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Home , 157th Street station, Eliza Jumel, Fort Tryon Park, The Astor, The Cloisters

& MAUSOLEUM— A WALK THROUGH HISTORY

Welcome to Trinity Church Cemetery & Mausoleum—a unique historical site and a quiet sanctuary. This guide provides a tour of the grounds. The cemetery offers a serene place to walk, views of the , and is the final resting place of many notable people. The Cemetery was established in 1842 by the parish of Trinity Church. It was opened after burials were prohibited in Lower due to outbreaks of cholera and other diseases. The site’s earlier history dates back to 1776, when the Battle of Fort Washington was waged here during the . As you walk the grounds, take note of some of the interesting people interred here (highlighted on the map). One recognizable name is John James Audubon, the naturalist and artist. His estate, Minniesland, was located nearby, and Audubon is buried in the Eastern division, behind the Church of the Intercession. His memorial is a tall distinctive Celtic cross adorned with reliefs of animals including deer, buffalo, and elk. Other notable names include: Alfred Tennyson Dickens, son of Charles Dickens; John Jacob Astor, industrialist; Ralph Ellison, author of Invisible Man; and Clement Clarke Moore, author of the beloved poem, A Visit from St. Nicholas. (also know as ‘Twas the Night Before Christmas). Trinity Church Cemetery & Mausoleum offers the only active community mausoleum in Manhattan. It is operated as an outreach ministry of Trinity Church Wall Street, an Episcopal parish in made up of Trinity Church and St. Paul’s Chapel. You can learn more about the parish’s history and mission at trinitywallstreet.org. Thank you for visiting! Jerry Orbach Jerry At the bottom of the hill is a marker for for amarker is hill of the bottom the At Memorial, Ellison Ralph The Award. (The first three biographies refer to individuals individuals to refer biographies three first (The Order Christmas) 1965, when arson-fueled fires ravaged ravaged fires arson-fueled when 1965, The Church of the Intercession, Intercession, of the Church The fire African-American first The Clement Clarke Moore St. Nicholas (’Twas the Night Before (’Twas Nicholas Night Before the St. Moore’s famous poem takes place at at place takes poem Moore’s famous of reading annual An parish. of Trinity rector sixth Moore, Benjamin Bishop favorite holiday of the in commissioner fire YorkNew City’s actor. aTony also Awarding-winning He was On the pathway outside the mausoleums the outside pathway the On WESTERLY DIVISION and Riverside Drive. Riverside and interred in the mausoleums) the in interred which he won the 1953 National Book Book National 1953 won the he which ceilings with suction cups. suction with ceilings commissioner of a major U.S. city, city, U.S. of amajor commissioner Robert O. Lowery O. Robert Ellison Ralph sculpture, is nearby at 150th Street at150th nearby is sculpture, racial tensions divided the FDNY. the divided tensions racial the city's minority communities and and communities minority city's the for for featuring a 15-foot a15-foot featuring novel forhis famous known for his long roles on on roles long forhis known impresario famous for walking on on forwalking famous impresario is a beautiful monument with columns columns with monument abeautiful is Richard Sands Sands Richard and and WESTERLY Homicide: Life on the Street Homicide: Life the on . Moore was the son of of son the was . Moore

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EASTERLY DIVISION At the highest spot in the cemetery ARCHITECTURE AT Bertram Goodhue 20 you’ll find a fenced area that contains TRINITY CEMETERY The Church of the Intersession was Once you’ve crossed Broadway the grave of Robert Bowne previously a chapel of Trinity parish, and walked to the back of the Church Minturn k, a shipping merchant James Renwick Jr. and was known as the Chapel of the of the Intercession, the first monument and owner of the famous clipper In 1843, the Trinity Vestry selected Intercession. The chapel, designed by you’ll see is the tall, ornate monument ship Flying Cloud. The ship held James Renwick Jr.’s designs for the Bertram Goodhue, in English Gothic to John James Audubon g. Audubon the record for the fastest passage layout of the cemetery. Renwick also style, was consecrated in 1915. Inside was a naturalist, ornithologist, and (89 days, 8 hours) from New York designed St. Patrick’s Cathedral in the chapel is a memorial and tomb artist. His book Birds of America to San Francisco for more than 100 and the Smithsonian honoring Goodhue. Along the arch became a renowned catalog of many years. Minturn was a founder of St. Institute in Washington, D.C. of the tomb are sculptural renderings species. Part of his 19th-century farm, Luke's Hospital and among the first of Goodhue’s notable designs: St. Minniesland, to propose and, along Calvert Vaux Bartholomew’s Church, St. Thomas’ was adjacent to Trinity Cemetery. with his wife, donated land for its When the city decided to open Church, Yale Library, and the Nebraska establishment. 11th Avenue through the cemetery, State Capitol, to name a few. The On your right is the Church of splitting it into easterly and Chapel was made independent of the Intercession h. During the Hike down the mound and walk westerly divisions, the Trinity Trinity Church in 1976 and became groundbreaking for the construction toward the far eastern part of the Vestry commissioned Calvert Vaux known once again as the Church of of the building in 1912, a parade cemetery (toward Amsterdam to build a bridge to connect the two the Intercession. of 3,000 people processed up Avenue). Here a plaque marks the halves. In 1857, Vaux, along with Broadway to the site where the Middle Redoubt of Battle of , had Frederick Clarke Withers 21 English Gothic-style chapel would Washington Heights l, where developed the architectural and Frederick Clarke Withers designed eventually be built in 1915. some of the “fiercest fighting of landscape designs for Central Park. the reredos of Trinity Church, the Battle of Washington Heights” Vaux’s services were retained until Jefferson Market Courthouse on Follow the path around the church and took place. 1880 and, in addition to the bridge, 29th Street in Manhattan, the Church turn left going south. On one corner he designed the landscaping and the of Transfiguration, and others. He is tract is another tall monument to Not far away is the headstone for wall enclosing the cemetery. To buried here in the Trinity Cemetery. Fernando Wood j, Democratic Edward I. Koch ;, the city's three- make way for the new Church of mayor of New York City from term mayor, 1978­­–1989. Prior to his the Intercession, the pedestrian 1855–1858 and 1860­­–1862. He time as mayor he served in the U.S. bridge was dismantled in 1911. also served in the U.S. House of House of Representatives from 1969 Representatives from 1841–1843, to 1977. Koch was famous for asking 1863­–1865, and 1867–1881. Wood New Yorkers “How’m I doin’?” about was a Copperhead, or sympathizer his administration. He is known for with the Confederacy during the Civil restoring the city’s fiscal integrity as War, and suggested New York secede it faced potential bankruptcy. from the Union to protect the city’s trade with the Confederacy in cotton. TRINITY CHURCH CEMETERY & MAUSOLEUM

TRINITY CHURCH WALL STREET THROUGH THE YEARS

1697 King William III grants Trinity's Charter. 1871 Broadway extends northward and cuts through Trinity Church Cemetery dividing it into eastern 1705 Queen Anne makes land grant for a “Church Farm” and western divisions. A footbridge crossing running from Broadway to the Hudson River and Broadway was erected but taken down in 1911. from Fulton to Christopher Streets. 1915 The Chapel of the Intercession, situated on the 1756 Cornerstone laid for first building of corner of 155th Street and Broadway and King’s College (later ); designed by Bertram Goodhue, is consecrated. land granted by Trinity Church. Intercession was made independent of the Parish 1776 “Great Fire” destroys first Trinity Church. of Trinity Church in 1976.

1790 Second Trinity Church consecrated. 1978 Trinity adds mausoleum facilities to continue providing burial space in Manhattan. 1842 Trinity Church purchases land for a cemetery on the Hudson River at 155th 1979 First mausoleum consecrated at Street. Architect James Renwick Jr. is chosen Trinity Church Cemetery. to design the layout of the cemetery grounds. 1997 300th anniversary celebration of 1843 Trinity Church Cemetery at Broadway the founding of Trinity Church. and 155th Street opens.

1846 Third Trinity Church consecrated after beams of the second church buckle in 1838. TRINITY CHURCH CEMETERY & MAUSOLEUM

PLACES OF INTEREST NEARBY The Little Red Lighthouse (not shown on map) Church of the Intercession q Fort Washington Park (at 181st Street) | 212.304.2365 Broadway and 155th Street Immortalized in the book The Little Red Lighthouse and the (on the grounds of the eastern division of the cemetery) Great Gray Bridge by Hildegarde H. Swift and illustrated by 212.283.6200 | intercessionnyc.org Lynd Ward, the lighthouse’s real name is the Jeffrey’s Hook The Neo-Gothic structure that now stands was built as Lighthouse. It is open for tours from spring thru fall. Call a chapel of Trinity Church. It was consecrated in 1915 ahead for tour schedules. and became independent from Trinity in 1976. DIRECTIONS The NITCHEN Children’s Museum BY CAR of Native America • North on the Henry Hudson Parkway (9A), take exit 13 Located inside the Church of the Intercession 212.694.2240 toward West 158th Street. Continue on 158th Street. cccona.nyc Turn right on Broadway and right at 153rd Street. A museum that offers programs for school groups about • South from the Bridge, take exit 1 for the native cultures of today and of the past. Henry Hudson Parkway (9A), follow signs for Riverside Drive/ Downtown. Continue on Riverside Drive. Turn left at 165th The Hispanic Society of America w Street, right on Broadway, and right at 153rd Street. Broadway between 155th & 156th Streets BY SUBWAY 212.926.2234 | hispanicsociety.org • Take the C subway line to the 155th Street station stop. Walk west on 155th Street toward Riverside Drive. A free museum and reference library for the study of the arts and cultures of Spain, Portugal, and Latin America. • Take the number 1 subway line to the stop. Walk south to 155th Street and west to Riverside Drive. Morris-Jumel Mansion Museum e BY BUS 65 Jumel Terrace (between 160th & 162nd Streets, • Take the M4 or M5 to Broadway and West 153rd Street. east of St. Nicholas Avenue) Geor HOURS | Monday-Friday:ge 9am–4pm 212.923.8008 | morrisjumel.org Washington Bridg TRINITY CHURCH CEMETERYe & MAUSOLEUM Considered Manhattan’s oldest house, the mansion was once 770 Riverside Drive | 212.368.1600 headquarters for General Washington in 1776. It was later [email protected] | trinitywallstreet.org/cemetery purchased by French emigrant Stephen Jumel and his wife, The Rev. Phillip A. Jackson, Priest-in-charge Eliza, who is buried in Trinity Cemetery. Eliza Jumel later The Rev. Michael A. Bird, Vicar married , former U.S. vice president. TRINITY CHURCH CORE VALUES The (not shown on map) Faith | Compassion | Integrity | Inclusiveness | Stewardship | Social Justice 99 Drive,

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