A watching brief during the excavation of thirty two hydrogeological trial pits identified a struck flint, an oyster shell, and a single sherd of nineteenth-century pottery from the ploughsoil (CA 2014b). Prehistoric (pre AD43) 2.4 The local area around Lockwood Beck Farm contains five prehistoric funerary burial mounds, designated as Scheduled Ancient Monuments. An area of clearance cairns are recorded to the south on Stanghow Moor. Single burial mounds have also been recorded at Low Moor, 1.3km west of site, Moorsholm Moor 175m to the south, Ridge House 750m to the west, and Glap Howe 1.2km to the north. Standing stones have been recorded at High Moor, 1.6km south west, and at Moorsholm Moor 200m to the south. 2.5 A small number of prehistoric flints have been recorded to the south of the site in proximity to Kateridden Farm. Whilst small numbers of flints may be taken to suggest a typical background level of activity it is also possible that given the evidence for prehistoric burial in the local area they may relate to more substantive prehistoric occupation. Medieval (1066-1539) 2.6 Field systems with earthworks relating to ridge and furrow agriculture are common in the area including within the site itself. A Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) survey has indicated the presence of these ridge and furrows within several of the fields that make up the central part of the development site (Furgo 2014). A magnetometer survey of the site area was undertaken which showed clear evidence for medieval ridge and furrow (GSB 2014). 4 © Cotswold Archaeology Lockwood Beck Intermediate Site MTS, Borough of Redcar and Cleveland: Archaeological Watching Brief 2.7 The medieval shrunken villages of Stanghow and Kateridden both lie in close proximity to the north of the site. These were first recorded in 1241 and 1273 respectively. Kateridden Farmhouse is post-medieval/modern in date, but possible building platforms identified near the farm, some of which lie within the development site have some potential to be medieval in date (CA 2104a). A small sub-circular earthwork has been identified from aerial photographs in the field to the south-west of Kateridden Farmhouse and lies within the development area (CA 2014a). Given the possible medieval origins of the farm and the prehistoric flint recorded in the vicinity it is possible the feature may be of medieval or prehistoric date. 2.8 A section of an interpolated medieval route has been identified as originating at Stanghow Road, possibly passing through Kateridden Farm, and continuing south- eastward through the middle of the development site before terminating to the south of Gerrick (CA 2014a). Post-medieval & modern (1540-present) 2.9 The closest Listed Buildings